Department of Labor Logo United States Department of Labor
Dot gov

The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Economic News Release
PRINT:Print
JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release


For release 10:00 a.m. (EST) Tuesday, November 7, 2017	USDL-17-1480

Technical information:  (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                         JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – SEPTEMBER 2017

The number of job openings was little changed at 6.1 million on the last business day of September, the 
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month, hires and separations were also little 
changed at 5.3 million and 5.2 million, respectively. Within separations, the quits rate and the layoffs 
and discharges rate were little changed at 2.2 percent and 1.2 percent, respectively. This release includes 
estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by 
industry and by four geographic regions.

Job Openings

On the last business day of September, there were 6.1 million job openings, little changed from August. 
Job openings have been at or near record high levels since June. The job openings rate was 4.0 percent 
in September. The number of job openings was little changed for total private and for government. Job 
openings increased in professional and business services (+156,000), other services (+52,000), state and 
local government education (+36,000), and federal government (+15,000). Job openings decreased in 
accommodation and food services (-111,000) and information (-28,000). The number of job openings 
was little changed in all four regions. (See table 1.)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________
|                                        Hurricane Irma                                            |
|Hurricane Irma made landfall in Florida during September, the reference month for the preliminary |
|estimates in this release. All possible efforts were made to contact and collect data from survey |
|respondents in the hurricane-affected areas. A review of the data indicated that Hurricane Irma   |
|had no discernible effect on the JOLTS estimates for September. For more information, see         |
|www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts-harvey-irma.htm.                                                            |
|__________________________________________________________________________________________________|

Hires

The number of hires was little changed at 5.3 million in September. The hires rate was 3.6 percent. The 
number of hires was little changed for total private and for government. The number of hires was little 
changed in all industries and regions. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 
due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers to other locations of the same firm.

The number of total separations was little changed at 5.2 million in September. The total separations 
rate was 3.6 percent. The number of total separations was little changed for total private and for 
government. Total separations decreased in other services (-73,000) and wholesale trade (-37,000). The 
number of total separations was little changed in all four regions. (See table 3.)

The number of quits was little changed at 3.2 million in September. The quits rate was 2.2 percent. The 
number of quits was little changed for total private and for government. Quits rose in professional and 
business services (+82,000) and state and local government, excluding education (+10,000). Quits fell in 
other services (-45,000) and real estate and rental and leasing (-16,000). In the regions, the number of 
quits increased in the Midwest. (See table 4.)

There were 1.7 million layoffs and discharges in September, little changed from August. The layoffs 
and discharges rate was 1.2 percent in September. The number of layoffs and discharges was little 
changed for total private and for government. The layoffs and discharges level decreased in wholesale 
trade (-30,000) and mining and logging (-7,000). The number of layoffs and discharges was little 
changed in all four regions. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations edged down in September to 355,000. Other separations edged down 
for total private and was little changed for government. Other separations increased in state and local 
government education (+6,000). Other separations decreased in other services (-18,000), 
accommodation and food services (-13,000), and educational services (-5,000). The number of other 
separations decreased in the South region. (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in September, hires totaled 63.9 million 
and separations totaled 62.1 million, yielding a net employment gain of 1.8 million. These totals 
include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for October 2017 are scheduled to be 
released on Monday, December 11, 2017 at 10:00 a.m. (EST).


Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
Sept.
2016
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)
Sept.
2016
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)
Sept.
2016
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)


Total

5,666 6,090 6,093 5,179 5,420 5,273 4,942 5,273 5,240

Total private

5,133 5,584 5,563 4,811 5,079 4,922 4,599 4,932 4,898

Mining and logging(1)

18 25 24 29 36 30 26 27 23

Construction(1)

237 230 196 317 370 377 293 337 363

Manufacturing

326 435 425 277 359 333 278 301 323

Durable goods(1)

197 248 255 162 211 194 165 172 185

Nondurable goods(1)

129 187 170 114 148 139 113 128 137

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,005 1,116 1,084 1,099 1,029 1,027 1,038 1,020 980

Wholesale trade(1)

169 207 222 139 149 140 113 157 120

Retail trade

633 643 616 758 684 688 722 676 673

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)

202 266 246 202 196 199 203 187 187

Information(1)

87 122 94 79 79 73 82 83 88

Financial activities

339 341 339 177 213 194 166 212 189

Finance and insurance

260 267 280 117 135 127 110 131 128

Real estate and rental and leasing(1)

79 74 59 60 78 66 55 81 60

Professional and business services

1,125 1,037 1,193 1,112 1,123 1,119 1,035 1,059 1,117

Education and health services

1,086 1,191 1,172 616 662 651 558 633 619

Educational services(1)

108 104 98 90 98 89 65 77 77

Health care and social assistance

978 1,087 1,074 526 564 562 493 556 542

Leisure and hospitality

724 859 757 921 989 947 935 998 1,007

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

75 80 90 118 160 140 149 164 154

Accommodation and food services

650 778 667 802 830 807 786 834 853

Other services(1)

185 228 280 185 219 171 187 263 190

Government

533 506 530 368 340 351 343 341 342

Federal(1)

102 66 81 41 36 36 38 37 38

State and local

432 440 449 327 305 315 306 304 305

State and local education

144 146 182 162 144 142 142 141 136

State and local, excluding education(1)

288 294 267 165 160 173 163 162 169





RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)


Total

3.8 4.0 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.6 3.6

Total private

4.0 4.3 4.3 3.9 4.1 4.0 3.8 4.0 3.9

Mining and logging(1)

2.6 3.4 3.3 4.4 5.0 4.2 4.0 3.7 3.1

Construction(1)

3.4 3.2 2.8 4.7 5.4 5.5 4.4 4.9 5.3

Manufacturing

2.6 3.4 3.3 2.2 2.9 2.7 2.3 2.4 2.6

Durable goods(1)

2.5 3.1 3.2 2.1 2.7 2.5 2.1 2.2 2.4

Nondurable goods(1)

2.7 3.8 3.5 2.5 3.2 3.0 2.4 2.7 2.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

3.5 3.9 3.8 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.6

Wholesale trade(1)

2.8 3.4 3.6 2.4 2.5 2.4 1.9 2.7 2.0

Retail trade

3.8 3.9 3.7 4.8 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)

3.5 4.5 4.2 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.3 3.3

Information(1)

3.0 4.3 3.3 2.8 2.9 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.2

Financial activities

3.9 3.9 3.8 2.1 2.5 2.3 2.0 2.5 2.2

Finance and insurance

4.1 4.1 4.3 1.9 2.2 2.0 1.8 2.1 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing(1)

3.5 3.3 2.6 2.8 3.5 3.0 2.6 3.7 2.7

Professional and business services

5.3 4.7 5.4 5.5 5.4 5.4 5.1 5.1 5.4

Education and health services

4.6 4.9 4.8 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.5 2.7 2.7

Educational services(1)

2.9 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.4 1.8 2.1 2.1

Health care and social assistance

4.9 5.3 5.2 2.7 2.9 2.9 2.6 2.8 2.8

Leisure and hospitality

4.4 5.1 4.6 5.9 6.2 6.0 6.0 6.2 6.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

3.2 3.4 3.8 5.3 7.0 6.2 6.7 7.2 6.8

Accommodation and food services

4.6 5.4 4.7 6.0 6.0 5.9 5.8 6.1 6.3

Other services(1)

3.1 3.8 4.6 3.2 3.8 3.0 3.3 4.6 3.3

Government

2.3 2.2 2.3 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5

Federal(1)

3.5 2.3 2.8 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

State and local

2.2 2.2 2.2 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

State and local education

1.4 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3

State and local, excluding education(1)

3.1 3.1 2.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8

Footnotes
(1) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in the job openings series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical.
(p) Preliminary


Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Sampling error estimates are available at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2016
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)
Sept.
2016
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)

Total

5,666 5,702 6,116 6,140 6,090 6,093 3.8 3.8 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,133 5,171 5,545 5,625 5,584 5,563 4.0 4.0 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3

Mining and logging(3)

18 15 22 24 25 24 2.6 2.1 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.3

Construction(3)

237 163 212 237 230 196 3.4 2.3 3.0 3.3 3.2 2.8

Manufacturing

326 350 419 414 435 425 2.6 2.7 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.3

Durable goods(3)

197 201 232 207 248 255 2.5 2.5 2.9 2.6 3.1 3.2

Nondurable goods(3)

129 149 187 207 187 170 2.7 3.1 3.9 4.2 3.8 3.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,005 999 1,027 1,074 1,116 1,084 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.9 3.8

Wholesale trade(3)

169 185 229 230 207 222 2.8 3.0 3.7 3.7 3.4 3.6

Retail trade

633 666 615 618 643 616 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)

202 149 183 226 266 246 3.5 2.6 3.1 3.9 4.5 4.2

Information(3)

87 88 102 93 122 94 3.0 3.1 3.6 3.3 4.3 3.3

Financial activities

339 349 353 362 341 339 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 3.9 3.8

Finance and insurance

260 266 285 279 267 280 4.1 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.1 4.3

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

79 83 68 83 74 59 3.5 3.7 3.0 3.6 3.3 2.6

Professional and business services

1,125 1,029 1,171 1,088 1,037 1,193 5.3 4.7 5.4 5.0 4.7 5.4

Education and health services

1,086 1,109 1,203 1,164 1,191 1,172 4.6 4.6 5.0 4.8 4.9 4.8

Educational services(3)

108 99 92 144 104 98 2.9 2.7 2.5 3.8 2.8 2.6

Health care and social assistance

978 1,010 1,111 1,020 1,087 1,074 4.9 4.9 5.4 5.0 5.3 5.2

Leisure and hospitality

724 798 819 839 859 757 4.4 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 4.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

75 58 90 84 80 90 3.2 2.5 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.8

Accommodation and food services

650 740 729 755 778 667 4.6 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.4 4.7

Other services(3)

185 270 218 330 228 280 3.1 4.5 3.7 5.4 3.8 4.6

Government

533 531 571 515 506 530 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.3

Federal(3)

102 118 101 83 66 81 3.5 4.0 3.5 2.9 2.3 2.8

State and local

432 414 471 432 440 449 2.2 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.2

State and local education

144 145 154 155 146 182 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.7

State and local, excluding education(3)

288 269 317 277 294 267 3.1 2.9 3.4 2.9 3.1 2.8

REGION(4)

Northeast

1,018 1,057 1,059 1,119 1,102 1,082 3.7 3.8 3.8 4.0 3.9 3.8

South

2,071 2,062 2,234 2,243 2,125 2,158 3.8 3.7 4.0 4.0 3.8 3.9

Midwest

1,248 1,296 1,467 1,378 1,520 1,538 3.7 3.8 4.3 4.1 4.4 4.5

West

1,330 1,288 1,356 1,400 1,343 1,315 3.9 3.7 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2016
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)
Sept.
2016
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)

Total

5,179 5,459 5,432 5,521 5,420 5,273 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,811 5,126 5,102 5,175 5,079 4,922 3.9 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.0

Mining and logging

29 38 33 35 36 30 4.4 5.4 4.6 5.0 5.0 4.2

Construction

317 368 345 354 370 377 4.7 5.3 5.0 5.1 5.4 5.5

Manufacturing

277 329 324 353 359 333 2.2 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.7

Durable goods

162 183 190 205 211 194 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.5

Nondurable goods

114 146 134 148 148 139 2.5 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.2 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,099 1,055 1,057 1,023 1,029 1,027 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.7

Wholesale trade

139 126 134 145 149 140 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.4

Retail trade

758 731 726 687 684 688 4.8 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

202 198 196 192 196 199 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.5

Information

79 73 68 77 79 73 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.9 2.7

Financial activities

177 220 205 206 213 194 2.1 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.3

Finance and insurance

117 145 132 137 135 127 1.9 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

60 75 74 69 78 66 2.8 3.4 3.4 3.1 3.5 3.0

Professional and business services

1,112 1,168 1,191 1,200 1,123 1,119 5.5 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.4 5.4

Education and health services

616 670 644 669 662 651 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.8

Educational services

90 101 76 88 98 89 2.5 2.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 2.4

Health care and social assistance

526 569 567 581 564 562 2.7 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.9

Leisure and hospitality

921 955 1,018 1,021 989 947 5.9 6.0 6.4 6.4 6.2 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

118 144 167 171 160 140 5.3 6.4 7.4 7.5 7.0 6.2

Accommodation and food services

802 811 851 850 830 807 6.0 5.9 6.2 6.2 6.0 5.9

Other services

185 250 218 235 219 171 3.2 4.3 3.8 4.1 3.8 3.0

Government

368 332 330 346 340 351 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6

Federal

41 29 28 38 36 36 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3

State and local

327 303 302 308 305 315 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6

State and local education

162 146 141 149 144 142 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

State and local, excluding education

165 157 160 159 160 173 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.9

REGION(3)

Northeast

841 1,017 902 894 801 802 3.1 3.8 3.3 3.3 3.0 3.0

South

2,021 2,109 2,118 2,105 2,167 2,099 3.8 4.0 4.0 3.9 4.1 3.9

Midwest

1,145 1,167 1,256 1,305 1,207 1,214 3.6 3.6 3.9 4.0 3.7 3.7

West

1,171 1,165 1,157 1,216 1,245 1,158 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.5

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2016
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)
Sept.
2016
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)

Total

4,942 5,245 5,309 5,362 5,273 5,240 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,599 4,914 4,997 5,012 4,932 4,898 3.8 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.9

Mining and logging

26 31 25 29 27 23 4.0 4.3 3.5 4.0 3.7 3.1

Construction

293 341 340 367 337 363 4.4 5.0 4.9 5.3 4.9 5.3

Manufacturing

278 325 315 320 301 323 2.3 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.6

Durable goods

165 171 182 181 172 185 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.4

Nondurable goods

113 153 133 139 128 137 2.4 3.3 2.9 3.0 2.7 2.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,038 1,051 1,063 1,015 1,020 980 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.6

Wholesale trade

113 116 131 150 157 120 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.7 2.0

Retail trade

722 747 737 682 676 673 4.5 4.7 4.7 4.3 4.3 4.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

203 187 196 184 187 187 3.6 3.3 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.3

Information

82 79 67 87 83 88 3.0 2.9 2.4 3.2 3.0 3.2

Financial activities

166 213 200 200 212 189 2.0 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.2

Finance and insurance

110 132 130 125 131 128 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

55 81 70 75 81 60 2.6 3.7 3.2 3.4 3.7 2.7

Professional and business services

1,035 1,116 1,182 1,127 1,059 1,117 5.1 5.4 5.7 5.4 5.1 5.4

Education and health services

558 625 619 616 633 619 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7

Educational services

65 92 93 79 77 77 1.8 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.1 2.1

Health care and social assistance

493 532 526 537 556 542 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8

Leisure and hospitality

935 942 980 991 998 1,007 6.0 5.9 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

149 137 170 188 164 154 6.7 6.1 7.5 8.3 7.2 6.8

Accommodation and food services

786 804 809 803 834 853 5.8 5.9 5.9 5.9 6.1 6.3

Other services

187 192 206 260 263 190 3.3 3.3 3.6 4.5 4.6 3.3

Government

343 331 312 351 341 342 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.5

Federal

38 26 31 41 37 38 1.3 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.3

State and local

306 305 282 310 304 305 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.6

State and local education

142 139 131 156 141 136 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.3

State and local, excluding education

163 166 150 154 162 169 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

788 839 865 886 872 868 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.2

South

1,912 2,190 2,164 2,173 2,007 1,992 3.6 4.1 4.1 4.1 3.8 3.7

Midwest

1,067 1,096 1,143 1,195 1,180 1,201 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.6 3.7

West

1,175 1,119 1,138 1,108 1,213 1,179 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.6 3.5

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2016
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)
Sept.
2016
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)

Total

3,076 3,206 3,130 3,194 3,093 3,182 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,902 3,035 2,966 3,023 2,929 3,015 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4

Mining and logging

14 14 15 18 11 15 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.5 1.5 2.0

Construction

122 142 135 141 140 154 1.8 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.2

Manufacturing

150 202 197 191 185 194 1.2 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6

Durable goods

84 104 108 109 98 112 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4

Nondurable goods

66 98 90 82 86 82 1.4 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

661 675 641 662 639 621 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.3

Wholesale trade

68 72 74 91 85 83 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.4

Retail trade

470 498 462 456 456 439 3.0 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

123 104 105 115 98 99 2.2 1.9 1.9 2.1 1.7 1.7

Information

49 31 37 58 46 51 1.8 1.2 1.4 2.1 1.7 1.9

Financial activities

87 131 105 116 118 112 1.0 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.3

Finance and insurance

60 80 61 75 73 84 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.3

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

27 52 44 41 45 29 1.3 2.4 2.0 1.9 2.0 1.3

Professional and business services

631 616 634 615 590 672 3.1 3.0 3.1 3.0 2.8 3.2

Education and health services

402 421 422 391 395 411 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8

Educational services

42 45 49 42 47 45 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.2

Health care and social assistance

360 376 373 349 349 366 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9

Leisure and hospitality

680 690 648 666 639 663 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

75 67 63 66 60 50 3.4 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.2

Accommodation and food services

605 623 585 601 579 613 4.5 4.6 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.5

Other services(3)

106 112 132 165 166 121 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.9 2.9 2.1

Government

174 172 164 171 164 167 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7

Federal

14 11 14 14 15 15 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

State and local

160 160 151 157 149 152 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

State and local education

76 78 76 81 75 69 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7

State and local, excluding education

84 83 75 75 73 83 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9

REGION(4)

Northeast

422 472 458 445 447 441 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6

South

1,234 1,311 1,281 1,372 1,205 1,250 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.6 2.3 2.3

Midwest

675 691 661 700 688 779 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.4

West

746 733 730 677 752 712 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.1

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2016
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)
Sept.
2016
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)

Total

1,516 1,673 1,806 1,789 1,781 1,703 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,407 1,577 1,713 1,667 1,667 1,597 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3

Mining and logging(3)

8 13 7 8 13 6 1.2 1.9 1.0 1.2 1.9 0.9

Construction

153 187 194 215 187 199 2.3 2.7 2.8 3.1 2.7 2.9

Manufacturing

101 103 95 109 96 104 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8

Durable goods

61 59 61 60 63 59 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Nondurable goods

40 44 34 50 33 45 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.1 0.7 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

292 283 317 275 320 282 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0

Wholesale trade(3)

32 36 32 48 64 34 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.8 1.1 0.6

Retail trade

201 184 208 171 178 177 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

59 63 77 56 78 71 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.3

Information

22 33 25 22 30 30 0.8 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.1

Financial activities

54 51 63 62 60 50 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6

Finance and insurance

30 25 42 31 28 23 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

24 26 22 31 31 27 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.2

Professional and business services

353 440 488 436 395 388 1.7 2.1 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.9

Education and health services

118 168 153 170 179 163 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7

Educational services

17 40 34 29 23 29 0.5 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.8

Health care and social assistance

101 129 119 141 156 133 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7

Leisure and hospitality

231 222 309 289 314 311 1.5 1.4 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

70 67 106 119 99 99 3.2 3.0 4.7 5.2 4.4 4.4

Accommodation and food services

160 155 203 170 215 211 1.2 1.1 1.5 1.2 1.6 1.6

Other services

75 76 62 81 74 64 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.1

Government

109 97 93 122 114 105 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5

Federal

12 9 8 17 13 11 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.4

State and local

97 88 85 105 101 94 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5

State and local education

44 37 33 51 41 36 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.3

State and local, excluding education

53 51 52 54 60 58 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6

REGION(4)

Northeast

299 303 345 360 360 360 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

South

541 751 730 676 654 633 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2

Midwest

329 321 408 421 409 338 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.0

West

347 298 322 333 358 371 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2016
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)
Sept.
2016
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)

Total

351 365 373 379 398 355 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

291 303 318 321 335 286 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2

Mining and logging

5 3 3 2 2 1 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2

Construction(3)

18 13 12 11 10 9 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Manufacturing

27 19 23 20 20 25 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

20 8 13 12 11 14 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Nondurable goods(3)

7 11 10 8 9 11 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

85 93 105 78 60 78 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3

Wholesale trade

13 8 25 10 8 3 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1

Retail trade

51 65 67 55 41 57 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)

21 20 14 13 11 17 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Information(3)

11 15 5 7 7 7 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

Financial activities

25 30 32 23 35 26 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3

Finance and insurance

21 27 27 19 30 21 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

4 3 4 3 5 5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Professional and business services

50 60 60 75 74 56 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3

Education and health services

38 36 44 55 59 45 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Educational services(3)

6 8 10 9 8 3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1

Health care and social assistance(3)

32 28 34 47 51 42 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

24 29 22 36 45 33 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation(3)

3 3 2 4 4 5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Accommodation and food services(3)

21 26 21 33 41 28 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Other services(3)

6 4 12 13 23 5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1

Government

60 63 55 58 63 70 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal

12 6 8 9 10 11 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4

State and local

48 57 46 49 53 59 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

State and local education

22 24 23 24 24 30 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

State and local, excluding education

26 33 23 24 29 28 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(4)

Northeast

68 65 61 81 66 67 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

South

138 128 154 126 148 108 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2

Midwest

63 84 73 74 83 84 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

West

82 88 85 98 102 96 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2016
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)
Sept.
2016
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)

Total

5,676 6,205 6,114 3.8 4.1 4.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,150 5,673 5,594 4.0 4.3 4.3

Mining and logging

18 25 24 2.6 3.4 3.2

Construction

237 230 196 3.3 3.1 2.7

Manufacturing

326 435 425 2.6 3.4 3.3

Durable goods

197 248 255 2.5 3.1 3.2

Nondurable goods

129 187 170 2.7 3.8 3.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,103 1,184 1,183 3.9 4.2 4.2

Wholesale trade

169 207 222 2.8 3.4 3.6

Retail trade

731 711 715 4.4 4.3 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

202 266 246 3.5 4.5 4.2

Information

87 122 94 3.0 4.3 3.4

Financial activities

344 328 345 4.0 3.7 3.9

Finance and insurance

265 253 287 4.1 3.9 4.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

79 74 59 3.5 3.2 2.6

Professional and business services

1,098 1,005 1,192 5.1 4.6 5.4

Education and health services

1,062 1,186 1,150 4.5 4.9 4.7

Educational services

108 104 98 3.0 3.0 2.6

Health care and social assistance

954 1,082 1,052 4.8 5.3 5.1

Leisure and hospitality

691 929 705 4.2 5.3 4.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

60 87 75 2.5 3.3 3.1

Accommodation and food services

631 842 631 4.4 5.6 4.4

Other services

185 228 280 3.1 3.8 4.6

Government

526 532 521 2.3 2.4 2.3

Federal

102 66 81 3.5 2.3 2.8

State and local

424 466 440 2.1 2.5 2.2

State and local education

136 172 173 1.3 1.9 1.7

State and local, excluding education

288 294 267 3.1 3.1 2.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

1,034 1,166 1,095 3.7 4.1 3.9

South

2,065 2,089 2,140 3.8 3.8 3.8

Midwest

1,267 1,563 1,581 3.8 4.6 4.6

West

1,310 1,387 1,299 3.8 4.0 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2016
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)
Sept.
2016
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)

Total

5,341 6,041 5,368 3.7 4.1 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,871 5,444 4,928 4.0 4.3 4.0

Mining and logging

30 37 29 4.4 5.1 4.0

Construction

287 367 343 4.1 5.1 4.8

Manufacturing

289 397 347 2.3 3.2 2.8

Durable goods

165 231 199 2.1 3.0 2.6

Nondurable goods

125 166 148 2.7 3.5 3.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,117 1,055 1,045 4.1 3.9 3.8

Wholesale trade

142 155 144 2.4 2.6 2.4

Retail trade

754 708 682 4.8 4.5 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

221 192 219 4.0 3.4 3.9

Information

75 81 69 2.7 3.0 2.6

Financial activities

169 219 182 2.0 2.6 2.1

Finance and insurance

111 137 119 1.8 2.2 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

58 82 62 2.7 3.7 2.8

Professional and business services

1,067 1,150 1,073 5.2 5.5 5.1

Education and health services

722 858 748 3.2 3.8 3.2

Educational services

167 197 158 4.7 5.9 4.4

Health care and social assistance

555 662 590 2.9 3.4 3.0

Leisure and hospitality

925 1,072 922 5.8 6.4 5.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

112 131 127 4.9 5.1 5.5

Accommodation and food services

813 941 795 6.0 6.7 5.8

Other services

190 206 170 3.3 3.6 3.0

Government

470 597 440 2.1 2.8 2.0

Federal

37 35 34 1.3 1.2 1.2

State and local

432 562 406 2.2 3.1 2.1

State and local education

289 405 251 2.8 4.5 2.4

State and local, excluding education

144 157 155 1.6 1.7 1.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

944 830 887 3.5 3.1 3.3

South

2,018 2,520 2,079 3.8 4.7 3.9

Midwest

1,150 1,332 1,217 3.6 4.1 3.7

West

1,229 1,360 1,185 3.7 4.1 3.5

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2016
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)
Sept.
2016
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)

Total

5,246 6,279 5,611 3.6 4.3 3.8

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,852 5,775 5,205 3.9 4.6 4.2

Mining and logging

29 30 25 4.3 4.1 3.5

Construction

292 374 364 4.2 5.2 5.1

Manufacturing

301 379 352 2.4 3.0 2.8

Durable goods

173 214 200 2.2 2.7 2.6

Nondurable goods

128 164 152 2.7 3.5 3.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,032 1,149 967 3.8 4.2 3.5

Wholesale trade

121 171 130 2.1 2.9 2.2

Retail trade

717 781 665 4.6 4.9 4.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

193 197 172 3.5 3.5 3.0

Information

80 93 88 2.9 3.4 3.3

Financial activities

159 256 183 1.9 3.0 2.2

Finance and insurance

106 170 125 1.7 2.7 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

53 86 58 2.5 3.8 2.6

Professional and business services

1,005 1,149 1,087 4.9 5.5 5.2

Education and health services

583 769 649 2.6 3.4 2.8

Educational services

70 118 78 2.0 3.5 2.2

Health care and social assistance

513 651 571 2.7 3.3 2.9

Leisure and hospitality

1,156 1,279 1,280 7.3 7.7 8.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

249 246 284 10.8 9.6 12.3

Accommodation and food services

907 1,033 996 6.7 7.3 7.3

Other services

214 297 209 3.8 5.1 3.6

Government

394 504 406 1.8 2.4 1.8

Federal

40 42 40 1.4 1.5 1.4

State and local

353 462 365 1.8 2.5 1.9

State and local education

119 207 113 1.2 2.3 1.1

State and local, excluding education

234 255 253 2.6 2.7 2.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

947 1,099 1,048 3.5 4.1 3.9

South

1,951 2,382 2,032 3.7 4.5 3.8

Midwest

1,123 1,427 1,270 3.5 4.4 3.9

West

1,225 1,371 1,262 3.7 4.1 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2016
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)
Sept.
2016
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)

Total

3,259 3,859 3,396 2.2 2.6 2.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,077 3,607 3,220 2.5 2.9 2.6

Mining and logging

16 15 18 2.4 2.0 2.4

Construction

126 185 163 1.8 2.6 2.3

Manufacturing

163 249 210 1.3 2.0 1.7

Durable goods

91 128 124 1.2 1.6 1.6

Nondurable goods

72 122 86 1.5 2.6 1.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

706 783 658 2.6 2.9 2.4

Wholesale trade

73 99 92 1.2 1.7 1.6

Retail trade

504 570 465 3.2 3.6 3.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

128 114 101 2.3 2.0 1.8

Information

49 59 54 1.8 2.1 2.0

Financial activities

86 142 113 1.0 1.7 1.3

Finance and insurance

59 97 85 1.0 1.5 1.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

27 45 29 1.3 2.0 1.3

Professional and business services

614 689 677 3.0 3.3 3.2

Education and health services

421 484 433 1.9 2.1 1.9

Educational services

49 78 51 1.4 2.3 1.4

Health care and social assistance

372 407 382 1.9 2.1 2.0

Leisure and hospitality

790 835 772 5.0 5.0 4.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

105 111 68 4.6 4.3 2.9

Accommodation and food services

685 724 704 5.0 5.1 5.1

Other services

106 166 121 1.9 2.9 2.1

Government

181 252 176 0.8 1.2 0.8

Federal

15 20 16 0.5 0.7 0.6

State and local

166 232 160 0.9 1.3 0.8

State and local education

70 126 63 0.7 1.4 0.6

State and local, excluding education

96 106 97 1.1 1.1 1.1

REGION(3)

Northeast

493 595 517 1.8 2.2 1.9

South

1,274 1,486 1,292 2.4 2.8 2.4

Midwest

717 883 840 2.2 2.7 2.6

West

775 895 747 2.3 2.7 2.2

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2016
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)
Sept.
2016
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)

Total

1,648 2,001 1,874 1.1 1.4 1.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,490 1,817 1,711 1.2 1.4 1.4

Mining and logging

8 13 6 1.2 1.8 0.9

Construction

147 179 192 2.1 2.5 2.7

Manufacturing

114 110 118 0.9 0.9 0.9

Durable goods

65 76 63 0.8 1.0 0.8

Nondurable goods

48 34 55 1.0 0.7 1.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

240 298 232 0.9 1.1 0.9

Wholesale trade

32 64 34 0.5 1.1 0.6

Retail trade

164 163 145 1.0 1.0 0.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

43 71 53 0.8 1.3 0.9

Information

20 27 27 0.7 1.0 1.0

Financial activities

48 73 44 0.6 0.9 0.5

Finance and insurance

27 38 19 0.4 0.6 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

22 36 25 1.0 1.6 1.1

Professional and business services

344 382 360 1.7 1.8 1.7

Education and health services

124 225 172 0.5 1.0 0.7

Educational services

15 32 24 0.4 1.0 0.7

Health care and social assistance

109 193 147 0.6 1.0 0.8

Leisure and hospitality

342 399 475 2.2 2.4 3.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

141 131 211 6.2 5.1 9.1

Accommodation and food services

201 269 264 1.5 1.9 1.9

Other services

103 108 84 1.8 1.9 1.5

Government

158 184 164 0.7 0.9 0.7

Federal

13 13 12 0.5 0.5 0.4

State and local

145 171 152 0.7 0.9 0.8

State and local education

32 53 26 0.3 0.6 0.3

State and local, excluding education

113 118 126 1.2 1.3 1.4

REGION(3)

Northeast

378 439 455 1.4 1.6 1.7

South

551 737 647 1.0 1.4 1.2

Midwest

348 452 355 1.1 1.4 1.1

West

370 372 419 1.1 1.1 1.2

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2016
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)
Sept.
2016
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017(p)

Total

339 419 341 0.2 0.3 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

285 351 275 0.2 0.3 0.2

Mining and logging

5 2 1 0.8 0.3 0.2

Construction

18 10 9 0.3 0.1 0.1

Manufacturing

24 20 23 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

17 11 12 0.2 0.1 0.2

Nondurable goods

7 9 11 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

86 68 77 0.3 0.2 0.3

Wholesale trade

16 8 4 0.3 0.1 0.1

Retail trade

50 48 56 0.3 0.3 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

21 11 17 0.4 0.2 0.3

Information

11 7 7 0.4 0.3 0.2

Financial activities

25 41 25 0.3 0.5 0.3

Finance and insurance

21 36 20 0.3 0.6 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

4 5 5 0.2 0.2 0.2

Professional and business services

47 78 50 0.2 0.4 0.2

Education and health services

38 59 45 0.2 0.3 0.2

Educational services

6 8 3 0.2 0.2 0.1

Health care and social assistance

32 51 42 0.2 0.3 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

24 45 33 0.2 0.3 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

3 4 5 0.1 0.2 0.2

Accommodation and food services

21 41 28 0.2 0.3 0.2

Other services

6 23 5 0.1 0.4 0.1

Government

55 68 66 0.2 0.3 0.3

Federal

12 9 12 0.4 0.3 0.4

State and local

43 59 54 0.2 0.3 0.3

State and local education

17 28 24 0.2 0.3 0.2

State and local, excluding education

26 31 29 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

75 65 74 0.3 0.2 0.3

South

126 159 94 0.2 0.3 0.2

Midwest

59 92 77 0.2 0.3 0.2

West

80 104 96 0.2 0.3 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Last Modified Date: November 07, 2017