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Economic News Release
PRINT:Print
JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

 	
For release 10:00 a.m. (EST) Friday, November 22, 2013	USDL-13-2196

Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                    JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – SEPTEMBER 2013

There were 3.9 million job openings on the last business day of September, little changed from August, 
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The hires rate (3.4 percent) and separations rate (3.2 
percent) were little changed in September. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job 
openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by geographic region.

Job Openings

There were 3.9 million job openings in September, little changed from August. (See table 1.) The number 
of job openings decreased in arts, entertainment, and recreation and was little changed in all remaining 
industries and in all four regions. 

The number of job openings (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the year for total nonfarm and total 
private, and was little changed in government. Over the year, the number of job openings increased in 
several industries but decreased in nondurable goods manufacturing and federal government. The 
Midwest region experienced an increase in job openings over the 12 months ending in September. (See 
table 7.)

Hires

The number of hires in September was 4.6 million, essentially unchanged from August. The number of 
hires was little changed for total private and government, as well as for all industries and all four regions. 
(See table 2.)

Over the 12 months ending in September, the number of hires (not seasonally adjusted) increased for 
total nonfarm and total private, and changed little for government. The number of hires increased over 
the year in professional and business services and state and local government but declined in federal 
government. The hires level rose over the year in the Midwest and West regions. (See table 8.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations include separations 
due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 4.4 million total separations in September, little changed from August. The number of total 
separations for total private and government were little changed. (See table 3.)

In September, the quits rate was little changed at 1.7 percent for total nonfarm, 2.0 percent for total 
private, and 0.5 percent for government. The quits rate was little changed over the month for all 
industries and all four regions. (See table 4.)

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the 12 months ending in September for 
total nonfarm and total private, and was little changed for government. The number of quits rose in 
several industries. Over the year, quits increased in the Midwest, South, and West regions. (See table 
10.)

The layoffs and discharges rate was essentially unchanged in September at 1.3 percent. The rates were 
little changed over the month for total private (1.4 percent) and government (0.5 percent). The layoffs 
and discharges rate increased in September in the South region. Seasonally adjusted estimates of layoffs 
and discharges are not available for individual industries. (See table 5.) 

The layoffs and discharges level (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months ending 
in September for total nonfarm, total private, and government. The number of layoffs and discharges 
increased over the year ending in September for finance and insurance and for educational services; the 
number decreased in construction and federal government. The level was essentially unchanged in all 
four regions. (See table 11.)

In September, there were 357,000 other separations for total nonfarm, little changed from August. The 
number of other separations was also little changed over the month for total private and government. 
Seasonally adjusted estimates of other separations are not available for individual industries or regions. 
(See table 6.) Over the 12 months ending in September, the number of other separations was little 
changed for total nonfarm, total private, and government. (See table 12.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in September 2013, hires totaled 52.7 
million and separations totaled 50.8 million, yielding a net employment gain of 1.9 million. These figures 
include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for October 2013 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, December 10, 2013 at 10:00 a.m. (EST).

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
Sept.
2012		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)		 Sept.
2012		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)		 Sept.
2012		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)

Total

 3,603 3,844 3,913 4,217 4,559 4,585 4,052 4,405 4,426

Total private(1)

 3,216 3,459 3,531 3,934 4,261 4,293 3,806 4,138 4,154

Construction

 83 109 113 337 298 295 336 297 271

Manufacturing

 242 268 252 227 248 256 239 246 249

Trade, transportation, and utilities(2)

 648 694 735 833 936 913 821 917 863

Retail trade

 389 418 450 560 659 630 559 650 616

Professional and business services

 609 658 672 857 979 1,012 846 947 967

Education and health services(3)

 712 732 725 493 556 525 438 516 509

Health care and social assistance

 644 668 647 413 461 452 374 431 434

Leisure and hospitality

 378 514 494 712 749 773 678 720 771

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

 48 76 51 100 106 117 105 101 122

Accommodation and food services

 329 438 443 612 643 655 573 619 649

Government(4)

 387 385 382 283 298 292 246 267 272

State and local

 317 339 334 251 273 268 213 235 241

RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)

Total

 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.0 3.2 3.2

Total private(1)

 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.4 3.6 3.6

Construction

 1.4 1.8 1.9 6.0 5.1 5.1 6.0 5.1 4.7

Manufacturing

 2.0 2.2 2.1 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(2)

 2.5 2.6 2.7 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.2 3.5 3.3

Retail trade

 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.8 4.3 4.1 3.8 4.3 4.0

Professional and business services

 3.3 3.4 3.5 4.8 5.3 5.4 4.7 5.1 5.2

Education and health services(3)

 3.4 3.4 3.4 2.4 2.7 2.5 2.1 2.5 2.5

Health care and social assistance

 3.6 3.7 3.6 2.4 2.7 2.6 2.2 2.5 2.5

Leisure and hospitality

 2.7 3.5 3.4 5.2 5.3 5.4 4.9 5.1 5.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

 2.4 3.6 2.4 5.1 5.2 5.8 5.3 5.0 6.0

Accommodation and food services

 2.7 3.5 3.5 5.2 5.3 5.4 4.8 5.1 5.3

Government(4)

 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.2

State and local

 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.3

Footnotes
 (1) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(2) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(3) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(4) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(p) Preliminary

 

Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,400
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-12 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Estimates of sampling errors are available upon request.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Sept.
2012		 May
2013		 June
2013		 July
2013		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)		 Sept.
2012		 May
2013		 June
2013		 July
2013		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)

Total

 3,603 3,907 3,869 3,808 3,844 3,913 2.6 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.8

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

 3,216 3,479 3,459 3,402 3,459 3,531 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0

Construction

 83 102 120 99 109 113 1.4 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.9

Manufacturing

 242 237 210 234 268 252 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

 648 784 712 655 694 735 2.5 2.9 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.7

Retail trade

 389 514 473 413 418 450 2.5 3.3 3.0 2.6 2.7 2.9

Professional and business services

 609 632 685 664 658 672 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.5

Education and health services(6)

 712 660 665 670 732 725 3.4 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.4

Health care and social assistance

 644 602 598 610 668 647 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.7 3.6

Leisure and hospitality

 378 477 483 493 514 494 2.7 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

 48 59 49 47 76 51 2.4 2.8 2.3 2.3 3.6 2.4

Accommodation and food services

 329 419 434 446 438 443 2.7 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5

Government(7)

 387 428 411 406 385 382 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7

State and local

 317 367 356 357 339 334 1.6 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7

REGION(8)

Northeast

 657 654 658 619 682 692 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.6 2.6

South

 1,338 1,555 1,504 1,464 1,424 1,481 2.7 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.9

Midwest

 833 886 918 843 877 911 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.9

West

 776 812 789 881 861 829 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.9 2.8 2.7

Footnotes
 (1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Sept.
2012		 May
2013		 June
2013		 July
2013		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)		 Sept.
2012		 May
2013		 June
2013		 July
2013		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)

Total

 4,217 4,490 4,318 4,497 4,559 4,585 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

 3,934 4,206 4,036 4,219 4,261 4,293 3.5 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.8

Construction

 337 317 309 307 298 295 6.0 5.5 5.3 5.3 5.1 5.1

Manufacturing

 227 239 225 222 248 256 1.9 2.0 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

 833 889 842 906 936 913 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.5

Retail trade

 560 620 586 635 659 630 3.8 4.1 3.9 4.2 4.3 4.1

Professional and business services

 857 890 928 1,001 979 1,012 4.8 4.8 5.0 5.4 5.3 5.4

Education and health services(6)

 493 541 470 530 556 525 2.4 2.6 2.3 2.6 2.7 2.5

Health care and social assistance

 413 468 403 452 461 452 2.4 2.7 2.3 2.6 2.7 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

 712 802 793 753 749 773 5.2 5.7 5.6 5.3 5.3 5.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

 100 124 133 114 106 117 5.1 6.1 6.5 5.6 5.2 5.8

Accommodation and food services

 612 678 660 639 643 655 5.2 5.6 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.4

Government(7)

 283 284 282 277 298 292 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3

State and local

 251 258 253 253 273 268 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4

REGION(8)

Northeast

 760 724 671 663 729 709 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.7

South

 1,709 1,760 1,714 1,761 1,822 1,806 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.6

Midwest

 913 1,036 945 1,105 1,038 1,067 3.0 3.4 3.1 3.6 3.4 3.4

West

 835 971 988 968 970 1,004 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.4

Footnotes
 (1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Sept.
2012		 May
2013		 June
2013		 July
2013		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)		 Sept.
2012		 May
2013		 June
2013		 July
2013		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)

Total

 4,052 4,381 4,228 4,273 4,405 4,426 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

 3,806 4,081 3,913 3,992 4,138 4,154 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6

Construction

 336 306 310 292 297 271 6.0 5.3 5.3 5.0 5.1 4.7

Manufacturing

 239 249 224 238 246 249 2.0 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

 821 883 789 838 917 863 3.2 3.4 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.3

Retail trade

 559 613 549 568 650 616 3.8 4.1 3.6 3.7 4.3 4.0

Professional and business services

 846 848 891 934 947 967 4.7 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.1 5.2

Education and health services(6)

 438 544 480 490 516 509 2.1 2.6 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.5

Health care and social assistance

 374 477 413 426 431 434 2.2 2.8 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5

Leisure and hospitality

 678 734 740 731 720 771 4.9 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.1 5.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

 105 108 107 119 101 122 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.9 5.0 6.0

Accommodation and food services

 573 626 633 612 619 649 4.8 5.2 5.2 5.0 5.1 5.3

Government(7)

 246 300 315 281 267 272 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2

State and local

 213 261 281 247 235 241 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.3

REGION(8)

Northeast

 700 695 679 685 735 671 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.6

South

 1,651 1,726 1,739 1,734 1,634 1,821 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.7

Midwest

 883 986 887 894 1,032 988 2.9 3.2 2.9 2.9 3.3 3.2

West

 818 974 923 961 1,003 946 2.8 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.2

Footnotes
 (1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Sept.
2012		 May
2013		 June
2013		 July
2013		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)		 Sept.
2012		 May
2013		 June
2013		 July
2013		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)

Total

 1,976 2,233 2,205 2,342 2,364 2,342 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

 1,870 2,098 2,063 2,208 2,240 2,231 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0

Construction

 77 103 106 100 102 91 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.6

Manufacturing

 107 112 99 114 106 118 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

 446 453 461 459 527 527 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.0

Retail trade

 328 321 329 347 406 406 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.7 2.7

Professional and business services

 372 418 455 541 490 487 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.9 2.6 2.6

Education and health services(6)

 242 283 286 285 288 279 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3

Health care and social assistance

 206 246 254 258 250 248 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4

Leisure and hospitality

 396 464 436 454 453 478 2.9 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

 31 42 46 48 46 48 1.6 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.4

Accommodation and food services

 364 422 390 406 407 430 3.1 3.5 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.5

Government(7)

 106 135 142 134 124 111 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5

State and local

 97 124 131 122 113 100 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5

REGION(8)

Northeast

 293 323 298 321 329 323 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2

South

 860 964 934 1,006 993 977 1.8 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0

Midwest

 436 494 525 525 524 563 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8

West

 388 452 448 490 519 479 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6

Footnotes
 (1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Sept.
2012		 May
2013		 June
2013		 July
2013		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)		 Sept.
2012		 May
2013		 June
2013		 July
2013		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)

Total

 1,732 1,752 1,602 1,589 1,676 1,727 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

 1,648 1,649 1,503 1,498 1,592 1,620 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4

Construction

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Manufacturing

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Retail trade

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Professional and business services

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Education and health services(6)

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Health care and social assistance

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Leisure and hospitality

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Accommodation and food services

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Government(7)

 83 103 99 91 84 107 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5

State and local

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

REGION(8)

Northeast

 337 302 309 307 337 283 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.1

South

 658 625 647 608 525 722 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.5

Midwest

 364 416 277 294 439 340 1.2 1.3 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.1

West

 373 410 370 380 376 381 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3

Footnotes
 (1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

- Data not available.

Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Sept.
2012		 May
2013		 June
2013		 July
2013		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)		 Sept.
2012		 May
2013		 June
2013		 July
2013		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)

Total

 344 396 420 342 365 357 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

 287 333 347 286 306 303 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Construction

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Manufacturing

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Retail trade

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Professional and business services

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Education and health services(6)

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Health care and social assistance

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Leisure and hospitality

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Accommodation and food services

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Government(7)

 56 63 73 56 59 54 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2

State and local

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

REGION(8)

Northeast

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

South

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Midwest

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

West

 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Footnotes
 (1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

- Data not available.

Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2012		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)		 Sept.
2012		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)

Total

 3,619 3,935 3,950 2.6 2.8 2.8

INDUSTRY

Total private

 3,247 3,521 3,582 2.8 3.0 3.0

Mining and logging

 16 20 16 1.8 2.2 1.7

Construction

 90 113 122 1.5 1.8 2.0

Manufacturing

 245 272 255 2.0 2.2 2.1

Durable goods

 142 183 173 1.9 2.4 2.2

Nondurable goods

 103 89 83 2.2 1.9 1.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

 719 736 844 2.7 2.8 3.1

Wholesale trade

 134 137 131 2.3 2.3 2.2

Retail trade

 450 455 531 3.0 2.9 3.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

 135 144 182 2.6 2.8 3.5

Information

 106 84 96 3.8 3.0 3.5

Financial activities

 280 249 257 3.5 3.0 3.1

Finance and insurance

 219 185 219 3.6 3.0 3.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

 61 64 38 3.0 3.0 1.8

Professional and business services

 599 672 648 3.2 3.5 3.3

Education and health services

 692 732 712 3.3 3.5 3.3

Educational services

 61 69 74 1.8 2.2 2.2

Health care and social assistance

 631 663 638 3.6 3.7 3.5

Leisure and hospitality

 373 533 479 2.6 3.5 3.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

 46 85 46 2.2 3.6 2.2

Accommodation and food services

 327 448 433 2.7 3.5 3.4

Other services

 127 110 153 2.3 2.0 2.7

Government

 372 414 368 1.7 2.0 1.7

Federal

 68 47 45 2.4 1.7 1.6

State and local

 304 367 323 1.6 2.0 1.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

 650 727 696 2.5 2.7 2.6

South

 1,322 1,394 1,454 2.6 2.7 2.8

Midwest

 867 936 962 2.8 2.9 3.0

West

 780 879 838 2.6 2.9 2.7

Footnotes
 (1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2012		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)		 Sept.
2012		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)

Total

 4,370 5,111 4,769 3.3 3.8 3.5

INDUSTRY

Total private

 4,005 4,564 4,381 3.6 4.0 3.8

Mining and logging

 25 26 32 2.9 2.9 3.6

Construction

 330 284 289 5.6 4.7 4.8

Manufacturing

 223 274 256 1.9 2.3 2.1

Durable goods

 123 161 153 1.6 2.1 2.0

Nondurable goods

 100 113 103 2.2 2.5 2.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

 881 990 970 3.5 3.8 3.7

Wholesale trade

 131 119 129 2.3 2.1 2.2

Retail trade

 601 708 671 4.1 4.6 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

 149 163 169 3.0 3.3 3.3

Information

 54 76 68 2.0 2.8 2.5

Financial activities

 185 207 208 2.4 2.6 2.6

Finance and insurance

 116 133 129 2.0 2.2 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

 68 74 79 3.5 3.6 3.9

Professional and business services

 806 1,012 964 4.5 5.4 5.1

Education and health services

 588 721 615 2.9 3.5 3.0

Educational services

 151 165 143 4.6 5.3 4.3

Health care and social assistance

 437 557 472 2.6 3.2 2.7

Leisure and hospitality

 719 789 776 5.1 5.3 5.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

 92 94 107 4.5 4.1 5.1

Accommodation and food services

 627 695 669 5.2 5.5 5.4

Other services

 194 184 205 3.6 3.3 3.7

Government

 365 547 387 1.7 2.6 1.8

Federal

 35 28 26 1.3 1.0 0.9

State and local

 330 520 361 1.7 2.9 1.9

REGION(3)

Northeast

 859 732 805 3.4 2.8 3.1

South

 1,726 2,105 1,830 3.5 4.3 3.7

Midwest

 921 1,199 1,085 3.0 3.9 3.5

West

 865 1,075 1,048 2.9 3.6 3.5

Footnotes
 (1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2012		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)		 Sept.
2012		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)

Total

 4,341 5,317 4,764 3.2 3.9 3.5

INDUSTRY

Total private

 4,030 4,920 4,454 3.6 4.3 3.9

Mining and logging

 30 26 31 3.5 2.9 3.5

Construction

 357 312 280 6.1 5.1 4.6

Manufacturing

 243 303 260 2.0 2.5 2.2

Durable goods

 149 163 151 2.0 2.2 2.0

Nondurable goods

 94 140 108 2.1 3.1 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

 835 1,051 898 3.3 4.0 3.5

Wholesale trade

 129 114 110 2.3 2.0 1.9

Retail trade

 570 765 653 3.9 5.0 4.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

 136 171 135 2.7 3.4 2.7

Information

 68 103 75 2.5 3.8 2.8

Financial activities

 189 244 228 2.4 3.1 2.9

Finance and insurance

 120 163 144 2.0 2.8 2.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

 69 81 84 3.5 4.0 4.2

Professional and business services

 803 1,069 944 4.4 5.7 5.0

Education and health services

 448 666 520 2.2 3.3 2.5

Educational services

 73 136 83 2.2 4.4 2.5

Health care and social assistance

 376 530 437 2.2 3.1 2.5

Leisure and hospitality

 853 916 983 6.1 6.2 6.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

 193 152 224 9.5 6.6 10.8

Accommodation and food services

 660 764 759 5.5 6.1 6.2

Other services

 204 230 235 3.7 4.2 4.3

Government

 311 397 310 1.4 1.9 1.4

Federal

 41 41 36 1.5 1.5 1.3

State and local

 270 356 274 1.4 2.0 1.4

REGION(3)

Northeast

 841 897 813 3.3 3.5 3.1

South

 1,648 1,971 1,838 3.4 4.0 3.7

Midwest

 974 1,299 1,103 3.2 4.2 3.6

West

 877 1,149 1,009 3.0 3.8 3.4

Footnotes
 (1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2012		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)		 Sept.
2012		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)

Total

 2,152 3,113 2,567 1.6 2.3 1.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

 2,029 2,915 2,444 1.8 2.5 2.1

Mining and logging

 18 15 16 2.1 1.7 1.8

Construction

 83 130 95 1.4 2.1 1.6

Manufacturing

 113 150 128 0.9 1.2 1.1

Durable goods

 60 70 69 0.8 0.9 0.9

Nondurable goods

 53 80 59 1.2 1.8 1.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

 492 680 597 1.9 2.6 2.3

Wholesale trade

 59 66 55 1.0 1.1 0.9

Retail trade

 367 533 473 2.5 3.5 3.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

 66 81 69 1.3 1.6 1.4

Information

 42 67 35 1.6 2.5 1.3

Financial activities

 109 149 114 1.4 1.9 1.4

Finance and insurance

 64 99 78 1.1 1.7 1.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

 45 49 37 2.3 2.4 1.8

Professional and business services

 364 620 481 2.0 3.3 2.6

Education and health services

 264 372 298 1.3 1.8 1.4

Educational services

 47 65 40 1.4 2.1 1.2

Health care and social assistance

 217 308 258 1.3 1.8 1.5

Leisure and hospitality

 463 609 575 3.3 4.1 4.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

 48 83 73 2.4 3.6 3.5

Accommodation and food services

 416 526 501 3.5 4.2 4.1

Other services

 80 123 107 1.5 2.2 2.0

Government

 124 198 123 0.6 1.0 0.6

Federal

 10 18 11 0.4 0.6 0.4

State and local

 113 181 112 0.6 1.0 0.6

REGION(3)

Northeast

 361 444 401 1.4 1.7 1.5

South

 889 1,279 1,014 1.8 2.6 2.0

Midwest

 477 721 624 1.6 2.3 2.0

West

 425 669 528 1.4 2.2 1.8

Footnotes
 (1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2012		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)		 Sept.
2012		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)

Total

 1,856 1,816 1,848 1.4 1.3 1.4

INDUSTRY

Total private

 1,722 1,682 1,710 1.5 1.5 1.5

Mining and logging

 10 9 13 1.2 1.0 1.4

Construction

 266 163 165 4.5 2.7 2.7

Manufacturing

 110 129 108 0.9 1.1 0.9

Durable goods

 78 79 67 1.0 1.0 0.9

Nondurable goods

 32 51 41 0.7 1.1 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

 262 277 218 1.0 1.1 0.8

Wholesale trade

 63 35 47 1.1 0.6 0.8

Retail trade

 143 171 124 1.0 1.1 0.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

 55 71 47 1.1 1.4 0.9

Information

 18 31 33 0.7 1.1 1.2

Financial activities

 36 67 84 0.5 0.8 1.1

Finance and insurance

 22 40 50 0.4 0.7 0.8

Real estate and rental and leasing

 14 27 34 0.7 1.3 1.7

Professional and business services

 402 416 431 2.2 2.2 2.3

Education and health services

 136 235 166 0.7 1.1 0.8

Educational services

 20 64 39 0.6 2.1 1.2

Health care and social assistance

 116 171 127 0.7 1.0 0.7

Leisure and hospitality

 362 269 377 2.6 1.8 2.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

 142 64 147 7.0 2.8 7.1

Accommodation and food services

 220 204 230 1.8 1.6 1.9

Other services

 120 87 115 2.2 1.6 2.1

Government

 134 135 138 0.6 0.6 0.6

Federal

 21 12 14 0.7 0.4 0.5

State and local

 113 122 125 0.6 0.7 0.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

 409 380 345 1.6 1.5 1.3

South

 633 571 707 1.3 1.2 1.4

Midwest

 419 493 395 1.4 1.6 1.3

West

 394 371 401 1.3 1.2 1.3

Footnotes
 (1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Sept.
2012		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)		 Sept.
2012		 Aug.
2013		 Sept.
2013(p)

Total

 333 388 348 0.2 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

 279 323 299 0.2 0.3 0.3

Mining and logging

 2 2 3 0.2 0.2 0.3

Construction

 8 19 20 0.1 0.3 0.3

Manufacturing

 21 24 24 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

 11 15 16 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

 9 9 8 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

 81 94 83 0.3 0.4 0.3

Wholesale trade

 7 13 9 0.1 0.2 0.2

Retail trade

 59 61 56 0.4 0.4 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

 15 19 19 0.3 0.4 0.4

Information

 8 5 8 0.3 0.2 0.3

Financial activities

 44 29 30 0.6 0.4 0.4

Finance and insurance

 34 24 16 0.6 0.4 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

 10 5 14 0.5 0.2 0.7

Professional and business services

 36 34 32 0.2 0.2 0.2

Education and health services

 48 59 57 0.2 0.3 0.3

Educational services

 5 8 4 0.1 0.3 0.1

Health care and social assistance

 43 51 53 0.3 0.3 0.3

Leisure and hospitality

 28 38 31 0.2 0.3 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

 3 4 3 0.2 0.2 0.2

Accommodation and food services

 24 34 28 0.2 0.3 0.2

Other services

 5 20 13 0.1 0.4 0.2

Government

 54 64 48 0.2 0.3 0.2

Federal

 10 12 11 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local

 44 53 37 0.2 0.3 0.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

 70 72 67 0.3 0.3 0.3

South

 126 122 117 0.3 0.2 0.2

Midwest

 78 85 84 0.3 0.3 0.3

West

 58 109 79 0.2 0.4 0.3

Footnotes
 (1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.

Last Modified Date: November 22, 2013