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Economic News Release
PRINT:Print
JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, November 30, 2022 USDL-22-2234
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                        JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – OCTOBER 2022

The number of job openings edged down to 10.3 million on the last business day of October, the U.S. 
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month the number of hires and total separations 
changed little at 6.0 million and 5.7 million, respectively. Within separations, quits (4.0 million) and 
layoffs and discharges (1.4 million) changed little. This release includes estimates of the number and 
rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, and by 
establishment size class. 
      
Job Openings

On the last business day of October, the number of job openings edged down to 10.3 million 
(-353,000). The rate changed little at 6.3 percent but was 1.0 percentage points lower than its peak in 
March 2022. In October, job openings decreased in state and local government, excluding education 
(-101,000); nondurable goods manufacturing (-95,000); and federal government (-61,000). The number 
of job openings increased in other services (+76,000) and in finance and insurance (+70,000). 
(See table 1.)

Hires

In October, the number and rate of hires changed little at 6.0 million and 3.9 percent, respectively. Hires 
changed little in all industries. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 
voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 
workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 
by the employer. Other separations includes separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 
to other locations of the same firm.

In October, the number of total separations changed little at 5.7 million, and the rate was unchanged at 
3.7 percent. The number of total separations changed little in all industries. (See table 3.)

In October, the number and rate of quits were little changed at 4.0 million and 2.6 percent, respectively. 
In October, quits decreased in information (-29,000). (See table 4.)

In October, the number of layoffs and discharges changed little at 1.4 million, and the rate was 
unchanged at 0.9 percent. Layoffs and discharges decreased in federal government (-3,000). 
(See table 5.)

The number of other separations were little changed in October at 270,000. Other separations 
decreased in transportation, warehousing, and utilities (-14,000) and in durable goods manufacturing 
(-8,000). Other separations increased in real estate and rental and leasing (+7,000). (See table 6.)

Establishment Size Class

In October, the job openings rate decreased in establishments with 1,000 to 4,999 employees. The total 
separations rate decreased in establishments with 5,000 or more employees. The layoffs and discharges 
rate increased in establishments with 1 to 9 employees. For a more in-depth description of the JOLTS 
establishment size class estimates, please visit www.bls.gov/jlt/sizeclassmethodology.htm.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for November 2022 are scheduled to be 
released on Wednesday, January 4, 2023, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
Oct.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Oct.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Oct.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)


Total

11,094 10,687 10,334 6,460 6,096 6,012 5,852 5,665 5,683

Total private

10,158 9,627 9,412 6,104 5,716 5,621 5,442 5,270 5,309

Mining and logging

29 29 35 21 22 20 18 20 20

Construction

392 423 371 362 359 332 339 343 326

Manufacturing

923 835 746 481 401 429 417 374 390

Durable goods

529 490 495 271 219 228 224 203 205

Nondurable goods

394 346 251 210 183 201 193 170 186

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,968 1,620 1,644 1,354 1,236 1,247 1,262 1,212 1,195

Wholesale trade

345 243 283 171 158 164 162 136 144

Retail trade

1,038 855 879 867 756 751 847 752 757

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

585 521 482 315 322 333 253 324 294

Information

179 218 226 119 102 93 101 93 73

Financial activities

445 472 537 218 234 204 195 225 207

Finance and insurance

338 282 352 137 148 127 130 145 123

Real estate and rental and leasing

107 190 185 80 86 77 65 80 84

Professional and business services

2,043 1,940 1,794 1,310 1,137 1,123 1,095 1,043 1,070

Education and health services

2,097 2,277 2,172 826 840 816 759 737 728

Educational services

192 194 175 118 96 96 84 87 86

Health care and social assistance

1,905 2,083 1,997 708 745 720 674 650 642

Leisure and hospitality

1,632 1,578 1,578 1,179 1,140 1,130 1,028 1,032 1,070

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

184 213 204 156 158 136 137 145 134

Accommodation and food services

1,448 1,365 1,374 1,023 982 994 891 887 936

Other services

451 234 310 234 244 226 228 193 230

Government

935 1,060 922 356 380 390 410 395 374

Federal

127 181 120 46 43 42 52 43 39

State and local

808 880 802 310 337 348 358 352 336

State and local education

313 307 330 155 156 178 171 169 169

State and local, excluding education

496 573 472 156 181 170 187 183 167




RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)


Total

7.0 6.5 6.3 4.4 4.0 3.9 4.0 3.7 3.7

Total private

7.5 6.9 6.7 4.8 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.0 4.1

Mining and logging

4.7 4.4 5.2 3.6 3.5 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.1

Construction

5.0 5.2 4.6 4.9 4.7 4.3 4.5 4.4 4.2

Manufacturing

6.9 6.1 5.5 3.9 3.1 3.3 3.3 2.9 3.0

Durable goods

6.4 5.8 5.8 3.5 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.5 2.5

Nondurable goods

7.7 6.6 4.9 4.5 3.7 4.1 4.1 3.5 3.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

6.6 5.3 5.4 4.8 4.3 4.3 4.5 4.2 4.1

Wholesale trade

5.7 4.0 4.6 3.0 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.3 2.4

Retail trade

6.3 5.1 5.3 5.6 4.8 4.7 5.4 4.8 4.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

8.0 6.9 6.4 4.7 4.6 4.7 3.7 4.6 4.2

Information

5.8 6.7 6.9 4.1 3.4 3.1 3.5 3.0 2.4

Financial activities

4.8 5.0 5.6 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.3

Finance and insurance

4.9 4.1 5.1 2.1 2.2 1.9 2.0 2.2 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

4.5 7.4 7.3 3.5 3.6 3.3 2.8 3.4 3.6

Professional and business services

8.6 8.0 7.4 6.1 5.1 5.0 5.1 4.6 4.8

Education and health services

8.1 8.5 8.1 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.0 2.9

Educational services

5.0 4.8 4.3 3.2 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.2

Health care and social assistance

8.6 9.1 8.7 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.1

Leisure and hospitality

10.0 9.1 9.0 8.0 7.2 7.1 7.0 6.5 6.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

8.0 8.4 8.0 7.3 6.8 5.8 6.4 6.2 5.7

Accommodation and food services

10.3 9.2 9.2 8.1 7.3 7.3 7.1 6.6 6.9

Other services

7.5 3.9 5.1 4.2 4.3 4.0 4.1 3.4 4.0

Government

4.1 4.5 4.0 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.7

Federal

4.2 5.9 4.0 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.5 1.4

State and local

4.0 4.3 4.0 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.7

State and local education

3.0 2.9 3.1 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6

State and local, excluding education

5.2 5.9 4.9 1.7 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.0 1.8

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, 
other separations, and total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as 
federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Industries are classified in 
accordance with the North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working.

Job Openings.  Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. 

A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active 
recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in 
newspapers, on television, or on the radio; posting Internet notices, posting “help wanted” signs, 
networking or making “word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; 
contacting employment agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or 
similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future, positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work, and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires.  Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations.  Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer including layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by 
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, layoffs and 
discharges, and other separations rates are computed similarly.

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 20,700 nonfarm business and government 
establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size class. The 
establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.4 million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of 
Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state unemployment insurance 
laws and federal agencies subject to the Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

Employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates 
of the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the 
levels for all other JOLTS data elements.

Birth/death model.  The time lag from the start up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance on the 
sampling frame is approximately one year. Also within the first year, new businesses may go out of business, 
referred to as a death. Because not all births and deaths of establishments can be reflected on the sampling frame 
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from them during their early 
existence. BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses establishment birth and death activity from previous 
years. The estimates of job openings, hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to the 
sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings, hires, and separations.

Alignment.  The JOLTS figure for hires minus separations can be used to derive a measure of net employment 
change. This change should be comparable to the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. 
However, definitional differences as well as sampling and non- sampling errors between the two surveys historically 
caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires 
and separations series, BLS implemented the monthly alignment method. There are four steps to this method: 
seasonally adjust, align, back out the seasonal adjustment factors, and re-seasonally adjust.

Seasonal adjustment.  BLS uses X-13 ARIMA for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal adjustment 
methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up 
to and including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models 
and REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally adjusted CES 
employment trends are applied to the seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trends (hires minus 
separations) forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Annual estimates.  The JOLTS estimates are revised annually to reflect annual updates to the CES employment 
estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors. The JOLTS employment levels (not published) are ratio-
adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. The 
seasonally adjusted data are recalculated for the most recent 5 years in order to reflect updated seasonal adjustment 
factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted JOLTS 
data series, for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the Current Employment 
Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This figure will be 
approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are 
published only for not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news release each year. Annual 
estimates are not calculated for job openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, measurement for the 
last business day of each month.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. Nonsampling error occurs when a sample 
is surveyed rather than the entire population. There is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true 
population values they represent. The difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample 
selected. This variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at 
the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an 
estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of 
sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons 
including: the failure to include a segment of the population; the inability to obtain data from all units in the sample; 
the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 
made in the collection or processing of the data; and errors from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay 
services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Oct.
2021
June
2022
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Oct.
2021
June
2022
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)

Total

11,094 11,040 11,170 10,280 10,687 10,334 7.0 6.8 6.8 6.3 6.5 6.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

10,158 10,054 10,065 9,240 9,627 9,412 7.5 7.2 7.2 6.6 6.9 6.7

Mining and logging

29 38 35 24 29 35 4.7 5.6 5.3 3.7 4.4 5.2

Construction

392 353 353 386 423 371 5.0 4.4 4.4 4.8 5.2 4.6

Manufacturing

923 850 910 846 835 746 6.9 6.2 6.6 6.2 6.1 5.5

Durable goods

529 558 530 514 490 495 6.4 6.6 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.8

Nondurable goods

394 293 380 332 346 251 7.7 5.7 7.2 6.4 6.6 4.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,968 1,653 1,778 1,576 1,620 1,644 6.6 5.4 5.8 5.2 5.3 5.4

Wholesale trade

345 276 278 342 243 283 5.7 4.5 4.5 5.5 4.0 4.6

Retail trade

1,038 885 946 792 855 879 6.3 5.3 5.6 4.8 5.1 5.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

585 492 554 442 521 482 8.0 6.5 7.3 5.9 6.9 6.4

Information

179 239 222 201 218 226 5.8 7.4 6.8 6.2 6.7 6.9

Financial activities

445 622 641 557 472 537 4.8 6.5 6.7 5.8 5.0 5.6

Finance and insurance

338 476 474 363 282 352 4.9 6.7 6.7 5.2 4.1 5.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

107 145 167 194 190 185 4.5 5.8 6.6 7.6 7.4 7.3

Professional and business services

2,043 2,127 1,991 1,812 1,940 1,794 8.6 8.7 8.2 7.5 8.0 7.4

Education and health services

2,097 2,222 2,165 2,168 2,277 2,172 8.1 8.4 8.1 8.1 8.5 8.1

Educational services

192 196 207 187 194 175 5.0 4.9 5.1 4.6 4.8 4.3

Health care and social assistance

1,905 2,026 1,958 1,981 2,083 1,997 8.6 9.0 8.7 8.7 9.1 8.7

Leisure and hospitality

1,632 1,494 1,516 1,397 1,578 1,578 10.0 8.7 8.8 8.1 9.1 9.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

184 152 203 193 213 204 8.0 6.2 8.1 7.7 8.4 8.0

Accommodation and food services

1,448 1,343 1,313 1,204 1,365 1,374 10.3 9.1 8.9 8.2 9.2 9.2

Other services

451 456 454 274 234 310 7.5 7.4 7.4 4.6 3.9 5.1

Government

935 986 1,104 1,040 1,060 922 4.1 4.2 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.0

Federal

127 114 158 139 181 120 4.2 3.8 5.2 4.6 5.9 4.0

State and local

808 872 946 900 880 802 4.0 4.3 4.7 4.4 4.3 4.0

State and local education

313 318 335 331 307 330 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.1

State and local, excluding education

496 554 611 569 573 472 5.2 5.8 6.3 5.9 5.9 4.9

REGION(3)

Northeast

1,777 1,870 1,776 1,634 1,670 1,665 6.3 6.5 6.1 5.7 5.8 5.8

South

4,269 4,330 4,322 4,092 4,227 4,017 7.2 7.1 7.1 6.7 6.9 6.6

Midwest

2,515 2,433 2,487 2,175 2,342 2,167 7.3 6.9 7.0 6.2 6.6 6.1

West

2,533 2,407 2,584 2,379 2,448 2,484 6.8 6.4 6.8 6.3 6.4 6.5

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Oct.
2021
June
2022
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Oct.
2021
June
2022
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)

Total

6,460 6,456 6,238 6,334 6,096 6,012 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.0 3.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

6,104 6,033 5,846 5,919 5,716 5,621 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.3

Mining and logging

21 30 25 20 22 20 3.6 4.8 4.0 3.3 3.5 3.2

Construction

362 352 384 349 359 332 4.9 4.6 5.0 4.5 4.7 4.3

Manufacturing

481 481 428 461 401 429 3.9 3.8 3.3 3.6 3.1 3.3

Durable goods

271 245 240 267 219 228 3.5 3.1 3.0 3.3 2.7 2.8

Nondurable goods

210 236 188 194 183 201 4.5 4.9 3.9 4.0 3.7 4.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,354 1,277 1,277 1,303 1,236 1,247 4.8 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.3

Wholesale trade

171 171 165 164 158 164 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.8

Retail trade

867 790 782 794 756 751 5.6 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.8 4.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

315 316 330 345 322 333 4.7 4.5 4.7 4.9 4.6 4.7

Information

119 116 101 106 102 93 4.1 3.9 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.1

Financial activities

218 210 223 233 234 204 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.3

Finance and insurance

137 145 148 158 148 127 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.2 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

80 65 76 75 86 77 3.5 2.8 3.2 3.2 3.6 3.3

Professional and business services

1,310 1,263 1,258 1,192 1,137 1,123 6.1 5.7 5.6 5.3 5.1 5.0

Education and health services

826 914 862 878 840 816 3.5 3.8 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.3

Educational services

118 111 103 105 96 96 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.5

Health care and social assistance

708 803 760 773 745 720 3.5 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.4

Leisure and hospitality

1,179 1,167 1,071 1,132 1,140 1,130 8.0 7.4 6.8 7.2 7.2 7.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

156 180 160 156 158 136 7.3 7.8 6.9 6.8 6.8 5.8

Accommodation and food services

1,023 987 911 976 982 994 8.1 7.4 6.8 7.3 7.3 7.3

Other services

234 221 217 244 244 226 4.2 3.9 3.8 4.3 4.3 4.0

Government

356 423 392 415 380 390 1.6 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.7

Federal

46 43 45 38 43 42 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.5

State and local

310 380 348 377 337 348 1.6 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.8

State and local education

155 193 169 185 156 178 1.5 1.9 1.6 1.8 1.5 1.7

State and local, excluding education

156 187 179 191 181 170 1.7 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.9

REGION(3)

Northeast

991 933 906 898 893 812 3.8 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.0

South

2,677 2,700 2,612 2,618 2,547 2,464 4.9 4.8 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.3

Midwest

1,342 1,373 1,328 1,397 1,268 1,289 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.2 3.8 3.9

West

1,450 1,450 1,393 1,422 1,388 1,447 4.2 4.1 3.9 4.0 3.9 4.1

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Oct.
2021
June
2022
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Oct.
2021
June
2022
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)

Total

5,852 6,009 5,794 6,058 5,665 5,683 4.0 4.0 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,442 5,619 5,450 5,692 5,270 5,309 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.4 4.0 4.1

Mining and logging

18 21 19 21 20 20 3.1 3.3 3.0 3.3 3.1 3.1

Construction

339 325 355 338 343 326 4.5 4.2 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.2

Manufacturing

417 446 414 417 374 390 3.3 3.5 3.2 3.2 2.9 3.0

Durable goods

224 239 226 231 203 205 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.5 2.5

Nondurable goods

193 207 188 186 170 186 4.1 4.3 3.9 3.8 3.5 3.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,262 1,194 1,199 1,319 1,212 1,195 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.6 4.2 4.1

Wholesale trade

162 161 153 152 136 144 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.3 2.4

Retail trade

847 746 743 803 752 757 5.4 4.7 4.7 5.1 4.8 4.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

253 287 303 364 324 294 3.7 4.1 4.3 5.1 4.6 4.2

Information

101 95 90 99 93 73 3.5 3.1 3.0 3.3 3.0 2.4

Financial activities

195 201 206 238 225 207 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.7 2.5 2.3

Finance and insurance

130 144 136 159 145 123 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.4 2.2 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

65 58 70 79 80 84 2.8 2.4 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.6

Professional and business services

1,095 1,229 1,220 1,115 1,043 1,070 5.1 5.5 5.5 5.0 4.6 4.8

Education and health services

759 806 737 777 737 728 3.2 3.3 3.0 3.2 3.0 2.9

Educational services

84 82 80 80 87 86 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.2

Health care and social assistance

674 723 657 696 650 642 3.3 3.5 3.2 3.4 3.1 3.1

Leisure and hospitality

1,028 1,074 1,006 1,144 1,032 1,070 7.0 6.9 6.4 7.3 6.5 6.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

137 156 159 159 145 134 6.4 6.8 6.9 6.9 6.2 5.7

Accommodation and food services

891 918 847 986 887 936 7.1 6.9 6.3 7.3 6.6 6.9

Other services

228 229 204 224 193 230 4.1 4.0 3.6 3.9 3.4 4.0

Government

410 390 344 365 395 374 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.7

Federal

52 47 40 40 43 39 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4

State and local

358 343 304 325 352 336 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.7

State and local education

171 169 150 159 169 169 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6

State and local, excluding education

187 174 153 166 183 167 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

872 845 870 879 789 756 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.2 2.9 2.8

South

2,431 2,619 2,447 2,645 2,346 2,404 4.4 4.6 4.3 4.7 4.1 4.2

Midwest

1,227 1,230 1,208 1,168 1,270 1,224 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.8 3.7

West

1,322 1,315 1,268 1,366 1,259 1,300 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.6

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Oct.
2021
June
2022
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Oct.
2021
June
2022
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)

Total

4,132 4,253 4,058 4,184 4,060 4,026 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,884 4,012 3,850 3,965 3,819 3,792 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9

Mining and logging

11 16 13 14 14 13 1.9 2.5 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.1

Construction

189 181 210 208 158 189 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.0 2.4

Manufacturing

295 327 287 286 250 268 2.4 2.6 2.2 2.2 1.9 2.1

Durable goods

154 173 161 159 135 141 2.0 2.2 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.8

Nondurable goods

141 154 127 127 115 127 3.0 3.2 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

964 933 869 940 908 904 3.4 3.3 3.0 3.3 3.2 3.1

Wholesale trade

112 121 90 96 101 101 2.0 2.1 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7

Retail trade

690 603 578 591 588 606 4.4 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

161 209 200 254 219 197 2.4 3.0 2.8 3.6 3.1 2.8

Information

59 62 44 56 57 28 2.0 2.1 1.5 1.8 1.9 0.9

Financial activities

120 142 156 149 156 154 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7

Finance and insurance

73 101 109 96 95 99 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

46 41 47 53 60 54 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.3

Professional and business services

720 763 776 671 707 655 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.0 3.1 2.9

Education and health services

582 609 534 580 558 567 2.4 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.3

Educational services

56 58 52 53 53 52 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4

Health care and social assistance

526 551 482 527 505 515 2.6 2.7 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.5

Leisure and hospitality

809 827 833 912 856 869 5.5 5.3 5.3 5.8 5.4 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

71 78 83 75 80 80 3.3 3.4 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.4

Accommodation and food services

738 749 750 837 776 789 5.9 5.6 5.6 6.2 5.7 5.8

Other services

136 151 127 150 155 144 2.5 2.7 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.5

Government

248 241 208 219 241 234 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.0

Federal

25 23 21 22 21 20 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7

State and local

223 218 187 196 220 214 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1

State and local education

104 110 97 99 107 107 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0

State and local, excluding education

119 108 90 97 113 108 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

585 543 581 588 539 514 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.0 1.9

South

1,731 1,963 1,746 1,890 1,734 1,759 3.1 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.0 3.1

Midwest

870 829 831 800 899 855 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.6

West

946 918 900 907 888 899 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.5

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Oct.
2021
June
2022
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Oct.
2021
June
2022
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)

Total

1,342 1,400 1,390 1,490 1,329 1,387 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,265 1,317 1,317 1,405 1,247 1,314 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0

Mining and logging

5 4 5 5 5 6 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9

Construction

138 135 134 120 173 134 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 2.2 1.7

Manufacturing

99 96 97 97 92 101 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8

Durable goods

54 49 46 51 46 50 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Nondurable goods

45 46 51 46 46 51 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

246 209 268 301 253 245 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9

Wholesale trade

43 34 48 42 24 36 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.6

Retail trade

130 117 139 174 149 124 0.8 0.7 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

72 58 81 85 80 86 1.1 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2

Information

31 27 34 38 31 39 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.3

Financial activities

37 38 30 58 52 39 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.4

Finance and insurance

20 25 12 35 37 21 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

17 13 18 23 16 19 0.7 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.8

Professional and business services

311 379 364 370 293 360 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.6

Education and health services

129 152 158 148 161 137 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6

Educational services

22 19 23 23 30 28 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.7

Health care and social assistance

107 133 135 124 131 109 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5

Leisure and hospitality

192 209 162 205 157 176 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

62 76 75 81 63 52 2.9 3.3 3.2 3.5 2.7 2.2

Accommodation and food services

130 133 87 124 94 124 1.0 1.0 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.9

Other services

76 69 66 64 30 76 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.5 1.3

Government

77 83 73 85 82 73 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3

Federal

10 7 6 7 9 6 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

State and local

67 76 68 78 73 66 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3

State and local education

33 34 30 35 36 33 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local, excluding education

34 42 37 43 38 33 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4

REGION(3)

Northeast

228 261 234 222 209 208 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

South

540 492 574 598 499 555 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.0

Midwest

284 334 323 301 318 299 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9

West

290 313 259 369 303 325 0.8 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.9

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Oct.
2021
June
2022
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Oct.
2021
June
2022
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)

Total

379 356 346 383 276 270 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

293 290 283 322 204 203 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging

2 1 1 2 1 0 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Construction

12 10 11 11 12 3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0

Manufacturing

23 22 30 34 31 22 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

16 16 19 21 22 14 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

Nondurable goods

7 6 11 13 9 8 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

53 52 62 78 51 45 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Wholesale trade

7 5 15 14 11 7 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Retail trade

26 26 25 38 15 27 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

20 21 22 26 25 11 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2

Information

11 5 12 5 5 6 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2

Financial activities

39 21 20 31 17 14 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2

Finance and insurance

37 18 15 28 13 3 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

2 3 5 3 4 11 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5

Professional and business services

64 87 81 75 42 55 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2

Education and health services

48 45 45 49 19 24 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Educational services

6 5 5 4 4 6 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2

Health care and social assistance

42 40 40 45 14 17 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Leisure and hospitality

26 38 11 28 18 24 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

4 2 1 3 2 1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services

23 36 10 25 17 23 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Other services

16 9 11 10 9 10 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Government

85 66 62 61 72 67 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal

18 17 13 11 13 12 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4

State and local

68 49 50 50 59 55 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local education

34 25 23 25 26 29 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

State and local, excluding education

34 24 26 26 33 26 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

59 41 55 69 41 34 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1

South

160 163 127 157 113 90 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Midwest

73 67 54 67 53 70 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

West

86 84 110 89 69 76 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment..
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Oct.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Oct.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)

Total

11,596 10,700 10,752 7.2 6.5 6.5

INDUSTRY

Total private

10,684 9,674 9,863 7.8 6.9 7.0

Mining and logging

30 29 35 4.9 4.3 5.2

Construction

402 409 377 5.0 4.9 4.6

Manufacturing

933 835 759 7.0 6.1 5.5

Durable goods

535 492 499 6.5 5.8 5.9

Nondurable goods

397 343 259 7.8 6.6 5.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

2,196 1,728 1,840 7.2 5.7 6.0

Wholesale trade

354 239 298 5.8 3.9 4.8

Retail trade

1,234 943 1,049 7.3 5.7 6.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

609 546 493 8.2 7.2 6.5

Information

185 230 235 6.0 7.0 7.1

Financial activities

477 463 570 5.1 4.9 6.0

Finance and insurance

366 277 387 5.3 4.0 5.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

111 186 183 4.6 7.2 7.2

Professional and business services

2,158 1,995 1,867 9.0 8.2 7.6

Education and health services

2,209 2,206 2,276 8.4 8.2 8.4

Educational services

206 180 182 5.1 4.5 4.3

Health care and social assistance

2,003 2,026 2,094 9.0 8.9 9.1

Leisure and hospitality

1,611 1,539 1,574 9.8 8.8 9.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

176 185 204 7.7 7.2 8.1

Accommodation and food services

1,436 1,354 1,370 10.2 9.1 9.2

Other services

482 240 331 8.0 4.0 5.4

Government

912 1,026 890 3.9 4.4 3.8

Federal

118 171 110 3.9 5.6 3.7

State and local

794 855 780 3.9 4.2 3.8

State and local education

303 275 310 2.8 2.6 2.8

State and local, excluding education

491 581 470 5.2 6.0 4.9

REGION(3)

Northeast

1,860 1,629 1,717 6.6 5.7 5.9

South

4,404 4,273 4,149 7.3 7.0 6.7

Midwest

2,675 2,381 2,282 7.6 6.7 6.4

West

2,657 2,416 2,604 7.1 6.3 6.7

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Oct.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Oct.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)

Total

6,948 6,164 6,354 4.7 4.0 4.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

6,605 5,697 5,986 5.2 4.4 4.5

Mining and logging

22 23 20 3.7 3.6 3.2

Construction

383 349 341 5.0 4.4 4.3

Manufacturing

487 404 432 3.9 3.1 3.3

Durable goods

273 217 226 3.5 2.7 2.8

Nondurable goods

214 187 206 4.5 3.8 4.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,650 1,226 1,514 5.9 4.3 5.3

Wholesale trade

187 161 177 3.3 2.7 3.0

Retail trade

1,010 723 859 6.5 4.6 5.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

452 342 479 6.7 4.9 6.7

Information

145 109 111 5.0 3.6 3.6

Financial activities

242 236 226 2.7 2.6 2.5

Finance and insurance

155 149 141 2.4 2.3 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

87 87 85 3.7 3.7 3.6

Professional and business services

1,408 1,084 1,160 6.4 4.8 5.1

Education and health services

913 907 879 3.8 3.7 3.5

Educational services

121 134 96 3.2 3.5 2.4

Health care and social assistance

792 773 783 3.9 3.7 3.7

Leisure and hospitality

1,123 1,118 1,077 7.6 7.0 6.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

137 129 109 6.5 5.4 4.7

Accommodation and food services

985 988 969 7.8 7.3 7.1

Other services

233 241 225 4.2 4.2 3.9

Government

344 466 368 1.5 2.1 1.6

Federal

49 47 46 1.7 1.6 1.6

State and local

294 420 322 1.5 2.1 1.6

State and local education

153 252 173 1.4 2.4 1.6

State and local, excluding education

141 167 150 1.6 1.8 1.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

1,041 942 827 3.9 3.5 3.0

South

2,905 2,541 2,626 5.2 4.4 4.6

Midwest

1,397 1,264 1,314 4.3 3.8 3.9

West

1,604 1,416 1,588 4.6 4.0 4.4

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Oct.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Oct.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)

Total

5,915 5,981 5,671 4.0 3.9 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,552 5,529 5,343 4.4 4.2 4.1

Mining and logging

20 19 22 3.4 3.0 3.4

Construction

376 351 357 4.9 4.5 4.5

Manufacturing

428 385 387 3.4 3.0 3.0

Durable goods

229 209 198 2.9 2.6 2.5

Nondurable goods

200 176 189 4.2 3.6 3.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,265 1,227 1,197 4.5 4.3 4.2

Wholesale trade

172 140 154 3.0 2.4 2.6

Retail trade

841 763 748 5.4 4.9 4.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

253 323 295 3.7 4.6 4.2

Information

99 91 75 3.4 3.0 2.5

Financial activities

188 221 200 2.1 2.5 2.2

Finance and insurance

120 138 108 1.8 2.1 1.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

68 83 93 3.0 3.5 3.9

Professional and business services

1,092 1,049 1,026 5.0 4.7 4.5

Education and health services

754 744 717 3.1 3.0 2.9

Educational services

65 83 65 1.7 2.1 1.6

Health care and social assistance

689 661 651 3.4 3.2 3.1

Leisure and hospitality

1,118 1,206 1,149 7.5 7.5 7.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

194 225 176 9.2 9.4 7.6

Accommodation and food services

924 982 973 7.3 7.2 7.2

Other services

211 235 213 3.8 4.1 3.7

Government

363 452 328 1.6 2.0 1.4

Federal

55 42 37 1.9 1.4 1.3

State and local

308 411 291 1.6 2.1 1.5

State and local education

125 158 126 1.2 1.5 1.2

State and local, excluding education

183 252 165 2.0 2.8 1.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

907 915 765 3.4 3.4 2.8

South

2,421 2,377 2,340 4.3 4.2 4.1

Midwest

1,252 1,367 1,264 3.9 4.1 3.8

West

1,335 1,322 1,302 3.8 3.7 3.6

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Oct.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Oct.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)

Total

4,220 4,285 4,045 2.8 2.8 2.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,000 4,026 3,840 3.2 3.1 2.9

Mining and logging

12 14 15 2.1 2.3 2.3

Construction

207 178 201 2.7 2.3 2.5

Manufacturing

303 263 263 2.4 2.0 2.0

Durable goods

156 145 133 2.0 1.8 1.7

Nondurable goods

147 118 131 3.1 2.4 2.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

993 940 925 3.5 3.3 3.2

Wholesale trade

120 106 109 2.1 1.8 1.8

Retail trade

706 606 622 4.5 3.9 3.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

167 228 194 2.5 3.2 2.7

Information

60 58 30 2.1 1.9 1.0

Financial activities

123 148 155 1.4 1.7 1.7

Finance and insurance

72 87 92 1.1 1.3 1.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

51 61 64 2.2 2.6 2.7

Professional and business services

748 736 653 3.4 3.3 2.9

Education and health services

604 565 586 2.5 2.3 2.3

Educational services

48 52 43 1.3 1.3 1.1

Health care and social assistance

556 514 543 2.8 2.5 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

814 943 873 5.5 5.9 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

73 104 83 3.5 4.4 3.6

Accommodation and food services

742 839 791 5.8 6.2 5.8

Other services

133 180 139 2.4 3.1 2.4

Government

220 259 204 1.0 1.2 0.9

Federal

27 21 17 0.9 0.7 0.6

State and local

193 238 187 1.0 1.2 0.9

State and local education

83 106 85 0.8 1.0 0.8

State and local, excluding education

111 132 102 1.2 1.5 1.1

REGION(3)

Northeast

601 594 520 2.3 2.2 1.9

South

1,757 1,754 1,731 3.2 3.1 3.0

Midwest

901 974 890 2.8 2.9 2.7

West

961 962 903 2.8 2.7 2.5

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Oct.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Oct.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)

Total

1,349 1,426 1,378 0.9 0.9 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,273 1,298 1,309 1.0 1.0 1.0

Mining and logging

6 4 7 1.0 0.7 1.1

Construction

156 160 153 2.0 2.0 1.9

Manufacturing

105 94 105 0.8 0.7 0.8

Durable goods

58 45 52 0.7 0.6 0.7

Nondurable goods

47 49 52 1.0 1.0 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

222 233 231 0.8 0.8 0.8

Wholesale trade

44 24 38 0.8 0.4 0.6

Retail trade

114 143 104 0.7 0.9 0.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

64 66 89 0.9 0.9 1.3

Information

29 27 41 1.0 0.9 1.3

Financial activities

31 56 31 0.4 0.6 0.3

Finance and insurance

15 39 13 0.2 0.6 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

16 17 18 0.7 0.7 0.8

Professional and business services

275 274 320 1.3 1.2 1.4

Education and health services

111 161 111 0.5 0.7 0.4

Educational services

13 28 17 0.3 0.7 0.4

Health care and social assistance

98 134 94 0.5 0.6 0.4

Leisure and hospitality

276 246 249 1.9 1.5 1.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

117 119 92 5.5 5.0 4.0

Accommodation and food services

159 127 157 1.3 0.9 1.2

Other services

62 42 62 1.1 0.7 1.1

Government

76 128 69 0.3 0.6 0.3

Federal

11 9 7 0.4 0.3 0.2

State and local

65 119 62 0.3 0.6 0.3

State and local education

22 31 21 0.2 0.3 0.2

State and local, excluding education

43 88 40 0.5 1.0 0.4

REGION(3)

Northeast

252 278 217 1.0 1.0 0.8

South

514 512 524 0.9 0.9 0.9

Midwest

288 337 308 0.9 1.0 0.9

West

295 299 328 0.8 0.8 0.9

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Oct.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Oct.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)

Total

347 270 248 0.2 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

279 205 193 0.2 0.2 0.1

Mining and logging

2 1 0 0.3 0.1 0.1

Construction

12 13 3 0.2 0.2 0.0

Manufacturing

20 29 19 0.2 0.2 0.1

Durable goods

15 19 13 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

5 10 6 0.1 0.2 0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

50 53 41 0.2 0.2 0.1

Wholesale trade

8 10 7 0.1 0.2 0.1

Retail trade

21 14 22 0.1 0.1 0.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

22 29 12 0.3 0.4 0.2

Information

10 5 4 0.3 0.2 0.1

Financial activities

34 17 14 0.4 0.2 0.2

Finance and insurance

33 12 3 0.5 0.2 0.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

1 5 11 0.0 0.2 0.5

Professional and business services

69 40 54 0.3 0.2 0.2

Education and health services

39 17 19 0.2 0.1 0.1

Educational services

4 3 5 0.1 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance

35 14 14 0.2 0.1 0.1

Leisure and hospitality

28 18 27 0.2 0.1 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

4 2 1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services

24 16 25 0.2 0.1 0.2

Other services

16 13 12 0.3 0.2 0.2

Government

67 66 55 0.3 0.3 0.2

Federal

18 12 12 0.6 0.4 0.4

State and local

50 54 43 0.3 0.3 0.2

State and local education

21 21 20 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding education

29 32 23 0.3 0.4 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

53 43 28 0.2 0.2 0.1

South

151 111 83 0.3 0.2 0.1

Midwest

64 55 66 0.2 0.2 0.2

West

79 62 70 0.2 0.2 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Last Modified Date: November 30, 2022