Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, December 9, 2025   USDL-25-1555
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                             JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – OCTOBER 2025

The number of job openings was unchanged at 7.7 million in October, the U.S. Bureau of Labor 
Statistics reported today. Over the month, both hires and total separations were little changed at 5.1 
million. Within separations, both quits (2.9 million) and layoffs and discharges (1.9 million) were little 
changed.  

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the 
total nonfarm sector, by industry, and by establishment size class. Job openings include all positions that 
are open on the last business day of the month. Hires and separations include all changes to the payroll 
during the entire month. 
       
Job Openings

The number and rate of job openings were unchanged at 7.7 million and 4.6 percent, respectively, in 
October. The number of job openings decreased in federal government (-25,000). (See table 1.)

Hires

In October, the number and rate of hires were little changed at 5.1 million and 3.2 percent, respectively. 
Hires were little changed in all industries. (See table 2.)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
|                                 Federal Government Shutdown                                         |
|												      |
|Publication of the September 2025 JOLTS news release was canceled due to a lapse in appropriations.  |
|September JOLTS estimates reported in this release include partial data that businesses self-reported| 
|electronically during the shutdown and data collected in November following the shutdown. Data       | 
|presented in this release for October 2025 were collected in November following the shutdown as      |
|originally planned.                                                                                  |
|                                                                                                     |
|Additionally, BLS temporarily suspended use of the monthly alignment methodology for October 2025    |
|preliminary estimates; use of this methodology will resume with the publication of October 2025 final| 
|estimates. See technical note for information on JOLTS alignment methodology.                        |
|                                                                                                     |
|Subsequent JOLTS data releases will be delayed. Revised release dates will be posted at              |
|www.bls.gov/bls/2025-lapse-revised-release-dates.htm as they become available.                       |
|_____________________________________________________________________________________________________|

Separations 

Total separations include quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 
voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 
workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 
by the employer. Other separations include separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 
to other locations of the same firm.

In October, the number and rate of total separations were little changed at 5.1 million and 3.2 percent, 
respectively. The number of total separations decreased in health care and social assistance (-111,000) 
and in federal government (-34,000). (See table 3.)

In October, the number and rate of quits were little changed at 2.9 million and 1.8 percent, respectively. 
The number of quits was down by 276,000 over the year. In October, the number of quits decreased in 
accommodation and food services (-136,000), health care and social assistance (-114,000), and federal 
government (-25,000). Quits in federal government in September saw a series high of 46,000. In 
October, quits increased in arts, entertainment, and recreation (+38,000) and in information (+21,000). 
(See table 4.)

The number and rate of layoffs and discharges in October were little changed at 1.9 million and 1.2 
percent, respectively. Layoffs and discharges increased in accommodation and food services (+130,000) 
and in state and local government, excluding education (+23,000). (See table 5.)

The number of other separations decreased to 255,000 (-99,000) in October. (See table 6.)

Establishment Size Class

In October, establishments with 1 to 9 employees showed little change in job openings, hires, and 
separations rates. The quits rate increased in establishments with 5,000 or more employees, while the job 
openings, hires, layoffs and discharges, and total separations rates showed little change. (See table 7.)
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for November 2025 are scheduled to be 
released on Wednesday, January 7, 2026, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). 
     

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category	Job openings			Hires			Total separations
	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)
LEVELS BY INDUSTRY (in thousands)
Total	7,615	7,658	7,670	5,350	5,367	5,149	5,285	5,264	5,050
Total private	6,715	6,871	6,894	4,987	5,021	4,796	4,975	4,898	4,708
Mining and logging	23	23	20	19	18	20	21	20	19
Construction	249	231	213	323	355	313	310	340	266
Manufacturing	455	385	410	320	320	306	332	327	329
Durable goods	311	256	280	161	188	187	171	191	191
Nondurable goods	144	129	130	158	132	119	161	136	138
Trade, transportation, and utilities	927	1,124	1,363	1,065	956	970	1,058	904	968
Wholesale trade	151	153	205	144	126	121	138	122	137
Retail trade	467	620	762	624	576	571	619	516	571
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	308	352	396	298	254	278	301	266	259
Information	188	203	173	69	76	72	75	81	102
Financial activities	460	449	359	185	219	207	192	219	183
Finance and insurance	286	293	224	114	156	144	121	155	126
Real estate and rental and leasing	174	156	135	71	62	64	71	64	57
Professional and business services	1,358	1,502	1,388	968	1,030	951	1,043	1,122	1,052
Private education and health services	1,606	1,512	1,558	857	915	819	780	828	718
Private educational services	147	138	134	82	89	87	84	91	92
Health care and social assistance	1,459	1,375	1,424	774	826	731	695	737	626
Leisure and hospitality	1,166	1,181	1,159	935	957	905	928	887	908
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	98	162	173	170	169	164	169	133	161
Accommodation and food services	1,068	1,019	986	765	788	741	759	754	747
Other services	283	260	252	246	174	232	236	170	163
Government	900	787	775	362	346	353	310	365	342
Federal	142	114	89	31	23	22	29	80	46
State and local	758	673	686	332	323	331	281	285	296
State and local education	256	262	251	168	164	171	154	141	138
State and local, excluding education	502	411	435	164	159	160	127	145	158
RATES BY INDUSTRY (percent)
Total	4.6	4.6	4.6	3.4	3.4	3.2	3.3	3.3	3.2
Total private	4.7	4.8	4.8	3.7	3.7	3.5	3.7	3.6	3.5
Mining and logging	3.6	3.7	3.2	3.1	3.0	3.2	3.4	3.3	3.1
Construction	2.9	2.7	2.5	3.9	4.3	3.8	3.7	4.1	3.2
Manufacturing	3.4	2.9	3.1	2.5	2.5	2.4	2.6	2.6	2.6
Durable goods	3.8	3.1	3.4	2.0	2.4	2.4	2.2	2.4	2.4
Nondurable goods	2.9	2.6	2.6	3.3	2.7	2.5	3.3	2.8	2.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	3.1	3.7	4.5	3.7	3.3	3.3	3.7	3.1	3.3
Wholesale trade	2.4	2.4	3.2	2.3	2.0	2.0	2.2	2.0	2.2
Retail trade	2.9	3.8	4.7	4.0	3.7	3.7	4.0	3.3	3.7
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	4.1	4.6	5.1	4.1	3.5	3.8	4.1	3.6	3.5
Information	6.0	6.5	5.6	2.4	2.6	2.5	2.6	2.8	3.5
Financial activities	4.8	4.6	3.7	2.0	2.4	2.2	2.1	2.4	2.0
Finance and insurance	4.1	4.2	3.2	1.7	2.3	2.1	1.8	2.3	1.9
Real estate and rental and leasing	6.6	5.9	5.1	2.9	2.5	2.6	2.9	2.6	2.3
Professional and business services	5.7	6.3	5.8	4.3	4.6	4.2	4.6	5.0	4.7
Private education and health services	5.7	5.2	5.4	3.2	3.3	3.0	2.9	3.0	2.6
Private educational services	3.6	3.3	3.2	2.1	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.3	2.3
Health care and social assistance	6.0	5.5	5.7	3.4	3.5	3.1	3.1	3.1	2.7
Leisure and hospitality	6.5	6.5	6.3	5.5	5.6	5.3	5.5	5.2	5.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	3.6	5.6	5.9	6.5	6.2	6.0	6.4	4.9	5.9
Accommodation and food services	7.0	6.6	6.4	5.4	5.5	5.2	5.3	5.2	5.2
Other services	4.5	4.1	4.0	4.1	2.9	3.8	3.9	2.8	2.7
Government	3.7	3.2	3.2	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.3	1.5	1.5
Federal	4.5	3.8	3.0	1.0	0.8	0.8	1.0	2.7	1.6
State and local	3.6	3.2	3.2	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.4	1.4	1.4
State and local education	2.3	2.4	2.3	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.4	1.3	1.3
State and local, excluding education	4.9	4.0	4.2	1.7	1.6	1.6	1.3	1.5	1.6
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other 
separations, and total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian 
federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Starting with data for 
January 2023, industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 
leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month.

A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions:
* A specific position exists, and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or 
part-time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal.
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that 
time.
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active 
recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in 
newspapers, on television, or on the radio; posting internet notices, posting “help wanted” signs, 
networking or making “word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; 
contacting employment agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or 
similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future; positions for which employees 
have been hired but have not yet reported for work; and positions to be filled by employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed by 
dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings—that is, all filled and unfilled 
jobs—and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily, with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer, including layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability, and deaths.
Excluded from separations measures are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; and employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is 
computed by dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, 
layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are computed similarly.

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business and 
government establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size 
class.

The sampling frame is made up of establishments from two sources: the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) 
Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages program (QCEW) and the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). 
The QCEW database contains establishments that cover approximately 95 percent of nonfarm payroll jobs in the 
United States. This database is a compilation of administrative data from state unemployment insurance (UI) 
programs and federal government establishments covered by the Unemployment Compensation for Federal 
Employees (UCFE) program. A frame of railroad establishments is provided by the FRA. This is added to the 
QCEW database to complete the JOLTS sampling frame. 

The JOLTS estimation method involves the following processes: unit nonresponse adjustment, item 
nonresponse adjustment, monthly benchmarking and estimation, automatic outlier detection, birth and death model 
estimation, estimates review and outlier selection, alignment, seasonal adjustment, and variance estimates. 
Establishment size class levels are also produced. Detailed information about the estimation method can be found in 
the Handbook of Methods at https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/jlt/home.htm.

Monthly benchmarking is the process through which the JOLTS weighted employment for each estimation cell 
is adjusted. JOLTS estimation cells are benchmarked monthly to the current employment level from the BLS 
Current Employment Statistics (CES) program. The sampled weight is benchmarked to ensure that JOLTS weighted 
employment is equal to CES employment.

Birth/death model. The time lag from the start up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance on the 
sampling frame is approximately one year. In addition, many new establishments fail within the first year, referred 
to as a death. Because new and short-lived universe establishments cannot be reflected in the sampling frame 
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from these establishments 
during their early existence. BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses establishment birth and death activity 
from previous years as collected by the QCEW and projects forward to the present using over-the-year change in the 
CES. The birth/death model also uses historical JOLTS data to calculate the amount of churn (meaning the rates of 
hires and separations) that exists in establishments of various sizes. The model then combines the calculated churn 
with the projected employment change to estimate the number of hires and separations that take place in these 
establishments that cannot be measured through sampling. The estimates of job openings, hires, and separations 
produced by the birth/death model are added to the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the 
estimates for job openings, hires, and separations.

Alignment. The JOLTS figure for hires minus separations can be used to derive a measure of net employment 
change. This change should be comparable to the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. 
However, definitional differences between the two surveys, as well as sampling and nonsampling errors, historically 
caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the divergence and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires 
and separations series, BLS implemented the monthly alignment method. There are four steps to this method: 
seasonally adjust, align, back out the seasonal adjustment factors, and seasonally adjust again.

Seasonal adjustment. After alignment, the seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) is used to 
seasonally adjust the JOLTS series. Each month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology uses all relevant 
data, up to and including the current month, to calculate new seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are used 
as seasonal filters in seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative 
models, as well as regression with autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to improve the seasonal 
adjustment factors at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. 

Annual estimates and benchmarking. The JOLTS estimates are revised annually with the issuance of data for 
January. Five years of data are subject to revision. The revised estimates incorporate: 1) benchmarks based on CES 
employment estimates newly benchmarked to QCEW, 2) revised seasonal adjustment factors, and 3) any needed 
special adjustments.

The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are 
applied to all JOLTS data elements.

The seasonally adjusted estimates are recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect updated seasonal 
adjustment factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally 
adjusted JOLTS data series for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels.

Annual average levels for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published monthly levels 
by 12. 

Annual average rates for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are 
calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published levels for each data element by the sum of the 12 
monthly CES published employment levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Annual average rates for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published 
levels by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment levels plus the sum of the 12 monthly job openings 
levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of error: sampling error and nonsampling error.

Sampling error can result when a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a chance that 
the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling 
error, varies with the sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent chance 
that the true population mean will fall into the interval created by the sample mean plus or minus 1.65 standard 
errors. Estimates of median standard errors are released monthly as part of the significant change tables on the 
JOLTS webpage. Standard errors are updated annually with the most recent 5 years of data. Sampling error 
estimates are available at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the 
inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from 
the employment benchmark data used in estimation. The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures to reduce 
nonsampling error in the survey’s design.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications 
relay services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Oct. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Change from: Sept. 2025 - Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Change from: Sept. 2025 - Oct. 2025(p)
Total	7,615	7,208	7,227	7,658	7,670	12	4.6	4.3	4.3	4.6	4.6	0.0
INDUSTRY
Total private	6,715	6,401	6,457	6,871	6,894	23	4.7	4.5	4.5	4.8	4.8	0.0
Mining and logging	23	14	20	23	20	-3	3.6	2.2	3.1	3.7	3.2	-0.5
Construction	249	303	188	231	213	-18	2.9	3.5	2.2	2.7	2.5	-0.2
Manufacturing	455	438	409	385	410	25	3.4	3.3	3.1	2.9	3.1	0.2
Durable goods	311	262	259	256	280	24	3.8	3.2	3.2	3.1	3.4	0.3
Nondurable goods	144	176	150	129	130	1	2.9	3.5	3.0	2.6	2.6	0.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	927	1,096	1,149	1,124	1,363	239	3.1	3.6	3.8	3.7	4.5	0.8
Wholesale trade	151	194	191	153	205	52	2.4	3.1	3.0	2.4	3.2	0.8
Retail trade	467	548	603	620	762	142	2.9	3.4	3.7	3.8	4.7	0.9
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	308	353	355	352	396	44	4.1	4.6	4.6	4.6	5.1	0.5
Information	188	180	172	203	173	-30	6.0	5.8	5.5	6.5	5.6	-0.9
Financial activities	460	404	390	449	359	-90	4.8	4.2	4.0	4.6	3.7	-0.9
Finance and insurance	286	305	282	293	224	-69	4.1	4.3	4.0	4.2	3.2	-1.0
Real estate and rental and leasing	174	99	108	156	135	-21	6.6	3.8	4.2	5.9	5.1	-0.8
Professional and business services	1,358	1,274	1,235	1,502	1,388	-114	5.7	5.3	5.2	6.3	5.8	-0.5
Private education and health services	1,606	1,429	1,523	1,512	1,558	46	5.7	5.0	5.3	5.2	5.4	0.2
Private educational services	147	131	145	138	134	-4	3.6	3.2	3.5	3.3	3.2	-0.1
Health care and social assistance	1,459	1,297	1,378	1,375	1,424	49	6.0	5.3	5.5	5.5	5.7	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	1,166	995	1,092	1,181	1,159	-22	6.5	5.5	6.0	6.5	6.3	-0.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	98	115	106	162	173	11	3.6	4.1	3.8	5.6	5.9	0.3
Accommodation and food services	1,068	880	986	1,019	986	-33	7.0	5.8	6.4	6.6	6.4	-0.2
Other services	283	267	280	260	252	-8	4.5	4.2	4.4	4.1	4.0	-0.1
Government	900	807	770	787	775	-12	3.7	3.3	3.2	3.2	3.2	0.0
Federal	142	138	77	114	89	-25	4.5	4.5	2.6	3.8	3.0	-0.8
State and local	758	668	693	673	686	13	3.6	3.1	3.2	3.2	3.2	0.0
State and local education	256	246	247	262	251	-11	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.4	2.3	-0.1
State and local, excluding education	502	423	446	411	435	24	4.9	4.1	4.4	4.0	4.2	0.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	1,191	1,271	1,205	1,289	1,254	-35	4.1	4.3	4.1	4.4	4.2	-0.2
South	3,111	2,782	2,868	3,159	3,236	77	5.0	4.4	4.6	5.0	5.1	0.1
Midwest	1,664	1,604	1,648	1,656	1,614	-42	4.7	4.5	4.7	4.7	4.6	-0.1
West	1,649	1,552	1,506	1,554	1,566	12	4.3	4.0	3.9	4.0	4.0	0.0
Footnotes (1) The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Oct. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Change from: Sept. 2025 - Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Change from: Sept. 2025 - Oct. 2025(p)
Total	5,350	5,240	5,126	5,367	5,149	-218	3.4	3.3	3.2	3.4	3.2	-0.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,987	4,918	4,805	5,021	4,796	-225	3.7	3.6	3.5	3.7	3.5	-0.2
Mining and logging	19	17	19	18	20	2	3.1	2.8	3.2	3.0	3.2	0.2
Construction	323	331	353	355	313	-42	3.9	4.0	4.3	4.3	3.8	-0.5
Manufacturing	320	301	305	320	306	-14	2.5	2.4	2.4	2.5	2.4	-0.1
Durable goods	161	170	171	188	187	-1	2.0	2.2	2.2	2.4	2.4	0.0
Nondurable goods	158	131	134	132	119	-13	3.3	2.7	2.8	2.7	2.5	-0.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,065	1,017	926	956	970	14	3.7	3.5	3.2	3.3	3.3	0.0
Wholesale trade	144	162	119	126	121	-5	2.3	2.6	1.9	2.0	2.0	0.0
Retail trade	624	583	572	576	571	-5	4.0	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.7	0.0
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	298	272	235	254	278	24	4.1	3.7	3.2	3.5	3.8	0.3
Information	69	86	77	76	72	-4	2.4	2.9	2.6	2.6	2.5	-0.1
Financial activities	185	209	212	219	207	-12	2.0	2.3	2.3	2.4	2.2	-0.2
Finance and insurance	114	147	148	156	144	-12	1.7	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.1	-0.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	71	62	64	62	64	2	2.9	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.6	0.1
Professional and business services	968	1,032	1,015	1,030	951	-79	4.3	4.6	4.5	4.6	4.2	-0.4
Private education and health services	857	781	779	915	819	-96	3.2	2.8	2.8	3.3	3.0	-0.3
Private educational services	82	92	90	89	87	-2	2.1	2.3	2.3	2.2	2.2	0.0
Health care and social assistance	774	689	689	826	731	-95	3.4	2.9	2.9	3.5	3.1	-0.4
Leisure and hospitality	935	948	917	957	905	-52	5.5	5.6	5.4	5.6	5.3	-0.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	170	150	169	169	164	-5	6.5	5.5	6.2	6.2	6.0	-0.2
Accommodation and food services	765	798	748	788	741	-47	5.4	5.6	5.2	5.5	5.2	-0.3
Other services	246	195	201	174	232	58	4.1	3.2	3.3	2.9	3.8	0.9
Government	362	321	321	346	353	7	1.5	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.5	0.0
Federal	31	24	24	23	22	-1	1.0	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.0
State and local	332	297	297	323	331	8	1.6	1.4	1.4	1.6	1.6	0.0
State and local education	168	159	144	164	171	7	1.6	1.5	1.3	1.5	1.6	0.1
State and local, excluding education	164	138	153	159	160	1	1.7	1.4	1.6	1.6	1.6	0.0
REGION(3)
Northeast	838	793	819	869	850	-19	3.0	2.8	2.9	3.1	3.0	-0.1
South	2,241	2,091	1,994	1,950	1,910	-40	3.8	3.5	3.3	3.2	3.2	0.0
Midwest	1,146	1,130	1,111	1,250	1,171	-79	3.4	3.3	3.3	3.7	3.5	-0.2
West	1,124	1,226	1,202	1,299	1,219	-80	3.0	3.3	3.2	3.5	3.3	-0.2
Footnotes (1) The hires level is the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Oct. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Change from: Sept. 2025 - Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Change from: Sept. 2025 - Oct. 2025(p)
Total	5,285	5,221	5,111	5,264	5,050	-214	3.3	3.3	3.2	3.3	3.2	-0.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,975	4,907	4,781	4,898	4,708	-190	3.7	3.6	3.5	3.6	3.5	-0.1
Mining and logging	21	21	23	20	19	-1	3.4	3.5	3.8	3.3	3.1	-0.2
Construction	310	316	351	340	266	-74	3.7	3.8	4.2	4.1	3.2	-0.9
Manufacturing	332	306	313	327	329	2	2.6	2.4	2.5	2.6	2.6	0.0
Durable goods	171	171	181	191	191	0	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.4	0.0
Nondurable goods	161	135	132	136	138	2	3.3	2.8	2.7	2.8	2.9	0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,058	1,026	946	904	968	64	3.7	3.5	3.3	3.1	3.3	0.2
Wholesale trade	138	176	127	122	137	15	2.2	2.9	2.1	2.0	2.2	0.2
Retail trade	619	582	580	516	571	55	4.0	3.7	3.7	3.3	3.7	0.4
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	301	268	239	266	259	-7	4.1	3.6	3.3	3.6	3.5	-0.1
Information	75	91	85	81	102	21	2.6	3.1	2.9	2.8	3.5	0.7
Financial activities	192	213	210	219	183	-36	2.1	2.3	2.3	2.4	2.0	-0.4
Finance and insurance	121	150	149	155	126	-29	1.8	2.2	2.2	2.3	1.9	-0.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	71	63	61	64	57	-7	2.9	2.5	2.4	2.6	2.3	-0.3
Professional and business services	1,043	1,059	1,076	1,122	1,052	-70	4.6	4.7	4.8	5.0	4.7	-0.3
Private education and health services	780	699	763	828	718	-110	2.9	2.5	2.8	3.0	2.6	-0.4
Private educational services	84	90	96	91	92	1	2.1	2.2	2.4	2.3	2.3	0.0
Health care and social assistance	695	609	667	737	626	-111	3.1	2.6	2.8	3.1	2.7	-0.4
Leisure and hospitality	928	979	817	887	908	21	5.5	5.7	4.8	5.2	5.3	0.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	169	180	132	133	161	28	6.4	6.7	4.8	4.9	5.9	1.0
Accommodation and food services	759	799	686	754	747	-7	5.3	5.6	4.8	5.2	5.2	0.0
Other services	236	198	197	170	163	-7	3.9	3.3	3.3	2.8	2.7	-0.1
Government	310	315	331	365	342	-23	1.3	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.5	0.0
Federal	29	34	35	80	46	-34	1.0	1.2	1.2	2.7	1.6	-1.1
State and local	281	280	296	285	296	11	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4	0.0
State and local education	154	146	135	141	138	-3	1.4	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.3	0.0
State and local, excluding education	127	134	161	145	158	13	1.3	1.4	1.6	1.5	1.6	0.1
REGION(3)
Northeast	713	839	864	850	896	46	2.5	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.2	0.2
South	2,213	2,030	1,926	1,980	1,775	-205	3.7	3.4	3.2	3.3	3.0	-0.3
Midwest	1,107	1,114	1,124	1,145	1,170	25	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.4	3.5	0.1
West	1,251	1,238	1,198	1,288	1,209	-79	3.4	3.3	3.2	3.4	3.2	-0.2
Footnotes (1) The total separations level is the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Oct. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Change from: Sept. 2025 - Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Change from: Sept. 2025 - Oct. 2025(p)
Total	3,217	3,166	3,091	3,128	2,941	-187	2.0	2.0	1.9	2.0	1.8	-0.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	3,045	2,984	2,908	2,918	2,767	-151	2.3	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.0	-0.1
Mining and logging	10	14	14	13	12	-1	1.7	2.3	2.3	2.1	1.9	-0.2
Construction	135	90	146	136	120	-16	1.6	1.1	1.8	1.6	1.4	-0.2
Manufacturing	197	175	172	189	187	-2	1.5	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.5	0.0
Durable goods	108	103	101	110	106	-4	1.4	1.3	1.3	1.4	1.4	0.0
Nondurable goods	89	72	71	80	80	0	1.8	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.7	0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	650	611	610	560	633	73	2.2	2.1	2.1	1.9	2.2	0.3
Wholesale trade	81	94	82	83	97	14	1.3	1.5	1.3	1.3	1.6	0.3
Retail trade	399	375	398	317	395	78	2.6	2.4	2.6	2.0	2.5	0.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	169	142	130	159	141	-18	2.3	1.9	1.8	2.2	1.9	-0.3
Information	36	40	40	28	49	21	1.2	1.4	1.4	1.0	1.7	0.7
Financial activities	104	133	114	135	113	-22	1.1	1.4	1.2	1.5	1.2	-0.3
Finance and insurance	65	96	82	96	69	-27	1.0	1.4	1.2	1.4	1.0	-0.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	39	37	32	39	44	5	1.6	1.5	1.3	1.6	1.8	0.2
Professional and business services	558	595	574	571	564	-7	2.5	2.6	2.5	2.5	2.5	0.0
Private education and health services	539	492	557	565	459	-106	2.0	1.8	2.0	2.1	1.7	-0.4
Private educational services	50	60	57	47	55	8	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.2	1.4	0.2
Health care and social assistance	489	432	500	517	403	-114	2.1	1.8	2.1	2.2	1.7	-0.5
Leisure and hospitality	643	722	560	618	521	-97	3.8	4.2	3.3	3.6	3.0	-0.6
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	79	58	36	20	58	38	3.0	2.2	1.3	0.7	2.1	1.4
Accommodation and food services	565	664	524	598	462	-136	4.0	4.6	3.7	4.2	3.2	-1.0
Other services	173	112	122	102	110	8	2.9	1.9	2.0	1.7	1.8	0.1
Government	173	181	183	211	174	-37	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.7	-0.2
Federal	14	14	18	46	21	-25	0.5	0.5	0.6	1.6	0.7	-0.9
State and local	158	168	165	164	153	-11	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.7	-0.1
State and local education	91	91	80	85	83	-2	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.0
State and local, excluding education	67	77	85	79	70	-9	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.7	-0.1
REGION(3)
Northeast	434	444	390	435	463	28	1.5	1.6	1.4	1.5	1.6	0.1
South	1,291	1,299	1,292	1,336	1,118	-218	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.2	1.9	-0.3
Midwest	722	672	655	699	700	1	2.2	2.0	1.9	2.1	2.1	0.0
West	770	751	754	658	660	2	2.1	2.0	2.0	1.8	1.8	0.0
Footnotes (1) The quits level is the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Oct. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Change from: Sept. 2025 - Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Change from: Sept. 2025 - Oct. 2025(p)
Total	1,788	1,787	1,725	1,781	1,854	73	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.2	0.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,706	1,711	1,644	1,702	1,755	53	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.3	0.0
Mining and logging	9	6	9	7	6	-1	1.5	1.0	1.4	1.1	0.9	-0.2
Construction	153	212	183	197	129	-68	1.9	2.6	2.2	2.4	1.6	-0.8
Manufacturing	113	116	121	117	127	10	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.1
Durable goods	51	60	66	69	76	7	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.9	1.0	0.1
Nondurable goods	62	56	55	48	51	3	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.1	0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	367	353	290	290	308	18	1.3	1.2	1.0	1.0	1.1	0.1
Wholesale trade	45	74	38	28	33	5	0.7	1.2	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.0
Retail trade	198	169	149	168	167	-1	1.3	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.1	0.0
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	123	110	102	94	108	14	1.7	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.5	0.2
Information	34	43	38	48	48	0	1.2	1.5	1.3	1.6	1.6	0.0
Financial activities	64	58	72	57	42	-15	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.6	0.5	-0.1
Finance and insurance	40	35	44	36	33	-3	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.0
Real estate and rental and leasing	25	23	28	21	10	-11	1.0	0.9	1.1	0.8	0.4	-0.4
Professional and business services	438	418	452	469	464	-5	1.9	1.9	2.0	2.1	2.1	0.0
Private education and health services	192	184	180	208	217	9	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.0
Private educational services	29	27	31	31	33	2	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.0
Health care and social assistance	164	156	149	177	184	7	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.0
Leisure and hospitality	276	242	234	254	371	117	1.6	1.4	1.4	1.5	2.2	0.7
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	85	120	92	110	97	-13	3.2	4.4	3.4	4.0	3.6	-0.4
Accommodation and food services	191	122	142	144	274	130	1.3	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.9	0.9
Other services	59	77	66	55	43	-12	1.0	1.3	1.1	0.9	0.7	-0.2
Government	82	76	81	80	99	19	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.1
Federal	6	10	6	7	5	-2	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
State and local	76	66	75	73	94	21	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.1
State and local education	44	33	29	34	31	-3	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.0
State and local, excluding education	32	33	46	39	62	23	0.3	0.3	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	222	341	412	351	390	39	0.8	1.2	1.5	1.2	1.4	0.2
South	815	659	558	528	581	53	1.4	1.1	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.1
Midwest	332	381	406	385	412	27	1.0	1.1	1.2	1.1	1.2	0.1
West	418	405	349	517	472	-45	1.1	1.1	0.9	1.4	1.3	-0.1
Footnotes (1) The layoffs and discharges level is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Oct. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Change from: Sept. 2025 - Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Change from: Sept. 2025 - Oct. 2025(p)
Total	280	269	295	354	255	-99	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
INDUSTRY
Total private	224	212	228	278	186	-92	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Mining and logging	2	1	0	1	2	1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.2
Construction	21	14	22	7	16	9	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.1
Manufacturing	23	15	20	21	15	-6	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Durable goods	12	8	14	12	9	-3	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Nondurable goods	10	7	6	8	7	-1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	42	61	46	54	27	-27	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Wholesale trade	11	7	6	10	7	-3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Retail trade	22	38	32	30	9	-21	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	9	16	7	13	11	-2	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Information	6	8	7	5	5	0	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Financial activities	24	21	25	27	28	1	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.0
Finance and insurance	17	18	24	23	24	1	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.1
Real estate and rental and leasing	7	3	1	4	4	0	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Professional and business services	47	46	51	82	25	-57	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.1	-0.3
Private education and health services	48	23	25	55	43	-12	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.0
Private educational services	5	3	8	12	4	-8	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.1	-0.2
Health care and social assistance	43	20	17	43	39	-4	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.0
Leisure and hospitality	8	14	24	15	16	1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	5	2	4	3	6	3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1
Accommodation and food services	3	12	20	12	11	-1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other services	4	9	9	13	9	-4	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Government	56	57	67	75	69	-6	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.0
Federal	9	10	11	27	20	-7	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.9	0.7	-0.2
State and local	47	47	56	48	49	1	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.0
State and local education	19	23	26	21	24	3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
State and local, excluding education	27	24	30	27	25	-2	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.0
REGION(3)
Northeast	57	55	62	63	44	-19	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
South	106	72	76	116	76	-40	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Midwest	52	60	62	62	59	-3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
West	64	82	95	113	77	-36	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.2	-0.1
Footnotes (1) The other separations level is the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 7. Job openings, hires, and separations levels and rates by establishment size class, seasonally adjusted

Establishment size class	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Oct. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Change from: Sept. 2025 - Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Change from: Sept. 2025 - Oct. 2025(p)
JOB OPENINGS
Total private	6,715	6,401	6,457	6,871	6,894	23	4.7	4.5	4.5	4.8	4.8	0.0
1 to 9 employees	1,389	1,259	1,215	1,381	1,362	-19	5.9	5.5	5.4	5.8	5.6	-0.2
10 to 49 employees	2,078	2,027	1,987	2,094	2,172	78	4.7	4.7	4.6	4.7	4.9	0.2
50 to 249 employees	1,862	1,687	1,871	1,907	1,738	-169	4.5	3.8	4.2	4.4	4.1	-0.3
250 to 999 employees	733	793	771	828	937	109	3.9	4.0	4.0	4.6	4.9	0.3
1,000 to 4,999 employees	447	450	444	467	494	27	4.8	5.3	5.3	5.5	5.4	-0.1
5,000 or more employees	207	185	170	193	191	-2	4.4	4.3	3.9	4.3	4.5	0.2
HIRES
Total private	4,987	4,918	4,805	5,021	4,796	-225	3.7	3.6	3.5	3.7	3.5	-0.2
1 to 9 employees	757	831	704	696	696	0	3.4	3.8	3.3	3.1	3.0	-0.1
10 to 49 employees	1,635	1,529	1,612	1,642	1,668	26	3.9	3.7	3.9	3.9	4.0	0.1
50 to 249 employees	1,600	1,613	1,583	1,727	1,447	-280	4.1	3.8	3.7	4.1	3.6	-0.5
250 to 999 employees	638	610	595	641	666	25	3.5	3.2	3.2	3.7	3.7	0.0
1,000 to 4,999 employees	280	266	242	247	263	16	3.2	3.3	3.0	3.1	3.0	-0.1
5,000 or more employees	76	69	69	69	57	-12	1.7	1.7	1.6	1.6	1.4	-0.2
TOTAL SEPARATIONS
Total private	4,975	4,907	4,781	4,898	4,708	-190	3.7	3.6	3.5	3.6	3.5	-0.1
1 to 9 employees	795	724	714	826	684	-142	3.6	3.3	3.4	3.7	3.0	-0.7
10 to 49 employees	1,654	1,570	1,612	1,443	1,525	82	3.9	3.8	3.9	3.4	3.6	0.2
50 to 249 employees	1,545	1,646	1,540	1,659	1,579	-80	4.0	3.9	3.6	4.0	3.9	-0.1
250 to 999 employees	625	641	647	658	612	-46	3.4	3.4	3.5	3.8	3.4	-0.4
1,000 to 4,999 employees	288	261	204	257	247	-10	3.3	3.2	2.6	3.2	2.8	-0.4
5,000 or more employees	69	65	64	56	61	5	1.5	1.6	1.5	1.3	1.5	0.2
QUITS
Total private	3,045	2,984	2,908	2,918	2,767	-151	2.3	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.0	-0.1
1 to 9 employees	381	373	349	401	330	-71	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.4	-0.4
10 to 49 employees	1,073	1,021	1,047	890	925	35	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.1	2.2	0.1
50 to 249 employees	1,021	1,034	1,012	1,087	984	-103	2.6	2.5	2.4	2.6	2.4	-0.2
250 to 999 employees	369	385	351	378	368	-10	2.0	2.0	1.9	2.2	2.0	-0.2
1,000 to 4,999 employees	157	135	115	133	125	-8	1.8	1.7	1.4	1.7	1.4	-0.3
5,000 or more employees	44	36	34	29	35	6	1.0	0.9	0.8	0.7	0.9	0.2
LAYOFFS AND DISCHARGES
Total private	1,706	1,711	1,644	1,702	1,755	53	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.3	0.0
1 to 9 employees	386	329	312	333	317	-16	1.8	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.4	-0.1
10 to 49 employees	514	454	472	461	527	66	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.3	0.2
50 to 249 employees	455	571	486	526	559	33	1.2	1.4	1.1	1.3	1.4	0.1
250 to 999 employees	221	222	276	254	222	-32	1.2	1.2	1.5	1.5	1.2	-0.3
1,000 to 4,999 employees	113	113	77	108	109	1	1.3	1.4	1.0	1.3	1.3	0.0
5,000 or more employees	18	21	21	19	21	2	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.1
OTHER SEPARATIONS
Total private	224	212	228	278	186	-92	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
1 to 9 employees	28	21	54	91	37	-54	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.2	-0.2
10 to 49 employees	66	95	92	92	73	-19	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
50 to 249 employees	69	41	42	45	36	-9	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0
250 to 999 employees	35	34	21	27	22	-5	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	-0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees	19	13	12	15	13	-2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
5,000 or more employees	8	8	9	8	5	-3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Establishment size class data are produced for the total private sector only. NOTE: The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. The levels for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month. The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. The rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month as percent of employment. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 8. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)
Total	8,097	7,677	8,179	4.8	4.6	4.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	7,234	6,911	7,438	5.1	4.8	5.2
Mining and logging	25	23	21	3.8	3.6	3.3
Construction	267	226	227	3.1	2.6	2.6
Manufacturing	463	385	420	3.5	2.9	3.2
Durable goods	314	255	287	3.8	3.1	3.5
Nondurable goods	150	130	134	3.0	2.6	2.7
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,043	1,195	1,520	3.5	4.0	5.0
Wholesale trade	151	145	209	2.4	2.3	3.3
Retail trade	577	694	886	3.6	4.3	5.4
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	315	356	426	4.1	4.7	5.5
Information	191	210	173	6.1	6.7	5.6
Financial activities	493	449	390	5.1	4.6	4.1
Finance and insurance	293	297	215	4.2	4.2	3.1
Real estate and rental and leasing	199	151	175	7.4	5.7	6.5
Professional and business services	1,535	1,557	1,584	6.3	6.5	6.6
Private education and health services	1,740	1,434	1,664	6.1	5.0	5.7
Private educational services	160	128	141	3.7	3.1	3.4
Health care and social assistance	1,581	1,306	1,523	6.5	5.3	6.1
Leisure and hospitality	1,201	1,173	1,203	6.7	6.4	6.5
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	85	147	184	3.2	5.1	6.2
Accommodation and food services	1,116	1,026	1,019	7.3	6.6	6.6
Other services	275	259	234	4.4	4.1	3.7
Government	863	765	741	3.5	3.1	3.0
Federal	135	112	83	4.3	3.7	2.8
State and local	728	653	658	3.4	3.1	3.1
State and local education	247	248	238	2.2	2.2	2.1
State and local, excluding education	481	404	420	4.7	4.0	4.1
REGION(3)
Northeast	1,246	1,270	1,289	4.2	4.3	4.3
South	3,254	3,207	3,434	5.1	5.1	5.4
Midwest	1,738	1,675	1,671	4.9	4.7	4.7
West	1,858	1,524	1,786	4.7	3.9	4.6
Footnotes (1) The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 9. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)
Total	5,757	5,433	5,485	3.6	3.4	3.4
INDUSTRY
Total private	5,425	5,032	5,154	4.0	3.7	3.8
Mining and logging	20	18	20	3.1	3.0	3.2
Construction	328	344	306	3.9	4.1	3.6
Manufacturing	324	337	305	2.5	2.7	2.4
Durable goods	159	199	182	2.0	2.5	2.3
Nondurable goods	165	139	123	3.4	2.9	2.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,326	927	1,217	4.6	3.2	4.2
Wholesale trade	153	121	125	2.5	2.0	2.0
Retail trade	733	554	673	4.7	3.6	4.4
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	440	251	419	6.0	3.4	5.7
Information	77	83	79	2.6	2.8	2.7
Financial activities	191	225	208	2.1	2.4	2.3
Finance and insurance	120	163	145	1.8	2.4	2.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	72	61	64	2.9	2.5	2.5
Professional and business services	1,060	1,024	1,008	4.7	4.5	4.5
Private education and health services	942	949	906	3.5	3.5	3.3
Private educational services	87	116	89	2.1	2.9	2.2
Health care and social assistance	855	833	817	3.7	3.6	3.5
Leisure and hospitality	907	946	867	5.4	5.5	5.0
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	133	131	128	5.1	4.7	4.6
Accommodation and food services	774	815	739	5.4	5.7	5.1
Other services	250	179	237	4.2	3.0	3.9
Government	333	401	331	1.4	1.7	1.4
Federal	31	25	22	1.0	0.9	0.8
State and local	301	376	309	1.4	1.8	1.5
State and local education	157	232	166	1.4	2.1	1.5
State and local, excluding education	145	144	143	1.5	1.5	1.5
REGION(3)
Northeast	864	921	873	3.1	3.2	3.1
South	2,433	1,941	2,041	4.1	3.2	3.4
Midwest	1,198	1,220	1,225	3.6	3.6	3.6
West	1,262	1,350	1,346	3.4	3.6	3.6
Footnotes (1) The hires level is the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 10. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)
Total	5,374	5,537	5,181	3.4	3.5	3.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	5,108	5,139	4,882	3.8	3.8	3.6
Mining and logging	22	19	18	3.5	3.1	3.0
Construction	349	335	288	4.1	4.0	3.4
Manufacturing	332	333	340	2.6	2.6	2.7
Durable goods	160	195	185	2.0	2.5	2.4
Nondurable goods	172	138	155	3.5	2.8	3.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,024	849	949	3.5	2.9	3.3
Wholesale trade	127	109	130	2.1	1.8	2.1
Retail trade	590	505	553	3.8	3.3	3.6
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	308	236	266	4.2	3.2	3.7
Information	71	75	97	2.4	2.6	3.3
Financial activities	187	221	177	2.0	2.4	1.9
Finance and insurance	113	158	115	1.7	2.4	1.7
Real estate and rental and leasing	74	63	62	3.0	2.5	2.5
Professional and business services	1,043	1,114	1,080	4.6	4.9	4.8
Private education and health services	781	819	727	2.9	3.0	2.6
Private educational services	64	89	70	1.5	2.2	1.8
Health care and social assistance	717	731	656	3.1	3.1	2.8
Leisure and hospitality	1,075	1,192	1,051	6.4	6.9	6.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	217	318	215	8.3	11.5	7.8
Accommodation and food services	858	873	836	6.0	6.1	5.8
Other services	226	181	154	3.8	3.0	2.6
Government	267	398	299	1.1	1.7	1.3
Federal	30	81	45	1.0	2.8	1.6
State and local	237	317	254	1.1	1.5	1.2
State and local education	109	120	97	1.0	1.1	0.9
State and local, excluding education	128	197	157	1.3	2.0	1.6
REGION(3)
Northeast	718	997	903	2.5	3.5	3.2
South	2,225	2,040	1,801	3.7	3.4	3.0
Midwest	1,122	1,219	1,213	3.3	3.6	3.6
West	1,309	1,281	1,264	3.5	3.4	3.4
Footnotes (1) The total separations level is the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 11. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)
Total	3,295	3,245	3,010	2.1	2.0	1.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	3,143	3,029	2,860	2.3	2.2	2.1
Mining and logging	11	13	12	1.7	2.1	1.9
Construction	145	127	120	1.7	1.5	1.4
Manufacturing	195	195	189	1.5	1.5	1.5
Durable goods	101	113	100	1.3	1.4	1.3
Nondurable goods	94	82	89	1.9	1.7	1.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities	660	555	648	2.3	1.9	2.2
Wholesale trade	71	70	91	1.1	1.1	1.5
Retail trade	407	330	407	2.6	2.1	2.6
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	182	155	150	2.5	2.1	2.1
Information	35	29	51	1.2	1.0	1.7
Financial activities	99	136	106	1.1	1.5	1.1
Finance and insurance	60	99	60	0.9	1.5	0.9
Real estate and rental and leasing	39	37	46	1.6	1.5	1.8
Professional and business services	586	590	607	2.6	2.6	2.7
Private education and health services	564	550	480	2.1	2.0	1.7
Private educational services	41	44	45	1.0	1.1	1.1
Health care and social assistance	523	506	435	2.3	2.2	1.9
Leisure and hospitality	680	726	542	4.0	4.2	3.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	81	52	59	3.1	1.9	2.1
Accommodation and food services	599	674	483	4.2	4.7	3.4
Other services	168	108	106	2.8	1.8	1.8
Government	152	216	150	0.6	0.9	0.6
Federal	14	47	22	0.5	1.6	0.8
State and local	137	170	129	0.7	0.8	0.6
State and local education	69	78	62	0.6	0.7	0.6
State and local, excluding education	69	92	66	0.7	0.9	0.7
REGION(3)
Northeast	436	480	467	1.5	1.7	1.6
South	1,323	1,355	1,151	2.2	2.3	1.9
Midwest	749	738	735	2.2	2.2	2.2
West	787	672	657	2.1	1.8	1.8
Footnotes (1) The quits level is the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 12. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)
Total	1,829	1,960	1,939	1.1	1.2	1.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,757	1,846	1,842	1.3	1.4	1.4
Mining and logging	9	5	5	1.5	0.9	0.9
Construction	182	200	151	2.2	2.4	1.8
Manufacturing	116	118	138	0.9	0.9	1.1
Durable goods	48	71	78	0.6	0.9	1.0
Nondurable goods	68	47	61	1.4	1.0	1.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	325	240	275	1.1	0.8	1.0
Wholesale trade	45	27	32	0.7	0.4	0.5
Retail trade	164	148	138	1.1	1.0	0.9
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	116	66	105	1.6	0.9	1.4
Information	29	41	41	1.0	1.4	1.4
Financial activities	68	55	44	0.7	0.6	0.5
Finance and insurance	37	34	31	0.6	0.5	0.5
Real estate and rental and leasing	31	21	12	1.2	0.8	0.5
Professional and business services	414	456	449	1.8	2.0	2.0
Private education and health services	177	221	210	0.7	0.8	0.8
Private educational services	19	33	22	0.5	0.8	0.6
Health care and social assistance	158	188	188	0.7	0.8	0.8
Leisure and hospitality	382	453	488	2.3	2.6	2.8
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	130	264	149	5.0	9.5	5.4
Accommodation and food services	252	189	338	1.8	1.3	2.3
Other services	54	56	40	0.9	0.9	0.7
Government	72	114	97	0.3	0.5	0.4
Federal	7	7	6	0.2	0.2	0.2
State and local	65	107	91	0.3	0.5	0.4
State and local education	29	28	22	0.3	0.3	0.2
State and local, excluding education	36	79	69	0.4	0.8	0.7
REGION(3)
Northeast	232	457	400	0.8	1.6	1.4
South	796	582	572	1.3	1.0	1.0
Midwest	331	424	429	1.0	1.3	1.3
West	469	497	538	1.3	1.3	1.4
Footnotes (1) The layoffs and discharges level is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 13. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)
Total	251	331	231	0.2	0.2	0.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	208	264	180	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mining and logging	1	1	1	0.2	0.1	0.2
Construction	21	8	17	0.2	0.1	0.2
Manufacturing	21	20	13	0.2	0.2	0.1
Durable goods	11	11	7	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nondurable goods	10	9	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	39	54	27	0.1	0.2	0.1
Wholesale trade	11	12	7	0.2	0.2	0.1
Retail trade	18	28	8	0.1	0.2	0.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	10	14	11	0.1	0.2	0.2
Information	6	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Financial activities	20	30	27	0.2	0.3	0.3
Finance and insurance	16	25	24	0.2	0.4	0.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	5	5	3	0.2	0.2	0.1
Professional and business services	44	68	24	0.2	0.3	0.1
Private education and health services	40	48	37	0.2	0.2	0.1
Private educational services	4	11	3	0.1	0.3	0.1
Health care and social assistance	36	37	34	0.2	0.2	0.1
Leisure and hospitality	12	13	21	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	5	3	7	0.2	0.1	0.2
Accommodation and food services	6	10	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Other services	3	17	8	0.1	0.3	0.1
Government	42	67	52	0.2	0.3	0.2
Federal	8	27	17	0.3	0.9	0.6
State and local	34	41	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
State and local education	11	14	13	0.1	0.1	0.1
State and local, excluding education	24	26	22	0.2	0.3	0.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	50	59	36	0.2	0.2	0.1
South	105	103	78	0.2	0.2	0.1
Midwest	43	57	49	0.1	0.2	0.1
West	53	112	69	0.1	0.3	0.2
Footnotes (1) The other separations level is the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 14. Job openings, hires, and separations levels and rates by establishment size class, not seasonally adjusted

Establishment size class	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Oct. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)
JOB OPENINGS
Total private	7,234	6,911	7,438	5.1	4.8	5.2
1 to 9 employees	1,674	1,385	1,675	7.1	5.8	6.8
10 to 49 employees	2,213	2,087	2,348	4.9	4.7	5.3
50 to 249 employees	1,906	1,962	1,750	4.6	4.5	4.2
250 to 999 employees	755	820	951	4.0	4.5	5.0
1,000 to 4,999 employees	475	470	523	5.1	5.5	5.7
5,000 or more employees	210	189	191	4.4	4.2	4.5
HIRES
Total private	5,425	5,032	5,154	4.0	3.7	3.8
1 to 9 employees	907	620	813	4.1	2.7	3.5
10 to 49 employees	1,658	1,638	1,681	3.9	3.9	4.0
50 to 249 employees	1,675	1,758	1,491	4.3	4.2	3.7
250 to 999 employees	735	666	762	4.0	3.9	4.2
1,000 to 4,999 employees	366	273	346	4.1	3.4	4.0
5,000 or more employees	83	78	60	1.8	1.8	1.5
TOTAL SEPARATIONS
Total private	5,108	5,139	4,882	3.8	3.8	3.6
1 to 9 employees	834	831	730	3.8	3.7	3.2
10 to 49 employees	1,705	1,542	1,603	4.0	3.7	3.8
50 to 249 employees	1,564	1,773	1,609	4.0	4.2	4.0
250 to 999 employees	644	697	631	3.5	4.0	3.5
1,000 to 4,999 employees	293	243	247	3.3	3.0	2.8
5,000 or more employees	67	53	62	1.5	1.2	1.6
QUITS
Total private	3,143	3,029	2,860	2.3	2.2	2.1
1 to 9 employees	427	382	357	1.9	1.7	1.6
10 to 49 employees	1,101	963	957	2.6	2.3	2.3
50 to 249 employees	1,019	1,140	981	2.6	2.7	2.4
250 to 999 employees	386	389	395	2.1	2.3	2.2
1,000 to 4,999 employees	166	127	131	1.9	1.6	1.5
5,000 or more employees	44	28	40	1.0	0.6	1.0
LAYOFFS AND DISCHARGES
Total private	1,757	1,846	1,842	1.3	1.4	1.4
1 to 9 employees	385	363	339	1.7	1.6	1.5
10 to 49 employees	545	494	579	1.3	1.2	1.4
50 to 249 employees	481	589	592	1.2	1.4	1.5
250 to 999 employees	221	283	210	1.2	1.6	1.2
1,000 to 4,999 employees	109	100	104	1.2	1.2	1.2
5,000 or more employees	16	17	17	0.3	0.4	0.4
OTHER SEPARATIONS
Total private	208	264	180	0.2	0.2	0.1
1 to 9 employees	23	86	34	0.1	0.4	0.1
10 to 49 employees	59	86	67	0.1	0.2	0.2
50 to 249 employees	64	45	36	0.2	0.1	0.1
250 to 999 employees	37	26	25	0.2	0.1	0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees	18	15	12	0.2	0.2	0.1
5,000 or more employees	8	7	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Establishment size class data are produced for the total private sector only. NOTE: The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. The levels for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month. The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. The rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month as percent of employment. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.