For release 10:00 a.m. (EST) Wednesday, November 9, 2011 USDL-11-1611
Technical information: (202) 691-6392 * mlsinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/mls
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov
EXTENDED MASS LAYOFFS -- THIRD QUARTER 2011
Employers in the private nonfarm sector initiated 1,226 mass layoff events in the third
quarter of 2011 that resulted in the separation of 184,493 workers from their jobs for
at least 31 days, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Total extended
mass layoff events decreased over the year from 1,370 to 1,226, and associated worker
separations fell from 222,357 to 184,493. Events and separations reached their lowest
third quarter levels since 2007. Both events and separations have decreased over the
year for eight consecutive quarters. (See table A.) Third quarter 2011 layoff data are
preliminary and are subject to revision. (See the Technical Note.)
Both events and separations in the manufacturing sector declined to series’ lows during
the third quarter of 2011. Fifty percent of private nonfarm employers indicated they
anticipated some type of recall, up from 45 percent a year earlier.
The national unemployment rate averaged 9.1 percent, not seasonally adjusted, in the
third quarter of 2011, down from 9.5 percent a year earlier. Private nonfarm payroll
employment, not seasonally adjusted, increased by 1.7 percent (1,826,000) over the
year.
Industry Distribution of Extended Layoffs
Over the year ending in the third quarter of 2011, the number of extended mass
layoff events declined in 13 of the 18 major private nonfarm industry sectors. The
transportation and warehousing and the accommodation and food services sectors
experienced the largest declines in the numbers of worker separations over the year.
Eight of the 21 manufacturing subsectors experienced over-the-year decreases in
the number of layoff events. (See table 1.)
Both events and separations in the manufacturing sector were at series’ lows in the
third quarter of 2011. Thirty-eight percent of manufacturing employers with an extended
mass layoff event in the third quarter of 2011 anticipated recalling at least some of
the displaced workers.
Administrative and waste service firms had 198 extended mass layoff events and 33,584
separations, primarily due to contract completion. This sector accounted for 16 percent
of the layoff events and 18 percent of the related separations in the third quarter. In
these events, 55 percent of the employers anticipated recalling at least some of the
displaced workers.
Table A. Selected measures of extended mass layoff activity
Period Layoff events Separations Initial claimants
2007
January-March .......... 1,110 225,600 199,250
April-June ............. 1,421 278,719 259,234
July-September ......... 1,018 160,024 173,077
October-December ....... 1,814 301,592 347,151
2008
January-March .......... 1,340 230,098 259,292
April-June ............. 1,756 354,713 339,630
July-September ......... 1,581 290,453 304,340
October-December ....... 3,582 641,714 766,780
2009
January-March .......... 3,979 705,141 835,551
April-June ............. 3,395 651,318 731,049
July-September ......... 2,034 345,531 406,823
October-December ....... 2,416 406,212 468,577
2010
January-March .......... 1,870 314,512 368,664
April-June ............. 2,008 381,622 396,441
July-September (r) ..... 1,370 222,357 260,077
October-December (r) ... 1,999 338,643 390,575
2011
January-March (r) ...... 1,490 225,456 258,134
April-June (r) ......... 1,810 317,422 341,245
July-September (p) ..... 1,226 184,493 181,777
r = revised.
p = preliminary.
Reasons for Extended Layoffs
Business demand factors accounted for 47 percent of the events and related separations
in the private nonfarm sector during the third quarter of 2011, primarily as a result
of contract completion. Layoffs due to the completion of seasonal work accounted for
23 percent of extended mass layoff events and 21 percent of related separations during
the quarter. Over the year, the largest decrease in worker separations occurred in
layoffs attributed to seasonal factors. (See table 2.)
Movement of Work
In the third quarter of 2011, 35 extended mass layoffs involved movement of work and
were associated with 6,216 worker separations, a series low for both figures. Over
the year, the number of such events decreased by 16, and the number of separations
decreased by 1,337. Movement of work layoffs accounted for 4 percent of total
nonseasonal events during the quarter. (See table 9.)
Table B. Metropolitan areas with the largest number of initial claimants associated with
extended mass layoff events in the third quarter 2011, by residency of claimants
2010 III (r) 2011 III (p)
Metropolitan area Initial Initial
claimants Rank claimants Rank
Total, 372 metropolitan areas ........ 222,829 --- 157,035 ---
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, Calif. ..... 37,587 1 38,676 1
New York-Northern New Jersey-Long
Island, N.Y.-N.J.-Pa. .................... 35,827 2 12,704 2
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, Calif. ..... 10,865 3 8,645 3
San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, Calif. ........ 9,408 4 6,877 4
San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, Calif. ........ 6,879 6 5,244 5
Chicago-Joliet-Naperville, Ill.-Ind.-Wis. .... 7,010 5 4,985 6
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, Calif. ....... 3,881 9 3,151 7
Sacramento--Arden-Arcade--Roseville, Calif. .. 4,346 7 2,546 8
Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, Calif. ......... 1,887 18 2,300 9
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, Pa.- N.J.-
Del.-Md. ................................. 3,757 10 2,203 10
r = revised.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: The geographic boundaries of the metropolitan areas shown in this table are
defined in Office of Management and Budget Bulletin 10-02, December 1, 2009.
Fifty-seven percent of the events related to movement of work were from manufacturing
industries. (See table 6.) Employers cited organizational changes as the economic
reason for layoff in 31 percent of the events involving movement of work. (See
table 7.) Among workers affected by the movement of work, the largest proportion was
in the South. (See table 8.)
The 35 events with movement of work for the third quarter involved 49 identifiable
relocations of work actions. (See table 9.) Employers were able to provide information
on the specific number of worker separations for 28 of these actions. Among these
actions, 93 percent were domestic reassignments, and 82 percent involved work moving
within the same company. (See table 10.)
Recall Expectations
Fifty percent of the private nonfarm employers reporting an extended mass layoff in
the third quarter of 2011 indicated they anticipated some type of recall, up from 45
percent a year earlier. Of those employers expecting to recall workers, 29 percent
indicated the offer would be extended to all displaced employees, and 61 percent of
employers anticipated extending the offer to at least half of the workers--both
percentages reached third quarter series’ lows. Among employers expecting to recall
laid-off workers, a series low 58 percent intend to do so within 6 months. Excluding
extended mass layoff events due to seasonal work and vacation period, in which 98 percent
of the employers expected a recall, employers anticipated recalling laid-off workers in
36 percent of the events. (See table 11.)
Size of Extended Layoffs
The average size of a layoff (as measured by the number of separations per layoff
event) was 150 workers during the third quarter of 2011. (See table 12.) Events were
largely concentrated at the lower end of the extended layoff-size spectrum, with 73
percent involving fewer than 150 workers. Conversely, only 4 percent of layoff events
involved 500 or more workers. (See table 13.)
Initial Claimant Characteristics
A total of 181,777 initial claimants for unemployment insurance were associated with
extended mass layoffs in the third quarter. Of these claimants, 15 percent were black,
22 percent were Hispanic, 41 percent were women, and 19 percent were 55 years of age
or older. (See table 3.) In the entire civilian labor force for the same period, 12
percent of all persons were black, 15 percent were Hispanic, 47 percent were women, and
20 percent were 55 years of age or older.
Geographic Distribution
Among the four census regions, the West recorded the highest number of separations due
to extended mass layoff events in the third quarter of 2011. Among the nine census
divisions, the highest numbers of displaced workers were in the Pacific. Three of the
4 regions and 8 of the 9 divisions registered fewer laid-off workers compared with the
third quarter of 2010. (See table 4.)
California recorded the largest number of worker separations in the third quarter of
2011, followed by New York and Illinois. Over the year, 28 states reported decreased
numbers of separated workers associated with extended mass layoff events during the
third quarter, led by New York and Florida. New York accounted for 53 percent of the
total over-the-year decline in worker separations. (See table 5.)
Eighty-six percent of the initial claimants for unemployment insurance associated with
extended mass layoff events in the third quarter of 2011 resided within metropolitan
areas. Among the 372 metropolitan areas, Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, Calif.,
reported the highest number of resident initial claimants. New York-Northern New Jersey-
Long Island, N.Y.-N.J.-Pa., accounted for 35 percent of the total over-the-year decline
in metropolitan area resident initial claims. Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, Calif., entered
into the highest 10 metropolitan areas in terms of initial claims by residency of claimant
during the quarter, replacing Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, Fla., from the previous
year. (See table B.)
Note
The quarterly series on extended mass layoffs cover layoffs of at least 31-days duration
that involve 50 or more individuals from a single employer filing initial claims for
unemployment insurance during a consecutive 5-week period. Approximately 30 days after a
mass layoff is triggered, the employer is contacted for additional information. Data for
the current quarter are preliminary and subject to revision. This release also includes
revised data for previous quarters. Data are not seasonally adjusted, but survey data
suggest that there is a seasonal pattern to layoffs. Thus, comparisons between consecutive
quarters should not be used as an indicator of trend. For additional information about the
program, see the Technical Note.
________________
The Mass Layoffs news release for October is scheduled to be released on Tuesday,
November 22, 2011, at 10:00 a.m. (EST).
Technical Note
The Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program is a federal-state program which
identifies, describes, and tracks the effects of major job cutbacks, using
data from each state's unemployment insurance database. Employers which have
at least 50 initial claims filed against them during a consecutive 5-week per-
iod are contacted by the state agency to determine whether these separations
are of at least 31 days duration, and, if so, information is obtained on the
total number of persons separated and the reasons for these separations. Em-
ployers are identified according to industry classification and location, and
unemployment insurance claimants are identified by such demographic factors as
age, race, gender, ethnic group, and place of residence. The program yields
information on an individual's entire spell of unemployment, to the point when
regular unemployment insurance benefits are exhausted.
Definitions
Domestic relocation. A movement of work from an establishment within the
U.S. to a location also inside the U.S., either within the same company or to
a different company altogether (domestic outsourcing).
Employer. A firm covered by state unemployment insurance laws. Information
on employers is obtained from the Quarterly Census ofEmployment and Wages (QCEW)
program, which is administered by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
Extended mass layoff event. A layoff defined by the filing of 50 or more
initial claims for unemployment insurance benefits from an employer during a
5-week period, with at least 50 workers separated for more than 30 days. Such
layoffs involve both persons subject to recall and those who are terminated.
Initial claimant. A person who files any notice of unemployment to initiate
a request either for a determination of entitlement to and eligibility for com-
pensation, or for a subsequent period of unemployment within a benefit year or
period of eligibility.
Movement of work. The reassignment of work activities previously performed
at the worksite by the company experiencing the layoff (1) to another worksite
within the company; (2) to another company under formal contractual arrange-
ments at the same worksite; or (3) to another company under formal contractual
arrangements at another worksite either within or outside of the U.S.
Outsourcing. A movement of work that was formerly conducted inhouse by em-
ployees paid directly by a company to a different company under a contractual
arrangement.
Overseas relocation. A movement of work from an establishment within the
U.S. to a location outside of the U.S. (offshoring), either within the same
company or to a different company altogether (offshore outsourcing).
Relocation of work action. A movement-of-work action where the employer
provides information on the new location of work and/or the number of workers
affected by the movement. Events may involve more than one action per employer
if work is moved to more than one location.
Separations. The number of individuals who have become displaced during an
extended mass layoff event as provided by the employer, regardless of whether
they file for unemployment insurance or not.
Worksite closure. The complete closure of an employer or the partial closure
of an employer with multiple locations where entire worksites affected by layoffs
are closed.
Revisions to preliminary data
The latest quarterly data in this news release are considered preliminary.
After the initial publication of quarterly information, more data are collected
as remaining employer interviews for the quarter are completed and additional
initial claimant information associated with extended layoff events is received.
Movement of work concepts and questions
Beginning in 2004, the economic reasons "domestic relocation" and "overseas
relocation" were replaced by the movement of work concept. The movement of work
data are not collected in the same way as the relocation reasons in releases prior
to 2004; therefore, the movement of work data are not comparable to the data for
those discontinued reasons.
Questions on movement of work and location are asked for all layoff events when
the reason for separation is other than "seasonal work" or "vacation period," as
these are unlikely. Movement of work questions are asked after the analyst veri-
fies that a layoff in fact occurred and lasted more than 30 days. If the reason
for layoff is other than seasonal or vacation, the employer was asked the following:
(1) "Did this layoff include your company moving work from this location(s)
to a different geographic location(s) within your company?"
(2) "Did this layoff include your company moving work that was performed in-
house by your employees to a different company, through contractual arrangements?"
A "yes" response to either question is followed by:
"Is the location inside or outside of the U.S.?" and "How many of the layoffs
were a result of this relocation?"
Layoff actions are classified as "domestic relocation" if the employer responds
"yes" to questions 1 and/or 2 and indicates the location(s) was inside the U.S.;
"overseas relocation" indicates that the location(s) was outside the U.S.
Reliability of the data
The identification of employers and layoff events in the MLS program and asso-
ciated characteristics of claimants is based on administrative data on covered
employers and unemployment insurance claims, and, therefore, is not subject to
issues associated with sampling error. Nonsampling errors such as typographical
errors may occur but are not likely to be significant. While the MLS employers
and layoff events are not subject to sampling error, and all such employers are
asked the interview questions, the employer responses are subject to nonsampling
error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the inability to
obtain information for all respondents, inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide correct information, and errors made in the collection or processing
of the data. For the third quarter of 2011, outright refusal to participate in
the employer interview accounted for 3.6 percent of all private nonfarm events.
Although included in the total number of instances involving the movement of work,
employers in 21 relocations were unable to provide the number of separations
specifically associated with the movement of work, 5 of which involved out-of-
country moves.
Additional information
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired in-
dividuals upon request. Voice phone: (202)691-5200; Federal Relay Service:
(800) 877-8339.
Table 1. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance,
private nonfarm sector, selected quarters, 2010 and 2011
Initial claimants for
Layoff events Separations unemployment insurance
Industry
III II III III II III III II III
2010 2011r 2011p 2010 2011r 2011p 2010r 2011r 2011p
Total, private nonfarm (1) ................. 1,370 1,810 1,226 222,357 317,422 184,493 260,077 341,245 181,777
Mining ....................................... 4 (2) (2) 1,067 (2) (2) 774 (2) (2)
Utilities .................................... 4 (2) - 535 (2) - 649 (2) -
Construction ................................. 210 237 188 21,251 29,631 21,275 31,957 37,768 20,477
Manufacturing ................................ 265 263 231 39,171 40,023 36,271 47,128 47,049 32,498
Food .................................... 63 66 63 9,692 9,804 10,990 13,206 11,255 8,282
Beverage and tobacco products ........... 4 (2) 5 344 (2) 807 495 (2) 827
Textile mills ........................... - 3 4 - 446 541 - 2,488 807
Textile product mills ................... (2) 3 3 (2) 201 368 (2) 380 383
Apparel ................................. 10 11 5 1,541 3,373 1,203 1,783 3,625 1,312
Leather and allied products ............. - - - - - - - - -
Wood products ........................... 14 6 8 1,983 619 1,325 1,988 747 1,127
Paper ................................... (2) 7 5 (2) 1,420 788 (2) 1,077 566
Printing and related support activities . 6 9 10 500 637 868 1,426 913 1,070
Petroleum and coal products ............. (2) (2) - (2) (2) - (2) (2) -
Chemicals ............................... 17 9 5 2,007 915 438 2,388 892 478
Plastics and rubber products ............ 8 12 8 613 1,230 2,487 772 1,284 991
Nonmetallic mineral products ............ 13 5 6 1,435 412 801 1,583 584 664
Primary metals .......................... 12 6 4 2,490 991 722 2,609 812 412
Fabricated metal products ............... 16 15 7 2,267 2,025 1,196 3,638 2,257 1,193
Machinery ............................... 15 16 15 2,661 4,005 1,609 3,850 3,629 1,643
Computer and electronic products ........ 25 17 11 2,783 2,135 2,034 3,551 2,165 1,676
Electrical equipment and appliances ..... 9 5 9 1,005 424 1,806 1,226 539 1,536
Transportation equipment ................ 35 54 46 7,453 9,415 6,635 5,739 11,584 8,137
Furniture and related products .......... 7 7 11 1,014 879 1,060 1,417 1,248 978
Miscellaneous manufacturing ............. 6 9 6 959 842 593 858 1,326 416
Wholesale trade .............................. 33 35 24 3,901 4,243 2,684 3,829 4,637 2,313
Retail trade ................................. 79 90 55 21,209 15,725 13,624 22,919 18,730 10,553
Transportation and warehousing ............... 159 160 94 24,188 37,832 12,044 28,229 41,037 11,387
Information .................................. 54 56 83 14,322 15,755 19,276 20,310 17,470 22,890
Finance and insurance ........................ 55 60 36 10,239 9,145 6,181 13,005 11,707 5,999
Real estate and rental and leasing ........... 14 18 6 2,289 2,843 686 1,563 3,049 854
Professional and technical services .......... 62 96 67 10,938 21,359 10,154 12,242 23,393 10,672
Management of companies and enterprises ...... 4 9 (2) 347 1,031 (2) 373 879 (2)
Administrative and waste services ............ 146 169 198 31,164 32,294 33,584 34,154 36,891 37,786
Educational services ......................... 34 37 18 3,972 4,920 2,274 4,926 5,932 2,175
Health care and social assistance ............ 84 225 87 8,213 27,577 8,247 9,110 28,309 7,471
Arts, entertainment, and recreation .......... 51 71 42 5,882 15,912 5,184 8,590 9,628 4,476
Accommodation and food services .............. 87 202 71 20,545 48,790 10,580 16,941 43,623 9,247
Other services, except public administration . 25 75 19 3,124 8,470 1,907 3,378 10,118 1,859
Unclassified ................................. - - - - - - - - -
1 For the third quarter of 2011, data on layoffs were reported by employers in all states and the District of Columbia.
2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards.
r = revised.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
Table 2. Reason for layoff: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance,
private nonfarm sector, selected quarters, 2010 and 2011
Initial claimants for
Layoff events Separations unemployment insurance
Reason for layoff
III II III III II III III II III
2010 2011r 2011p 2010 2011r 2011p 2010r 2011r 2011p
Total, private nonfarm (1) ..... 1,370 1,810 1,226 222,357 317,422 184,493 260,077 341,245 181,777
Business demand ................... 487 517 573 76,408 74,273 86,495 97,617 97,331 94,186
Contract cancellation ........... 32 30 34 4,366 3,617 4,886 4,273 3,743 4,595
Contract completion ............. 241 317 378 41,565 49,032 60,737 52,652 67,133 68,946
Domestic competition ............ - - (2) - - (2) - - (2)
Excess inventory/saturated
market ........................ (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Import competition .............. (2) (2) - (2) (2) - (2) (2) -
Slack work/insufficient demand/
non-seasonal business slowdown 209 166 155 29,510 21,063 18,542 38,844 25,949 19,869
Organizational changes ............ 83 70 65 16,963 16,501 10,168 14,485 12,548 8,710
Business-ownership change ....... 17 17 18 8,485 8,755 2,453 2,863 2,305 1,365
Reorganization or restructuring
of company .................... 66 53 47 8,478 7,746 7,715 11,622 10,243 7,345
Financial issues .................. 110 117 87 15,653 15,854 17,206 19,645 19,484 12,465
Bankruptcy ...................... 14 26 16 2,450 3,668 6,811 1,283 3,359 4,164
Cost control/cost cutting/
increase profitability ........ 63 61 41 8,290 7,084 6,328 13,116 11,060 5,104
Financial difficulty ............ 33 30 30 4,913 5,102 4,067 5,246 5,065 3,197
Production specific ............... (2) 33 17 (2) 4,369 2,034 (2) 7,379 2,091
Automation/technological
advances ...................... (2) 3 3 (2) 513 253 (2) 674 273
Energy related .................. - - - - - - - - -
Governmental regulations/
intervention .................. 6 5 (2) 727 690 (2) 726 1,890 (2)
Labor dispute/contract
negotiations/strike ........... (2) (2) 4 (2) (2) 731 (2) (2) 680
Material or supply shortage ..... - 17 (2) - 2,034 (2) - 3,132 (2)
Model changeover ................ - (2) 4 - (2) 467 - (2) 551
Plant or machine repair/
maintenance ................... 5 3 (2) 411 439 (2) 502 358 (2)
Product line discontinued ....... (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Disaster/safety ................... (2) 11 8 (2) 2,039 1,131 (2) 2,152 942
Hazardous work environment ...... - (2) (2) - (2) (2) - (2) (2)
Natural disaster (not weather
related) ...................... - - (2) - - (2) - - (2)
Non-natural disaster ............ (2) (2) - (2) (2) - (2) (2) -
Extreme weather-related event ... - 7 (2) - 1,244 (2) - 1,529 (2)
Seasonal .......................... 372 773 282 52,613 151,716 38,763 67,305 148,934 35,158
Seasonal ........................ 212 468 164 33,122 95,525 25,828 43,056 87,414 21,879
Vacation period-school related
or otherwise .................. 160 305 118 19,491 56,191 12,935 24,249 61,520 13,279
Other/miscellaneous ............... 300 289 194 58,946 52,670 28,696 59,035 53,417 28,225
Other ........................... 14 29 20 1,583 3,848 3,537 1,756 4,596 3,117
Data not provided: refusal ...... 69 67 46 18,937 18,421 8,928 18,937 18,447 8,906
Data not provided: does not
know .......................... 217 193 128 38,426 30,401 16,231 38,342 30,374 16,202
1 See footnote 1, table 1.
2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards.
r = revised.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
Table 3. State and selected claimant characteristics: Extended mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance,
private nonfarm sector, second and third quarters, 2011
Total Percent of total
initial Hispanic Persons age 55
Layoff events claimants Black origin Women and over
State
II III II III II III II III II III II III
2011r 2011p 2011r 2011p 2011r 2011p 2011r 2011p 2011r 2011p 2011r 2011p
Total, private nonfarm (1) . 1,810 1,226 341,245 181,777 17.3 14.9 17.6 21.8 51.8 40.9 23.9 19.4
Alabama ........................ 21 6 3,868 1,062 55.7 31.3 2.7 1.3 64.6 32.2 18.8 18.5
Alaska ......................... 11 4 2,346 563 6.1 5.5 18.6 13.1 35.0 35.9 27.8 24.3
Arizona ........................ 31 9 5,164 1,178 8.4 7.6 45.0 32.5 55.9 57.8 19.9 18.2
Arkansas ....................... 25 7 5,214 580 31.7 22.9 8.0 12.2 58.6 47.2 18.7 15.3
California ..................... 388 461 82,319 82,294 9.3 8.5 37.1 33.9 46.4 39.0 18.2 16.1
Colorado ....................... 18 9 2,967 932 4.5 4.4 22.7 27.3 53.8 51.0 20.8 16.6
Connecticut .................... 27 5 4,251 450 14.3 32.0 15.6 25.6 57.4 64.4 28.4 21.6
Delaware ....................... 10 3 1,177 739 43.5 40.5 8.4 10.3 58.4 35.5 22.3 12.2
District of Columbia ........... 5 (2) 672 (2) 77.8 81.1 5.5 1.4 69.2 63.7 27.7 7.5
Florida ........................ 75 36 14,141 5,906 21.4 19.2 28.7 25.9 52.7 33.2 26.3 24.5
Georgia ........................ 48 26 9,705 3,052 45.6 52.2 4.4 3.2 57.6 47.3 22.4 19.2
Hawaii ......................... 4 - 503 - .4 - 8.7 - 39.0 - 20.3 -
Idaho .......................... 12 4 1,516 361 .1 .3 11.2 15.5 41.3 44.9 21.4 16.3
Illinois ....................... 109 67 24,589 10,093 21.6 22.8 11.2 13.1 52.8 36.4 22.8 17.3
Indiana ........................ 35 14 6,869 4,028 10.2 6.1 1.5 3.9 40.5 26.8 20.6 19.6
Iowa ........................... 10 5 1,885 652 8.5 10.4 3.8 2.5 67.5 34.5 30.4 15.6
Kansas ......................... 17 7 2,093 794 18.5 17.6 2.2 4.3 63.6 53.1 23.7 26.6
Kentucky ....................... 30 17 3,598 2,041 13.3 19.7 .3 .1 43.9 45.1 17.3 16.5
Louisiana ...................... 40 16 5,540 1,731 60.3 43.7 3.1 5.3 65.1 39.7 26.3 25.9
Maine .......................... 12 (2) 1,730 (2) .7 1.4 .5 - 38.4 58.3 29.5 36.0
Maryland ....................... 13 4 1,643 1,080 56.7 35.0 2.3 1.5 58.9 57.1 23.4 31.6
Massachusetts .................. 17 16 2,368 1,656 12.4 12.7 1.8 .4 57.3 60.4 30.2 23.4
Michigan ....................... 50 26 7,791 3,768 19.0 13.0 3.4 1.7 64.8 40.6 24.6 17.3
Minnesota ...................... 24 14 3,920 1,399 7.2 6.3 4.2 2.1 32.4 26.7 22.0 24.2
Mississippi .................... 6 11 1,146 1,118 80.0 75.3 1.2 3.0 64.5 45.6 16.9 14.4
Missouri ....................... 43 19 7,920 2,620 27.9 27.6 1.5 1.5 69.3 59.8 31.7 26.5
Montana ........................ 10 (2) 990 (2) .4 1.0 3.7 1.9 56.4 9.7 28.8 16.5
Nebraska ....................... 8 4 1,104 358 12.0 12.8 3.8 7.3 46.8 51.4 36.1 29.6
Nevada ......................... 13 6 2,125 868 14.0 5.2 18.8 20.3 43.9 21.9 23.2 21.7
New Hampshire .................. 4 3 1,111 220 .5 1.4 1.2 5.0 65.8 65.9 34.0 34.1
New Jersey ..................... 66 59 14,274 6,280 21.5 25.8 6.6 11.6 69.2 61.7 33.2 31.7
New Mexico ..................... 17 12 2,089 1,090 2.0 1.5 49.4 43.0 54.7 40.4 20.1 17.2
New York ....................... 97 116 22,128 14,284 17.9 14.7 13.7 16.7 50.1 48.6 27.0 22.0
North Carolina ................. 17 24 4,160 3,121 34.5 33.3 12.4 8.8 47.6 34.8 24.3 21.2
North Dakota ................... (2) - (2) - .7 - 2.6 - 4.6 - 25.0 -
Ohio ........................... 80 36 13,296 3,722 14.0 10.8 3.0 3.1 42.8 24.8 23.9 20.9
Oklahoma ....................... 12 (2) 1,614 (2) 17.0 14.2 7.7 2.7 59.5 21.7 21.4 34.5
Oregon ......................... 37 14 7,789 1,997 3.7 1.6 18.4 23.4 51.6 61.7 22.1 26.0
Pennsylvania ................... 121 52 22,865 6,343 12.3 9.9 5.1 4.6 54.5 42.2 35.9 27.1
Rhode Island ................... 7 (2) 2,011 (2) 3.5 5.8 14.7 69.6 80.6 84.1 39.6 7.2
South Carolina ................. 12 10 1,854 1,102 65.9 56.0 1.1 8.6 72.8 57.6 27.4 21.5
South Dakota ................... (2) - (2) - 4.7 - 11.8 - 74.8 - 22.0 -
Tennessee ...................... 15 20 2,914 3,068 22.7 46.3 .1 .2 58.0 53.8 35.5 28.3
Texas .......................... 48 25 10,791 3,741 16.4 22.5 47.4 41.1 43.1 28.6 17.3 13.4
Utah ........................... 14 3 1,580 259 1.3 .8 8.7 6.9 41.6 51.0 14.5 13.1
Vermont ........................ 16 5 2,192 651 1.0 .8 .4 .3 45.8 45.9 25.9 26.3
Virginia ....................... 30 8 4,713 902 37.5 34.5 5.5 3.1 55.5 38.0 20.6 20.8
Washington ..................... 36 13 5,311 2,203 5.5 4.4 18.7 16.7 40.8 31.0 17.4 22.3
West Virginia .................. 10 (2) 1,264 (2) .1 - - - 10.5 4.1 14.1 21.2
Wisconsin ...................... 54 21 9,471 2,481 12.0 9.5 3.7 8.9 56.1 28.1 32.9 23.3
Wyoming ........................ (2) - (2) - .8 - 6.2 - 19.7 - 9.4 -
Puerto Rico .................... 13 12 2,774 2,998 .1 .1 99.4 99.4 60.9 54.6 13.2 7.0
1 See footnote 1, table 1.
2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards.
r = revised.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
Table 4. Census region and division: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance,
private nonfarm sector, selected quarters, 2010 and 2011
Initial claimants for
Layoff events Separations unemployment insurance
Census region and division
III II III III II III III II III
2010 2011r 2011p 2010 2011r 2011p 2010r 2011r 2011p
United States (1) ..... 1,370 1,810 1,226 222,357 317,422 184,493 260,077 341,245 181,777
Northeast ..................... 386 367 259 54,204 61,707 28,857 65,696 72,930 30,092
New England ............... 34 83 32 5,794 17,350 4,318 4,994 13,663 3,185
Middle Atlantic ........... 352 284 227 48,410 44,357 24,539 60,702 59,267 26,907
South ......................... 255 417 218 46,561 66,613 33,688 49,052 74,014 29,922
South Atlantic ............ 155 220 115 26,931 34,507 17,068 29,803 39,329 16,355
East South Central ........ 51 72 54 11,614 10,212 9,598 10,559 11,526 7,289
West South Central ........ 49 125 49 8,016 21,894 7,022 8,690 23,159 6,278
Midwest ....................... 184 432 213 30,381 75,635 34,701 31,278 79,217 29,915
East North Central ........ 144 328 164 20,943 58,403 27,175 25,341 62,016 24,092
West North Central ........ 40 104 49 9,438 17,232 7,526 5,937 17,201 5,823
West .......................... 545 594 536 91,211 113,467 87,247 114,051 115,084 91,848
Mountain .................. 42 118 44 8,966 31,060 6,449 6,291 16,816 4,791
Pacific ................... 503 476 492 82,245 82,407 80,798 107,760 98,268 87,057
1 See footnote 1, table 1.
r = revised.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the census divisions are: New England:
Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and
Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina,
Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central:
Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West
North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado,
Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
Table 5. State distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance,
private nonfarm sector, selected quarters, 2010 and 2011
Initial claimants for
Layoff events Separations unemployment insurance
State
III II III III II III III II III
2010 2011r 2011p 2010 2011r 2011p 2010r 2011r 2011p
Total, private nonfarm (1) . 1,370 1,810 1,226 222,357 317,422 184,493 260,077 341,245 181,777
Alabama ........................ 11 21 6 2,618 3,683 1,063 2,995 3,868 1,062
Alaska ......................... 10 11 4 3,621 3,110 1,673 3,381 2,346 563
Arizona ........................ 9 31 9 1,841 5,519 765 1,671 5,164 1,178
Arkansas ....................... 5 25 7 643 2,982 728 957 5,214 580
California ..................... 442 388 461 71,620 66,846 75,420 95,616 82,319 82,294
Colorado ....................... 11 18 9 1,508 8,337 1,272 1,235 2,967 932
Connecticut .................... 9 27 5 2,847 5,202 659 1,997 4,251 450
Delaware ....................... (2) 10 3 (2) 1,289 399 (2) 1,177 739
District of Columbia ........... (2) 5 (2) (2) 672 (2) (2) 672 (2)
Florida ........................ 73 75 36 15,456 14,755 6,678 14,023 14,141 5,906
Georgia ........................ 12 48 26 1,406 4,693 2,595 2,396 9,705 3,052
Hawaii ......................... 5 4 - 710 413 - 567 503 -
Idaho .......................... 3 12 4 226 1,967 453 289 1,516 361
Illinois ....................... 68 109 67 10,397 25,506 12,571 12,527 24,589 10,093
Indiana ........................ 11 35 14 870 3,805 1,972 1,445 6,869 4,028
Iowa ........................... 4 10 5 662 1,422 725 535 1,885 652
Kansas ......................... 8 17 7 978 1,930 791 1,190 2,093 794
Kentucky ....................... 13 30 17 4,509 3,133 2,510 2,009 3,598 2,041
Louisiana ...................... 12 40 16 1,434 8,710 2,405 1,244 5,540 1,731
Maine .......................... (2) 12 (2) (2) 2,423 (2) (2) 1,730 (2)
Maryland ....................... 20 13 4 4,707 2,602 1,275 3,633 1,643 1,080
Massachusetts .................. 18 17 16 2,151 2,975 2,466 2,255 2,368 1,656
Michigan ....................... 13 50 26 966 6,605 4,309 1,547 7,791 3,768
Minnesota ...................... 9 24 14 965 4,240 1,980 1,099 3,920 1,399
Mississippi .................... 14 6 11 2,268 1,312 1,352 1,527 1,146 1,118
Missouri ....................... 14 43 19 6,026 8,372 3,488 2,582 7,920 2,620
Montana ........................ (2) 10 (2) (2) 1,205 (2) (2) 990 (2)
Nebraska ....................... 4 8 4 697 1,088 542 414 1,104 358
Nevada ......................... 6 13 6 775 3,527 1,484 1,035 2,125 868
New Hampshire .................. - 4 3 - 2,174 335 - 1,111 220
New Jersey ..................... 52 66 59 7,749 12,969 6,471 7,442 14,274 6,280
New Mexico ..................... 7 17 12 1,066 2,960 1,867 1,206 2,089 1,090
New York ....................... 230 97 116 32,885 12,986 12,732 41,037 22,128 14,284
North Carolina (3) ............. 20 17 24 1,464 1,341 3,241 5,639 4,160 3,121
North Dakota ................... (2) (2) - (2) (2) - (2) (2) -
Ohio ........................... 32 80 36 5,686 13,134 5,104 5,380 13,296 3,722
Oklahoma ....................... 3 12 (2) 927 1,717 (2) 513 1,614 (2)
Oregon ......................... 19 37 14 3,122 7,789 1,997 3,408 7,789 1,997
Pennsylvania ................... 70 121 52 7,776 18,402 5,336 12,223 22,865 6,343
Rhode Island ................... 3 7 (2) 274 1,995 (2) 258 2,011 (2)
South Carolina ................. 15 12 10 1,978 3,167 1,212 2,043 1,854 1,102
South Dakota ................... - (2) - - (2) - - (2) -
Tennessee ...................... 13 15 20 2,219 2,084 4,673 4,028 2,914 3,068
Texas .......................... 29 48 25 5,012 8,485 3,629 5,976 10,791 3,741
Utah ........................... 4 14 3 3,200 5,955 258 675 1,580 259
Vermont ........................ (2) 16 5 (2) 2,581 650 (2) 2,192 651
Virginia ....................... 11 30 8 1,445 4,417 998 1,662 4,713 902
Washington ..................... 27 36 13 3,172 4,249 1,708 4,788 5,311 2,203
West Virginia .................. (2) 10 (2) (2) 1,571 (2) (2) 1,264 (2)
Wisconsin ...................... 20 54 21 3,024 9,353 3,219 4,442 9,471 2,481
Wyoming ........................ (2) (2) - (2) (2) - (2) (2) -
Puerto Rico .................... 16 13 12 1,591 1,876 1,853 3,389 2,774 2,998
1 See footnote 1, table 1.
2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards.
3 Data starting in November 2010 may not be comparable to prior data due to a change in MLS unemployment insurance
input procedures.
r = revised.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
Table 6. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff events and separations associated with the movement of work,
selected quarters, 2010 and 2011
Layoff events Separations
Industry
III II III III II III
2010 2011r 2011p 2010 2011r 2011p
Total, private nonfarm (1) ................ 51 42 35 7,553 6,922 6,216
Mining ...................................... - - - - - -
Utilities ................................... - - - - - -
Construction ................................ - 3 - - 448 -
Manufacturing ............................... 29 19 20 3,462 3,717 4,247
Food ................................... 9 5 5 988 1,400 549
Beverage and tobacco products .......... - - - - - -
Textile mills .......................... - - - - - -
Textile product mills .................. - - (2) - - (2)
Apparel ................................ (2) (2) - (2) (2) -
Leather and allied products ............ - - - - - -
Wood products .......................... - - (2) - - (2)
Paper .................................. - - (2) - - (2)
Printing and related support activities (2) - (2) (2) - (2)
Petroleum and coal products ............ - - - - - -
Chemicals .............................. 3 (2) - 564 (2) -
Plastics and rubber products ........... (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Nonmetallic mineral products ........... - - (2) - - (2)
Primary metals ......................... - - - - - -
Fabricated metal products .............. (2) - - (2) - -
Machinery .............................. (2) - (2) (2) - (2)
Computer and electronic products ....... 5 3 (2) 402 577 (2)
Electrical equipment and appliances .... (2) - (2) (2) - (2)
Transportation equipment ............... (2) 5 (2) (2) 838 (2)
Furniture and related products ......... - (2) (2) - (2) (2)
Miscellaneous manufacturing ............ (2) - (2) (2) - (2)
Wholesale trade ............................. 3 3 (2) 500 288 (2)
Retail trade ................................ (2) 4 (2) (2) 708 (2)
Transportation and warehousing .............. 4 (2) (2) 509 (2) (2)
Information ................................. (2) - (2) (2) - (2)
Finance and insurance ....................... (2) 7 (2) (2) 845 (2)
Real estate and rental and leasing .......... (2) - - (2) - -
Professional and technical services ......... (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Management of companies and enterprises ..... - (2) - - (2) -
Administrative and waste services ........... (2) (2) 3 (2) (2) 417
Educational services ........................ - - - - - -
Health care and social assistance ........... - - (2) - - (2)
Arts, entertainment, and recreation ......... (2) - - (2) - -
Accommodation and food services ............. (2) - - (2) - -
Other services, except public administration (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Unclassified ................................ - - - - - -
1 See footnote 1, table 1.
2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards.
r = revised.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
Table 7. Reason for layoff: Extended mass layoff events and separations associated with the movement of work,
selected quarters, 2010 and 2011
Layoff events Separations
Reason for layoff III II III III II III
2010 2011r 2011p 2010 2011r 2011p
Total, private nonfarm (1) .... 51 42 35 7,553 6,922 6,216
Business demand .................. (2) (2) 10 (2) (2) 3,036
Contract cancellation .......... (2) (2) 4 (2) (2) 712
Contract completion ............ (2) 5 - (2) 894 -
Domestic competition ........... - - (2) - - (2)
Excess inventory/saturated
market ....................... - - (2) - - (2)
Import competition ............. (2) (2) - (2) (2) -
Slack work/insufficient demand/
non-seasonal business slowdown 8 (2) (2) 1,114 (2) (2)
Organizational changes ........... 23 17 11 3,229 1,985 1,233
Business-ownership change ...... 3 (2) - 490 (2) -
Reorganization or restructuring
of company ................... 20 (2) 11 2,739 (2) 1,233
Financial issues ................. 14 13 10 2,162 2,247 1,674
Bankruptcy ..................... - - - - - -
Cost control/cost cutting/
increase profitability ....... (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Financial difficulty ........... (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Production specific .............. (2) - (2) (2) - (2)
Automation/technological
advances ..................... - - (2) - - (2)
Energy related ................. - - - - - -
Governmental regulations/
intervention ................. - - - - - -
Labor dispute/contract
negotiations/strike .......... - - - - - -
Material or supply shortage .... - - - - - -
Model changeover ............... - - - - - -
Plant or machine repair/
maintenance .................. - - - - - -
Product line discontinued ...... (2) - - (2) - -
Disaster/safety .................. - (2) (2) - (2) (2)
Hazardous work environment ..... - (2) - - (2) -
Natural disaster (not weather
related) ..................... - - - - - -
Non-natural disaster ........... - - - - - -
Extreme weather-related event .. - (2) (2) - (2) (2)
Other/miscellaneous .............. (2) - (2) (2) - (2)
Other .......................... (2) - (2) (2) - (2)
Data not provided: refusal ..... - - (2) - - (2)
Data not provided: does not
know ......................... - - - - - -
1 See footnote 1, table 1.
2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards.
r = revised.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
Table 8. Census region and division: Extended mass layoff events and separations associated with the
movement of work, selected quarters, 2010 and 2011
Layoff events Separations
Census region and division
III II III III II III
2010 2011r 2011p 2010 2011r 2011p
United States (1) . 51 42 35 7,553 6,922 6,216
Northeast ................. 12 5 11 1,940 893 1,543
New England ........... 5 (2) (2) 1,034 (2) (2)
Middle Atlantic ....... 7 (2) (2) 906 (2) (2)
South ..................... 18 9 12 2,230 1,422 3,401
South Atlantic ........ 7 (2) (2) 777 (2) (2)
East South Central .... 6 (2) 6 614 (2) 2,282
West South Central .... 5 5 (2) 839 734 (2)
Midwest ................... 9 10 7 1,368 1,163 873
East North Central .... 5 (2) 3 626 (2) 525
West North Central .... 4 (2) 4 742 (2) 348
West ...................... 12 18 5 2,015 3,444 399
Mountain .............. (2) 5 (2) (2) 1,169 (2)
Pacific ............... (2) 13 (2) (2) 2,275 (2)
1 See footnote 1, table 1.
2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards.
r = revised.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the census divisions are: New
England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic:
New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida,
Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central:
Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and
Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa,
Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado,
Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii,
Oregon, and Washington.
Table 9. Extended mass layoff events and separations, selected measures, selected quarters, 2010 and 2011
Layoff events Separations
Action
III II III III II III
2010 2011r 2011p 2010 2011r 2011p
Total, private nonfarm (1) ......... 1,370 1,810 1,226 222,357 317,422 184,493
Total, excluding seasonal
and vacation events (2) .... 998 1,037 944 169,744 165,706 145,730
Total, movement of work (3) 51 42 35 7,553 6,922 6,216
Movement of work
actions ............. 75 50 49 (4) (4) (4)
With separations
reported ....... 41 25 28 3,574 3,293 2,905
With separations
unknown ........ 34 25 21 (4) (4) (4)
1 See footnote 1, table 1.
2 The questions on movement of work were not asked of employers when the reason for layoff was either seasonal work
or vacation period.
3 Movement of work can involve more than one action.
4 Data are not available.
p = preliminary.
Table 10. Movement of work actions by type of separation where number of separations is known by
employers, selected quarters, 2010 and 2011
Actions (1) Separations
Activities
III II III III II III
2010 2011r 2011p 2010 2011r 2011p
With separations reported (2) . 41 25 28 3,574 3,293 2,905
By location
Out-of-country relocations .. 8 6 2 1,198 916 110
Within company .......... 4 4 - 340 733 -
Different company ....... 4 2 2 858 183 110
Domestic relocations ........ 33 19 26 2,376 2,377 2,795
Within company .......... 28 17 23 1,824 2,119 2,498
Different company ....... 5 2 3 552 258 297
Unable to assign place of
relocation ............... - - - - - -
By company
Within company .............. 32 21 23 2,164 2,852 2,498
Domestic ................ 28 17 23 1,824 2,119 2,498
Out of country .......... 4 4 - 340 733 -
Unable to assign ........ - - - - - -
Different company ........... 9 4 5 1,410 441 407
Domestic ................ 5 2 3 552 258 297
Out of country .......... 4 2 2 858 183 110
Unable to assign ........ - - - - - -
1 Only actions for which separations associated with the movement of work were reported are shown.
2 See footnote 1, table 1.
r = revised.
p = preliminary.
Note: Dash represents zero.
Table 11. Summary of employer expectations of a recall from extended mass layoffs, private nonfarm sector, selected quarters, 2010 and 2011
Percent of total layoff events (1) Percent of layoff events Percent of layoff events,
due to seasonal work excluding those due to
Nature of recall and vacation period seasonal and vacation period
III II III III II III III II III
2010 2011r 2011p 2010 2011r 2011p 2010 2011r 2011p
Anticipate a recall ..... 45.3 60.1 50.0 92.5 96.2 97.9 27.7 33.2 35.7
Timeframe
Within 6 months ......... 65.0 78.5 57.9 85.8 91.1 85.5 39.1 51.2 35.3
Within 3 months ... 54.7 52.6 47.8 74.7 58.3 69.6 29.7 40.1 30.0
Size of recall
At least half ........... 68.1 81.9 61.0 91.6 95.0 89.5 38.8 53.5 37.7
All workers ....... 39.0 45.2 29.4 61.0 57.0 46.4 11.6 19.8 15.4
1 See footnote 1, table 1.
r = revised.
p = preliminary.
Table 12. Average number of separations in extended mass layoff events by selected measures,
private nonfarm sector, selected quarters, 2010 and 2011
Average number of separations
Measure
III II III
2010 2011r 2011p
Total, private nonfarm (1) ..... 162 175 150
Industry
Mining ............................... 267 285 50
Utilities ............................ 134 223 -
Construction ......................... 101 125 113
Manufacturing ........................ 148 152 157
Wholesale trade ...................... 118 121 112
Retail trade ......................... 268 175 248
Transportation and warehousing ....... 152 236 128
Information .......................... 265 281 232
Finance and insurance ................ 186 152 172
Real estate and rental and leasing ... 164 158 114
Professional and
technical services ................. 176 222 152
Management of companies
and enterprises .................... 87 115 79
Administrative and waste services .... 213 191 170
Educational services ................. 117 133 126
Health care and social assistance .... 98 123 95
Arts, entertainment, and recreation .. 115 224 123
Accommodation and food services ...... 236 242 149
Other services, except public
administration ..................... 125 113 100
Unclassified establishments .......... - - -
Reason for layoff groupings
Business demand ...................... 157 144 151
Organizational changes ............... 204 236 156
Financial issues ..................... 142 136 198
Production specific .................. 101 132 120
Disaster/Safety ...................... 60 185 141
Seasonal ............................. 141 196 137
Other/miscellaneous .................. 196 182 148
1 See footnote 1, table 1.
r = revised.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
Table 13. Distribution of extended layoff events by size of layoff, private nonfarm
sector, third quarter 2011(p)
Layoff events Separations
Size
Number Percent Number Percent
Total ..................... 1,226 100.0 184,493 100.0
50-99 ................... 661 53.9 45,681 24.8
100-149 ................. 231 18.8 26,932 14.6
150-199 ................. 114 9.3 19,210 10.4
200-299 ................. 104 8.5 24,413 13.2
300-499 ................. 66 5.4 23,524 12.8
500-999 ................. 35 2.9 22,192 12.0
1,000 or more ........... 15 1.2 22,541 12.2
p = preliminary.
United States Department of Labor
