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Economic News Release
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Producer Price Index News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                          USDL 23-0944
8:30 a.m. (ET) Thursday, May 11, 2023

Technical information:      (202) 691-7705  *  ppi-info@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ppi
Media contact:              (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov

                          PRODUCER PRICE INDEXES - APRIL 2023


The Producer Price Index for final demand advanced 0.2 percent in April, seasonally adjusted,
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Final demand prices fell 0.4 percent in March
and were unchanged in February. (See table A.) On an unadjusted basis, the index for final
demand moved up 2.3 percent for the 12 months ended in April.

In April, 80 percent of the rise in the index for final demand is attributable to a 0.3-percent
increase in prices for final demand services. The index for final demand goods advanced 0.2
percent.

Prices for final demand less foods, energy, and trade services rose 0.2 percent in April after
inching up 0.1 percent in March. For the 12 months ended in April, the index for final demand
less foods, energy, and trade services increased 3.4 percent.

Final Demand

Final demand services: Prices for final demand services moved up 0.3 percent in April, the largest
increase since a 0.4-percent rise in November 2022. Leading the advance in April, the index for final
demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing climbed 0.4 percent. Margins for final
demand trade services increased 0.5 percent. (Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by
wholesalers and retailers.) In contrast, the index for final demand transportation and warehousing
services decreased 1.7 percent.

Product detail: Over one-third of the April advance in the index for final demand services can be
traced to a 4.1-percent rise in prices for portfolio management. The indexes for food and alcohol
wholesaling, outpatient care (partial), loan services (partial), hospital inpatient care, and guestroom
rental also moved higher. Conversely, prices for long-distance motor carrying declined 2.3 percent.
The indexes for food retailing and for securities brokerage, dealing, and investment advice also fell.
(See table 2.)

Final demand goods: Prices for final demand goods increased 0.2 percent in April after falling 1.0
percent in March. Leading the advance, the index for final demand energy rose 0.8 percent. Prices for
final demand goods less foods and energy moved up 0.2 percent. In contrast, the index for final
demand foods decreased 0.5 percent.

Product detail: An 8.4-percent advance in prices for gasoline was a major factor in the April increase
in the index for final demand goods. Prices for fresh and dry vegetables, carbon steel scrap, plastic
resins and materials, aircraft and aircraft equipment, and fluid power equipment also moved higher.
Conversely, the index for chicken eggs dropped 37.9 percent. Prices for jet fuel and for light motor
trucks also declined.

Table A. Monthly and 12-month percent changes in selected final demand price indexes, seasonally adjusted
Month Total
final
demand
Final
demand
less
foods,
energy,
and
trade
Final demand goods Final demand services Change
in final
demand
from 12
months
ago
(unadj.)
Change
in final
demand
less
foods,
energy,
and
trade
from 12
mo. ago
(unadj.)
Total Foods Energy Less
foods
and
energy
Total Trade Transportation
and
warehousing
Other

2022

Apr.

0.6 0.5 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.2 0.1 0.2 2.0 -0.2 11.2 6.8

May

0.8 0.5 1.4 0.7 4.0 0.7 0.4 0.6 2.5 0.1 11.1 6.8

June

0.9 0.3 2.1 -0.1 8.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.1 11.2 6.4

July

-0.3 0.2 -1.6 1.3 -8.3 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.3 0.1 9.7 5.8

Aug.

0.0 0.2 -0.8 -0.2 -4.4 0.2 0.5 1.0 -1.1 0.4 8.7 5.6

Sept.

0.3 0.3 0.5 1.5 1.0 0.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.5 8.5 5.6

Oct.

0.3 0.2 0.4 0.7 1.5 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 8.2 5.5

Nov.

0.4 0.4 0.3 3.3 -2.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 -0.4 0.5 7.4 4.9

Dec.(1)

-0.3 0.2 -1.4 -0.9 -6.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.2 6.4 4.7

2023

Jan.(1)

0.4 0.6 1.2 -1.3 5.4 0.6 0.0 -1.2 -0.5 0.6 5.7 4.5

Feb.(1)

0.0 0.2 -0.4 -2.3 -0.8 0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.8 0.3 4.8 4.5

Mar.(1)

-0.4 0.1 -1.0 0.3 -6.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.6 0.2 2.7 3.7

Apr.

0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.5 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.5 -1.7 0.4 2.3 3.4

Footnotes
(1) Some of the figures shown above and elsewhere in this release may differ from those previously reported because data for December 2022 through March 2023 have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents.

Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type

Within intermediate demand in April, the index for processed goods declined 0.4 percent, prices for
unprocessed goods rose 1.7 percent, and the index for services advanced 0.7 percent. (See tables B
and C.)

Processed goods for intermediate demand: Prices for processed goods for intermediate demand
decreased 0.4 percent in April after moving down 0.9 percent in March. Leading the April decline,
the index for processed energy goods dropped 2.3 percent. Prices for processed foods and feeds fell
1.2 percent. In contrast, the index for processed materials less foods and energy increased 0.3
percent. For the 12 months ended in April, prices for processed goods for intermediate demand
decreased 3.2 percent, the largest 12-month decline since falling 3.7 percent in July 2020.

Product detail: Over half of the April decrease in prices for processed goods for intermediate
demand can be traced to a 4.1-percent decline in the index for diesel fuel. Prices for jet fuel, utility
natural gas, meats, fats and oils, and nitrogenates also fell. Conversely, the index for plastic resins
and materials rose 2.9 percent. Prices for gasoline and for cold rolled steel sheet and strip also
advanced.

Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand: The index for unprocessed goods for intermediate
demand increased 1.7 percent in April, the largest advance since moving up 4.8 percent in August
2022. A major factor in the April rise was a 5.2-percent jump in prices for unprocessed energy
materials. The index for unprocessed nonfood materials less energy moved up 1.8 percent. In
contrast, prices for unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs decreased 1.4 percent. For the 12 months
ended in April, the index for unprocessed goods for intermediate demand fell 19.2 percent, the
largest 12-month decline since dropping 20.1 percent in May 2020.

Product detail: Leading the April advance in prices for unprocessed goods for intermediate demand,
the index for crude petroleum rose 14.2 percent. Prices for slaughter steers and heifers, corn, carbon
steel scrap, fresh and dry vegetables, and coal also increased. Conversely, the index for ungraded
chicken eggs dropped 40.7 percent. Prices for natural gas and for aluminum base scrap also fell.

Table B. Monthly and 12-month percent changes in selected intermediate demand price indexes for goods by commodity type, seasonally adjusted
Month Processed goods for intermediate demand Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand
Total Foods
and
feeds
Energy
goods
Less
foods
and
energy
Total,
change
from 12
months
ago
(unadj.)
Total Foodstuffs
and
feedstuffs
Energy
materials
Nonfood
materials
less
energy
Total,
change
from 12
months
ago
(unadj.)

2022

Apr.

2.0 3.2 4.2 1.2 22.0 5.8 3.8 9.3 2.8 50.1

May

2.2 1.2 4.4 1.7 21.6 5.4 0.3 14.6 -4.2 46.4

June

1.9 0.1 8.4 0.1 21.9 4.8 -0.7 11.1 -1.8 50.3

July

-2.1 0.5 -8.0 -0.4 17.2 -8.8 -1.1 -14.2 -5.9 32.5

Aug.

-1.2 -0.2 -3.7 -0.6 14.3 4.8 -0.9 10.9 0.5 36.9

Sept.

-0.1 -0.1 2.0 -0.8 12.9 -3.1 1.3 -6.6 -0.6 29.2

Oct.

-0.2 -0.2 1.5 -0.8 10.1 -9.7 -0.7 -18.1 -4.1 9.3

Nov.

-0.5 0.8 -1.9 -0.2 7.6 -3.1 0.0 -6.7 -0.7 3.5

Dec.(1)

-2.5 -0.6 -9.8 -0.4 4.8 1.5 -0.2 5.2 -1.7 10.7

2023

Jan.(1)

1.1 0.2 5.3 0.0 3.9 -4.6 -5.8 -7.4 2.2 2.9

Feb.(1)

-0.5 -2.0 -1.7 0.1 2.0 -4.8 -1.0 -11.1 0.4 -10.3

Mar.(1)

-0.9 -0.3 -4.1 0.0 -1.0 -4.1 -0.6 -9.9 -0.6 -16.1

Apr.

-0.4 -1.2 -2.3 0.3 -3.2 1.7 -1.4 5.2 1.8 -19.2

Footnotes
(1) Some of the figures shown above and elsewhere in this release may differ from those previously reported because data for December 2022 through March 2023 have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents.

Services for intermediate demand: The index for services for intermediate demand rose 0.7 percent
in April after declining 0.2 percent in March. More than three-quarters of the increase can be
attributed to a 0.8-percent advance in prices for services less trade, transportation, and warehousing
for intermediate demand. Margins for trade services for intermediate demand moved up 1.5 percent.
In contrast, the index for transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand decreased
0.8 percent. For the 12 months ended in April, prices for services for intermediate demand increased
4.5 percent.

Product detail: More than 20 percent of the April advance in the index for services for intermediate
demand can be traced to a 2.4-percent rise in prices for nonresidential real estate rents. The indexes
for food and alcohol wholesaling, loan services (partial), staffing services, portfolio management,
and services related to securities brokerage and dealing (partial) also moved higher. Conversely,
prices for long-distance motor carrying fell 2.3 percent. The indexes for securities brokerage, dealing,
and investment advice and for hardware, building materials, and supplies retailing also declined.

Table C. Monthly and 12-month percent changes in selected intermediate demand price indexes for services by commodity type, seasonally adjusted
Month Services for intermediate demand
Total Trade Transportation
and
warehousing
Other Total, change
from 12 months
ago (unadj.)

2022

Apr.

0.8 1.0 1.7 0.6 8.0

May

0.6 0.8 0.5 0.5 7.9

June

-0.3 -0.5 0.1 -0.3 6.3

July

0.3 0.2 1.1 0.1 5.9

Aug.

0.6 -0.9 -0.3 1.3 6.0

Sept.

0.5 0.1 -0.4 0.8 6.2

Oct.

0.4 0.0 0.6 0.5 6.7

Nov.

0.8 0.9 -1.3 1.2 6.9

Dec.(1)

0.0 -1.3 0.0 0.4 6.0

2023

Jan.(1)

1.0 0.7 0.3 1.1 6.3

Feb.(1)

0.3 -0.3 -0.1 0.6 6.2

Mar.(1)

-0.2 1.0 -0.6 -0.4 4.7

Apr.

0.7 1.5 -0.8 0.8 4.5

Footnotes
(1) Some of the figures shown above and elsewhere in this release may differ from those previously reported because data for December 2022 through March 2023 have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents.

Intermediate Demand by Production Flow

Stage 4 intermediate demand: Prices for stage 4 intermediate demand moved up 0.4 percent in
April after declining 0.2 percent in March. In April, the index for total services inputs to stage 4
intermediate demand advanced 0.9 percent. In contrast, prices for total goods inputs edged down 0.1
percent. Increases in the indexes for nonresidential real estate rents, portfolio management, food and
alcohol wholesaling, gasoline, services related to securities brokerage and dealing (partial), and loan
services (partial) outweighed falling prices for meats; securities brokerage, dealing, and investment
advice; and diesel fuel. For the 12 months ended in April, the index for stage 4 intermediate demand
rose 2.9 percent.

Stage 3 intermediate demand: Prices for stage 3 intermediate demand edged down 0.1 percent in
April after falling 0.5 percent in March. In April, the index for total goods inputs to stage 3
intermediate demand decreased 1.0 percent. Conversely, prices for total services inputs advanced 0.7
percent. Declines in the indexes for ungraded chicken eggs, jet fuel, diesel fuel, slaughter hogs, and
arrangement of freight and cargo transportation outweighed rising prices for television advertising
time sales, slaughter cattle, staffing services, and plastic resins and materials. For the 12 months
ended in April, the index for stage 3 intermediate demand moved down 3.6 percent, the largest 12-
month decrease since falling 3.6 percent in August 2020.

Stage 2 intermediate demand: Prices for stage 2 intermediate demand increased 1.2 percent in
April, the largest advance since climbing 3.0 percent in August 2022. The indexes for total goods
inputs and for total services inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand both moved higher, 1.8 percent
and 0.7 percent, respectively. Increases in the indexes for crude petroleum, loan services (partial),
food and alcohol wholesaling, staffing services, carbon steel scrap, and janitorial services outweighed
declines in prices for gas fuels, arrangement of freight and cargo transportation, and prepared animal
feeds. For the 12 months ended in April, the index for stage 2 intermediate demand fell 5.1 percent,
the largest 12-month decrease since dropping 5.3 percent in July 2020.

Stage 1 intermediate demand: Prices for stage 1 intermediate demand were unchanged in April
following two consecutive decreases. In April, a 0.5-percent increase in the index for total services
inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand offset a 0.5-percent decline in prices for total goods inputs.
Advances in the indexes for nonresidential real estate rents, services related to securities brokerage
and dealing (partial), gasoline, fluid power equipment, and portfolio management offset falling prices
for diesel fuel; utility natural gas; securities, brokerage, dealing, and investment advice;
transportation of passengers (partial); and nitrogenates. For the 12 months ended in April, the index
for stage 1 intermediate demand decreased 0.8 percent, the first 12-month decline since moving
down 0.6 percent in October 2020.

Table D. Monthly percent changes in selected intermediate demand price indexes by production flow, seasonally adjusted
Month Stage 4 intermediate
demand
Stage 3 intermediate
demand
Stage 2 intermediate
demand
Stage 1 intermediate
demand
Total Goods
inputs
Services
inputs
Total Goods
inputs
Services
inputs
Total Goods
inputs
Services
inputs
Total Goods
inputs
Services
inputs

2022

Apr.

1.0 1.2 0.7 2.3 3.3 1.3 2.9 5.1 0.7 1.6 2.4 0.8

May

0.9 1.4 0.5 1.7 2.5 0.7 3.6 6.6 0.3 1.5 2.1 0.8

June

0.3 1.0 -0.3 0.5 1.4 -0.5 2.9 5.3 0.1 1.0 2.4 -0.6

July

-0.4 -0.8 0.0 -1.2 -2.6 0.4 -4.1 -8.2 0.9 -1.6 -2.8 -0.3

Aug.

0.3 0.0 0.6 -1.3 -2.6 0.1 3.0 4.8 1.2 -0.4 -1.2 0.5

Sept.

0.4 0.1 0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.1 -1.9 -4.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2

Oct.

0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.6 0.5 -4.7 -9.8 0.8 0.1 -0.2 0.4

Nov.

0.4 -0.2 1.0 -0.4 -1.1 0.3 -1.0 -2.9 0.8 0.1 -0.6 0.9

Dec.(1)

-0.4 -0.7 0.0 -2.0 -3.8 0.0 1.0 1.5 0.6 -1.8 -3.0 -0.4

2023

Jan.(1)

1.0 0.8 1.2 0.2 -0.4 0.8 -1.0 -3.2 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

Feb.(1)

0.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.8 0.1 -1.4 -4.7 1.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2

Mar.(1)

-0.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.5 -0.9 -0.3 -2.2 -4.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.9 0.1

Apr.

0.4 -0.1 0.9 -0.1 -1.0 0.7 1.2 1.8 0.7 0.0 -0.5 0.5

Footnotes
(1) Some of the figures shown above and elsewhere in this release may differ from those previously reported because data for December 2022 through March 2023 have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents.

________________
The Producer Price Index for May 2023 is scheduled to be released on Wednesday, June 14, 2023,
at 8:30 a.m. (ET).


                                          Technical Note


Brief Explanation of Producer Price Indexes

   The Producer Price Index (PPI) of the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is a family of
indexes that measures the average change over time in prices received (price changes) by
producers for domestically produced goods, services, and construction.  PPIs measure
price change from the perspective of the seller.  This contrasts with other measures,
such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI).  CPIs measure price change from the purchaser's
perspective.

   More than 10,000 PPIs for individual products and groups of products are released each
month. PPIs are available for the products of virtually every industry in the mining and
manufacturing sectors. Over time, new PPIs have been introduced for products of
industries in the services and construction sectors of the U.S. economy. As of January
2023, the PPI covered 69 percent of services as measured by 2017 Census revenue, and 17
percent of construction.

   More than 64,000 price quotations per month are organized into three sets of PPIs:
(1) Final demand-Intermediate demand (FD-ID) indexes, (2) commodity indexes, and (3)
indexes for the net output of industries and their products.  The FD-ID structure
organizes products by class of buyer and degree of fabrication as well as by stage of
production.  The commodity structure organizes products by similarity of end use or
product type.  The entire output of various industries is sampled to derive price indexes
for the net output of industries and their products.


Final Demand-Intermediate Demand Indexes

   The PPI FD-ID structure measures price change for goods, services, and construction
sold to final demand and to intermediate demand. The FD-ID system replaced the PPI stage-
of-processing (SOP) system as PPI's primary aggregation model with the release of data
for January 2014. The FD-ID model expands coverage beyond that of the SOP system through
the addition of services, construction, exports, and government purchases.

   Compared with finished goods under the SOP system, the PPI for final demand goods
includes nearly a 50 percent expansion of coverage. This increase can be traced to the
addition of government purchases and exports. For overall final demand, expansion to
include final demand services represents an even larger increase in coverage. In December
2022, final demand goods were about 30.7 percent of overall final demand, final demand
services were roughly 66.6 percent, and final demand construction was about 2.7 percent
of final demand. Within intermediate demand, coverage of services for intermediate demand
resulted in about a 45 percent increase in coverage of the intermediate demand portion of
the economy.

   FD-ID indexes are constructed from commodity-based producer output price indexes.
Commodities are allocated to aggregate indexes primarily based on the type of buyer.  The
main source of data used to determine the type of buyer is the "Use of commodities by
industries, before redefinition," table from the Benchmark Input-Output Accounts of the
U.S. In many cases, the same commodity is purchased by different types of buyers.  As a
result, commodities are often included in several FD-ID indexes.  For example, regular
gasoline is purchased for personal consumption, export, government use, and business use.
The PPI program publishes only one commodity index for regular gasoline (wpu057104),
reflecting sales to all types of buyers, and this index is used in all aggregations
regardless of whether the gasoline is sold for personal consumption, as an export, to
government, or to businesses.  Proportions based on BEA "Use of Commodities" data are
used to allocate the correct portion of the total weight of gasoline to each use
category.  In cases when buyer type is an important price determining characteristic,
indexes are created based on specific buyer type. For example, within the PPI category
for loan services, separate indexes for consumer loans and business loans were
constructed. For more information relating to the FD-ID structure, see "A new,
experimental system of indexes from the PPI program" in the February 2011 Monthly Labor
Review.

Final Demand:  The final demand portion of the FD-ID structure measures price change for
commodities sold for personal consumption, capital investment, government, and export.
The system is composed of six main price indexes: final demand goods; final demand trade
services; final demand transportation and warehousing services; final demand services
less trade, transportation, and warehousing; final demand construction; and overall final
demand.

   The final demand goods index measures price change for both unprocessed and processed
goods sold to final demand.  Fresh fruits sold to consumers and computers sold for
capital investment are examples of transactions included in the final demand goods price
index. The final demand trade services index measures price change for the retailing and
wholesaling of merchandise sold to final demand, generally without transformation. (Trade
indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.) The final
demand transportation and warehousing services index tracks price change for
transportation of passengers, as well as, transportation of cargo sold to final demand,
and also includes prices for warehousing and storage of goods sold to final demand.  The
final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing index measures price
change for all services other than trade and transportation sold to final demand.
Publishing, banking, lodging, and health care are examples of these services.  The final
demand construction index tracks price change for new construction, as well as
maintenance and repair construction sold to final demand.  Construction of office
buildings is an example of a commodity that would be included in the final demand
construction index.  Lastly, the overall final demand index tracks price change for all
types of commodities sold to final demand by combining the five final demand component
indexes described above.

Intermediate Demand: The intermediate demand portion of the FD-ID system tracks price
change for goods, services, and construction products sold to businesses as inputs to
production, excluding capital investment. The system includes two parallel treatments of
intermediate demand. The first treatment organizes intermediate demand commodities by
type. The second organizes intermediate demand commodities into production stages, with
the explicit goal of developing a forward-flow model of production and price change.

   The intermediate demand by commodity type portion of the system organizes commodities
by similarity of product.  The system is composed of six main price indexes: unprocessed
goods for intermediate demand; processed goods for intermediate demand; intermediate
demand trade services; intermediate demand transportation and warehousing services;
intermediate demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing; and
intermediate demand construction.

   The unprocessed goods for intermediate demand price index measures price change for
goods sold to businesses as inputs to production that have undergone no fabrication.
Crude petroleum sold to refineries is an example of an unprocessed good sold to
intermediate demand.  The processed goods for intermediate demand index tracks price
change for fabricated goods sold as business inputs.  Examples include car parts sold to
car manufacturers and gasoline sold to trucking companies.  The index for trade services
for intermediate demand measures price change for the services of retailing and
wholesaling goods purchased by businesses as inputs to production. The intermediate
demand transportation and warehousing services index measures price change for business
travel, as well as, transportation and warehousing of cargo sold to intermediate demand.
The intermediate demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing index
measures price change for services other than trade, transportation, and warehousing sold
as inputs to production.  Legal and accounting services purchased by businesses are
examples of intermediate demand services excluding trade, transportation, and
warehousing.  Finally, the construction for intermediate demand index measures price
change for construction purchased by firms as inputs to production.  The index for
construction for intermediate demand tracks price change for maintenance and repair
construction purchased by firms.

   The production flow treatment of intermediate demand is a stage-based system of price
indexes. These indexes can be used to study price transmission across stages of
production and final demand. This system is constructed in a manner that maximizes
forward flow of production between stages, while minimizing back-flow of production. The
production flow treatment contains four main indexes: intermediate demand stage 1,
intermediate demand stage 2, intermediate demand stage 3, and intermediate demand stage
4.

   Indexes for the four stages were developed by first assigning each industry in the
economy to one of four stages of production, where industries assigned to the fourth
stage primarily produce output consumed as final demand, industries in the third stage
primarily produce output consumed by stage 4 industries, industries assigned to the
second stage primarily produce output consumed by stage 3 industries, and industries
assigned to the first stage produce output primarily consumed by stage 2 industries.  The
four indexes then track prices for the net inputs consumed by industries in each of the
four stages of production.  The stage 4 intermediate demand index, for example, tracks
price change for inputs consumed, but not produced, by industries included in the fourth
stage of production.  Hence, the index tracks price change in inputs to industries that
primarily produce final demand commodities (stage 4 producers primarily produce
commodities sold to final demand).

   Examples of heavily weighted goods-producing industries in stage 4 include the
manufacture of light trucks and utility vehicles, automobiles, and pharmaceuticals.
Retail trade, food service and drinking places, and hospitals are examples of heavily
weighted service industries included in stage 4.  Stage 4 also includes all new
construction industries.  Examples of goods consumed by stage 4 industries include motor
vehicle parts, commercial electric power, plastic construction products, biological
products, and beef and veal.  Engineering services, machinery and equipment wholesaling,
long distance motor carrying, and legal services constitute examples of services consumed
by stage 4 industries.

   Examples of highly weighted goods-producing industries included in stage 3 are motor
vehicle parts manufacturing, animal (except poultry) slaughtering and processing, and
semiconductor manufacturing.  Services industries classified in stage 3 include wholesale
trade; insurance carriers; architecture, engineering, and related services; and hotels
and motels.  Examples of goods consumed by stage 3 industries include slaughter steers
and heifers, industrial electric power, and hot rolled steel bars, plates, and structural
shapes.  Services commonly consumed by stage 3 industries include commissions from sales
of property and casualty insurance, business loans, temporary help services, and
administrative and general management consulting services.

   Petroleum refineries; electricity generation, transmission, and distribution; natural
gas distribution; cattle ranching and farming; and plastic materials and resin
manufacturing are among the goods-based industries assigned to stage 2.  Services
industries that are heavily weighted in stage 2 include management of companies and
enterprises; non-depository credit intermediation; insurance agencies and brokerages; and
services to buildings and dwellings. Goods commonly purchased by stage 2 industries
include crude oil, natural gas, formula feeds, and primary basic organic chemicals.
Services that are heavily weighted in the intermediate demand stage 2 index are legal
services, business loans, and cellular phone and other wireless telecommunication.

   Goods producing industries in stage 1 include oil and gas extraction, paper mills, and
grain farming.  Real estate, legal services, and advertising services are examples of
highly weighted services industries included in stage 1.  Examples of goods consumed by
stage 1 industries are commercial and industrial electric power and gasoline. Services
commonly consumed by stage 1 industries include solid waste collection, chemicals and
allied products wholesaling, and guestroom or unit rental.  It should be noted that all
inputs purchased by stage 1 industries are by definition produced either within stage 1
or by latter stages of processing, leaving stage 1 less useful for price transmission
analysis. For additional information on industry stage assignments, see www.bls.gov/ppi/
fd-id/ppi-intermediate-demand-by-production-flow-industry-stage-assignments.htm.


Comparing the PPI with CPI

   Although some data users utilize the PPI as a potential indicator of the Consumer
Price Index (CPI), there are many reasons why the PPI and the CPI may diverge. The scope
of the personal consumption portion of the PPI includes all marketable output sold by
domestic producers for households. The scope of the CPI includes goods and services
provided by business or government, where explicit user charges are paid by consumers.
For example, the most heavily weighted item in the CPI, owners' equivalent rent, is
excluded from the PPI. The scope of the CPI includes imports. The PPI excludes imports.
The CPI only includes components of personal consumption directly paid for by the
consumers, while the PPI includes components of personal consumption that may not be paid
for by consumers. For example, the PPI includes medical services paid for by third
parties. In contrast to CPI, PPI does not completely cover services. PPIs exclude taxes,
since they do not represent producer revenue. Conversely, sales and other taxes paid by
consumers are part of household expenditure and are included in the CPI. Additional
technical differences between PPI and CPI also exist. For more information see "Comparing
new final demand producer price indexes with other Government price indexes," Monthly
Labor Review, January 2014, at www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/.


Commodity Indexes

   The commodity classification of the PPI organizes goods, services, and construction by
similarity of product or end use, disregarding industry of origin. With the release of
data for July 2009, PPI expanded its commodity structure to include indexes for services
and construction products. Prior to this date, the PPI commodity structure only included
products from goods producing sectors. Table 9 of the PPI Detailed Report includes data
for commodity indexes, organized in a hierarchal structure, including major groupings,
subgroups, product classes, sub-product classes, and individual items.


Industry Net-Output Price Indexes

   PPIs for the net output of industries and their products are grouped according to the
North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).  Prior to the release of January
2004, industry-based PPIs were published according to the Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system.  Industry price indexes are compatible with other economic
time series organized by industry, such as data on employment, wages, and productivity.
Table 11 of the PPI Detailed Report includes data for NAICS industries and industry
groups (3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-digit codes), Census product classes (7- and 8-digit codes),
products (9-digit codes), more detailed sub-products (11-digit codes), and, for some
industries, indexes for other sources of revenue.

   Indexes may represent one of three kinds of product categories.  Every industry has
primary product indexes that show changes in prices received by establishments classified
in the industry for products made primarily, but not necessarily exclusively, by that
industry. The industry classification of an establishment is determined by which products
make up a plurality of its total shipment value.  In addition, most industries have
secondary product indexes that show changes in prices received by establishments for
products chiefly made in some other industry. Some industries have miscellaneous receipts
indexes that track price changes for other sources of revenue received by establishments
within the industry that are not derived from sales of their products; for example,
resales of purchased materials, or revenues from parking lots owned by a manufacturing
plant.


Data Collection

   PPIs are constructed using selling prices reported by establishments of all sizes,
selected by probability sampling, with the probability of selection proportionate to
size. Individual items and transaction terms also are chosen by probability proportionate
to size. BLS strongly encourages cooperating companies to supply actual transaction
prices at the time of shipment to minimize the use of list prices. Prices submitted
by survey respondents are effective on the Tuesday of the week containing the 13th day
of the month. The survey is conducted online via the BLS Internet Data Collection
Facility (IDCF).) Data provided by survey respondents are supplemented with data from
other sources for some areas.

   Price data are provided by survey respondents on a voluntary and confidential basis;
only sworn BLS employees are allowed access to individual company price reports.  BLS
publishes price indexes, not actual prices.  All PPIs are subject to monthly revisions
up to 4 months after original publication to reflect the availability of late reports and
corrections by respondents.

   BLS periodically updates the PPI sample of survey respondents to better reflect
current conditions when the structure, membership, technology, or product mix of an
industry shifts significantly and to spread reporting burden among smaller firms.
Information on these resampling efforts are noted in the PPI News Release and PPI
Detailed Report in the months they occur.

   As part of an ongoing effort to expand coverage to sectors of the economy other than
mining and manufacturing, an increasing number of service and construction sector
industries have been introduced into the PPI.  The following is a list of service and
construction sector industries introduced into the Producer Price Index, organized by
SIC or NAICS code at their date of introduction, and the PPI Detailed Report issue
that announced their introduction.
                                                                      PPI
                                                                      Detailed
                                                                      Report
              Title                                           Code    Issue

                                                              SIC
Wireless telecommunications...................................4812    July 1999
Telephone communications, except radio telephone..............4813    July 1995
Television broadcasting.......................................4833    July 2002
Grocery stores................................................5411    July 2000
Meat and fish (seafood) markets...............................5421    July 2000
Fruit and vegetable markets...................................5431    July 2000
Candy, nut, and confectionery stores..........................5441    July 2000
Retail bakeries...............................................5461    July 2000
Miscellaneous food stores.....................................5499    July 2000
New car dealers...............................................5511    July 2000
Gasoline service stations.....................................5541    January 2002
Boat dealers..................................................5551    January 2002
Recreational vehicle dealers..................................5561    January 2002
Miscellaneous retail..........................................59      January 2001
Security brokers, dealers, and investment bankers.............6211    January 2001
Investment advice.............................................6282    January 2003
Life insurance carriers.......................................6311    January 1999
Property and casualty insurance...............................6331    July 1998
Insurance agencies and brokerages.............................6412    January 2003
Operators and lessors of nonresidential buildings.............6512    January 1996
Real estate agents and managers...............................6531    January 1996
Prepackaged software..........................................7372    January 1998
Data processing services......................................7374    January 2002
Home health care services.....................................8082    January 1997
Legal services................................................8111    January 1997
Engineering design, analysis, and consulting services.........8711    January 1997
Architectural design, analysis, and consulting services.......8712    January 1997
Premiums for property and casualty insurance..................9331    July 1998

                                                              NAICS
New industrial building construction..........................236211  January 2008
New warehouse building construction...........................236221  July 2005
New school construction.......................................236222  July 2006
New office construction.......................................236223  January 2007
New health care building construction.........................236224  January 2013
Concrete contractors, nonresidential building work............23811X  July 2008
Roofing contractors, nonresidential building work.............23816X  July 2008
Electrical contractors, nonresidential building work..........23821X  July 2008
Plumbing / HVAC contractors, nonresidential building work.....23822X  July 2008
Merchant wholesalers, durable goods...........................423     July 2005
Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods........................424     July 2005
Furniture and home furnishings stores.........................442     January 2004
Electronics and appliance stores..............................443     January 2004
Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers...444     January 2004
Clothing and clothing accessories stores......................448     January 2004
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores.................451     January 2004
General merchandise stores....................................452     January 2004
Miscellaneous store retailers.................................453     January 2004
Pipeline transportation of natural gas........................486210  June 2022
Internet service providers....................................518111  July 2005
Internet publishing and web search portals....................519130  January 2010
Commercial banking............................................522110  January 2005
Savings institutions..........................................522120  January 2005
Direct health and medical insurance carriers..................524114  July 2004
Construction, mining, and forestry machinery and equipment
rental and leasing............................................532412  January 2005
Management consulting services................................541610  January 2007
Security guards and patrol services...........................561612  July 2005
Offices of dentists...........................................621210  January 2011
Blood and organ banks.........................................621991  January 2007
Amusement and theme parks.....................................713110  July 2006
Golf courses and country clubs................................713910  July 2006
Fitness and recreational sports centers.......................713940  July 2005
Commercial machinery repair and maintenance...................811310  July 2007


Weights

   Weights for most commodity groupings of the PPI, as well as, weights for commodity-
based aggregate indexes calculated from commodity groupings, such as FD-ID indexes,
currently reflect 2017 values of shipments as reported in the Census of Manufactures
and other sources. From January 2018 to December 2022, PPI weights were derived from
2012 shipment values. Industry indexes now are calculated under the 2022 NAICS structure
utilizing 2017 value of shipment weights and 2012 net output ratios. The periodic update
of the value weights used to calculate the PPI is done to more accurately reflect changes
in production and marketing patterns in the economy.

   Net output values of shipments are used as weights for industry indexes. Net output
values refer to the value of shipments from establishments within the industry to buyers
outside the industry. However, weights for commodity indexes are based on gross shipment
values, including values of shipments between establishments within the same industry. As
a result, broad commodity grouping indexes, such as the PPI for All Commodities (which is
composed of major commodity groupings 01 through 15), are affected by the multiple
counting of price change at successive stages of processing, which can lead to
exaggerated or misleading signals about inflation. The intermediate demand by commodity
type FD-ID indexes partially correct for this defect, but industry indexes, final demand
FD-ID indexes, and intermediate demand by production flow FD-ID indexes consistently
correct for this at all levels of aggregation.  Therefore, industry and FD-ID indexes are
more appropriate than broad commodity groupings for analysis of general price trends.


Price Index Reference Base

   Effective with publication of January 1988 data, many important PPI series (including
most commodity groups and individual items) were placed on a new reference base, 1982 =
100.  From 1971 through 1987, the standard reference base for most PPI series was 1967 =
100.  Except for rounding differences, the shift to the new reference base did not alter
any previously published percent changes for affected PPI series. (See "Calculating Index
Changes," below.)  The 1982 reference base is not used for commodity indexes with a base
later than December 1981 or for industry net output indexes and their products.  The FD-
ID indexes typically have a reference base of November 2009 = 100.

   For further information on the underlying concepts and methodology of the Producer
Price Index, see chapter 14, "Producer Prices," in the BLS Handbook of Methods.  This
chapter can be downloaded from the BLS Web site at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/homch14.htm.


Calculating Index Changes

   Each PPI measures price changes from a reference period that equals 100.0.  An
increase of 5.5 percent from the reference period in the Final Demand Goods Price Index,
for example, is shown as 105.5.  This change also can be expressed in dollars, as
follows:  prices received by domestic producers of a sample of final demand goods have
risen from $100 in November 2009 to $105.50.  Likewise, a current index of 90.0 would
indicate that prices received by producers of final demand goods are 10 percent lower
than they were in November 2009.

   Movements of price indexes from one month to another are usually expressed as percent
changes, rather than as changes in index points.  Index point changes are affected by the
level of the index in relation to its base period, whereas percent changes are not.  The
following example shows the computation of index point and percent changes.

   Index point change
      Final Demand Goods Price Index     107.5
      Less previous index                104.0
      Equals index point change            3.5

   Index percent change
      Index point change                   3.5
      Divided by the previous index      104.0
      Equals                             0.034
      Result multiplied by 100           0.034 x 100
      Equals percent change                3.4


Seasonally Adjusted and Unadjusted Data

   Because price data are used for different purposes by different groups, BLS publishes
seasonally adjusted and unadjusted changes each month.  Seasonally adjusted data are
preferred for analyzing general price trends in the economy because these data eliminate
the effect of changes that normally occur at about the same time, and in about the same
magnitude, every year-such as price movements resulting from normal weather patterns,
regular production and marketing cycles, model changeovers, seasonal discounts, and
holidays.  For these reasons, seasonally adjusted data more clearly reveal underlying
trends.  Unadjusted data are of primary interest to users who need information that can
be related to actual dollar values of transactions.  Individuals requiring this
information include marketing specialists, purchasing agents, budget and cost analysts,
contract specialists, and commodity traders.  It is the unadjusted data that are
generally cited when escalating long-term contracts such as purchasing agreements or real
estate leases.  For more information, see Price Adjustment Guide for Contracting Parties,
on the Web at www.bls.gov/ppi/publications/price-adjustment-guide-for-contracting-
parties.htm.

   Seasonal adjustment is accomplished using X-13 ARIMA, a software package published by
the U.S. Census Bureau.  Each year, the seasonal status of most commodity indexes is
reevaluated to reflect more recent price behavior. Industry net output indexes are not
seasonally adjusted.  For time series that exhibit seasonal pricing patterns, new
seasonal factors are estimated and applied to the unadjusted data from the prior 5 years.
Updated seasonally adjusted indexes replace the most recent 5 years of seasonal data.

   Seasonal factors may be applied to series using either a direct or an aggregative
method. Generally, commodity indexes are seasonally adjusted using direct seasonal
adjustment, which produces a more complete elimination of seasonal movements than does
the aggregative method.  However, the direct seasonal adjustment process may not yield
figures that possess additive consistency.  Thus, a seasonally adjusted index for a broad
category that is directly adjusted may not be logically consistent with all seasonally
adjusted indexes for its components.  Seasonal movements for FD-ID indexes are derived
indirectly through an aggregative method that combines movements of a wide variety of
subproduct class (six-digit) series.

   Seasonally adjusted indexes can become problematic when previously stable and
predictable price patterns abruptly change.  If the new pattern persists, the seasonal
adjustment method will eventually reflect it; if the pattern keeps shifting, however,
seasonally adjusted data will become chronically troublesome.  This problem occurs
relatively infrequently for farm and food-related products, but has more often affected
manufactured products such as automobiles and steel.

Since January 1988, the PPI has used Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment methods
to enhance the calculation of seasonal factors.  With this technique, outlier values that
may distort the seasonal pattern are removed from the data prior to applying the standard
seasonal factor estimation procedure.  For example, a possible economic cause for large
price movements for petroleum-based products might have been the COVID-19 pandemic. In
this case, intervention techniques allowed for better estimates of seasonally adjusted
data. On the whole, very few series have required intervention.  Out of over 400 seasonally
adjusted commodity series, 69 were subject to intervention in 2023.

   For more information relating to seasonal adjustment methods, see “PPI and CPI Seasonal
Adjustment: an Update” in the July 2010 Monthly Labor Review, and “PPI and CPI Seasonal
Adjustment During the COVID-19 Pandemic” in the May 2022 Monthly Labor Review.


Producer Price Index Data on the Internet

   In 1995, the BLS began posting PPI series, news releases, and technical information to
the internet. There were more than 13 million instances of PPI data being downloaded from
the BLS website during 2022.


Retrieving PPI data from the PPI Web site

   PPI data can be obtained online (www.bls.gov/ppi). On this page, under the tab labeled
"Featured PPI databases" links provide the following methods of data retrieval:

   Top Picks is a form-based application for both Industry Data and Commodity Data that
allows the user to quickly obtain PPI time series data by selecting the high-level
aggregate and other commonly requested time series, including the All Commodities Index
and the FD-ID indexes (for example, Final Demand).  Within each list, any one-or all-of
the time series shown can be selected.  A user can modify the date range and output
options after executing the query, using the reformat button above the data output table.

   One-Screen Data Search and Multi-Screen Data Search are form-based query applications
for both Industry Data and Commodity Data designed for users unfamiliar with the PPI
coding structure.  These applications guide a user through the PPI classification by
listing index titles and do not require knowledge of commodity or industry codes.  Data
retrieved are based on a query formulated by selecting data characteristics from lists
provided.  Two options are available to create customized tables, depending on a user's
browser capability.  The one-screen option is a JavaScript application that uses a single
screen to guide a user through the available time series data.  The second option is a
multiple-screen, non-Java-based application.  Both methods allow a user to browse the PPI
coding structure and select multiple series.  Users can modify the date range and output
options after executing the query using the reformat button above the data output table.

   Series Report is a form-based application that allows users to input multiple,
formatted PPI time series identifiers (commodity or industry codes) as inputs in
extracting data according to a specified set of date ranges and output options.  This
application provides the most efficient path for users who are familiar with the format
of PPI time series identifiers.  There are five alphabetic prefixes used to create unique
PPI time series identifiers:  WP, WD, PC, PD, and ND.  Each provides the user access to a
different PPI database.  Adding either a "u" (not seasonally adjusted) or an "s"
(seasonally adjusted) to the end of these prefixes further specifies the type of data
needed. Examples are provided below.

   For commodity and FD-ID indexes, series identifiers combine a "wpu" prefix (not
seasonally adjusted) or a "wps" prefix (seasonally adjusted) with a commodity code.

Commodity code   Provides data for:
wps141101        Passenger cars, seasonally adjusted
wpu141101        Passenger cars, not seasonally adjusted
wpufd4           Final demand, not seasonally adjusted
wpsid63          Services for intermediate demand, seasonally adjusted

   For discontinued commodity indexes, series identifiers combine a "wdu" prefix (not
seasonally adjusted) or a "wds" prefix (seasonally adjusted) with a commodity code.

Commodity code   Provides data for:
wds019           Other farm products, seasonally adjusted
wdu0635          Preparations, ethical (prescription), not seasonally adjusted
wdusi138011      Stainless steel mill products, not seasonally adjusted

   Current price indexes grouped by industry according to NAICS have series identifiers
that begin with the prefix "pcu." After the prefix, there are 12 digits (the 6-digit
industry code is listed twice) followed by up to 7 alphanumeric characters identifying
product detail.  Dashes are used as placeholders for higher-level industry group codes.

Industry-product code,
current NAICS series        Provides data for:
pcu325---325---             Chemical manufacturing
pcu336110336110             Automobile and light duty motor vehicle manufacturing
pcu621111621111411          Offices of physicians, one- and two-physician practices and
                            single-specialty group practices, general/family practice

   Discontinued industry-product codes based on SIC combine a "pdu" prefix and "#"
between the fourth and fifth characters of the product code.  Series identifiers for the
discontinued dataset use underscores as placeholders to complete a reference to an SIC
industry group code of fewer than four digits.  (All PPI industry-based indexes organized
by SIC were discontinued with the introduction of NAICS in 2004.)

Industry-product code,
discontinued SIC series     Provides data for:
pdu28_ _#                   Chemicals and allied products
pdu331_#                    Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling and finishing mills
pdu3711#111                 Passenger cars

   Price indexes for discontinued series grouped by industry according to NAICS have
identifiers that begin with the prefix "ndu." After the prefix, there are 12 numeric
digits (the 6-digit industry code is listed twice), and up to 7 additional alphanumeric
characters that identify product detail.  Dashes are used as placeholders for higher-
level group codes.

Industry-product code,
discontinued NAICS series   Provides data for
ndu212231212231             Lead and zinc ore mining
ndu2122312122312            Lead, zinc concentrates
ndu212231212231214          Lead  concentrates

   Text Files are best suited for users requiring access to either a large volume of time
series data or other PPI-related documentation, such as seasonal factor tables and
relative importance tables. The text files can be accessed at download.bls.gov/ or
directly from links on the "PPI Databases" page or the PPI homepage. Data and
documentation available for download include the following:

                                       Directory:
Industry Data                          /pub/time.series/pc
Industry Data - Discontinued
                  (NAICS basis)        /pub/time.series/nd
                  (SIC basis)          /pub/time.series/pd
Commodity Data (incl. FD-ID)           /pub/time.series/wp
Commodity Data - Discontinued          /pub/time.series/wd
Special requests                       /pub/special.requests/ppi


Additional information

   The PPI homepage (www.bls.gov/ppi) contains additional information regarding PPI
data and methodology. The "PPI Publications" section of the homepage provides PPI news
releases, both current and archived, as well as general PPI information.  The “PPI Tables”
section provides relative importance and seasonal factor tables.  The remaining sections
offer special notices and publications pertaining to PPI methodology and applications.

   For questions or comments regarding PPI data classification, methodology, or data
availability on the Internet, call or e-mail the Section of Index Analysis and Public
Information at (202) 691-7705 or ppi-info@bls.gov. If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or
have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services.



Table 1. Producer price index percentage changes and weights for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted [April 2023]
Grouping Commodity code Relative
Importance
Dec.
2022(1)
Unadjusted
12-month
percent
change(2)
Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change(2)
Group
code
Item
code
Apr. 2022
to
Apr. 2023(p)
Nov. to
Dec.
Dec. to
Jan.(p)
Jan. to
Feb.(p)
Feb. to
Mar.(p)
Mar. to
Apr.(p)

Final Demand

Final demand

FD

4

100.000 2.3 -0.3 0.4 0.0 -0.4 0.2

Final demand goods

FD

41

30.721 0.8 -1.4 1.2 -0.4 -1.0 0.2

Final demand foods

FD

411

5.953 2.5 -0.9 -1.3 -2.3 0.3 -0.5

Finished consumer foods(3)

FD

4111

4.521 4.1 -0.8 -1.3 -2.6 0.8 -0.5

Finished consumer foods, crude

FD

41113

0.606 6.6 -0.9 -17.3 -18.9 4.0 2.0

Finished consumer foods, processed

FD

41112

3.915 3.2 -0.8 1.2 -0.6 0.5 -0.8

Government purchased foods

FD

4112

0.408 0.9 -0.2 0.0 -1.3 0.3 -1.1

Foods for export

FD

4113

1.024 -4.2 -1.4 -2.0 -1.2 -1.9 0.1

Final demand energy

FD

412

5.845 -8.1 -6.3 5.4 -0.8 -6.0 0.8

Finished consumer energy goods(3)

FD

4121

4.458 -4.8 -4.5 5.6 0.0 -6.5 2.3

Government purchased energy

FD

4122

0.933 -16.8 -12.7 7.2 -3.2 -5.0 -4.1

Energy for export

FD

4123

0.454 -21.7 -11.9 1.4 -3.7 -2.0 -4.7

Final demand goods less foods and energy

FD

413

18.922 3.3 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.2

Finished goods less foods and energy(3)

FD

4131

10.796 5.4 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.1

Finished consumer goods less foods and energy

FD

41311

5.749 5.3 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.1

Nondurable consumer goods less foods and energy

FD

413111

3.454 6.3 0.0 0.8 0.7 0.1 0.2

Durable consumer goods

FD

413112

2.295 3.7 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.2 -0.1

Private capital equipment

FD

41312

5.047 5.5 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.4 0.1

Private capital equipment for manufacturing industries

FD

413121

1.225 6.3 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.4 0.2

Private capital equipment for nonmanufacturing industries

FD

413122

3.822 5.3 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.4 0.1

Government purchased goods, excluding foods and energy

FD

4132

1.972 2.8 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0

Government purchased goods excluding foods, energy, and capital equipment

FD

41321

1.163 2.8 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Government purchased capital equipment

FD

41322

0.809 2.6 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0

Goods for export, excluding foods and energy

FD

4133

6.154 -0.2 -0.2 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.4

Final demand services

FD

42

66.603 3.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.3

Final demand trade services(4)

FD

423

19.642 2.6 0.3 -1.2 0.2 -0.4 0.5

Trade of finished goods(3)

FD

4231

16.988 2.4 0.4 -1.2 0.3 -0.6 0.4

Trade of personal consumption goods

FD

42311

13.855 3.1 0.4 -0.9 0.4 -0.8 0.5

Trade of private capital equipment

FD

42312

3.133 -0.6 0.3 -2.9 0.0 0.5 -0.2

Trade of government purchased goods

FD

4232

0.746 3.4 -0.1 -1.6 0.4 -0.3 1.1

Trade of government purchased goods, excluding capital equipment

FD

42321

0.463 5.6 -1.0 -0.5 0.3 -0.1 1.9

Trade of government purchased capital equipment

FD

42322

0.283 -0.1 1.3 -3.3 0.4 -0.7 -0.3

Trade of exports

FD

4233

1.908 3.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 0.6 0.9

Final demand transportation and warehousing services

FD

422

5.218 -2.3 0.0 -0.5 -0.8 -0.6 -1.7

Transportation of passengers for final demand

FD

4221

1.282 6.2 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Transportation of private passengers

FD

42211

0.865 6.2 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Transportation of government passengers

FD

42212

0.103 6.2 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Transportation of passengers for export

FD

42213

0.314 6.3 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Transportation and warehousing of goods for final demand

FD

4222

3.936 -5.1 -1.1 -1.4 -0.7 -1.1 -1.3

Transportation and warehousing of finished goods(3)

FD

42221

2.565 -5.8 -1.2 -1.6 -0.8 -1.2 -1.4

Transportation and warehousing of personal consumption goods

FD

422211

2.062 -5.5 -1.2 -1.5 -0.8 -1.1 -1.4

Transportation and warehousing of private capital equipment

FD

422212

0.503 -6.7 -1.2 -1.9 -0.9 -1.2 -1.5

Transportation and warehousing of government purchased goods

FD

42222

0.233 -3.0 -0.9 -0.9 -0.4 -0.9 -1.2

Transportation and warehousing of exports

FD

42223

1.138 -4.0 -1.1 -1.1 -0.6 -1.0 -1.1

Final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

FD

421

41.742 3.8 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.4

Finished services less trade, transportation, and warehousing(3)

FD

4211

36.483 3.6 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.4

Finished consumer services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

FD

42111

32.129 3.6 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.5

Private capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

FD

42112

4.354 3.5 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.0

Government purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

FD

4212

2.674 2.7 0.3 0.8 0.2 -0.1 0.5

Gov. purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing, excl. capital investment

FD

42121

2.515 2.8 0.2 0.8 0.1 -0.1 0.6

Government purchased capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

FD

42122

0.159 1.3 0.4 1.4 0.6 0.0 -0.6

Services for export less trade, transportation, and warehousing

FD

4213

2.585 7.0 0.5 1.6 1.5 -0.5 0.4

Final demand construction

FD

43

2.676 11.2 0.0 1.9 0.0 0.1 -0.3

Construction for private capital investment

FD

431

1.861 11.8 0.1 1.9 0.0 0.1 -0.3

Construction for government

FD

432

0.815 10.0 0.0 1.8 0.1 0.2 -0.3

Special Groupings of Final Demand

Final demand less exports

FD

49101

86.423 2.7 -0.3 0.4 0.0 -0.4 0.3

Final demand less government

FD

49102

92.116 2.5 -0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.3

Final demand less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy(5)

FD

49103

87.788 3.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.3

Final demand less foods and energy(5)

FD

49104

88.202 3.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2

Final demand less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption(5)

FD

49105

93.633 2.3 -0.3 0.5 0.2 -0.4 0.3

Final demand less foods(5)

FD

49106

94.047 2.3 -0.3 0.5 0.2 -0.4 0.3

Final demand less energy

FD

49107

94.155 3.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2

Final demand less trade services

FD

49108

80.358 2.3 -0.5 0.8 0.0 -0.3 0.2

Final demand less distributive services(6)

FD

49109

76.422 2.6 -0.4 0.9 0.0 -0.3 0.3

Final demand goods less energy

FD

49111

24.875 3.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.0

Final demand goods less foods

FD

49112

24.767 0.5 -1.5 1.9 0.0 -1.3 0.3

Final demand services less trade services

FD

49113

46.960 3.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.2

Final demand distributive services(6)

FD

49114

23.578 1.3 0.1 -1.2 0.1 -0.5 0.2

Final demand goods plus final demand distributive services(6)

FD

49115

54.298 1.0 -0.8 0.2 -0.2 -0.8 0.2

Final demand less foods, energy, and trade services(5)

FD

49116

68.560 3.4 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.2

Private and government purchased capital equipment

FD

49117

5.856 5.1 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.1

Private and government purchased capital investment services

FD

49118

8.432 1.1 0.2 -1.1 0.0 0.2 -0.2

Total private and government purchased capital investment

FD

49119

14.288 3.8 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.1

Total finished(3)

FD

49201

78.537 2.9 -0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.4 0.3

Total finished less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy(3)(5)

FD

49202

69.149 3.5 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2

Total finished less foods and energy(3)(5)

FD

49203

69.558 3.5 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2

Total finished less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption(3)(5)

FD

49204

73.607 2.8 -0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.4 0.4

Total finished less foods(3)(5)

FD

49205

74.016 2.8 -0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.4 0.4

Total finished less energy(3)

FD

49206

74.079 3.5 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2

Finished goods(3)

FD

49207

19.775 2.6 -1.1 1.4 -0.4 -1.3 0.5

Finished goods less energy(3)

FD

49208

15.317 5.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.1

Finished goods, excluding foods(3)(5)

FD

49209

15.254 2.2 -1.2 2.3 0.2 -1.9 0.7

Finished services(3)

FD

49210

56.901 2.9 0.3 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.3

Private capital investment services

FD

49211

7.990 1.1 0.2 -1.0 0.0 0.2 -0.2

Finished distributive services(3)(6)

FD

49212

19.553 1.4 0.2 -1.3 0.2 -0.6 0.2

Finished services less trade services(3)

FD

49213

39.913 3.0 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3

Finished services less distributive services(3)(6)

FD

49214

37.348 3.7 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.4

Total private capital investment (goods, services, and construction)

FD

49215

14.898 3.7 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.1

Finished goods plus finished distributive services(3)(6)

FD

49216

39.328 2.0 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 -1.0 0.3

Total exports

FD

49301

13.577 0.3 -0.6 0.4 0.1 -0.2 0.1

Goods for export

FD

49302

7.632 -2.1 -1.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.1

Services for export

FD

49303

5.945 3.7 0.0 0.6 0.4 -0.2 0.1

Total government purchases

FD

49401

7.884 0.5 -1.7 1.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.4

Government purchased goods

FD

49402

3.313 -3.3 -3.6 2.3 -1.1 -1.4 -1.3

Government purchased services

FD

49403

3.756 2.7 0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.4

Total government purchased capital investment (goods, services, construction)

FD

49404

2.066 4.7 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1 -0.2

Government purchases, defense

FD

49405

2.342 -2.1 -2.0 1.3 -0.5 -0.5 -1.2

Government purchases, non-defense

FD

49406

5.542 1.6 -1.6 1.2 -0.4 -0.7 0.0

Personal consumption

FD

49501

63.639 2.7 -0.2 0.4 0.0 -0.5 0.4

Personal consumption goods (finished consumer goods)

FD

49502

14.728 1.5 -1.6 1.7 -0.6 -1.9 0.6

Personal consumption goods less energy

FD

49503

10.270 4.7 -0.3 -0.2 -0.9 0.4 -0.2

Personal consumption goods less foods

FD

49504

10.207 0.6 -2.0 3.0 0.2 -2.9 1.1

Personal consumption nondurable goods less foods

FD

49508

7.912 0.0 -2.5 3.7 0.3 -3.8 1.4

Personal consumption services

FD

49505

48.911 3.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.4

Personal consumption less trade services

FD

49506

49.784 2.6 -0.4 0.8 0.0 -0.4 0.4

Personal consumption less distributive services(6)

FD

49507

47.722 2.9 -0.4 0.9 0.0 -0.4 0.5

Personal consumption less foods and energy

FD

49510

54.660 3.4 0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.3

Personal consumption less foods, energy, and trade services(4)

FD

49511

40.805 3.5 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.3

Personal consumption less foods, energy, and distributive services(6)

FD

49512

38.743 4.0 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.4

Personal consumption goods plus personal consumption distributive services(6)

FD

49509

30.645 1.7 -0.7 0.3 -0.2 -1.3 0.4

Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type

Processed goods

Processed goods for intermediate demand

ID6

1

100.000 -3.2 -2.5 1.1 -0.5 -0.9 -0.4

Materials and components for manufacturing

ID6

11

42.988 -3.6 -0.7 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.3

Materials for manufacturing

ID6

111

27.087 -7.5 -1.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 0.4

Materials for food manufacturing

ID6

1111

4.441 -3.0 -0.6 0.2 -2.3 0.0 -1.1

Materials for nondurable manufacturing

ID6

1112

12.298 -6.8 -1.0 -0.3 -1.1 -0.7 0.0

Materials for durable manufacturing

ID6

1113

10.348 -9.7 -1.4 -0.9 1.2 -0.1 1.4

Components for manufacturing

ID6

112

15.901 4.0 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2

Components for nondurable manufacturing

ID6

1121

0.796 2.6 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.3

Components for durable manufacturing

ID6

1122

15.105 4.1 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2

Materials and components for construction

ID6

12

10.365 0.8 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0

Materials for construction

ID6

121

4.589 -2.6 -0.7 -0.6 0.2 0.1 0.1

Components for construction

ID6

122

5.776 3.5 0.0 0.5 -0.1 0.7 0.0

Processed fuels and lubricants for intermediate demand

ID6

13

19.623 -10.8 -9.8 5.3 -1.7 -4.1 -2.3

Processed fuels and lubricants to manufacturing industries

ID6

131

4.883 -7.0 -5.6 2.8 -3.8 -0.8 -3.5

Processed fuels and lubricants to nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

132

14.740 -12.1 -11.2 6.1 -1.0 -5.0 -1.9

Containers for intermediate demand

ID6

14

3.112 3.5 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.2

Supplies for intermediate demand

ID6

15

23.911 2.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.2

Supplies to manufacturing industries

ID6

151

3.184 1.3 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

152

20.727 2.3 -0.2 0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.2

Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, feeds

ID6

1521

2.361 -1.8 -0.5 -0.5 -2.2 -1.6 -1.5

Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, other than feeds

ID6

1522

18.366 2.8 -0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 -0.1

Unprocessed goods

Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand

ID6

2

100.000 -19.2 1.5 -4.6 -4.8 -4.1 1.7

Unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs

ID6

21

35.620 -10.3 -0.2 -5.8 -1.0 -0.6 -1.4

Unprocessed nonfood materials

ID6

22

64.381 -23.7 2.5 -4.0 -6.8 -6.1 3.6

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel

ID6

221

45.037 -16.7 -7.2 0.6 1.9 -4.0 7.4

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to manufacturing industries

ID6

2211

43.152 -17.8 -7.6 0.5 1.9 -4.2 7.7

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

2212

1.885 12.7 0.6 3.4 0.5 0.0 1.5

Unprocessed fuel

ID6

222

19.344 -53.9 22.8 -14.8 -30.8 -14.6 -14.0

Unprocessed fuel to manufacturing industries

ID6

2221

1.007 -16.0 0.3 -3.8 -9.3 -3.7 -2.1

Unprocessed fuel to nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

2222

18.337 -56.1 24.5 -15.4 -32.1 -15.5 -15.1

Services

Services for intermediate demand

ID6

3

100.000 4.5 0.0 1.0 0.3 -0.2 0.7

Trade services for intermediate demand(4)

ID6

33

18.467 1.8 -1.3 0.7 -0.3 1.0 1.5

Trade services for manufacturing industries

ID6

331

9.100 4.5 -1.4 2.0 -0.5 2.0 1.5

Trade services for nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

332

9.367 -0.9 -1.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 1.4

Transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand

ID6

32

14.424 -1.0 0.0 0.3 -0.1 -0.6 -0.8

Transportation of passengers for intermediate demand

ID6

321

1.070 6.2 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Transportation of passengers for manufacturing industries

ID6

3211

0.127 6.3 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Transportation of passengers for nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

3212

0.943 6.2 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Transportation and warehousing of goods for intermediate demand

ID6

322

13.354 -1.6 -0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.8 -0.7

Transportation and warehousing of goods for manufacturing industries

ID6

3221

2.932 -1.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.4 -0.8 -1.0

Transportation and warehousing of goods for nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

3222

10.422 -1.5 -0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.8 -0.6

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand

ID6

31

67.109 6.8 0.4 1.1 0.6 -0.4 0.8

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for manufacturing industries

ID6

311

2.057 4.6 0.2 1.2 0.3 0.2 0.5

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

312

65.052 6.9 0.4 1.1 0.6 -0.4 0.8

Construction

Construction for intermediate demand

ID6

4

100.000 4.7 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.8

Special Groupings of Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type

Processed materials less foods and feeds

ID6

9111

90.955 -3.3 -2.7 1.2 -0.3 -0.9 -0.3

Processed foods and feeds

ID6

9112

9.045 -1.8 -0.6 0.2 -2.0 -0.3 -1.2

Processed energy goods

ID6

9113

19.623 -10.8 -9.8 5.3 -1.7 -4.1 -2.3

Processed materials less energy

ID6

9118

80.377 -1.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.1

Processed materials less foods and energy

ID6

9115

71.332 -1.1 -0.4 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.3

Intermediate distributive services(7)

ID6

9116

31.821 0.3 -1.0 0.5 -0.2 0.2 0.6

Processed goods plus intermediate distributive services

ID6

9117

- -2.2 -2.1 0.9 -0.4 -0.5 -0.1

Unprocessed materials less agricultural products

ID6

9211

58.886 -24.5 3.5 -4.6 -7.8 -6.3 4.0

Unprocessed energy materials(8)

ID6

9212

44.011 -29.1 5.2 -7.4 -11.1 -9.9 5.2

Unprocessed materials less energy

ID6

9213

55.989 -11.9 -0.8 -2.9 -0.5 -0.6 -0.2

Unprocessed nonfood materials less energy(9)

ID6

9216

20.369 -14.0 -1.7 2.2 0.4 -0.6 1.8

Intermediate Demand by Production Flow

Stage 4 Intermediate Demand

Stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

4

100.000 2.9 -0.4 1.0 0.0 -0.2 0.4

Inputs to stage 4 goods producers

ID5

41

30.323 1.8 -0.5 0.4 -0.1 0.3 0.3

Goods

ID5

411

22.393 0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.0

Foods

ID5

4111

3.288 -3.7 -1.7 0.0 -1.1 -2.1 -0.3

Energy

ID5

4112

0.202 -6.1 -0.3 -3.7 -0.6 4.0 -10.6

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

4113

18.903 1.5 -0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.2

Services

ID5

412

7.930 5.0 -1.0 1.5 -0.5 2.1 1.1

Trade services

ID5

4123

5.937 5.7 -1.3 1.8 -0.7 2.8 1.4

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

4122

0.515 -0.6 -0.1 0.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.9

Transportation of passengers

ID5

41221

0.078 6.3 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

41222

0.437 -1.8 -0.6 -0.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

4121

1.478 4.4 0.2 1.0 0.3 0.1 0.5

Inputs to stage 4 services producers

ID5

42

54.857 4.7 0.0 1.4 0.1 -0.5 0.5

Goods

ID5

421

13.958 1.8 -0.8 1.8 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6

Foods

ID5

4211

2.359 -4.1 -1.2 0.1 -1.6 0.2 -1.5

Energy

ID5

4212

4.105 2.0 -2.1 4.4 -0.9 -2.7 -0.8

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

4213

7.494 3.6 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Services

ID5

422

40.847 5.7 0.3 1.2 0.3 -0.4 0.8

Trade services

ID5

4223

4.133 5.5 -0.9 0.6 -0.5 0.6 1.5

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

4222

3.688 3.3 0.5 1.6 0.4 -0.4 -0.6

Transportation of passengers

ID5

42221

0.491 6.3 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

42222

3.197 2.8 0.1 1.5 0.6 -0.5 -0.3

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

4221

33.026 6.1 0.5 1.3 0.4 -0.6 0.9

Construction

ID5

423

0.052 4.7 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.8

Inputs to stage 4 construction producers

ID5

43

14.819 -0.8 -1.5 0.7 0.1 -0.1 0.4

Goods

ID5

431

10.791 -0.3 -1.6 0.8 0.1 -0.3 0.4

Energy

ID5

4312

0.840 -14.6 -13.8 6.6 0.5 -8.1 3.9

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

4313

9.951 1.3 -0.3 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.1

Services

ID5

432

4.028 -2.0 -1.1 0.3 -0.2 0.4 0.5

Trade services

ID5

4323

1.737 -4.4 -2.1 1.2 -0.3 1.4 1.0

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

4322

0.722 -6.1 -1.1 -1.5 -0.9 -1.1 -1.4

Transportation of passengers

ID5

43221

0.015 6.3 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

43222

0.707 -6.4 -1.2 -1.6 -0.9 -1.2 -1.4

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

4321

1.569 4.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.7

Stage 3 Intermediate Demand

Stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

3

100.000 -3.6 -2.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1

Inputs to stage 3 goods producers

ID5

31

45.396 -6.7 -1.3 -1.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.2

Goods

ID5

311

35.711 -8.5 -1.4 -2.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4

Foods

ID5

3111

11.819 -12.6 -0.5 -5.4 -1.7 -0.1 -2.0

Energy

ID5

3112

1.238 -17.5 -16.6 1.2 -2.4 1.2 -4.1

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

3113

22.654 -5.7 -0.7 -0.4 0.4 -0.1 0.6

Services

ID5

312

9.685 0.8 -1.0 1.4 -0.3 0.8 0.6

Trade services

ID5

3123

5.316 2.2 -1.4 2.9 -0.2 1.9 1.6

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

3122

3.003 -3.2 -0.7 -1.2 -0.7 -0.9 -1.2

Transportation of passengers

ID5

31221

0.144 6.3 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

31222

2.859 -3.7 -0.9 -1.4 -0.7 -1.0 -1.1

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

3121

1.366 5.2 0.0 1.1 0.4 0.2 0.7

Inputs to stage 3 services producers

ID5

32

53.446 -0.3 -2.6 1.6 -0.2 -1.1 0.0

Goods

ID5

321

10.524 -13.6 -11.4 5.2 -2.2 -3.5 -3.1

Foods

ID5

3211

0.090 1.9 -0.4 2.3 -1.7 -1.0 -2.6

Energy

ID5

3212

6.519 -21.6 -17.0 8.1 -3.5 -5.5 -4.8

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

3213

3.915 2.4 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Services

ID5

322

42.349 4.0 0.4 0.7 0.3 -0.5 0.7

Trade services

ID5

3223

2.635 5.0 -0.5 -1.2 1.2 -1.3 1.7

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

3222

10.001 -2.0 0.1 0.9 0.2 -0.7 -0.5

Transportation of passengers

ID5

32221

0.021 1.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

32222

9.980 -2.0 0.1 0.9 0.2 -0.7 -0.5

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

3221

29.713 5.9 0.6 0.8 0.2 -0.4 1.0

Construction

ID5

323

0.573 4.7 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.8

Inputs to stage 3 construction producers

ID5

33

1.157 -10.3 -2.5 -0.4 -1.1 -0.1 0.1

Goods

ID5

331

0.569 -4.9 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

3313

0.569 -4.9 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2

Services

ID5

332

0.588 -13.5 -3.8 -0.2 -1.9 0.1 0.3

Trade services

ID5

3323

0.543 -14.4 -4.0 -0.3 -2.1 0.1 0.3

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

3322

0.016 5.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.0

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

33222

0.016 5.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.0

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

3321

0.029 6.7 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.7

Stage 2 Intermediate Demand

Stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

2

100.000 -5.1 1.0 -1.0 -1.4 -2.2 1.2

Inputs to stage 2 goods producers

ID5

21

54.614 -13.7 1.4 -2.6 -3.8 -3.6 1.8

Goods

ID5

211

41.174 -19.0 1.9 -3.7 -5.2 -4.9 2.1

Foods

ID5

2111

4.315 -6.0 -0.6 -2.4 -0.8 -2.9 -0.5

Energy

ID5

2112

21.420 -30.0 4.4 -6.9 -10.4 -9.9 4.4

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

2113

15.439 -6.6 -0.6 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.5

Services

ID5

212

13.177 6.7 -0.3 0.7 0.6 0.0 1.0

Trade services

ID5

2123

5.199 5.1 -0.9 0.2 -0.4 0.6 2.6

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

2122

4.453 4.4 -0.4 0.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.6

Transportation of passengers

ID5

21221

0.167 6.0 3.1 2.2 -1.0 0.7 -2.8

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

21222

4.286 4.3 -0.6 0.3 0.6 -0.2 -0.6

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

2121

3.525 13.0 1.0 1.8 2.0 -0.6 0.8

Construction

ID5

213

0.263 4.7 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.8

Inputs to stage 2 services producers

ID5

22

45.386 6.6 0.5 0.9 1.3 -0.7 0.5

Goods

ID5

221

5.020 0.6 -0.9 0.7 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2

Foods

ID5

2211

0.055 -10.2 -1.2 -1.4 -2.3 -3.0 -1.0

Energy

ID5

2212

0.350 -11.9 -10.7 7.9 -1.6 -7.0 -2.4

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

2213

4.615 1.7 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.1

Services

ID5

222

39.489 7.6 0.8 1.0 1.5 -0.8 0.6

Trade services

ID5

2223

2.263 -3.0 4.2 -4.2 0.0 -3.7 0.7

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

2222

2.842 -14.4 1.0 -1.6 -1.0 -1.6 -1.5

Transportation of passengers

ID5

22221

0.388 6.3 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

22222

2.454 -17.2 0.7 -2.2 -1.0 -1.9 -1.2

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

2221

34.384 10.5 0.5 1.5 1.8 -0.6 0.7

Construction

ID5

223

0.877 4.7 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.8

Stage 1 Intermediate Demand

Stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

1

100.000 -0.8 -1.8 0.8 -0.4 -0.4 0.0

Inputs to stage 1 goods producers

ID5

11

33.622 -4.8 -1.5 0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1

Goods

ID5

111

24.730 -7.3 -1.8 0.0 -0.4 -1.0 -0.5

Foods

ID5

1111

3.334 -10.4 -2.2 -0.4 -0.8 -4.4 -0.8

Energy

ID5

1112

3.858 -6.3 -4.4 2.4 -1.6 -1.7 -5.5

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

1113

17.538 -7.0 -1.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.7

Services

ID5

112

8.891 2.2 -1.0 2.0 -0.3 0.8 0.9

Trade services

ID5

1123

5.434 1.5 -1.5 3.1 -0.7 1.6 1.2

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

1122

0.606 7.7 -0.2 -0.1 0.6 -0.2 -0.9

Transportation of passengers

ID5

11221

0.103 6.3 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

11222

0.503 7.9 -0.7 -0.6 0.9 -0.4 -0.4

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

1121

2.851 3.0 0.0 0.5 0.4 -0.4 0.7

Construction

ID5

113

0.001 4.7 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.8

Inputs to stage 1 services producers

ID5

12

53.476 2.8 -1.6 1.0 -0.3 -0.4 0.2

Goods

ID5

121

16.341 -1.2 -4.7 2.1 -0.8 -1.2 -0.5

Foods

ID5

1211

0.115 0.3 8.3 -2.3 -16.3 6.2 3.0

Energy

ID5

1212

5.454 -12.5 -12.9 5.0 -2.2 -3.7 -2.0

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

1213

10.772 5.6 0.4 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.3

Services

ID5

122

37.132 4.9 0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.5

Trade services

ID5

1223

3.680 4.4 -0.9 -0.4 0.8 0.0 1.1

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

1222

4.369 3.2 0.7 1.4 -0.4 -0.2 -1.3

Transportation of passengers

ID5

12221

1.346 6.3 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

12222

3.023 1.8 -0.5 1.0 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

1221

29.083 5.3 0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.7

Construction

ID5

123

0.003 4.7 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.8

Inputs to stage 1 construction producers

ID5

13

12.902 -4.4 -3.1 0.3 -0.7 0.0 -0.2

Goods

ID5

131

9.191 -0.2 -3.0 0.8 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4

Energy

ID5

1312

0.911 -23.3 -22.1 6.2 -3.9 -4.3 -4.8

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

1313

8.280 3.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.1

Services

ID5

132

3.711 -11.7 -3.3 -0.7 -1.3 0.3 0.1

Trade services

ID5

1323

2.767 -11.7 -3.6 -0.1 -1.5 0.7 0.6

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

1322

0.852 -7.7 -1.4 -2.1 -0.9 -1.3 -1.7

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

13222

0.852 -7.7 -1.4 -2.1 -0.9 -1.3 -1.7

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

1321

0.092 8.9 1.0 0.6 -0.2 0.5 0.5

Special Groupings of Intermediate Demand by Production Flow

Total goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

9411

47.142 0.8 -0.7 0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1

Total services inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

9412

52.805 4.9 0.0 1.2 0.2 0.0 0.9

Total construction inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

9413

0.052 4.7 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.8

Total foods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

9414

5.647 -3.9 -1.5 0.0 -1.3 -1.2 -0.8

Total energy goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

9415

5.147 -1.8 -4.3 4.5 -0.6 -3.4 -0.4

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

9416

36.348 1.9 -0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1

Total goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

9311

46.804 -9.6 -3.8 -0.4 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0

Total services inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

9312

52.622 2.9 0.0 0.8 0.1 -0.3 0.7

Total construction inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

9313

0.573 4.7 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.8

Total foods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

9314

11.909 -12.5 -0.5 -5.3 -1.7 -0.1 -2.0

Total energy goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

9315

7.757 -20.9 -16.9 6.9 -3.3 -4.4 -4.7

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

9316

27.138 -4.6 -0.6 -0.3 0.4 -0.1 0.5

Total goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

9211

46.194 -17.0 1.5 -3.2 -4.7 -4.4 1.8

Total services inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

9212

52.666 7.4 0.6 0.9 1.3 -0.6 0.7

Total construction inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

9213

1.140 4.7 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.8

Total foods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

9214

4.370 -6.0 -0.6 -2.4 -0.9 -2.9 -0.5

Total energy goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

9215

21.770 -29.7 4.1 -6.7 -10.2 -9.8 4.3

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

9216

20.054 -4.9 -0.5 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3

Total goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

9111

50.262 -4.1 -3.0 0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -0.5

Total services inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

9112

49.734 2.6 -0.4 0.8 -0.2 0.1 0.5

Total construction inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

9117

0.004 4.7 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.8

Total foods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

9114

3.449 -10.1 -1.9 -0.4 -1.3 -4.1 -0.7

Total energy goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

9115

10.223 -11.7 -11.1 4.1 -2.2 -3.0 -3.6

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

9116

36.590 -1.1 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4

Footnotes
(1) Comprehensive relative importance figures are initially computed after the publication of December indexes and are recalculated after final December indexes are available. Individual items and subtotals may not add exactly to totals because of rounding differences.
(2) All indexes are subject to revision for 4 months after their originally scheduled publication to incorporate late reports and corrections by survey respondents. In addition, seasonally adjusted indexes are subject to change for up to 5 years due to the recalculation of seasonal factors published each January.
(3) PPI defines Total finished as including only the personal consumption and private capital investment portions of final demand.
(4) Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.
(5) The PPI definition of foods does not include food and beverages for immediate consumption. PPI defines food and beverages for immediate consumption as the service of preparing meals, snacks, and beverages to customer order for immediate on-premises and off-premises consumption.
(6) Distributive services include transportation, warehousing, and trade of goods.
(7) Includes intermediate trade, transportation, and warehousing services.
(8) Includes crude petroleum.
(9) Excludes crude petroleum.
(p) Preliminary

"-" Data not available.


Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final Demand-Intermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted [April 2023]
Grouping Commodity code Unadjusted
12-month
percent
change(1)
Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change(1)
Group
code
Item
code
Apr. 2022
to
Apr. 2023(p)
Nov. to
Dec.
Dec. to
Jan.(p)
Jan. to
Feb.(p)
Feb. to
Mar.(p)
Mar. to
Apr.(p)

Final Demand

Final demand

FD

4

2.3 -0.3 0.4 0.0 -0.4 0.2

Final demand goods

FD

41

0.8 -1.4 1.2 -0.4 -1.0 0.2

Final demand foods

FD

411

2.5 -0.9 -1.3 -2.3 0.3 -0.5

Fresh fruits and melons(2)

01

11

3.2 -7.8 6.5 -6.4 -3.2 2.4

Fresh and dry vegetables(2)

01

13

50.9 -9.4 -33.5 -13.6 -7.5 35.1

Grains

01

2

-15.1 -4.0 -1.6 0.8 -7.4 2.5

Eggs for fresh use(2)

01

7107

-24.2 24.5 -12.7 -41.3 33.2 -35.8

Oilseeds

01

8301

-10.8 0.0 -4.9 0.6 -4.2 0.5

Bakery products(2)

02

11

9.1 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.1

Milled rice(2)

02

13

20.7 2.0 3.3 0.7 0.4 0.1

Pasta products(2)

02

1402

12.7 0.0 8.9 1.3 0.0 -8.4

Beef and veal

02

2101

4.3 4.4 7.5 -1.3 1.4 -3.1

Pork

02

2104

-11.9 -1.9 -2.1 -2.3 3.3 -6.7

Processed young chickens

02

2203

-15.8 -4.3 -3.7 -2.2 2.7 -1.6

Processed turkeys(2)

02

2206

-10.5 -0.3 0.0 -2.2 -11.6 -8.3

Finfish and shellfish

02

23

-6.7 -1.9 0.1 -0.6 0.9 -2.0

Dairy products

02

3

-6.8 -0.3 -1.6 -2.0 -1.9 -0.4

Processed fruits and vegetables(2)

02

4

16.8 0.1 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.3

Confectionery end products(2)

02

55

5.5 -0.3 -0.6 1.6 0.3 0.3

Soft drinks(2)

02

62

11.8 -1.2 6.4 -0.8 0.0 -1.0

Roasted coffee(2)

02

6301

9.9 0.5 -0.3 1.6 -0.6 0.3

Shortening and cooking oils(2)

02

78

-13.4 -4.1 -2.1 -2.4 -2.3 -0.8

Frozen specialty food(2)

02

85

9.4 0.5 0.7 0.0 1.2 0.3

Final demand energy

FD

412

-8.1 -6.3 5.4 -0.8 -6.0 0.8

Liquefied petroleum gas(2)

05

32

-50.4 -14.5 0.6 1.3 -9.3 -5.9

Residential electric power

05

41

8.4 1.0 1.5 0.7 -1.0 -0.1

Residential natural gas

05

51

-0.3 2.1 11.2 -8.6 -7.2 -5.1

Gasoline

05

71

-12.2 -8.6 7.5 2.8 -11.6 8.4

Home heating oil and distillates

05

7302

-31.9 -5.3 1.3 -17.7 -4.1 -5.6

No. 2 diesel fuel

05

7303

-27.1 -27.5 11.0 -4.6 -6.3 -4.1

Final demand goods less foods and energy

FD

413

3.3 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.2

Alcoholic beverages

02

61

3.8 0.4 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1

Pet food(2)

02

9402

14.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 2.4 0.0

Women's, girls', and infants' apparel(2)

03

8106

-1.2 0.0 0.0 -1.6 0.0 0.0

Men's and boys' apparel(2)

03

8107

3.7 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0

Textile housefurnishings(2)

03

82

2.7 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.1

Footwear

04

3

9.9 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.6 0.5

Industrial chemicals

06

1

-8.6 -0.9 0.2 -1.5 -0.6 -0.3

Pharmaceutical preparations

06

38

2.7 -0.3 0.7 0.5 0.0 0.2

Soaps and detergents(2)

06

71

15.6 3.2 1.2 0.2 0.1 0.0

Cleaning and polishing products(2)

06

72

5.6 0.0 0.2 1.5 0.2 0.4

Cosmetics and other toiletries(2)

06

75

6.7 0.0 1.1 1.8 0.6 0.2

Tires(2)

07

1201

10.1 0.6 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.3

Consumer, institutional, and commercial products, n.e.c.(2)

07

2B

5.7 -0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.3 0.2

Sanitary paper products(2)

09

1501

12.3 -0.4 0.9 0.4 0.0 0.0

Iron and steel scrap

10

12

-24.2 -6.8 1.3 11.2 5.0 3.9

Agricultural machinery and equipment

11

1

6.3 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.2

Construction machinery and equipment(2)

11

2

9.3 0.0 3.4 0.3 0.3 0.3

Metal cutting machine tools(2)

11

37

4.1 0.0 0.3 1.1 0.2 0.0

Metal forming machine tools

11

38

6.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1

Tools, dies, jigs, fixtures, and industrial molds(2)

11

39

4.5 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.2 0.3

Pumps, compressors, and equipment

11

41

10.7 0.6 1.4 -0.1 0.5 0.0

Industrial material handling equipment(2)

11

44

7.1 0.1 1.6 0.6 -0.1 0.0

Electronic computers and computer equipment(2)

11

5

2.2 1.2 1.4 0.2 -0.1 -0.4

Textile machinery and equipment(2)

11

62

0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Paper industries machinery(2)

11

64

9.0 0.1 0.8 0.0 0.3 0.2

Printing trades machinery and equipment(2)

11

65

3.4 0.0 0.5 -0.1 0.2 1.3

Transformers and power regulators(2)

11

74

7.9 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.6 1.6

Communication and related equipment

11

76

3.0 0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.3 0.0

Electronic components and accessories

11

78

1.7 0.2 -0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.5

X-ray and electromedical equipment(2)

11

7905

4.0 0.1 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oil field and gas field machinery(2)

11

91

8.2 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.3 0.0

Mining machinery and equipment(2)

11

92

6.8 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.5

Office and store machines and equipment(2)

11

93

0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Household furniture(2)

12

1

5.3 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.2 -0.5

Commercial furniture(2)

12

2

7.4 0.9 -0.7 0.5 0.5 0.0

Floor coverings(2)

12

3

2.6 -1.6 0.7 0.1 -0.3 0.0

Household appliances(2)

12

4

2.0 0.9 0.0 0.2 -0.5 0.2

Home electronic equipment(2)

12

5

4.4 0.0 0.4 0.8 0.0 0.0

Lawn and garden equipment excl. garden tractors(2)

12

66

7.2 1.4 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.3

Passenger cars

14

1101

0.3 0.0 0.7 0.2 -0.4 -0.8

Light motor trucks

14

1105

4.7 0.5 0.6 -0.1 0.5 -0.2

Heavy motor trucks(2)

14

1106

3.2 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.2

Motor vehicles parts(2)

14

12

2.4 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.2

Truck trailers(2)

14

14

0.3 0.1 -1.3 -0.6 0.0 0.0

Travel trailers and campers(2)

14

16

3.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Aircraft

14

21

4.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.5

Ships(2)

14

31

1.1 0.3 0.3 -0.5 0.2 0.1

Railroad equipment(2)

14

4

1.9 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.0

Toys, games, and children's vehicles(2)

15

11

2.2 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Sporting and athletic goods(2)

15

12

13.7 1.9 0.7 1.3 -0.5 -0.3

Cigarettes(2)

15

21

12.4 0.0 1.7 2.1 0.0 0.0

Mobile homes(2)

15

5

-3.5 0.0 -1.3 -0.6 0.1 0.0

Medical, surgical & personal aid devices

15

6

2.8 0.4 0.8 0.0 0.4 -0.3

Jewelry, platinum and karat gold(2)

15

9402

4.4 0.7 1.7 -2.0 0.9 1.4

Costume jewelry and novelties(2)

15

9404

6.0 0.0 4.1 0.9 0.0 1.3

Final demand services

FD

42

3.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.3

Final demand trade services(3)

FD

423

2.6 0.3 -1.2 0.2 -0.4 0.5

Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling(2)

57

1102

7.2 -1.3 1.8 -1.3 4.7 0.3

Machinery and vehicle wholesaling(2)

57

1103

-0.7 1.5 -4.5 0.3 -2.1 0.6

Professional and commercial equipment wholesaling(2)

57

1104

2.6 1.7 1.3 1.2 5.1 -4.7

Furnishings wholesaling(2)

57

2

6.2 0.8 0.4 -0.5 1.1 0.0

Chemicals and allied products wholesaling(2)

57

5

6.4 -1.1 4.0 -3.5 -1.9 0.6

Paper and plastics products wholesaling(2)

57

6

7.4 1.6 -1.7 0.8 -1.1 2.5

Apparel wholesaling(2)

57

7

8.7 -7.3 5.0 5.3 -5.1 4.4

Food and alcohol wholesaling(2)

57

8

7.8 -1.7 -0.4 -0.3 1.2 4.0

Food and alcohol retailing

58

1

14.6 -0.3 -1.1 3.0 1.5 -2.0

Health, beauty, and optical goods retailing(2)

58

2

7.4 3.3 3.9 0.5 -0.8 -0.3

Apparel, jewelry, footwear, and accessories retailing

58

3

1.3 3.1 2.1 -2.0 0.9 -1.8

Computer hardware, software, and supplies retailing(2)

58

4

-21.0 0.6 -1.4 -14.5 2.2 0.2

TV, video, and photographic equipment and supplies retailing

58

5

-20.4 -8.8 -4.2 -1.3 1.5 -2.3

Automobiles retailing (partial)

58

6101

-16.9 -4.9 -6.9 0.4 -0.8 0.7

Automotive parts, including tires, retailing(2)

58

6102

10.2 0.2 1.4 -0.9 -2.4 -0.1

RVs, trailers, and campers retailing(2)

58

8

-45.1 -9.2 16.0 -6.1 -2.3 -0.1

Sporting goods, including boats, retailing

58

9

0.8 -1.4 -2.8 -0.8 -0.2 2.5

Lawn, garden, and farm equipment and supplies retailing(2)

58

A

28.1 -4.1 0.6 0.6 12.5 1.8

Furniture retailing(2)

58

B

-5.2 1.1 1.7 3.5 -0.6 -0.3

Flooring and floor coverings retailing(2)

58

C

-2.5 -5.6 4.3 0.5 0.1 3.2

Hardware, building materials, and supplies retailing

58

D

-25.8 -6.9 -0.4 -5.4 0.3 -1.1

Major household appliances retailing

58

E

1.0 0.6 0.9 12.2 -8.5 3.3

Fuels and lubricants retailing

58

F

-18.7 13.6 -11.4 -0.7 -12.6 -1.5

Cleaning supplies and paper products retailing(2)

58

G

20.1 -2.0 2.3 7.9 -0.1 4.2

Book retailing(2)

58

H

-1.1 -5.9 5.2 -4.3 -0.7 0.0

Final demand transportation and warehousing services

FD

422

-2.3 0.0 -0.5 -0.8 -0.6 -1.7

Rail transportation of freight and mail(2)

30

11

3.9 -0.1 1.1 -0.9 -0.2 0.2

Truck transportation of freight(2)

30

12

-8.6 -1.4 -2.2 -1.0 -1.4 -1.7

Air transportation of freight(2)

30

14

-6.2 -1.7 1.1 0.2 -1.0 -0.1

Courier, messenger, and U.S. postal services

30

16

6.3 -0.4 2.2 0.1 -0.3 0.0

Rail transportation of passengers

30

21

1.4 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1

Airline passenger services

30

22

6.3 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

FD

421

3.8 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.4

Sales of books

33

11

7.3 0.5 1.5 0.2 0.2 0.7

Sales and subscriptions of periodicals and newspapers

33

12

2.1 0.4 -0.7 0.5 -0.5 0.0

Application software publishing(2)

34

2

0.3 1.2 0.7 -0.7 0.6 -0.4

Advertising space sales in periodicals, newspapers, directories, and mailing lists(2)

36

1

4.2 1.0 1.1 0.6 0.9 0.0

Residential wired telecommunication services(2)

37

11

5.7 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 1.3

Wireless telecommunication services

37

2

1.7 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.1

Cable and satellite subscriber services

37

3

11.4 2.6 0.7 -0.5 1.8 0.2

Internet access services(2)

37

4

0.4 0.0 0.9 0.3 0.8 -0.2

Bundled wired telecommunications access services(2)

37

5

10.0 -0.2 4.2 -0.4 1.3 0.0

Consumer loans (partial)

39

12

3.4 -6.6 1.8 3.2 -4.6 2.3

Deposit services (partial)(2)

39

2

19.8 15.2 -1.9 -2.1 4.3 0.3

Other credit intermediation, incl. trust services (partial)(2)

39

3

-5.2 0.0 0.1 1.7 0.1 0.2

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(2)

40

1

31.6 0.4 0.4 4.5 -0.3 -0.4

Portfolio management(2)

40

2

-7.2 -0.9 3.7 -0.5 -4.6 4.1

Life insurance(2)

41

1101

0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0

Disability insurance, including accidental death(2)

41

1102

-0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Health and medical insurance

41

1103

1.1 0.2 -0.7 0.3 0.2 0.2

Property and casualty insurance(2)

41

1104

5.0 1.3 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.1

Annuities(2)

41

2

-1.5 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Residential property sales and leases, brokerage fees and commissions

43

21

2.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.5 0.5 0.3

Passenger car rental

44

1

-8.0 0.6 -2.5 -1.4 -1.4 2.5

Legal services

45

1

6.6 0.3 1.6 1.0 0.3 0.2

Tax preparation and planning

45

2102

9.3 3.1 -0.1 0.6 0.2 0.4

Architectural and engineering services

45

3

3.8 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.7

Management, scientific, and technical consulting services

45

4

0.3 1.2 1.1 -1.3 0.1 0.1

Arrangement of flights (partial)

47

1

6.6 -1.1 -0.5 1.0 0.8 0.0

Arrangement of vehicle rentals and lodging(2)

47

2

5.5 0.5 0.1 1.3 0.7 1.6

Arrangement of cruises and tours(2)

47

3

11.4 6.5 0.1 -6.6 -1.9 2.2

Physician care

51

1101

0.9 0.2 -0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1

Medical laboratory and diagnostic imaging care(2)

51

1102

0.0 0.0 0.6 -0.2 0.1 0.0

Home health and hospice care

51

1103

4.7 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.6 1.3

Hospital outpatient care(2)

51

1104

2.0 -0.6 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.9

Dental care

51

1105

3.9 0.1 0.4 2.0 0.2 0.0

Hospital inpatient care

51

2101

4.7 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.4

Nursing home care

51

2102

7.3 0.2 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.2

Traveler accommodation services

53

11

6.2 1.8 -2.3 -3.6 3.8 1.3

Food and beverages for immediate consumption services (partial)(2)

54

1

4.5 -0.4 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.4

Motor vehicle repair and maintenance (partial)

55

2

5.2 0.3 0.9 0.0 0.9 0.0

Membership dues and admissions and recreation facility use fees (partial)(2)

56

1

6.6 1.1 2.6 0.9 0.3 0.2

Recreational activity instruction fees (partial)(2)

56

2

0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Gaming receipts (partial)(2)

56

3

3.0 0.3 1.7 0.6 0.4 -1.6

Mining services(2)

60

1

7.8 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.1

Final demand construction

FD

43

11.2 0.0 1.9 0.0 0.1 -0.3

New warehouse building construction(2)

80

1101

7.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3

New school building construction(2)

80

1102

10.8 -0.1 1.6 0.0 0.2 -0.6

New office building construction(2)

80

1103

14.9 0.3 3.8 0.1 0.2 0.1

New industrial building construction(2)

80

1104

11.2 -0.1 1.3 0.1 0.2 -1.0

New health care building construction(2)

80

1105

12.3 0.1 1.7 0.1 0.2 -0.2

Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type

Processed goods for intermediate demand

ID6

1

-3.2 -2.5 1.1 -0.5 -0.9 -0.4

Processed foods and feeds

ID6

9112

-1.8 -0.6 0.2 -2.0 -0.3 -1.2

Meats

02

21

-0.7 1.4 2.3 -1.0 1.9 -3.2

Processed poultry

02

22

-18.7 -9.9 1.2 -3.6 1.2 -2.2

Dairy products

02

3

-6.8 -0.3 -1.6 -2.0 -1.9 -0.4

Processed fruits and vegetables(2)

02

4

16.8 0.1 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.3

Refined sugar and byproducts(2)

02

53

10.7 0.8 0.5 2.4 0.4 0.1

Fats and oils(2)

02

7

-18.5 -3.4 0.2 -6.1 -4.4 -5.2

Prepared animal feeds

02

9

1.3 0.0 -0.8 -1.8 -0.8 -1.4

Processed materials less foods and feeds

ID6

9111

-3.3 -2.7 1.2 -0.3 -0.9 -0.3

Synthetic fibers(2)

03

1

6.7 -1.2 2.0 0.2 0.2 0.2

Processed yarns and threads(2)

03

2

-11.3 -2.9 -3.1 -0.2 -0.2 -1.0

Finished fabrics(2)

03

4

3.5 -0.6 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0

Liquefied petroleum gas(2)

05

32

-50.4 -14.5 0.6 1.3 -9.3 -5.9

Commercial electric power

05

42

10.0 1.8 2.1 1.7 -2.6 0.8

Industrial electric power

05

43

7.5 2.8 7.0 -4.5 -0.1 -1.4

Commercial natural gas

05

52

-4.5 3.3 11.8 -10.9 -9.8 -6.5

Industrial natural gas

05

53

-4.5 4.6 6.8 -10.3 -6.8 -7.2

Natural gas to electric utilities

05

54

2.8 1.4 7.4 1.6 -6.2 -5.4

Gasoline

05

71

-12.2 -8.6 7.5 2.8 -11.6 8.4

Jet fuel(2)

05

7203

-32.1 -15.8 14.0 -5.3 -6.1 -13.2

No. 2 diesel fuel

05

7303

-27.1 -27.5 11.0 -4.6 -6.3 -4.1

Residual fuels(2)

05

74

-38.2 -3.3 -17.4 -5.4 13.2 -1.1

Finished lubricants(2)

05

76

13.8 0.0 -0.5 0.3 0.1 -0.9

Lubricating oil base stocks(2)

05

78

-4.4 6.8 -21.4 3.3 -3.0 3.8

Asphalt

05

8102

-23.8 -31.5 2.9 -2.9 3.3 12.0

Basic inorganic chemicals(2)

06

13

12.2 0.1 2.0 -0.2 -0.3 -1.6

Basic organic chemicals

06

14

-11.8 -1.1 -0.2 -1.8 -0.7 0.0

Prepared paint(2)

06

21

4.9 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3

Paint materials(2)

06

22

13.6 0.4 1.2 -0.1 0.9 -0.8

Medicinal and botanical chemicals(2)

06

31

0.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.3 0.3

Biological products, including diagnostics

06

37

4.5 -0.1 1.3 0.7 0.4 0.2

Fats and oils, inedible(2)

06

4

-16.9 -7.1 -2.1 -5.4 -2.6 -2.7

Nitrogenates

06

5201

-41.4 -2.4 -10.4 -12.1 -9.9 -9.9

Phosphates

06

5202

-22.8 -10.1 -0.3 -2.6 -5.1 2.2

Other agricultural chemicals(2)

06

53

-9.2 -1.8 -2.0 1.2 -0.1 -0.5

Plastic resins and materials

06

6

-8.1 0.4 -0.8 1.3 0.2 2.9

Industrial gases(2)

06

7903

4.9 -0.6 3.9 -0.1 1.0 -0.4

Adhesives and sealants(2)

06

7904

9.5 0.3 0.2 0.8 0.2 0.7

Synthetic rubber(2)

07

1102

-6.2 -4.5 -2.5 -0.2 -1.3 1.5

Tires(2)

07

1201

10.1 0.6 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.3

Plastic construction products(2)

07

21

1.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7 0.1 -0.2

Unsupported plastic film, sheet, other shapes(2)

07

22

-0.1 -0.7 -1.2 -0.3 -1.6 0.3

Parts for manufacturing from plastics(2)

07

26

2.1 0.4 -0.1 -1.7 0.0 -0.4

Plastic packaging products(2)

07

2A

0.2 -0.4 -2.0 -0.7 -0.2 0.0

Softwood lumber

08

11

-38.9 -8.0 -9.8 -1.0 -4.0 6.2

Hardwood lumber(2)

08

12

-15.0 -1.8 7.8 -1.7 -1.4 -0.7

Millwork

08

2

-3.6 -0.5 -0.4 0.0 -0.8 -1.0

Plywood(2)

08

3

-23.9 -1.9 -1.3 -1.5 -0.9 -0.2

Paper(2)

09

13

6.1 0.2 -0.3 0.7 -0.8 1.0

Paperboard(2)

09

14

1.7 -0.5 -0.5 -1.0 -0.9 -0.6

Paper boxes and containers(2)

09

1503

6.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.5

Building paper and board(2)

09

2

-44.8 -8.4 -6.6 -1.0 1.0 -0.1

Commercial printing(2)

09

47

9.7 0.4 1.4 0.1 0.4 -0.4

Foundry and forge shop products(2)

10

15

4.5 0.2 1.5 0.6 0.1 1.0

Steel mill products(2)

10

17

-14.8 -3.4 -2.4 2.3 0.9 3.6

Primary nonferrous metals(2)

10

22

-19.4 1.6 3.1 1.5 -5.2 1.2

Secondary nonferrous metals(2)

10

24

-8.8 0.8 1.3 0.6 0.3 -0.4

Aluminum mill shapes(2)

10

2501

-18.1 1.3 2.3 1.7 -0.3 -1.7

Copper and brass mill shapes(2)

10

2502

-6.5 0.9 2.2 2.0 0.1 0.1

Nonferrous wire and cable(2)

10

26

2.7 1.0 2.5 1.8 -0.7 -0.2

Nonferrous foundry shop products

10

28

4.1 0.4 -0.3 0.8 -0.3 -0.5

Metal containers(2)

10

3

-0.9 0.0 -1.8 -0.3 0.1 0.2

Hardware(2)

10

4

3.9 0.7 0.9 -0.1 0.2 -0.2

Plumbing fixtures and brass fittings

10

5

2.6 -0.2 0.2 -0.9 0.4 -0.2

Heating equipment(2)

10

6

8.7 0.2 0.3 -0.1 1.1 0.3

Fabricated structural metal products

10

7

0.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.6 -0.1

Bolts, nuts, screws, rivets, and washers(2)

10

81

11.2 0.2 1.0 1.6 0.4 0.4

Lighting fixtures(2)

10

83

4.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 1.5 0.0

Fabricated ferrous wire products(2)

10

88

-1.9 -1.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 0.0

Other miscellaneous metal products(2)

10

89

5.0 -0.1 0.0 1.1 -0.4 0.2

Fluid power equipment

11

43

14.5 0.3 1.1 0.6 0.4 6.6

Mechanical power transmission equipment(2)

11

45

10.4 0.8 0.9 -0.1 0.0 0.2

Air conditioning and refrigeration equipment

11

48

8.0 0.6 -0.5 -0.2 1.6 0.0

Metal valves, except fluid power

11

4902

9.4 0.1 0.7 -0.1 0.2 -0.1

Ball and roller bearings(2)

11

4905

6.3 0.1 0.0 -0.1 1.9 -0.2

Wiring devices(2)

11

71

15.3 0.2 8.3 0.3 0.5 0.1

Motors, generators, motor generator sets(2)

11

73

8.1 0.2 0.6 1.4 0.0 0.5

Switchgear, switchboard, and industrial controls equip.(2)

11

75

11.2 2.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2

Electronic components and accessories

11

78

1.7 0.2 -0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.5

Internal combustion engines(2)

11

94

6.8 0.1 4.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3

Machine shop products(2)

11

95

6.8 -0.2 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.2

Flat glass(2)

13

11

9.3 -0.2 -0.6 3.5 -0.1 -0.1

Cement

13

22

13.7 0.7 3.5 1.5 0.7 -1.3

Concrete products

13

3

13.2 1.0 1.2 0.4 0.9 0.3

Asphalt felts and coatings(2)

13

6

4.2 0.3 -2.4 -0.2 0.1 1.8

Paving mixtures and blocks

13

94

9.6 -0.7 -1.0 1.9 1.2 -1.6

Motor vehicle parts(2)

14

12

2.4 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.2

Aircraft engines and engine parts

14

23

3.8 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3

Aircraft parts and auxiliary equipment, n.e.c.

14

25

5.8 0.0 0.7 1.9 1.0 0.0

Medical, surgical, and personal aid devices

15

6

2.8 0.4 0.8 0.0 0.4 -0.3

Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand

ID6

2

-19.2 1.5 -4.6 -4.8 -4.1 1.7

Unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs

ID6

21

-10.3 -0.2 -5.8 -1.0 -0.6 -1.4

Wheat(2)

01

21

-28.5 -7.2 -3.6 5.9 -9.3 4.0

Corn

01

2202

-12.4 -3.6 -1.2 -0.2 -7.5 2.4

Slaughter cattle

01

31

24.8 1.2 1.2 -0.6 4.1 8.0

Slaughter hogs

01

32

-28.1 -0.1 -14.0 -0.1 -3.3 -8.0

Slaughter chickens

01

4102

-17.9 -6.3 -9.4 5.6 1.8 -0.1

Slaughter turkeys

01

42

20.9 6.1 2.3 -2.7 -0.9 -2.4

Raw milk

01

6

-22.7 -2.6 -2.9 -5.3 -3.3 -2.7

Hay and hayseeds(2)

01

81

-6.6 21.4 -11.0 10.5 -5.0 -15.3

Oilseeds

01

8301

-10.8 0.0 -4.9 0.6 -4.2 0.5

Raw cane sugar and byproducts(2)

02

5201

15.2 1.1 3.2 1.3 2.3 -0.3

Unprocessed nonfood materials

ID6

22

-23.7 2.5 -4.0 -6.8 -6.1 3.6

Raw cotton(2)

01

51

-39.7 -5.1 2.9 -2.4 -5.1 -0.3

Hides and skins

04

1

-11.3 -2.6 -4.7 0.3 4.9 3.9

Coal

05

1

8.4 -7.5 2.8 1.4 0.0 1.3

Natural gas(2)

05

31

-64.1 31.1 -17.6 -37.2 -19.3 -20.1

Crude petroleum(2)

05

61

-20.4 -13.2 -1.2 3.4 -7.8 14.2

Logs, bolts, timber, pulpwood, and woodchips(2)

08

5

-1.8 0.7 -0.5 -0.9 -1.1 -0.9

Recyclable paper(2)

09

12

-58.4 10.1 -3.7 10.1 0.2 6.7

Iron ores(2)

10

11

12.0 -0.1 0.9 1.0 -0.5 -1.3

Iron and steel scrap

10

12

-24.2 -6.8 1.3 11.2 5.0 3.9

Nonferrous metal ores(2)

10

21

-6.0 -0.6 11.2 -4.8 3.4 0.2

Copper base scrap(2)

10

2301

-9.7 2.1 2.8 0.9 0.2 0.8

Aluminum base scrap

10

2302

-30.7 5.9 0.0 -1.6 -4.5 -1.4

Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone

13

21

12.4 0.7 3.4 0.5 -0.1 1.5

Services for intermediate demand

ID6

3

4.5 0.0 1.0 0.3 -0.2 0.7

Trade services for intermediate demand(3)

ID6

33

1.8 -1.3 0.7 -0.3 1.0 1.5

Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling(2)

57

1102

7.2 -1.3 1.8 -1.3 4.7 0.3

Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling

57

3

-5.4 1.3 -2.5 -2.1 -1.7 0.5

Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling(2)

57

4

-1.4 -6.2 15.2 2.1 10.7 1.2

Chemicals and allied products wholesaling(2)

57

5

6.4 -1.1 4.0 -3.5 -1.9 0.6

Paper and plastics products wholesaling(2)

57

6

7.4 1.6 -1.7 0.8 -1.1 2.5

Food wholesaling(2)

57

8101

7.1 -2.1 -0.6 -0.4 1.6 4.4

Automotive parts, including tires, retailing(2)

58

6102

10.2 0.2 1.4 -0.9 -2.4 -0.1

Hardware, building material, and supplies retailing

58

D

-25.8 -6.9 -0.4 -5.4 0.3 -1.1

Transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand

ID6

32

-1.0 0.0 0.3 -0.1 -0.6 -0.8

Rail transportation of freight and mail(2)

30

11

3.9 -0.1 1.1 -0.9 -0.2 0.2

Truck transportation of freight(2)

30

12

-8.6 -1.4 -2.2 -1.0 -1.4 -1.7

Water transportation of freight(2)

30

13

14.3 -0.3 -2.3 1.3 -0.3 -0.5

Air transportation of freight(2)

30

14

-6.2 -1.7 1.1 0.2 -1.0 -0.1

U.S. Postal Service(2)

30

1601

10.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Courier and messenger services, except air mail

30

1602

4.4 0.5 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.1

Air mail and package delivery services, excluding by USPS

30

1603

1.6 -3.1 3.3 -0.1 -0.8 -0.4

Pipeline transportation(2)

30

17

- -1.3 0.3 1.2 0.0 -1.1

Transportation of passengers (partial)

30

2

6.2 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Services related to water transportation

31

1

2.8 0.0 1.0 1.1 -1.1 0.0

Arrangement of freight and cargo(2)

31

31

-34.5 2.0 -6.0 -2.7 -4.4 -3.4

Warehousing, storage, and related services(2)

32

1

9.3 0.9 2.8 2.8 -0.3 0.0

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand

ID6

31

6.8 0.4 1.1 0.6 -0.4 0.8

Network compensation from broadcast TV, cable TV, radio(2)

35

-

1.7 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0

Advertising space sales in periodicals and newspapers(2)

36

11

3.2 1.2 0.4 0.7 1.0 0.0

Advertising space sales in directories and mail lists(2)

36

12

9.7 0.0 5.3 0.0 0.0 0.0

Television advertising time sales

36

2

-17.0 -9.0 -2.0 -7.4 -2.9 2.9

Radio advertising time sales

36

3

-4.8 -2.5 -9.8 11.0 -1.6 -1.3

Internet advertising sales(2)

36

6

- - 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0

Business wired telecommunication services(2)

37

12

3.2 0.2 -0.1 1.2 0.1 0.4

Wireless telecommunication services

37

2

1.7 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.1

Cable and satellite subscriber services

37

3

11.4 2.6 0.7 -0.5 1.8 0.2

Bundled wired telecommunication access services(2)

37

5

10.0 -0.2 4.2 -0.4 1.3 0.0

Data processing and related services(2)

38

1

0.7 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.0

Business loans (partial)

39

11

81.9 1.4 8.7 10.8 -5.7 1.8

Deposit services (partial)(2)

39

2

19.8 15.2 -1.9 -2.1 4.3 0.3

Other credit intermediation, incl. trust services (partial)(2)

39

3

-5.2 0.0 0.1 1.7 0.1 0.2

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(2)

40

1

31.6 0.4 0.4 4.5 -0.3 -0.4

Portfolio management(2)

40

2

-7.2 -0.9 3.7 -0.5 -4.6 4.1

Investment banking(2)

40

3

-5.4 -1.4 0.3 2.1 3.0 -1.7

Life insurance(2)

41

1101

0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0

Health and medical insurance

41

1103

1.1 0.2 -0.7 0.3 0.2 0.2

Property and casualty insurance(2)

41

1104

5.0 1.3 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.1

Annuities(2)

41

2

-1.5 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Commissions from sales of insurance(2)

42

1

0.8 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nonresidential real estate rents(2)

43

11

0.5 1.0 1.7 -4.2 -1.6 2.4

Nonresidential property sales and leases(2)

43

12

-0.6 0.6 -0.6 -1.1 -0.6 -1.1

Residential property management fees(2)

43

22

-0.3 -1.0 0.7 -0.5 -0.1 0.3

Passenger car rental

44

1

-8.0 0.6 -2.5 -1.4 -1.4 2.5

Truck, utility trailer, and RV rental and leasing(2)

44

2

1.4 0.3 -0.7 -0.6 0.7 0.2

Construction, mining, and forestry machinery and equipment rental and leasing(2)

44

3

10.0 1.4 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.8

Legal services

45

1

6.6 0.3 1.6 1.0 0.3 0.2

Accounting services (partial)

45

2

7.5 0.8 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.0

Architectural and engineering services

45

3

3.8 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.7

Management, scientific, and technical consulting services

45

4

0.3 1.2 1.1 -1.3 0.1 0.1

Advertising and related services (partial)(2)

45

5

0.9 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0

Permanent placement services(2)

46

1

1.4 0.3 -0.1 -2.5 1.2 0.6

Executive search services(2)

46

2

5.9 -0.3 1.1 -0.7 0.7 -1.1

Staffing services

46

3

1.8 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.7 0.9

Security guard services(2)

48

1

7.1 0.0 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Janitorial services(2)

49

1

2.9 1.0 0.7 -0.1 0.2 0.7

Waste collection

50

1

12.8 0.7 1.3 1.6 1.1 1.1

Traveler accommodation services

53

11

6.2 1.8 -2.3 -3.6 3.8 1.3

Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance

55

1

7.6 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 0.9 0.3

Aircraft repair and maintenance

55

4

4.4 0.6 -0.5 2.1 0.4 0.4

Metal treatment services(2)

59

1

5.5 -0.6 2.5 0.0 0.1 0.7

Construction for intermediate demand

ID6

4

4.7 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.8

Maintenance and repair of non-residential buildings (partial)(2)

80

2

4.7 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.8

Intermediate Demand by Production Flow

Stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

4

2.9 -0.4 1.0 0.0 -0.2 0.4

Stage 4 intermediate demand goods

ID5

9411

0.8 -0.7 0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1

Grains

01

2

-15.1 -4.0 -1.6 0.8 -7.4 2.5

Meats

02

21

-0.7 1.4 2.3 -1.0 1.9 -3.2

Unprocessed and packaged fish

02

23

-6.7 -1.9 0.1 -0.6 0.9 -2.0

Dairy products

02

3

-6.8 -0.3 -1.6 -2.0 -1.9 -0.4

Commercial electric power

05

42

10.0 1.8 2.1 1.7 -2.6 0.8

Industrial electric power

05

43

7.5 2.8 7.0 -4.5 -0.1 -1.4

Gasoline

05

71

-12.2 -8.6 7.5 2.8 -11.6 8.4

No. 2 diesel fuel

05

7303

-27.1 -27.5 11.0 -4.6 -6.3 -4.1

Basic organic chemicals

06

14

-11.8 -1.1 -0.2 -1.8 -0.7 0.0

Prepared paint(2)

06

21

4.9 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3

Medicinal and botanical chemicals(2)

06

31

0.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.3 0.3

Biological products, including diagnostics

06

37

4.5 -0.1 1.3 0.7 0.4 0.2

Pharmaceutical preparations

06

38

2.7 -0.3 0.7 0.5 0.0 0.2

Plastic construction products(2)

07

21

1.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7 0.1 -0.2

Unsupported plastic film, sheet, and other shapes(2)

07

22

-0.1 -0.7 -1.2 -0.3 -1.6 0.3

Parts for manufacturing from plastics(2)

07

26

2.1 0.4 -0.1 -1.7 0.0 -0.4

Plastic packaging products(2)

07

2A

0.2 -0.4 -2.0 -0.7 -0.2 0.0

Lumber

08

1

-32.1 -6.1 -3.6 -1.3 -2.9 3.4

Millwork

08

2

-3.6 -0.5 -0.4 0.0 -0.8 -1.0

Paper boxes and containers(2)

09

1503

6.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.5

Commercial printing(2)

09

47

9.7 0.4 1.4 0.1 0.4 -0.4

Steel mill products(2)

10

17

-14.8 -3.4 -2.4 2.3 0.9 3.6

Nonferrous wire and cable(2)

10

26

2.7 1.0 2.5 1.8 -0.7 -0.2

Fabricated structural metal products

10

7

0.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.6 -0.1

Other miscellaneous metal products(2)

10

89

5.0 -0.1 0.0 1.1 -0.4 0.2

Air conditioning and refrigeration equipment

11

48

8.0 0.6 -0.5 -0.2 1.6 0.0

Wiring devices(2)

11

71

15.3 0.2 8.3 0.3 0.5 0.1

Electronic components and accessories

11

78

1.7 0.2 -0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.5

Miscellaneous electrical machinery and equipment(2)

11

79

4.8 0.1 0.7 -0.3 0.0 0.0

Internal combustion engines(2)

11

94

6.8 0.1 4.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3

Machine shop products(2)

11

95

6.8 -0.2 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.2

Concrete ingredients and related products

13

2

12.7 0.7 3.4 0.8 0.1 0.7

Concrete products

13

3

13.2 1.0 1.2 0.4 0.9 0.3

Prepared asphalt, tar roofing and siding products(2)

13

61

4.4 0.4 -3.1 -0.3 0.1 2.3

Paving mixtures and blocks

13

94

9.6 -0.7 -1.0 1.9 1.2 -1.6

Motor vehicle parts(2)

14

12

2.4 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.2

Aircraft engines and engine parts

14

23

3.8 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3

Aircraft parts and auxiliary equipment, n.e.c.

14

25

5.8 0.0 0.7 1.9 1.0 0.0

Medical, surgical and personal aid devices

15

6

2.8 0.4 0.8 0.0 0.4 -0.3

Stage 4 intermediate demand services

ID5

9412

4.9 0.0 1.2 0.2 0.0 0.9

Truck transportation of freight(2)

30

12

-8.6 -1.4 -2.2 -1.0 -1.4 -1.7

Courier, messenger, and U.S. postal services

30

16

6.3 -0.4 2.2 0.1 -0.3 0.0

Airline passenger services

30

22

6.3 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Warehousing, storage, and related services(2)

32

1

9.3 0.9 2.8 2.8 -0.3 0.0

Advertising space sales in periodicals and newspapers(2)

36

11

3.2 1.2 0.4 0.7 1.0 0.0

Data processing and related services(2)

38

1

0.7 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.0

Business loans (partial)

39

11

81.9 1.4 8.7 10.8 -5.7 1.8

Deposit services (partial)(2)

39

2

19.8 15.2 -1.9 -2.1 4.3 0.3

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(2)

40

1

31.6 0.4 0.4 4.5 -0.3 -0.4

Portfolio management(2)

40

2

-7.2 -0.9 3.7 -0.5 -4.6 4.1

Investment banking(2)

40

3

-5.4 -1.4 0.3 2.1 3.0 -1.7

Insurance

41

11

2.9 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Annuities(2)

41

2

-1.5 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Nonresidential real estate rents(2)

43

11

0.5 1.0 1.7 -4.2 -1.6 2.4

Nonresidential property sales and leases(2)

43

12

-0.6 0.6 -0.6 -1.1 -0.6 -1.1

Nonresidential property management fees(2)

43

13

5.7 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.2 -0.3

Residential property management fees(2)

43

22

-0.3 -1.0 0.7 -0.5 -0.1 0.3

Construction, mining, and forestry machinery and equipment rental and leasing(2)

44

3

10.0 1.4 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.8

Legal services

45

1

6.6 0.3 1.6 1.0 0.3 0.2

Advertising agency services(2)

45

51

0.9 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0

Accounting services (partial)

45

2

7.5 0.8 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.0

Architectural and engineering services

45

3

3.8 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.7

Management, scientific, and technical consulting services

45

4

0.3 1.2 1.1 -1.3 0.1 0.1

Staffing services

46

3

1.8 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.7 0.9

Janitorial services(2)

49

1

2.9 1.0 0.7 -0.1 0.2 0.7

Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance

55

1

7.6 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 0.9 0.3

Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling(2)

57

1102

7.2 -1.3 1.8 -1.3 4.7 0.3

Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling

57

3

-5.4 1.3 -2.5 -2.1 -1.7 0.5

Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling(2)

57

4

-1.4 -6.2 15.2 2.1 10.7 1.2

Chemicals and allied products wholesaling(2)

57

5

6.4 -1.1 4.0 -3.5 -1.9 0.6

Paper and plastics products wholesaling(2)

57

6

7.4 1.6 -1.7 0.8 -1.1 2.5

Food and alcohol wholesaling(2)

57

8

7.8 -1.7 -0.4 -0.3 1.2 4.0

Hardware and building materials and supplies retailing

58

D

-25.8 -6.9 -0.4 -5.4 0.3 -1.1

Metal treatment services(2)

59

1

5.5 -0.6 2.5 0.0 0.1 0.7

Stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

3

-3.6 -2.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1

Stage 3 intermediate demand goods

ID5

9311

-9.6 -3.8 -0.4 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0

Slaughter cattle

01

31

24.8 1.2 1.2 -0.6 4.1 8.0

Slaughter hogs

01

32

-28.1 -0.1 -14.0 -0.1 -3.3 -8.0

Slaughter poultry

01

4

-12.2 -4.0 -7.1 4.0 1.3 -0.5

Raw milk

01

6

-22.7 -2.6 -2.9 -5.3 -3.3 -2.7

Commercial electric power

05

42

10.0 1.8 2.1 1.7 -2.6 0.8

Industrial electric power

05

43

7.5 2.8 7.0 -4.5 -0.1 -1.4

Gasoline

05

71

-12.2 -8.6 7.5 2.8 -11.6 8.4

Jet fuel(2)

05

7203

-32.1 -15.8 14.0 -5.3 -6.1 -13.2

No. 2 diesel fuel

05

7303

-27.1 -27.5 11.0 -4.6 -6.3 -4.1

Finished lubricants(2)

05

76

13.8 0.0 -0.5 0.3 0.1 -0.9

Lubricating oil base stocks(2)

05

78

-4.4 6.8 -21.4 3.3 -3.0 3.8

Asphalt

05

8102

-23.8 -31.5 2.9 -2.9 3.3 12.0

Basic inorganic chemicals(2)

06

13

12.2 0.1 2.0 -0.2 -0.3 -1.6

Basic organic chemicals

06

14

-11.8 -1.1 -0.2 -1.8 -0.7 0.0

Paints and allied products(2)

06

2

6.6 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0

Agricultural chemicals and chemical products

06

5

-19.5 -4.3 -2.9 -3.0 -3.9 -2.7

Plastic resins and materials

06

6

-8.1 0.4 -0.8 1.3 0.2 2.9

Synthetic rubber(2)

07

1102

-6.2 -4.5 -2.5 -0.2 -1.3 1.5

Unsupported plastic film, sheet, and other shapes(2)

07

22

-0.1 -0.7 -1.2 -0.3 -1.6 0.3

Paper(2)

09

13

6.1 0.2 -0.3 0.7 -0.8 1.0

Paperboard(2)

09

14

1.7 -0.5 -0.5 -1.0 -0.9 -0.6

Converted paper and paperboard products(2)

09

15

7.6 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.1

Commercial printing(2)

09

47

9.7 0.4 1.4 0.1 0.4 -0.4

Foundry and forge shop products(2)

10

15

4.5 0.2 1.5 0.6 0.1 1.0

Steel mill products(2)

10

17

-14.8 -3.4 -2.4 2.3 0.9 3.6

Nonferrous mill shapes(2)

10

25

-11.5 1.1 2.2 1.7 -0.1 -0.8

Nonferrous foundry shop products

10

28

4.1 0.4 -0.3 0.8 -0.3 -0.5

Metal containers(2)

10

3

-0.9 0.0 -1.8 -0.3 0.1 0.2

Structural, architectural, and pre-engineered metal products

10

74

-3.0 -0.6 1.0 -0.4 1.0 0.1

Bolts, nuts, screws, rivets, and washers(2)

10

81

11.2 0.2 1.0 1.6 0.4 0.4

Other miscellaneous metal products(2)

10

89

5.0 -0.1 0.0 1.1 -0.4 0.2

General purpose machinery and equipment

11

4

9.2 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.7 0.9

Electrical machinery and equipment

11

7

4.6 0.4 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0

Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone

13

21

12.4 0.7 3.4 0.5 -0.1 1.5

Cement

13

22

13.7 0.7 3.5 1.5 0.7 -1.3

Motor vehicle parts(2)

14

12

2.4 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.2

Aircraft and aircraft equipment

14

2

4.5 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.4

Stage 3 intermediate demand services

ID5

9312

2.9 0.0 0.8 0.1 -0.3 0.7

Rail transportation of freight and mail(2)

30

11

3.9 -0.1 1.1 -0.9 -0.2 0.2

Courier, messenger, and U.S. postal services

30

16

6.3 -0.4 2.2 0.1 -0.3 0.0

Arrangement of freight and cargo(2)

31

31

-34.5 2.0 -6.0 -2.7 -4.4 -3.4

Freight forwarding(2)

31

3201

-4.7 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 1.1

Warehousing, storage, and related services(2)

32

1

9.3 0.9 2.8 2.8 -0.3 0.0

Advertising space sales in periodicals, newspapers, directories, and mailing lists(2)

36

1

4.2 1.0 1.1 0.6 0.9 0.0

Wired telephone services(2)

37

1

3.6 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.2 0.7

Bundled wired telecommunications access services(2)

37

5

10.0 -0.2 4.2 -0.4 1.3 0.0

Data processing and related services(2)

38

1

0.7 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.0

Business loans (partial)

39

11

81.9 1.4 8.7 10.8 -5.7 1.8

Deposit services (partial)(2)

39

2

19.8 15.2 -1.9 -2.1 4.3 0.3

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(2)

40

1

31.6 0.4 0.4 4.5 -0.3 -0.4

Insurance

41

11

2.9 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nonresidential real estate rents(2)

43

11

0.5 1.0 1.7 -4.2 -1.6 2.4

Legal services

45

1

6.6 0.3 1.6 1.0 0.3 0.2

Accounting services (partial)

45

2

7.5 0.8 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.0

Architectural and engineering services

45

3

3.8 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.7

Management, scientific, and technical consulting services

45

4

0.3 1.2 1.1 -1.3 0.1 0.1

Advertising agency services(2)

45

51

0.9 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0

Staffing services

46

3

1.8 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.7 0.9

Aircraft repair maintenance

55

4

4.4 0.6 -0.5 2.1 0.4 0.4

Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling(2)

57

1102

7.2 -1.3 1.8 -1.3 4.7 0.3

Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling

57

3

-5.4 1.3 -2.5 -2.1 -1.7 0.5

Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling(2)

57

4

-1.4 -6.2 15.2 2.1 10.7 1.2

Chemicals and allied products wholesaling(2)

57

5

6.4 -1.1 4.0 -3.5 -1.9 0.6

Paper and plastics products wholesaling(2)

57

6

7.4 1.6 -1.7 0.8 -1.1 2.5

Food wholesaling(2)

57

8101

7.1 -2.1 -0.6 -0.4 1.6 4.4

Metal treatment services(2)

59

1

5.5 -0.6 2.5 0.0 0.1 0.7

Stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

2

-5.1 1.0 -1.0 -1.4 -2.2 1.2

Stage 2 intermediate demand goods

ID5

9211

-17.0 1.5 -3.2 -4.7 -4.4 1.8

Corn

01

2202

-12.4 -3.6 -1.2 -0.2 -7.5 2.4

Oilseeds

01

83

-10.8 0.0 -4.9 0.6 -4.2 0.5

Prepared animal feeds

02

9

1.3 0.0 -0.8 -1.8 -0.8 -1.4

Coal

05

1

8.4 -7.5 2.8 1.4 0.0 1.3

Natural gas(2)

05

31

-64.1 31.1 -17.6 -37.2 -19.3 -20.1

Liquefied petroleum gas(2)

05

32

-50.4 -14.5 0.6 1.3 -9.3 -5.9

Crude petroleum(2)

05

61

-20.4 -13.2 -1.2 3.4 -7.8 14.2

No. 2 diesel fuel

05

7303

-27.1 -27.5 11.0 -4.6 -6.3 -4.1

Industrial chemicals

06

1

-8.6 -0.9 0.2 -1.5 -0.6 -0.3

Plastic resins and materials

06

6

-8.1 0.4 -0.8 1.3 0.2 2.9

Plastic products(2)

07

2

1.8 -0.2 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 0.2

Logs, bolts, timber, pulpwood, and wood chips(2)

08

5

-1.8 0.7 -0.5 -0.9 -1.1 -0.9

Paper(2)

09

13

6.1 0.2 -0.3 0.7 -0.8 1.0

Paperboard, excluding corrugated paperboard(2)

09

1411

2.1 -0.4 -0.4 -1.0 -0.1 -0.7

Commercial printing(2)

09

47

9.7 0.4 1.4 0.1 0.4 -0.4

Iron and steel scrap

10

12

-24.2 -6.8 1.3 11.2 5.0 3.9

Steel mill products(2)

10

17

-14.8 -3.4 -2.4 2.3 0.9 3.6

Nonferrous mill shapes(2)

10

25

-11.5 1.1 2.2 1.7 -0.1 -0.8

Electrical machinery and equipment

11

7

4.6 0.4 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0

Electronic components and accessories

11

78

1.7 0.2 -0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.5

Stage 2 intermediate demand services

ID5

9212

7.4 0.6 0.9 1.3 -0.6 0.7

Rail transportation of freight and mail(2)

30

11

3.9 -0.1 1.1 -0.9 -0.2 0.2

Truck transportation of freight(2)

30

12

-8.6 -1.4 -2.2 -1.0 -1.4 -1.7

U.S. Postal Service(2)

30

1601

10.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Courier and messenger services, except air

30

1602

4.4 0.5 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.1

Air mail and package delivery services, excluding by USPS

30

1603

1.6 -3.1 3.3 -0.1 -0.8 -0.4

Pipeline transportation(2)

30

17

- -1.3 0.3 1.2 0.0 -1.1

Airline passenger services

30

22

6.3 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Arrangement of freight and cargo(2)

31

31

-34.5 2.0 -6.0 -2.7 -4.4 -3.4

Television advertising time sales

36

21

-17.0 -9.0 -2.0 -7.4 -2.9 2.9

Wireless telecommunication services

37

2

1.7 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.1

Data processing and related services(2)

38

1

0.7 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.0

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(2)

40

1

31.6 0.4 0.4 4.5 -0.3 -0.4

Portfolio management(2)

40

2

-7.2 -0.9 3.7 -0.5 -4.6 4.1

Investment banking(2)

40

31

-5.4 -1.4 0.3 2.1 3.0 -1.7

Insurance

41

11

2.9 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Commissions from sales of insurance(2)

42

11

0.8 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0

Legal services

45

1

6.6 0.3 1.6 1.0 0.3 0.2

Accounting services (partial)

45

2

7.5 0.8 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.0

Management, scientific, and technical consulting services

45

4

0.3 1.2 1.1 -1.3 0.1 0.1

Advertising agency services(2)

45

51

0.9 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0

Staffing services

46

3

1.8 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.7 0.9

Security guard services(2)

48

1

7.1 0.0 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Janitorial services(2)

49

1

2.9 1.0 0.7 -0.1 0.2 0.7

Traveler accommodation services

53

1

6.2 1.8 -2.3 -3.6 3.8 1.3

Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance

55

1

7.6 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 0.9 0.3

Hardware and building materials and supplies retailing

58

D

-25.8 -6.9 -0.4 -5.4 0.3 -1.1

Stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

1

-0.8 -1.8 0.8 -0.4 -0.4 0.0

Stage 1 intermediate demand goods

ID5

9111

-4.1 -3.0 0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -0.5

Prepared animal feeds

02

9

1.3 0.0 -0.8 -1.8 -0.8 -1.4

Commercial electric power

05

42

10.0 1.8 2.1 1.7 -2.6 0.8

Industrial electric power

05

43

7.5 2.8 7.0 -4.5 -0.1 -1.4

Commercial natural gas

05

52

-4.5 3.3 11.8 -10.9 -9.8 -6.5

Industrial natural gas

05

53

-4.5 4.6 6.8 -10.3 -6.8 -7.2

Gasoline

05

71

-12.2 -8.6 7.5 2.8 -11.6 8.4

No. 2 diesel fuel

05

7303

-27.1 -27.5 11.0 -4.6 -6.3 -4.1

Industrial chemicals

06

1

-8.6 -0.9 0.2 -1.5 -0.6 -0.3

Prepared paint(2)

06

21

4.9 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3

Plastic construction products(2)

07

21

1.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7 0.1 -0.2

Recyclable paper(2)

09

12

-58.4 10.1 -3.7 10.1 0.2 6.7

Paper(2)

09

13

6.1 0.2 -0.3 0.7 -0.8 1.0

Converted paper and paperboard products(2)

09

15

7.6 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.1

Iron and steel scrap

10

12

-24.2 -6.8 1.3 11.2 5.0 3.9

Steel mill products(2)

10

17

-14.8 -3.4 -2.4 2.3 0.9 3.6

Primary nonferrous metals(2)

10

22

-19.4 1.6 3.1 1.5 -5.2 1.2

Nonferrous scrap

10

23

-23.6 1.3 -0.2 -3.3 -2.6 0.5

Nonferrous wire and cable(2)

10

26

2.7 1.0 2.5 1.8 -0.7 -0.2

Fabricated structural metal products

10

7

0.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.6 -0.1

General purpose machinery and equipment

11

4

9.2 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.7 0.9

Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone

13

21

12.4 0.7 3.4 0.5 -0.1 1.5

Stage 1 intermediate demand services

ID5

9112

2.6 -0.4 0.8 -0.2 0.1 0.5

Truck transportation of freight(2)

30

12

-8.6 -1.4 -2.2 -1.0 -1.4 -1.7

Airline passenger services

30

22

6.3 3.2 2.3 -1.0 0.8 -2.9

Advertising space sales in periodicals, newspapers, directories, and mailing lists(2)

36

1

4.2 1.0 1.1 0.6 0.9 0.0

Business wired telecommunication services(2)

37

12

3.2 0.2 -0.1 1.2 0.1 0.4

Wireless telecommunication services

37

2

1.7 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.1

Bundled wired telecommunications access services(2)

37

5

10.0 -0.2 4.2 -0.4 1.3 0.0

Business loans (partial)

39

11

81.9 1.4 8.7 10.8 -5.7 1.8

Deposit services (partial)(2)

39

2

19.8 15.2 -1.9 -2.1 4.3 0.3

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(2)

40

1

31.6 0.4 0.4 4.5 -0.3 -0.4

Portfolio management(2)

40

2

-7.2 -0.9 3.7 -0.5 -4.6 4.1

Investment banking(2)

40

3

-5.4 -1.4 0.3 2.1 3.0 -1.7

Insurance

41

11

2.9 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nonresidential real estate rents(2)

43

11

0.5 1.0 1.7 -4.2 -1.6 2.4

Architectural and engineering services

45

3

3.8 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.7

Management consulting services

45

41

0.3 1.2 1.1 -1.3 0.1 0.1

Waste collection

50

1

12.8 0.7 1.3 1.6 1.1 1.1

Traveler accommodation services

53

11

6.2 1.8 -2.3 -3.6 3.8 1.3

Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance

55

1

7.6 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 0.9 0.3

Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling(2)

57

1102

7.2 -1.3 1.8 -1.3 4.7 0.3

Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling

57

3

-5.4 1.3 -2.5 -2.1 -1.7 0.5

Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling(2)

57

4

-1.4 -6.2 15.2 2.1 10.7 1.2

Chemicals and allied products wholesaling(2)

57

5

6.4 -1.1 4.0 -3.5 -1.9 0.6

Paper and plastics products wholesaling(2)

57

6

7.4 1.6 -1.7 0.8 -1.1 2.5

Hardware and building materials and supplies retailing

58

D

-25.8 -6.9 -0.4 -5.4 0.3 -1.1

Mining services(2)

60

1

7.8 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.1

Footnotes
(1) All indexes are subject to revision for 4 months after their originally scheduled publication to incorporate late reports and corrections by survey respondents. In addition, seasonally adjusted indexes are subject to change for up to 5 years due to the recalculation of seasonal factors published each January.
(2) Seasonal tests did not indicate the presence of seasonality. Data shown is not seasonally adjusted.
(3) Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.
(p) Preliminary

"-" Data not available.
NOTE: The term "(partial)" denotes incomplete coverage of the index category.


Table 3. Producer price indexes for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted [April 2023, Index base Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Grouping Other
index
base
Commodity code Seasonally adjusted index(1)
Group
code
Item
code
Dec.
2022
Jan.
2023(p)
Feb.
2023(p)
Mar.
2023(p)
Apr.
2023(p)

Final Demand

Final demand

 

FD

4

140.721 141.288 141.320 140.804 141.132

Final demand goods

 

FD

41

143.188 144.976 144.396 142.882 143.131

Final demand foods

 

FD

411

156.904 154.851 151.324 151.756 151.047

Finished consumer foods(2)

00/82

FD

4111

275.957 272.411 265.304 267.395 265.958

Finished consumer foods, crude

00/82

FD

41113

422.926 349.590 283.542 294.912 300.935

Finished consumer foods, processed

00/82

FD

41112

260.770 263.858 262.387 263.587 261.446

Government purchased foods

 

FD

4112

154.300 154.330 152.385 152.901 151.267

Foods for export

 

FD

4113

163.255 159.919 157.954 154.923 155.072

Final demand energy

 

FD

412

145.646 153.567 152.374 143.279 144.434

Finished consumer energy goods(2)

00/82

FD

4121

224.488 236.991 236.982 221.540 226.657

Government purchased energy

 

FD

4122

162.174 173.861 168.238 159.843 153.216

Energy for export

 

FD

4123

148.122 150.184 144.569 141.707 135.052

Final demand goods less foods and energy

 

FD

413

138.813 139.662 140.096 140.395 140.630

Finished goods less foods and energy(2)

00/82

FD

4131

242.696 244.370 245.214 245.859 246.033

Finished consumer goods less foods and energy

00/82

FD

41311

269.999 271.794 273.060 273.486 273.623

Nondurable consumer goods less foods and energy

00/82

FD

413111

347.966 350.738 353.093 353.536 354.101

Durable consumer goods

00/82

FD

413112

189.498 190.448 190.742 191.127 190.904

Private capital equipment

00/82

FD

41312

208.113 209.607 210.044 210.854 211.051

Private capital equipment for manufacturing industries

00/82

FD

413121

221.830 223.872 224.596 225.460 225.838

Private capital equipment for nonmanufacturing industries

00/82

FD

413122

204.008 205.335 205.687 206.481 206.626

Government purchased goods, excluding foods and energy

 

FD

4132

135.876 136.249 136.287 136.441 136.402

Government purchased goods excluding foods, energy, and capital equipment

 

FD

41321

145.793 146.330 146.219 146.236 146.138

Government purchased capital equipment

 

FD

41322

121.479 121.652 121.868 122.184 122.218

Goods for export, excluding foods and energy

 

FD

4133

136.263 137.054 137.521 137.738 138.288

Final demand services

 

FD

42

138.402 138.393 138.699 138.609 138.998

Final demand trade services(3)

 

FD

423

152.566 150.807 151.168 150.508 151.198

Trade of finished goods(2)

 

FD

4231

151.363 149.486 149.919 149.086 149.660

Trade of personal consumption goods

 

FD

42311

150.610 149.295 149.827 148.660 149.421

Trade of private capital equipment

 

FD

42312

152.981 148.573 148.557 149.240 148.960

Trade of government purchased goods

 

FD

4232

161.018 158.509 159.073 158.600 160.297

Trade of government purchased goods, excluding capital equipment

 

FD

42321

163.332 162.508 163.017 162.884 165.930

Trade of government purchased capital equipment

 

FD

42322

156.015 150.893 151.539 150.538 150.115

Trade of exports

 

FD

4233

160.701 160.291 159.890 160.806 162.197

Final demand transportation and warehousing services

 

FD

422

156.424 155.666 154.440 153.473 150.838

Transportation of passengers for final demand

 

FD

4221

136.639 139.795 138.351 139.403 135.366

Transportation of private passengers

 

FD

42211

136.638 139.788 138.346 139.397 135.368

Transportation of government passengers

 

FD

42212

136.405 139.527 138.100 139.142 135.149

Transportation of passengers for export

 

FD

42213

136.654 139.835 138.378 139.438 135.368

Transportation and warehousing of goods for final demand

 

FD

4222

163.245 160.994 159.860 158.106 156.037

Transportation and warehousing of finished goods(2)

 

FD

42221

162.121 159.604 158.349 156.521 154.332

Transportation and warehousing of personal consumption goods

 

FD

422211

162.309 159.916 158.694 156.894 154.736

Transportation and warehousing of private capital equipment

 

FD

422212

161.371 158.345 156.955 155.014 152.698

Transportation and warehousing of government purchased goods

 

FD

42222

159.863 158.487 157.830 156.341 154.534

Transportation and warehousing of exports

 

FD

42223

167.777 165.922 164.963 163.310 161.447

Final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

FD

421

130.202 130.980 131.422 131.652 132.233

Finished services less trade, transportation, and warehousing(2)

 

FD

4211

130.660 131.324 131.679 132.002 132.581

Finished consumer services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

FD

42111

129.951 130.638 131.029 131.366 132.028

Private capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

FD

42112

137.268 137.776 137.855 138.067 138.007

Government purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

FD

4212

121.350 122.349 122.546 122.431 123.082

Gov. purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing, excl. capital investment

 

FD

42121

121.922 122.890 123.052 122.931 123.673

Government purchased capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

FD

42122

107.234 108.726 109.384 109.367 108.712

Services for export less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

FD

4213

134.477 136.675 138.659 137.941 138.483

Final demand construction

 

FD

43

173.293 176.527 176.570 176.827 176.326

Construction for private capital investment

 

FD

431

177.474 180.849 180.865 181.081 180.588

Construction for government

 

FD

432

165.484 168.440 168.541 168.887 168.365

Final Demand Special Groupings

Final demand less exports

04/10

FD

49101

138.281 138.833 138.844 138.307 138.662

Final demand less government

04/10

FD

49102

138.747 139.206 139.287 138.810 139.205

Final demand less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy(4)

04/10

FD

49103

138.026 138.258 138.597 138.586 138.939

Final demand less foods and energy(4)

04/10

FD

49104

137.692 137.947 138.271 138.272 138.603

Final demand less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption(4)

04/10

FD

49105

138.120 138.832 139.069 138.464 138.868

Final demand less foods(4)

04/10

FD

49106

137.735 138.440 138.668 138.108 138.488

Final demand less energy

04/10

FD

49107

138.527 138.652 138.758 138.784 139.055

Final demand less trade services

01/10

FD

49108

136.384 137.442 137.401 136.923 137.167

Final demand less distributive services(5)

01/10

FD

49109

135.392 136.597 136.603 136.179 136.522

Final demand goods less energy

01/10

FD

49111

141.257 141.479 141.049 141.374 141.402

Final demand goods less foods

04/10

FD

49112

137.212 139.775 139.823 137.936 138.379

Final demand services less trade services

04/10

FD

49113

131.515 132.143 132.424 132.540 132.815

Final demand distributive services(5)

04/10

FD

49114

151.139 149.328 149.452 148.637 148.887

Final demand goods plus final demand distributive services(5)

04/10

FD

49115

144.434 144.689 144.408 143.205 143.450

Final demand less foods, energy, and trade services(4)

08/13

FD

49116

126.154 126.878 127.174 127.332 127.558

Private and government purchased capital equipment

08/13

FD

49117

125.575 126.377 126.635 127.101 127.209

Private and government purchased capital investment services

08/13

FD

49118

133.640 132.210 132.210 132.413 132.150

Total private and government purchased capital investment

08/13

FD

49119

133.222 133.199 133.299 133.602 133.450

Total finished(2)

01/10

FD

49201

139.212 139.650 139.719 139.212 139.658

Total finished less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy(2)(4)

12/10

FD

49202

137.428 137.546 137.852 137.860 138.192

Total finished less foods and energy(2)(4)

01/10

FD

49203

138.246 138.373 138.685 138.695 139.029

Total finished less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption(2)(4)

12/10

FD

49204

136.998 137.554 137.839 137.241 137.751

Total finished less foods(2)(4)

01/10

FD

49205

138.360 138.929 139.220 138.621 139.136

Total finished less energy(2)

01/10

FD

49206

139.170 139.179 139.254 139.328 139.599

Finished goods(2)

00/82

FD

49207

254.047 257.715 256.703 253.364 254.532

Finished goods less energy(2)

00/82

FD

49208

250.802 251.077 249.772 250.805 250.543

Finished goods, excluding foods(2)(4)

00/82

FD

49209

247.573 253.180 253.775 249.015 250.867

Finished services(2)

01/10

FD

49210

136.943 136.825 137.111 137.049 137.448

Private capital investment services

04/10

FD

49211

143.769 142.272 142.234 142.498 142.230

Finished distributive services(2)(5)

04/10

FD

49212

149.552 147.622 147.844 146.907 147.136

Finished services less trade services(2)

04/10

FD

49213

131.371 131.913 132.145 132.368 132.702

Finished services less distributive services(2)(5)

04/10

FD

49214

129.939 130.652 130.966 131.302 131.775

Total private capital investment (goods, services, and construction)

04/10

FD

49215

141.205 141.099 141.180 141.527 141.382

Finished goods plus finished distributive services(2)

04/10

FD

49216

145.464 145.573 145.386 143.969 144.418

Total exports

04/10

FD

49301

139.623 140.196 140.348 140.039 140.143

Goods for export

00/82

FD

49302

234.872 235.580 235.312 234.749 234.910

Services for export

04/10

FD

49303

147.856 148.684 149.268 148.976 149.096

Total government purchases

04/10

FD

49401

136.013 137.711 137.157 136.296 135.784

Government purchased goods

00/82

FD

49402

234.963 240.297 237.647 234.431 231.346

Government purchased services

04/10

FD

49403

130.462 130.846 131.016 130.805 131.379

Total government purchased capital investment (goods, services, construction)

08/13

FD

49404

130.760 131.289 131.547 131.672 131.413

Government purchases, defense

05/15

FD

49405

122.844 124.441 123.767 123.206 121.700

Government purchases, non-defense

05/15

FD

49406

130.538 132.117 131.633 130.722 130.700

Personal consumption

01/10

FD

49501

138.668 139.234 139.301 138.600 139.181

Personal consumption goods (finished consumer goods)

00/82

FD

49502

273.662 278.196 276.550 271.394 272.986

Personal consumption goods less energy

00/82

FD

49503

273.188 272.665 270.268 271.424 270.872

Personal consumption goods less foods

00/82

FD

49504

270.664 278.700 279.390 271.185 274.057

Personal consumption nondurable goods less foods

00/82

FD

49508

305.935 317.355 318.221 306.176 310.431

Personal consumption services

04/10

FD

49505

135.372 135.469 135.804 135.692 136.192

Personal consumption less trade services

04/10

FD

49506

135.115 136.139 136.090 135.508 136.041

Personal consumption less distributive services(5)

04/10

FD

49507

134.364 135.518 135.510 134.970 135.600

Personal consumption less foods and energy

04/14

FD

49510

126.793 126.969 127.312 127.239 127.665

Personal consumption less foods, energy, and trade services(3)

04/14

FD

49511

123.103 123.706 124.004 124.234 124.577

Personal consumption less foods, energy, and distributive services(5)

04/14

FD

49512

122.491 123.220 123.582 123.895 124.340

Personal consumption goods plus personal consumption distributive services(5)

08/13

FD

49509

134.135 134.518 134.272 132.482 133.046

Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type

Processed goods

Processed goods for intermediate demand

00/82

ID6

1

261.622 264.503 263.232 260.950 260.015

Materials and components for manufacturing

00/82

ID6

11

236.948 236.771 236.342 236.000 236.775

Materials for manufacturing

 

ID6

111

149.728 149.072 148.438 147.933 148.491

Materials for food manufacturing

00/82

ID6

1111

260.262 260.866 254.759 254.780 251.890

Materials for nondurable manufacturing

00/82

ID6

1112

279.782 278.957 275.886 273.989 274.125

Materials for durable manufacturing

00/82

ID6

1113

281.260 278.733 282.121 281.892 285.819

Components for manufacturing

00/82

ID6

112

185.345 186.382 186.814 187.160 187.620

Components for nondurable manufacturing

 

ID6

1121

147.914 147.445 147.379 146.894 147.276

Components for durable manufacturing

 

ID6

1122

130.635 131.425 131.749 132.028 132.352

Materials and components for construction

00/82

ID6

12

349.119 349.236 349.265 350.946 351.111

Materials for construction

 

ID6

121

166.392 165.444 165.738 165.981 166.180

Components for construction

 

ID6

122

177.204 178.085 177.862 179.189 179.171

Processed fuels and lubricants for intermediate demand

00/82

ID6

13

261.502 275.384 270.792 259.813 253.919

Processed fuels and lubricants to manufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

131

274.315 282.031 271.285 268.988 259.678

Processed fuels and lubricants to nonmanufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

132

257.765 273.550 270.861 257.184 252.343

Containers for intermediate demand

00/82

ID6

14

314.975 314.404 313.859 312.149 311.677

Supplies for intermediate demand

00/82

ID6

15

252.603 253.475 252.913 252.871 252.371

Supplies to manufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

151

247.944 247.383 247.245 247.176 247.187

Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

152

251.323 252.409 251.785 251.748 251.172

Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, feeds

00/82

ID6

1521

255.506 254.125 248.408 244.439 240.661

Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, other than feeds

00/82

ID6

1522

252.903 254.218 254.247 254.717 254.550

Unprocessed goods

Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand

00/82

ID6

2

295.882 282.189 268.759 257.784 262.120

Unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs

00/82

ID6

21

255.975 241.143 238.718 237.180 233.891

Unprocessed nonfood materials

00/82

ID6

22

312.297 299.774 279.288 262.244 271.653

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel

00/82

ID6

221

328.779 330.741 336.897 323.396 347.467

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to manufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

2211

304.903 306.373 312.263 299.193 322.293

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to nonmanufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

2212

331.393 342.553 344.310 344.228 349.390

Unprocessed fuel

00/82

ID6

222

266.390 226.895 157.013 134.083 115.322

Unprocessed fuel to manufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

2221

273.341 262.832 238.352 229.467 224.540

Unprocessed fuel to nonmanufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

2222

273.598 231.385 157.016 132.662 112.606

Services

Services for intermediate demand

 

ID6

3

142.892 144.254 144.719 144.457 145.431

Trade services for intermediate demand(3)

 

ID6

33

168.640 169.895 169.336 170.969 173.460

Trade services for manufacturing industries

12/12

ID6

331

153.102 156.218 155.501 158.639 161.065

Trade services for nonmanufacturing industries

12/12

ID6

332

151.010 150.233 149.933 149.816 151.888

Transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand

 

ID6

32

157.095 157.642 157.519 156.504 155.204

Transportation of passengers for intermediate demand

 

ID6

321

136.468 139.589 138.162 139.204 135.212

Transportation of passengers for manufacturing industries

 

ID6

3211

136.630 139.809 138.353 139.412 135.345

Transportation of passengers for nonmanufacturing industries

 

ID6

3212

136.509 139.625 138.201 139.241 135.257

Transportation and warehousing of goods for intermediate demand

 

ID6

322

159.338 159.655 159.654 158.444 157.395

Transportation and warehousing of goods for manufacturing industries

12/12

ID6

3221

135.475 134.200 133.683 132.656 131.312

Transportation and warehousing of goods for nonmanufacturing industries

12/12

ID6

3222

141.436 142.178 142.328 141.254 140.454

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand

 

ID6

31

133.399 134.922 135.713 135.178 136.229

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for manufacturing industries

 

ID6

311

125.062 126.514 126.907 127.117 127.773

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for nonmanufacturing industries

 

ID6

312

133.665 135.190 135.995 135.434 136.499

Construction

Construction for intermediate demand

 

ID6

4

141.372 142.459 142.747 143.366 144.500

Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type Special Groupings

Processed materials less foods and feeds

00/82

ID6

9111

262.335 265.451 264.584 262.140 261.413

Processed foods and feeds

00/82

ID6

9112

254.931 255.510 250.278 249.595 246.622

Processed energy goods

00/82

ID6

9113

262.716 276.662 272.049 261.019 255.097

Processed materials less energy

00/82

ID6

9118

258.201 258.357 257.921 257.816 258.117

Processed materials less foods and energy

00/82

ID6

9115

258.136 258.225 258.408 258.377 259.099

Intermediate distributive services(6)

04/10

ID6

9116

162.178 163.031 162.719 163.112 164.053

Processed goods plus intermediate distributive services

04/10

ID6

9117

147.607 148.970 148.382 147.587 147.473

Unprocessed materials less agricultural products

00/82

ID6

9211

315.531 301.013 277.649 260.137 270.458

Unprocessed energy materials(7)

00/82

ID6

9212

258.464 239.392 212.898 191.825 201.761

Unprocessed materials less energy

00/82

ID6

9213

305.060 296.210 294.831 292.941 292.471

Unprocessed nonfood materials less energy(8)

00/82

ID6

9216

449.759 459.701 461.557 458.623 466.844

Intermediate Demand by Production Flow

Stage 4 Intermediate Demand

Stage 4 intermediate demand

 

ID5

4

146.305 147.755 147.812 147.506 148.130

Inputs to stage 4 goods producers

 

ID5

41

145.737 146.378 146.258 146.736 147.178

Goods

 

ID5

411

140.600 140.668 140.762 140.328 140.341

Foods

 

ID5

4111

157.994 157.960 156.175 152.862 152.399

Energy

 

ID5

4112

179.883 173.292 172.173 179.121 160.147

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

4113

137.688 137.826 138.218 138.161 138.407

Services

 

ID5

412

162.871 165.357 164.537 168.002 169.853

Trade services

 

ID5

4123

173.458 176.522 175.331 180.279 182.838

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

4122

139.854 139.975 138.865 138.211 136.904

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

41221

136.653 139.835 138.377 139.437 135.367

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

41222

149.743 149.267 148.153 147.118 146.269

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

4121

126.552 127.759 128.175 128.333 128.966

Inputs to stage 4 services producers

 

ID5

42

142.432 144.374 144.518 143.767 144.464

Goods

 

ID5

421

146.063 148.688 147.917 146.830 145.998

Foods

 

ID5

4211

150.655 150.773 148.426 148.672 146.381

Energy

 

ID5

4212

142.193 148.512 147.179 143.214 142.079

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

4213

146.216 147.294 147.342 147.521 147.322

Services

 

ID5

422

140.978 142.721 143.170 142.530 143.735

Trade services

 

ID5

4223

158.559 159.460 158.622 159.513 161.860

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

4222

149.218 151.638 152.195 151.626 150.657

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

42221

136.121 139.273 137.830 138.880 134.849

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

42222

152.056 154.367 155.272 154.421 153.977

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

4221

137.238 138.984 139.559 138.750 140.047

Construction

 

ID5

423

141.372 142.459 142.747 143.366 144.500

Inputs to stage 4 construction producers

 

ID5

43

161.303 162.426 162.513 162.309 163.027

Goods

 

ID5

431

165.435 166.796 167.026 166.477 167.192

Energy

 

ID5

4312

159.881 170.397 171.183 157.298 163.469

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

4313

169.826 170.296 170.476 171.233 171.425

Services

 

ID5

432

150.698 151.205 150.943 151.584 152.310

Trade services

 

ID5

4323

167.012 169.012 168.548 170.826 172.605

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

4322

156.692 154.317 152.908 151.183 149.077

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

43221

142.444 145.755 144.238 145.341 141.106

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

43222

157.863 155.342 153.928 152.125 150.060

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

4321

129.000 129.393 129.746 129.854 130.719

Stage 3 Intermediate Demand

Stage 3 intermediate demand

 

ID5

3

148.987 149.322 148.886 148.068 147.915

Inputs to stage 3 goods producers

 

ID5

31

162.575 160.413 159.861 160.043 159.752

Goods

 

ID5

311

159.712 156.454 155.882 155.756 155.122

Foods

 

ID5

3111

189.098 178.874 175.796 175.567 172.027

Energy

 

ID5

3112

153.779 155.556 151.838 153.702 147.467

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

3113

151.966 151.312 151.963 151.766 152.660

Services

 

ID5

312

162.630 164.830 164.394 165.731 166.752

Trade services

 

ID5

3123

166.057 170.842 170.571 173.822 176.551

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

3122

157.523 155.620 154.453 153.050 151.156

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

31221

145.496 148.882 147.331 148.459 144.127

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

31222

157.960 155.771 154.627 153.085 151.329

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

3121

130.097 131.470 131.940 132.155 133.055

Inputs to stage 3 services producers

 

ID5

32

137.907 140.084 139.757 138.211 138.156

Goods

 

ID5

321

133.523 140.410 137.320 132.553 128.496

Foods

 

ID5

3211

161.754 165.552 162.686 161.128 156.981

Energy

 

ID5

3212

138.051 149.169 143.997 136.141 129.613

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

3213

136.138 136.590 136.725 136.672 136.418

Services

 

ID5

322

138.894 139.894 140.279 139.544 140.515

Trade services

 

ID5

3223

191.580 189.371 191.630 189.120 192.403

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

3222

161.027 162.485 162.739 161.547 160.811

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

32221

104.488 104.461 104.461 104.612 104.349

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

32222

161.521 162.986 163.242 162.043 161.304

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

3221

130.154 131.214 131.522 131.017 132.320

Construction

 

ID5

323

141.372 142.459 142.747 143.366 144.500

Inputs to stage 3 construction producers

 

ID5

33

140.365 139.748 138.270 138.106 138.182

Goods

 

ID5

331

135.705 135.073 134.905 134.437 134.203

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

3313

172.920 172.116 171.901 171.304 171.007

Services

 

ID5

332

164.206 163.805 160.616 160.780 161.225

Trade services

 

ID5

3323

168.924 168.347 164.816 165.013 165.446

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

3322

115.318 115.798 115.395 115.036 115.078

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

33222

121.723 122.230 121.804 121.425 121.469

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

3321

121.955 124.394 124.407 124.411 125.246

Stage 2 Intermediate Demand

Stage 2 intermediate demand

 

ID5

2

140.847 139.425 137.418 134.351 135.928

Inputs to stage 2 goods producers

 

ID5

21

136.226 132.654 127.644 123.069 125.316

Goods

 

ID5

211

137.143 132.085 125.151 119.032 121.560

Foods

 

ID5

2111

175.423 171.161 169.739 164.758 163.996

Energy

 

ID5

2112

114.025 106.113 95.067 85.690 89.463

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

2113

146.310 146.772 146.981 147.395 148.075

Services

 

ID5

212

146.823 147.822 148.646 148.674 150.229

Trade services

 

ID5

2123

164.707 164.986 164.306 165.329 169.693

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

2122

167.086 167.680 168.572 168.280 167.195

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

21221

136.996 140.050 138.658 139.680 135.776

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

21222

168.818 169.339 170.344 169.987 169.037

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

2121

130.772 133.190 135.843 135.031 136.170

Construction

 

ID5

213

141.372 142.459 142.747 143.366 144.500

Inputs to stage 2 services producers

 

ID5

22

141.690 143.012 144.837 143.768 144.450

Goods

 

ID5

221

146.250 147.330 146.857 146.097 145.746

Foods

 

ID5

2211

130.684 128.855 125.852 122.091 120.853

Energy

 

ID5

2212

170.176 183.673 180.738 168.103 164.150

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

2213

145.207 145.513 145.232 145.283 145.178

Services

 

ID5

222

140.720 142.076 144.212 143.071 143.868

Trade services

 

ID5

2223

191.446 183.363 183.360 176.663 177.863

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

2222

154.194 151.803 150.231 147.899 145.737

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

22221

137.070 140.239 138.789 139.845 135.792

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

22222

157.945 154.525 152.924 149.959 148.138

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

2221

138.197 140.286 142.812 142.016 143.017

Construction

 

ID5

223

141.372 142.459 142.747 143.366 144.500

Stage 1 Intermediate Demand

Stage 1 intermediate demand

 

ID5

1

145.774 146.921 146.396 145.852 145.910

Inputs to stage 1 goods producers

 

ID5

11

148.555 149.391 148.894 148.176 148.012

Goods

 

ID5

111

148.992 149.036 148.507 147.075 146.342

Foods

 

ID5

1111

171.021 170.405 168.970 161.538 160.206

Energy

 

ID5

1112

141.624 145.077 142.721 140.335 132.584

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

1113

150.841 150.201 150.238 150.003 150.991

Services

 

ID5

112

151.101 154.174 153.755 155.039 156.484

Trade services

 

ID5

1123

165.222 170.264 169.047 171.716 173.835

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

1122

157.910 157.790 158.688 158.360 156.976

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

11221

136.627 139.808 138.351 139.410 135.341

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

11222

161.472 160.462 161.928 161.263 160.554

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

1121

107.744 108.323 108.773 108.359 109.141

Construction

 

ID5

113

141.372 142.459 142.747 143.366 144.500

Inputs to stage 1 services producers

 

ID5

12

142.986 144.481 144.057 143.489 143.767

Goods

 

ID5

121

147.789 150.914 149.659 147.905 147.195

Foods

 

ID5

1211

229.169 223.785 187.370 199.063 205.030

Energy

 

ID5

1212

163.798 172.069 168.225 161.983 158.704

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

1213

147.744 148.745 148.872 149.025 149.429

Services

 

ID5

122

140.279 141.113 141.039 140.970 141.661

Trade services

 

ID5

1223

169.573 168.851 170.227 170.263 172.131

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

1222

143.181 145.168 144.590 144.321 142.478

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

12221

136.545 139.724 138.268 139.327 135.260

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

12222

161.971 163.552 163.378 162.376 161.514

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

1221

135.371 136.173 136.025 135.975 136.901

Construction

 

ID5

123

141.372 142.459 142.747 143.366 144.500

Inputs to stage 1 construction producers

 

ID5

13

162.512 163.010 161.885 161.913 161.564

Goods

 

ID5

131

164.062 165.319 164.601 164.471 163.892

Energy

 

ID5

1312

156.309 165.986 159.505 152.648 145.264

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

1313

167.676 167.958 167.906 168.566 168.779

Services

 

ID5

132

159.485 158.400 156.296 156.701 156.898

Trade services

 

ID5

1323

164.805 164.720 162.245 163.424 164.455

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

1322

131.419 128.605 127.489 125.789 123.710

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

13222

135.936 133.025 131.871 130.113 127.962

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

1321

135.241 136.039 135.804 136.423 137.167

Intermediate Demand by Production Flow Special Groupings

Total goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9411

144.137 145.236 145.100 144.459 144.362

Total services inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9412

144.648 146.400 146.626 146.633 147.889

Total construction inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9413

140.201 141.279 141.565 142.178 143.303

Total foods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9414

151.442 151.477 149.494 147.753 146.530

Total energy goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9415

134.243 140.265 139.354 134.590 134.092

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9416

145.677 146.091 146.359 146.542 146.682

Total goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9311

145.265 144.653 143.504 142.256 140.830

Total services inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9312

141.978 143.147 143.359 142.980 143.947

Total construction inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9313

140.201 141.279 141.565 142.178 143.303

Total foods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9314

168.099 159.107 156.368 156.154 152.999

Total energy goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9315

137.782 147.287 142.423 136.126 129.763

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9316

143.495 143.032 143.562 143.388 144.049

Total goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9211

131.425 127.211 121.243 115.942 118.067

Total services inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9212

142.633 143.906 145.738 144.870 145.850

Total construction inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9213

140.201 141.279 141.565 142.178 143.303

Total foods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9214

175.890 171.630 170.171 165.177 164.402

Total energy goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9215

112.271 104.750 94.019 84.801 88.414

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9216

137.719 138.120 138.210 138.521 138.991

Total goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9111

134.288 135.419 134.705 133.532 132.911

Total services inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9112

142.677 143.749 143.480 143.678 144.463

Total construction inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9117

140.201 141.279 141.565 142.178 143.303

Total foods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9114

162.192 161.492 159.326 152.784 151.702

Total energy goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9115

148.862 154.977 151.629 147.065 141.802

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9116

127.121 127.179 127.217 127.274 127.813

Footnotes
(1) All indexes are subject to revision for 4 months after their originally scheduled publication to incorporate late reports and corrections by survey respondents. In addition, seasonally adjusted indexes are subject to change for up to 5 years due to the recalculation of seasonal factors published each January.
(2) PPI defines Total finished as including only the personal consumption and private capital investment portions of final demand.
(3) Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.
(4) The PPI definition of foods does not include food and beverages for immediate consumption. PPI defines food and beverages for immediate consumption as the service of preparing meals, snacks, and beverages to customer order for immediate on-premises and off-premises consumption.
(5) Distributive services include transportation, warehousing, and trade of goods.
(6) Includes intermediate trade, transportation, and warehousing services.
(7) Includes crude petroleum.
(8) Excludes crude petroleum.
(p) Preliminary

"-" Data not available.


Last Modified Date: May 11, 2023