Productivity and Costs by Industry: Manufacturing and Mining Industries News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Thursday, April 24, 2025                                                         USDL-25-0565

Technical information: (202) 691-5606  *  productivity@bls.gov   *  www.bls.gov/productivity 
Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                                    PRODUCTIVITY AND COSTS BY INDUSTRY
                                MANUFACTURING AND MINING INDUSTRIES - 2024

Labor productivity decreased in 52 of the 86 four-digit NAICS manufacturing industries in 2024, the U.S. Bureau of 
Labor Statistics reported today. Among durable manufacturing industries, 22 of 51 had productivity increases in 2024, 
led by a gain of 17.2 percent in the household appliances industry. Productivity rose in 11 of 35 nondurable goods 
manufacturing industries, led by a 12.5-percent gain in fiber, yarn, and thread mills. Productivity fell in 4 of the 
5 mining industries in 2024 with the greatest decrease occurring in the metal ore mining industry (-10.6 percent). 
(See table 1.) Among industries with more than 350,000 workers, aerospace products and parts had the largest 
productivity decline in 2024 (-7.0 percent) while electronic instruments recorded the highest productivity gain 
(2.8 percent).

Hours worked decreased in 50 of the 86 four-digit manufacturing industries in 2024. Electric lighting equipment 
recorded the greatest decline in hours worked (-21.2 percent). Hours worked decreased in three of five mining 
industries. Eleven of the 91 mining and manufacturing industries increased both output and hours worked in 2024. Six 
of these eleven industries had declining labor productivity.

Labor Productivity Trends in Three-Digit NAICS Industries, 2024

Manufacturing
   * Labor productivity declined in 12 of the 21 three-digit NAICS manufacturing industries in 2024. Among the 9 
     industries with productivity gains, 8 recorded declines in both output and hours worked.
   * Output decreased in 19 industries. Twelve of these industries had an output decline of more than 2.0 percent.
   * Computer and electronic products was the only manufacturing industry that had growth in both productivity 
     (+2.2 percent) and output (+0.1 percent).
   * Nonmetallic mineral products had the largest productivity decline (-7.2 percent).
   
Mining
   * Labor productivity declined in 2 of the 3 three-digit NAICS mining industries in 2024.
   * Oil and gas extraction had a productivity gain of 0.2 percent due to a 2.1-percent increase in output and a 
     1.9-percent increase in hours worked.
   * Productivity fell 5.7 percent in mining (except oil and gas), the most among mining industries. Hours worked 
     rose in this industry (+0.5 percent) while output fell (-5.2 percent).

Trends in Unit Labor Costs in 2024

Unit labor costs reflect the total labor costs required to produce a unit of output. Unit labor costs increase 
when hourly compensation growth exceeds productivity growth.

Manufacturing
   * In manufacturing, unit labor costs increased in 20 of the 21 three-digit NAICS industries in 2024, at an 
     average rate of 6.1 percent. The four industries with the largest growth in unit labor costs were nonmetallic 
     mineral products (+12.1 percent), transportation equipment (+9.5 percent), textile product mills 
     (+9.4 percent), and furniture and related products (+9.4 percent). All four industries had declining output 
     but increased labor compensation. 
   * Unit labor costs increased in 73 out of the 86 four-digit NAICS manufacturing industries. Labor 
     compensation increased in 66 manufacturing industries in 2024. (See table 1.)

Mining
   * Unit labor costs increased in each of the three-digit NAICS mining industries. The greatest growth in 
     unit labor costs occurred in support activities for mining (+18.5 percent). This industry also had the 
     largest increase in hourly compensation (+12.4 percent).
	 
2019 to 2024 Trends

Productivity increased in 35 of the 86 four-digit NAICS manufacturing industries from 2019 to 2024. Over 
this period, 2 of the 5 four-digit NAICS mining industries experienced productivity growth. Note that the 
annual percent changes for periods of more than one year are annualized average rates of change over the entire 
period, or a compound annual growth rate. (See table 3.)

Manufacturing
   * The two industries with the greatest gains in productivity from 2019 to 2024 were audio and video equipment
     (+11.2 percent per year) and apparel knitting mills (+8.6 percent). The largest productivity decline 
     occurred in tobacco manufacturing (-9.0 percent).
   * Output decreased in over three-quarters of the four-digit NAICS manufacturing industries from 2019 to 2024. 
     Audio and video equipment manufacturing was the industry with the greatest output growth (+8.6 percent per 
     year) while the largest declines occurred in textile and fabric finishing mills and office furniture and 
     fixtures (-8.2 percent in both industries).
   * Hours worked fell in 53 out of 86 four-digit NAICS manufacturing industries from 2019 to 2024. Apparel 
     knitting mills recorded the largest drop in hours worked (-10.5 percent per year). Two manufacturing 
     industries had growth in hours worked of more than 4.0 percent per year over this period: beverages 
     (+4.8 percent) and motor vehicles (+4.7 percent).
	 
Mining
   * The greatest productivity growth among mining industries from 2019 to 2024 occurred in oil and gas 
     extraction (+5.3 percent per year).
   * Output increased from 2019 to 2024 in two mining industries. The greater increase in output occurred 
     in oil and gas extraction at 1.8 percent per year. Coal mining had the largest decline in output 
     (-6.7 percent per year) from 2019 to 2024. 
   * In 2024, hours worked remained below pre-pandemic levels in 4 out of the 5 four-digit NAICS mining 
     industries. The largest decline in hours worked occurred in support activities for mining which 
     decreased by 5.4 percent per year from 2019 to 2024. Metal ore mining was the only mining industry 
     to increase hours worked (+0.6 percent per year).
	 
Long-Term Trends in Labor Productivity
 
   * Over the entire 1987-2024 period, labor productivity rose in 82 of the 91 manufacturing and mining 
     industries. Output rose in 48 industries while hours worked increased in only 18. (See table 2.) In 
     the 18 industries where hours worked increased, they rose at a slow pace of 0.7 percent per year 
     (on average).
   * During the 2007-2019 period, productivity increased in 35 industries. Of these industries, only five 
     had simultaneous growth in output and hours worked. Oil and gas extraction had the greatest growth 
     in output over this period (+7.0 percent per year).
   * In the most recent 2019-2024 period, productivity increased in 37 industries. Hours worked grew in 
     34 industries, the greatest number for any selected time period. Beverages had the highest annual 
     growth in hours worked from 2019 to 2024 (+4.8 percent). Audio and video equipment manufacturing had 
     the highest annual growth in productivity (+11.2 percent) and output (+8.6 percent) of all 91 
     manufacturing and mining industries.
	 
Long-Term Trends in Unit Labor Costs
 
   * From 1987 to 2024, unit labor costs increased in 81 of the 86 four-digit NAICS manufacturing 
     industries and in all five mining industries. (See table 2.)
   * In the 2007 to 2019 time period, unit labor costs increased in 82 out of 86 manufacturing industries 
     and in 3 of the 5 mining industries. From 2007 to 2019, unit labor costs rose the most in the resin, 
     rubber, and artificial fibers industry (+5.0 percent per year). 
   * From 2019 to 2024, unit labor costs increased in 81 out of 86 manufacturing industries and in 4 of 
     the 5 mining industries. Over this period, unit labor costs rose the most in the office furniture 
     and fixtures industry (+10.9 percent).
	 
The computer and peripheral equipment industry recorded the largest productivity gain (+12.9 percent per 
year) as well as the largest unit labor costs decline (-10.1 percent) during the 1987-2024 period. However, 
from 2007 to 2019, labor productivity fell (-0.4 percent) as did unit labor costs (-0.4 percent). For the 
2019-2024 period, both labor productivity (+3.3 percent) and unit labor costs (+3.3 percent) grew in 
computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing.

Additional Information

Manufacturing industry output measures for 2022 and earlier years are constructed primarily using data 
from the economic censuses and annual surveys of the U.S. Census Bureau together with data on price changes 
primarily from BLS. Manufacturing industry output for 2023 and 2024 is estimated based on historical 
relationships between BLS sectoral output, BLS price indexes, and data on industrial production from the 
Federal Reserve Board.

Mining industry output measures are constructed primarily using data from the U.S. Energy Information 
Administration and the U.S. Geological Survey's Mineral Commodity Summaries and Mineral Yearbooks. The data 
from the U.S. Energy Information Administration are usually revised on a monthly schedule while the U.S. 
Geological Survey's publications are released annually.

Access productivity data at www.bls.gov/productivity/tables/labor-productivity-detailed-industries.xlsx for:
   * Additional industries and sectors
   * Detailed data series: indexes of productivity and related measures; rates of change; and levels of 
     industry employment, hours worked, sectoral output, and labor compensation
	 
Subscribe to productivity news releases on the BLS website at 
https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDOLBLS/subscriber/new.

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                                       Technical Note

Labor Productivity: Labor productivity describes the relationship between output and the labor hours 
involved in its production. These measures show the changes from period to period in the amount of 
goods and services produced per hour worked. Although the labor productivity measures relate real 
output in an industry to hours worked of all persons in that industry, they do not measure the specific 
contribution of labor to growth in output. Rather, they reflect the joint effects of many influences, 
including: changes in technology; capital investment; utilization of capacity, energy, and materials; 
the use of purchased services inputs, including contract employment services; the organization of 
production; the characteristics and effort of the workforce; and managerial skill. 

Unit Labor Costs: Unit labor costs represent the cost of labor required to produce one unit of output. 
The unit labor cost indexes are computed by dividing an index of nominal industry labor compensation 
by an index of real industry output. Unit labor costs also describe the relationship between compensation 
per hour worked (hourly compensation) and real output per hour worked (labor productivity). When hourly 
compensation growth outpaces productivity, unit labor costs increase. Alternatively, when productivity 
growth exceeds hourly compensation, unit labor costs decrease. 

Output: Industry output is measured as an annual-weighted index of the changes in the various products 
(in real terms) provided for sale outside the industry. Real industry output is usually derived by 
deflating nominal sales or values of production using BLS price indexes, but for some industries it is 
measured by physical quantities of output. Output is the measure of what is produced by an industry, 
derived by adjusting shipments for changes in inventories and removing intra-industry transactions. 
Industry output measures are constructed primarily using data from the economic censuses and annual 
surveys of the Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce, together with data on price changes primarily 
from BLS. Data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis at the U.S. Department of Commerce is used in part 
to construct intra-industry transactions. Other data sources include the Energy Information 
Administration at the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Geological Survey at the U.S. Department 
of the Interior. Manufacturing industry output for 2023 and 2024 is estimated based on historical 
relationships between BLS sectoral output, BLS price indexes, and data on industrial production from 
the Federal Reserve Board.

Labor Hours: Labor hours are measured as annual hours worked by all employed persons in an industry. 
Data on industry employment and hours come primarily from the BLS Current Employment Statistics (CES) 
survey and Current Population Survey (CPS). CES data on the number of total and production worker jobs 
held by wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments are supplemented with CPS data on 
self-employed and unpaid family workers to estimate industry employment. Hours worked estimates are 
derived using CES and CPS employment, CES data on the average weekly hours paid of all employees, CPS 
data on hours of self-employed and unpaid family workers, and ratios of hours worked to hours paid 
based on data from both the CPS and the National Compensation Survey (NCS). For some industries, 
employment and hours data are supplemented or further disaggregated using data from the BLS Quarterly 
Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), the Census Bureau, or other sources. Hours worked are 
estimated separately for different types of workers and then are directly aggregated; no adjustments 
for labor composition are made.

Labor Compensation: Labor compensation, defined as payroll plus supplemental payments, is a measure 
of the cost to the employer of securing the services of labor. Payroll includes salaries, wages, 
commissions, dismissal pay, bonuses, vacation and sick leave pay, and compensation in kind. 
Supplemental payments include both legally required expenditures and payments for voluntary 
programs. The legally required portion consists primarily of federal old age and survivors' 
insurance, unemployment compensation, and workers' compensation. Payments for voluntary programs 
include all programs not specifically required by legislation, such as the employer portion of 
private health insurance and pension plans. Industry compensation measures are constructed 
primarily using data from the BLS QCEW and the economic censuses of the Census Bureau at the U.S. 
Department of Commerce.

Annual Percent Change: The annual percent change is the change in a series from one year to the next 
as a percent of the series-value in the previous year. Over a period of more than one year, the annual 
percent change is the compound annual growth rate in an index series, or an annualized average growth 
rate. Because the change of an index series varies from year to year, the annual percent change for a 
long time period reflects the constant rate that can be applied to each year in a period, from the 
start to the end, that would give the same total result. It is calculated as (Ending Value/Starting 
Value)^(1/Number of Years) - 1.

	
Table 3. Labor productivity, unit labor costs, and related data, 2019-2024
	

		

			
Industry
			
2017 NAICS code
			
2024
Employment
(thousands)
			
Annual percent change, 2019-2024
		
		

			
Labor productivity
			
Unit labor costs
			
Output
			
Hours
worked
			
Labor compen-
sation
			
Hourly compen-
sation
		
	
	

		

			
Mining
			

		

		

			

		
		

			
Mining
			
21
			
597.2
			
5.1
			
-0.3
			
1.0
			
-3.9
			
0.8
			
4.8
		
		

			

		
		

			
Oil and gas extraction
			
211
			
123.2
			
5.3
			
-1.6
			
1.8
			
-3.3
			
0.2
			
3.6
		
		

			
Oil and gas extraction
			
2111
			
123.2
			
5.3
			
-1.6
			
1.8
			
-3.3
			
0.2
			
3.6
		
		

			

		
		

			
Mining, except oil and gas
			
212
			
193.5
			
-1.0
			
6.4
			
-2.4
			
-1.4
			
3.8
			
5.3
		
		

			
Coal mining
			
2121
			
42.5
			
-2.0
			
7.7
			
-6.7
			
-4.8
			
0.4
			
5.5
		
		

			
Metal ore mining
			
2122
			
45.9
			
-3.0
			
7.9
			
-2.4
			
0.6
			
5.3
			
4.7
		
		

			
Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying
			
2123
			
105.1
			
0.8
			
4.8
			
0.2
			
-0.6
			
4.9
			
5.6
		
		

			

		
		

			
Support activities for mining
			
213
			
280.5
			
0.0
			
5.2
			
-5.4
			
-5.4
			
-0.5
			
5.2
		
		

			
Support activities for mining
			
2131
			
280.5
			
0.0
			
5.2
			
-5.4
			
-5.4
			
-0.5
			
5.2
		
		

			

		
		

			
Nondurable Manufacturing
			

		
		

			

		
		

			
Food
			
311
			
1,826.6
			
-1.1
			
6.5
			
0.0
			
1.1
			
6.5
			
5.3
		
		

			
Animal food
			
3111
			
76.2
			
-1.8
			
7.7
			
-0.2
			
1.6
			
7.5
			
5.8
		
		

			
Grain and oilseed milling
			
3112
			
67.6
			
-1.5
			
3.4
			
1.5
			
3.1
			
4.9
			
1.8
		
		

			
Sugar and confectionery products
			
3113
			
88.1
			
-2.1
			
7.4
			
-0.7
			
1.5
			
6.7
			
5.2
		
		

			
Fruit and vegetable preserving and specialty
			
3114
			
174.1
			
0.3
			
4.6
			
0.1
			
-0.1
			
4.7
			
4.8
		
		

			
Dairy products
			
3115
			
171.4
			
-2.8
			
6.9
			
-0.2
			
2.7
			
6.6
			
3.9
		
		

			
Animal slaughtering and processing
			
3116
			
562.6
			
-0.1
			
6.0
			
0.2
			
0.3
			
6.2
			
5.9
		
		

			
Seafood product preparation and packaging
			
3117
			
32.8
			
-1.7
			
4.9
			
-3.7
			
-2.0
			
1.0
			
3.1
		
		

			
Bakeries and tortilla products
			
3118
			
378.6
			
-1.0
			
6.5
			
-0.3
			
0.7
			
6.1
			
5.4
		
		

			
Other food products
			
3119
			
275.2
			
-3.4
			
9.5
			
-0.4
			
3.1
			
9.1
			
5.8
		
		

			

		
		

			
Beverages and tobacco products
			
312
			
352.9
			
-6.5
			
8.5
			
-2.0
			
4.8
			
6.3
			
1.5
		
		

			
Beverages
			
3121
			
340.6
			
-4.9
			
7.1
			
-0.4
			
4.8
			
6.7
			
1.8
		
		

			
Tobacco
			
3122
			
12.3
			
-9.0
			
7.0
			
-5.9
			
3.4
			
0.7
			
-2.6
		
		

			

		
		

			
Textile mills
			
313
			
93.5
			
-0.3
			
5.6
			
-5.4
			
-5.2
			
-0.1
			
5.3
		
		

			
Fiber, yarn, and thread mills
			
3131
			
20.8
			
1.2
			
5.5
			
-6.3
			
-7.5
			
-1.1
			
6.8
		
		

			
Fabric mills
			
3132
			
46.3
			
1.2
			
6.1
			
-3.8
			
-5.0
			
2.0
			
7.3
		
		

			
Textile and fabric finishing mills
			
3133
			
26.4
			
-5.0
			
5.4
			
-8.2
			
-3.3
			
-3.2
			
0.2
		
		

			

		
		

			
Textile product mills
			
314
			
108.3
			
-0.9
			
6.9
			
-5.0
			
-4.1
			
1.6
			
6.0
		
		

			
Textile furnishings mills
			
3141
			
42.6
			
1.5
			
5.6
			
-4.4
			
-5.8
			
0.9
			
7.1
		
		

			
Other textile product mills
			
3149
			
65.7
			
-3.0
			
8.4
			
-5.7
			
-2.9
			
2.2
			
5.2
		
		

			

		
		

			
Apparel
			
315
			
102.7
			
1.2
			
3.7
			
-3.9
			
-5.0
			
-0.4
			
4.9
		
		

			
Apparel knitting mills
			
3151
			
6.1
			
8.6
			
-0.3
			
-2.8
			
-10.5
			
-3.1
			
8.3
		
		

			
Cut and sew apparel
			
3152
			
81.0
			
1.2
			
3.9
			
-4.4
			
-5.6
			
-0.7
			
5.2
		
		

			
Accessories and other apparel
			
3159
			
15.6
			
-2.4
			
5.8
			
-0.9
			
1.6
			
4.9
			
3.3
		
		

			

		
		

			
Leather and allied products
			
316
			
28.1
			
0.7
			
1.4
			
-0.8
			
-1.6
			
0.6
			
2.2
		
		

			
Leather and hide tanning and finishing
			
3161
			
3.8
			
2.3
			
2.7
			
-1.5
			
-3.7
			
1.1
			
5.0
		
		

			
Footwear
			
3162
			
11.9
			
-4.0
			
3.8
			
-5.3
			
-1.3
			
-1.8
			
-0.4
		
		

			
Other leather products
			
3169
			
12.4
			
5.2
			
-1.3
			
4.1
			
-1.1
			
2.8
			
3.9
		
		

			

		
		

			
Paper
			
322
			
355.7
			
-2.5
			
5.7
			
-3.0
			
-0.5
			
2.6
			
3.1
		
		

			
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills
			
3221
			
85.4
			
-1.5
			
4.5
			
-3.9
			
-2.4
			
0.4
			
2.9
		
		

			
Converted paper products
			
3222
			
270.3
			
-2.5
			
6.1
			
-2.3
			
0.3
			
3.7
			
3.4
		
		

			

		
		

			
Printing and related support activities
			
323
			
377.6
			
0.2
			
4.7
			
-3.6
			
-3.8
			
0.9
			
4.9
		
		

			
Printing and related support activities
			
3231
			
377.6
			
0.2
			
4.7
			
-3.6
			
-3.8
			
0.9
			
4.9
		
		

			

		
		

			
Petroleum and coal products
			
324
			
110.0
			
1.4
			
4.2
			
-0.5
			
-1.9
			
3.7
			
5.7
		
		

			
Petroleum and coal products
			
3241
			
110.0
			
1.4
			
4.2
			
-0.5
			
-1.9
			
3.7
			
5.7
		
		

			

		
		

			
Chemicals
			
325
			
905.7
			
-0.9
			
6.1
			
-0.3
			
0.6
			
5.8
			
5.1
		
		

			
Basic chemicals
			
3251
			
155.0
			
1.0
			
4.6
			
0.4
			
-0.6
			
5.0
			
5.7
		
		

			
Resin, rubber, and artificial fibers
			
3252
			
96.0
			
0.9
			
2.2
			
0.6
			
-0.3
			
2.9
			
3.2
		
		

			
Agricultural chemicals
			
3253
			
39.9
			
-3.9
			
3.2
			
-1.7
			
2.4
			
1.5
			
-0.8
		
		

			
Pharmaceuticals and medicines
			
3254
			
352.0
			
-1.5
			
8.2
			
0.3
			
1.8
			
8.5
			
6.6
		
		

			
Paints, coatings, and adhesives
			
3255
			
65.1
			
-2.7
			
9.2
			
-2.4
			
0.4
			
6.6
			
6.3
		
		

			
Soaps, cleaning compounds, and toiletries
			
3256
			
116.7
			
-3.9
			
7.5
			
-3.4
			
0.6
			
3.8
			
3.2
		
		

			
Other chemical products and preparations
			
3259
			
81.0
			
0.4
			
3.5
			
-0.4
			
-0.8
			
3.1
			
3.9
		
		

			

		
		

			
Plastics and rubber products
			
326
			
729.9
			
-1.3
			
6.1
			
-1.8
			
-0.5
			
4.2
			
4.8
		
		

			
Plastics products
			
3261
			
597.0
			
-1.4
			
6.2
			
-1.7
			
-0.3
			
4.4
			
4.7
		
		

			
Rubber products
			
3262
			
132.9
			
-0.6
			
5.8
			
-2.2
			
-1.6
			
3.5
			
5.2
		
		

			

		
		

			
Durable Manufacturing
			

		
		

			

		
		

			
Wood products
			
321
			
446.6
			
-0.2
			
5.8
			
-0.7
			
-0.5
			
5.0
			
5.6
		
		

			
Sawmills and wood preservation
			
3211
			
101.8
			
3.3
			
2.2
			
1.7
			
-1.5
			
4.0
			
5.6
		
		

			
Plywood and engineered wood products
			
3212
			
82.4
			
-4.1
			
8.1
			
-3.3
			
0.8
			
4.5
			
3.7
		
		

			
Other wood products
			
3219
			
262.4
			
0.1
			
6.1
			
-0.5
			
-0.6
			
5.6
			
6.2
		
		

			

		
		

			
Nonmetallic mineral products
			
327
			
440.2
			
-1.8
			
7.0
			
-1.8
			
0.0
			
5.1
			
5.0
		
		

			
Clay products and refractories
			
3271
			
43.3
			
-0.9
			
7.2
			
-3.8
			
-2.9
			
3.2
			
6.3
		
		

			
Glass and glass products
			
3272
			
84.1
			
0.6
			
3.3
			
-0.9
			
-1.5
			
2.3
			
3.9
		
		

			
Cement and concrete products
			
3273
			
210.0
			
-2.8
			
9.2
			
-2.5
			
0.3
			
6.5
			
6.1
		
		

			
Lime and gypsum products
			
3274
			
17.0
			
-0.4
			
6.2
			
1.3
			
1.7
			
7.6
			
5.8
		
		

			
Other nonmetallic mineral products
			
3279
			
85.8
			
-3.4
			
6.4
			
-1.4
			
2.1
			
4.9
			
2.8
		
		

			

		
		

			
Primary metals
			
331
			
373.5
			
-1.8
			
7.4
			
-3.6
			
-1.8
			
3.6
			
5.5
		
		

			
Iron and steel mills and ferroalloys
			
3311
			
85.7
			
-4.4
			
9.7
			
-6.0
			
-1.6
			
3.2
			
4.9
		
		

			
Steel products from purchased steel
			
3312
			
60.1
			
0.7
			
7.7
			
-0.1
			
-0.8
			
7.6
			
8.5
		
		

			
Alumina and aluminum production
			
3313
			
59.0
			
-0.2
			
5.0
			
-1.8
			
-1.6
			
3.1
			
4.7
		
		

			
Other nonferrous metal production
			
3314
			
62.7
			
0.3
			
5.1
			
-0.9
			
-1.1
			
4.2
			
5.4
		
		

			
Foundries
			
3315
			
106.0
			
-0.8
			
5.9
			
-3.8
			
-3.0
			
1.9
			
5.1
		
		

			

		
		

			
Fabricated metal products
			
332
			
1,458.0
			
-0.7
			
6.0
			
-1.7
			
-1.0
			
4.2
			
5.2
		
		

			
Forging and stamping
			
3321
			
90.8
			
-5.3
			
7.4
			
-7.0
			
-1.9
			
-0.1
			
1.8
		
		

			
Cutlery and handtools
			
3322
			
35.0
			
-0.9
			
1.6
			
-1.3
			
-0.4
			
0.2
			
0.6
		
		

			
Architectural and structural metals
			
3323
			
416.6
			
0.8
			
6.8
			
1.2
			
0.4
			
8.0
			
7.6
		
		

			
Boilers, tanks, and shipping containers
			
3324
			
97.7
			
-4.3
			
8.4
			
-5.1
			
-0.8
			
2.9
			
3.7
		
		

			
Hardware
			
3325
			
23.1
			
-1.8
			
6.2
			
-3.7
			
-1.9
			
2.2
			
4.3
		
		

			
Spring and wire products
			
3326
			
39.5
			
-2.1
			
6.3
			
-4.1
			
-2.1
			
1.9
			
4.1
		
		

			
Machine shops and threaded products
			
3327
			
343.0
			
1.0
			
4.8
			
-1.8
			
-2.7
			
2.9
			
5.8
		
		

			
Coating, engraving, and heat treating metals
			
3328
			
129.6
			
-0.5
			
6.2
			
-3.5
			
-3.0
			
2.5
			
5.7
		
		

			
Other fabricated metal products
			
3329
			
282.7
			
-1.5
			
5.3
			
-1.1
			
0.4
			
4.1
			
3.7
		
		

			

		
		

			
Machinery
			
333
			
1,131.5
			
-1.8
			
6.6
			
-2.3
			
-0.5
			
4.1
			
4.7
		
		

			
Agriculture, construction, and mining machinery
			
3331
			
218.3
			
-2.5
			
6.4
			
-3.1
			
-0.6
			
3.1
			
3.8
		
		

			
Industrial machinery
			
3332
			
136.0
			
-5.5
			
7.6
			
-3.5
			
2.2
			
3.9
			
1.6
		
		

			
Commercial and service industry machinery
			
3333
			
89.4
			
4.4
			
3.1
			
2.6
			
-1.7
			
5.8
			
7.7
		
		

			
HVAC and commercial refrigeration equipment
			
3334
			
147.6
			
-3.8
			
7.7
			
-2.2
			
1.7
			
5.3
			
3.6
		
		

			
Metalworking machinery
			
3335
			
157.1
			
1.3
			
3.8
			
-3.0
			
-4.2
			
0.7
			
5.1
		
		

			
Turbine and power transmission equipment
			
3336
			
92.9
			
0.3
			
7.0
			
-1.1
			
-1.5
			
5.8
			
7.3
		
		

			
Other general purpose machinery
			
3339
			
290.2
			
-2.9
			
7.8
			
-2.8
			
0.1
			
4.8
			
4.7
		
		

			

		
		

			
Computer and electronic products
			
334
			
1,034.4
			
1.9
			
3.2
			
1.1
			
-0.8
			
4.4
			
5.2
		
		

			
Computer and peripheral equipment
			
3341
			
110.7
			
3.3
			
3.3
			
-0.7
			
-3.9
			
2.6
			
6.8
		
		

			
Communications equipment
			
3342
			
83.0
			
3.3
			
-4.2
			
3.9
			
0.6
			
-0.4
			
-1.0
		
		

			
Audio and video equipment
			
3343
			
19.3
			
11.2
			
-4.2
			
8.6
			
-2.4
			
4.0
			
6.5
		
		

			
Semiconductors and electronic components
			
3344
			
395.1
			
3.2
			
3.5
			
3.5
			
0.3
			
7.2
			
6.8
		
		

			
Electronic instruments
			
3345
			
415.4
			
0.2
			
4.8
			
-1.0
			
-1.2
			
3.8
			
5.0
		
		

			
Magnetic media manufacturing and reproducing
			
3346
			
10.9
			
6.4
			
-4.7
			
2.4
			
-3.8
			
-2.4
			
1.4
		
		

			

		
		

			
Electrical equipment and appliances
			
335
			
415.1
			
0.5
			
6.0
			
0.6
			
0.1
			
6.6
			
6.5
		
		

			
Electric lighting equipment
			
3351
			
34.9
			
2.9
			
5.1
			
-4.1
			
-6.8
			
0.8
			
8.1
		
		

			
Household appliances
			
3352
			
60.1
			
-0.2
			
4.0
			
-2.6
			
-2.4
			
1.3
			
3.7
		
		

			
Electrical equipment
			
3353
			
153.6
			
-3.1
			
9.5
			
-1.6
			
1.6
			
7.7
			
6.1
		
		

			
Other electrical equipment and components
			
3359
			
166.5
			
2.5
			
4.4
			
4.1
			
1.5
			
8.6
			
7.0
		
		

			

		
		

			
Transportation equipment
			
336
			
1,809.6
			
-0.5
			
4.3
			
0.1
			
0.6
			
4.4
			
3.8
		
		

			
Motor vehicles
			
3361
			
302.6
			
-2.6
			
3.6
			
2.0
			
4.7
			
5.7
			
1.0
		
		

			
Motor vehicle bodies and trailers
			
3362
			
165.8
			
-1.8
			
6.8
			
-2.2
			
-0.5
			
4.4
			
4.9
		
		

			
Motor vehicle parts
			
3363
			
558.8
			
2.6
			
0.6
			
1.2
			
-1.3
			
1.9
			
3.2
		
		

			
Aerospace products and parts
			
3364
			
563.0
			
-4.9
			
10.2
			
-4.2
			
0.8
			
5.6
			
4.8
		
		

			
Railroad rolling stock
			
3365
			
23.6
			
-1.0
			
8.4
			
-1.3
			
-0.3
			
6.9
			
7.3
		
		

			
Ship and boat building
			
3366
			
152.7
			
0.7
			
4.1
			
1.3
			
0.6
			
5.4
			
4.8
		
		

			
Other transportation equipment
			
3369
			
43.1
			
-4.6
			
3.7
			
-1.6
			
3.1
			
2.0
			
-1.1
		
		

			

		
		

			
Furniture and related products
			
337
			
365.8
			
-1.3
			
7.6
			
-4.4
			
-3.1
			
2.9
			
6.2
		
		

			
Household and institutional furniture
			
3371
			
235.7
			
0.6
			
6.3
			
-2.1
			
-2.7
			
4.1
			
6.9
		
		

			
Office furniture and fixtures
			
3372
			
102.1
			
-4.7
			
10.9
			
-8.2
			
-3.6
			
1.9
			
5.7
		
		

			
Other furniture related products
			
3379
			
28.0
			
1.9
			
3.1
			
-3.3
			
-5.1
			
-0.3
			
5.0
		
		

			

		
		

			
Miscellaneous manufacturing
			
339
			
661.7
			
-1.3
			
5.7
			
-1.5
			
-0.2
			
4.1
			
4.3
		
		

			
Medical equipment and supplies
			
3391
			
333.3
			
-1.1
			
6.2
			
-0.7
			
0.5
			
5.4
			
4.9
		
		

			
Other miscellaneous manufacturing
			
3399
			
328.4
			
-1.7
			
4.9
			
-2.7
			
-0.9
			
2.1
			
3.1