Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL 13-0388
8:30 a.m. (EST) Thursday, March 7, 2013
Technical information: (202) 691-5606 dprweb@bls.gov www.bls.gov/lpc
Media contact (202) 691-5902 PressOffice@bls.gov
Productivity and Costs
Fourth Quarter and Annual Averages 2012, Revised
Nonfarm business sector labor productivity decreased at a 1.9 percent
annual rate during the fourth quarter of 2012, the U.S. Bureau of Labor
Statistics reported today. The decrease in productivity reflects increases
of 0.5 percent in output and 2.5 percent in hours worked. (All quarterly
percent changes in this release are seasonally adjusted annual rates.)
From the fourth quarter of 2011 to the fourth quarter of 2012,
productivity increased 0.5 percent as output and hours worked increased
2.5 percent and 1.9 percent, respectively. (See table A.) Annual average
productivity increased 0.7 percent from 2011 to 2012. (See table C.)
Labor productivity, or output per hour, is calculated by dividing an index
of real output by an index of hours worked of all persons, including
employees, proprietors, and unpaid family workers. The measures released
today were based on more recent source data than were available for the
preliminary report.
Unit labor costs in nonfarm businesses increased 4.6 percent in the fourth
quarter of 2012, the combined effect of the 1.9 percent decrease in
productivity and a 2.6 percent increase in hourly compensation. Unit labor
costs rose 2.1 percent over the last four quarters. (See table A.)
BLS defines unit labor costs as the ratio of hourly compensation to labor
productivity; increases in hourly compensation tend to increase unit labor
costs and increases in output per hour tend to reduce them.
==============================================================================
Data in this release reflect the annual benchmark revision of BLS Current
Employment Statistics program data on nonfarm employment and hours, and
the revised seasonal adjustment of those data. More detail can be found in
tables 1 through 6 and appendix tables 1 through 6. See Revised measures.
==============================================================================
Manufacturing sector productivity increased 2.1 percent in the fourth
quarter of 2012, as output increased 2.5 percent and hours increased 0.4
percent. Productivity increased 2.7 percent in the durable goods sector
and increased 1.7 percent in the nondurable goods sector. Over the last
four quarters, manufacturing productivity increased 1.8 percent, as output
increased 3.3 percent and hours worked rose 1.4 percent. Unit labor costs
in manufacturing decreased 1.9 percent in the fourth quarter of 2012 and
increased 2.3 percent from the same quarter a year ago. (See tables A and
3.)
The concepts, sources, and methods used for the manufacturing and
nonfinancial corporate output series differ from those used in the
business and nonfarm business output series; these output measures are not
directly comparable. See Technical Notes for a more detailed explanation.
Revised measures
Quarterly and annual measures of hours and related series including
productivity for all sectors were revised back to 1990 to incorporate
revised Current Employment Statistics program data published February 1,
2013. The data were subject to revision from 2008 forward as a result of
annual benchmarking of establishment survey data and revised seasonal
adjustment of those data, and from 1990 to 2008 due to other minor
revisions. All index measures related to hours show historical revisions
because the 2005 base year values were revised; resulting revisions to
percent changes are small. Third quarter, fourth quarter, and annual
average data for 2012 were also revised for regular updates of source data
on output and compensation. Revised and previous measures for the third
and fourth quarters of 2012 are shown in table B for the business, nonfarm
business, and manufacturing sectors. Revised annual average measures for
2008 to 2012 are shown in table C for the nonfarm business and
manufacturing sectors. Revised third quarter measures for the nonfinancial
corporate sector are shown in table D. Quarterly and annual data for all
sectors appear in tables 1-6 for 2010 through 2012, and in appendix tables
1-6 for 2008 and 2009. Full historical annual and quarterly measures can
be found on the labor productivity and costs home page at
http://www.bls.gov/lpc/#data.
In the fourth quarter of 2012, nonfarm business productivity declined 1.9
percent, as output was revised upward slightly more than hours. Unit labor
costs rose 4.6 percent, about the same as the preliminary estimate.
Manufacturing productivity growth was revised upward, to 2.1 percent,
reflecting an upward revision to output that was larger than an upward
revision to hours. Due to both the upward revision to productivity and a
downward revision to hourly compensation, manufacturing unit labor costs
fell 1.9 percent, rather than rising 0.4 percent as reported in the
preliminary release. (See table B.)
In the third quarter of 2012, nonfarm business productivity growth was
little changed, at 3.1 percent, reflecting a slight upward revision to
hours. However, unit labor costs decreased 1.9 percent rather than falling
2.3 percent as reported February 7, due to an upward revision to hourly
compensation and the slight downward revision to productivity. In the
manufacturing sector, productivity was not revised in the third quarter.
Unit labor costs increased less than previously reported due to a downward
revision to hourly compensation. (See table B.)
Annual Average productivity growth for 2012 in the nonfarm business sector
was revised down slightly to 0.7 percent, due to an upward revision to
hours worked. The 2.2 percent increase in hours was the largest since a
similar gain in 2006. The upward revision to hours also led to a downward
revision to compensation per hour. The increase of 1.4 percent in hourly
compensation is the smallest in the annual series which begins in 1948
except for another 1.4 percent increase in 2009. Real hourly compensation,
which also takes into account changes in consumer prices, decreased 0.6
percent in 2012 in the nonfarm business sector, the same as the decline in
2011. Nonfarm business unit labor costs rose 0.7 percent in 2012, as
previously reported. (See table C.)
Manufacturing sector productivity grew 2.2 percent in 2012, reflecting a
4.5 percent increase in output combined with a 2.3 percent increase in
hours. The increase in hours worked was the largest since 1994, and
follows a 2.1 percent increase in 2011. Unit labor costs were revised
downward to 0.0 percent in the manufacturing sector.
____________
The preliminary Productivity and Costs press release for first-quarter
2013 is scheduled to be released on Thursday, May 2, 2013 at 8:30 a.m.
(EDT).
======================================================================================================
Table A. Revised fourth-quarter 2012 measures: percent change from previous quarter at annual rate
(Q to Q) and from same quarter a year ago (Y to Y)
Sector Nonfarm Durable Nondurable
Business Business Manufacturing Manufacturing Manufacturing
Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Productivity -1.9 0.5 -1.8 0.4 2.1 1.8 2.7 4.2 1.7 -0.8
Output 0.5 2.5 0.3 2.3 2.5 3.3 3.5 5.7 1.4 0.6
Hours 2.5 1.9 2.2 1.8 0.4 1.4 0.8 1.5 -0.3 1.4
Hourly
compensation 2.6 2.6 2.9 2.7 0.2 4.2 -0.2 5.2 0.8 2.3
Real hourly
compensation 0.4 0.8 0.7 0.8 -2.0 2.3 -2.3 3.3 -1.3 0.5
Unit labor
costs 4.6 2.1 4.8 2.3 -1.9 2.3 -2.9 1.0 -0.8 3.1
======================================================================================================
Table B. Revised and previous measures: fourth quarter and third quarter 2012
Sector Nonfarm Durable Nondurable
Business Business Manufacturing Manufacturing Manufacturing
Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change, annual rate fourth quarter 2012
Productivity -1.9 -2.0 -1.8 -1.9 2.1 0.5 2.7 1.6 1.7 -0.5
Output 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.0 2.5 0.7 3.5 1.8 1.4 -0.6
Hours 2.5 2.2 2.2 1.9 0.4 0.1 0.8 0.3 -0.3 -0.2
Hourly
compensation 2.6 2.4 2.9 2.7 0.2 1.0 -0.2 0.9 0.8 1.2
Real hourly
compensation 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.6 -2.0 -1.1 -2.3 -1.2 -1.3 -0.8
Unit labor
costs 4.6 4.5 4.8 4.6 -1.9 0.4 -2.9 -0.7 -0.8 1.7
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change, annual rate, third quarter 2012
Productivity 3.1 3.2 2.8 2.9 -0.9 -0.9 -1.2 -1.5 -0.9 -0.5
Output 4.7 4.7 4.2 4.2 -0.5 -0.7 -1.6 -1.9 0.7 0.8
Hours 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 0.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.4 1.6 1.3
Hourly
compensation 1.2 0.8 1.3 0.9 0.6 2.3 0.3 2.2 1.1 2.5
Real hourly
compensation -0.9 -1.5 -0.8 -1.3 -1.5 0.0 -1.7 -0.1 -0.9 0.1
Unit labor
costs -1.9 -2.3 -1.5 -1.9 1.4 3.2 1.6 3.8 2.0 3.0
======================================================================================================
Table C. Revised annual average changes in productivity and related measures: 2008-2012
Sector Nonfarm Business Manufacturing
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 | 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
--------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------
|
Productivity 0.6 2.9 3.1 0.6 0.7 | -0.6 0.1 6.5 2.6 2.2
Output -1.5 -4.5 3.1 2.6 2.9 | -4.5 -12.9 6.4 4.8 4.5
Hours -2.1 -7.2 -0.1 2.0 2.2 | -4.0 -13.0 -0.1 2.1 2.3
Hourly |
compensation 3.4 1.4 2.1 2.6 1.4 | 4.3 4.0 1.2 2.8 2.2
Real hourly |
compensation -0.4 1.8 0.4 -0.6 -0.6 | 0.4 4.4 -0.5 -0.4 0.2
Unit labor |
costs 2.8 -1.5 -1.0 2.0 0.7 | 4.9 4.0 -5.0 0.1 0.0
|
======================================================================================================
Table D. Nonfinancial corporations: revised third-quarter 2012 productivity and cost measures
Real
Hourly hourly Unit Implicit
Produc- compen- compen- labor Unit price
tivity Output Hours sation sation costs profits deflator
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change, annual rate, third quarter 2012
Revised -4.8 -3.8 1.0 1.4 -0.6 6.5 -1.3 5.2
Previous -4.7 -3.8 0.9 1.5 -0.7 6.5 -1.3 5.2
======================================================================================================
TECHNICAL NOTES
Labor Hours: Hours data for the labor productivity and cost measures
include hours for all persons working in the sector--wage and salary
workers, the self-employed and unpaid family workers. The primary source
of hours and employment data is the BLS Current Employment Statistics
(CES) program, which provides monthly survey data on the number of jobs
held by wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments. The CES also
provides average weekly paid hours of production and nonsupervisory
workers in these establishments. Weekly paid hours are adjusted to hours
at work using data from the National Compensation Survey (NCS). The BLS
Hours at Work survey, conducted for this purpose, was used for earlier
years. The Office of Productivity and Technology estimates average weekly
hours at work for nonproduction and supervisory workers using information
from the Current Population Survey (CPS), the CES, and the NCS.
Data from the CPS are used for farm labor, nonfarm proprietors, and
nonfarm unpaid family workers. Estimates of labor input for government
enterprises are derived from the CPS, the CES, and the National Income and
Product Accounts (NIPA) prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA)
of the Department of Commerce.
The CES measures jobs, counting a person who is employed by two or
more establishments at each place of employment. In contrast, the CPS
features measures of employment that count each person only once and
classify each person according to his or her primary job; hours worked at
all jobs by that person accrue to his or her primary job. However, the CPS
also collects more detailed information on employment and hours worked at
primary jobs and all other jobs, separately. The BLS productivity measures
use the more detailed information on employment and hours to assign all
hours worked to the correct industrial sector and avoid duplicating hours
data from the CES.
Output: Business sector output is a chain-type, current-weighted index
constructed after excluding from gross domestic product (GDP) the
following outputs: general government, nonprofit institutions, and private
households (including owner-occupied housing). Corresponding exclusions
also are made in labor inputs. Business output accounted for about 75
percent of the value of GDP in 2011. Nonfarm business, which excludes
farming, accounted for about 74 percent of GDP in 2011.
Annual indexes for manufacturing and its durable and nondurable goods
components are constructed by deflating current-dollar industry value of
production data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census with deflators from the
BLS. These deflators are based on data from the BLS producer price program
and other sources. The industry shipments are aggregated using annual
weights, and intrasector transactions are removed. Quarterly manufacturing
output measures are based on the index of industrial production prepared
monthly by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, adjusted
to be consistent with annual indexes of manufacturing sector output
prepared by BLS. Durables include the following 3-digit NAICS industries:
wood product manufacturing; nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing;
primary metal manufacturing; fabricated metal product manufacturing;
machinery manufacturing; computer and electronic product manufacturing;
electrical equipment and appliance manufacturing; transportation equipment
manufacturing; furniture and related product manufacturing; and
miscellaneous manufacturing. Nondurables include: food manufacturing;
beverage and tobacco product manufacturing; textile mills; textile product
mills; apparel manufacturing; leather and allied product manufacturing;
paper manufacturing; printing and related support activities; petroleum
and coal products manufacturing; chemical manufacturing; and plastics and
rubber products manufacturing.
Nonfinancial corporate output is a chain-type, current-weighted index
calculated on the basis of the costs incurred and the incomes earned from
production. The output measure excludes the following outputs from GDP:
general government; nonprofit institutions; private households;
unincorporated business; and those corporations classified as offices of
bank holding companies, offices of other holding companies, or offices in
the finance and insurance sector. Nonfinancial corporations accounted for
about 49 percent of the value of GDP in 2011.
Productivity: These productivity measures describe the relationship
between real output and the labor time involved in its production. They
show the changes from period to period in the amount of goods and services
produced per hour. Although these measures relate output to hours at work
of all persons engaged in a sector, they do not measure the specific
contribution of labor, capital, or any other factor of production. Rather,
they reflect the joint effects of many influences, including changes in
technology; capital investment; level of output; utilization of capacity,
energy, and materials; the organization of production; managerial skill;
and the characteristics and effort of the work force.
Labor Compensation: The measure includes accrued wages and salaries,
supplements, employer contributions to employee benefit plans, and taxes.
Estimates of labor compensation by major sector, required for measures of
hourly compensation and unit labor costs, are based primarily on employee
compensation data from the NIPA, prepared by the BEA. The compensation of
employees in general government, nonprofit institutions and private
households are subtracted from compensation of domestic employees to
derive employee compensation for the business sector. The labor
compensation of proprietors cannot be explicitly identified and must be
estimated. This is done by assuming that proprietors have the same hourly
compensation as employees in the same sector. The quarterly labor
productivity and cost measures do not contain estimates of compensation
for unpaid family workers.
Unit Labor Costs: The measures of unit labor costs in this release
describe the relationship between compensation per hour and productivity,
or real output per hour, and can be used as an indicator of inflationary
pressure on producers. Increases in hourly compensation increase unit
labor costs; labor productivity increases offset compensation increases
and lower unit labor costs.
Presentation of the data: The quarterly data in this release are presented
in three ways: as percent changes from the previous quarter presented at a
compound annual rate, as percent changes from the corresponding quarter of
the previous year, and as index number series where 2005=100. Annual data
are presented both as index number series and percent changes from the
previous year.
The index numbers and rates of change reported in the productivity
and costs news release are rounded to one decimal place. All percent
changes in this release and on the BLS web site are calculated using index
numbers to three decimal places. These index numbers are available at the
BLS web site, www.bls.gov/data/home.htm, or by contacting the BLS Division
of Major Sector Productivity. (Telephone 202-691-5606 or email
DPRWEB@BLS.GOV)
Information in this release will be made available to sensory-impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5606; Federal Relay Service
number: 1-800-877-8339.
Table 1. Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit
Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price
and of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator
quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2012 ANNUAL 0.6 r 2.8 2.2 r 1.4 r -0.6 r 0.8 3.4 1.9
2012 IV -1.8 r 0.3 r 2.2 r 2.9 r 0.7 r 4.8 r -5.3 r 0.4 r
III 2.8 r 4.2 1.4 r 1.3 r -0.8 r -1.5 r 9.5 r 3.1
II 1.6 r 1.9 0.3 r 1.2 r 0.2 r -0.4 4.2 1.5
I -0.8 r 2.7 3.5 r 5.5 r 3.3 r 6.3 -4.2 1.7
2011 ANNUAL 0.3 r 2.4 2.0 r 2.5 r -0.6 r 2.2 2.3 2.2
2011 IV 2.4 r 5.4 3.0 r -1.1 r -2.4 r -3.4 4.6 r -0.1
III -0.2 r 1.7 1.9 r -1.1 r -4.1 r -0.9 r 9.8 r 3.5
II 0.5 r 2.9 2.4 r -0.4 r -4.6 r -0.9 8.9 r 3.0
I -1.9 r -0.5 1.4 r 9.7 r 4.9 r 11.8 r -10.5 r 1.9
2010 ANNUAL 3.0 3.0 -0.1 r 2.0 0.3 -1.0 5.3 1.5
2010 IV 1.3 r 3.4 2.1 r 0.2 r -2.7 r -1.1 7.5 2.4
III 3.1 r 4.7 1.6 r 1.9 r 0.5 r -1.1 5.9 r 1.7
II -0.5 r 2.9 3.4 r 2.6 r 2.9 r 3.1 -0.1 1.8
I 2.5 r 3.1 0.5 r 1.5 r 0.6 r -1.0 r 4.8 r 1.4
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2012 ANNUAL 0.6 r 2.8 2.2 r 1.4 r -0.6 r 0.8 3.4 1.9
2012 IV 0.4 r 2.3 r 1.8 r 2.7 r 0.8 r 2.3 r 0.9 1.7 r
III 1.5 r 3.6 2.0 r 1.7 r 0.0 r 0.2 r 3.4 r 1.5
II 0.8 r 2.9 2.2 r 1.1 r -0.8 r 0.3 r 3.5 r 1.6
I 0.5 r 3.2 2.7 r 0.7 r -2.0 r 0.2 4.6 2.0
2011 ANNUAL 0.3 r 2.4 2.0 r 2.5 r -0.6 r 2.2 2.3 2.2
2011 IV 0.2 r 2.4 2.2 r 1.7 r -1.6 r 1.5 2.9 r 2.1
III -0.1 r 1.9 1.9 r 2.0 r -1.7 r 2.1 3.6 2.7
II 0.7 r 2.6 1.9 r 2.8 -0.6 r 2.0 2.6 2.3
I 0.5 r 2.6 2.1 r 3.5 r 1.3 r 3.0 0.4 r 1.9
2010 ANNUAL 3.0 3.0 -0.1 r 2.0 0.3 -1.0 5.3 1.5
2010 IV 1.6 r 3.5 1.9 1.5 0.3 r -0.1 4.5 1.8
III 2.5 r 3.9 1.4 1.7 r 0.4 -0.8 5.1 1.6
II 3.1 2.9 -0.2 1.7 0.0 r -1.3 r 5.9 1.5
I 5.0 1.6 -3.2 2.6 0.3 -2.2 6.2 1.1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2005=100
2012 ANNUAL 110.5 r 107.5 r 97.3 r 120.0 r 102.1 r 108.5 r 122.7 r 114.1 r
2012 IV 110.8 r 108.5 r 97.9 r 120.9 r 102.1 r 109.1 r 123.0 r 114.6 r
III 111.3 r 108.4 97.3 r 120.0 r 101.9 r 107.8 r 124.7 r 114.5
II 110.6 r 107.3 97.0 r 119.7 r 102.1 r 108.2 r 121.8 r 113.6
I 110.1 r 106.7 96.9 r 119.3 r 102.1 r 108.3 r 120.6 r 113.2
2011 ANNUAL 109.9 r 104.6 95.2 r 118.3 r 102.7 r 107.7 r 118.7 r 112.0
2011 IV 110.3 r 106.0 96.1 r 117.7 r 101.3 r 106.7 r 121.9 r 112.7
III 109.7 r 104.6 95.4 r 118.1 r 101.9 r 107.6 r 120.5 r 112.7
II 109.7 r 104.2 94.9 r 118.4 r 102.9 r 107.9 r 117.7 r 111.8
I 109.6 r 103.5 94.4 r 118.5 r 104.2 r 108.1 r 115.3 r 110.9
2010 ANNUAL 109.5 r 102.2 93.3 r 115.4 r 103.3 r 105.4 r 116.0 r 109.6
2010 IV 110.1 r 103.6 94.0 r 115.8 r 102.9 r 105.1 r 118.5 r 110.4
III 109.8 r 102.7 93.6 r 115.7 r 103.6 r 105.4 r 116.4 r 109.8
II 108.9 r 101.5 93.2 r 115.2 r 103.5 r 105.7 r 114.7 r 109.3
I 109.1 r 100.8 92.4 r 114.5 r 102.8 r 104.9 114.8 108.8
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. March 7, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 2. Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit
Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price
and of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator
quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2012 ANNUAL 0.7 r 2.9 2.2 r 1.4 r -0.6 r 0.7 3.5 1.9
2012 IV -1.9 r 0.5 r 2.5 r 2.6 r 0.4 r 4.6 r -5.9 r 0.0 r
III 3.1 r 4.7 1.6 r 1.2 r -0.9 r -1.9 r 9.3 r 2.7
II 1.7 r 2.1 0.4 r 1.2 r 0.2 r -0.5 4.7 1.6
I -0.7 r 2.7 3.4 r 5.6 r 3.4 r 6.4 -4.0 1.9
2011 ANNUAL 0.6 r 2.6 2.0 r 2.6 r -0.6 r 2.0 1.8 1.9
2011 IV 2.3 r 5.3 2.9 r -1.2 r -2.4 r -3.4 r 5.1 r 0.1
III -0.1 r 1.6 1.7 r -0.8 r -3.8 r -0.6 9.6 r 3.5
II 0.6 r 3.4 2.8 r -0.8 r -5.0 r -1.4 r 9.1 r 2.8
I -1.3 r -0.1 1.1 r 10.0 r 5.2 r 11.4 r -11.6 1.2
2010 ANNUAL 3.1 3.1 -0.1 r 2.1 r 0.4 -1.0 4.9 1.4
2010 IV 1.7 r 3.9 2.1 r 0.3 r -2.6 r -1.4 6.5 1.8
III 3.2 r 5.1 1.8 r 1.7 r 0.2 r -1.5 r 5.5 1.4
II -0.5 2.8 3.2 r 2.8 r 3.1 3.3 -0.2 1.8
I 3.1 r 3.3 0.2 r 1.8 r 0.9 r -1.2 r 4.9 1.2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2012 ANNUAL 0.7 r 2.9 2.2 r 1.4 r -0.6 r 0.7 3.5 1.9
2012 IV 0.5 r 2.5 r 1.9 r 2.6 0.8 r 2.1 r 0.8 1.6 r
III 1.6 r 3.7 2.1 r 1.7 r 0.0 r 0.1 r 3.6 r 1.6
II 0.8 r 2.9 2.1 r 1.2 r -0.7 r 0.4 3.7 1.8
I 0.5 r 3.2 2.7 r 0.7 r -2.0 r 0.2 4.8 r 2.1
2011 ANNUAL 0.6 r 2.6 2.0 r 2.6 r -0.6 r 2.0 1.8 1.9
2011 IV 0.4 r 2.5 2.1 r 1.7 r -1.6 r 1.3 r 2.6 1.9
III 0.2 r 2.2 1.9 r 2.1 r -1.6 r 1.8 r 3.0 2.3
II 1.0 r 3.0 2.0 r 2.7 -0.6 1.6 2.0 1.8
I 0.8 r 2.9 2.1 r 3.6 r 1.5 r 2.8 -0.2 1.6
2010 ANNUAL 3.1 3.1 -0.1 r 2.1 r 0.4 -1.0 4.9 1.4
2010 IV 1.9 r 3.7 1.8 r 1.6 0.4 -0.2 4.2 1.6
III 2.6 4.1 1.4 r 1.8 r 0.5 -0.9 4.7 1.4
II 3.1 r 2.9 -0.2 1.8 r 0.0 -1.3 5.7 1.5
I 4.9 1.5 -3.2 2.7 0.3 r -2.1 5.8 1.0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2005=100
2012 ANNUAL 110.8 r 107.8 r 97.3 r 120.2 r 102.2 r 108.4 r 122.1 r 113.8 r
2012 IV 111.1 r 108.8 r 97.9 r 121.0 r 102.2 r 108.9 r 122.2 r 114.1 r
III 111.7 r 108.7 97.3 r 120.2 r 102.1 r 107.7 r 124.0 r 114.1
II 110.8 r 107.4 96.9 r 119.9 r 102.3 r 108.2 r 121.3 r 113.3
I 110.4 r 106.9 96.9 r 119.5 r 102.3 r 108.3 r 119.9 r 112.9
2011 ANNUAL 110.1 r 104.7 95.2 r 118.4 r 102.8 r 107.6 r 117.9 r 111.7
2011 IV 110.5 r 106.2 96.1 r 117.9 r 101.4 r 106.6 r 121.2 r 112.4
III 109.9 r 104.8 95.4 r 118.2 r 102.0 r 107.6 r 119.7 r 112.3
II 110.0 r 104.4 95.0 r 118.5 r 103.0 r 107.7 r 117.0 r 111.4
I 109.8 r 103.5 94.3 r 118.7 r 104.4 r 108.1 r 114.4 r 110.6
2010 ANNUAL 109.4 r 102.0 93.3 r 115.5 r 103.4 r 105.6 r 115.8 r 109.6
2010 IV 110.1 r 103.6 94.0 r 115.9 r 103.0 r 105.2 r 118.0 r 110.3
III 109.7 r 102.6 93.6 r 115.8 r 103.7 r 105.6 r 116.2 r 109.8
II 108.8 r 101.3 93.1 r 115.3 r 103.7 r 106.0 r 114.6 r 109.4
I 108.9 r 100.7 92.4 r 114.6 r 102.9 r 105.2 r 114.7 108.9
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. March 7, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 3. Manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output Compen- compen-
Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit
and of all of all per hour per hour labor
quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2012 ANNUAL 2.2 r 4.5 r 2.3 r 2.2 r 0.2 r 0.0 r
2012 IV 2.1 r 2.5 r 0.4 r 0.2 r -2.0 r -1.9 r
III -0.9 -0.5 r 0.4 r 0.6 r -1.5 r 1.4 r
II 0.1 r 1.3 1.1 r 9.1 r 8.0 r 9.0
I 6.1 r 10.2 3.9 r 7.3 r 5.0 r 1.1
2011 ANNUAL 2.6 r 4.8 2.1 r 2.8 r -0.4 r 0.1
2011 IV 0.5 r 5.5 4.9 r -6.1 r -7.3 r -6.6
III 5.5 5.2 -0.3 0.5 -2.6 -4.8
II -2.1 r 0.7 2.9 r -2.5 r -6.6 r -0.4
I 4.3 r 6.8 2.4 r 12.2 r 7.3 r 7.5
2010 ANNUAL 6.5 r 6.4 -0.1 r 1.2 r -0.5 -5.0
2010 IV 3.1 r 3.1 0.0 r 1.5 r -1.5 r -1.6 r
III 1.5 5.5 3.9 r 1.3 r -0.2 -0.3
II 8.1 r 11.8 3.5 r 4.2 r 4.6 r -3.6
I 5.7 r 7.8 2.0 r -3.5 r -4.4 r -8.8
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2012 ANNUAL 2.2 r 4.5 r 2.3 r 2.2 r 0.2 r 0.0 r
2012 IV 1.8 r 3.3 r 1.4 r 4.2 r 2.3 r 2.3 r
III 1.4 r 4.0 2.6 r 2.5 r 0.9 r 1.1 r
II 3.0 r 5.5 2.4 r 2.5 r 0.6 r -0.5
I 2.4 5.3 2.8 r -0.3 r -3.0 r -2.7
2011 ANNUAL 2.6 r 4.8 2.1 r 2.8 r -0.4 r 0.1
2011 IV 2.0 r 4.5 2.5 r 0.8 r -2.5 r -1.2
III 2.6 3.9 1.2 r 2.8 r -1.0 0.1
II 1.7 r 4.0 2.3 r 3.0 r -0.4 1.3
I 4.2 r 6.8 2.4 r 4.7 r 2.5 r 0.4
2010 ANNUAL 6.5 r 6.4 -0.1 r 1.2 r -0.5 -5.0
2010 IV 4.6 7.0 2.3 0.8 -0.4 -3.6
III 5.4 r 7.9 2.4 1.0 r -0.2 r -4.1
II 8.1 r 8.3 0.2 0.9 -0.8 r -6.6
I 7.7 2.5 -4.8 1.9 r -0.5 -5.5
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2005=100
2012 ANNUAL 116.4 r 100.6 r 86.4 r 121.4 r 103.3 r 104.3 r
2012 IV 116.7 r 101.1 r 86.6 r 122.2 r 103.2 r 104.6 r
III 116.1 r 100.5 r 86.5 r 122.1 r 103.7 r 105.1 r
II 116.4 r 100.6 86.4 r 121.9 r 104.1 r 104.8 r
I 116.3 r 100.3 86.2 r 119.3 r 102.1 r 102.5 r
2011 ANNUAL 113.9 r 96.3 84.5 r 118.7 r 103.1 r 104.2 r
2011 IV 114.6 r 97.9 85.4 r 117.2 r 100.8 r 102.3 r
III 114.5 r 96.6 84.4 r 119.1 r 102.8 r 104.0 r
II 113.0 r 95.4 84.4 r 119.0 r 103.5 r 105.3 r
I 113.6 r 95.2 83.8 r 119.7 r 105.2 r 105.4 r
2010 ANNUAL 111.0 r 91.9 82.8 r 115.5 r 103.5 r 104.1 r
2010 IV 112.4 r 93.7 83.3 r 116.3 r 103.4 r 103.5 r
III 111.5 r 93.0 83.3 r 115.9 r 103.8 r 103.9
II 111.1 r 91.7 82.5 r 115.5 r 103.8 r 104.0
I 109.0 r 89.2 81.8 r 114.4 r 102.7 r 104.9 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. March 7, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 4. Durable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output Compen- compen-
Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit
and of all of all per hour per hour labor
quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2012 ANNUAL 4.6 r 7.7 r 3.0 2.6 r 0.6 r -1.9 r
2012 IV 2.7 r 3.5 r 0.8 r -0.2 r -2.3 r -2.9 r
III -1.2 r -1.6 r -0.3 r 0.3 r -1.7 r 1.6 r
II 4.1 r 5.4 1.3 r 12.4 r 11.3 8.0
I 11.6 r 16.3 4.2 r 8.8 r 6.6 r -2.5
2011 ANNUAL 3.9 r 7.8 3.8 r 3.0 r -0.1 r -0.8
2011 IV 1.3 r 9.2 7.8 r -8.3 r -9.4 r -9.5
III 7.9 r 7.3 -0.6 r 1.1 r -2.0 r -6.3
II -3.2 r 1.6 5.0 r -3.9 r -8.0 r -0.8 r
I 5.9 r 11.1 4.9 r 15.4 r 10.3 r 8.9
2010 ANNUAL 10.7 r 10.5 -0.2 r 1.1 r -0.5 r -8.7
2010 IV 3.5 r 5.0 1.4 r 1.3 r -1.6 r -2.1
III 2.5 r 9.6 6.9 r -1.1 r -2.5 r -3.5
II 17.7 r 20.7 2.6 r 7.6 r 8.0 r -8.6
I 11.7 r 14.3 2.3 r -5.8 r -6.6 r -15.7
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2012 ANNUAL 4.6 r 7.7 r 3.0 2.6 r 0.6 r -1.9 r
2012 IV 4.2 r 5.7 r 1.5 5.2 r 3.3 r 1.0 r
III 3.8 r 7.2 r 3.2 r 3.0 r 1.4 r -0.8 r
II 6.2 r 9.5 3.1 r 3.2 1.3 r -2.8
I 4.3 r 8.5 4.1 r -0.8 r -3.4 -4.8
2011 ANNUAL 3.9 r 7.8 3.8 r 3.0 r -0.1 r -0.8
2011 IV 2.9 r 7.2 4.2 r 0.7 r -2.6 r -2.2
III 3.4 6.2 2.6 3.2 -0.5 -0.2
II 2.1 r 6.7 4.5 r 2.6 -0.7 0.5
I 7.2 r 11.4 3.9 r 5.6 r 3.4 r -1.5
2010 ANNUAL 10.7 r 10.5 -0.2 r 1.1 r -0.5 r -8.7
2010 IV 8.7 12.2 3.3 0.4 -0.8 -7.6
III 9.9 r 13.3 3.1 r 0.7 -0.5 r -8.4
II 14.1 r 13.7 -0.3 r 1.2 r -0.6 r -11.3
I 10.0 r 2.9 -6.4 2.0 -0.3 r -7.2 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2005=100
2012 ANNUAL 120.0 r 102.8 r 85.6 r 122.8 r 104.4 r 102.3 r
2012 IV 120.7 r 103.6 r 85.8 r 123.7 r 104.4 r 102.4 r
III 119.9 r 102.7 r 85.6 r 123.7 r 105.1 r 103.2 r
II 120.3 r 103.1 85.7 r 123.6 r 105.5 r 102.8 r
I 119.1 r 101.7 85.4 r 120.1 r 102.7 r 100.8 r
2011 ANNUAL 114.7 r 95.4 83.2 r 119.6 r 103.8 r 104.3
2011 IV 115.9 r 98.0 84.6 r 117.6 r 101.1 r 101.5 r
III 115.5 r 95.8 83.0 r 120.1 r 103.7 r 104.0 r
II 113.3 r 94.2 83.1 r 119.8 r 104.2 r 105.7 r
I 114.2 r 93.8 82.1 r 121.0 r 106.4 r 105.9 r
2010 ANNUAL 110.5 r 88.5 80.1 r 116.1 r 104.0 r 105.1 r
2010 IV 112.6 r 91.4 81.1 r 116.8 r 103.8 r 103.7 r
III 111.6 r 90.3 80.8 r 116.4 r 104.2 r 104.3 r
II 111.0 r 88.2 79.5 r 116.7 r 104.9 r 105.2
I 106.5 r 84.2 79.0 r 114.6 r 102.9 r 107.6 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. March 7, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 5. Nondurable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output Compen- compen-
Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit
and of all of all per hour per hour labor
quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2012 ANNUAL -0.2 r 1.1 r 1.2 r 1.3 r -0.8 1.4 r
2012 IV 1.7 r 1.4 r -0.3 r 0.8 r -1.3 r -0.8 r
III -0.9 r 0.7 r 1.6 r 1.1 r -0.9 r 2.0 r
II -4.1 r -3.4 0.8 r 3.1 r 2.1 r 7.6 r
I 0.3 r 3.7 3.4 r 4.2 r 2.1 r 3.9
2011 ANNUAL 2.5 r 1.9 -0.6 r 2.0 r -1.1 r -0.5
2011 IV 1.2 r 1.5 0.3 r -2.5 r -3.7 r -3.6
III 2.7 r 2.9 0.2 r -0.6 r -3.7 r -3.2 r
II 0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -4.4 -0.3
I 3.9 r 2.2 -1.6 r 6.0 r 1.4 r 2.1
2010 ANNUAL 3.0 3.2 0.2 1.3 -0.3 -1.6
2010 IV 4.0 r 1.7 -2.2 r 1.4 r -1.5 r -2.5 r
III 3.1 r 2.4 -0.7 r 5.1 r 3.7 r 2.0
II -0.2 4.7 5.0 r -1.4 -1.1 r -1.2
I 2.2 r 3.7 1.5 r 0.5 r -0.4 r -1.7
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2012 ANNUAL -0.2 r 1.1 r 1.2 r 1.3 r -0.8 1.4 r
2012 IV -0.8 r 0.6 r 1.4 2.3 r 0.5 r 3.1 r
III -0.9 r 0.6 1.5 r 1.5 r -0.1 2.4 r
II 0.0 r 1.1 1.2 r 1.0 r -0.8 r 1.0
I 1.1 r 2.0 0.9 r 0.2 r -2.5 r -0.9
2011 ANNUAL 2.5 r 1.9 -0.6 r 2.0 r -1.1 r -0.5
2011 IV 2.0 r 1.6 -0.4 r 0.6 r -2.6 r -1.3
III 2.7 r 1.6 -1.0 r 1.6 r -2.1 r -1.0
II 2.8 r 1.5 -1.2 r 3.1 r -0.2 r 0.3
I 2.7 r 2.8 0.1 r 2.8 r 0.6 r 0.1
2010 ANNUAL 3.0 3.2 0.2 1.3 -0.3 -1.6
2010 IV 2.3 3.1 0.9 1.4 0.1 -0.9
III 2.6 r 3.8 1.2 r 1.4 r 0.1 r -1.2
II 2.9 3.8 0.9 0.6 r -1.2 r -2.2
I 4.2 2.0 -2.2 r 1.9 r -0.5 -2.3
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2005=100
2012 ANNUAL 110.2 r 96.8 r 87.8 r 119.0 r 101.2 r 108.0 r
2012 IV 110.1 r 96.9 r 88.0 r 119.5 r 101.0 r 108.5 r
III 109.7 r 96.6 r 88.1 r 119.3 r 101.3 r 108.8 r
II 109.9 r 96.4 87.7 r 119.0 r 101.5 r 108.2 r
I 111.1 r 97.2 87.6 r 118.0 r 101.0 r 106.3 r
2011 ANNUAL 110.4 r 95.8 86.8 r 117.5 r 102.0 r 106.4 r
2011 IV 111.0 r 96.4 86.8 r 116.8 r 100.5 r 105.3 r
III 110.7 r 96.0 86.8 r 117.6 r 101.4 r 106.2 r
II 109.9 r 95.3 86.7 r 117.7 r 102.4 r 107.1 r
I 109.9 r 95.4 86.8 r 117.8 r 103.5 r 107.2 r
2010 ANNUAL 107.7 r 94.0 87.3 r 115.2 r 103.1 r 107.0
2010 IV 108.8 r 94.9 87.2 r 116.1 r 103.2 r 106.7 r
III 107.8 r 94.5 87.6 r 115.7 r 103.6 r 107.3 r
II 107.0 r 93.9 87.8 r 114.2 r 102.6 r 106.8 r
I 107.0 r 92.8 86.7 r 114.6 r 102.9 r 107.1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. March 7, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 6. Nonfinancial corporate sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, unit profits,
and prices, seasonally adjusted
Real Unit
Output Hourly hourly non- Total Unit Implicit
Year per all- compen- compen- Unit labor unit pro- price
and employee Employee sation sation labor costs cost fits deflator
quarter hour Output hours (1) (2) costs (6) (7) (8) (4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2012 III -4.8 r -3.8 1.0 r 1.4 r -0.6 r 6.5 5.7 6.3 -1.3 5.2
II 1.4 r 2.1 0.6 r 2.7 r 1.6 r 1.2 -2.1 0.2 8.5 1.4
I 1.5 r 5.1 3.5 r 5.9 r 3.6 r 4.3 -2.1 2.4 -2.1 1.7
2011 ANNUAL 0.8 r 3.6 2.8 r 2.4 r -0.8 r 1.6 2.2 1.8 6.0 2.3
2011 IV 3.4 r 6.2 2.6 r -1.3 r -2.5 r -4.5 -2.7 -4.0 6.2 -2.6
III -4.2 r -1.5 2.8 r -0.7 r -3.8 r 3.6 7.1 4.6 2.8 4.4
II 3.1 r 7.1 3.9 r -1.1 r -5.3 r -4.1 -2.2 -3.5 50.3 2.3
I 4.9 r 6.7 1.8 r 10.4 r 5.6 r 5.3 2.6 4.5 -14.7 1.8
2010 ANNUAL 5.3 5.5 0.2 1.7 0.0 -3.4 -3.8 -3.5 31.6 0.0
2010 IV -4.1 r -1.7 2.6 r -0.8 r -3.6 r 3.5 7.5 4.7 -8.4 2.8
III 1.9 r 4.8 2.9 r 2.2 r 0.8 r 0.3 -0.9 0.0 28.3 3.3
II -1.8 2.2 4.1 r 1.5 r 1.9 3.4 -0.4 2.3 -1.8 1.7
I 9.1 r 10.1 0.9 r 0.7 r -0.2 r -7.8 -6.5 -7.4 61.2 -0.9
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2012 III 0.3 r 2.3 1.9 r 2.1 r 0.5 r 1.8 -0.4 1.1 2.7 1.4
II 0.5 r 2.9 2.4 r 1.6 r -0.3 r 1.1 0.0 0.8 3.8 1.2
I 0.9 r 4.1 3.2 r 0.6 r -2.0 r -0.3 0.0 -0.2 12.6 1.4
2011 ANNUAL 0.8 r 3.6 2.8 r 2.4 r -0.8 r 1.6 2.2 1.8 6.0 2.3
2011 IV 1.7 r 4.5 2.8 r 1.7 r -1.6 r 0.0 1.1 0.3 8.8 1.4
III -0.2 r 2.6 2.7 r 1.8 r -1.8 r 2.0 3.7 2.5 4.8 2.8
II 1.4 r 4.2 2.8 r 2.6 r -0.7 r 1.2 1.7 1.4 10.8 2.6
I 0.1 3.0 2.8 r 3.3 r 1.1 r 3.1 2.2 2.9 -0.4 2.4
2010 ANNUAL 5.3 5.5 0.2 1.7 0.0 -3.4 -3.8 -3.5 31.6 0.0
2010 IV 1.1 r 3.8 2.6 0.9 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 16.8 1.7
III 5.2 7.2 1.9 1.4 0.2 -3.6 -3.4 -3.5 38.7 0.6
II 6.5 r 6.4 -0.1 r 1.5 r -0.3 -4.7 -5.3 -4.9 40.2 -0.8
I 8.6 4.7 -3.6 2.9 0.6 -5.2 -6.1 -5.5 34.2 -1.7
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2005=100
2012 III 109.5 r 106.9 97.6 r 120.4 r 102.2 r 109.9 118.6 112.3 126.9 114.2
II 110.8 r 107.9 97.4 r 119.9 r 102.4 r 108.2 116.9 110.6 127.3 112.7
I 110.4 r 107.4 97.2 r 119.2 r 102.0 r 107.9 117.6 110.6 124.7 112.4
2011 ANNUAL 109.7 r 104.6 95.4 r 117.9 r 102.4 r 107.5 117.9 110.4 120.7 111.7
2011 IV 110.0 r 106.1 96.4 r 117.5 r 101.0 r 106.8 118.2 109.9 125.4 111.9
III 109.1 r 104.5 95.8 r 117.8 r 101.7 r 108.0 119.0 111.1 123.5 112.6
II 110.3 r 104.9 95.1 r 118.1 r 102.7 r 107.1 117.0 109.8 122.7 111.4
I 109.5 r 103.1 94.2 r 118.4 r 104.1 r 108.2 117.6 110.8 110.8 110.8
2010 ANNUAL 108.9 r 101.1 92.8 r 115.2 r 103.2 r 105.8 115.4 108.5 113.8 109.2
2010 IV 108.2 r 101.5 93.8 r 115.5 r 102.7 r 106.8 116.9 109.6 115.3 110.3
III 109.3 r 101.9 93.2 r 115.7 r 103.6 r 105.9 114.8 108.3 117.8 109.5
II 108.8 r 100.7 92.6 r 115.1 r 103.4 r 105.8 115.0 108.3 110.7 108.6
I 109.3 r 100.2 91.6 r 114.6 r 102.9 r 104.9 115.1 107.7 111.2 108.2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. March 7, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
SOURCES: Output data are from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the
Census Bureau of the U.S. Department of Commerce; the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor; and the Federal Reserve Board.
Hours and compensation data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and
the Bureau of Economic Analysis.
RELIABILITY: Productivity and cost measures are regularly revised as more
complete information becomes available. The measures are first published
within 40 days of the close of the reference period; revisions appear 30
days later, and second revisions after an additional 60 days. In the
business sector, the third publication (second revision) of a quarterly
index of output per hour of all persons has differed from the initial
value by between -1.7 and 1.5 index points approximately 95 percent of
the time. This interval is based on the performance of this measure
between the fourth quarter of 1995 and the third quarter of 2012.
Table Footnotes
(1) Wages and salaries of employees plus employers' contributions for
social insurance and private benefit plans. Except for nonfinancial
corporations, where there are no self-employed, data also include an
estimate of wages, salaries, and supplemental payments for the self-
employed.
(2) The change for recent quarters is based on the Consumer Price Index
for all urban consumers (CPI-U). The trend from 1978-2011 is based on
the Consumer Price Index research series (CPI-U-RS).
(3) Unit nonlabor payments include profits, consumption of fixed
capital, taxes on production and imports less subsidies, net interest and
miscellaneous payments, business current transfer payments, rental income
of persons, and the current surplus of government enterprises.
(4) Current dollar output divided by the output index.
(5) Quarterly changes: Percent change compounded at annual rate is
calculated using index numbers to three decimal places. Indexes
published in the news release are rounded to one decimal place for
convenience. Annual changes: Percent change is calculated using annual
indexes to three decimal places.
(6) Unit nonlabor costs include consumption of fixed capital, taxes on
production and imports less subsidies, net interest and miscellaneous
payments, and business current transfer payments.
(7) Total unit costs are the sum of unit labor and nonlabor costs.
(8) Unit profits include corporate profits before tax with inventory
valuation and capital consumption adjustments.
Appendix table 1.
Business sector: Revised productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit
Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price
and of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator
quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2009 ANNUAL 3.0 r -4.3 -7.1 r 1.4 1.7 r -1.6 3.7 0.4
2009 IV 4.9 r 4.9 0.0 r 0.7 r -2.3 r -4.0 10.2 r 1.6
III 5.8 0.7 -4.8 2.3 -1.3 -3.3 9.1 1.5
II 6.8 r -2.3 -8.5 r 6.2 r 4.3 r -0.6 r 0.9 r 0.0
I 5.6 r -5.0 -10.1 r -2.8 r -0.4 r -8.0 9.8 -1.4
2008 ANNUAL 0.7 -1.3 -2.0 3.3 -0.5 2.6 0.6 1.8
2008 IV -3.1 -12.0 -9.2 1.8 11.8 5.0 -8.6 -0.5
III -1.2 r -5.4 -4.3 r 3.1 r -3.1 r 4.3 2.2 3.5
II 2.4 r 0.2 -2.1 r -0.9 r -5.8 -3.2 13.2 2.9
I -2.1 r -3.1 -1.0 r 5.7 r 1.2 r 8.0 -7.7 1.5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2009 ANNUAL 3.0 r -4.3 -7.1 r 1.4 1.7 r -1.6 3.7 0.4
2009 IV 5.8 -0.5 -5.9 1.5 r 0.1 -4.0 7.4 0.4
III 3.7 -4.8 -8.2 r 1.8 3.5 -1.8 2.5 -0.1
II 1.9 r -6.2 -8.0 r 2.0 3.0 0.0 r 0.8 0.4
I 0.9 -5.6 -6.5 0.3 0.4 -0.6 3.8 1.1
2008 ANNUAL 0.7 -1.3 -2.0 3.3 -0.5 2.6 0.6 1.8
2008 IV -1.0 -5.2 -4.2 r 2.4 0.8 r 3.4 -0.6 1.8
III 0.2 -1.8 -1.9 r 3.3 r -1.8 3.2 0.9 2.3
II 1.6 0.4 -1.2 3.3 -1.0 1.7 1.5 1.6
I 2.0 1.4 -0.6 4.2 0.0 r 2.1 0.7 1.6
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2005=100
2009 ANNUAL 106.3 r 99.2 93.4 r 113.1 r 102.9 r 106.5 r 110.2 r 107.9
2009 IV 108.4 r 100.1 92.3 r 114.1 r 102.6 r 105.2 r 113.4 r 108.4
III 107.1 r 98.9 92.3 r 113.9 r 103.2 r 106.3 r 110.7 r 108.0
II 105.6 r 98.7 93.4 r 113.2 r 103.6 r 107.2 r 108.3 r 107.6
I 103.9 r 99.3 95.5 111.5 r 102.5 r 107.3 108.1 r 107.6
2008 ANNUAL 103.1 r 103.7 100.6 r 111.6 r 101.2 r 108.2 r 106.3 r 107.5
2008 IV 102.5 r 100.5 98.1 r 112.3 r 102.6 r 109.6 r 105.6 r 108.0
III 103.3 r 103.8 100.5 r 111.9 r 99.8 r 108.3 r 108.0 r 108.2
II 103.6 r 105.3 101.6 r 111.0 r 100.6 r 107.1 r 107.4 r 107.2
I 103.0 r 105.2 102.1 r 111.2 r 102.1 r 108.0 104.1 r 106.5
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. March 7, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Appendix table 2.
Nonfarm business sector: Revised productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit
Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price
and of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator
quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2009 ANNUAL 2.9 -4.5 -7.2 1.4 1.8 -1.5 4.3 0.8
2009 IV 4.8 r 5.2 0.4 r 0.8 r -2.2 r -3.9 8.6 1.0
III 5.2 0.3 -4.7 2.0 -1.6 -3.1 9.8 1.9
II 6.5 r -2.5 -8.5 r 6.3 r 4.4 r -0.2 0.3 r 0.0
I 5.8 r -5.0 -10.2 r -2.8 r -0.4 r -8.1 r 11.7 -0.9
2008 ANNUAL 0.6 -1.5 -2.1 3.4 -0.4 2.8 0.4 1.8
2008 IV -3.4 -12.7 -9.7 2.1 12.2 5.7 -7.8 0.2
III -1.0 r -5.2 -4.2 r 3.2 r -3.0 r 4.2 r 3.0 r 3.7
II 2.4 0.4 -1.9 r -1.2 r -6.1 -3.4 14.3 3.1
I -2.5 r -3.6 -1.2 r 6.0 r 1.5 r 8.7 -9.0 1.5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2009 ANNUAL 2.9 -4.5 -7.2 1.4 1.8 -1.5 4.3 0.8
2009 IV 5.6 -0.6 -5.8 r 1.5 0.0 r -3.9 7.5 0.5
III 3.5 r -5.1 -8.3 1.8 3.5 -1.6 3.2 0.3
II 1.9 -6.5 -8.2 2.1 r 3.1 r 0.3 1.5 0.8
I 0.9 -5.8 -6.6 0.3 0.4 -0.6 4.9 1.5
2008 ANNUAL 0.6 -1.5 -2.1 3.4 -0.4 2.8 0.4 1.8
2008 IV -1.2 r -5.4 -4.3 r 2.5 0.9 r 3.7 -0.3 2.1
III 0.2 -1.9 -2.1 3.6 -1.6 3.4 0.7 2.3
II 1.6 0.2 -1.3 3.4 -0.8 1.8 1.0 1.5
I 1.8 r 1.3 -0.5 4.1 0.0 2.2 0.0 1.4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2005=100
2009 ANNUAL 106.1 r 99.0 93.4 r 113.1 r 103.0 r 106.6 r 110.4 r 108.1
2009 IV 108.1 r 99.8 92.3 r 114.0 r 102.6 r 105.5 r 113.3 r 108.6
III 106.9 r 98.6 92.3 r 113.8 r 103.2 r 106.5 r 111.0 r 108.3
II 105.5 r 98.5 93.4 r 113.3 r 103.6 r 107.4 r 108.5 r 107.8
I 103.9 r 99.2 95.5 r 111.5 r 102.5 r 107.4 r 108.4 r 107.8
2008 ANNUAL 103.1 r 103.7 100.6 r 111.6 r 101.1 r 108.2 r 105.8 r 107.3
2008 IV 102.4 r 100.4 98.1 r 112.4 r 102.6 r 109.7 r 105.4 r 108.0
III 103.3 r 103.9 100.6 r 111.8 r 99.7 r 108.2 r 107.6 r 108.0
II 103.6 r 105.3 101.7 r 110.9 r 100.5 r 107.1 r 106.8 r 107.0
I 103.0 r 105.2 102.2 r 111.2 r 102.1 r 108.0 103.3 r 106.2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. March 7, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Appendix table 3.
Manufacturing sector: Revised productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output Compen- compen-
Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit
and of all of all per hour per hour labor
quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2009 ANNUAL 0.1 -12.9 -13.0 4.0 r 4.4 r 4.0
2009 IV 6.3 r 6.4 0.0 r 2.3 r -0.7 r -3.8
III 12.5 7.3 -4.6 1.0 -2.6 -10.3
II 6.6 r -10.2 -15.7 r 8.1 r 6.1 r 1.4
I -2.1 r -22.1 -20.5 r -0.5 r 2.1 r 1.6
2008 ANNUAL -0.6 -4.5 -4.0 4.3 0.4 4.9
2008 IV -6.7 r -21.2 -15.5 r 9.2 r 20.0 r 17.1
III -5.5 r -13.5 -8.4 r 5.1 r -1.2 r 11.3
II -6.1 r -7.5 -1.5 r 0.8 r -4.2 r 7.3
I 0.4 r -2.1 -2.5 r 5.8 r 1.3 r 5.4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2009 ANNUAL 0.1 -12.9 -13.0 4.0 r 4.4 r 4.0
2009 IV 5.7 r -5.5 -10.6 2.7 1.2 -2.9
III 2.3 -12.3 -14.3 r 4.4 6.1 2.0
II -2.1 r -16.9 -15.1 r 5.4 r 6.5 r 7.7
I -5.1 r -16.3 -11.8 3.6 r 3.8 9.2
2008 ANNUAL -0.6 -4.5 -4.0 4.3 0.4 4.9
2008 IV -4.5 -11.4 -7.1 r 5.2 r 3.6 r 10.2
III -1.6 r -5.7 -4.2 5.0 -0.3 r 6.7
II 0.6 -2.0 -2.7 r 3.8 -0.4 r 3.2
I 3.2 1.1 -2.0 3.2 -0.9 0.0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2005=100
2009 ANNUAL 104.3 r 86.3 82.8 r 114.2 r 103.9 r 109.5 r
2009 IV 107.5 r 87.5 81.4 r 115.4 r 103.8 r 107.4 r
III 105.9 r 86.2 81.4 r 114.8 r 104.0 r 108.4 r
II 102.8 r 84.7 82.4 r 114.5 r 104.7 r 111.4 r
I 101.2 r 87.0 86.0 r 112.3 r 103.2 r 111.0
2008 ANNUAL 104.2 r 99.1 95.1 r 109.8 r 99.5 r 105.3 r
2008 IV 101.7 r 92.6 91.0 r 112.4 r 102.6 r 110.5 r
III 103.5 r 98.3 95.0 r 110.0 r 98.1 r 106.3 r
II 105.0 r 101.9 97.1 r 108.6 r 98.4 r 103.5
I 106.6 r 103.9 97.4 r 108.4 r 99.4 r 101.6 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. March 7, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Appendix table 4.
Durable manufacturing sector: Revised productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output Compen- compen-
Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit
and of all of all per hour per hour labor
quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2009 ANNUAL -5.7 -20.3 -15.4 r 5.0 r 5.4 r 11.4
2009 IV 8.2 r 8.9 0.6 r 2.7 r -0.3 r -5.1
III 19.0 r 11.3 -6.4 r 0.6 r -2.9 r -15.4
II 1.7 r -19.1 -20.4 r 11.3 r 9.3 r 9.4
I -12.5 r -33.7 -24.2 r 1.7 r 4.3 r 16.2
2008 ANNUAL -1.6 -5.8 -4.2 3.1 -0.7 4.8
2008 IV -19.1 r -31.4 -15.3 7.8 r 18.4 r 33.2
III -6.7 r -17.5 -11.6 r 6.3 r 0.0 r 13.9
II -8.9 r -10.0 -1.2 r 0.7 r -4.4 r 10.5
I -1.1 r -2.0 -0.9 r 1.4 r -2.9 r 2.5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2009 ANNUAL -5.7 -20.3 -15.4 r 5.0 r 5.4 r 11.4
2009 IV 3.5 r -10.2 -13.2 r 4.0 r 2.5 r 0.5
III -3.8 -20.0 -16.8 5.3 7.0 9.4
II -9.4 r -25.8 -18.0 r 6.7 r 7.8 r 17.8
I -11.9 -23.8 -13.5 4.1 4.2 r 18.1
2008 ANNUAL -1.6 -5.8 -4.2 3.1 -0.7 4.8
2008 IV -9.2 r -16.0 -7.5 4.0 r 2.4 14.5
III -2.2 r -7.1 -5.1 4.1 r -1.1 r 6.4
II 0.2 -2.3 -2.5 2.8 r -1.5 2.6
I 4.5 2.5 -1.9 1.8 -2.2 r -2.6
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2005=100
2009 ANNUAL 99.8 r 80.1 80.3 r 114.8 r 104.5 r 115.1 r
2009 IV 103.6 r 81.4 78.6 r 116.3 r 104.7 r 112.3 r
III 101.6 r 79.7 78.4 r 115.5 r 104.8 r 113.7 r
II 97.3 r 77.6 79.7 r 115.4 r 105.5 r 118.6 r
I 96.8 r 81.8 84.4 r 112.3 r 103.2 r 116.0 r
2008 ANNUAL 105.8 r 100.5 94.9 r 109.3 r 99.1 r 103.3 r
2008 IV 100.1 r 90.6 90.5 r 111.8 r 102.1 r 111.7 r
III 105.6 r 99.6 94.3 r 109.8 r 97.9 r 104.0 r
II 107.4 r 104.5 97.3 r 108.1 r 97.9 r 100.7
I 109.9 r 107.3 97.6 r 107.9 r 99.0 r 98.2 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. March 7, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Appendix table 5.
Nondurable manufacturing sector: Revised productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output Compen- compen-
Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit
and of all of all per hour per hour labor
quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2009 ANNUAL 2.5 -6.4 -8.7 2.7 r 3.1 0.2
2009 IV 5.4 r 4.5 -0.9 r 1.4 r -1.6 r -3.8
III 4.2 r 2.5 -1.6 r 1.9 r -1.6 r -2.2 r
II 5.2 r -2.6 -7.4 r 3.6 r 1.8 r -1.5
I 3.1 r -11.0 -13.7 r -3.7 r -1.2 r -6.6
2008 ANNUAL 0.0 -3.6 -3.6 6.5 r 2.6 6.5
2008 IV 6.5 r -10.3 -15.8 r 11.9 r 22.9 r 5.1
III -8.1 r -10.5 -2.6 r 3.5 r -2.7 r 12.6
II -3.4 -5.4 -2.1 1.1 -3.9 4.7
I 2.9 r -2.4 -5.2 r 14.6 r 9.8 r 11.4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2009 ANNUAL 2.5 -6.4 -8.7 2.7 r 3.1 0.2
2009 IV 4.5 -1.9 -6.1 0.8 -0.7 -3.5
III 4.7 -5.5 -9.8 3.3 5.0 -1.4
II 1.5 -8.7 -10.0 3.7 4.7 2.2
I -0.6 r -9.3 -8.8 r 3.1 r 3.2 r 3.7
2008 ANNUAL 0.0 -3.6 -3.6 6.5 r 2.6 6.5
2008 IV -0.7 r -7.2 -6.6 r 7.7 6.0 r 8.4
III -2.1 -4.8 -2.7 r 6.8 r 1.5 9.2
II 1.0 r -1.9 -2.9 r 5.9 r 1.5 r 4.8
I 1.8 r -0.3 -2.1 r 5.9 r 1.7 r 4.0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2005=100
2009 ANNUAL 104.5 r 91.1 87.2 r 113.7 r 103.5 r 108.7 r
2009 IV 106.4 r 92.0 86.4 r 114.5 r 103.0 r 107.6 r
III 105.0 r 91.0 86.6 r 114.1 r 103.4 r 108.6
II 104.0 r 90.4 87.0 r 113.6 r 103.9 r 109.2 r
I 102.7 r 91.0 88.7 r 112.5 r 103.4 r 109.6 r
2008 ANNUAL 102.0 r 97.4 95.5 r 110.6 r 100.3 r 108.5
2008 IV 101.9 r 93.7 92.0 r 113.6 r 103.7 r 111.5 r
III 100.3 96.3 96.0 r 110.4 98.5 r 110.1
II 102.4 r 99.0 96.7 r 109.5 r 99.2 r 106.9 r
I 103.3 r 100.4 97.2 r 109.2 r 100.2 r 105.7 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. March 7, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Appendix table 6.
Nonfinancial corporate sector: Revised productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, unit profits,
and prices, seasonally adjusted
Real Unit
Output Hourly hourly non- Total Unit Implicit
Year per all- compen- compen- Unit labor unit pro- price
and employee Employee sation sation labor costs cost fits deflator
quarter hour Output hours (1) (2) costs (6) (7) (8) (4)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2009 ANNUAL 0.5 -7.4 -7.8 2.0 2.3 1.4 5.6 2.6 -5.6 1.8
2009 IV 12.1 r 11.9 -0.2 r 1.2 r -1.8 r -9.7 -5.7 -8.6 82.2 -1.6
III 7.1 1.9 -4.8 2.7 -0.9 -4.1 -8.6 -5.4 34.2 -2.2
II 6.2 r -4.2 -9.8 r 7.2 r 5.3 r 1.0 -3.5 -0.4 -17.6 -2.1
I -9.7 r -20.4 -11.9 r -6.0 r -3.6 r 4.0 16.8 7.6 -22.3 4.2
2008 ANNUAL 0.3 -1.4 -1.7 3.6 -0.2 3.3 4.1 3.5 -8.4 2.1
2008 IV -3.5 r -11.8 -8.7 6.2 r 16.7 10.0 20.4 13.0 -44.1 4.5
III 7.7 r 2.9 -4.4 r 4.2 r -2.0 r -3.2 0.6 -2.1 77.5 4.6
II 1.4 -1.1 -2.5 2.0 -3.1 0.6 2.9 1.2 5.3 1.7
I -4.8 r -5.0 -0.2 r 2.4 r -2.0 r 7.6 0.4 5.5 -23.3 1.9
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2009 ANNUAL 0.5 -7.4 -7.8 2.0 2.3 1.4 5.6 2.6 -5.6 1.8
2009 IV 3.6 -3.4 -6.8 1.2 -0.3 -2.3 -0.7 -1.9 11.8 -0.5
III -0.2 -9.0 -8.8 2.4 4.1 2.6 5.5 3.5 -16.8 1.0
II -0.1 r -8.8 -8.7 r 2.8 3.8 2.8 8.1 4.3 -10.7 2.8
I -1.2 r -8.1 -6.9 1.5 1.6 2.7 9.8 4.8 -5.1 3.7
2008 ANNUAL 0.3 -1.4 -1.7 3.6 -0.2 3.3 4.1 3.5 -8.4 2.1
2008 IV 0.1 -3.9 -4.0 3.7 2.1 3.6 5.8 4.2 -5.4 3.2
III 2.2 r 0.4 -1.8 r 3.8 r -1.4 r 1.6 1.6 1.6 8.2 2.3
II -0.4 -1.3 -0.8 3.4 -0.9 3.9 4.3 4.0 -17.1 1.3
I -0.6 r -0.6 -0.1 3.5 -0.6 4.1 4.8 4.3 -17.4 1.5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2005=100
2009 ANNUAL 103.4 r 95.8 92.6 r 113.3 r 103.1 r 109.6 120.0 112.5 86.5 109.2
2009 IV 106.9 r 97.8 91.4 r 114.4 r 103.0 r 107.0 117.1 109.8 98.7 108.4
III 103.9 r 95.1 91.5 r 114.1 r 103.4 r 109.8 118.8 112.3 85.0 108.8
II 102.2 r 94.6 92.6 r 113.3 r 103.7 r 110.9 121.5 113.9 79.0 109.5
I 100.6 r 95.6 95.0 r 111.4 r 102.4 r 110.7 122.6 114.0 82.9 110.0
2008 ANNUAL 102.9 r 103.4 100.5 r 111.1 r 100.8 r 108.0 113.6 109.6 91.6 107.3
2008 IV 103.2 r 101.3 98.1 r 113.1 r 103.3 r 109.6 117.9 111.9 88.3 108.9
III 104.1 r 104.5 100.3 r 111.4 r 99.4 r 107.0 112.5 108.5 102.1 107.7
II 102.2 r 103.7 101.5 r 110.3 r 99.9 r 107.9 112.4 109.1 88.4 106.5
I 101.9 r 104.0 102.1 r 109.7 r 100.7 r 107.7 111.6 108.8 87.3 106.1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. March 7, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States Department of Labor
