Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-13-1628
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, August 16, 2013
Technical information: (202) 691-5606 dprweb@bls.gov www.bls.gov/lpc
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 PressOffice@bls.gov
PRODUCTIVITY AND COSTS
Second Quarter 2013, Preliminary
Nonfarm business sector labor productivity increased at a 0.9 percent
annual rate during the second quarter of 2013, the U.S. Bureau of Labor
Statistics reported today. The increase in productivity reflects increases
of 2.6 percent in output and 1.7 percent in hours worked. (All quarterly
percent changes in this release are seasonally adjusted annual rates.)
From the second quarter of 2012 to the second quarter of 2013,
productivity was unchanged as output and hours worked both increased 1.8
percent. (See table A.)
Labor productivity, or output per hour, is calculated by dividing an index
of real output by an index of hours worked of all persons, including
employees, proprietors, and unpaid family workers.
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Historical Revisions to Productivity and Costs Data
Data in this release reflect the comprehensive revision to the National
Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) released by the Bureau of Economic
Analysis of the U.S. Department of Commerce on July 31, 2013. All index
series have been rebased from 2005=100 to 2009=100. See "Revised measures"
section.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unit labor costs in nonfarm businesses increased 1.4 percent in the second
quarter of 2013, the combined effect of a 2.3 percent increase in hourly
compensation and the 0.9 percent increase in productivity. Over the last
four quarters hourly compensation and unit labor costs both increased 1.6
percent. (See table A.)
BLS defines unit labor costs as the ratio of hourly compensation to labor
productivity; increases in hourly compensation tend to increase unit labor
costs and increases in output per hour tend to reduce them.
Manufacturing sector productivity rose 2.7 percent in the second quarter
of 2013, as output grew 0.1 percent and hours worked fell 2.6 percent.
Over the last four quarters, manufacturing productivity increased 2.2
percent, as output increased 2.1 percent and hours decreased 0.1 percent.
Unit labor costs in manufacturing increased 1.4 percent in the second
quarter of 2013 and decreased 0.4 percent from the same quarter a year
ago. (See tables A and 3.)
The concepts, sources, and methods used for the manufacturing output
series differ from those used in the business and nonfarm business output
series; these output measures are not directly comparable. See Technical
Notes for a more detailed explanation.
Revised measures
Productivity, unit labor costs, and hourly compensation were subject to
revisions for the full period of these series, which begin in 1947 for the
business and nonfarm business sectors and in 1987 for the manufacturing
sectors. Measures of output for the business and nonfarm business sectors
and measures of compensation for all sectors incorporate the revised
National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) data released on July 31 by
the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce. Output data
for manufacturing incorporates revised output indexes constructed by BLS
using data from the U.S. Department of Commerce. Hours were revised for
the business and nonfarm business sectors for 1990 forward to include
revised NIPA data on government enterprises and for 2001 forward to
include revised NIPA data on the proportion of sector compensation paid to
employees of nonprofit institutions.
Table B presents revised and previous productivity and related measures
for the nonfarm business, business, and manufacturing sectors for the
first quarter of 2013 and table C presents annual data for nonfarm
business and total manufacturing from 2010 to 2012. All index measures
show historical revisions because the base year was updated to 2009. A new
base generally has little or no effect on percent changes. Revised
quarterly and annual series for recent years appear in tables 1-5 and
annual indexes for all years appear in appendix tables 1-5. Full
historical annual and quarterly measures can be found on the productivity
and costs home page http://www.bls.gov/lpc/#data.
In the first quarter of 2013, nonfarm business productivity declined 1.7
percent--rather than increasing 0.5 percent as reported June 5--as a
downward revision to output was larger than a downward revision to hours.
Unit labor costs fell 4.2 percent in the first quarter--about the same as
previously reported--as the downward revision to productivity was offset
by a downward revision to hourly compensation. In the manufacturing
sector, productivity growth in the first quarter was 3.9 percent, as
output growth was revised up and hours were revised down. Unit labor
costs declined 3.2 percent, rather than decreasing 10.0 percent,
reflecting a large upward revision to hourly compensation.
Annual Average productivity growth for 2012 in the nonfarm business
sector was revised to 1.5 percent from 0.7 percent due to an upward
revision to output. (See table C). Unit labor costs increased 1.2
percent, the same as reported June 5. Revisions to annual average
changes in 2011 and 2010 were small. Upward revisions to productivity--
resulting from the NIPA benchmark revision to output--raised the annual
average rate of growth in nonfarm business productivity during the 2000
to 2012 period from 2.2 percent to 2.4 percent. Growth in unit labor
costs was revised down from 1.1 percent per year to 0.8 percent per year
over the same period. The long-term productivity growth rate over the 66
years of the series is 2.3 percent, rather than the previously-published
rate of 2.2 percent.
In the manufacturing sector, small downward revisions to annual average
productivity growth in 2010, 2011, and 2012 were due to downward revisions
to output. For the period 2000-2012, manufacturing productivity grew 2.9
percent per year on average, lower than the previous estimate of 3.0
percent. Unit labor costs had smaller increases in 2011 and 2012--and a
smaller decline in 2010--than previously reported. For the period 2000-
2012, unit labor costs growth was 0.2 percent per year, lower than the
previous estimate of 0.5 percent per year.
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Nonfinancial Corporate Sector Data Not Available
Data for the nonfinancial corporate sector are not available due to
corrections to source data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis received
August 15, as noted at
http://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/national/gdp/2013/gdp2q13_adv.htm. These
corrections could not be included in time for this news release. Measures
for all other sectors are correct. BLS nonfinancial corporate sector data
will be published with the next regularly scheduled Productivity and Costs
news release on September 5, 2013, at 8:30 a.m.
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___________
The revised Productivity and Costs press release for second-quarter 2013
is scheduled to be released on Thursday, September 5, 2013 at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).
======================================================================================================
Table A. Preliminary second-quarter 2013 measures: percent change from previous quarter at annual
rate (Q to Q) and from same quarter a year ago (Y to Y)
Sector Nonfarm Durable Nondurable
Business Business Manufacturing Manufacturing Manufacturing
Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Productivity 0.9 0.0 0.7 0.3 2.7 2.2 4.5 2.9 0.7 1.3
Output 2.6 1.8 2.3 1.9 0.1 2.1 1.5 2.9 -1.5 1.1
Hours 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.5 -2.6 -0.1 -2.9 0.0 -2.1 -0.1
Hourly
compensation 2.3 1.6 2.4 1.9 4.2 1.7 4.6 1.8 3.5 1.7
Real hourly
compensation 2.3 0.1 2.4 0.4 4.2 0.3 4.6 0.3 3.5 0.2
Unit labor
costs 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.4 -0.4 0.1 -1.1 2.8 0.4
======================================================================================================
Table B. Revised and previous measures: first quarter 2013
Sector Nonfarm Durable Nondurable
Business Business Manufacturing Manufacturing Manufacturing
Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change, annual rate, first quarter 2013
Productivity -1.7 0.5 0.4 2.0 3.9 3.5 3.8 3.5 4.7 3.9
Output -0.3 2.1 1.4 3.1 5.6 5.3 6.5 6.4 4.5 4.2
Hours 1.5 1.6 1.0 1.1 1.6 1.8 2.6 2.8 -0.2 0.2
Hourly
compensation -5.9 -3.8 -5.3 -3.1 0.6 -6.9 0.9 -8.1 -0.4 -4.9
Real hourly
compensation -7.3 -5.2 -6.7 -4.6 -0.9 -8.3 -0.6 -9.4 -1.8 -6.4
Unit labor
costs -4.2 -4.3 -5.6 -5.0 -3.2 -10.0 -2.8 -11.2 -4.8 -8.5
===================================================================================================================
Table C. Revised and previous annual average measures, 2010-2012
Sector Nonfarm Business | Manufacturing
|
2012 2011 2010 | 2012 2011 2010
Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous| Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous
---------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------
Percent change | Percent change
|
Productivity 1.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 3.3 3.1 | 1.8 1.9 1.0 1.4 6.3 6.5
Output 3.7 2.9 2.5 2.6 3.2 3.1 | 4.1 4.2 3.1 3.5 6.3 6.4
Hours 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.0 -0.1 -0.1 | 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.1 -0.1 -0.1
Hourly |
compensation 2.6 1.9 2.5 2.6 2.1 2.1 | 1.9 3.2 1.3 2.8 2.4 1.2
Real hourly |
compensation 0.5 -0.2 -0.7 -0.6 0.4 0.4 | -0.2 1.1 -1.8 -0.4 0.7 -0.5
Unit labor |
costs 1.2 1.2 2.0 2.0 -1.2 -1.0 | 0.1 1.3 0.4 1.4 -3.7 -5.0
===================================================================================================================
TECHNICAL NOTES
Labor Hours: Hours data for the labor productivity and cost measures
include hours for all persons working in the sector--wage and salary
workers, the self-employed and unpaid family workers. The primary
source of hours and employment data is the BLS Current Employment
Statistics (CES) program, which provides monthly survey data on the
number of jobs held by wage and salary workers in nonfarm
establishments. The CES also provides average weekly paid hours of
production and nonsupervisory workers in these establishments. Weekly
paid hours are adjusted to hours at work using data from the National
Compensation Survey (NCS). The BLS Hours at Work survey, conducted for
this purpose, was used for earlier years. The Office of Productivity
and Technology estimates average weekly hours at work for
nonproduction and supervisory workers using information from the
Current Population Survey (CPS), the CES, and the NCS.
Data from the CPS are used for farm labor, nonfarm proprietors,
and nonfarm unpaid family workers. Estimates of labor input for
government enterprises are derived from the CPS, the CES, and the
National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) prepared by the Bureau of
Economic Analysis (BEA) of the Department of Commerce.
The CES measures jobs, counting a person who is employed by two or
more establishments at each place of employment. In contrast, the CPS
features measures of employment that count each person only once and
classify each person according to his or her primary job; hours worked
at all jobs by that person accrue to his or her primary job. However,
the CPS also collects more detailed information on employment and
hours worked at primary jobs and all other jobs, separately. The BLS
productivity measures use the more detailed information on employment
and hours to assign all hours worked to the correct industrial sector
and avoid duplicating hours data from the CES.
Output: Business sector output is a chain-type, current-weighted index
constructed after excluding from gross domestic product (GDP) the
following outputs: general government, nonprofit institutions, and
private households (including owner-occupied housing). Corresponding
exclusions also are made in labor inputs. Business output accounted
for about 75 percent of the value of GDP in 2012. Nonfarm business,
which excludes farming, accounted for about 74 percent of GDP in 2012.
Annual indexes for manufacturing and its durable and nondurable
goods components are constructed by deflating current-dollar industry
value of production data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census with
deflators from the BLS. These deflators are based on data from the BLS
producer price program and other sources. The industry shipments are
aggregated using annual weights, and intrasector transactions are
removed. Quarterly manufacturing output measures are based on the
index of industrial production prepared monthly by the Board of
Governors of the Federal Reserve System, adjusted to be consistent
with annual indexes of manufacturing sector output prepared by BLS.
Durables include the following 3-digit NAICS industries: wood product
manufacturing; nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing; primary
metal manufacturing; fabricated metal product manufacturing; machinery
manufacturing; computer and electronic product manufacturing;
electrical equipment and appliance manufacturing; transportation
equipment manufacturing; furniture and related product manufacturing;
and miscellaneous manufacturing. Nondurables include: food
manufacturing; beverage and tobacco product manufacturing; textile
mills; textile product mills; apparel manufacturing; leather and
allied product manufacturing; paper manufacturing; printing and
related support activities; petroleum and coal products manufacturing;
chemical manufacturing; and plastics and rubber products
manufacturing.
Nonfinancial corporate output is a chain-type, current-weighted
index calculated on the basis of the costs incurred and the incomes
earned from production. The output measure excludes the following
outputs from GDP: general government; nonprofit institutions; private
households; unincorporated business; and those corporations classified
as offices of bank holding companies, offices of other holding
companies, or offices in the finance and insurance sector.
Nonfinancial corporations accounted for about 49 percent of the value
of GDP in 2012.
Productivity: These productivity measures describe the relationship
between real output and the labor time involved in its production.
They show the changes from period to period in the amount of goods and
services produced per hour. Although these measures relate output to
hours at work of all persons engaged in a sector, they do not measure
the specific contribution of labor, capital, or any other factor of
production. Rather, they reflect the joint effects of many influences,
including changes in technology; capital investment; level of output;
utilization of capacity, energy, and materials; the organization of
production; managerial skill; and the characteristics and effort of
the work force.
Labor Compensation: The measure includes accrued wages and salaries,
supplements, employer contributions to employee benefit plans, and
taxes. Estimates of labor compensation by major sector, required for
measures of hourly compensation and unit labor costs, are based
primarily on employee compensation data from the NIPA, prepared by the
BEA. The compensation of employees in general government, nonprofit
institutions and private households are subtracted from compensation
of domestic employees to derive employee compensation for the business
sector. The labor compensation of proprietors cannot be explicitly
identified and must be estimated. This is done by assuming that
proprietors have the same hourly compensation as employees in the same
sector. The quarterly labor productivity and cost measures do not
contain estimates of compensation for unpaid family workers.
Unit Labor Costs: The measures of unit labor costs in this release
describe the relationship between compensation per hour and
productivity, or real output per hour, and can be used as an indicator
of inflationary pressure on producers. Increases in hourly
compensation increase unit labor costs; labor productivity increases
offset compensation increases and lower unit labor costs.
Presentation of the data: The quarterly data in this release are
presented in three ways: as percent changes from the previous quarter
presented at a compound annual rate, as percent changes from the
corresponding quarter of the previous year, and as index number series
where 2009=100. Annual data are presented both as index number series
and percent changes from the previous year.
The index numbers and rates of change reported in the
productivity and costs news release are rounded to one decimal place.
All percent changes in this release and on the BLS web site are
calculated using index numbers to three decimal places. These index
numbers are available at the BLS web site, www.bls.gov/data/home.htm,
or by contacting the BLS Division of Major Sector Productivity.
(Telephone 202-691-5606 or email DPRWEB@BLS.GOV)
Information in this release will be made available to sensory-impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5606; Federal Relay
Service number: 1-800-877-8339.
Table 1. Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit
Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price
and of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator
quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2013 II 0.7 2.3 1.6 2.4 2.4 1.7 -0.9 0.5
I 0.4 r 1.4 r 1.0 r -5.3 r -6.7 r -5.6 r 12.4 r 1.8 r
2012 ANNUAL 1.4 r 3.6 r 2.2 2.6 r 0.5 r 1.2 2.6 r 1.8 r
2012 IV -1.9 r 0.2 r 2.1 10.2 7.8 12.2 r -11.5 r 1.2 r
III 2.1 r 3.6 r 1.4 0.8 r -1.2 r -1.3 r 7.4 r 2.5 r
II 1.3 r 1.6 r 0.3 1.9 r 0.9 r 0.6 r 3.9 r 2.0 r
I 1.3 r 4.9 r 3.5 8.8 r 6.3 r 7.4 r -5.4 r 1.6 r
2011 ANNUAL 0.4 r 2.4 2.0 2.4 r -0.7 r 2.0 r 2.3 2.1 r
2011 IV 3.3 r 6.4 r 2.9 r -4.5 r -5.9 r -7.6 r 12.4 r 0.7 r
III -0.1 r 1.8 r 1.9 2.6 r -0.3 r 2.8 r 3.0 r 2.9 r
II 1.6 r 4.1 r 2.4 -0.7 r -5.1 r -2.3 r 9.8 r 2.7 r
I -3.3 r -1.9 r 1.4 6.3 r 1.8 r 10.0 r -8.4 r 1.7 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2013 II 0.3 1.9 1.5 1.9 0.4 1.6 1.4 1.5
I 0.5 r 1.7 r 1.2 1.8 r 0.1 r 1.3 r 2.7 r 1.9 r
2012 ANNUAL 1.4 r 3.6 r 2.2 2.6 r 0.5 r 1.2 2.6 r 1.8 r
2012 IV 0.7 r 2.6 r 1.8 5.3 r 3.4 r 4.6 r -1.7 r 1.8 r
III 2.0 r 4.1 r 2.0 1.6 r -0.1 r -0.4 r 4.4 r 1.7 r
II 1.4 r 3.6 r 2.2 2.1 r 0.2 r 0.6 r 3.3 r 1.8 r
I 1.5 r 4.3 r 2.7 1.4 r -1.4 r -0.1 r 4.7 r 2.0
2011 ANNUAL 0.4 r 2.4 2.0 2.4 r -0.7 r 2.0 r 2.3 2.1 r
2011 IV 0.3 r 2.5 r 2.2 0.8 r -2.4 r 0.5 r 3.9 r 2.0 r
III -0.1 1.9 1.9 2.5 r -1.2 r 2.5 r 2.3 r 2.4 r
II 0.6 r 2.5 r 1.9 2.5 r -0.9 r 1.8 r 2.6 2.2 r
I 0.6 r 2.7 r 2.1 3.8 r 1.7 r 3.2 r 0.1 r 1.9
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2009=100
2013 II 105.4 111.1 105.4 108.5 100.3 103.0 111.3 106.5
I 105.2 r 110.5 r 105.0 r 107.9 r 99.7 r 102.6 r 111.5 r 106.3 r
2012 ANNUAL 105.1 r 109.4 r 104.1 r 107.2 r 100.1 r 102.0 r 109.6 r 105.2 r
2012 IV 105.1 r 110.1 r 104.7 r 109.4 r 101.4 r 104.1 r 108.3 r 105.8 r
III 105.6 r 110.0 r 104.2 r 106.7 r 99.5 r 101.1 r 111.7 r 105.5 r
II 105.0 r 109.1 r 103.8 r 106.5 r 99.9 r 101.4 r 109.7 r 104.9 r
I 104.7 r 108.6 r 103.7 r 106.0 r 99.6 r 101.3 r 108.6 r 104.4 r
2011 ANNUAL 103.6 r 105.6 r 101.9 r 104.4 r 99.6 r 100.8 r 106.8 r 103.3 r
2011 IV 104.4 r 107.3 r 102.9 r 103.8 r 98.1 r 99.5 r 110.2 r 104.0 r
III 103.5 r 105.7 r 102.1 r 105.0 r 99.6 r 101.5 r 107.0 r 103.8 r
II 103.5 r 105.2 r 101.6 r 104.4 r 99.7 r 100.8 r 106.2 r 103.0 r
I 103.1 r 104.2 r 101.0 r 104.5 r 101.0 r 101.4 r 103.7 r 102.4 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 2. Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit
Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price
and of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator
quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2013 II 0.9 2.6 1.7 2.3 2.3 1.4 0.4 1.0
I -1.7 r -0.3 r 1.5 r -5.9 r -7.3 r -4.2 r 7.8 r 0.7 r
2012 ANNUAL 1.5 r 3.7 r 2.2 2.6 r 0.5 r 1.2 2.7 r 1.8 r
2012 IV -1.7 0.7 2.4 9.9 7.5 11.8 -12.0 r 0.8 r
III 2.5 r 4.1 r 1.6 0.7 r -1.3 r -1.8 r 7.7 r 2.2 r
II 1.2 r 1.6 r 0.4 1.9 r 0.9 r 0.7 r 4.0 r 2.1 r
I 1.5 r 5.0 r 3.4 9.0 r 6.5 r 7.4 r -5.5 r 1.6 r
2011 ANNUAL 0.5 r 2.5 r 2.0 2.5 r -0.7 r 2.0 1.4 r 1.7 r
2011 IV 2.9 r 5.9 r 2.9 -4.6 r -5.9 r -7.3 r 13.3 r 1.1 r
III 0.0 r 1.7 r 1.7 3.0 r 0.0 r 3.0 r 2.3 r 2.7 r
II 1.9 r 4.7 r 2.8 -1.1 r -5.4 r -2.9 r 10.1 r 2.4 r
I -3.2 r -2.1 r 1.2 r 6.6 r 2.1 r 10.2 r -10.3 r 0.9 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2013 II 0.0 1.8 1.8 1.6 0.1 1.6 0.6 1.2
I 0.0 r 1.5 r 1.5 1.5 r -0.2 r 1.4 r 1.5 1.5 r
2012 ANNUAL 1.5 r 3.7 r 2.2 2.6 r 0.5 r 1.2 2.7 r 1.8 r
2012 IV 0.9 r 2.8 r 1.9 5.3 r 3.3 r 4.4 r -1.8 r 1.7 r
III 2.0 r 4.1 r 2.1 1.6 r 0.0 -0.4 r 4.6 r 1.8 r
II 1.4 r 3.5 r 2.1 2.2 r 0.3 r 0.8 r 3.3 r 1.9 r
I 1.6 r 4.3 r 2.7 1.5 r -1.3 r -0.1 r 4.8 1.9 r
2011 ANNUAL 0.5 r 2.5 r 2.0 2.5 r -0.7 r 2.0 1.4 r 1.7 r
2011 IV 0.4 2.5 2.1 0.9 r -2.4 r 0.5 r 3.4 r 1.8 r
III 0.2 2.1 r 1.9 2.6 r -1.1 r 2.4 r 1.4 r 2.0 r
II 0.7 r 2.7 r 1.9 r 2.4 r -0.9 r 1.7 r 1.7 r 1.7 r
I 0.6 r 2.7 r 2.1 4.0 r 1.8 r 3.3 r -0.9 r 1.5 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2009=100
2013 II 105.1 111.1 105.7 108.4 100.2 103.2 109.1 105.6
I 104.9 r 110.4 r 105.2 r 107.8 r 99.6 r 102.8 r 109.0 r 105.4 r
2012 ANNUAL 105.3 r 109.7 r 104.1 r 107.4 r 100.3 r 102.0 r 108.3 r 104.6 r
2012 IV 105.4 r 110.5 r 104.8 r 109.5 r 101.5 r 103.9 r 107.0 r 105.2 r
III 105.8 r 110.3 r 104.2 r 106.9 r 99.7 r 101.1 r 110.4 r 105.0 r
II 105.2 r 109.2 r 103.8 r 106.8 r 100.1 r 101.5 r 108.4 r 104.4 r
I 104.8 r 108.7 r 103.7 r 106.3 r 99.8 r 101.3 r 107.4 r 103.8 r
2011 ANNUAL 103.8 r 105.7 r 101.9 r 104.6 r 99.7 r 100.8 r 105.5 r 102.7 r
2011 IV 104.4 r 107.4 r 102.8 r 104.0 r 98.3 r 99.6 r 108.9 r 103.4 r
III 103.7 r 105.9 r 102.1 r 105.2 r 99.8 r 101.5 r 105.5 r 103.2 r
II 103.7 r 105.4 r 101.7 r 104.4 r 99.8 r 100.7 r 105.0 r 102.5 r
I 103.2 r 104.2 r 101.0 r 104.7 r 101.2 r 101.5 r 102.5 r 101.9 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 3. Manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output Compen- compen-
Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit
and of all of all per hour per hour labor
quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2013 II 2.7 0.1 -2.6 4.2 4.2 1.4
I 3.9 r 5.6 r 1.6 r 0.6 r -0.9 r -3.2 r
2012 ANNUAL 1.8 r 4.1 r 2.3 1.9 r -0.2 r 0.1 r
2012 IV 2.3 r 2.7 0.4 4.1 r 1.9 r 1.8 r
III -0.3 0.1 0.4 -1.8 r -3.8 r -1.5 r
II 1.0 2.1 1.1 0.8 r -0.1 r -0.2 r
I 4.3 8.4 3.9 10.4 r 7.9 r 5.9 r
2011 ANNUAL 1.0 r 3.1 r 2.1 1.3 r -1.8 r 0.4 r
2011 IV 0.2 r 5.2 r 4.9 -4.8 r -6.1 r -5.0 r
III 5.0 r 4.7 r -0.3 2.2 r -0.7 r -2.7 r
II -3.5 r -0.7 r 2.9 -2.3 r -6.6 r 1.3 r
I 0.7 r 3.0 r 2.4 1.2 r -3.0 r 0.6 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2013 II 2.2 2.1 -0.1 1.7 0.3 -0.4
I 1.7 r 2.6 r 0.9 0.9 r -0.8 r -0.8 r
2012 ANNUAL 1.8 r 4.1 r 2.3 1.9 r -0.2 r 0.1 r
2012 IV 1.8 3.3 1.4 3.3 r 1.4 r 1.5 r
III 1.3 3.9 2.6 1.0 r -0.7 r -0.3 r
II 2.6 r 5.1 r 2.4 2.0 r 0.1 r -0.6 r
I 1.4 r 4.3 r 2.8 1.2 r -1.6 r -0.2 r
2011 ANNUAL 1.0 r 3.1 r 2.1 1.3 r -1.8 r 0.4 r
2011 IV 0.6 r 3.0 r 2.5 -0.9 r -4.1 r -1.5 r
III 0.8 r 2.1 r 1.2 1.4 r -2.3 r 0.6 r
II -0.2 r 2.1 r 2.3 1.3 r -2.0 r 1.4 r
I 2.6 r 5.1 r 2.4 3.6 r 1.5 r 1.0 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2009=100
2013 II 111.6 116.4 104.3 107.6 99.4 96.4
I 110.8 r 116.4 r 105.0 r 106.5 r 98.4 r 96.1 r
2012 ANNUAL 109.2 r 114.1 r 104.4 r 105.7 r 98.7 r 96.8 r
2012 IV 109.7 r 114.8 r 104.6 r 106.3 r 98.6 r 96.9 r
III 109.1 r 114.0 r 104.5 r 105.3 r 98.2 r 96.5 r
II 109.2 r 114.0 r 104.4 r 105.7 r 99.1 r 96.8 r
I 108.9 r 113.4 r 104.1 r 105.5 r 99.1 r 96.9 r
2011 ANNUAL 107.3 r 109.5 r 102.1 r 103.8 r 98.9 r 96.7 r
2011 IV 107.8 r 111.2 r 103.1 r 102.9 r 97.3 r 95.5 r
III 107.7 r 109.8 r 101.9 r 104.2 r 98.8 r 96.7 r
II 106.4 r 108.5 r 102.0 r 103.6 r 99.0 r 97.4 r
I 107.4 r 108.7 r 101.2 r 104.2 r 100.7 r 97.1 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 4. Durable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output Compen- compen-
Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit
and of all of all per hour per hour labor
quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2013 II 4.5 1.5 -2.9 4.6 4.6 0.1
I 3.8 r 6.5 r 2.6 r 0.9 r -0.6 r -2.8 r
2012 ANNUAL 4.0 r 7.0 r 2.9 1.5 r -0.5 r -2.3 r
2012 IV 3.2 r 3.8 0.5 4.1 r 1.9 r 0.9 r
III 0.3 0.0 -0.3 -2.4 r -4.4 r -2.7 r
II 3.7 5.0 1.3 -0.6 r -1.5 r -4.1 r
I 8.5 13.0 4.2 11.6 r 9.1 r 2.9 r
2011 ANNUAL 2.4 r 6.3 r 3.8 0.9 r -2.2 r -1.5 r
2011 IV 1.6 r 9.5 r 7.8 -6.3 r -7.6 r -7.8 r
III 8.1 r 7.5 r -0.6 3.5 r 0.5 r -4.3 r
II -4.9 r -0.2 r 5.0 -4.2 r -8.4 r 0.8 r
I 2.0 r 6.9 r 4.9 0.7 r -3.6 r -1.3 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2013 II 2.9 2.9 0.0 1.8 0.3 -1.1
I 2.8 r 3.8 1.0 0.5 r -1.2 r -2.2 r
2012 ANNUAL 4.0 r 7.0 r 2.9 1.5 r -0.5 r -2.3 r
2012 IV 3.9 5.3 r 1.4 3.0 r 1.1 r -0.8 r
III 3.5 6.8 3.2 0.4 r -1.3 r -3.0 r
II 5.4 r 8.7 r 3.1 1.8 r -0.1 r -3.4 r
I 3.2 r 7.3 r 4.1 0.9 r -1.9 r -2.2 r
2011 ANNUAL 2.4 r 6.3 r 3.8 0.9 r -2.2 r -1.5 r
2011 IV 1.6 r 5.9 r 4.2 -1.7 r -4.8 r -3.2 r
III 1.8 r 4.5 r 2.6 1.2 r -2.5 r -0.6 r
II 0.5 r 5.1 r 4.5 0.1 r -3.2 r -0.5 r
I 5.7 r 9.9 r 3.9 4.1 r 1.9 r -1.6 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2009=100
2013 II 120.8 128.9 106.7 106.8 98.7 88.5
I 119.5 r 128.4 r 107.5 r 105.7 r 97.6 r 88.5 r
2012 ANNUAL 117.3 r 125.1 r 106.7 r 105.0 r 98.1 r 89.5 r
2012 IV 118.3 r 126.4 r 106.8 r 105.4 r 97.8 r 89.1 r
III 117.4 r 125.2 r 106.7 r 104.3 r 97.3 r 88.9 r
II 117.3 r 125.2 r 106.7 r 105.0 r 98.4 r 89.5 r
I 116.3 r 123.7 r 106.4 r 105.1 r 98.8 r 90.4 r
2011 ANNUAL 112.8 r 116.9 r 103.6 r 103.4 r 98.6 r 91.6 r
2011 IV 113.9 r 120.0 r 105.3 r 102.3 r 96.7 r 89.8 r
III 113.5 r 117.3 r 103.4 r 104.0 r 98.6 r 91.6 r
II 111.3 r 115.2 r 103.5 r 103.1 r 98.5 r 92.6 r
I 112.7 r 115.2 r 102.3 r 104.2 r 100.7 r 92.5 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 5. Nondurable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Output Compen- compen-
Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit
and of all of all per hour per hour labor
quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2013 II 0.7 -1.5 -2.1 3.5 3.5 2.8
I 4.7 r 4.5 r -0.2 r -0.4 r -1.8 r -4.8 r
2012 ANNUAL -0.1 1.1 1.3 2.4 r 0.3 r 2.5 r
2012 IV 1.4 1.5 0.2 4.1 r 1.8 r 2.7 r
III -1.4 0.2 1.6 -0.4 r -2.4 r 1.0 r
II -1.9 -1.1 0.8 3.6 r 2.6 r 5.5 r
I 0.0 3.4 3.4 8.1 r 5.6 r 8.1 r
2011 ANNUAL 1.2 r 0.5 -0.6 1.7 r -1.4 r 0.6 r
2011 IV 0.5 0.8 0.3 -2.4 r -3.8 -2.9 r
III 2.0 2.2 0.2 -0.1 r -2.9 r -2.1 r
II -0.4 -0.8 -0.4 0.9 r -3.6 r 1.3 r
I 1.4 r -0.2 r -1.6 1.8 r -2.5 r 0.4 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2013 II 1.3 1.1 -0.1 1.7 0.2 0.4
I 0.7 r 1.3 r 0.6 r 1.7 r 0.0 r 1.0 r
2012 ANNUAL -0.1 1.1 1.3 2.4 r 0.3 r 2.5 r
2012 IV -0.5 1.0 1.5 3.8 r 1.8 r 4.3 r
III -0.7 0.8 1.5 2.1 r 0.4 r 2.8 r
II 0.2 1.3 1.2 2.2 r 0.3 r 2.0 r
I 0.6 r 1.4 0.9 1.5 r -1.2 r 1.0 r
2011 ANNUAL 1.2 r 0.5 -0.6 1.7 r -1.4 r 0.6 r
2011 IV 0.9 r 0.5 -0.4 0.0 r -3.2 r -0.8 r
III 1.3 r 0.2 -1.0 1.5 r -2.2 r 0.3 r
II 1.1 -0.1 r -1.2 3.0 r -0.4 r 1.8 r
I 1.4 r 1.4 0.1 2.5 r 0.3 r 1.1 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2009=100
2013 II 105.5 106.0 100.5 108.4 100.2 102.8
I 105.3 r 106.4 r 101.0 r 107.5 r 99.3 r 102.1 r
2012 ANNUAL 104.2 r 105.0 r 100.8 r 106.6 r 99.6 r 102.3 r
2012 IV 104.1 r 105.2 r 101.1 r 107.6 r 99.8 r 103.3 r
III 103.8 r 104.8 r 101.0 r 106.5 r 99.3 r 102.6 r
II 104.1 r 104.8 r 100.6 r 106.6 r 99.9 r 102.4 r
I 104.6 r 105.1 r 100.4 r 105.7 r 99.3 r 101.0 r
2011 ANNUAL 104.3 r 103.8 r 99.6 r 104.1 r 99.3 r 99.8 r
2011 IV 104.6 r 104.2 r 99.6 r 103.7 r 98.0 r 99.1 r
III 104.5 r 104.0 r 99.5 r 104.3 r 98.9 r 99.8 r
II 103.9 r 103.4 r 99.5 r 104.3 r 99.6 r 100.4 r
I 104.0 r 103.6 r 99.6 r 104.1 r 100.6 r 100.0 r
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
SOURCES: Output data are from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the
Census Bureau of the U.S. Department of Commerce; the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor; and the Federal Reserve Board.
Hours and compensation data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and
the Bureau of Economic Analysis.
RELIABILITY: Productivity and cost measures are regularly revised as more
complete information becomes available. The measures are first published
within 40 days of the close of the reference period; revisions appear 30
days later, and second revisions after an additional 60 days. In the
business sector, the third publication (second revision) of a quarterly
index of output per hour of all persons has differed from the initial
value by between -1.7 and 1.5 index points approximately 95 percent of
the time. This interval is based on the performance of this measure
between the fourth quarter of 1995 and the first quarter of 2013.
Table Footnotes
(1) Wages and salaries of employees plus employers' contributions for
social insurance and private benefit plans. Except for nonfinancial
corporations, where there are no self-employed, data also include an
estimate of wages, salaries, and supplemental payments for the self-
employed.
(2) The change for recent quarters is based on the Consumer Price Index
for all urban consumers (CPI-U). The trend from 1978-2012 is based on the
Consumer Price Index research series (CPI-U-RS).
(3) Unit nonlabor payments include profits, consumption of fixed
capital, taxes on production and imports less subsidies, net interest and
miscellaneous payments, business current transfer payments, rental income
of persons, and the current surplus of government enterprises.
(4) Current dollar output divided by the output index.
(5) Quarterly changes: Percent change compounded at annual rate is
calculated using index numbers to three decimal places. Indexes
published in the news release are rounded to one decimal place for
convenience. Annual changes: Percent change is calculated using annual
indexes to three decimal places.
Appendix table 1.
Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices.
Real
Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit
per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price
of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator
Year persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2009=100
2012 105.1 r 109.4 r 104.1 r 107.2 r 100.1 r 102.0 r 109.6 r 105.2 r
2011 103.6 r 105.6 r 101.9 r 104.4 r 99.6 r 100.8 r 106.8 r 103.3 r
2010 103.3 r 103.1 r 99.9 r 102.0 r 100.3 r 98.8 r 104.4 r 101.1 r
2009 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r
2008 96.8 r 104.3 r 107.7 r 99.0 r 98.6 r 102.2 r 96.3 r 99.7 r
2007 95.8 r 105.3 r 109.9 r 96.4 r 99.7 r 100.6 r 95.5 r 98.5 r
2006 94.6 r 103.3 r 109.2 r 92.3 r 98.2 r 97.5 r 94.0 r 96.1 r
2005 93.9 r 100.4 r 106.9 r 88.8 r 97.6 r 94.6 r 91.5 r 93.3 r
2004 92.0 r 96.7 r 105.2 r 85.7 r 97.3 r 93.2 r 86.7 r 90.5 r
2003 89.1 r 92.5 r 103.9 r 81.9 r 95.5 r 91.9 r 83.6 r 88.4 r
2002 85.0 r 88.9 r 104.5 r 78.9 r 94.1 r 92.8 r 81.4 r 88.0 r
2001 81.5 r 87.3 r 107.1 r 77.2 r 93.5 r 94.7 r 77.3 r 87.4 r
2000 79.4 r 86.8 r 109.4 r 73.8 r 91.9 r 93.0 r 75.9 r 85.9 r
1999 76.7 r 83.1 r 108.2 r 68.8 r 88.5 r 89.6 r 76.9 r 84.3 r
1998 74.0 r 78.5 r 106.1 r 65.9 r 86.6 r 89.0 r 76.5 r 83.8 r
1997 71.8 r 74.7 r 104.0 r 62.2 r 82.9 r 86.6 r 78.8 r 83.3 r
1996 70.5 r 70.9 r 100.7 r 60.0 r 81.7 r 85.2 r 78.0 r 82.2 r
1995 68.4 r 67.8 r 99.1 r 57.6 r 80.5 r 84.2 r 76.3 r 80.9 r
1994 68.2 r 65.7 r 96.4 r 56.5 r 80.9 r 82.9 r 74.8 r 79.5 r
1993 67.6 r 62.7 r 92.7 r 56.0 r 81.8 r 82.8 r 71.6 r 78.1 r
1992 67.5 r 60.9 r 90.2 r 55.1 r 82.6 r 81.6 r 69.0 r 76.3 r
1991 64.6 r 58.5 r 90.4 r 52.1 r 79.9 r 80.5 r 67.7 r 75.1 r
1990 63.5 r 58.8 r 92.6 r 49.6 r 79.0 r 78.2 r 65.9 r 73.1 r
1989 62.1 r 57.9 r 93.1 r 46.6 r 77.9 r 75.0 r 64.7 r 70.7 r
1988 61.4 r 55.7 r 90.8 r 45.2 r 78.8 r 73.7 r 60.7 r 68.2 r
1987 60.5 r 53.4 r 88.3 r 43.0 r 77.6 r 71.0 r 59.4 r 66.1 r
1986 60.2 r 51.6 r 85.8 r 41.4 r 77.3 r 68.8 r 59.4 r 64.9 r
1985 58.5 r 49.8 r 85.1 r 39.2 r 74.5 r 67.0 r 59.8 r 64.0 r
1984 57.2 r 47.6 r 83.2 r 37.3 r 73.3 r 65.2 r 58.2 r 62.2 r
1983 55.7 r 43.7 r 78.6 r 35.7 r 73.1 r 64.1 r 55.4 r 60.5 r
1982 53.7 r 41.5 r 77.2 r 34.2 r 72.9 r 63.6 r 51.3 r 58.5 r
1981 54.1 r 42.7 r 79.0 r 31.8 r 72.0 r 58.8 r 50.3 r 55.3 r
1980 52.9 r 41.5 r 78.5 r 29.1 r 72.1 r 54.9 r 44.6 r 50.6 r
1979 53.0 r 41.9 r 79.1 r 26.3 r 72.3 r 49.6 r 42.1 r 46.5 r
1978 52.9 r 40.5 r 76.6 r 23.9 r 72.2 r 45.2 r 39.5 r 42.9 r
1977 52.3 r 38.1 r 72.8 r 22.1 r 71.3 r 42.2 r 37.1 r 40.1 r
1976 51.4 r 36.0 r 70.1 r 20.4 r 70.3 r 39.8 r 35.1 r 37.8 r
1975 49.8 r 33.8 r 67.9 r 18.9 r 68.9 r 38.1 r 33.0 r 35.9 r
1974 48.1 r 34.1 r 71.0 r 17.1 r 67.9 r 35.6 r 28.8 r 32.7 r
1973 48.9 r 34.6 r 70.8 r 15.6 r 68.9 r 32.0 r 26.8 r 29.8 r
1972 47.5 r 32.4 r 68.2 r 14.5 r 67.9 r 30.5 r 25.3 r 28.3 r
1971 46.0 r 30.4 r 66.2 r 13.6 r 65.9 r 29.7 r 24.2 r 27.4 r
1970 44.2 r 29.3 r 66.3 r 12.9 r 64.9 r 29.1 r 22.3 r 26.3 r
1969 43.3 r 29.3 r 67.7 r 12.0 r 63.8 r 27.6 r 21.8 r 25.2 r
1968 43.1 r 28.5 r 66.0 r 11.2 r 62.9 r 25.9 r 21.5 r 24.1 r
1967 41.7 r 27.1 r 65.0 r 10.4 r 60.8 r 24.9 r 20.8 r 23.2 r
1966 40.7 r 26.5 r 65.2 r 9.8 r 59.3 r 24.1 r 20.5 r 22.6 r
1965 39.1 r 24.8 r 63.5 r 9.2 r 57.1 r 23.5 r 20.0 r 22.0 r
1964 37.7 r 23.2 r 61.5 r 8.9 r 56.0 r 23.5 r 19.2 r 21.7 r
1963 36.5 r 21.8 r 59.7 r 8.5 r 54.6 r 23.4 r 18.8 r 21.5 r
1962 35.2 r 20.9 r 59.3 r 8.3 r 53.5 r 23.5 r 18.4 r 21.3 r
1961 33.6 r 19.6 r 58.3 r 7.9 r 51.7 r 23.5 r 17.8 r 21.1 r
1960 32.4 r 19.2 r 59.2 r 7.6 r 50.3 r 23.5 r 17.5 r 21.0 r
1959 31.9 r 18.8 r 59.1 r 7.3 r 49.1 r 22.9 r 17.7 r 20.7 r
1958 30.8 r 17.4 r 56.7 r 7.0 r 47.5 r 22.8 r 17.3 r 20.5 r
1957 29.9 r 17.8 r 59.4 r 6.7 r 46.8 r 22.5 r 17.0 r 20.2 r
1956 29.0 r 17.4 r 60.2 r 6.3 r 45.4 r 21.8 r 16.4 r 19.5 r
1955 28.9 r 17.1 r 59.3 r 5.9 r 43.2 r 20.5 r 16.7 r 18.9 r
1954 27.7 r 15.9 r 57.2 r 5.8 r 42.0 r 20.8 r 15.7 r 18.7 r
1953 27.1 r 16.0 r 59.2 r 5.6 r 41.0 r 20.6 r 15.8 r 18.6 r
1952 26.1 r 15.3 r 58.4 r 5.3 r 38.8 r 20.1 r 16.1 r 18.4 r
1951 25.4 r 14.8 r 58.3 r 5.0 r 37.3 r 19.5 r 16.4 r 18.2 r
1950 24.6 r 13.9 r 56.5 r 4.5 r 36.7 r 18.4 r 14.9 r 16.9 r
1949 22.8 r 12.7 r 55.7 r 4.2 r 34.7 r 18.6 r 14.2 r 16.7 r
1948 22.3 r 12.8 r 57.6 r 4.2 r 33.8 r 18.7 r 14.4 r 16.9 r
1947 21.3 r 12.2 r 57.2 r 3.8 r 33.7 r 18.0 r 13.0 r 15.9 r
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Appendix table 2.
Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices.
Real
Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit
per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price
of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator
Year persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2009=100
2012 105.3 r 109.7 r 104.1 r 107.4 r 100.3 r 102.0 r 108.3 r 104.6 r
2011 103.8 r 105.7 r 101.9 r 104.6 r 99.7 r 100.8 r 105.5 r 102.7 r
2010 103.3 r 103.2 r 99.9 r 102.1 r 100.4 r 98.8 r 104.0 r 101.0 r
2009 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r
2008 96.9 r 104.5 r 107.8 r 98.9 r 98.5 r 102.0 r 95.8 r 99.4 r
2007 96.0 r 105.6 r 110.0 r 96.3 r 99.6 r 100.3 r 95.1 r 98.2 r
2006 94.6 r 103.4 r 109.3 r 92.3 r 98.2 r 97.5 r 93.9 r 96.0 r
2005 94.0 r 100.5 r 106.9 r 88.8 r 97.6 r 94.5 r 91.3 r 93.2 r
2004 92.1 r 96.8 r 105.2 r 85.7 r 97.3 r 93.0 r 86.0 r 90.1 r
2003 89.3 r 92.7 r 103.8 r 81.9 r 95.6 r 91.8 r 83.4 r 88.3 r
2002 85.4 r 89.1 r 104.4 r 79.0 r 94.2 r 92.5 r 81.5 r 87.9 r
2001 81.8 r 87.5 r 107.0 r 77.2 r 93.5 r 94.4 r 77.2 r 87.2 r
2000 79.7 r 86.9 r 109.1 r 74.0 r 92.1 r 92.9 r 75.9 r 85.8 r
1999 77.1 r 83.3 r 108.0 r 68.9 r 88.7 r 89.3 r 76.9 r 84.1 r
1998 74.5 r 78.7 r 105.7 r 66.1 r 86.9 r 88.7 r 76.2 r 83.5 r
1997 72.3 r 74.8 r 103.4 r 62.5 r 83.3 r 86.4 r 78.2 r 83.0 r
1996 71.2 r 71.1 r 99.9 r 60.4 r 82.2 r 84.8 r 77.0 r 81.6 r
1995 69.3 r 68.0 r 98.2 r 58.0 r 81.1 r 83.7 r 76.0 r 80.5 r
1994 68.8 r 65.7 r 95.5 r 56.9 r 81.4 r 82.6 r 74.1 r 79.1 r
1993 68.2 r 62.8 r 92.2 r 56.2 r 82.1 r 82.4 r 71.0 r 77.7 r
1992 68.1 r 60.9 r 89.5 r 55.5 r 83.1 r 81.5 r 68.0 r 75.9 r
1991 65.3 r 58.6 r 89.7 r 52.3 r 80.4 r 80.2 r 66.9 r 74.7 r
1990 64.1 r 58.9 r 91.9 r 49.9 r 79.3 r 77.8 r 64.9 r 72.4 r
1989 62.9 r 58.0 r 92.3 r 46.9 r 78.4 r 74.7 r 63.6 r 70.1 r
1988 62.3 r 56.0 r 89.8 r 45.6 r 79.5 r 73.2 r 59.8 r 67.6 r
1987 61.3 r 53.5 r 87.3 r 43.4 r 78.4 r 70.8 r 58.4 r 65.6 r
1986 61.0 r 51.7 r 84.8 r 41.8 r 78.0 r 68.6 r 58.5 r 64.4 r
1985 59.2 r 49.8 r 84.1 r 39.5 r 75.1 r 66.8 r 58.8 r 63.4 r
1984 58.2 r 47.7 r 82.0 r 37.7 r 74.1 r 64.7 r 56.8 r 61.4 r
1983 57.0 r 44.1 r 77.3 r 36.1 r 74.0 r 63.4 r 54.6 r 59.7 r
1982 54.6 r 41.4 r 75.8 r 34.6 r 73.7 r 63.3 r 50.2 r 57.8 r
1981 55.2 r 42.7 r 77.5 r 32.2 r 72.9 r 58.4 r 48.8 r 54.4 r
1980 54.3 r 41.8 r 76.9 r 29.4 r 72.8 r 54.1 r 43.5 r 49.7 r
1979 54.3 r 42.1 r 77.6 r 26.5 r 73.1 r 48.8 r 40.5 r 45.4 r
1978 54.5 r 40.8 r 74.9 r 24.2 r 73.1 r 44.5 r 38.2 r 41.8 r
1977 53.7 r 38.2 r 71.2 r 22.3 r 72.0 r 41.5 r 36.1 r 39.2 r
1976 52.9 r 36.2 r 68.5 r 20.6 r 70.9 r 39.0 r 34.0 r 36.9 r
1975 51.1 r 33.8 r 66.1 r 19.1 r 69.6 r 37.4 r 31.6 r 35.0 r
1974 49.7 r 34.4 r 69.1 r 17.3 r 68.7 r 34.8 r 27.2 r 31.6 r
1973 50.6 r 34.9 r 69.0 r 15.8 r 69.7 r 31.3 r 25.0 r 28.7 r
1972 49.1 r 32.5 r 66.3 r 14.7 r 68.8 r 29.9 r 24.5 r 27.7 r
1971 47.5 r 30.5 r 64.2 r 13.8 r 66.7 r 29.1 r 23.7 r 26.8 r
1970 45.7 r 29.4 r 64.3 r 13.0 r 65.6 r 28.5 r 21.9 r 25.7 r
1969 45.0 r 29.4 r 65.4 r 12.2 r 64.8 r 27.0 r 21.3 r 24.6 r
1968 44.9 r 28.5 r 63.5 r 11.4 r 64.0 r 25.3 r 21.1 r 23.6 r
1967 43.4 r 27.1 r 62.4 r 10.6 r 62.0 r 24.4 r 20.4 r 22.7 r
1966 42.6 r 26.6 r 62.4 r 10.0 r 60.4 r 23.5 r 20.0 r 22.0 r
1965 41.1 r 24.8 r 60.4 r 9.4 r 58.7 r 23.0 r 19.5 r 21.5 r
1964 39.9 r 23.2 r 58.1 r 9.1 r 57.7 r 22.9 r 18.9 r 21.2 r
1963 38.7 r 21.7 r 56.0 r 8.9 r 56.7 r 22.9 r 18.3 r 21.0 r
1962 37.4 r 20.8 r 55.4 r 8.6 r 55.5 r 22.9 r 17.9 r 20.8 r
1961 35.8 r 19.4 r 54.2 r 8.2 r 53.9 r 23.0 r 17.3 r 20.6 r
1960 34.7 r 19.0 r 54.8 r 8.0 r 52.7 r 23.0 r 17.0 r 20.5 r
1959 34.3 r 18.7 r 54.5 r 7.6 r 51.4 r 22.3 r 17.3 r 20.2 r
1958 33.1 r 17.3 r 52.1 r 7.4 r 49.8 r 22.2 r 16.7 r 19.9 r
1957 32.4 r 17.6 r 54.4 r 7.1 r 49.3 r 21.9 r 16.5 r 19.6 r
1956 31.5 r 17.2 r 54.7 r 6.7 r 48.1 r 21.2 r 16.0 r 19.0 r
1955 31.7 r 16.9 r 53.4 r 6.3 r 46.0 r 19.9 r 16.3 r 18.4 r
1954 30.4 r 15.6 r 51.3 r 6.1 r 44.3 r 20.0 r 15.3 r 18.1 r
1953 29.8 r 15.8 r 53.1 r 5.9 r 43.2 r 19.8 r 15.3 r 17.9 r
1952 29.1 r 15.1 r 51.8 r 5.6 r 41.2 r 19.2 r 15.3 r 17.6 r
1951 28.6 r 14.6 r 51.2 r 5.3 r 39.8 r 18.5 r 15.4 r 17.2 r
1950 27.9 r 13.6 r 48.9 r 4.9 r 39.5 r 17.5 r 14.3 r 16.1 r
1949 26.1 r 12.4 r 47.4 r 4.6 r 37.8 r 17.6 r 13.7 r 16.0 r
1948 25.3 r 12.5 r 49.3 r 4.5 r 36.3 r 17.6 r 13.3 r 15.8 r
1947 24.7 r 12.0 r 48.5 r 4.1 r 36.1 r 16.6 r 12.3 r 14.8 r
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Appendix table 3.
Manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs.
Real
Output Compen- compen-
per hour Hours sation sation Unit
of all of all per hour per hour labor
Year persons Output persons (1) (2) costs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2009=100
2012 109.2 r 114.1 r 104.4 r 105.7 r 98.7 r 96.8 r
2011 107.3 r 109.5 r 102.1 r 103.8 r 98.9 r 96.7 r
2010 106.3 r 106.3 r 99.9 r 102.4 r 100.7 r 96.3 r
2009 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r
2008 99.9 r 114.8 r 114.9 r 96.7 r 96.3 r 96.7 r
2007 100.5 r 120.3 r 119.7 r 94.1 r 97.4 r 93.6 r
2006 96.8 r 117.8 r 121.7 r 90.6 r 96.3 r 93.6 r
2005 95.9 r 115.9 r 120.8 r 88.4 r 97.1 r 92.1 r
2004 91.5 r 111.9 r 122.2 r 85.2 r 96.7 r 93.1 r
2003 89.5 r 109.9 r 122.9 r 82.2 r 95.8 r 91.8 r
2002 84.2 r 108.8 r 129.2 r 78.0 r 93.0 r 92.6 r
2001 78.6 r 109.2 r 139.0 r 75.5 r 91.5 r 96.1 r
2000 77.1 r 114.7 r 148.7 r 73.3 r 91.3 r 95.0 r
1999 73.9 r 111.3 r 150.6 r 68.2 r 87.7 r 92.2 r
1998 70.5 r 106.9 r 151.7 r 65.2 r 85.7 r 92.5 r
1997 66.8 r 101.6 r 152.0 r 62.1 r 82.8 r 93.0 r
1996 63.4 r 94.7 r 149.4 r 60.0 r 81.7 r 94.8 r
1995 61.2 r 91.5 r 149.7 r 58.3 r 81.5 r 95.3 r
1994 58.5 r 87.0 r 148.7 r 57.2 r 81.9 r 97.8 r
1993 56.5 r 82.1 r 145.3 r 56.3 r 82.3 r 99.7 r
1992 55.1 r 79.0 r 143.3 r 55.6 r 83.3 r 100.9 r
1991 53.1 r 76.5 r 144.1 r 52.8 r 81.2 r 99.6 r
1990 51.7 r 77.8 r 150.4 r 50.1 r 79.7 r 96.8 r
1989 50.6 r 78.1 r 154.3 r 47.7 r 79.7 r 94.3 r
1988 50.1 r 76.8 r 153.3 r 46.2 r 80.4 r 92.1 r
1987 49.1 r 73.1 r 148.8 r 44.4 r 80.3 r 90.5 r
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Appendix table 4.
Durable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs.
Real
Output Compen- compen-
per hour Hours sation sation Unit
of all of all per hour per hour labor
Year persons Output persons (1) (2) costs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2009=100
2012 117.3 r 125.1 r 106.7 r 105.0 r 98.1 r 89.5 r
2011 112.8 r 116.9 r 103.6 r 103.4 r 98.6 r 91.6 r
2010 110.2 r 110.0 r 99.8 r 102.5 r 100.8 r 93.0 r
2009 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r
2008 106.1 r 125.5 r 118.2 r 96.1 r 95.8 r 90.6 r
2007 107.9 r 133.2 r 123.4 r 93.9 r 97.2 r 87.0 r
2006 102.5 r 129.1 r 125.9 r 90.3 r 96.0 r 88.1 r
2005 100.3 r 125.0 r 124.6 r 87.6 r 96.2 r 87.3 r
2004 95.3 r 118.9 r 124.8 r 84.8 r 96.3 r 89.0 r
2003 93.6 r 116.2 r 124.1 r 81.7 r 95.3 r 87.3 r
2002 87.3 r 114.4 r 131.1 r 77.7 r 92.7 r 89.0 r
2001 81.0 r 115.6 r 142.7 r 75.3 r 91.2 r 92.9 r
2000 80.2 r 123.4 r 153.9 r 73.6 r 91.7 r 91.8 r
1999 76.2 r 117.9 r 154.8 r 68.3 r 87.9 r 89.7 r
1998 70.7 r 110.0 r 155.5 r 65.1 r 85.5 r 92.0 r
1997 65.6 r 101.4 r 154.6 r 62.2 r 82.8 r 94.8 r
1996 61.3 r 92.2 r 150.3 r 60.4 r 82.2 r 98.5 r
1995 58.3 r 86.8 r 148.9 r 58.9 r 82.4 r 101.1 r
1994 54.8 r 80.4 r 146.7 r 58.0 r 83.1 r 105.9 r
1993 52.2 r 74.2 r 142.0 r 57.4 r 83.9 r 109.9 r
1992 50.2 r 70.4 r 140.0 r 56.7 r 85.0 r 112.9 r
1991 47.5 r 67.6 r 142.1 r 53.7 r 82.5 r 112.9 r
1990 46.7 r 70.2 r 150.4 r 50.8 r 80.8 r 108.8 r
1989 45.8 r 71.2 r 155.4 r 48.6 r 81.1 r 106.0 r
1988 45.4 r 70.4 r 154.9 r 47.0 r 81.9 r 103.5 r
1987 44.5 r 66.3 r 149.1 r 45.6 r 82.3 r 102.5 r
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Appendix table 5.
Nondurable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs.
Real
Output Compen- compen-
per hour Hours sation sation Unit
of all of all per hour per hour labor
Year persons Output persons (1) (2) costs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 2009=100
2012 104.2 r 105.0 r 100.8 r 106.6 r 99.6 r 102.3 r
2011 104.3 r 103.8 r 99.6 r 104.1 r 99.3 r 99.8 r
2010 103.1 r 103.3 r 100.2 r 102.3 r 100.7 r 99.3 r
2009 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r
2008 97.6 r 106.9 r 109.5 r 97.1 r 96.7 r 99.5 r
2007 97.6 r 110.8 r 113.6 r 93.8 r 97.0 r 96.1 r
2006 95.5 r 109.7 r 114.9 r 90.4 r 96.2 r 94.7 r
2005 95.7 r 109.8 r 114.7 r 89.4 r 98.2 r 93.4 r
2004 91.3 r 107.7 r 118.0 r 85.6 r 97.2 r 93.8 r
2003 88.1 r 106.5 r 120.9 r 82.8 r 96.6 r 94.0 r
2002 84.0 r 106.0 r 126.1 r 78.2 r 93.3 r 93.1 r
2001 79.4 r 105.5 r 132.9 r 75.6 r 91.6 r 95.2 r
2000 77.5 r 108.9 r 140.5 r 72.1 r 89.8 r 93.0 r
1999 74.9 r 107.9 r 144.0 r 67.4 r 86.8 r 90.0 r
1998 74.0 r 107.8 r 145.5 r 65.0 r 85.4 r 87.8 r
1997 72.2 r 106.8 r 147.9 r 61.8 r 82.4 r 85.6 r
1996 69.4 r 102.5 r 147.9 r 59.3 r 80.7 r 85.5 r
1995 68.0 r 102.5 r 150.8 r 57.2 r 80.0 r 84.2 r
1994 66.3 r 100.6 r 151.8 r 55.9 r 80.0 r 84.4 r
1993 64.8 r 97.4 r 150.4 r 54.8 r 80.1 r 84.6 r
1992 64.0 r 95.2 r 148.7 r 53.9 r 80.7 r 84.2 r
1991 62.9 r 92.7 r 147.3 r 51.5 r 79.1 r 81.9 r
1990 61.4 r 92.4 r 150.4 r 48.8 r 77.7 r 79.5 r
1989 60.2 r 91.8 r 152.4 r 46.1 r 77.0 r 76.6 r
1988 59.7 r 90.0 r 150.7 r 44.4 r 77.4 r 74.4 r
1987 58.5 r 86.8 r 148.2 r 42.3 r 76.5 r 72.4 r
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States Department of Labor
