For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, March 18, 2015                  USDL-15-0426

Technical information:  (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                         EMPLOYMENT SITUATION OF VETERANS -- 2014


The unemployment rate for veterans who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed 
Forces at any time since September 2001--a group referred to as Gulf War-era II 
veterans--declined by 1.8 percentage points over the year to 7.2 percent in 2014, 
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The jobless rate for all 
veterans, at 5.3 percent, also declined from a year earlier. In addition, 29 
percent of Gulf War-era II veterans reported having a service-connected 
disability in August 2014, compared with 16 percent of all veterans.

This information was obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a monthly 
sample survey of about 60,000 households that provides data on employment and 
unemployment in the United States. Data about veterans are collected monthly in 
the CPS; those monthly data are the source of the 2014 annual averages presented 
in this news release. In August 2014, a supplement to the CPS collected 
additional information about veterans on topics such as service-connected 
disability and veterans' current or past Reserve or National Guard membership. 
Information from the supplement is also presented in this release. The supplement 
was co-sponsored by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and by the U.S. 
Department of Labor's Veterans' Employment and Training Service. For more 
information, see the Technical Note, which provides definitions of terms used 
in this release.

Highlights from the 2014 data:

--The unemployment rate for male veterans declined to 5.2 percent in 2014. The 
  rate for female veterans edged down to 6.0 percent. (See table A.) 

--Among the 573,000 unemployed veterans in 2014, 59 percent were age 45 and over. 
  Thirty-seven percent were age 25 to 44, and 4 percent were age 18 to 24. (See 
  table 2A.) 

--Veterans with a service-connected disability had an unemployment rate of 5.9 
  percent in August 2014, the same rate as for veterans with no disability. 
  (See table 7.) 

--Nearly 1 in 3 employed veterans with a service-connected disability worked in 
  the public sector in August 2014, compared with nearly 1 in 5 veterans with 
  no disability. (See table 8.) 

--In 2014, the unemployment rate of veterans varied by state, ranging from 1.4 
  percent in North Dakota to 8.5 percent in Maryland. (See table 6A.) 

The Veteran Population

In 2014, 21.2 million men and women, or 9 percent of the civilian noninstitutional 
population age 18 and over, were veterans. In the survey, veterans are defined 
as men and women who have previously served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces 
and who were civilians at the time these data were collected. Veterans are more 
likely to be men and older than nonveterans. In part, this reflects the 
characteristics of veterans who served during World War II, the Korean War, and 
the Vietnam era. Veterans who served during these wartime periods accounted for 
44 percent (9.4 million) of the total veteran population in 2014. Thirty-one 
percent of veterans (6.5 million) served during Gulf War era I (August 1990 to 
August 2001) or Gulf War era II (September 2001 forward). Another quarter (5.3 
million) served outside the designated wartime periods. (See table 1.)

Gulf War-era II Veterans

In 2014, there were 3.2 million veterans who had served during Gulf War era II. 
Twenty percent of these veterans were women, compared with 4 percent of veterans 
from World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam era. Nearly half of all Gulf 
War-era II veterans were between the ages of 25 and 34. (See tables 1 and 2A.)

Among Gulf War-era II veterans, the unemployment rate for men declined from 8.8 
percent in 2013 to 6.9 percent in 2014.  The unemployment rate for women (8.5 
percent) in 2014 was not statistically different from the prior year (9.6 
percent). (See table A.)

The unemployment rate for male Gulf War-era II veterans (6.9 percent) was higher 
than the rate for male nonveterans (6.2 percent) in 2014.  In general, 
unemployment rates of male veterans and male nonveterans in the same age ranges 
were not statistically different. However, among men age 25 to 34, Gulf War-era 
II veterans had a higher unemployment rate (7.5 percent) than did nonveterans 
(6.3 percent). (See table 2B.)

Among women, the unemployment rate for Gulf War-era II veterans (8.5 percent) 
was higher than the rate for nonveterans (5.9 percent) in 2014. By age, 
unemployment rates for female veterans and nonveterans were similar with one 
exception: 35-to 44-year-old female veterans had a rate of 9.0 percent, higher 
than the rate of 4.8 percent for their nonveteran counterparts. (See table 2C.) 

Veterans of Gulf War era II and nonveterans had similar occupational profiles 
in 2014 after accounting for gender. About one-third of employed veteran and
nonveteran men worked in management and professional occupations, a higher 
proportion than in any other major occupational group. Among employed women, 
just over 40 percent of Gulf War-era II veterans and nonveterans worked in 
management and professional occupations. (See table 4.)

A higher proportion of employed Gulf War-era II veterans worked in the public 
sector in 2014 than employed nonveterans--25 percent and 14 percent, 
respectively. Among the employed, 14 percent of Gulf War-era II veterans worked 
for the federal government, compared with 2 percent of employed nonveterans. 
(See table 5.)

In August 2014, 36 percent of Gulf War-era II veterans reported serving in 
Iraq, Afghanistan, or both. (Some veterans did not report their location of 
service.) These veterans had an unemployment rate of 8.4 percent, not 
statistically different from Gulf War-era II veterans who served elsewhere 
(7.8 percent). (See table 10.)

Gulf War-era I Veterans

Of the 3.4 million veterans who served during Gulf War era I (August 1990 
to August 2001), the proportion who were women (19 percent in 2014) was 
similar to that of Gulf War-era II veterans. Almost all (95 percent) Gulf 
War-era I veterans were age 35 and over in 2014, compared with 45 percent 
of Gulf War-era II veterans. (See tables 1 and 2A.)

In 2014, the unemployment rates for male and female Gulf War-era I veterans 
were 4.0 percent and 5.2 percent, respectively, lower than the rates for 
their Gulf War-era II veteran counterparts (6.9 percent and 8.5 percent, 
respectively). These differences in the unemployment rates reflect, at least 
in part, the older age profile of veterans who served during Gulf War era I. 
Younger people--whether veterans or nonveterans--tend to have higher 
unemployment rates than older people. (See tables 2B and 2C.)

Veterans of World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam Era

In 2014, there were 9.4 million veterans who had served during World War II, 
the Korean War, and the Vietnam era. All of these veterans were at least 
55 years old, and about three-fourths were at least 65 years old. Nearly all 
(96 percent) of these veterans were men. In 2014, 28.4 percent of male 
veterans of these wartime periods were in the labor force, and their 
unemployment rate was 5.0 percent. Male veterans of these wartime periods 
had lower labor force participation rates than did male nonveterans in the 
same age categories. (See tables 1, 2A, and 2B.)

Veterans of Other Service Periods

In 2014, 5.3 million veterans had served on active duty during "other 
service periods," mainly between the Korean War and the Vietnam era, and 
between the Vietnam era and Gulf War era I. Because these veterans served 
between the major wartime periods, which span several decades, this group 
is concentrated in two age ranges. Thirty-five percent of these veterans 
were age 45 to 54 in 2014, and another 40 percent were age 65 and over. 
(See table 2A.)

In 2014, nearly 9 in 10 veterans of other service periods were men. Among 
veterans of other service periods, the unemployment rate for men was 5.3 
percent, not statistically different from the rate of 4.2 percent for women. 
(See tables 1, 2B, and 2C.)

Veterans with a Service-connected Disability

In August 2014, about 3.4 million veterans, or 16 percent of the total, 
had a service-connected disability. (Some veterans did not report whether 
they had a service-connected disability.) Veterans with a service-connected 
disability are assigned a disability rating by the U.S. Department of 
Veterans Affairs or the U.S. Department of Defense. Ratings range from 0 
to 100 percent, in increments of 10 percentage points, depending on the 
severity of the condition. (See table 7.)

Among veterans with a service-connected disability, one-third reported a 
disability rating of less than 30 percent, while another third had a rating 
of 60 percent or higher. In August 2014, veterans with a service-connected 
disability rating of less than 30 percent were much more likely to be in 
the labor force than those with a rating of 60 percent or higher (50.0 
percent and 32.6 percent, respectively).

Among veterans who served during Gulf War era II, nearly 3 in 10 (928,000) 
reported having a service-connected disability. Of these, 75.1 percent were 
in the labor force in August 2014, lower than the 85.6 percent for veterans 
from this period with no service-connected disability. Among Gulf War-era II 
veterans, the unemployment rate of those with a disability was 9.1 percent, 
not statistically different from those with no disability (7.8 percent).

In August 2014, 17 percent (584,000) of veterans who served during Gulf 
War era I reported a service-connected disability. Their labor force 
participation rate (73.6 percent) was lower than the rate for veterans 
from the era who did not have a disability (87.2 percent). The unemployment 
rate for Gulf War-era I veterans with a service-connected disability was 
lower than that for Gulf War-era I veterans without a service-connected 
disability.

Among the 1.4 million veterans with a service-connected disability from 
World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam era, 14.0 percent were in the 
labor force in August 2014, lower than the 29.2 percent of veterans from 
these periods who did not have a service-connected disability. The 
unemployment rate of veterans with a disability from these wartime periods 
was 6.0 percent, little different from their counterparts with no disability 
(5.8 percent).

In August 2014, labor force participation rates and unemployment rates for 
veterans of other service periods were similar for those with and without 
a service-connected disability.

Regardless of period of service, many veterans with a service-connected 
disability worked in the public sector. In August 2014, 31 percent of 
employed veterans with a disability worked in federal, state, or local 
government, compared with 18 percent of veterans with no disability and 
13 percent of nonveterans. Among the employed, 21 percent of veterans 
with a disability worked for the federal government, compared with 6 
percent of veterans with no disability and 2 percent of nonveterans. 
(See table 8.)

Reserve or National Guard Membership

In August 2014, 28 percent of Gulf War-era veterans (August 1990 to present) 
were reported to be current or past members of the Reserve or National Guard. 
Unemployment rates were not statistically different for veterans who were 
current or past members of the Reserve or National Guard compared with veterans 
who were never members. Among Gulf War-era II veterans, those who were current 
or past members of the Reserve or National Guard had a higher labor force 
participation rate than those who had never been members (86.5 percent and 
77.8 percent, respectively). For veterans of Gulf War-era I, labor force 
participation rates were similar for members and nonmembers. (See table 9.)



   --------------------------------------------------------------------
  |                                                                    |
  |     Updated Veteran Weighting Methodology for Household Survey     |
  |                                                                    |
  |  Beginning with data for January 2014, estimates for veterans in   |
  |  this news release incorporate updated weighting procedures. The   |
  |  new weighting methodology more accurately reflects the current    |
  |  demographic composition of the veteran population. The primary    |
  |  impact of the change was an increase in the "Gulf War-era I"      |
  |  veteran population and a decrease in the number of veterans in    |
  |  the "Other service periods" category. The updated methodology     |
  |  had little effect on unemployment rates for veterans, regardless  |
  |  of gender or period of service. Additional information on the     |
  |  effect of the change on labor force estimates for veterans is     |
  |  available at www.bls.gov/cps/vetsweights2014.pdf.                 |
  |                                                                    |
   --------------------------------------------------------------------

Table A. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, 2013-2014 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status and period of service	2013			2014
	Total	Men	Women	Total	Men	Women
TOTAL VETERANS
Civilian noninstitutional population	21,397	19,173	2,225	21,229	19,023	2,206
Civilian labor force	10,975	9,565	1,410	10,744	9,358	1,386
Participation rate	51.3	49.9	63.4	50.6	49.2	62.8
Employed	10,253	8,940	1,313	10,171	8,868	1,303
Employment-population ratio	47.9	46.6	59.0	47.9	46.6	59.0
Unemployed	722	625	97	573	490	83
Unemployment rate	6.6	6.5	6.9	5.3	5.2	6.0
Not in labor force	10,422	9,608	815	10,485	9,664	821
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	2,837	2,259	579	3,185	2,549	635
Civilian labor force	2,286	1,879	407	2,535	2,096	439
Participation rate	80.6	83.2	70.3	79.6	82.2	69.2
Employed	2,081	1,713	368	2,353	1,952	402
Employment-population ratio	73.3	75.8	63.6	73.9	76.6	63.3
Unemployed	205	166	39	182	144	37
Unemployment rate	9.0	8.8	9.6	7.2	6.9	8.5
Not in labor force	552	380	172	649	453	196
NONVETERANS
Civilian noninstitutional population	215,339	94,850	120,489	217,820	96,213	121,607
Civilian labor force	142,391	72,114	70,277	143,207	72,565	70,641
Participation rate	66.1	76.0	58.3	65.7	75.4	58.1
Employed	132,189	66,712	65,477	134,589	68,095	66,494
Employment-population ratio	61.4	70.3	54.3	61.8	70.8	54.7
Unemployed	10,202	5,402	4,800	8,618	4,470	4,148
Unemployment rate	7.2	7.5	6.8	6.0	6.2	5.9
Not in labor force	72,948	22,736	50,212	74,613	23,647	50,966
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Gulf War-era II veterans served on active duty anywhere in the world sometime since September 2001. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Effective with data for January 2013, estimates for veterans incorporate population controls derived from an updated Department of Veterans Affairs' population model.

Technical Note

   The data in this release were collected through the Current Population Survey
(CPS). The CPS--a monthly survey of about 60,000 eligible households conducted by
the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics--obtains information
on employment and unemployment among the nation's civilian noninstitutional
population age 16 and over.

   Most of the data in this release are annual averages for 2014, compiled from the
results of the monthly survey. In August 2014, a supplement to the CPS collected
additional information about veterans on topics such as service-connected disability,
veterans' Reserve or National Guard status, and veterans who served in Iraq and/or
Afghanistan. The supplement was co-sponsored by the U.S. Department of Veterans
Affairs and by the U.S. Department of Labor's Veterans' Employment and Training
Service. Questions were asked of persons 17 years of age and older regarding their
prior service in the U.S. Armed Forces. Data are tabulated for persons 18 years of
age and older.

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals
upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Definitions

   The definitions underlying the data in this release are as follows:

   Veterans are men and women who previously served on active duty in the U.S.
Armed Forces and who were civilians at the time they were surveyed. Members of
the Reserve and National Guard are counted as veterans if they had ever been
called  to active duty. Persons who are on active duty at the time of the survey
are outside the scope of the survey and thus not in the estimates shown here, as
are persons who reside in institutions, such as nursing homes and prisons.

   Nonveterans are men and women who never served on active duty in the U.S.
Armed Forces.

   World War II, Korean War, Vietnam-era, and Gulf War-era veterans are men and
women who served in the U.S. Armed Forces during these periods of service, 
regardless of where in the world they served. Veterans who served in more than 
one wartime period are classified in the most recent one.

   Veterans of other service periods are men and women who served in the U.S. Armed
Forces at any time other than World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam era, or
the Gulf War era. Although U.S. Armed Forces were engaged in several armed conflicts
during other service periods, these conflicts were more limited in scope and included
a smaller proportion of the Armed Forces than the selected wartime periods. Veterans
who served during one of the selected wartime periods and during another period are
classified in the wartime period.

   Veteran status is obtained from responses to the question, "Did you ever serve
on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces?"

   Period of service identifies when a veteran served in the Armed Forces, but 
not the location of their service. It is obtained from answers to the question 
asked of veterans, "When did you serve on active duty in the  U.S. Armed Forces?"

   The following service periods are identified:

      Gulf War era II -- September 2001-present
      Gulf War era I  -- August 1990-August 2001
      Vietnam era     -- August 1964-April 1975
      Korean War      -- July 1950-January 1955
      World War II    -- December 1941-December 1946
      Other service periods -- All other time periods

   Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service. 
Veterans are counted only in one period of service, their most recent wartime period. 
Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent 
one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are 
classified in the wartime period. The period-of-service definitions are modified 
occasionally to reflect changes in law, regulations, and program needs of the survey 
sponsors.

   Veterans who served in Iraq, Afghanistan, or both are individuals who served in
Iraq at any time since March 2003, in Afghanistan at any time since October 2001,
or in both locations. Service in Iraq or Afghanistan is determined by answers to
two questions: "Did you serve in Iraq, off the coast of Iraq, or did you fly missions
over Iraq at any time since March 2003?" and "Did you serve in Afghanistan, or
did you fly missions over Afghanistan, at any time since October 2001?"

   Presence of service-connected disability is determined by answers to the question,
"Has the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) or Department of Defense (DoD) determined
that you have a service-connected disability, that is, a health condition or
impairment caused or made worse by any of your military service?"

   Service-connected disability rating is based on answers to the question, "What
is your current service-connected disability rating?" Answers can range from 0 to
100 percent, in increments of 10 percentage points. Ratings are determined by the
VA or DoD from a rating schedule published in the Code of Federal Regulations,
Title 38, "Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief," Part 4--"Schedule for Rating
Disabilities." The rating schedule is "primarily a guide in the evaluation of 
disability resulting from all types of diseases and injuries encountered as a result
of or incident to military service. The percentage ratings represent as far as can
practicably be determined the average impairment in earning capacity resulting from
such diseases and injuries and their residual conditions in civil occupations." 
Part 4 contains a listing of hundreds of possible disorders and assigns ratings of
0 through 100 percent, with instructions for rating multiple disorders.

   Reserve and National Guard membership refers only to Gulf War-era veterans who are 
current or past members of the Reserve or National Guard. Members of the Reserve and
National Guard are counted as veterans if they had ever been called to active duty.
These data do not refer to all persons who may have ever served in the Reserve or 
National Guard. Reserve or National Guard status is obtained from answers to two 
questions. Gulf War-era veterans were asked: "Was any of your active service the 
result of a call-up from the Reserve or National Guard?" If the answer was no, they
were  asked, "Have you ever been a member of the Reserve or National Guard?" A 'yes' 
response to either question classified persons as "Current or past member of the 
Reserve or National Guard." A 'no' response to the latter question classified 
persons as "Never a member of the Reserve or National Guard."

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that
the sample estimates will differ from the true population values they represent. The
component of this difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is known as
sampling error, and its variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate.
There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on
a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population
value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent
level of confidence.

   The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur
for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, the
inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, the inability or
unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, and errors made in the
collection or processing of the data.

   Information about the reliability of national data from the CPS and estimating
standard errors is available at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability.

   For a discussion of the reliability of state estimates from the CPS, such as those
in table 6 of this release, see www.bls.gov/opub/gp/gpapndb.htm.

Table 1. Employment status of persons 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2014 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status, period of service, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force						Not in labor force
		Total	Percent of population	Employed		Unemployed
				Total	Percent of population	Total	Percent of labor force
TOTAL
Total, 18 years and over	239,049	153,951	64.4	144,760	60.6	9,191	6.0	85,098
Veterans	21,229	10,744	50.6	10,171	47.9	573	5.3	10,485
Gulf War era, total	6,540	5,302	81.1	5,003	76.5	298	5.6	1,238
Gulf War era II	3,185	2,535	79.6	2,353	73.9	182	7.2	649
Gulf War era I	3,356	2,766	82.4	2,650	79.0	117	4.2	589
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	9,372	2,654	28.3	2,522	26.9	132	5.0	6,718
Other service periods	5,317	2,788	52.4	2,645	49.7	143	5.1	2,529
Nonveterans	217,820	143,207	65.7	134,589	61.8	8,618	6.0	74,613
Men
Total, 18 years and over	115,235	81,924	71.1	76,963	66.8	4,960	6.1	33,311
Veterans	19,023	9,358	49.2	8,868	46.6	490	5.2	9,664
Gulf War era, total	5,268	4,393	83.4	4,157	78.9	236	5.4	875
Gulf War era II	2,549	2,096	82.2	1,952	76.6	144	6.9	453
Gulf War era I	2,719	2,297	84.5	2,205	81.1	92	4.0	421
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	9,023	2,559	28.4	2,432	27.0	127	5.0	6,464
Other service periods	4,732	2,406	50.8	2,279	48.2	127	5.3	2,326
Nonveterans	96,213	72,565	75.4	68,095	70.8	4,470	6.2	23,647
Women
Total, 18 years and over	123,814	72,027	58.2	67,796	54.8	4,231	5.9	51,787
Veterans	2,206	1,386	62.8	1,303	59.0	83	6.0	821
Gulf War era, total	1,272	909	71.4	847	66.5	62	6.8	364
Gulf War era II	635	439	69.2	402	63.3	37	8.5	196
Gulf War era I	637	469	73.7	445	69.8	25	5.2	168
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	349	95	27.2	90	25.7	5	5.4	254
Other service periods	585	382	65.3	366	62.6	16	4.2	203
Nonveterans	121,607	70,641	58.1	66,494	54.7	4,148	5.9	50,966
White
Total, 18 years and over	188,848	121,736	64.5	115,499	61.2	6,237	5.1	67,112
Veterans	17,786	8,735	49.1	8,317	46.8	418	4.8	9,050
Gulf War era, total	5,039	4,128	81.9	3,915	77.7	213	5.2	910
Gulf War era II	2,449	1,977	80.7	1,849	75.5	127	6.4	472
Gulf War era I	2,590	2,152	83.1	2,066	79.8	85	4.0	438
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	8,317	2,360	28.4	2,251	27.1	109	4.6	5,957
Other service periods	4,430	2,247	50.7	2,151	48.6	96	4.3	2,183
Nonveterans	171,062	113,001	66.1	107,182	62.7	5,819	5.1	58,062
Black or African American
Total, 18 years and over	29,562	18,698	63.2	16,643	56.3	2,055	11.0	10,864
Veterans	2,516	1,445	57.4	1,334	53.0	111	7.7	1,071
Gulf War era, total	1,049	815	77.6	761	72.5	54	6.6	235
Gulf War era II	490	366	74.6	331	67.5	35	9.5	124
Gulf War era I	559	449	80.3	430	76.9	19	4.2	110
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	768	204	26.6	188	24.4	17	8.2	564
Other service periods	699	426	61.0	386	55.2	41	9.6	272
Nonveterans	27,047	17,253	63.8	15,309	56.6	1,944	11.3	9,794
Asian
Total, 18 years and over	13,288	8,651	65.1	8,226	61.9	425	4.9	4,637
Veterans	335	217	64.9	207	61.8	10	4.7	118
Gulf War era, total	166	141	85.1	134	80.7	7	5.2	25
Gulf War era II	90	74	82.7	69	76.6	5	7.4	16
Gulf War era I	77	67	87.9	65	85.4	2	2.8	9
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	112	39	35.1	37	33.2	2	5.3	73
Other service periods	57	37	64.4	36	62.9	1	2.3	20
Nonveterans	12,952	8,434	65.1	8,019	61.9	414	4.9	4,519
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Total, 18 years and over	36,333	24,952	68.7	23,168	63.8	1,784	7.1	11,381
Veterans	1,395	897	64.3	841	60.3	56	6.3	498
Gulf War era, total	716	581	81.1	543	75.9	38	6.5	135
Gulf War era II	423	331	78.2	306	72.3	25	7.6	92
Gulf War era I	293	250	85.4	238	81.1	12	5.0	43
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	381	130	34.1	122	32.0	8	6.1	251
Other service periods	298	186	62.4	175	58.8	11	5.9	112
Nonveterans	34,938	24,055	68.9	22,327	63.9	1,727	7.2	10,883
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).

Table 2A. Employment status of persons 18 years and over by veteran status, age, and period of service, 2014 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status, age, and period of service	Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force						Not in labor force
		Total	Percent of population	Employed		Unemployed
				Total	Percent of population	Total	Percent of labor force
TOTAL VETERANS
Total, 18 years and over	21,229	10,744	50.6	10,171	47.9	573	5.3	10,485
18 to 24 years	211	142	67.3	119	56.4	23	16.2	69
25 to 34 years	1,708	1,387	81.2	1,280	75.0	107	7.7	321
35 to 44 years	2,402	2,088	86.9	1,982	82.5	106	5.1	314
45 to 54 years	3,377	2,780	82.3	2,655	78.6	125	4.5	597
55 to 64 years	4,056	2,484	61.2	2,349	57.9	135	5.4	1,572
65 years and over	9,474	1,862	19.7	1,785	18.8	78	4.2	7,612
Gulf War era, total
Total, 18 years and over	6,540	5,302	81.1	5,003	76.5	298	5.6	1,238
18 to 24 years	211	142	67.3	119	56.4	23	16.2	69
25 to 34 years	1,708	1,387	81.2	1,280	75.0	107	7.7	321
35 to 44 years	2,294	1,993	86.9	1,889	82.3	104	5.2	301
45 to 54 years	1,531	1,282	83.7	1,238	80.9	44	3.4	249
55 to 64 years	624	455	73.0	435	69.8	20	4.4	168
65 years and over	172	43	24.8	42	24.3	1	1.9	130
Gulf War era II
Total, 18 years and over	3,185	2,535	79.6	2,353	73.9	182	7.2	649
18 to 24 years	211	142	67.3	119	56.4	23	16.2	69
25 to 34 years	1,550	1,255	81.0	1,158	74.7	98	7.8	295
35 to 44 years	708	594	84.0	555	78.5	39	6.5	113
45 to 54 years	483	394	81.5	377	78.0	17	4.3	89
55 to 64 years	193	141	73.4	136	70.7	5	3.7	51
65 years and over	40	9	21.9	9	21.4	0	-	31
Gulf War era I
Total, 25 years and over	3,356	2,766	82.4	2,650	79.0	117	4.2	589
25 to 34 years	158	132	83.3	123	77.7	9	6.8	26
35 to 44 years	1,586	1,399	88.2	1,333	84.1	65	4.7	188
45 to 54 years	1,048	888	84.8	862	82.2	27	3.0	160
55 to 64 years	431	314	72.8	299	69.4	15	4.8	117
65 years and over	133	34	25.7	33	25.2	1	-	99
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era
Total, 55 years and over	9,372	2,654	28.3	2,522	26.9	132	5.0	6,718
55 to 64 years	2,215	1,178	53.2	1,108	50.0	69	5.9	1,037
65 years and over	7,157	1,477	20.6	1,414	19.8	63	4.3	5,680
Other service periods
Total, 35 years and over	5,317	2,788	52.4	2,645	49.7	143	5.1	2,529
35 to 44 years	108	95	88.0	94	86.6	1	1.5	13
45 to 54 years	1,846	1,498	81.2	1,417	76.7	82	5.5	348
55 to 64 years	1,218	852	69.9	806	66.2	45	5.3	366
65 years and over	2,144	343	16.0	329	15.3	14	4.2	1,802
TOTAL NONVETERANS
Total, 18 years and over	217,820	143,207	65.7	134,589	61.8	8,618	6.0	74,613
18 to 24 years	29,603	19,182	64.8	16,777	56.7	2,404	12.5	10,422
25 to 34 years	40,423	32,812	81.2	30,695	75.9	2,117	6.5	7,611
35 to 44 years	37,163	30,418	81.8	28,984	78.0	1,434	4.7	6,745
45 to 54 years	39,437	31,281	79.3	29,901	75.8	1,381	4.4	8,155
55 to 64 years	35,712	23,022	64.5	22,046	61.7	976	4.2	12,690
65 years and over	35,481	6,492	18.3	6,186	17.4	305	4.7	28,990
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).

Table 2B. Employment status of men 18 years and over by veteran status, age, and period of service, 2014 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status, age, and period of service	Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force						Not in labor force
		Total	Percent of population	Employed		Unemployed
				Total	Percent of population	Total	Percent of labor force
VETERANS, MEN
Total, 18 years and over	19,023	9,358	49.2	8,868	46.6	490	5.2	9,664
18 to 24 years	148	111	74.4	91	61.6	19	17.3	38
25 to 34 years	1,386	1,158	83.6	1,071	77.3	87	7.5	228
35 to 44 years	1,886	1,692	89.7	1,615	85.6	76	4.5	195
45 to 54 years	2,854	2,392	83.8	2,278	79.8	113	4.7	463
55 to 64 years	3,586	2,198	61.3	2,081	58.0	117	5.3	1,388
65 years and over	9,161	1,808	19.7	1,731	18.9	77	4.3	7,353
Gulf War era, total
Total, 18 years and over	5,268	4,393	83.4	4,157	78.9	236	5.4	875
18 to 24 years	148	111	74.4	91	61.6	19	17.3	38
25 to 34 years	1,386	1,158	83.6	1,071	77.3	87	7.5	228
35 to 44 years	1,802	1,618	89.8	1,543	85.6	75	4.6	184
45 to 54 years	1,274	1,098	86.2	1,059	83.2	39	3.5	176
55 to 64 years	509	374	73.4	359	70.4	15	4.1	135
65 years and over	148	35	23.4	34	22.8	1	2.4	114
Gulf War era II
Total, 18 years and over	2,549	2,096	82.2	1,952	76.6	144	6.9	453
18 to 24 years	148	111	74.4	91	61.6	19	17.3	38
25 to 34 years	1,261	1,051	83.3	971	77.0	79	7.5	210
35 to 44 years	538	470	87.4	443	82.2	28	5.9	68
45 to 54 years	417	348	83.4	333	79.7	15	4.4	69
55 to 64 years	153	110	72.1	107	70.1	3	2.7	43
65 years and over	31	6	-	6	-	0	-	25
Gulf War era I
Total, 25 years and over	2,719	2,297	84.5	2,205	81.1	92	4.0	421
25 to 34 years	126	108	85.9	100	79.7	8	7.3	18
35 to 44 years	1,264	1,147	90.8	1,100	87.0	48	4.1	116
45 to 54 years	856	750	87.6	726	84.8	24	3.2	106
55 to 64 years	356	264	74.0	251	70.5	12	4.7	93
65 years and over	117	28	24.2	28	23.6	1	-	89
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era
Total, 55 years and over	9,023	2,559	28.4	2,432	27.0	127	5.0	6,464
55 to 64 years	2,074	1,115	53.7	1,050	50.6	65	5.8	960
65 years and over	6,949	1,445	20.8	1,382	19.9	62	4.3	5,504
Other service periods
Total, 35 years and over	4,732	2,406	50.8	2,279	48.2	127	5.3	2,326
35 to 44 years	84	74	87.6	73	86.1	1	1.7	10
45 to 54 years	1,581	1,294	81.8	1,219	77.1	75	5.8	287
55 to 64 years	1,003	710	70.8	673	67.1	37	5.2	293
65 years and over	2,064	328	15.9	315	15.2	14	4.2	1,735
NONVETERANS, MEN
Total, 18 years and over	96,213	72,565	75.4	68,095	70.8	4,470	6.2	23,647
18 to 24 years	14,854	9,940	66.9	8,588	57.8	1,352	13.6	4,915
25 to 34 years	19,455	17,320	89.0	16,222	83.4	1,097	6.3	2,135
35 to 44 years	17,501	15,856	90.6	15,119	86.4	736	4.6	1,645
45 to 54 years	18,066	15,508	85.8	14,839	82.1	669	4.3	2,558
55 to 64 years	15,532	11,166	71.9	10,680	68.8	485	4.3	4,367
65 years and over	10,804	2,776	25.7	2,646	24.5	130	4.7	8,027
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).

Table 2C. Employment status of women 18 years and over by veteran status, age, and period of service, 2014 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status, age, and period of service	Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force						Not in labor force
		Total	Percent of population	Employed		Unemployed
				Total	Percent of population	Total	Percent of labor force
VETERANS, WOMEN
Total, 18 years and over	2,206	1,386	62.8	1,303	59.0	83	6.0	821
18 to 24 years	63	32	50.3	28	44.0	4	-	31
25 to 34 years	322	228	71.0	209	65.0	19	8.5	93
35 to 44 years	516	396	76.9	367	71.2	29	7.4	119
45 to 54 years	523	389	74.3	377	72.0	12	3.1	134
55 to 64 years	470	286	60.9	268	57.0	18	6.3	184
65 years and over	313	55	17.4	54	17.2	1	1.3	259
Gulf War era, total
Total, 18 years and over	1,272	909	71.4	847	66.5	62	6.8	364
18 to 24 years	63	32	50.3	28	44.0	4	-	31
25 to 34 years	322	228	71.0	209	65.0	19	8.5	93
35 to 44 years	492	375	76.3	346	70.4	29	7.7	117
45 to 54 years	257	184	71.4	179	69.5	5	2.6	74
55 to 64 years	114	81	71.1	77	66.9	5	5.9	33
65 years and over	24	8	-	8	-	0	-	16
Gulf War era II
Total, 18 years and over	635	439	69.2	402	63.3	37	8.5	196
18 to 24 years	63	32	50.3	28	44.0	4	-	31
25 to 34 years	289	205	70.8	186	64.4	18	8.9	85
35 to 44 years	169	124	73.1	113	66.5	11	9.0	46
45 to 54 years	66	46	69.5	44	66.7	2	4.1	20
55 to 64 years	40	31	78.2	29	72.8	2	-	9
65 years and over	8	2	-	2	-	0	-	6
Gulf War era I
Total, 25 years and over	637	469	73.7	445	69.8	25	5.2	168
25 to 34 years	32	24	-	23	-	1	-	9
35 to 44 years	323	251	77.9	234	72.4	18	7.1	71
45 to 54 years	192	138	72.1	135	70.5	3	2.2	53
55 to 64 years	74	50	67.3	47	63.8	3	5.3	24
65 years and over	16	6	-	6	-	0	-	10
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era
Total, 55 years and over	349	95	27.2	90	25.7	5	5.4	254
55 to 64 years	141	63	44.8	58	41.4	5	7.6	78
65 years and over	208	32	15.3	32	15.2	0	-	176
Other service periods
Total, 35 years and over	585	382	65.3	366	62.6	16	4.2	203
35 to 44 years	24	21	-	21	-	0	-	3
45 to 54 years	265	205	77.1	198	74.4	7	3.4	61
55 to 64 years	215	142	65.9	133	62.0	8	5.9	73
65 years and over	81	14	17.8	14	17.4	0	-	66
NONVETERANS, WOMEN
Total, 18 years and over	121,607	70,641	58.1	66,494	54.7	4,148	5.9	50,966
18 to 24 years	14,749	9,242	62.7	8,189	55.5	1,052	11.4	5,507
25 to 34 years	20,968	15,493	73.9	14,473	69.0	1,020	6.6	5,476
35 to 44 years	19,662	14,562	74.1	13,865	70.5	697	4.8	5,100
45 to 54 years	21,371	15,773	73.8	15,061	70.5	712	4.5	5,597
55 to 64 years	20,180	11,857	58.8	11,366	56.3	491	4.1	8,323
65 years and over	24,678	3,715	15.1	3,540	14.3	175	4.7	20,962
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).

Table 3. Employment status of persons 25 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and educational attainment, 2014 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status, period of service, and educational attainment	Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force						Not in labor force
		Total	Percent of population	Employed		Unemployed
				Total	Percent of population	Total	Percent of labor force
VETERANS
Total, 25 years and over	21,018	10,602	50.4	10,052	47.8	550	5.2	10,416
Less than a high school diploma	1,154	260	22.5	244	21.1	16	6.3	894
High school graduates, no college	6,497	2,948	45.4	2,772	42.7	176	6.0	3,548
Some college or associate degree	7,376	4,032	54.7	3,802	51.5	230	5.7	3,344
Bachelor's degree and higher	5,991	3,361	56.1	3,234	54.0	128	3.8	2,630
Gulf War era, total
Total, 25 years and over	6,329	5,160	81.5	4,884	77.2	275	5.3	1,169
Less than a high school diploma	87	56	64.5	50	58.1	5	9.8	31
High school graduates, no college	1,540	1,226	79.7	1,149	74.6	78	6.3	313
Some college or associate degree	2,728	2,167	79.5	2,039	74.8	128	5.9	560
Bachelor's degree and higher	1,975	1,710	86.6	1,646	83.3	64	3.7	265
Gulf War era II
Total, 25 years and over	2,973	2,393	80.5	2,234	75.2	159	6.6	580
Less than a high school diploma	35	22	65.1	20	57.8	3	-	12
High school graduates, no college	695	556	80.0	511	73.4	46	8.2	139
Some college or associate degree	1,338	1,029	76.9	956	71.5	73	7.0	309
Bachelor's degree and higher	905	785	86.8	747	82.6	38	4.8	119
Gulf War era I
Total, 25 years and over	3,356	2,766	82.4	2,650	79.0	117	4.2	589
Less than a high school diploma	52	33	64.0	30	58.4	3	-	19
High school graduates, no college	844	670	79.4	638	75.6	32	4.8	174
Some college or associate degree	1,389	1,138	82.0	1,083	77.9	56	4.9	251
Bachelor's degree and higher	1,070	925	86.4	899	84.0	26	2.8	146
WWII, Korean War, and Vietnam era
Total, 25 years and over	9,372	2,654	28.3	2,522	26.9	132	5.0	6,718
Less than a high school diploma	738	111	15.1	106	14.4	5	4.7	626
High school graduates, no college	3,028	749	24.7	709	23.4	40	5.3	2,279
Some college or associate degree	2,913	894	30.7	838	28.8	55	6.2	2,019
Bachelor's degree and higher	2,693	900	33.4	869	32.3	32	3.5	1,793
Other service periods
Total, 25 years and over	5,317	2,788	52.4	2,645	49.7	143	5.1	2,529
Less than a high school diploma	330	93	28.2	87	26.5	6	6.0	237
High school graduates, no college	1,929	973	50.4	915	47.4	58	6.0	956
Some college or associate degree	1,735	971	55.9	924	53.3	47	4.8	764
Bachelor's degree and higher	1,323	751	56.8	719	54.3	32	4.3	572
NONVETERANS
Total, 25 years and over	188,217	124,025	65.9	117,812	62.6	6,213	5.0	64,191
Less than a high school diploma	22,835	10,455	45.8	9,506	41.6	949	9.1	12,380
High school graduates, no college	55,469	33,030	59.5	31,043	56.0	1,987	6.0	22,439
Some college or associate degree	48,593	33,499	68.9	31,693	65.2	1,806	5.4	15,093
Bachelor's degree and higher	61,320	47,041	76.7	45,570	74.3	1,471	3.1	14,279
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).

Table 4. Employed persons 18 years and over by occupation, sex, veteran status, and period of service, 2014 annual averages

[Percent distribution]

Occupation and sex	Veterans						Non- veterans
	Total	Gulf War era			WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	Other service periods
		Total	Gulf War era II	Gulf War era I
TOTAL
Total employed (in thousands)	10,171	5,003	2,353	2,650	2,522	2,645	134,589
Occupation as a percent of total employed
Total employed	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Management, professional, and related occupations	37.3	37.8	34.9	40.3	39.1	34.5	38.8
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	17.4	16.3	14.1	18.3	20.5	16.4	15.9
Professional and related occupations	19.8	21.4	20.8	22.0	18.6	18.1	22.9
Service occupations	14.1	15.3	16.9	14.0	12.5	13.4	17.6
Sales and office occupations	17.9	18.2	18.9	17.5	19.2	16.0	23.1
Sales and related occupations	9.4	8.9	9.2	8.6	12.5	7.6	10.6
Office and administrative support occupations	8.4	9.3	9.7	8.9	6.7	8.4	12.5
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	13.5	13.3	13.9	12.7	12.3	15.0	9.0
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.7	0.4	0.7
Construction and extraction occupations	5.8	5.1	5.5	4.8	5.6	7.3	5.2
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	7.3	7.9	8.1	7.7	6.0	7.3	3.1
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	17.3	15.5	15.5	15.5	16.9	21.1	11.6
Production occupations	7.1	6.9	7.2	6.6	5.9	8.7	5.7
Transportation and material moving occupations	10.2	8.6	8.3	8.9	11.0	12.4	5.8
MEN
Total employed (in thousands)	8,868	4,157	1,952	2,205	2,432	2,279	68,095
Occupation as a percent of total employed
Total employed	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Management, professional, and related occupations	35.5	35.1	33.4	36.7	38.9	32.4	35.1
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	17.6	16.1	14.1	17.9	20.9	16.6	16.8
Professional and related occupations	17.9	19.0	19.3	18.8	18.0	15.8	18.3
Service occupations	14.1	15.6	16.2	14.9	12.3	13.3	14.2
Sales and office occupations	16.3	16.3	16.9	15.8	18.6	13.9	16.4
Sales and related occupations	9.7	8.9	9.0	8.9	12.7	7.8	10.2
Office and administrative support occupations	6.6	7.4	7.9	6.9	5.9	6.1	6.1
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	15.2	15.6	16.4	14.8	12.8	16.9	16.9
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.7	0.4	1.1
Construction and extraction occupations	6.5	6.0	6.5	5.6	5.8	8.2	10.0
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	8.2	9.3	9.6	9.1	6.2	8.3	5.9
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	19.0	17.4	17.1	17.7	17.4	23.5	17.5
Production occupations	7.8	7.7	7.9	7.6	6.1	9.7	7.9
Transportation and material moving occupations	11.2	9.7	9.2	10.1	11.3	13.8	9.6
WOMEN
Total employed (in thousands)	1,303	847	402	445	90	366	66,494
Occupation as a percent of total employed
Total employed	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Management, professional, and related occupations	49.4	50.6	42.2	58.3	45.9	47.5	42.5
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	16.4	17.5	14.2	20.5	9.9	15.2	14.9
Professional and related occupations	33.1	33.1	28.0	37.7	36.0	32.3	27.6
Service occupations	14.4	14.4	19.9	9.3	16.8	14.1	21.1
Sales and office occupations	28.3	27.1	28.5	25.8	35.2	29.4	30.0
Sales and related occupations	7.8	8.6	10.4	7.0	6.6	6.3	11.0
Office and administrative support occupations	20.4	18.4	18.1	18.8	28.6	23.1	19.0
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	2.2	2.0	1.8	2.1	0.5	3.1	0.9
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.3
Construction and extraction occupations	1.1	0.8	0.6	1.0	0.3	1.9	0.3
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.2	0.1	0.9	0.2
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	5.7	6.0	7.7	4.5	1.6	5.9	5.5
Production occupations	2.5	2.8	4.0	1.6	1.1	2.2	3.5
Transportation and material moving occupations	3.2	3.2	3.6	2.9	0.5	3.7	2.0
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period.

Table 5. Employed persons 18 years and over by industry, class of worker, sex, veteran status, and period of service, 2014 annual averages

[Percent distribution]

Industry, class of worker, and sex	Veterans						Non- veterans
	Total	Gulf War era			WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	Other service periods
		Total	Gulf War era II	Gulf War era I
TOTAL
Total employed (in thousands)(1)	10,171	5,003	2,353	2,650	2,522	2,645	134,589
As a percent of total employed
Total employed(1)	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Agriculture and related industries	1.7	0.5	0.4	0.5	4.2	1.5	1.5
Wage and salary workers(2)	0.7	0.3	0.3	0.3	1.6	0.7	1.0
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	0.9	0.2	0.2	0.3	2.5	0.8	0.5
Nonagricultural industries	98.3	99.5	99.6	99.5	95.8	98.5	98.5
Wage and salary workers(2)	91.8	95.9	96.8	95.1	83.9	91.7	92.6
Private industries	71.1	70.9	71.7	70.2	69.9	72.7	79.1
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1.4	1.8	1.9	1.6	1.1	0.9	0.7
Construction	5.6	5.2	5.5	5.0	5.4	6.5	5.3
Manufacturing	12.5	11.6	10.6	12.5	12.2	14.7	10.0
Wholesale trade	2.7	2.3	2.4	2.2	3.2	2.9	2.4
Retail trade	8.9	8.8	8.8	8.7	9.3	8.8	10.8
Transportation and utilities	7.0	6.8	6.3	7.2	5.6	8.6	3.9
Information	2.0	2.7	2.3	3.0	1.3	1.5	1.9
Financial activities	4.4	3.9	3.6	4.1	5.5	4.2	6.3
Professional and business services	10.6	11.6	12.8	10.6	10.0	9.4	10.0
Education and health services	8.7	8.9	9.0	8.8	8.6	8.4	15.3
Leisure and hospitality	4.0	4.5	5.4	3.7	3.9	3.3	8.3
Other services	3.3	3.0	3.1	2.9	4.0	3.3	4.2
Government	20.7	25.0	25.1	24.9	14.0	19.0	13.5
Federal	8.7	12.3	13.8	10.9	4.1	6.4	2.0
State	4.6	5.0	4.4	5.4	3.7	4.9	4.3
Local	7.4	7.8	6.9	8.5	6.3	7.6	7.2
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	6.5	3.6	2.8	4.4	11.8	6.7	5.9
MEN
Total employed (in thousands)(1)	8,868	4,157	1,952	2,205	2,432	2,279	68,095
As a percent of total employed
Total employed(1)	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Agriculture and related industries	1.9	0.6	0.5	0.6	4.3	1.7	2.2
Wage and salary workers(2)	0.8	0.3	0.3	0.3	1.6	0.7	1.5
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	1.1	0.3	0.2	0.3	2.6	0.9	0.7
Nonagricultural industries	98.1	99.4	99.5	99.4	95.7	98.3	97.8
Wage and salary workers(2)	91.3	95.8	96.8	95.0	83.6	91.1	91.2
Private industries	72.0	72.1	72.5	71.7	70.1	73.9	80.9
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1.6	2.1	2.3	1.9	1.1	1.1	1.2
Construction	6.3	6.1	6.5	5.8	5.6	7.2	9.4
Manufacturing	13.6	12.9	11.5	14.3	12.4	16.2	13.5
Wholesale trade	2.9	2.5	2.6	2.4	3.2	3.0	3.2
Retail trade	8.9	8.8	8.5	9.0	9.3	8.7	10.6
Transportation and utilities	7.7	7.7	7.0	8.4	5.8	9.6	5.9
Information	2.1	2.8	2.5	3.0	1.3	1.7	2.3
Financial activities	4.2	3.7	3.5	3.8	5.5	4.0	5.5
Professional and business services	10.8	12.0	13.1	11.0	10.0	9.3	11.2
Education and health services	6.7	6.1	6.6	5.7	7.8	6.5	6.7
Leisure and hospitality	3.9	4.3	5.0	3.7	3.9	3.2	7.8
Other services	3.4	3.0	3.4	2.6	4.0	3.5	3.8
Government	19.3	23.8	24.3	23.3	13.6	17.2	10.3
Federal	7.9	11.2	12.7	9.9	4.0	6.1	1.8
State	4.2	4.8	4.6	4.9	3.6	4.1	3.2
Local	7.1	7.8	7.0	8.5	6.0	7.0	5.3
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	6.8	3.6	2.7	4.4	12.0	7.2	6.6
WOMEN
Total employed (in thousands)(1)	1,303	847	402	445	90	366	66,494
As a percent of total employed
Total employed(1)	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Agriculture and related industries	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.1	1.1	0.6	0.8
Wage and salary workers(2)	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.1	0.5	0.5
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.3
Nonagricultural industries	99.7	100.0	100.0	99.9	98.9	99.4	99.2
Wage and salary workers(2)	95.8	96.3	97.0	95.6	91.5	95.6	94.1
Private industries	65.3	65.2	67.8	62.8	66.2	65.4	77.3
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.2
Construction	1.1	0.7	0.5	0.9	0.3	2.2	1.1
Manufacturing	5.2	5.0	6.4	3.6	5.6	5.8	6.3
Wholesale trade	1.6	1.2	1.3	1.0	2.8	2.1	1.6
Retail trade	9.2	8.9	10.3	7.7	9.8	9.8	11.0
Transportation and utilities	2.0	1.9	2.9	1.1	0.0	2.5	1.9
Information	1.5	2.1	1.2	2.8	0.3	0.4	1.5
Financial activities	5.1	4.8	4.1	5.5	4.8	6.0	7.2
Professional and business services	9.7	9.8	11.2	8.5	7.8	10.0	8.8
Education and health services	22.2	22.3	20.5	24.0	27.9	20.5	24.1
Leisure and hospitality	4.8	5.3	7.3	3.5	2.9	4.0	9.0
Other services	2.9	3.1	2.1	4.0	3.9	2.2	4.7
Government	30.5	31.1	29.2	32.8	25.4	30.2	16.7
Federal	14.2	17.4	19.0	16.0	5.9	8.8	2.1
State	7.1	5.9	3.7	8.0	6.4	10.0	5.5
Local	9.2	7.7	6.5	8.9	13.1	11.4	9.1
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	4.0	3.7	3.0	4.3	7.3	3.7	5.1
Footnotes (1) Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers, not shown separately. (2) Includes self-employed workers whose business are incorporated.
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period.

Table 6A. Employment status of veterans 18 years and over by state, 2014 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

State	Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force						Not in labor force
		Total	Percent of population	Employed		Unemployed
				Total	Percent of population	Total	Percent of labor force
TOTAL VETERANS
Total, 18 years and over	21,229	10,744	50.6	10,171	47.9	573	5.3	10,485
Alabama	346	170	49.1	160	46.3	9	5.6	176
Alaska	74	47	64.0	45	60.2	3	5.9	27
Arizona	540	285	52.7	268	49.7	16	5.7	256
Arkansas	209	83	39.6	78	37.2	5	6.0	127
California	1,815	871	48.0	806	44.4	64	7.4	944
Colorado	419	232	55.5	219	52.3	14	5.9	186
Connecticut	192	92	48.1	88	46.0	4	4.2	100
Delaware	70	32	45.7	30	42.9	2	6.1	38
District of Columbia	27	15	56.9	14	52.7	1	7.5	12
Florida	1,579	806	51.0	766	48.5	40	5.0	774
Georgia	714	405	56.8	374	52.5	31	7.6	308
Hawaii	100	49	48.7	46	46.3	2	5.1	51
Idaho	127	58	45.6	57	44.6	1	2.3	69
Illinois	703	343	48.7	318	45.3	24	7.0	360
Indiana	489	258	52.8	244	49.9	14	5.6	231
Iowa	225	125	55.5	119	53.2	5	4.2	100
Kansas	216	117	54.4	109	50.7	8	6.8	98
Kentucky	298	135	45.4	129	43.3	6	4.6	163
Louisiana	316	170	53.7	165	52.0	5	3.1	147
Maine	126	62	49.2	59	46.7	3	5.0	64
Maryland	403	222	55.1	203	50.4	19	8.5	181
Massachusetts	381	171	44.8	163	42.7	8	4.7	210
Michigan	687	289	42.0	271	39.4	18	6.3	398
Minnesota	359	176	49.1	168	46.7	9	4.9	183
Mississippi	198	97	48.8	93	46.9	4	3.9	102
Missouri	501	239	47.8	226	45.1	14	5.7	261
Montana	97	48	49.6	45	46.7	3	5.8	49
Nebraska	134	74	55.4	71	53.1	3	4.1	60
Nevada	256	135	52.8	126	49.1	10	7.1	121
New Hampshire	113	61	54.0	59	52.0	2	3.8	52
New Jersey	396	165	41.7	152	38.4	13	7.9	231
New Mexico	182	81	44.8	77	42.4	4	5.3	100
New York	894	392	43.9	370	41.3	23	5.8	502
North Carolina	700	366	52.2	347	49.5	19	5.2	334
North Dakota	51	31	60.9	31	60.1	0	1.4	20
Ohio	804	395	49.1	383	47.6	12	3.1	409
Oklahoma	300	157	52.2	150	50.1	6	4.0	143
Oregon	359	168	46.8	156	43.5	12	7.1	191
Pennsylvania	881	410	46.5	390	44.3	19	4.7	472
Rhode Island	72	34	47.6	32	44.7	2	5.9	38
South Carolina	402	192	47.7	185	46.0	7	3.5	210
South Dakota	68	38	55.5	37	53.5	1	3.7	30
Tennessee	553	282	51.0	269	48.7	13	4.5	271
Texas	1,642	927	56.5	889	54.2	38	4.1	714
Utah	141	77	54.4	73	51.7	4	4.9	64
Vermont	46	22	47.7	22	46.6	0	2.2	24
Virginia	785	508	64.8	492	62.7	17	3.2	276
Washington	625	324	51.9	303	48.5	21	6.4	301
West Virginia	155	67	43.1	64	40.9	3	4.9	88
Wisconsin	403	209	51.8	200	49.7	9	4.1	194
Wyoming	55	31	56.3	30	53.9	1	4.3	24
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey.

Table 6B. Employment status of nonveterans 18 years and over by state, 2014 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

State	Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force						Not in labor force
		Total	Percent of population	Employed		Unemployed
				Total	Percent of population	Total	Percent of labor force
TOTAL NONVETERANS
Total, 18 years and over	217,820	143,207	65.7	134,589	61.8	8,618	6.0	74,613
Alabama	3,299	1,978	60.0	1,844	55.9	135	6.8	1,321
Alaska	450	317	70.4	295	65.5	22	7.0	133
Arizona	4,419	2,771	62.7	2,580	58.4	191	6.9	1,648
Arkansas	1,992	1,192	59.8	1,122	56.3	70	5.9	800
California	27,007	17,654	65.4	16,359	60.6	1,295	7.3	9,353
Colorado	3,564	2,544	71.4	2,430	68.2	115	4.5	1,019
Connecticut	2,567	1,779	69.3	1,663	64.8	116	6.5	788
Delaware	637	414	65.0	391	61.3	24	5.7	223
District of Columbia	503	360	71.6	332	66.0	28	7.8	143
Florida	13,815	8,742	63.3	8,196	59.3	546	6.3	5,072
Georgia	6,652	4,262	64.1	3,964	59.6	298	7.0	2,390
Hawaii	941	613	65.2	588	62.5	26	4.2	327
Idaho	1,039	697	67.1	665	64.0	32	4.5	342
Illinois	8,977	6,078	67.7	5,667	63.1	410	6.8	2,899
Indiana	4,418	2,940	66.6	2,766	62.6	174	5.9	1,478
Iowa	2,117	1,547	73.1	1,478	69.8	69	4.4	570
Kansas	1,906	1,359	71.3	1,302	68.3	58	4.2	547
Kentucky	3,021	1,844	61.0	1,726	57.2	117	6.4	1,177
Louisiana	3,126	1,975	63.2	1,846	59.1	128	6.5	1,151
Maine	939	626	66.6	592	63.0	34	5.5	313
Maryland	4,127	2,846	69.0	2,693	65.3	153	5.4	1,281
Massachusetts	4,845	3,310	68.3	3,126	64.5	184	5.6	1,535
Michigan	6,893	4,379	63.5	4,073	59.1	306	7.0	2,514
Minnesota	3,742	2,736	73.1	2,631	70.3	105	3.8	1,006
Mississippi	1,971	1,122	56.9	1,034	52.5	88	7.8	849
Missouri	4,035	2,746	68.1	2,576	63.8	170	6.2	1,289
Montana	687	470	68.4	449	65.4	21	4.4	217
Nebraska	1,250	921	73.7	893	71.5	28	3.0	329
Nevada	1,867	1,245	66.7	1,151	61.6	94	7.6	622
New Hampshire	932	664	71.2	637	68.4	27	4.0	268
New Jersey	6,379	4,290	67.2	4,009	62.8	281	6.5	2,090
New Mexico	1,363	826	60.6	769	56.4	57	6.9	538
New York	14,282	9,034	63.3	8,472	59.3	563	6.2	5,247
North Carolina	6,702	4,212	62.8	3,965	59.2	247	5.9	2,490
North Dakota	509	383	75.2	373	73.2	11	2.8	126
Ohio	7,955	5,219	65.6	4,935	62.0	284	5.4	2,736
Oklahoma	2,544	1,600	62.9	1,530	60.1	70	4.4	944
Oregon	2,706	1,750	64.7	1,633	60.4	117	6.7	955
Pennsylvania	8,997	5,868	65.2	5,541	61.6	327	5.6	3,129
Rhode Island	748	509	68.1	471	63.0	38	7.6	238
South Carolina	3,262	1,997	61.2	1,869	57.3	128	6.4	1,265
South Dakota	559	404	72.3	391	70.0	13	3.2	155
Tennessee	4,372	2,698	61.7	2,521	57.7	176	6.5	1,675
Texas	17,568	11,969	68.1	11,379	64.8	591	4.9	5,599
Utah	1,868	1,313	70.3	1,266	67.8	47	3.6	555
Vermont	449	319	71.1	306	68.2	13	4.1	130
Virginia	5,485	3,766	68.7	3,570	65.1	196	5.2	1,719
Washington	4,707	3,121	66.3	2,933	62.3	187	6.0	1,586
West Virginia	1,293	723	55.9	676	52.3	48	6.6	570
Wisconsin	3,949	2,802	71.0	2,651	67.1	151	5.4	1,147
Wyoming	387	274	70.9	263	68.0	11	4.1	113
NOTE: Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces.

Table 7. Employment status of veterans 18 years and over by presence of service-connected disability, reported disability rating,
period of service, and sex, August 2014, not seasonally adjusted
 
(Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                     Civilian labor force                                 
                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                          
   Presence of disability, reported disability      Civilian                               Employed             Unemployed        Not in  
                     rating,                        noninsti-                                                                      labor  
            period of service, and sex              tutional               Percent                                                 force  
                                                   population    Total       of                  Percent               Percent            
                                                                         population    Total       of        Total       of               
                                                                                               population               labor             
                                                                                                                        force             
                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                          
                      TOTAL                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                          
                     VETERANS                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................   21,124     10,667      50.5      10,070      47.7         598       5.6      10,457  
With service-connected disability.................    3,435      1,548      45.1       1,456      42.4          92       5.9       1,887  
  Less than 30 percent disability rating..........    1,126        563      50.0         538      47.8          25       4.5         563  
  30 to 50 percent disability rating..............      785        462      58.9         439      55.9          23       5.0         323  
  60 percent or higher disability rating..........    1,200        391      32.6         358      29.8          33       8.5         809  
  Disability rating not reported..................      324        132      40.7         121      37.5          10       7.9         192  
Without service-connected disability..............   13,692      6,848      50.0       6,441      47.0         407       5.9       6,845  
Presence of disability not reported...............    3,997      2,272      56.8       2,173      54.4          99       4.4       1,725  
                                                                                                                                          
               Gulf War era, total                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................    6,507      5,272      81.0       4,946      76.0         327       6.2       1,235  
With service-connected disability.................    1,512      1,127      74.5       1,060      70.1          67       5.9         385  
  Less than 30 percent disability rating..........      397        326      82.1         308      77.6          18       5.5          71  
  30 to 50 percent disability rating..............      441        369      83.6         358      81.1          11       3.0          72  
  60 percent or higher disability rating..........      523        330      63.0         300      57.4          30       9.0         193  
  Disability rating not reported..................      150        102      67.8          94      62.6           8       7.6          48  
Without service-connected disability..............    3,477      3,007      86.5       2,808      80.8         199       6.6         469  
Presence of disability not reported...............    1,519      1,138      74.9       1,078      70.9          61       5.3         381  
                                                                                                                                          
                 Gulf War era II                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................    3,154      2,484      78.8       2,282      72.4         201       8.1         670  
With service-connected disability.................      928        697      75.1         633      68.2          64       9.1         231  
  Less than 30 percent disability rating..........      196        160      81.6         143      72.8          17      10.7          36  
  30 to 50 percent disability rating..............      254        216      85.3         205      80.8          11       5.2          37  
  60 percent or higher disability rating..........      383        257      67.1         228      59.4          29      11.4         126  
  Disability rating not reported..................       95         63      67.0          57      60.7           6       (1)          31  
Without service-connected disability..............    1,493      1,278      85.6       1,178      78.9         100       7.8         215  
Presence of disability not reported...............      733        509      69.4         471      64.3          38       7.4         224  
                                                                                                                                          
                  Gulf War era I                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................    3,353      2,789      83.2       2,663      79.4         125       4.5         565  
With service-connected disability.................      584        430      73.6         427      73.1           3        .7         154  
  Less than 30 percent disability rating..........      201        166      82.7         165      82.3           1        .5          35  
  30 to 50 percent disability rating..............      188        153      81.4         153      81.4         -          -           35  
  60 percent or higher disability rating..........      140         73      52.0          72      51.7         -         (1)          67  
  Disability rating not reported..................       56         38       (1)          37       (1)           2       (1)          17  
Without service-connected disability..............    1,984      1,729      87.2       1,630      82.2         100       5.8         254  
Presence of disability not reported...............      786        629      80.1         606      77.2          23       3.6         157  
                                                                                                                                          
        WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................    9,321      2,651      28.4       2,507      26.9         144       5.4       6,670  
With service-connected disability.................    1,416        198      14.0         186      13.1          12       6.0       1,218  
  Less than 30 percent disability rating..........      501        103      20.5         101      20.2           2       1.6         399  
  30 to 50 percent disability rating..............      230         38      16.6          34      14.7           4       (1)         192  
  60 percent or higher disability rating..........      567         45       7.9          41       7.3           3       (1)         523  
  Disability rating not reported..................      118         12      10.2           9       8.0           3       (1)         106  
Without service-connected disability..............    6,374      1,858      29.2       1,751      27.5         107       5.8       4,515  
Presence of disability not reported...............    1,531        595      38.9         571      37.3          25       4.1         936  
                                                                                                                                          
              Other service periods                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................    5,296      2,744      51.8       2,617      49.4         127       4.6       2,552  
With service-connected disability.................      507        224      44.1         210      41.5          13       6.0         284  
  Less than 30 percent disability rating..........      228        134      59.1         129      56.6           6       4.1          93  
  30 to 50 percent disability rating..............      115         55      48.5          48      41.7           8       (1)          59  
  60 percent or higher disability rating..........      109         16      14.6          16      14.6         -         (1)          93  
  Disability rating not reported..................       56         18       (1)          18       (1)         -         (1)          38  
Without service-connected disability..............    3,842      1,982      51.6       1,882      49.0         100       5.0       1,860  
Presence of disability not reported...............      946        538      56.9         524      55.4          14       2.6         408  
                                                                                                                                          
                       MEN                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                          
                     VETERANS                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................   18,870      9,300      49.3       8,784      46.5         516       5.5       9,570  
With service-connected disability.................    3,045      1,299      42.7       1,223      40.2          76       5.9       1,746  
  Less than 30 percent disability rating..........    1,032        493      47.8         474      45.9          20       4.0         539  
  30 to 50 percent disability rating..............      689        386      56.1         368      53.4          19       4.8         302  
  60 percent or higher disability rating..........    1,055        319      30.3         292      27.6          28       8.7         735  
  Disability rating not reported..................      269        100      37.2          90      33.3          10      10.4         169  
Without service-connected disability..............   12,368      6,040      48.8       5,689      46.0         351       5.8       6,328  
Presence of disability not reported...............    3,457      1,960      56.7       1,872      54.2          88       4.5       1,497  
                                                                                                                                          
               Gulf War era, total                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................    5,201      4,361      83.8       4,090      78.6         271       6.2         840  
With service-connected disability.................    1,208        899      74.4         848      70.2          51       5.7         309  
  Less than 30 percent disability rating..........      322        266      82.5         254      78.7          12       4.7          56  
  30 to 50 percent disability rating..............      356        300      84.4         294      82.6           7       2.2          56  
  60 percent or higher disability rating..........      418        262      62.7         238      56.9          24       9.3         156  
  Disability rating not reported..................      113         71      62.8          63      55.9           8       (1)          42  
Without service-connected disability..............    2,817      2,518      89.4       2,359      83.7         159       6.3         299  
Presence of disability not reported...............    1,175        944      80.3         883      75.1          61       6.4         232  
                                                                                                                                          
                 Gulf War era II                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................    2,464      2,009      81.5       1,843      74.8         165       8.2         455  
With service-connected disability.................      728        545      74.8         497      68.2          48       8.8         183  
  Less than 30 percent disability rating..........      144        122      84.6         111      76.6          12       9.5          22  
  30 to 50 percent disability rating..............      210        178      84.7         171      81.6           7       3.7          32  
  60 percent or higher disability rating..........      305        200      65.8         177      57.9          24      12.0         104  
  Disability rating not reported..................       69         44       (1)          38       (1)           6       (1)          25  
Without service-connected disability..............    1,190      1,057      88.8         977      82.1          80       7.5         133  
Presence of disability not reported...............      545        407      74.6         369      67.7          38       9.3         139  
                                                                                                                                          
                  Gulf War era I                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................    2,737      2,352      85.9       2,247      82.1         105       4.5         385  
With service-connected disability.................      480        354      73.8         351      73.2           3        .9         126  
  Less than 30 percent disability rating..........      178        144      80.9         143      80.4           1        .6          34  
  30 to 50 percent disability rating..............      146        122      83.9         122      83.9         -          -           23  
  60 percent or higher disability rating..........      113         62      54.6          61      54.3         -         (1)          51  
  Disability rating not reported..................       43         26       (1)          25       (1)           2       (1)          17  
Without service-connected disability..............    1,627      1,461      89.8       1,382      84.9          79       5.4         166  
Presence of disability not reported...............      630        537      85.2         514      81.6          23       4.3          93  
                                                                                                                                          
        WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................    8,971      2,555      28.5       2,411      26.9         144       5.6       6,416  
With service-connected disability.................    1,379        191      13.8         179      13.0          12       6.2       1,188  
  Less than 30 percent disability rating..........      499        103      20.5         101      20.2           2       1.6         397  
  30 to 50 percent disability rating..............      227         35      15.5          31      13.6           4       (1)         192  
  60 percent or higher disability rating..........      543         41       7.6          38       7.0           3       (1)         501  
  Disability rating not reported..................      110         12      10.9           9       8.5           3       (1)          98  
Without service-connected disability..............    6,117      1,798      29.4       1,690      27.6         107       6.0       4,320  
Presence of disability not reported...............    1,475        567      38.4         542      36.8          25       4.3         908  
                                                                                                                                          
              Other service periods                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................    4,698      2,384      50.7       2,282      48.6         101       4.3       2,314  
With service-connected disability.................      458        209      45.7         196      42.8          13       6.4         249  
  Less than 30 percent disability rating..........      211        125      59.1         119      56.5           6       4.4          86  
  30 to 50 percent disability rating..............      106         51      48.0          43      40.7           8       (1)          55  
  60 percent or higher disability rating..........       94         16      16.9          16      16.9         -         (1)          78  
  Disability rating not reported..................       46         17       (1)          17       (1)         -         (1)          29  
Without service-connected disability..............    3,434      1,725      50.2       1,640      47.8          85       4.9       1,709  
Presence of disability not reported...............      806        450      55.8         447      55.4           3        .7         357  
                                                                                                                                          
                      WOMEN                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                          
                     VETERANS                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................    2,254      1,368      60.7       1,286      57.1          82       6.0         886  
With service-connected disability.................      390        249      63.8         233      59.8          16       6.3         141  
  Less than 30 percent disability rating..........       93         70      74.7          64      68.9           5       (1)          24  
  30 to 50 percent disability rating..............       97         76      78.7          71      73.9           5       6.1          21  
  60 percent or higher disability rating..........      145         71      49.1          66      45.3           5       (1)          74  
  Disability rating not reported..................       54         32       (1)          32       (1)         -         (1)          23  
Without service-connected disability..............    1,325        807      61.0         752      56.8          55       6.8         517  
Presence of disability not reported...............      540        312      57.7         301      55.7          11       3.5         228  
                                                                                                                                          
               Gulf War era, total                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................    1,306        911      69.8         856      65.5          56       6.1         395  
With service-connected disability.................      303        228      75.0         212      69.9          16       6.9          76  
Without service-connected disability..............      659        489      74.2         449      68.1          40       8.2         170  
Presence of disability not reported...............      343        195      56.6         195      56.6         -          -          149  
                                                                                                                                          
                 Gulf War era II                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................      690        475      68.8         439      63.6          36       7.6         215  
With service-connected disability.................      199        152      76.1         136      68.3          16      10.3          48  
Without service-connected disability..............      303        221      72.9         201      66.3          20       9.2          82  
Presence of disability not reported...............      188        102      54.4         102      54.4         -         (1)          85  
                                                                                                                                          
                  Gulf War era I                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................      616        437      70.9         417      67.6          20       4.6         180  
With service-connected disability.................      104         76      72.9          76      72.9         -          -           28  
Without service-connected disability..............      356        268      75.3         248      69.7          20       7.5          88  
Presence of disability not reported...............      156         92      59.3          92      59.3         -          -           63  
                                                                                                                                          
        WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................      350         96      27.4          96      27.4         -          -          254  
With service-connected disability.................       37          7       (1)           7       (1)         -         (1)          30  
Without service-connected disability..............      256         60      23.6          60      23.6         -         (1)         196  
Presence of disability not reported...............       56         28       (1)          28       (1)         -         (1)          28  
                                                                                                                                          
              Other service periods                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                          
  Total...........................................      598        361      60.3         335      56.0          26       7.1         237  
With service-connected disability.................       49         15       (1)          15       (1)         -         (1)          35  
Without service-connected disability..............      409        258      63.0         243      59.3          15       5.8         151  
Presence of disability not reported...............      140         89      63.3          78      55.6          11      12.2          51  

  1 Rates not shown where the base is less than 75,000. Small estimated levels are based on a small number of survey responses and, thus,
are subject to relatively large standard errors.
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey.
  Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era
I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December
1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most
recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in
both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. A service-connected disability is a health
condition or impairment caused or made worse by military service. The associated disability rating, which can range from 0 to 100 percent,
is determined from a rating schedule published in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, "Title 38." More information appears in the
Technical Note of this release. Dash represents or rounds to zero.

Table 8. Employed persons 18 years and over by veteran status, presence of service-connected disability, period of service,
and class of worker, August 2014, not seasonally adjusted
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                 Percent distribution by class of worker                        
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                   Nonagricultural industries                   
                                                                                                                                                
                                                 Total                                                                                          
 Veteran status, presence of disability, and   employed                                           Wage and salary workers (1)                   
              period of service               (thousands)           Agriculture                                                          Self-  
                                                            Total       and                                                            employed,
                                                                      related                                   Government              unicor- 
                                                                    industries    Total                                                porated, 
                                                                                            Private                                   and unpaid
                                                                                            sector                            State     family  
                                                                                                        Total     Federal      and      workers 
                                                                                                                              local             
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
Veterans, total (2)..........................   10,070     100.0        1.7       98.3       72.2       19.3        8.5       10.8        6.8   
  With service-connected disability..........    1,456     100.0        2.1       97.9       63.1       30.8       21.2        9.7        4.0   
  Without service-connected disability.......    6,441     100.0        1.9       98.1       73.5       17.5        5.8       11.6        7.2   
                                                                                                                                                
  Gulf War era, total (2)....................    4,946     100.0         .7       99.3       70.7       24.4       11.7       12.7        4.2   
    With service-connected disability........    1,060     100.0        1.0       99.0       62.0       33.7       23.3       10.4        3.3   
    Without service-connected disability.....    2,808     100.0         .5       99.5       73.1       22.2        7.9       14.3        4.1   
                                                                                                                                                
    Gulf War era II (2)......................    2,282     100.0         .6       99.4       70.5       25.0       13.5       11.5        3.9   
      With service-connected disability......      633     100.0        1.1       98.9       60.9       34.1       22.5       11.6        3.9   
      Without service-connected disability...    1,178     100.0         .3       99.7       73.7       21.5        8.6       12.8        4.5   
                                                                                                                                                
    Gulf War era I (2).......................    2,663     100.0         .7       99.3       71.0       23.9       10.1       13.7        4.4   
      With service-connected disability......      427     100.0         .9       99.1       63.6       33.1       24.4        8.6        2.5   
      Without service-connected disability...    1,630     100.0         .6       99.4       72.8       22.8        7.3       15.4        3.8   
                                                                                                                                                
  WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era (2).....    2,507     100.0        4.3       95.7       72.5       11.6        4.2        7.4       11.6   
    With service-connected disability........      186     100.0        6.8       93.2       67.9       15.3        9.2        6.2       10.0   
    Without service-connected disability.....    1,751     100.0        5.1       94.9       71.1       12.2        3.7        8.5       11.6   
                                                                                                                                                
  Other service periods (2)..................    2,617     100.0        1.2       98.8       74.5       17.2        6.6       10.6        7.1   
    With service-connected disability........      210     100.0        3.6       96.4       64.6       30.0       21.0        9.0        1.8   
    Without service-connected disability.....    1,882     100.0        1.0       99.0       76.2       15.3        4.8       10.6        7.5   
                                                                                                                                                
Nonveterans..................................  134,922     100.0        1.6       98.4       79.5       13.0        1.9       11.1        5.8   
   
  1 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
  2 Includes veterans who did not report presence of disability.
  NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey.
Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of
service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War
(July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted
in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most
recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. A service-connected
disability is a health condition or impairment caused or made worse by military service. The associated disability rating, which can range from
0 to 100 percent, is determined from a rating schedule published in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, "Title 38." More information appears
in the Technical Note of this release. Dash represents or rounds to zero.

Table 9. Employment status of Gulf War-era veterans by Reserve or National Guard status, August 2014, not seasonally adjusted
  
(Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                         Civilian labor force                                 
                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                              
                                                        Civilian                               Employed             Unemployed        Not in  
                Period of service and                   noninsti-                                                                      labor  
           Reserve or National Guard status             tutional               Percent                                                 force  
                                                       population    Total       of                  Percent               Percent            
                                                                             population    Total       of        Total       of               
                                                                                                   population               labor             
                                                                                                                            force             
                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                              
                       VETERANS                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                              
                 Gulf War era, total                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                              
  Total...............................................     6,507      5,272     81.0        4,946     76.0          327      6.2        1,235 
Current or past member of Reserve or National Guard...     1,845      1,552     84.1        1,470     79.7           82      5.3          293 
Never a member of Reserve or National Guard ..........     3,151      2,577     81.8        2,392     75.9          185      7.2          574 
Reserve or National Guard membership not reported.....     1,511      1,143     75.7        1,084     71.7           59      5.2          368 
                                                                                                                                              
                   Gulf War era II                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                              
  Total...............................................     3,154      2,484     78.8        2,282     72.4          201      8.1          670 
Current or past member of Reserve or National Guard...       980        848     86.5          795     81.1           53      6.2          132 
Never a member of Reserve or National Guard ..........     1,454      1,131     77.8        1,019     70.1          112      9.9          323 
Reserve or National Guard membership not reported.....       720        505     70.1          468     65.1           36      7.2          215 
                                                                                                                                              
                    Gulf War era I                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                              
  Total...............................................     3,353      2,789     83.2        2,663     79.4          125      4.5          565 
Current or past member of Reserve or National Guard...       864        704     81.4          674     78.0           30      4.2          160 
Never a member of Reserve or National Guard ..........     1,698      1,446     85.2        1,373     80.9           73      5.1          252 
Reserve or National Guard membership not reported.....       791        639     80.7          616     77.8           23      3.6          153 
 
  NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. The
Gulf War era began in August 1990 and continues to the present day. It is divided into two periods of service: Gulf War era II (September
2001-present) and Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001).  Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent period.
Data do not include Reserve and National Guard members who have never been called to Active Duty.

Table 10. Employment status of Gulf War-era II veterans 18 years and over by location of service, August 2014, not seasonally adjusted
 
(Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                     Civilian labor force                                 
                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                          
                                                    Civilian                               Employed             Unemployed        Not in  
          Period of service and location            noninsti-                                                                      labor  
                                                    tutional               Percent                                                 force  
                                                   population    Total       of                  Percent               Percent            
                                                                         population      Total     of          Total     of               
                                                                                               population               labor             
                                                                                                                        force             
                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                          
Total, Gulf War-era II veterans...................     3,154      2,484     78.8        2,282     72.4          201      8.1          670 
  Served in Iraq, Afghanistan, or both(1).........     1,138        890     78.2          815     71.6           75      8.4          248 
    Served in Iraq(2).............................       955        759     79.5          706     73.9           54      7.1          195 
    Served in Afghanistan(3)......................       444        338     76.3          303     68.2           36     10.5          105 
    Served in both locations(4)...................       260        208     79.8          193     74.2           14      6.9           53 
  Served elsewhere................................     1,403      1,166     83.1        1,075     76.6           91      7.8          238 
  Location of service not reported................       612        428     69.9          392     64.1           36      8.3          184 
 
  1 Refers to veterans who served in Iraq at anytime since March 2003 and veterans who served in Afghanistan at anytime since October
2001. Also includes veterans who served in both countries.
  2 Includes all veterans who served in Iraq at any time since March 2003, whether or not they also served in Afghanistan.
  3 Includes all veterans who served in Afghanistan at any time since October 2001, whether or not they also served in Iraq.
  4 Veterans who served in both Iraq and Afghanistan during the designated dates are also included in the totals of each location above.
  NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey.
Gulf War-era II veterans served anywhere in the world at any time since September 2001.