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Economic News Release
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Employment Situation of Veterans News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, March 22, 2016                         USDL-16-0611

Technical information:  (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                    EMPLOYMENT SITUATION OF VETERANS -- 2015


The unemployment rate for veterans who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed 
Forces at any time since September 2001--a group referred to as Gulf War-era II 
veterans--declined by 1.4 percentage points over the year to 5.8 percent in 2015, 
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The jobless rate for all 
veterans, at 4.6 percent, also declined from a year earlier. About 33 percent of
Gulf War-era II veterans reported having a service-connected disability in August
2015, compared with 20 percent of all veterans.

This information was obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a monthly 
sample survey of about 60,000 households that provides data on employment and
unemployment in the United States. Data about veterans are collected monthly in
the CPS; those monthly data are the source of the 2015 annual averages presented in
this news release. In August 2015, a supplement to the CPS collected additional 
information about veterans on topics such as service-connected disability and 
veterans' current or past Reserve or National Guard membership. Information from 
the supplement is also presented in this release. The supplement was co-sponsored 
by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and by the U.S. Department of Labor's 
Veterans' Employment and Training Service. For more information, see the Technical
Note, which provides definitions of terms used in this release. 

Estimates from the August 2015 veterans supplement shown in tables 7 through 10
of this release reflect a change in the weighting methodology. See the note at
the end of this news release for more information.

Highlights from the 2015 data:

--The unemployment rate for male veterans overall was lower than the rate 
  for female veterans in 2015. The unemployment rate for male veterans 
  declined to 4.5 percent. The rate for female veterans changed little at 
  5.4 percent. (See table A.)

--Among the 495,000 unemployed veterans in 2015, 57 percent were age 45 
  and over. About 37 percent were age 25 to 44, and 5 percent were age 18 
  to 24. (See table 2A.)

--Veterans with a service-connected disability had an unemployment rate of 
  5.4 percent in August 2015, not statistically different from veterans 
  with no disability. (See table 7.)

--More than 1 in 3 employed veterans with a service-connected disability 
  worked in the public sector in August 2015, compared with about 1 in 5 
  veterans with no disability. (See table 8.)

--In 2015, the unemployment rate of veterans varied across the country, 
  ranging from 1.9 percent in Iowa to 7.7 percent in the District of 
  Columbia. (See table 6A.)

The Veteran Population

In 2015, 21.2 million men and women were veterans, accounting for about 9 percent 
of the civilian noninstitutional population age 18 and over. In the survey, 
veterans are defined as men and women who have previously served on active duty in 
the U.S. Armed Forces and who were civilians at the time these data were collected. 
Veterans are more likely to be men and older than nonveterans. In part, this 
reflects the characteristics of veterans who served during World War II, the Korean 
War, and the Vietnam era. Veterans who served during these wartime periods 
accounted for 42 percent (8.9 million) of the total veteran population in 2015. 
One-third of veterans (7.0 million) served during Gulf War era I (August 1990 to 
August 2001) or Gulf War era II (September 2001 forward). Another quarter 
(5.3 million) served outside the designated wartime periods. About 9 percent of 
all veterans are women. (See table 1.)

Gulf War-era II Veterans

In 2015, there were 3.6 million veterans who had served during Gulf War era II. 
Eighteen percent of these veterans were women, compared with about 4 percent of 
veterans from World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam era. Nearly half of 
all Gulf War-era II veterans were between the ages of 25 and 34. 
(See tables 1 and 2A.)

Among Gulf War-era II veterans, the unemployment rate for men was not statistically 
different from the rate for women in 2015. The unemployment rate for men was 5.7
percent in 2015, down from 6.9 percent in 2014. The unemployment rate for women, 
at 6.4 percent in 2015, was not statistically different from the prior year 
(8.5 percent). (See table A.)

The unemployment rate for male Gulf War-era II veterans (5.7 percent) was little 
different than the rate for male nonveterans (5.3 percent) in 2015. For most age 
groups, unemployment rates of male veterans and nonveterans were not statistically 
different. Among men age 25 to 34, Gulf War-era II veterans had a higher unemployment
rate (6.8 percent) than did nonveterans (5.4 percent). Among men age 45 to 54,
however, Gulf War-era II veterans had a lower unemployment rate (2.6 percent)
than did nonveterans (3.7 percent). (See table 2B.)

Among women, the unemployment rate for Gulf War-era II veterans (6.4 percent) was 
not statistically different from the rate for nonveterans (5.0 percent) in 2015. 
By age, unemployment rates for female veterans and nonveterans were similar. 
(See table 2C.)

A higher proportion of employed Gulf War-era II veterans worked in the public sector 
in 2015 than employed nonveterans--26 percent and 14 percent, respectively. Among the 
employed, 14 percent of Gulf War-era II veterans worked for the federal government, 
compared with 2 percent of nonveterans. (See table 5.)

In August 2015, 46 percent of Gulf War-era II veterans reported serving in Iraq, 
Afghanistan, or both locations. These veterans had an unemployment rate of 4.4 
percent, not statistically different from Gulf War-era II veterans who served 
elsewhere (5.5 percent). (Beginning with data for August 2015, these estimates 
from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology; see 
the note at the end of this news release.) (See table 10.)

Gulf War-era I Veterans

Of the 3.4 million veterans who served during Gulf War era I (August 1990 to August 
2001), the proportion who were women (15 percent in 2015) was similar to that of 
Gulf War-era II veterans (18 percent). Almost all (97 percent) Gulf War-era I 
veterans were age 35 and over in 2015, compared with 46 percent of Gulf War-era 
II veterans. (See tables 1 and 2A.)

In 2015, the unemployment rate for male Gulf War-era I veterans was 3.5 percent, 
lower than the rate for their Gulf War-era II veteran counterparts (5.7 percent). 
The difference in the unemployment rates reflects, at least in part, the older age
profile of veterans who served during Gulf War era I. Younger people--whether
veterans or nonveterans--tend to have higher unemployment rates than older people.
Among women, the rates for Gulf War-era I veterans (5.5 percent) and Gulf 
War-era II veterans (6.4 percent) were not statistically different. 
(See tables 2B and 2C.)

Veterans of Other Service Periods

In 2015, 5.3 million veterans had served on active duty during "other service 
periods," mainly between the Korean War and the Vietnam era and between the Vietnam 
era and Gulf War era I. All veterans for this period of service were 40 years or 
older at the time of the survey. Thirty percent of these veterans were age 45 to 
54 in 2015, another 29 percent were age 55 to 64, and another 40 percent were age 
65 and over. (See table 2A.)

In 2015, 9 in 10 veterans of other service periods were men. Among veterans of other 
service periods, the unemployment rate for men was 4.5 percent, higher than the rate 
of 3.3 percent for women. (See table 1.)

Veterans with a Service-connected Disability 	

In August 2015, about 4.3 million veterans, or 20 percent of the total, had a 
service-connected disability. (Beginning with data for August 2015, these estimates 
from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology. This 
change resulted in a higher estimate of veterans with a service-connected disability 
than in past years. See the note at the end of this news release for more information 
about the change in methodology.) Veterans with a service-connected disability are
assigned a disability rating by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs or the U.S.
Department of Defense. Ratings range from 0 to 100 percent, in increments of 10
percentage points, depending on the severity of the condition. (See table 7.)

The unemployment rate for veterans with a service-connected disability was 
5.4 percent in August 2015, not statistically different from those with no 
disability (4.3 percent). The labor force participation rate for veterans with 
a service-connected disability (45.8 percent) was lower than the rate for those 
with no disability (51.2 percent). 

Among veterans with a service-connected disability, about 29 percent reported a 
disability rating of less than 30 percent, while another 37 percent had a rating 
of 60 percent or higher. In August 2015, veterans with a service-connected 
disability rating of less than 30 percent were much more likely to be in the labor 
force than those with a rating of 60 percent or higher (53.6 percent and 30.7 
percent, respectively). The unemployment rate for veterans with a disability rating 
of less than 30 percent was 4.0 percent, much lower than for those with a 
disability rating of 60 percent or higher (9.6 percent).

Among veterans who served during Gulf War era II, about 1 in 3 (1.2 million) 
reported having a service-connected disability. Of these, 73.2 percent were in the 
labor force in August 2015, lower than the 87.3 percent for veterans from this 
period with no service-connected disability. Among Gulf War-era II veterans, the 
unemployment rate of those with a service-connected disability was 5.5 percent, not 
statistically different from those with no disability (4.8 percent).

In August 2015, about a quarter (853,000) of veterans who served during Gulf War 
era I reported a service-connected disability. Their labor force participation rate 
(68.8 percent) was lower than the rate for veterans from the era who did not have 
a disability (87.2 percent). The unemployment rate for Gulf War-era I veterans 
with a service-connected disability was not statistically different than that for 
Gulf War-era I veterans without a service-connected disability.

Among the 1.7 million veterans with a service-connected disability from World War 
II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam era, 13.2 percent were in the labor force in 
August 2015, lower than the 26.8 percent of veterans from these periods who did not 
have a service-connected disability. The unemployment rate of veterans with a 
disability from these wartime periods was 6.1 percent, not statistically different 
from their counterparts with no disability (4.2 percent).

About 11 percent of veterans who served during other service periods reported a 
service-connected disability in August 2015. Neither the labor force participation 
rate nor the unemployment rate for these veterans were different from their 
counterparts without a service-connected disability.

Regardless of period of service, many veterans with a service-connected disability 
worked in the public sector. In August 2015, 36 percent of employed veterans with a 
disability worked in federal, state, or local government, compared with 20 percent 
of veterans with no disability and 13 percent of nonveterans. Among the employed, 
25 percent of veterans with a disability worked for the federal government, 
compared with 7 percent of veterans with no disability and 2 percent of nonveterans. 
(See table 8.)

Reserve and National Guard Membership

In August 2015, 35 percent of Gulf War-era veterans (August 1990 to present) were 
reported to be current or past members of the Reserve or National Guard. (Beginning 
with data for August 2015, these estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a 
change in the weighting methodology. This resulted in more veterans counted among 
Reserve or National Guard members than in past years. See the note at the end of
this news release for more information about the change in methodology.) Labor force
participation rates were not statistically different for veterans who were current
or past members of the Reserve or National Guard compared with veterans who were never 
members. Among Gulf War-era II veterans, those who were current or past members of 
the Reserve or National Guard had a lower unemployment rate than those who had 
never been members (3.5 percent and 6.2 percent, respectively). For veterans 
of Gulf War era I, unemployment rates were similar for members and nonmembers. 
(See table 9.)


    Change in the weighting methodology for August 2015 veterans supplement data

Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans supplement reflect 
a change in the weighting methodology. The veterans supplement data in this release 
use a weight that accounts for supplement nonresponse--that is, people who completed 
the supplement are weighted to represent those who did not respond to the supplement 
at all. This methodology is consistent with how data for many other supplements to 
the Current Population Survey (CPS) are weighted.

The change in the weighting methodology resulted in only minor differences in the
number of veterans overall and by period of service. The impact of the new weighting
methodology on unemployment rates and other ratios was negligible. There was no
statistical difference in these rates as calculated under the old or new weighting
methodology. 

The biggest impact of the change in the weighting methodology was to greatly reduce
the number of people in the "did not report" category for items like the presence of a
service-connected disability, membership in the Reserve or National Guard, and location
of service for Gulf War-era II veterans. As a result, estimates of the number of veterans
in other categories for these items increased. For example, under the former weighting
methodology about 16 percent of veterans had a service-connected disability, compared
with 20 percent under the new methodology. While much lower, there are still a relatively
small number of veterans in the "did not report" categories because a small number of
people responded to some, but not all, of the questions in the supplement. The effect
of the change in the weighting methodology is shown in the comparison table below.

This change in the weighting methodology affects only the data for veterans from the August
2015 veterans supplement shown in tables 7 through 10 in this news release. The annual
averages displayed in table A and tables 1 through 6B, which are based on the monthly CPS,
are not affected. Data for nonveterans are not affected. Data from the August 2015 veterans
supplement are not strictly comparable to data from veteran supplements in prior years. 


Comparison table. Effect of the change in weighting methodology on estimates of veterans from the August 2015 
veterans supplement
[Numbers in thousands]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                              |                     |                     |                     
                                              |                     |                     |                     
                                              |   New methodology   |  Former methodology |      Difference     
                                              | (supplement weight) |    (basic monthly   |                     
                                              |                     |       weight)       |                     
                 Characteristic               |-----------------------------------------------------------------
                                              | Civilian  |         | Civilian |          | Civilian  |         
                                              | noninsti- | Percent | noninsti-|  Percent | noninsti- |  Percent
                                              | tutional  | distri- | tutional |  distri- | tutional  |  distri-
                                              |  popu-    | bution  |  popu-   |  bution  |  popu-    |  bution 
                                              |  lation   |         |  lation  |          |  lation   |   (1)   
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total veterans, 18 years and over.............|   21,170  |   100.0 |   21,171 |    100.0 |     -1    |   0.0   
  With service-connected disability...........|    4,309  |    20.4 |    3,485 |     16.5 |    824    |   3.9   
    Less than 30 percent disability rating....|    1,239  |     5.9 |    1,000 |      4.7 |    239    |   1.1   
    30 to 50 percent disability rating........|    1,041  |     4.9 |      842 |      4.0 |    199    |   0.9   
    60 percent or higher disability rating....|    1,595  |     7.5 |    1,291 |      6.1 |    304    |   1.4   
    Disability rating not reported............|      434  |     2.1 |      352 |      1.7 |     82    |   0.4   
  Without service-connected disability........|   16,310  |    77.0 |   13,221 |     62.4 |  3,089    |  14.6   
  Presence of disability not reported.........|      551  |     2.6 |    4,465 |     21.1 | -3,914    | -18.5   
                                              |           |         |          |          |           |         
Total, Gulf War-era veterans..................|    7,059  |   100.0 |    7,060 |    100.0 |     -1    |   0.0   
  Current or past member of Reserve or        |           |         |          |          |           |         
    National Guard............................|    2,470  |    35.0 |    1,954 |     27.7 |    516    |   7.3   
  Never a member of Reserve or National Guard.|    4,363  |    61.8 |    3,459 |     49.0 |    904    |  12.8   
  Reserve or National Guard membership        |           |         |          |          |           |         
    not reported .............................|      226  |     3.2 |    1,647 |     23.3 | -1,421    | -20.1   
                                              |           |         |          |          |           |         
Total, Gulf War-era II veterans...............|    3,609  |   100.0 |    3,581 |    100.0 |     28    |   0.0   
  Served in Iraq, Afghanistan, or both........|    1,665  |    46.1 |    1,304 |     36.4 |    361    |   9.7   
    Served in Iraq............................|    1,412  |    39.1 |    1,109 |     31.0 |    303    |   8.2   
    Served in Afghanistan.....................|      643  |    17.8 |      507 |     14.2 |    136    |   3.7   
    Served in both locations..................|      390  |    10.8 |      312 |      8.7 |     78    |   2.1   
  Served elsewhere............................|    1,944  |    53.9 |    1,508 |     42.1 |    436    |  11.8   
  Location of service not reported............|        0  |     0.0 |      769 |     21.5 |   -769    | -21.5   
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Differences are calculated from unrounded estimates.
NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.




Table A. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, 2014-2015 annual averages [Numbers in thousands]
Veteran status and period of service 2014 2015
Total Men Women Total Men Women

TOTAL VETERANS

Civilian noninstitutional population

21,229 19,023 2,206 21,209 19,212 1,997

Civilian labor force

10,744 9,358 1,386 10,757 9,517 1,241

Participation rate

50.6 49.2 62.8 50.7 49.5 62.1

Employed

10,171 8,868 1,303 10,263 9,089 1,174

Employment-population ratio

47.9 46.6 59.0 48.4 47.3 58.8

Unemployed

573 490 83 495 428 67

Unemployment rate

5.3 5.2 6.0 4.6 4.5 5.4

Not in labor force

10,485 9,664 821 10,452 9,695 757

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,185 2,549 635 3,594 2,959 635

Civilian labor force

2,535 2,096 439 2,913 2,462 451

Participation rate

79.6 82.2 69.2 81.0 83.2 71.0

Employed

2,353 1,952 402 2,745 2,322 422

Employment-population ratio

73.9 76.6 63.3 76.4 78.5 66.4

Unemployed

182 144 37 168 140 29

Unemployment rate

7.2 6.9 8.5 5.8 5.7 6.4

Not in labor force

649 453 196 681 497 184

NONVETERANS

Civilian noninstitutional population

217,820 96,213 121,607 220,740 97,380 123,360

Civilian labor force

143,207 72,565 70,641 144,385 73,107 71,278

Participation rate

65.7 75.4 58.1 65.4 75.1 57.8

Employed

134,589 68,095 66,494 136,947 69,243 67,704

Employment-population ratio

61.8 70.8 54.7 62.0 71.1 54.9

Unemployed

8,618 4,470 4,148 7,439 3,864 3,574

Unemployment rate

6.0 6.2 5.9 5.2 5.3 5.0

Not in labor force

74,613 23,647 50,966 76,355 24,273 52,082

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Gulf War-era II veterans served on active duty anywhere in the world sometime since September 2001. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces.


Technical Note

   The data in this release were collected through the Current Population Survey
(CPS). The CPS--a monthly survey of about 60,000 eligible households conducted by
the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics--obtains information
on employment and unemployment among the nation's civilian noninstitutional
population age 16 and over.

   Most of the data in this release are annual averages for 2015, compiled from the
results of the monthly survey. In August 2015, a supplement to the CPS collected
additional information about veterans on topics such as service-connected disability,
veterans' Reserve or National Guard status, and veterans who served in Iraq and/or
Afghanistan. The supplement was co-sponsored by the U.S. Department of Veterans
Affairs and by the U.S. Department of Labor's Veterans' Employment and Training
Service. Questions were asked of persons 17 years of age and older regarding their
prior service in the U.S. Armed Forces. Data are tabulated for persons 18 years of
age and older.

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals
upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Definitions

   The definitions underlying the data in this release are as follows:

   Veterans are men and women who previously served on active duty in the U.S.
Armed Forces and who were civilians at the time they were surveyed. Members of
the Reserve and National Guard are counted as veterans if they had ever been
called  to active duty. Persons who are on active duty at the time of the survey
are outside the scope of the survey and thus not in the estimates shown here, as
are persons who reside in institutions, such as nursing homes and prisons.

   Nonveterans are men and women who never served on active duty in the U.S.
Armed Forces.

   World War II, Korean War, Vietnam-era, and Gulf War-era veterans are men and
women who served in the U.S. Armed Forces during these periods of service, 
regardless of where in the world they served. Veterans who served in more than 
one wartime period are classified in the most recent one.

   Veterans of other service periods are men and women who served in the U.S. Armed
Forces at any time other than World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam era, or
the Gulf War era. Although U.S. Armed Forces were engaged in several armed conflicts
during other service periods, these conflicts were more limited in scope and included
a smaller proportion of the Armed Forces than the selected wartime periods. Veterans
who served during one of the selected wartime periods and during another period are
classified in the wartime period.

   Veteran status is obtained from responses to the question, "Did you ever serve
on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces?"

   Period of service identifies when a veteran served in the Armed Forces, but 
not the location of their service. It is obtained from answers to the question 
asked of veterans, "When did you serve on active duty in the  U.S. Armed Forces?"

   The following service periods are identified:

      Gulf War era II -- September 2001-present
      Gulf War era I  -- August 1990-August 2001
      Vietnam era     -- August 1964-April 1975
      Korean War      -- July 1950-January 1955
      World War II    -- December 1941-December 1946
      Other service periods -- All other time periods

   Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service. 
Veterans are counted only in one period of service, their most recent wartime period. 
Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent 
one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are 
classified in the wartime period. The period-of-service definitions are modified 
occasionally to reflect changes in law, regulations, and program needs of the survey 
sponsors.

   Veterans who served in Iraq, Afghanistan, or both are individuals who served in
Iraq at any time since March 2003, in Afghanistan at any time since October 2001,
or in both locations. Service in Iraq or Afghanistan is determined by answers to
two questions: "Did you serve in Iraq, off the coast of Iraq, or did you fly missions
over Iraq at any time since March 2003?" and "Did you serve in Afghanistan, or
did you fly missions over Afghanistan, at any time since October 2001?"

   Presence of service-connected disability is determined by answers to the question,
"Has the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) or Department of Defense (DoD) determined
that you have a service-connected disability, that is, a health condition or
impairment caused or made worse by any of your military service?"

   Service-connected disability rating is based on answers to the question, "What
is your current service-connected disability rating?" Answers can range from 0 to
100 percent, in increments of 10 percentage points. Ratings are determined by the
VA or DoD from a rating schedule published in the Code of Federal Regulations,
Title 38, "Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief," Part 4--"Schedule for Rating
Disabilities." The rating schedule is "primarily a guide in the evaluation of 
disability resulting from all types of diseases and injuries encountered as a result
of or incident to military service. The percentage ratings represent as far as can
practicably be determined the average impairment in earning capacity resulting from
such diseases and injuries and their residual conditions in civil occupations." 
Part 4 contains a listing of hundreds of possible disorders and assigns ratings of
0 through 100 percent, with instructions for rating multiple disorders.

   Reserve and National Guard membership refers only to Gulf War-era veterans who are 
current or past members of the Reserve or National Guard. Members of the Reserve and
National Guard are counted as veterans if they had ever been called to active duty.
These data do not refer to all persons who may have ever served in the Reserve or 
National Guard. Reserve or National Guard status is obtained from answers to two 
questions. Gulf War-era veterans were asked: "Was any of your active service the 
result of a call-up from the Reserve or National Guard?" If the answer was no, they
were  asked, "Have you ever been a member of the Reserve or National Guard?" A 'yes' 
response to either question classified persons as "Current or past member of the 
Reserve or National Guard." A 'no' response to the latter question classified 
persons as "Never a member of the Reserve or National Guard."

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that
the sample estimates will differ from the true population values they represent. The
component of this difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is known as
sampling error, and its variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate.
There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on
a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population
value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent
level of confidence.

   The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur
for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, the
inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, the inability or
unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, and errors made in the
collection or processing of the data.

   Information about the reliability of national data from the CPS and estimating
standard errors is available at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability.

   For a discussion of the reliability of state estimates from the CPS, such as those
in tables 6A and 6B of this release, see www.bls.gov/opub/gp/gpapndb.htm.

Comparability of the estimates

   Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans supplement shown in 
tables 7 through 10 of this release reflect a change in the weighting methodology. 
As a result of this change, the August 2015 estimates of the number of veterans with
a service-connected disability, veteran Reserve or National Guard members, and veterans 
who served in Iraq or Afghanistan were higher than in previous years. The supplement 
data presented in this release are not strictly comparable with data for earlier years 
due to the change.  See the note above for more information about the change in 
weighting methodology.




Table 1. Employment status of persons 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2015 annual averages
[Numbers in thousands]
Veteran status, period of service,
sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Civilian
noninsti-
tutional
population
Civilian labor force Not in
labor
force
Total Percent
of
population
Employed Unemployed
Total Percent
of
population
Total Percent
of
labor force

TOTAL

Total, 18 years and over

241,949 155,143 64.1 147,209 60.8 7,933 5.1 86,807

Veterans

21,209 10,757 50.7 10,263 48.4 495 4.6 10,452

Gulf War era, total

7,035 5,681 80.8 5,407 76.9 274 4.8 1,354

Gulf War era II

3,594 2,913 81.0 2,745 76.4 168 5.8 681

Gulf War era I

3,440 2,768 80.4 2,662 77.4 105 3.8 673

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

8,901 2,350 26.4 2,248 25.3 102 4.3 6,551

Other service periods

5,273 2,726 51.7 2,608 49.5 119 4.4 2,547

Nonveterans

220,740 144,385 65.4 136,947 62.0 7,439 5.2 76,355

Men

Total, 18 years and over

116,591 82,624 70.9 78,332 67.2 4,292 5.2 33,968

Veterans

19,212 9,517 49.5 9,089 47.3 428 4.5 9,695

Gulf War era, total

5,870 4,840 82.5 4,617 78.6 224 4.6 1,030

Gulf War era II

2,959 2,462 83.2 2,322 78.5 140 5.7 497

Gulf War era I

2,911 2,378 81.7 2,294 78.8 84 3.5 533

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

8,585 2,264 26.4 2,168 25.3 96 4.2 6,320

Other service periods

4,756 2,412 50.7 2,303 48.4 108 4.5 2,345

Nonveterans

97,380 73,107 75.1 69,243 71.1 3,864 5.3 24,273

Women

Total, 18 years and over

125,358 72,519 57.8 68,878 54.9 3,641 5.0 52,839

Veterans

1,997 1,241 62.1 1,174 58.8 67 5.4 757

Gulf War era, total

1,164 840 72.2 790 67.8 50 6.0 324

Gulf War era II

635 451 71.0 422 66.4 29 6.4 184

Gulf War era I

529 389 73.6 368 69.5 21 5.5 140

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

317 86 27.2 80 25.3 6 6.8 231

Other service periods

516 314 60.9 304 58.9 10 3.3 202

Nonveterans

123,360 71,278 57.8 67,704 54.9 3,574 5.0 52,082

White

Total, 18 years and over

190,329 122,028 64.1 116,625 61.3 5,402 4.4 68,302

Veterans

17,822 8,770 49.2 8,416 47.2 353 4.0 9,053

Gulf War era, total

5,483 4,474 81.6 4,282 78.1 192 4.3 1,009

Gulf War era II

2,847 2,328 81.8 2,208 77.6 119 5.1 519

Gulf War era I

2,637 2,146 81.4 2,074 78.6 73 3.4 490

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

7,932 2,096 26.4 2,019 25.4 77 3.7 5,837

Other service periods

4,407 2,200 49.9 2,115 48.0 84 3.8 2,207

Nonveterans

172,507 113,258 65.7 108,209 62.7 5,049 4.5 59,249

Black or African American

Total, 18 years and over

30,112 19,144 63.6 17,365 57.7 1,779 9.3 10,969

Veterans

2,475 1,437 58.1 1,328 53.7 110 7.6 1,038

Gulf War era, total

1,109 856 77.2 793 71.5 64 7.4 252

Gulf War era II

515 398 77.3 361 70.1 37 9.3 117

Gulf War era I

594 458 77.2 432 72.7 27 5.8 135

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

706 181 25.7 162 23.0 19 10.7 524

Other service periods

660 399 60.5 373 56.5 26 6.6 261

Nonveterans

27,638 17,706 64.1 16,037 58.0 1,669 9.4 9,931

Asian

Total, 18 years and over

13,885 8,922 64.3 8,587 61.8 335 3.8 4,963

Veterans

301 192 63.6 186 61.7 6 3.1 110

Gulf War era, total

150 123 81.7 120 79.9 3 2.2 28

Gulf War era II

85 66 78.3 65 76.6 1 2.1 18

Gulf War era I

66 57 86.1 55 84.2 1 2.3 9

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

89 31 34.5 29 33.2 1 - 58

Other service periods

62 38 61.6 36 58.0 2 5.8 24

Nonveterans

13,583 8,730 64.3 8,401 61.8 329 3.8 4,853

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

Total, 18 years and over

37,504 25,678 68.5 24,031 64.1 1,647 6.4 11,826

Veterans

1,468 958 65.3 899 61.2 60 6.2 509

Gulf War era, total

773 638 82.6 598 77.3 41 6.4 135

Gulf War era II

493 406 82.3 379 77.0 26 6.5 87

Gulf War era I

280 233 83.1 218 77.9 15 6.3 47

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

381 122 32.1 119 31.1 4 3.0 259

Other service periods

314 198 63.0 183 58.2 15 7.5 116

Nonveterans

36,036 24,720 68.6 23,132 64.2 1,588 6.4 11,317

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).


Table 2A. Employment status of persons 18 years and over by veteran status, age, and period of service, 2015 annual averages
[Numbers in thousands]
Veteran status, age, and period of service Civilian
noninsti-
tutional
population
Civilian labor force Not in
labor
force
Total Percent
of
population
Employed Unemployed
Total Percent of
population
Total Percent of
labor force

TOTAL VETERANS

Total, 18 years and over

21,209 10,757 50.7 10,263 48.4 495 4.6 10,452

18 to 24 years

264 199 75.3 173 65.6 26 13.0 65

25 to 34 years

1,764 1,457 82.6 1,356 76.9 101 6.9 307

35 to 44 years

2,332 2,020 86.6 1,936 83.1 83 4.1 312

45 to 54 years

3,334 2,779 83.4 2,684 80.5 95 3.4 554

55 to 64 years

3,871 2,382 61.5 2,270 58.6 112 4.7 1,489

65 years and over

9,645 1,921 19.9 1,843 19.1 77 4.0 7,724

Gulf War era, total

Total, 18 years and over

7,035 5,681 80.8 5,407 76.9 274 4.8 1,354

18 to 24 years

264 199 75.3 173 65.6 26 13.0 65

25 to 34 years

1,764 1,457 82.6 1,356 76.9 101 6.9 307

35 to 44 years

2,274 1,970 86.6 1,888 83.0 83 4.2 304

45 to 54 years

1,759 1,492 84.8 1,448 82.3 44 3.0 267

55 to 64 years

740 502 67.8 484 65.5 17 3.4 238

65 years and over

234 61 26.1 58 24.8 3 5.0 173

Gulf War era II

Total, 18 years and over

3,594 2,913 81.0 2,745 76.4 168 5.8 681

18 to 24 years

264 199 75.3 173 65.6 26 13.0 65

25 to 34 years

1,669 1,381 82.7 1,287 77.1 94 6.8 288

35 to 44 years

829 700 84.5 672 81.1 28 4.0 129

45 to 54 years

565 469 83.1 456 80.7 14 2.9 95

55 to 64 years

210 144 68.7 138 65.8 6 4.3 66

65 years and over

58 19 33.9 19 32.3 1 - 38

Gulf War era I

Total, 25 years and over

3,440 2,768 80.4 2,662 77.4 105 3.8 673

25 to 34 years

95 76 80.4 69 72.4 8 9.9 19

35 to 44 years

1,446 1,270 87.9 1,216 84.1 54 4.3 175

45 to 54 years

1,194 1,023 85.6 992 83.1 30 3.0 171

55 to 64 years

530 357 67.4 346 65.4 11 3.1 173

65 years and over

176 41 23.5 39 22.3 2 5.2 135

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

Total, 55 years and over

8,901 2,350 26.4 2,248 25.3 102 4.3 6,551

55 to 64 years

1,580 818 51.8 776 49.1 42 5.1 762

65 years and over

7,321 1,532 20.9 1,472 20.1 60 3.9 5,789

Other service periods

Total, 35 years and over

5,273 2,726 51.7 2,608 49.5 119 4.4 2,547

35 to 44 years

57 50 86.9 49 85.4 1 1.7 8

45 to 54 years

1,575 1,287 81.7 1,236 78.5 51 4.0 288

55 to 64 years

1,551 1,062 68.4 1,009 65.1 52 4.9 489

65 years and over

2,090 328 15.7 313 15.0 14 4.4 1,762

TOTAL NONVETERANS

Total, 18 years and over

220,740 144,385 65.4 136,947 62.0 7,439 5.2 76,355

18 to 24 years

29,474 19,037 64.6 16,959 57.5 2,078 10.9 10,438

25 to 34 years

41,007 33,190 80.9 31,386 76.5 1,803 5.4 7,818

35 to 44 years

37,369 30,583 81.8 29,316 78.4 1,267 4.1 6,786

45 to 54 years

39,303 31,123 79.2 29,959 76.2 1,164 3.7 8,180

55 to 64 years

36,725 23,574 64.2 22,706 61.8 869 3.7 13,151

65 years and over

36,862 6,879 18.7 6,621 18.0 258 3.7 29,984

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).


Table 2B. Employment status of men 18 years and over by veteran status, age, and period of service, 2015 annual averages [Numbers in thousands]
Veteran status, age, and period of service Civilian
noninsti-
tutional
population
Civilian labor force Not in
labor
force
Total Percent
of
population
Employed Unemployed
Total Percent of
population
Total Percent of
labor force

VETERANS, MEN

Total, 18 years and over

19,212 9,517 49.5 9,089 47.3 428 4.5 9,695

18 to 24 years

209 159 75.7 137 65.5 21 13.6 51

25 to 34 years

1,440 1,231 85.5 1,146 79.6 85 6.9 209

35 to 44 years

1,923 1,701 88.4 1,637 85.1 64 3.8 223

45 to 54 years

2,858 2,418 84.6 2,335 81.7 83 3.4 440

55 to 64 years

3,472 2,144 61.8 2,043 58.8 102 4.7 1,328

65 years and over

9,309 1,864 20.0 1,791 19.2 74 4.0 7,444

Gulf War era, total

Total, 18 years and over

5,870 4,840 82.5 4,617 78.6 224 4.6 1,030

18 to 24 years

209 159 75.7 137 65.5 21 13.6 51

25 to 34 years

1,440 1,231 85.5 1,146 79.6 85 6.9 209

35 to 44 years

1,880 1,664 88.5 1,600 85.1 64 3.8 216

45 to 54 years

1,498 1,291 86.2 1,255 83.8 35 2.7 207

55 to 64 years

642 445 69.3 429 66.8 16 3.6 197

65 years and over

201 51 25.4 49 24.3 2 4.4 150

Gulf War era II

Total, 18 years and over

2,959 2,462 83.2 2,322 78.5 140 5.7 497

18 to 24 years

209 159 75.7 137 65.5 21 13.6 51

25 to 34 years

1,367 1,169 85.6 1,090 79.8 79 6.8 197

35 to 44 years

685 593 86.6 571 83.3 22 3.8 92

45 to 54 years

476 402 84.4 391 82.2 11 2.6 74

55 to 64 years

177 126 70.8 120 67.8 5 4.3 52

65 years and over

44 13 29.6 13 28.3 1 - 31

Gulf War era I

Total, 25 years and over

2,911 2,378 81.7 2,294 78.8 84 3.5 533

25 to 34 years

73 61 84.3 56 76.8 5 8.9 11

35 to 44 years

1,195 1,071 89.6 1,029 86.2 41 3.9 124

45 to 54 years

1,022 889 87.0 864 84.6 25 2.8 133

55 to 64 years

465 319 68.7 309 66.4 11 3.4 146

65 years and over

157 38 24.2 36 23.1 2 4.4 119

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

Total, 55 years and over

8,585 2,264 26.4 2,168 25.3 96 4.2 6,320

55 to 64 years

1,484 770 51.9 732 49.3 39 5.0 714

65 years and over

7,100 1,494 21.0 1,437 20.2 57 3.8 5,606

Other service periods

Total, 35 years and over

4,756 2,412 50.7 2,303 48.4 108 4.5 2,345

35 to 44 years

43 37 84.8 36 84.0 0 0.9 7

45 to 54 years

1,360 1,127 82.8 1,080 79.4 47 4.2 233

55 to 64 years

1,346 929 69.0 882 65.6 47 5.0 417

65 years and over

2,007 319 15.9 305 15.2 14 4.4 1,688

NONVETERANS, MEN

Total, 18 years and over

97,380 73,107 75.1 69,243 71.1 3,864 5.3 24,273

18 to 24 years

14,723 9,767 66.3 8,591 58.4 1,177 12.0 4,955

25 to 34 years

19,703 17,545 89.1 16,600 84.3 946 5.4 2,157

35 to 44 years

17,520 15,856 90.5 15,225 86.9 631 4.0 1,665

45 to 54 years

17,980 15,475 86.1 14,909 82.9 566 3.7 2,505

55 to 64 years

16,048 11,486 71.6 11,049 68.8 437 3.8 4,563

65 years and over

11,406 2,978 26.1 2,870 25.2 108 3.6 8,428

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).


Table 2C. Employment status of women 18 years and over by veteran status, age, and period of service, 2015 annual averages [Numbers in thousands]
Veteran status, age, and period of service Civilian
noninsti-
tutional
population
Civilian labor force Not in
labor
force
Total Percent
of
population
Employed Unemployed
Total Percent of
population
Total Percent of
labor force

VETERANS, WOMEN

Total, 18 years and over

1,997 1,241 62.1 1,174 58.8 67 5.4 757

18 to 24 years

55 40 73.9 36 66.0 4 10.7 14

25 to 34 years

324 226 69.7 210 64.6 17 7.3 98

35 to 44 years

408 319 78.2 300 73.4 19 6.1 89

45 to 54 years

476 361 76.0 349 73.4 12 3.5 114

55 to 64 years

398 237 59.5 227 57.0 10 4.2 161

65 years and over

336 57 16.8 53 15.7 4 6.6 280

Gulf War era, total

Total, 18 years and over

1,164 840 72.2 790 67.8 50 6.0 324

18 to 24 years

55 40 73.9 36 66.0 4 10.7 14

25 to 34 years

324 226 69.7 210 64.6 17 7.3 98

35 to 44 years

394 306 77.6 287 72.9 19 6.2 88

45 to 54 years

261 201 77.1 192 73.7 9 4.4 60

55 to 64 years

97 57 58.0 55 56.9 1 1.8 41

65 years and over

32 10 - 9 - 1 - 23

Gulf War era II

Total, 18 years and over

635 451 71.0 422 66.4 29 6.4 184

18 to 24 years

55 40 73.9 36 66.0 4 10.7 14

25 to 34 years

302 212 69.9 197 65.1 14 6.8 91

35 to 44 years

143 106 74.3 101 70.2 6 5.4 37

45 to 54 years

89 67 76.1 64 72.6 3 4.6 21

55 to 64 years

33 19 - 18 - 1 - 14

65 years and over

13 6 - 6 - 0 - 7

Gulf War era I

Total, 25 years and over

529 389 73.6 368 69.5 21 5.5 140

25 to 34 years

22 15 - 13 - 2 - 7

35 to 44 years

251 200 79.6 187 74.3 13 6.6 51

45 to 54 years

172 134 77.6 128 74.3 6 4.3 39

55 to 64 years

65 38 58.3 38 58.1 0 0.3 27

65 years and over

19 3 - 3 - 0 - 16

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

Total, 55 years and over

317 86 27.2 80 25.3 6 6.8 231

55 to 64 years

96 48 50.0 45 46.6 3 6.7 48

65 years and over

221 38 17.3 36 16.1 3 6.8 183

Other service periods

Total, 35 years and over

516 314 60.9 304 58.9 10 3.3 202

35 to 44 years

14 13 - 12 - 1 - 1

45 to 54 years

215 160 74.7 157 73.0 4 2.3 54

55 to 64 years

205 133 64.7 127 61.8 6 4.4 73

65 years and over

83 9 10.3 8 10.0 0 - 74

NONVETERANS, WOMEN

Total, 18 years and over

123,360 71,278 57.8 67,704 54.9 3,574 5.0 52,082

18 to 24 years

14,751 9,269 62.8 8,368 56.7 901 9.7 5,482

25 to 34 years

21,305 15,644 73.4 14,787 69.4 858 5.5 5,660

35 to 44 years

19,849 14,728 74.2 14,091 71.0 636 4.3 5,121

45 to 54 years

21,323 15,648 73.4 15,050 70.6 598 3.8 5,675

55 to 64 years

20,677 12,089 58.5 11,657 56.4 432 3.6 8,588

65 years and over

25,456 3,900 15.3 3,751 14.7 149 3.8 21,556

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).


Table 3. Employment status of persons 25 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and educational attainment, 2015 annual averages
[Numbers in thousands]
Veteran status,
period of service, and educational attainment
Civilian
noninsti-
tutional
population
Civilian labor force Not in
labor
force
Total Percent
of
population
Employed Unemployed
Total Percent
of
population
Total Percent
of
labor force

VETERANS

Total, 25 years and over

20,945 10,558 50.4 10,090 48.2 469 4.4 10,386

Less than a high school diploma

1,089 260 23.8 243 22.3 16 6.3 829

High school graduates, no college

6,294 2,823 44.9 2,687 42.7 137 4.8 3,471

Some college or associate degree

7,295 3,968 54.4 3,773 51.7 195 4.9 3,326

Bachelor's degree and higher

6,267 3,507 56.0 3,386 54.0 121 3.5 2,760

Gulf War era, total

Total, 25 years and over

6,771 5,482 81.0 5,234 77.3 248 4.5 1,289

Less than a high school diploma

97 64 66.2 60 61.8 4 6.6 33

High school graduates, no college

1,554 1,244 80.0 1,178 75.8 65 5.2 311

Some college or associate degree

2,855 2,256 79.0 2,142 75.0 114 5.0 599

Bachelor's degree and higher

2,264 1,917 84.7 1,853 81.8 65 3.4 347

Gulf War era II

Total, 25 years and over

3,330 2,714 81.5 2,571 77.2 143 5.3 616

Less than a high school diploma

47 32 68.0 28 60.7 3 - 15

High school graduates, no college

689 570 82.8 533 77.3 38 6.6 119

Some college or associate degree

1,467 1,140 77.7 1,076 73.3 64 5.6 327

Bachelor's degree and higher

1,127 972 86.2 935 82.9 37 3.8 156

Gulf War era I

Total, 25 years and over

3,440 2,768 80.4 2,662 77.4 105 3.8 673

Less than a high school diploma

51 33 64.6 32 62.9 1 - 18

High school graduates, no college

865 673 77.8 646 74.6 27 4.1 192

Some college or associate degree

1,388 1,116 80.4 1,067 76.8 49 4.4 272

Bachelor's degree and higher

1,136 946 83.2 918 80.8 28 2.9 191

WWII, Korean War, and Vietnam era

Total, 25 years and over

8,901 2,350 26.4 2,248 25.3 102 4.3 6,551

Less than a high school diploma

666 92 13.8 86 12.9 6 6.3 574

High school graduates, no college

2,880 674 23.4 647 22.5 27 4.0 2,206

Some college or associate degree

2,737 768 28.1 731 26.7 37 4.8 1,969

Bachelor's degree and higher

2,619 816 31.2 784 29.9 32 3.9 1,803

Other service periods

Total, 25 years and over

5,273 2,726 51.7 2,608 49.5 119 4.4 2,547

Less than a high school diploma

326 103 31.7 97 29.8 6 6.1 222

High school graduates, no college

1,860 905 48.7 861 46.3 44 4.9 954

Some college or associate degree

1,703 944 55.4 900 52.8 44 4.7 759

Bachelor's degree and higher

1,385 774 55.9 749 54.1 24 3.1 611

NONVETERANS

Total, 25 years and over

191,266 125,349 65.5 119,988 62.7 5,361 4.3 65,917

Less than a high school diploma

22,894 10,580 46.2 9,734 42.5 846 8.0 12,314

High school graduates, no college

55,317 32,436 58.6 30,659 55.4 1,777 5.5 22,880

Some college or associate degree

49,288 33,749 68.5 32,234 65.4 1,514 4.5 15,539

Bachelor's degree and higher

63,768 48,584 76.2 47,360 74.3 1,223 2.5 15,185

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).


Table 4. Employed persons 18 years and over by occupation, sex, veteran status, and period of service, 2015 annual averages
[Percent distribution]
Occupation and sex Veterans Non-
veterans
Total Gulf War era WW II,
Korean
War, and
Vietnam
era
Other
service
periods
Total Gulf War
era II
Gulf War
era I

TOTAL

Total employed (in thousands)

10,263 5,407 2,745 2,662 2,248 2,608 136,947

Occupation as a percent of total employed

Total employed

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Management, professional, and related occupations

38.5 39.3 37.5 41.1 39.2 36.4 39.4

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

18.7 18.2 17.1 19.3 21.2 17.7 16.2

Professional and related occupations

19.8 21.1 20.4 21.9 17.9 18.7 23.2

Service occupations

14.2 15.3 16.9 13.6 12.9 13.2 17.3

Sales and office occupations

16.8 16.6 16.7 16.5 18.0 16.2 22.9

Sales and related occupations

8.6 7.8 7.2 8.4 11.6 7.8 10.5

Office and administrative support occupations

8.2 8.8 9.5 8.1 6.4 8.5 12.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

13.5 13.5 13.9 13.1 12.1 14.5 8.9

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.7

Construction and extraction occupations

5.8 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.5 6.8 5.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

7.2 7.7 8.1 7.4 5.8 7.4 3.1

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

17.0 15.3 14.9 15.7 17.9 19.7 11.5

Production occupations

6.7 6.8 6.7 7.0 5.7 7.5 5.7

Transportation and material moving occupations

10.2 8.5 8.3 8.7 12.1 12.2 5.8

MEN

Total employed (in thousands)

9,089 4,617 2,322 2,294 2,168 2,303 69,243

Occupation as a percent of total employed

Total employed

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Management, professional, and related occupations

36.9 37.3 35.8 38.8 38.7 34.3 35.6

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

18.5 17.9 16.7 19.1 21.1 17.4 17.2

Professional and related occupations

18.4 19.4 19.1 19.7 17.6 16.9 18.5

Service occupations

14.0 15.0 16.4 13.5 12.8 13.0 13.8

Sales and office occupations

15.6 15.0 15.0 15.0 17.6 14.7 16.4

Sales and related occupations

8.8 7.7 6.9 8.6 11.7 8.0 10.1

Office and administrative support occupations

6.8 7.3 8.1 6.5 5.9 6.8 6.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

15.0 15.6 16.1 15.1 12.5 16.3 16.8

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.4 1.1

Construction and extraction occupations

6.5 6.4 6.5 6.2 5.7 7.6 9.8

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

8.1 8.9 9.3 8.5 6.1 8.3 5.9

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

18.5 17.1 16.6 17.6 18.4 21.6 17.4

Production occupations

7.2 7.4 7.2 7.6 5.9 8.1 7.8

Transportation and material moving occupations

11.3 9.7 9.4 9.9 12.5 13.5 9.6

WOMEN

Total employed (in thousands)

1,174 790 422 368 80 304 67,704

Occupation as a percent of total employed

Total employed

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Management, professional, and related occupations

51.4 51.1 47.1 55.7 51.4 51.9 43.2

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

20.3 19.9 19.6 20.4 24.7 20.3 15.2

Professional and related occupations

31.0 31.2 27.6 35.4 26.7 31.7 28.0

Service occupations

16.2 17.0 19.7 13.9 16.3 14.0 20.8

Sales and office occupations

26.4 25.8 26.2 25.4 27.2 27.9 29.6

Sales and related occupations

7.7 8.2 8.9 7.4 7.9 6.4 10.9

Office and administrative support occupations

18.7 17.6 17.3 18.0 19.3 21.5 18.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.0 0.9

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4

Construction and extraction occupations

0.5 0.4 0.3 0.6 1.3 0.4 0.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

0.7 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.0 0.6 0.2

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

4.9 4.8 5.7 3.8 3.9 5.2 5.5

Production occupations

3.0 3.2 3.6 2.8 1.3 2.7 3.5

Transportation and material moving occupations

1.9 1.6 2.1 1.0 2.6 2.5 2.0

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period.


Table 5. Employed persons 18 years and over by industry, class of worker, sex, veteran status, and period of service, 2015 annual averages
[Percent distribution]
Industry, class of worker, and sex Veterans Non-
veterans
Total Gulf War era WW II,
Korean
War, and
Vietnam
era
Other
service
periods
Total Gulf War
era II
Gulf War
era I

TOTAL

Total employed (in thousands)(1)

10,263 5,407 2,745 2,662 2,248 2,608 136,947

As a percent of total employed

Total employed(1)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Agriculture and related industries

1.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 4.8 1.8 1.6

Wage and salary workers(2)

0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.7 0.9 1.0

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

1.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 3.0 0.8 0.5

Nonagricultural industries

98.1 99.3 99.3 99.3 95.2 98.2 98.4

Wage and salary workers(2)

92.0 96.2 97.1 95.3 82.8 91.2 92.6

Private industries

70.6 70.7 70.8 70.6 68.6 72.0 79.0

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.6

Construction

5.8 5.5 5.8 5.1 5.4 6.6 5.3

Manufacturing

12.7 12.7 11.7 13.7 11.0 14.2 9.9

Wholesale trade

2.5 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.5 2.3

Retail trade

8.5 8.5 9.1 7.9 9.3 7.9 10.7

Transportation and utilities

7.5 7.1 6.9 7.3 6.4 9.1 3.8

Information

1.9 2.2 2.0 2.4 1.3 2.0 1.8

Financial activities

4.7 4.1 3.9 4.2 6.0 4.7 6.4

Professional and business services

10.9 11.6 11.7 11.4 10.5 9.7 10.1

Education and health services

8.2 8.5 8.9 8.1 7.9 8.0 15.5

Leisure and hospitality

3.8 4.1 4.5 3.7 3.5 3.2 8.4

Other services

3.2 3.0 2.7 3.2 3.9 3.0 4.3

Government

21.4 25.5 26.4 24.7 14.1 19.2 13.5

Federal

9.2 12.3 14.3 10.2 4.2 7.0 2.0

State

4.9 5.4 4.9 6.0 3.8 4.7 4.7

Local

7.4 7.8 7.2 8.5 6.1 7.6 6.8

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

6.1 3.1 2.2 4.0 12.3 7.0 5.8

MEN

Total employed (in thousands)(1)

9,089 4,617 2,322 2,294 2,168 2,303 69,243

As a percent of total employed

Total employed(1)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Agriculture and related industries

2.0 0.7 0.7 0.8 4.9 1.9 2.3

Wage and salary workers(2)

1.0 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.8 0.9 1.5

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

1.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 3.1 0.9 0.7

Nonagricultural industries

98.0 99.3 99.3 99.2 95.1 98.1 97.7

Wage and salary workers(2)

91.4 96.1 97.1 95.1 82.4 90.7 91.0

Private industries

71.0 71.2 70.8 71.7 68.5 72.9 80.7

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

1.1 1.3 1.5 1.2 0.7 0.9 1.0

Construction

6.4 6.3 6.7 5.8 5.6 7.3 9.4

Manufacturing

13.6 13.9 12.8 15.0 11.2 15.2 13.5

Wholesale trade

2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.6 3.2

Retail trade

8.5 8.4 8.9 7.8 9.2 8.2 10.5

Transportation and utilities

8.1 7.8 7.4 8.2 6.6 10.0 5.8

Information

1.9 2.2 2.1 2.3 1.3 2.1 2.1

Financial activities

4.5 4.0 3.8 4.1 6.0 4.3 5.5

Professional and business services

11.0 11.9 11.9 11.9 10.6 9.7 11.2

Education and health services

6.4 6.0 6.2 5.8 7.3 6.4 6.7

Leisure and hospitality

3.6 3.8 4.0 3.6 3.3 3.3 7.9

Other services

3.2 3.1 2.7 3.4 4.0 2.9 3.9

Government

20.4 24.8 26.3 23.4 13.8 17.8 10.3

Federal

8.4 11.6 13.8 9.3 4.0 6.3 1.9

State

4.6 5.1 4.9 5.3 3.8 4.3 3.4

Local

7.4 8.2 7.6 8.7 6.0 7.2 5.0

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

6.5 3.2 2.2 4.2 12.5 7.5 6.7

WOMEN

Total employed (in thousands)(1)

1,174 790 422 368 80 304 67,704

As a percent of total employed

Total employed(1)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Agriculture and related industries

0.5 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.9

Wage and salary workers(2)

0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.5

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

0.2 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.3

Nonagricultural industries

99.5 99.7 99.6 99.9 99.7 98.8 99.1

Wage and salary workers(2)

96.5 97.3 97.6 96.8 94.1 95.1 94.1

Private industries

67.2 67.7 70.8 64.2 71.5 64.9 77.3

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2

Construction

1.0 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.0 1.9 1.2

Manufacturing

6.0 5.8 5.5 6.1 7.1 6.5 6.3

Wholesale trade

1.4 1.1 0.7 1.6 4.2 1.3 1.5

Retail trade

8.7 9.4 9.7 9.0 12.0 6.0 10.8

Transportation and utilities

2.5 2.7 3.7 1.6 0.5 2.4 1.9

Information

1.9 2.1 1.2 3.2 0.3 1.7 1.4

Financial activities

5.6 4.7 4.7 4.7 5.4 8.1 7.2

Professional and business services

9.6 9.8 11.0 8.3 7.8 9.8 8.9

Education and health services

22.3 22.9 23.4 22.2 24.4 20.3 24.4

Leisure and hospitality

5.2 5.9 7.0 4.7 6.7 2.9 8.9

Other services

3.0 2.6 3.1 2.0 3.1 3.9 4.6

Government

29.2 29.5 26.8 32.7 22.6 30.2 16.8

Federal

14.7 16.2 17.0 15.4 9.9 11.9 2.2

State

7.3 7.3 4.9 10.1 6.0 7.5 6.1

Local

7.3 6.0 4.9 7.2 6.6 10.8 8.5

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

3.0 2.5 1.9 3.0 5.1 3.7 4.9

Footnotes
(1) Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers, not shown separately.
(2) Includes self-employed workers whose business are incorporated.

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period.


Table 6A. Employment status of veterans 18 years and over by state, 2015 annual averages
[Numbers in thousands]
State Civilian
noninsti-
tutional
population
Civilian labor force Not in
labor
force
Total Percent
of
population
Employed Unemployed
Total Percent
of
population
Total Percent
of
labor force

TOTAL VETERANS

Total, 18 years and over

21,209 10,757 50.7 10,263 48.4 495 4.6 10,452

Alabama

381 189 49.5 183 48.0 6 3.1 193

Alaska

73 46 62.9 44 60.2 2 4.3 27

Arizona

510 244 47.8 235 46.1 9 3.7 266

Arkansas

228 103 45.3 98 43.1 5 4.7 125

California

1,820 902 49.6 840 46.2 62 6.8 918

Colorado

428 225 52.6 217 50.8 8 3.5 203

Connecticut

194 97 49.9 92 47.7 4 4.6 97

Delaware

76 34 45.6 33 43.9 1 3.6 41

District of Columbia

28 15 54.3 14 50.1 1 7.7 13

Florida

1,613 784 48.6 742 46.0 43 5.4 829

Georgia

716 384 53.6 365 51.0 19 4.9 332

Hawaii

105 54 51.8 53 50.5 1 2.5 50

Idaho

126 63 49.8 60 47.8 2 4.0 63

Illinois

676 338 50.0 321 47.5 17 5.0 338

Indiana

465 238 51.1 232 49.9 6 2.4 227

Iowa

244 131 53.8 129 52.8 2 1.9 113

Kansas

202 99 49.0 93 46.0 6 6.1 103

Kentucky

304 137 45.1 129 42.6 8 5.6 167

Louisiana

311 171 55.1 163 52.6 8 4.6 140

Maine

127 61 47.8 58 45.7 3 4.5 67

Maryland

428 251 58.5 233 54.3 18 7.2 178

Massachusetts

368 160 43.5 151 41.2 9 5.3 208

Michigan

617 275 44.6 260 42.2 15 5.3 342

Minnesota

381 197 51.6 186 48.8 11 5.5 185

Mississippi

204 101 49.4 95 46.3 6 6.2 103

Missouri

479 244 50.8 232 48.4 12 4.8 236

Montana

106 52 48.6 49 46.1 3 5.2 55

Nebraska

144 76 53.2 74 51.4 3 3.4 67

Nevada

232 125 53.9 118 50.8 7 5.8 107

New Hampshire

119 65 54.2 62 52.2 2 3.7 55

New Jersey

397 182 45.8 172 43.4 10 5.4 215

New Mexico

196 96 49.1 91 46.4 5 5.5 100

New York

837 387 46.2 372 44.5 14 3.7 450

North Carolina

724 398 54.9 385 53.1 13 3.2 327

North Dakota

54 33 60.9 32 59.2 1 2.8 21

Ohio

817 398 48.7 385 47.1 13 3.3 420

Oklahoma

309 167 53.9 161 52.2 5 3.2 143

Oregon

353 158 44.8 149 42.3 9 5.6 195

Pennsylvania

886 413 46.6 393 44.4 19 4.7 473

Rhode Island

70 33 47.1 31 44.3 2 5.8 37

South Carolina

394 205 52.1 196 49.8 9 4.4 189

South Dakota

68 39 57.6 38 56.2 1 2.5 29

Tennessee

503 244 48.6 234 46.5 10 4.2 259

Texas

1,740 967 55.6 926 53.2 41 4.3 772

Utah

149 87 58.5 85 56.9 2 2.6 62

Vermont

45 22 48.6 21 46.7 1 3.9 23

Virginia

795 491 61.8 473 59.5 19 3.8 303

Washington

558 268 48.1 258 46.3 10 3.8 290

West Virginia

152 64 41.9 60 39.7 3 5.1 88

Wisconsin

404 214 53.1 207 51.2 8 3.6 189

Wyoming

52 30 58.1 29 56.2 1 3.3 22

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey.


Table 6B. Employment status of nonveterans 18 years and over by state, 2015 annual averages
[Numbers in thousands]
State Civilian
noninsti-
tutional
population
Civilian labor force Not in
labor
force
Total Percent
of
population
Employed Unemployed
Total Percent
of
population
Total Percent
of
labor force

TOTAL NONVETERANS

Total, 18 years and over

220,740 144,385 65.4 136,947 62.0 7,439 5.2 76,355

Alabama

3,285 1,954 59.5 1,834 55.8 120 6.1 1,332

Alaska

454 316 69.8 295 64.9 22 6.9 137

Arizona

4,566 2,874 62.9 2,701 59.2 173 6.0 1,692

Arkansas

1,986 1,218 61.3 1,155 58.2 63 5.1 768

California

27,509 17,855 64.9 16,783 61.0 1,072 6.0 9,654

Colorado

3,644 2,547 69.9 2,451 67.3 96 3.8 1,097

Connecticut

2,546 1,766 69.4 1,671 65.6 95 5.4 780

Delaware

649 428 65.9 406 62.6 21 5.0 221

District of Columbia

507 368 72.6 343 67.7 25 6.7 139

Florida

14,140 8,693 61.5 8,233 58.2 460 5.3 5,447

Georgia

6,770 4,323 63.9 4,076 60.2 247 5.7 2,447

Hawaii

949 619 65.2 596 62.8 23 3.7 330

Idaho

1,073 723 67.4 694 64.6 29 4.0 350

Illinois

9,022 6,061 67.2 5,714 63.3 347 5.7 2,961

Indiana

4,484 2,991 66.7 2,852 63.6 139 4.6 1,493

Iowa

2,119 1,534 72.4 1,480 69.9 53 3.5 585

Kansas

1,928 1,370 71.1 1,313 68.1 57 4.1 558

Kentucky

3,029 1,790 59.1 1,697 56.0 93 5.2 1,240

Louisiana

3,153 1,978 62.7 1,856 58.9 122 6.2 1,175

Maine

933 608 65.1 583 62.5 25 4.1 325

Maryland

4,139 2,901 70.1 2,761 66.7 141 4.8 1,238

Massachusetts

4,942 3,362 68.0 3,204 64.8 158 4.7 1,579

Michigan

7,008 4,413 63.0 4,184 59.7 229 5.2 2,595

Minnesota

3,752 2,756 73.4 2,658 70.8 98 3.6 996

Mississippi

1,994 1,172 58.8 1,097 55.0 74 6.4 822

Missouri

4,092 2,800 68.4 2,665 65.1 135 4.8 1,292

Montana

684 464 67.8 446 65.2 18 3.9 220

Nebraska

1,251 904 72.3 879 70.2 25 2.8 347

Nevada

1,950 1,298 66.5 1,210 62.1 88 6.7 652

New Hampshire

930 664 71.4 642 69.1 22 3.3 265

New Jersey

6,426 4,290 66.8 4,044 62.9 246 5.7 2,136

New Mexico

1,347 822 61.0 767 56.9 55 6.7 525

New York

14,433 9,132 63.3 8,658 60.0 474 5.2 5,301

North Carolina

6,794 4,350 64.0 4,096 60.3 254 5.8 2,444

North Dakota

512 375 73.2 365 71.3 10 2.6 137

Ohio

7,977 5,193 65.1 4,952 62.1 241 4.6 2,784

Oklahoma

2,563 1,677 65.4 1,606 62.7 71 4.3 886

Oregon

2,754 1,779 64.6 1,683 61.1 96 5.4 975

Pennsylvania

9,019 5,915 65.6 5,611 62.2 304 5.1 3,104

Rhode Island

760 518 68.2 489 64.4 29 5.6 241

South Carolina

3,291 2,066 62.8 1,944 59.1 121 5.9 1,225

South Dakota

567 409 72.2 395 69.7 14 3.5 157

Tennessee

4,519 2,814 62.3 2,654 58.7 159 5.7 1,706

Texas

17,965 11,920 66.4 11,404 63.5 516 4.3 6,044

Utah

1,888 1,327 70.3 1,284 68.0 44 3.3 561

Vermont

453 315 69.5 304 67.2 11 3.4 138

Virginia

5,519 3,718 67.4 3,557 64.5 161 4.3 1,801

Washington

4,812 3,227 67.1 3,048 63.3 178 5.5 1,586

West Virginia

1,293 720 55.6 670 51.8 50 6.9 574

Wisconsin

3,976 2,798 70.4 2,674 67.2 124 4.4 1,178

Wyoming

386 272 70.5 261 67.7 11 4.0 114

NOTE: Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces.


Table 7. Employment status of veterans 18 years and over by presence of service-connected disability, reported disability rating, period of service, and sex, August 2015, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Presence of disability, reported disability rating,
period of service, and sex
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force Not in labor
force
Total Percent
of
population
Employed Unemployed
Total Percent
of population
Total Percent
of labor force

TOTAL
VETERANS

Total

21,170 10,593 50.0 10,121 47.8 472 4.5 10,576

With service-connected disability

4,309 1,972 45.8 1,866 43.3 106 5.4 2,337

Less than 30 percent disability rating

1,239 664 53.6 637 51.4 27 4.0 575

30 to 50 percent disability rating

1,041 648 62.2 627 60.2 21 3.3 393

60 percent or higher disability rating

1,595 490 30.7 443 27.8 47 9.6 1,105

Disability rating not reported

434 170 39.2 159 36.7 11 6.4 264

Without service-connected disability

16,310 8,349 51.2 7,987 49.0 362 4.3 7,961

Presence of disability not reported

551 272 49.4 268 48.7 4 1.4 279

Gulf War era, total

Total

7,059 5,804 82.2 5,536 78.4 268 4.6 1,255

With service-connected disability

2,033 1,451 71.3 1,368 67.3 83 5.7 583

Less than 30 percent disability rating

544 428 78.7 410 75.3 19 4.3 116

30 to 50 percent disability rating

570 477 83.7 459 80.6 17 3.6 93

60 percent or higher disability rating

728 420 57.6 381 52.4 38 9.1 308

Disability rating not reported

192 126 65.6 117 61.2 8 6.7 66

Without service-connected disability

4,839 4,221 87.2 4,040 83.5 182 4.3 617

Presence of disability not reported

187 132 70.5 128 68.5 4 2.9 55

Gulf War era II

Total

3,609 2,959 82.0 2,812 77.9 148 5.0 649

With service-connected disability

1,181 864 73.2 816 69.1 48 5.5 317

Less than 30 percent disability rating

228 176 77.1 171 74.7 5 3.0 52

30 to 50 percent disability rating

318 290 91.1 284 89.3 6 1.9 28

60 percent or higher disability rating

528 329 62.3 300 56.9 28 8.6 199

Disability rating not reported

106 69 65.0 61 57.1 8 - 37

Without service-connected disability

2,304 2,012 87.3 1,916 83.2 96 4.8 292

Presence of disability not reported

124 83 67.1 79 64.0 4 4.5 41

Gulf War era I

Total

3,450 2,845 82.4 2,724 79.0 120 4.2 606

With service-connected disability

853 587 68.8 552 64.7 35 5.9 266

Less than 30 percent disability rating

316 253 79.9 239 75.8 13 5.2 63

30 to 50 percent disability rating

251 187 74.3 175 69.6 12 6.3 65

60 percent or higher disability rating

200 91 45.4 81 40.5 10 10.8 109

Disability rating not reported

85 57 66.4 57 66.4 - - 29

Without service-connected disability

2,535 2,209 87.2 2,123 83.8 86 3.9 326

Presence of disability not reported

63 49 - 49 - 0 - 14

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

Total

8,852 2,164 24.4 2,072 23.4 92 4.2 6,688

With service-connected disability

1,671 220 13.2 207 12.4 13 6.1 1,451

Less than 30 percent disability rating

490 104 21.3 98 20.1 6 5.6 386

30 to 50 percent disability rating

312 72 23.0 68 21.7 4 - 240

60 percent or higher disability rating

700 23 3.3 20 2.8 4 - 677

Disability rating not reported

169 21 12.5 21 12.5 - - 148

Without service-connected disability

6,919 1,857 26.8 1,779 25.7 78 4.2 5,062

Presence of disability not reported

262 87 33.1 87 33.1 0 0.0 175

Other service periods

Total

5,259 2,626 49.9 2,513 47.8 113 4.3 2,633

With service-connected disability

604 301 49.8 291 48.1 10 3.4 303

Less than 30 percent disability rating

205 131 64.0 129 62.9 2 1.7 74

30 to 50 percent disability rating

160 100 62.3 100 62.3 - - 60

60 percent or higher disability rating

167 47 28.2 42 25.0 5 - 120

Disability rating not reported

73 23 - 21 - 2 - 50

Without service-connected disability

4,553 2,271 49.9 2,168 47.6 103 4.5 2,281

Presence of disability not reported

102 54 52.5 54 52.5 0 - 49

MEN
VETERANS

Total

19,171 9,340 48.7 8,932 46.6 408 4.4 9,830

With service-connected disability

3,857 1,710 44.3 1,616 41.9 94 5.5 2,146

Less than 30 percent disability rating

1,120 599 53.4 577 51.5 21 3.6 522

30 to 50 percent disability rating

943 574 60.9 553 58.6 21 3.7 369

60 percent or higher disability rating

1,395 382 27.4 340 24.4 42 10.9 1,013

Disability rating not reported

398 155 39.0 146 36.6 10 6.1 242

Without service-connected disability

14,823 7,383 49.8 7,069 47.7 314 4.3 7,440

Presence of disability not reported

491 247 50.4 247 50.4 0 0.0 244

Gulf War era, total

Total

5,891 4,916 83.4 4,702 79.8 213 4.3 975

With service-connected disability

1,699 1,221 71.9 1,145 67.4 76 6.2 478

Less than 30 percent disability rating

451 371 82.2 358 79.3 13 3.6 80

30 to 50 percent disability rating

492 414 84.2 397 80.6 17 4.2 78

60 percent or higher disability rating

588 321 54.6 284 48.3 37 11.6 267

Disability rating not reported

168 115 68.5 106 63.4 8 7.4 53

Without service-connected disability

4,040 3,580 88.6 3,443 85.2 137 3.8 459

Presence of disability not reported

152 114 75.1 114 75.1 0 0.0 38

Gulf War era II

Total

2,972 2,493 83.9 2,368 79.7 125 5.0 480

With service-connected disability

972 715 73.5 672 69.1 42 5.9 258

Less than 30 percent disability rating

189 149 79.2 149 79.2 - - 39

30 to 50 percent disability rating

268 243 90.8 238 88.7 6 2.3 25

60 percent or higher disability rating

415 253 61.0 225 54.1 28 11.2 162

Disability rating not reported

100 68 68.3 60 59.8 8 - 32

Without service-connected disability

1,898 1,701 89.6 1,619 85.3 82 4.8 197

Presence of disability not reported

102 77 75.9 77 75.9 0 0.0 24

Gulf War era I

Total

2,919 2,423 83.0 2,334 80.0 89 3.7 496

With service-connected disability

727 506 69.7 473 65.0 34 6.7 220

Less than 30 percent disability rating

263 222 84.4 208 79.3 13 6.0 41

30 to 50 percent disability rating

224 171 76.2 159 71.0 12 6.9 53

60 percent or higher disability rating

172 67 39.1 59 34.1 9 - 105

Disability rating not reported

68 46 - 46 - - - 21

Without service-connected disability

2,141 1,880 87.8 1,825 85.2 55 2.9 262

Presence of disability not reported

51 37 - 37 - 0 - 13

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

Total

8,537 2,081 24.4 1,990 23.3 92 4.4 6,456

With service-connected disability

1,619 214 13.2 201 12.4 13 6.2 1,405

Less than 30 percent disability rating

479 104 21.7 98 20.5 6 5.6 375

30 to 50 percent disability rating

305 69 22.6 65 21.2 4 - 237

60 percent or higher disability rating

666 20 3.0 16 2.5 4 - 646

Disability rating not reported

169 21 12.5 21 12.5 - - 148

Without service-connected disability

6,669 1,785 26.8 1,707 25.6 78 4.4 4,884

Presence of disability not reported

248 82 32.9 82 32.9 0 0.0 167

Other service periods

Total

4,743 2,343 49.4 2,240 47.2 103 4.4 2,400

With service-connected disability

538 275 51.1 271 50.3 4 1.6 263

Less than 30 percent disability rating

190 123 65.0 121 63.8 2 1.9 66

30 to 50 percent disability rating

146 91 62.6 91 62.6 - - 54

60 percent or higher disability rating

142 41 29.1 40 28.4 1 - 101

Disability rating not reported

60 19 - 18 - 1 - 41

Without service-connected disability

4,114 2,017 49.0 1,918 46.6 99 4.9 2,097

Presence of disability not reported

91 51 56.7 51 56.7 0 - 39

WOMEN
VETERANS

Total

1,999 1,253 62.7 1,189 59.5 64 5.1 746

With service-connected disability

452 262 57.8 249 55.1 12 4.6 191

Less than 30 percent disability rating

119 65 54.8 60 50.3 5 - 54

30 to 50 percent disability rating

98 74 75.2 74 75.2 - - 24

60 percent or higher disability rating

199 108 54.0 102 51.3 5 5.0 92

Disability rating not reported

36 15 - 14 - 1 - 21

Without service-connected disability

1,487 967 65.0 918 61.8 48 5.0 520

Presence of disability not reported

60 25 - 21 - 4 - 35

Gulf War era, total

Total

1,168 888 76.0 833 71.3 55 6.2 280

With service-connected disability

334 230 68.7 223 66.7 6 2.8 105

Without service-connected disability

799 641 80.2 596 74.6 45 7.0 158

Presence of disability not reported

35 18 - 14 - 4 - 17

Gulf War era II

Total

636 467 73.3 443 69.7 23 5.0 170

With service-connected disability

208 149 71.6 144 69.1 5 3.6 59

Without service-connected disability

406 311 76.8 297 73.3 14 4.5 94

Presence of disability not reported

22 6 - 2 - 4 - 16

Gulf War era I

Total

532 421 79.3 390 73.3 32 7.5 110

With service-connected disability

126 80 63.8 79 62.9 1 1.4 46

Without service-connected disability

393 329 83.8 299 76.0 31 9.3 64

Presence of disability not reported

12 12 - 12 - 0 - 1

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

Total

315 83 26.2 83 26.2 - - 232

With service-connected disability

52 6 - 6 - - - 46

Without service-connected disability

250 72 28.7 72 28.7 - - 178

Presence of disability not reported

13 5 - 5 - - - 8

Other service periods

Total

516 282 54.7 273 52.9 9 3.3 234

With service-connected disability

66 26 - 20 - 6 - 40

Without service-connected disability

439 254 58.0 251 57.1 4 1.4 184

Presence of disability not reported

11 2 - 2 - 0 - 9

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. A service-connected disability is a health condition or impairment caused or made worse by military service. The associated disability rating, which can range from 0 to 100 percent, is determined from a rating schedule published in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, "Title 38." More information appears in the Technical Note of this release. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology.


Table 8. Employed persons 18 years and over by veteran status, presence of service-connected disability, period of service, and class of worker, August 2015, not seasonally adjusted
Veteran status, presence of disability, and
period of service
Total
employed
(thousands)
Percent distribution by class of worker
Total Agriculture
and related
industries
Nonagricultural industries
Total Wage and salary workers(1) Self-
employed,
unincor-
porated,
and unpaid
family
workers
Private
sector
Government
Total Federal State
and
local

Veterans, total(2)

10,121 100.0 1.7 98.3 70.2 22.5 10.2 12.4 5.6

With service-connected disability

1,866 100.0 1.6 98.4 58.5 36.1 25.0 11.1 3.8

Without service-connected disability

7,987 100.0 1.7 98.3 72.6 19.6 6.9 12.7 6.1

Gulf War era, total(2)

5,536 100.0 0.7 99.3 70.0 26.6 13.3 13.3 2.7

With service-connected disability

1,368 100.0 0.6 99.4 58.2 38.5 27.6 10.9 2.6

Without service-connected disability

4,040 100.0 0.7 99.3 73.9 22.8 8.7 14.2 2.6

Gulf War era II(2)

2,812 100.0 0.8 99.2 70.3 27.2 15.1 12.2 1.6

With service-connected disability

816 100.0 0.8 99.2 60.2 36.2 24.8 11.3 2.9

Without service-connected disability

1,916 100.0 0.9 99.1 74.4 23.5 11.1 12.5 1.2

Gulf War era I(2)

2,724 100.0 0.5 99.5 69.7 26.0 11.5 14.5 3.7

With service-connected disability

552 100.0 0.4 99.6 55.3 41.9 31.7 10.2 2.3

Without service-connected disability

2,123 100.0 0.5 99.5 73.3 22.2 6.5 15.7 3.9

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era(2)

2,072 100.0 4.2 95.8 68.1 14.1 5.4 8.7 13.6

With service-connected disability

207 100.0 8.9 91.1 58.3 18.6 10.9 7.7 14.2

Without service-connected disability

1,779 100.0 3.5 96.5 68.5 13.7 5.0 8.8 14.2

Other service periods(2)

2,513 100.0 1.8 98.2 72.4 20.4 7.1 13.2 5.4

With service-connected disability

291 100.0 0.7 99.3 60.2 37.3 22.5 14.8 1.7

Without service-connected disability

2,168 100.0 2.0 98.0 73.5 18.4 5.2 13.2 6.0

Nonveterans

137,213 100.0 1.7 98.3 79.4 13.0 2.0 11.0 5.9

(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Includes veterans who did not report presence of disability.

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. A service-connected disability is a health condition or impairment caused or made worse by military service. The associated disability rating, which can range from 0 to 100 percent, is determined from a rating schedule published in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, "Title 38." More information appears in the Technical Note of this release. Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology.


Table 9. Employment status of Gulf War era veterans by Reserve or National Guard status, August 2015, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Period of service and
Reserve or National Guard status
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force Not in labor
force
Total Percent
of
population
Employed Unemployed
Total Percent
of population
Total Percent
of labor force

VETERANS

Gulf War era, total

Total

7,059 5,804 82.2 5,536 78.4 268 4.6 1,255

Current or past member of Reserve or National Guard

2,470 2,052 83.1 1,969 79.7 83 4.1 418

Never a member of Reserve or National Guard

4,363 3,593 82.4 3,409 78.1 185 5.1 769

Reserve or National Guard membership not reported

226 158 69.9 158 69.9 0 0.0 68

Gulf War era II

Total

3,609 2,959 82.0 2,812 77.9 148 5.0 649

Current or past member of Reserve or National Guard

1,393 1,160 83.3 1,119 80.3 41 3.5 233

Never a member of Reserve or National Guard

2,083 1,720 82.6 1,614 77.5 107 6.2 363

Reserve or National Guard membership not reported

132 79 59.6 79 59.6 0 0.0 53

Gulf War era I

Total

3,450 2,845 82.4 2,724 79.0 120 4.2 606

Current or past member of Reserve or National Guard

1,077 892 82.9 850 78.9 42 4.7 184

Never a member of Reserve or National Guard

2,280 1,873 82.2 1,795 78.7 78 4.2 407

Reserve or National Guard membership not reported

94 79 84.3 79 84.3 0 0.0 15

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. The Gulf War era began in August 1990 and continues to the present day. It is divided into two periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present) and Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent period. Data do not include Reserve and National Guard members who have never been called to Active Duty. Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology.


Table 10. Employment status of Gulf War-era II veterans 18 years and over by location of service, August 2015, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Period of service and location Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force Not in labor
force
Total Percent
of
population
Employed Unemployed
Total Percent
of population
Number Rate

Total, Gulf War-era II veterans

3,609 2,959 82.0 2,812 77.9 148 5.0 649

Served in Iraq, Afghanistan, or both(1)

1,665 1,308 78.6 1,251 75.1 57 4.4 357

Served in Iraq(2)

1,412 1,124 79.6 1,078 76.3 46 4.1 288

Served in Afghanistan(3)

643 484 75.2 464 72.2 19 4.0 159

Served in both locations(4)

390 300 76.8 291 74.6 9 2.9 90

Served elsewhere

1,944 1,651 85.0 1,560 80.3 91 5.5 292

(1) Refers to veterans who served in Iraq at anytime since March 2003 and veterans who served in Afghanistan at anytime since October 2001. Also includes veterans who served in both countries.
(2) Includes all veterans who served in Iraq at any time since March 2003, whether or not they also served in Afghanistan.
(3) Includes all veterans who served in Afghanistan at any time since October 2001, whether or not they also served in Iraq.
(4) Veterans who served in both Iraq and Afghanistan during the designated dates are also included in the totals of each location above.

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Gulf War-era II veterans served anywhere in the world at any time since September 2001. Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology.


Last Modified Date: March 22, 2016