For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, March 22, 2016                         USDL-16-0611

Technical information:  (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                    EMPLOYMENT SITUATION OF VETERANS -- 2015


The unemployment rate for veterans who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed 
Forces at any time since September 2001--a group referred to as Gulf War-era II 
veterans--declined by 1.4 percentage points over the year to 5.8 percent in 2015, 
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The jobless rate for all 
veterans, at 4.6 percent, also declined from a year earlier. About 33 percent of
Gulf War-era II veterans reported having a service-connected disability in August
2015, compared with 20 percent of all veterans.

This information was obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a monthly 
sample survey of about 60,000 households that provides data on employment and
unemployment in the United States. Data about veterans are collected monthly in
the CPS; those monthly data are the source of the 2015 annual averages presented in
this news release. In August 2015, a supplement to the CPS collected additional 
information about veterans on topics such as service-connected disability and 
veterans' current or past Reserve or National Guard membership. Information from 
the supplement is also presented in this release. The supplement was co-sponsored 
by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and by the U.S. Department of Labor's 
Veterans' Employment and Training Service. For more information, see the Technical
Note, which provides definitions of terms used in this release. 

Estimates from the August 2015 veterans supplement shown in tables 7 through 10
of this release reflect a change in the weighting methodology. See the note at
the end of this news release for more information.

Highlights from the 2015 data:

--The unemployment rate for male veterans overall was lower than the rate 
  for female veterans in 2015. The unemployment rate for male veterans 
  declined to 4.5 percent. The rate for female veterans changed little at 
  5.4 percent. (See table A.)

--Among the 495,000 unemployed veterans in 2015, 57 percent were age 45 
  and over. About 37 percent were age 25 to 44, and 5 percent were age 18 
  to 24. (See table 2A.)

--Veterans with a service-connected disability had an unemployment rate of 
  5.4 percent in August 2015, not statistically different from veterans 
  with no disability. (See table 7.)

--More than 1 in 3 employed veterans with a service-connected disability 
  worked in the public sector in August 2015, compared with about 1 in 5 
  veterans with no disability. (See table 8.)

--In 2015, the unemployment rate of veterans varied across the country, 
  ranging from 1.9 percent in Iowa to 7.7 percent in the District of 
  Columbia. (See table 6A.)

The Veteran Population

In 2015, 21.2 million men and women were veterans, accounting for about 9 percent 
of the civilian noninstitutional population age 18 and over. In the survey, 
veterans are defined as men and women who have previously served on active duty in 
the U.S. Armed Forces and who were civilians at the time these data were collected. 
Veterans are more likely to be men and older than nonveterans. In part, this 
reflects the characteristics of veterans who served during World War II, the Korean 
War, and the Vietnam era. Veterans who served during these wartime periods 
accounted for 42 percent (8.9 million) of the total veteran population in 2015. 
One-third of veterans (7.0 million) served during Gulf War era I (August 1990 to 
August 2001) or Gulf War era II (September 2001 forward). Another quarter 
(5.3 million) served outside the designated wartime periods. About 9 percent of 
all veterans are women. (See table 1.)

Gulf War-era II Veterans

In 2015, there were 3.6 million veterans who had served during Gulf War era II. 
Eighteen percent of these veterans were women, compared with about 4 percent of 
veterans from World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam era. Nearly half of 
all Gulf War-era II veterans were between the ages of 25 and 34. 
(See tables 1 and 2A.)

Among Gulf War-era II veterans, the unemployment rate for men was not statistically 
different from the rate for women in 2015. The unemployment rate for men was 5.7
percent in 2015, down from 6.9 percent in 2014. The unemployment rate for women, 
at 6.4 percent in 2015, was not statistically different from the prior year 
(8.5 percent). (See table A.)

The unemployment rate for male Gulf War-era II veterans (5.7 percent) was little 
different than the rate for male nonveterans (5.3 percent) in 2015. For most age 
groups, unemployment rates of male veterans and nonveterans were not statistically 
different. Among men age 25 to 34, Gulf War-era II veterans had a higher unemployment
rate (6.8 percent) than did nonveterans (5.4 percent). Among men age 45 to 54,
however, Gulf War-era II veterans had a lower unemployment rate (2.6 percent)
than did nonveterans (3.7 percent). (See table 2B.)

Among women, the unemployment rate for Gulf War-era II veterans (6.4 percent) was 
not statistically different from the rate for nonveterans (5.0 percent) in 2015. 
By age, unemployment rates for female veterans and nonveterans were similar. 
(See table 2C.)

A higher proportion of employed Gulf War-era II veterans worked in the public sector 
in 2015 than employed nonveterans--26 percent and 14 percent, respectively. Among the 
employed, 14 percent of Gulf War-era II veterans worked for the federal government, 
compared with 2 percent of nonveterans. (See table 5.)

In August 2015, 46 percent of Gulf War-era II veterans reported serving in Iraq, 
Afghanistan, or both locations. These veterans had an unemployment rate of 4.4 
percent, not statistically different from Gulf War-era II veterans who served 
elsewhere (5.5 percent). (Beginning with data for August 2015, these estimates 
from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology; see 
the note at the end of this news release.) (See table 10.)

Gulf War-era I Veterans

Of the 3.4 million veterans who served during Gulf War era I (August 1990 to August 
2001), the proportion who were women (15 percent in 2015) was similar to that of 
Gulf War-era II veterans (18 percent). Almost all (97 percent) Gulf War-era I 
veterans were age 35 and over in 2015, compared with 46 percent of Gulf War-era 
II veterans. (See tables 1 and 2A.)

In 2015, the unemployment rate for male Gulf War-era I veterans was 3.5 percent, 
lower than the rate for their Gulf War-era II veteran counterparts (5.7 percent). 
The difference in the unemployment rates reflects, at least in part, the older age
profile of veterans who served during Gulf War era I. Younger people--whether
veterans or nonveterans--tend to have higher unemployment rates than older people.
Among women, the rates for Gulf War-era I veterans (5.5 percent) and Gulf 
War-era II veterans (6.4 percent) were not statistically different. 
(See tables 2B and 2C.)

Veterans of Other Service Periods

In 2015, 5.3 million veterans had served on active duty during "other service 
periods," mainly between the Korean War and the Vietnam era and between the Vietnam 
era and Gulf War era I. All veterans for this period of service were 40 years or 
older at the time of the survey. Thirty percent of these veterans were age 45 to 
54 in 2015, another 29 percent were age 55 to 64, and another 40 percent were age 
65 and over. (See table 2A.)

In 2015, 9 in 10 veterans of other service periods were men. Among veterans of other 
service periods, the unemployment rate for men was 4.5 percent, higher than the rate 
of 3.3 percent for women. (See table 1.)

Veterans with a Service-connected Disability 	

In August 2015, about 4.3 million veterans, or 20 percent of the total, had a 
service-connected disability. (Beginning with data for August 2015, these estimates 
from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology. This 
change resulted in a higher estimate of veterans with a service-connected disability 
than in past years. See the note at the end of this news release for more information 
about the change in methodology.) Veterans with a service-connected disability are
assigned a disability rating by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs or the U.S.
Department of Defense. Ratings range from 0 to 100 percent, in increments of 10
percentage points, depending on the severity of the condition. (See table 7.)

The unemployment rate for veterans with a service-connected disability was 
5.4 percent in August 2015, not statistically different from those with no 
disability (4.3 percent). The labor force participation rate for veterans with 
a service-connected disability (45.8 percent) was lower than the rate for those 
with no disability (51.2 percent). 

Among veterans with a service-connected disability, about 29 percent reported a 
disability rating of less than 30 percent, while another 37 percent had a rating 
of 60 percent or higher. In August 2015, veterans with a service-connected 
disability rating of less than 30 percent were much more likely to be in the labor 
force than those with a rating of 60 percent or higher (53.6 percent and 30.7 
percent, respectively). The unemployment rate for veterans with a disability rating 
of less than 30 percent was 4.0 percent, much lower than for those with a 
disability rating of 60 percent or higher (9.6 percent).

Among veterans who served during Gulf War era II, about 1 in 3 (1.2 million) 
reported having a service-connected disability. Of these, 73.2 percent were in the 
labor force in August 2015, lower than the 87.3 percent for veterans from this 
period with no service-connected disability. Among Gulf War-era II veterans, the 
unemployment rate of those with a service-connected disability was 5.5 percent, not 
statistically different from those with no disability (4.8 percent).

In August 2015, about a quarter (853,000) of veterans who served during Gulf War 
era I reported a service-connected disability. Their labor force participation rate 
(68.8 percent) was lower than the rate for veterans from the era who did not have 
a disability (87.2 percent). The unemployment rate for Gulf War-era I veterans 
with a service-connected disability was not statistically different than that for 
Gulf War-era I veterans without a service-connected disability.

Among the 1.7 million veterans with a service-connected disability from World War 
II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam era, 13.2 percent were in the labor force in 
August 2015, lower than the 26.8 percent of veterans from these periods who did not 
have a service-connected disability. The unemployment rate of veterans with a 
disability from these wartime periods was 6.1 percent, not statistically different 
from their counterparts with no disability (4.2 percent).

About 11 percent of veterans who served during other service periods reported a 
service-connected disability in August 2015. Neither the labor force participation 
rate nor the unemployment rate for these veterans were different from their 
counterparts without a service-connected disability.

Regardless of period of service, many veterans with a service-connected disability 
worked in the public sector. In August 2015, 36 percent of employed veterans with a 
disability worked in federal, state, or local government, compared with 20 percent 
of veterans with no disability and 13 percent of nonveterans. Among the employed, 
25 percent of veterans with a disability worked for the federal government, 
compared with 7 percent of veterans with no disability and 2 percent of nonveterans. 
(See table 8.)

Reserve and National Guard Membership

In August 2015, 35 percent of Gulf War-era veterans (August 1990 to present) were 
reported to be current or past members of the Reserve or National Guard. (Beginning 
with data for August 2015, these estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a 
change in the weighting methodology. This resulted in more veterans counted among 
Reserve or National Guard members than in past years. See the note at the end of
this news release for more information about the change in methodology.) Labor force
participation rates were not statistically different for veterans who were current
or past members of the Reserve or National Guard compared with veterans who were never 
members. Among Gulf War-era II veterans, those who were current or past members of 
the Reserve or National Guard had a lower unemployment rate than those who had 
never been members (3.5 percent and 6.2 percent, respectively). For veterans 
of Gulf War era I, unemployment rates were similar for members and nonmembers. 
(See table 9.)


    Change in the weighting methodology for August 2015 veterans supplement data

Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans supplement reflect 
a change in the weighting methodology. The veterans supplement data in this release 
use a weight that accounts for supplement nonresponse--that is, people who completed 
the supplement are weighted to represent those who did not respond to the supplement 
at all. This methodology is consistent with how data for many other supplements to 
the Current Population Survey (CPS) are weighted.

The change in the weighting methodology resulted in only minor differences in the
number of veterans overall and by period of service. The impact of the new weighting
methodology on unemployment rates and other ratios was negligible. There was no
statistical difference in these rates as calculated under the old or new weighting
methodology. 

The biggest impact of the change in the weighting methodology was to greatly reduce
the number of people in the "did not report" category for items like the presence of a
service-connected disability, membership in the Reserve or National Guard, and location
of service for Gulf War-era II veterans. As a result, estimates of the number of veterans
in other categories for these items increased. For example, under the former weighting
methodology about 16 percent of veterans had a service-connected disability, compared
with 20 percent under the new methodology. While much lower, there are still a relatively
small number of veterans in the "did not report" categories because a small number of
people responded to some, but not all, of the questions in the supplement. The effect
of the change in the weighting methodology is shown in the comparison table below.

This change in the weighting methodology affects only the data for veterans from the August
2015 veterans supplement shown in tables 7 through 10 in this news release. The annual
averages displayed in table A and tables 1 through 6B, which are based on the monthly CPS,
are not affected. Data for nonveterans are not affected. Data from the August 2015 veterans
supplement are not strictly comparable to data from veteran supplements in prior years. 


Comparison table. Effect of the change in weighting methodology on estimates of veterans from the August 2015 
veterans supplement
[Numbers in thousands]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                              |                     |                     |                     
                                              |                     |                     |                     
                                              |   New methodology   |  Former methodology |      Difference     
                                              | (supplement weight) |    (basic monthly   |                     
                                              |                     |       weight)       |                     
                 Characteristic               |-----------------------------------------------------------------
                                              | Civilian  |         | Civilian |          | Civilian  |         
                                              | noninsti- | Percent | noninsti-|  Percent | noninsti- |  Percent
                                              | tutional  | distri- | tutional |  distri- | tutional  |  distri-
                                              |  popu-    | bution  |  popu-   |  bution  |  popu-    |  bution 
                                              |  lation   |         |  lation  |          |  lation   |   (1)   
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total veterans, 18 years and over.............|   21,170  |   100.0 |   21,171 |    100.0 |     -1    |   0.0   
  With service-connected disability...........|    4,309  |    20.4 |    3,485 |     16.5 |    824    |   3.9   
    Less than 30 percent disability rating....|    1,239  |     5.9 |    1,000 |      4.7 |    239    |   1.1   
    30 to 50 percent disability rating........|    1,041  |     4.9 |      842 |      4.0 |    199    |   0.9   
    60 percent or higher disability rating....|    1,595  |     7.5 |    1,291 |      6.1 |    304    |   1.4   
    Disability rating not reported............|      434  |     2.1 |      352 |      1.7 |     82    |   0.4   
  Without service-connected disability........|   16,310  |    77.0 |   13,221 |     62.4 |  3,089    |  14.6   
  Presence of disability not reported.........|      551  |     2.6 |    4,465 |     21.1 | -3,914    | -18.5   
                                              |           |         |          |          |           |         
Total, Gulf War-era veterans..................|    7,059  |   100.0 |    7,060 |    100.0 |     -1    |   0.0   
  Current or past member of Reserve or        |           |         |          |          |           |         
    National Guard............................|    2,470  |    35.0 |    1,954 |     27.7 |    516    |   7.3   
  Never a member of Reserve or National Guard.|    4,363  |    61.8 |    3,459 |     49.0 |    904    |  12.8   
  Reserve or National Guard membership        |           |         |          |          |           |         
    not reported .............................|      226  |     3.2 |    1,647 |     23.3 | -1,421    | -20.1   
                                              |           |         |          |          |           |         
Total, Gulf War-era II veterans...............|    3,609  |   100.0 |    3,581 |    100.0 |     28    |   0.0   
  Served in Iraq, Afghanistan, or both........|    1,665  |    46.1 |    1,304 |     36.4 |    361    |   9.7   
    Served in Iraq............................|    1,412  |    39.1 |    1,109 |     31.0 |    303    |   8.2   
    Served in Afghanistan.....................|      643  |    17.8 |      507 |     14.2 |    136    |   3.7   
    Served in both locations..................|      390  |    10.8 |      312 |      8.7 |     78    |   2.1   
  Served elsewhere............................|    1,944  |    53.9 |    1,508 |     42.1 |    436    |  11.8   
  Location of service not reported............|        0  |     0.0 |      769 |     21.5 |   -769    | -21.5   
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Differences are calculated from unrounded estimates.
NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

Table A. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, 2014-2015 annual averages [Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status and period of service	2014			2015
	Total	Men	Women	Total	Men	Women
TOTAL VETERANS
Civilian noninstitutional population	21,229	19,023	2,206	21,209	19,212	1,997
Civilian labor force	10,744	9,358	1,386	10,757	9,517	1,241
Participation rate	50.6	49.2	62.8	50.7	49.5	62.1
Employed	10,171	8,868	1,303	10,263	9,089	1,174
Employment-population ratio	47.9	46.6	59.0	48.4	47.3	58.8
Unemployed	573	490	83	495	428	67
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.2	6.0	4.6	4.5	5.4
Not in labor force	10,485	9,664	821	10,452	9,695	757
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,185	2,549	635	3,594	2,959	635
Civilian labor force	2,535	2,096	439	2,913	2,462	451
Participation rate	79.6	82.2	69.2	81.0	83.2	71.0
Employed	2,353	1,952	402	2,745	2,322	422
Employment-population ratio	73.9	76.6	63.3	76.4	78.5	66.4
Unemployed	182	144	37	168	140	29
Unemployment rate	7.2	6.9	8.5	5.8	5.7	6.4
Not in labor force	649	453	196	681	497	184
NONVETERANS
Civilian noninstitutional population	217,820	96,213	121,607	220,740	97,380	123,360
Civilian labor force	143,207	72,565	70,641	144,385	73,107	71,278
Participation rate	65.7	75.4	58.1	65.4	75.1	57.8
Employed	134,589	68,095	66,494	136,947	69,243	67,704
Employment-population ratio	61.8	70.8	54.7	62.0	71.1	54.9
Unemployed	8,618	4,470	4,148	7,439	3,864	3,574
Unemployment rate	6.0	6.2	5.9	5.2	5.3	5.0
Not in labor force	74,613	23,647	50,966	76,355	24,273	52,082
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Gulf War-era II veterans served on active duty anywhere in the world sometime since September 2001. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces.

Technical Note

   The data in this release were collected through the Current Population Survey
(CPS). The CPS--a monthly survey of about 60,000 eligible households conducted by
the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics--obtains information
on employment and unemployment among the nation's civilian noninstitutional
population age 16 and over.

   Most of the data in this release are annual averages for 2015, compiled from the
results of the monthly survey. In August 2015, a supplement to the CPS collected
additional information about veterans on topics such as service-connected disability,
veterans' Reserve or National Guard status, and veterans who served in Iraq and/or
Afghanistan. The supplement was co-sponsored by the U.S. Department of Veterans
Affairs and by the U.S. Department of Labor's Veterans' Employment and Training
Service. Questions were asked of persons 17 years of age and older regarding their
prior service in the U.S. Armed Forces. Data are tabulated for persons 18 years of
age and older.

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals
upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Definitions

   The definitions underlying the data in this release are as follows:

   Veterans are men and women who previously served on active duty in the U.S.
Armed Forces and who were civilians at the time they were surveyed. Members of
the Reserve and National Guard are counted as veterans if they had ever been
called  to active duty. Persons who are on active duty at the time of the survey
are outside the scope of the survey and thus not in the estimates shown here, as
are persons who reside in institutions, such as nursing homes and prisons.

   Nonveterans are men and women who never served on active duty in the U.S.
Armed Forces.

   World War II, Korean War, Vietnam-era, and Gulf War-era veterans are men and
women who served in the U.S. Armed Forces during these periods of service, 
regardless of where in the world they served. Veterans who served in more than 
one wartime period are classified in the most recent one.

   Veterans of other service periods are men and women who served in the U.S. Armed
Forces at any time other than World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam era, or
the Gulf War era. Although U.S. Armed Forces were engaged in several armed conflicts
during other service periods, these conflicts were more limited in scope and included
a smaller proportion of the Armed Forces than the selected wartime periods. Veterans
who served during one of the selected wartime periods and during another period are
classified in the wartime period.

   Veteran status is obtained from responses to the question, "Did you ever serve
on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces?"

   Period of service identifies when a veteran served in the Armed Forces, but 
not the location of their service. It is obtained from answers to the question 
asked of veterans, "When did you serve on active duty in the  U.S. Armed Forces?"

   The following service periods are identified:

      Gulf War era II -- September 2001-present
      Gulf War era I  -- August 1990-August 2001
      Vietnam era     -- August 1964-April 1975
      Korean War      -- July 1950-January 1955
      World War II    -- December 1941-December 1946
      Other service periods -- All other time periods

   Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service. 
Veterans are counted only in one period of service, their most recent wartime period. 
Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent 
one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are 
classified in the wartime period. The period-of-service definitions are modified 
occasionally to reflect changes in law, regulations, and program needs of the survey 
sponsors.

   Veterans who served in Iraq, Afghanistan, or both are individuals who served in
Iraq at any time since March 2003, in Afghanistan at any time since October 2001,
or in both locations. Service in Iraq or Afghanistan is determined by answers to
two questions: "Did you serve in Iraq, off the coast of Iraq, or did you fly missions
over Iraq at any time since March 2003?" and "Did you serve in Afghanistan, or
did you fly missions over Afghanistan, at any time since October 2001?"

   Presence of service-connected disability is determined by answers to the question,
"Has the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) or Department of Defense (DoD) determined
that you have a service-connected disability, that is, a health condition or
impairment caused or made worse by any of your military service?"

   Service-connected disability rating is based on answers to the question, "What
is your current service-connected disability rating?" Answers can range from 0 to
100 percent, in increments of 10 percentage points. Ratings are determined by the
VA or DoD from a rating schedule published in the Code of Federal Regulations,
Title 38, "Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief," Part 4--"Schedule for Rating
Disabilities." The rating schedule is "primarily a guide in the evaluation of 
disability resulting from all types of diseases and injuries encountered as a result
of or incident to military service. The percentage ratings represent as far as can
practicably be determined the average impairment in earning capacity resulting from
such diseases and injuries and their residual conditions in civil occupations." 
Part 4 contains a listing of hundreds of possible disorders and assigns ratings of
0 through 100 percent, with instructions for rating multiple disorders.

   Reserve and National Guard membership refers only to Gulf War-era veterans who are 
current or past members of the Reserve or National Guard. Members of the Reserve and
National Guard are counted as veterans if they had ever been called to active duty.
These data do not refer to all persons who may have ever served in the Reserve or 
National Guard. Reserve or National Guard status is obtained from answers to two 
questions. Gulf War-era veterans were asked: "Was any of your active service the 
result of a call-up from the Reserve or National Guard?" If the answer was no, they
were  asked, "Have you ever been a member of the Reserve or National Guard?" A 'yes' 
response to either question classified persons as "Current or past member of the 
Reserve or National Guard." A 'no' response to the latter question classified 
persons as "Never a member of the Reserve or National Guard."

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that
the sample estimates will differ from the true population values they represent. The
component of this difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is known as
sampling error, and its variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate.
There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on
a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population
value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent
level of confidence.

   The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur
for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, the
inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, the inability or
unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, and errors made in the
collection or processing of the data.

   Information about the reliability of national data from the CPS and estimating
standard errors is available at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability.

   For a discussion of the reliability of state estimates from the CPS, such as those
in tables 6A and 6B of this release, see www.bls.gov/opub/gp/gpapndb.htm.

Comparability of the estimates

   Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans supplement shown in 
tables 7 through 10 of this release reflect a change in the weighting methodology. 
As a result of this change, the August 2015 estimates of the number of veterans with
a service-connected disability, veteran Reserve or National Guard members, and veterans 
who served in Iraq or Afghanistan were higher than in previous years. The supplement 
data presented in this release are not strictly comparable with data for earlier years 
due to the change.  See the note above for more information about the change in 
weighting methodology.

Table 1. Employment status of persons 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2015 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status, period of service, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force						Not in labor force
		Total	Percent of population	Employed		Unemployed
				Total	Percent of population	Total	Percent of labor force
TOTAL
Total, 18 years and over	241,949	155,143	64.1	147,209	60.8	7,933	5.1	86,807
Veterans	21,209	10,757	50.7	10,263	48.4	495	4.6	10,452
Gulf War era, total	7,035	5,681	80.8	5,407	76.9	274	4.8	1,354
Gulf War era II	3,594	2,913	81.0	2,745	76.4	168	5.8	681
Gulf War era I	3,440	2,768	80.4	2,662	77.4	105	3.8	673
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	8,901	2,350	26.4	2,248	25.3	102	4.3	6,551
Other service periods	5,273	2,726	51.7	2,608	49.5	119	4.4	2,547
Nonveterans	220,740	144,385	65.4	136,947	62.0	7,439	5.2	76,355
Men
Total, 18 years and over	116,591	82,624	70.9	78,332	67.2	4,292	5.2	33,968
Veterans	19,212	9,517	49.5	9,089	47.3	428	4.5	9,695
Gulf War era, total	5,870	4,840	82.5	4,617	78.6	224	4.6	1,030
Gulf War era II	2,959	2,462	83.2	2,322	78.5	140	5.7	497
Gulf War era I	2,911	2,378	81.7	2,294	78.8	84	3.5	533
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	8,585	2,264	26.4	2,168	25.3	96	4.2	6,320
Other service periods	4,756	2,412	50.7	2,303	48.4	108	4.5	2,345
Nonveterans	97,380	73,107	75.1	69,243	71.1	3,864	5.3	24,273
Women
Total, 18 years and over	125,358	72,519	57.8	68,878	54.9	3,641	5.0	52,839
Veterans	1,997	1,241	62.1	1,174	58.8	67	5.4	757
Gulf War era, total	1,164	840	72.2	790	67.8	50	6.0	324
Gulf War era II	635	451	71.0	422	66.4	29	6.4	184
Gulf War era I	529	389	73.6	368	69.5	21	5.5	140
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	317	86	27.2	80	25.3	6	6.8	231
Other service periods	516	314	60.9	304	58.9	10	3.3	202
Nonveterans	123,360	71,278	57.8	67,704	54.9	3,574	5.0	52,082
White
Total, 18 years and over	190,329	122,028	64.1	116,625	61.3	5,402	4.4	68,302
Veterans	17,822	8,770	49.2	8,416	47.2	353	4.0	9,053
Gulf War era, total	5,483	4,474	81.6	4,282	78.1	192	4.3	1,009
Gulf War era II	2,847	2,328	81.8	2,208	77.6	119	5.1	519
Gulf War era I	2,637	2,146	81.4	2,074	78.6	73	3.4	490
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	7,932	2,096	26.4	2,019	25.4	77	3.7	5,837
Other service periods	4,407	2,200	49.9	2,115	48.0	84	3.8	2,207
Nonveterans	172,507	113,258	65.7	108,209	62.7	5,049	4.5	59,249
Black or African American
Total, 18 years and over	30,112	19,144	63.6	17,365	57.7	1,779	9.3	10,969
Veterans	2,475	1,437	58.1	1,328	53.7	110	7.6	1,038
Gulf War era, total	1,109	856	77.2	793	71.5	64	7.4	252
Gulf War era II	515	398	77.3	361	70.1	37	9.3	117
Gulf War era I	594	458	77.2	432	72.7	27	5.8	135
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	706	181	25.7	162	23.0	19	10.7	524
Other service periods	660	399	60.5	373	56.5	26	6.6	261
Nonveterans	27,638	17,706	64.1	16,037	58.0	1,669	9.4	9,931
Asian
Total, 18 years and over	13,885	8,922	64.3	8,587	61.8	335	3.8	4,963
Veterans	301	192	63.6	186	61.7	6	3.1	110
Gulf War era, total	150	123	81.7	120	79.9	3	2.2	28
Gulf War era II	85	66	78.3	65	76.6	1	2.1	18
Gulf War era I	66	57	86.1	55	84.2	1	2.3	9
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	89	31	34.5	29	33.2	1	-	58
Other service periods	62	38	61.6	36	58.0	2	5.8	24
Nonveterans	13,583	8,730	64.3	8,401	61.8	329	3.8	4,853
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Total, 18 years and over	37,504	25,678	68.5	24,031	64.1	1,647	6.4	11,826
Veterans	1,468	958	65.3	899	61.2	60	6.2	509
Gulf War era, total	773	638	82.6	598	77.3	41	6.4	135
Gulf War era II	493	406	82.3	379	77.0	26	6.5	87
Gulf War era I	280	233	83.1	218	77.9	15	6.3	47
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	381	122	32.1	119	31.1	4	3.0	259
Other service periods	314	198	63.0	183	58.2	15	7.5	116
Nonveterans	36,036	24,720	68.6	23,132	64.2	1,588	6.4	11,317
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).

Table 2A. Employment status of persons 18 years and over by veteran status, age, and period of service, 2015 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status, age, and period of service	Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force						Not in labor force
		Total	Percent of population	Employed		Unemployed
				Total	Percent of population	Total	Percent of labor force
TOTAL VETERANS
Total, 18 years and over	21,209	10,757	50.7	10,263	48.4	495	4.6	10,452
18 to 24 years	264	199	75.3	173	65.6	26	13.0	65
25 to 34 years	1,764	1,457	82.6	1,356	76.9	101	6.9	307
35 to 44 years	2,332	2,020	86.6	1,936	83.1	83	4.1	312
45 to 54 years	3,334	2,779	83.4	2,684	80.5	95	3.4	554
55 to 64 years	3,871	2,382	61.5	2,270	58.6	112	4.7	1,489
65 years and over	9,645	1,921	19.9	1,843	19.1	77	4.0	7,724
Gulf War era, total
Total, 18 years and over	7,035	5,681	80.8	5,407	76.9	274	4.8	1,354
18 to 24 years	264	199	75.3	173	65.6	26	13.0	65
25 to 34 years	1,764	1,457	82.6	1,356	76.9	101	6.9	307
35 to 44 years	2,274	1,970	86.6	1,888	83.0	83	4.2	304
45 to 54 years	1,759	1,492	84.8	1,448	82.3	44	3.0	267
55 to 64 years	740	502	67.8	484	65.5	17	3.4	238
65 years and over	234	61	26.1	58	24.8	3	5.0	173
Gulf War era II
Total, 18 years and over	3,594	2,913	81.0	2,745	76.4	168	5.8	681
18 to 24 years	264	199	75.3	173	65.6	26	13.0	65
25 to 34 years	1,669	1,381	82.7	1,287	77.1	94	6.8	288
35 to 44 years	829	700	84.5	672	81.1	28	4.0	129
45 to 54 years	565	469	83.1	456	80.7	14	2.9	95
55 to 64 years	210	144	68.7	138	65.8	6	4.3	66
65 years and over	58	19	33.9	19	32.3	1	-	38
Gulf War era I
Total, 25 years and over	3,440	2,768	80.4	2,662	77.4	105	3.8	673
25 to 34 years	95	76	80.4	69	72.4	8	9.9	19
35 to 44 years	1,446	1,270	87.9	1,216	84.1	54	4.3	175
45 to 54 years	1,194	1,023	85.6	992	83.1	30	3.0	171
55 to 64 years	530	357	67.4	346	65.4	11	3.1	173
65 years and over	176	41	23.5	39	22.3	2	5.2	135
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era
Total, 55 years and over	8,901	2,350	26.4	2,248	25.3	102	4.3	6,551
55 to 64 years	1,580	818	51.8	776	49.1	42	5.1	762
65 years and over	7,321	1,532	20.9	1,472	20.1	60	3.9	5,789
Other service periods
Total, 35 years and over	5,273	2,726	51.7	2,608	49.5	119	4.4	2,547
35 to 44 years	57	50	86.9	49	85.4	1	1.7	8
45 to 54 years	1,575	1,287	81.7	1,236	78.5	51	4.0	288
55 to 64 years	1,551	1,062	68.4	1,009	65.1	52	4.9	489
65 years and over	2,090	328	15.7	313	15.0	14	4.4	1,762
TOTAL NONVETERANS
Total, 18 years and over	220,740	144,385	65.4	136,947	62.0	7,439	5.2	76,355
18 to 24 years	29,474	19,037	64.6	16,959	57.5	2,078	10.9	10,438
25 to 34 years	41,007	33,190	80.9	31,386	76.5	1,803	5.4	7,818
35 to 44 years	37,369	30,583	81.8	29,316	78.4	1,267	4.1	6,786
45 to 54 years	39,303	31,123	79.2	29,959	76.2	1,164	3.7	8,180
55 to 64 years	36,725	23,574	64.2	22,706	61.8	869	3.7	13,151
65 years and over	36,862	6,879	18.7	6,621	18.0	258	3.7	29,984
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).

Table 2B. Employment status of men 18 years and over by veteran status, age, and period of service, 2015 annual averages [Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status, age, and period of service	Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force						Not in labor force
		Total	Percent of population	Employed		Unemployed
				Total	Percent of population	Total	Percent of labor force
VETERANS, MEN
Total, 18 years and over	19,212	9,517	49.5	9,089	47.3	428	4.5	9,695
18 to 24 years	209	159	75.7	137	65.5	21	13.6	51
25 to 34 years	1,440	1,231	85.5	1,146	79.6	85	6.9	209
35 to 44 years	1,923	1,701	88.4	1,637	85.1	64	3.8	223
45 to 54 years	2,858	2,418	84.6	2,335	81.7	83	3.4	440
55 to 64 years	3,472	2,144	61.8	2,043	58.8	102	4.7	1,328
65 years and over	9,309	1,864	20.0	1,791	19.2	74	4.0	7,444
Gulf War era, total
Total, 18 years and over	5,870	4,840	82.5	4,617	78.6	224	4.6	1,030
18 to 24 years	209	159	75.7	137	65.5	21	13.6	51
25 to 34 years	1,440	1,231	85.5	1,146	79.6	85	6.9	209
35 to 44 years	1,880	1,664	88.5	1,600	85.1	64	3.8	216
45 to 54 years	1,498	1,291	86.2	1,255	83.8	35	2.7	207
55 to 64 years	642	445	69.3	429	66.8	16	3.6	197
65 years and over	201	51	25.4	49	24.3	2	4.4	150
Gulf War era II
Total, 18 years and over	2,959	2,462	83.2	2,322	78.5	140	5.7	497
18 to 24 years	209	159	75.7	137	65.5	21	13.6	51
25 to 34 years	1,367	1,169	85.6	1,090	79.8	79	6.8	197
35 to 44 years	685	593	86.6	571	83.3	22	3.8	92
45 to 54 years	476	402	84.4	391	82.2	11	2.6	74
55 to 64 years	177	126	70.8	120	67.8	5	4.3	52
65 years and over	44	13	29.6	13	28.3	1	-	31
Gulf War era I
Total, 25 years and over	2,911	2,378	81.7	2,294	78.8	84	3.5	533
25 to 34 years	73	61	84.3	56	76.8	5	8.9	11
35 to 44 years	1,195	1,071	89.6	1,029	86.2	41	3.9	124
45 to 54 years	1,022	889	87.0	864	84.6	25	2.8	133
55 to 64 years	465	319	68.7	309	66.4	11	3.4	146
65 years and over	157	38	24.2	36	23.1	2	4.4	119
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era
Total, 55 years and over	8,585	2,264	26.4	2,168	25.3	96	4.2	6,320
55 to 64 years	1,484	770	51.9	732	49.3	39	5.0	714
65 years and over	7,100	1,494	21.0	1,437	20.2	57	3.8	5,606
Other service periods
Total, 35 years and over	4,756	2,412	50.7	2,303	48.4	108	4.5	2,345
35 to 44 years	43	37	84.8	36	84.0	0	0.9	7
45 to 54 years	1,360	1,127	82.8	1,080	79.4	47	4.2	233
55 to 64 years	1,346	929	69.0	882	65.6	47	5.0	417
65 years and over	2,007	319	15.9	305	15.2	14	4.4	1,688
NONVETERANS, MEN
Total, 18 years and over	97,380	73,107	75.1	69,243	71.1	3,864	5.3	24,273
18 to 24 years	14,723	9,767	66.3	8,591	58.4	1,177	12.0	4,955
25 to 34 years	19,703	17,545	89.1	16,600	84.3	946	5.4	2,157
35 to 44 years	17,520	15,856	90.5	15,225	86.9	631	4.0	1,665
45 to 54 years	17,980	15,475	86.1	14,909	82.9	566	3.7	2,505
55 to 64 years	16,048	11,486	71.6	11,049	68.8	437	3.8	4,563
65 years and over	11,406	2,978	26.1	2,870	25.2	108	3.6	8,428
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).

Table 2C. Employment status of women 18 years and over by veteran status, age, and period of service, 2015 annual averages [Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status, age, and period of service	Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force						Not in labor force
		Total	Percent of population	Employed		Unemployed
				Total	Percent of population	Total	Percent of labor force
VETERANS, WOMEN
Total, 18 years and over	1,997	1,241	62.1	1,174	58.8	67	5.4	757
18 to 24 years	55	40	73.9	36	66.0	4	10.7	14
25 to 34 years	324	226	69.7	210	64.6	17	7.3	98
35 to 44 years	408	319	78.2	300	73.4	19	6.1	89
45 to 54 years	476	361	76.0	349	73.4	12	3.5	114
55 to 64 years	398	237	59.5	227	57.0	10	4.2	161
65 years and over	336	57	16.8	53	15.7	4	6.6	280
Gulf War era, total
Total, 18 years and over	1,164	840	72.2	790	67.8	50	6.0	324
18 to 24 years	55	40	73.9	36	66.0	4	10.7	14
25 to 34 years	324	226	69.7	210	64.6	17	7.3	98
35 to 44 years	394	306	77.6	287	72.9	19	6.2	88
45 to 54 years	261	201	77.1	192	73.7	9	4.4	60
55 to 64 years	97	57	58.0	55	56.9	1	1.8	41
65 years and over	32	10	-	9	-	1	-	23
Gulf War era II
Total, 18 years and over	635	451	71.0	422	66.4	29	6.4	184
18 to 24 years	55	40	73.9	36	66.0	4	10.7	14
25 to 34 years	302	212	69.9	197	65.1	14	6.8	91
35 to 44 years	143	106	74.3	101	70.2	6	5.4	37
45 to 54 years	89	67	76.1	64	72.6	3	4.6	21
55 to 64 years	33	19	-	18	-	1	-	14
65 years and over	13	6	-	6	-	0	-	7
Gulf War era I
Total, 25 years and over	529	389	73.6	368	69.5	21	5.5	140
25 to 34 years	22	15	-	13	-	2	-	7
35 to 44 years	251	200	79.6	187	74.3	13	6.6	51
45 to 54 years	172	134	77.6	128	74.3	6	4.3	39
55 to 64 years	65	38	58.3	38	58.1	0	0.3	27
65 years and over	19	3	-	3	-	0	-	16
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era
Total, 55 years and over	317	86	27.2	80	25.3	6	6.8	231
55 to 64 years	96	48	50.0	45	46.6	3	6.7	48
65 years and over	221	38	17.3	36	16.1	3	6.8	183
Other service periods
Total, 35 years and over	516	314	60.9	304	58.9	10	3.3	202
35 to 44 years	14	13	-	12	-	1	-	1
45 to 54 years	215	160	74.7	157	73.0	4	2.3	54
55 to 64 years	205	133	64.7	127	61.8	6	4.4	73
65 years and over	83	9	10.3	8	10.0	0	-	74
NONVETERANS, WOMEN
Total, 18 years and over	123,360	71,278	57.8	67,704	54.9	3,574	5.0	52,082
18 to 24 years	14,751	9,269	62.8	8,368	56.7	901	9.7	5,482
25 to 34 years	21,305	15,644	73.4	14,787	69.4	858	5.5	5,660
35 to 44 years	19,849	14,728	74.2	14,091	71.0	636	4.3	5,121
45 to 54 years	21,323	15,648	73.4	15,050	70.6	598	3.8	5,675
55 to 64 years	20,677	12,089	58.5	11,657	56.4	432	3.6	8,588
65 years and over	25,456	3,900	15.3	3,751	14.7	149	3.8	21,556
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).

Table 3. Employment status of persons 25 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and educational attainment, 2015 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status, period of service, and educational attainment	Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force						Not in labor force
		Total	Percent of population	Employed		Unemployed
				Total	Percent of population	Total	Percent of labor force
VETERANS
Total, 25 years and over	20,945	10,558	50.4	10,090	48.2	469	4.4	10,386
Less than a high school diploma	1,089	260	23.8	243	22.3	16	6.3	829
High school graduates, no college	6,294	2,823	44.9	2,687	42.7	137	4.8	3,471
Some college or associate degree	7,295	3,968	54.4	3,773	51.7	195	4.9	3,326
Bachelor's degree and higher	6,267	3,507	56.0	3,386	54.0	121	3.5	2,760
Gulf War era, total
Total, 25 years and over	6,771	5,482	81.0	5,234	77.3	248	4.5	1,289
Less than a high school diploma	97	64	66.2	60	61.8	4	6.6	33
High school graduates, no college	1,554	1,244	80.0	1,178	75.8	65	5.2	311
Some college or associate degree	2,855	2,256	79.0	2,142	75.0	114	5.0	599
Bachelor's degree and higher	2,264	1,917	84.7	1,853	81.8	65	3.4	347
Gulf War era II
Total, 25 years and over	3,330	2,714	81.5	2,571	77.2	143	5.3	616
Less than a high school diploma	47	32	68.0	28	60.7	3	-	15
High school graduates, no college	689	570	82.8	533	77.3	38	6.6	119
Some college or associate degree	1,467	1,140	77.7	1,076	73.3	64	5.6	327
Bachelor's degree and higher	1,127	972	86.2	935	82.9	37	3.8	156
Gulf War era I
Total, 25 years and over	3,440	2,768	80.4	2,662	77.4	105	3.8	673
Less than a high school diploma	51	33	64.6	32	62.9	1	-	18
High school graduates, no college	865	673	77.8	646	74.6	27	4.1	192
Some college or associate degree	1,388	1,116	80.4	1,067	76.8	49	4.4	272
Bachelor's degree and higher	1,136	946	83.2	918	80.8	28	2.9	191
WWII, Korean War, and Vietnam era
Total, 25 years and over	8,901	2,350	26.4	2,248	25.3	102	4.3	6,551
Less than a high school diploma	666	92	13.8	86	12.9	6	6.3	574
High school graduates, no college	2,880	674	23.4	647	22.5	27	4.0	2,206
Some college or associate degree	2,737	768	28.1	731	26.7	37	4.8	1,969
Bachelor's degree and higher	2,619	816	31.2	784	29.9	32	3.9	1,803
Other service periods
Total, 25 years and over	5,273	2,726	51.7	2,608	49.5	119	4.4	2,547
Less than a high school diploma	326	103	31.7	97	29.8	6	6.1	222
High school graduates, no college	1,860	905	48.7	861	46.3	44	4.9	954
Some college or associate degree	1,703	944	55.4	900	52.8	44	4.7	759
Bachelor's degree and higher	1,385	774	55.9	749	54.1	24	3.1	611
NONVETERANS
Total, 25 years and over	191,266	125,349	65.5	119,988	62.7	5,361	4.3	65,917
Less than a high school diploma	22,894	10,580	46.2	9,734	42.5	846	8.0	12,314
High school graduates, no college	55,317	32,436	58.6	30,659	55.4	1,777	5.5	22,880
Some college or associate degree	49,288	33,749	68.5	32,234	65.4	1,514	4.5	15,539
Bachelor's degree and higher	63,768	48,584	76.2	47,360	74.3	1,223	2.5	15,185
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).

Table 4. Employed persons 18 years and over by occupation, sex, veteran status, and period of service, 2015 annual averages

[Percent distribution]

Occupation and sex	Veterans						Non- veterans
	Total	Gulf War era			WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	Other service periods
		Total	Gulf War era II	Gulf War era I
TOTAL
Total employed (in thousands)	10,263	5,407	2,745	2,662	2,248	2,608	136,947
Occupation as a percent of total employed
Total employed	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Management, professional, and related occupations	38.5	39.3	37.5	41.1	39.2	36.4	39.4
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	18.7	18.2	17.1	19.3	21.2	17.7	16.2
Professional and related occupations	19.8	21.1	20.4	21.9	17.9	18.7	23.2
Service occupations	14.2	15.3	16.9	13.6	12.9	13.2	17.3
Sales and office occupations	16.8	16.6	16.7	16.5	18.0	16.2	22.9
Sales and related occupations	8.6	7.8	7.2	8.4	11.6	7.8	10.5
Office and administrative support occupations	8.2	8.8	9.5	8.1	6.4	8.5	12.4
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	13.5	13.5	13.9	13.1	12.1	14.5	8.9
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.8	0.4	0.7
Construction and extraction occupations	5.8	5.5	5.5	5.4	5.5	6.8	5.1
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	7.2	7.7	8.1	7.4	5.8	7.4	3.1
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	17.0	15.3	14.9	15.7	17.9	19.7	11.5
Production occupations	6.7	6.8	6.7	7.0	5.7	7.5	5.7
Transportation and material moving occupations	10.2	8.5	8.3	8.7	12.1	12.2	5.8
MEN
Total employed (in thousands)	9,089	4,617	2,322	2,294	2,168	2,303	69,243
Occupation as a percent of total employed
Total employed	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Management, professional, and related occupations	36.9	37.3	35.8	38.8	38.7	34.3	35.6
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	18.5	17.9	16.7	19.1	21.1	17.4	17.2
Professional and related occupations	18.4	19.4	19.1	19.7	17.6	16.9	18.5
Service occupations	14.0	15.0	16.4	13.5	12.8	13.0	13.8
Sales and office occupations	15.6	15.0	15.0	15.0	17.6	14.7	16.4
Sales and related occupations	8.8	7.7	6.9	8.6	11.7	8.0	10.1
Office and administrative support occupations	6.8	7.3	8.1	6.5	5.9	6.8	6.2
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	15.0	15.6	16.1	15.1	12.5	16.3	16.8
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	0.5	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.8	0.4	1.1
Construction and extraction occupations	6.5	6.4	6.5	6.2	5.7	7.6	9.8
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	8.1	8.9	9.3	8.5	6.1	8.3	5.9
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	18.5	17.1	16.6	17.6	18.4	21.6	17.4
Production occupations	7.2	7.4	7.2	7.6	5.9	8.1	7.8
Transportation and material moving occupations	11.3	9.7	9.4	9.9	12.5	13.5	9.6
WOMEN
Total employed (in thousands)	1,174	790	422	368	80	304	67,704
Occupation as a percent of total employed
Total employed	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Management, professional, and related occupations	51.4	51.1	47.1	55.7	51.4	51.9	43.2
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	20.3	19.9	19.6	20.4	24.7	20.3	15.2
Professional and related occupations	31.0	31.2	27.6	35.4	26.7	31.7	28.0
Service occupations	16.2	17.0	19.7	13.9	16.3	14.0	20.8
Sales and office occupations	26.4	25.8	26.2	25.4	27.2	27.9	29.6
Sales and related occupations	7.7	8.2	8.9	7.4	7.9	6.4	10.9
Office and administrative support occupations	18.7	17.6	17.3	18.0	19.3	21.5	18.7
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	1.2	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.0	0.9
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.4
Construction and extraction occupations	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.6	1.3	0.4	0.3
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	0.7	0.8	1.0	0.6	0.0	0.6	0.2
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	4.9	4.8	5.7	3.8	3.9	5.2	5.5
Production occupations	3.0	3.2	3.6	2.8	1.3	2.7	3.5
Transportation and material moving occupations	1.9	1.6	2.1	1.0	2.6	2.5	2.0
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period.

Table 5. Employed persons 18 years and over by industry, class of worker, sex, veteran status, and period of service, 2015 annual averages

[Percent distribution]

Industry, class of worker, and sex	Veterans						Non- veterans
	Total	Gulf War era			WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era	Other service periods
		Total	Gulf War era II	Gulf War era I
TOTAL
Total employed (in thousands)(1)	10,263	5,407	2,745	2,662	2,248	2,608	136,947
As a percent of total employed
Total employed(1)	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Agriculture and related industries	1.9	0.7	0.7	0.7	4.8	1.8	1.6
Wage and salary workers(2)	0.9	0.5	0.5	0.5	1.7	0.9	1.0
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	1.0	0.2	0.2	0.1	3.0	0.8	0.5
Nonagricultural industries	98.1	99.3	99.3	99.3	95.2	98.2	98.4
Wage and salary workers(2)	92.0	96.2	97.1	95.3	82.8	91.2	92.6
Private industries	70.6	70.7	70.8	70.6	68.6	72.0	79.0
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1.0	1.2	1.2	1.1	0.7	0.8	0.6
Construction	5.8	5.5	5.8	5.1	5.4	6.6	5.3
Manufacturing	12.7	12.7	11.7	13.7	11.0	14.2	9.9
Wholesale trade	2.5	2.4	2.3	2.4	2.7	2.5	2.3
Retail trade	8.5	8.5	9.1	7.9	9.3	7.9	10.7
Transportation and utilities	7.5	7.1	6.9	7.3	6.4	9.1	3.8
Information	1.9	2.2	2.0	2.4	1.3	2.0	1.8
Financial activities	4.7	4.1	3.9	4.2	6.0	4.7	6.4
Professional and business services	10.9	11.6	11.7	11.4	10.5	9.7	10.1
Education and health services	8.2	8.5	8.9	8.1	7.9	8.0	15.5
Leisure and hospitality	3.8	4.1	4.5	3.7	3.5	3.2	8.4
Other services	3.2	3.0	2.7	3.2	3.9	3.0	4.3
Government	21.4	25.5	26.4	24.7	14.1	19.2	13.5
Federal	9.2	12.3	14.3	10.2	4.2	7.0	2.0
State	4.9	5.4	4.9	6.0	3.8	4.7	4.7
Local	7.4	7.8	7.2	8.5	6.1	7.6	6.8
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	6.1	3.1	2.2	4.0	12.3	7.0	5.8
MEN
Total employed (in thousands)(1)	9,089	4,617	2,322	2,294	2,168	2,303	69,243
As a percent of total employed
Total employed(1)	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Agriculture and related industries	2.0	0.7	0.7	0.8	4.9	1.9	2.3
Wage and salary workers(2)	1.0	0.6	0.6	0.6	1.8	0.9	1.5
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	1.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	3.1	0.9	0.7
Nonagricultural industries	98.0	99.3	99.3	99.2	95.1	98.1	97.7
Wage and salary workers(2)	91.4	96.1	97.1	95.1	82.4	90.7	91.0
Private industries	71.0	71.2	70.8	71.7	68.5	72.9	80.7
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1.1	1.3	1.5	1.2	0.7	0.9	1.0
Construction	6.4	6.3	6.7	5.8	5.6	7.3	9.4
Manufacturing	13.6	13.9	12.8	15.0	11.2	15.2	13.5
Wholesale trade	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.7	2.6	3.2
Retail trade	8.5	8.4	8.9	7.8	9.2	8.2	10.5
Transportation and utilities	8.1	7.8	7.4	8.2	6.6	10.0	5.8
Information	1.9	2.2	2.1	2.3	1.3	2.1	2.1
Financial activities	4.5	4.0	3.8	4.1	6.0	4.3	5.5
Professional and business services	11.0	11.9	11.9	11.9	10.6	9.7	11.2
Education and health services	6.4	6.0	6.2	5.8	7.3	6.4	6.7
Leisure and hospitality	3.6	3.8	4.0	3.6	3.3	3.3	7.9
Other services	3.2	3.1	2.7	3.4	4.0	2.9	3.9
Government	20.4	24.8	26.3	23.4	13.8	17.8	10.3
Federal	8.4	11.6	13.8	9.3	4.0	6.3	1.9
State	4.6	5.1	4.9	5.3	3.8	4.3	3.4
Local	7.4	8.2	7.6	8.7	6.0	7.2	5.0
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	6.5	3.2	2.2	4.2	12.5	7.5	6.7
WOMEN
Total employed (in thousands)(1)	1,174	790	422	368	80	304	67,704
As a percent of total employed
Total employed(1)	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Agriculture and related industries	0.5	0.3	0.4	0.1	0.3	1.2	0.9
Wage and salary workers(2)	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.8	0.5
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.4	0.3
Nonagricultural industries	99.5	99.7	99.6	99.9	99.7	98.8	99.1
Wage and salary workers(2)	96.5	97.3	97.6	96.8	94.1	95.1	94.1
Private industries	67.2	67.7	70.8	64.2	71.5	64.9	77.3
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2
Construction	1.0	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.0	1.9	1.2
Manufacturing	6.0	5.8	5.5	6.1	7.1	6.5	6.3
Wholesale trade	1.4	1.1	0.7	1.6	4.2	1.3	1.5
Retail trade	8.7	9.4	9.7	9.0	12.0	6.0	10.8
Transportation and utilities	2.5	2.7	3.7	1.6	0.5	2.4	1.9
Information	1.9	2.1	1.2	3.2	0.3	1.7	1.4
Financial activities	5.6	4.7	4.7	4.7	5.4	8.1	7.2
Professional and business services	9.6	9.8	11.0	8.3	7.8	9.8	8.9
Education and health services	22.3	22.9	23.4	22.2	24.4	20.3	24.4
Leisure and hospitality	5.2	5.9	7.0	4.7	6.7	2.9	8.9
Other services	3.0	2.6	3.1	2.0	3.1	3.9	4.6
Government	29.2	29.5	26.8	32.7	22.6	30.2	16.8
Federal	14.7	16.2	17.0	15.4	9.9	11.9	2.2
State	7.3	7.3	4.9	10.1	6.0	7.5	6.1
Local	7.3	6.0	4.9	7.2	6.6	10.8	8.5
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	3.0	2.5	1.9	3.0	5.1	3.7	4.9
Footnotes (1) Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers, not shown separately. (2) Includes self-employed workers whose business are incorporated.
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period.

Table 6A. Employment status of veterans 18 years and over by state, 2015 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

State	Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force						Not in labor force
		Total	Percent of population	Employed		Unemployed
				Total	Percent of population	Total	Percent of labor force
TOTAL VETERANS
Total, 18 years and over	21,209	10,757	50.7	10,263	48.4	495	4.6	10,452
Alabama	381	189	49.5	183	48.0	6	3.1	193
Alaska	73	46	62.9	44	60.2	2	4.3	27
Arizona	510	244	47.8	235	46.1	9	3.7	266
Arkansas	228	103	45.3	98	43.1	5	4.7	125
California	1,820	902	49.6	840	46.2	62	6.8	918
Colorado	428	225	52.6	217	50.8	8	3.5	203
Connecticut	194	97	49.9	92	47.7	4	4.6	97
Delaware	76	34	45.6	33	43.9	1	3.6	41
District of Columbia	28	15	54.3	14	50.1	1	7.7	13
Florida	1,613	784	48.6	742	46.0	43	5.4	829
Georgia	716	384	53.6	365	51.0	19	4.9	332
Hawaii	105	54	51.8	53	50.5	1	2.5	50
Idaho	126	63	49.8	60	47.8	2	4.0	63
Illinois	676	338	50.0	321	47.5	17	5.0	338
Indiana	465	238	51.1	232	49.9	6	2.4	227
Iowa	244	131	53.8	129	52.8	2	1.9	113
Kansas	202	99	49.0	93	46.0	6	6.1	103
Kentucky	304	137	45.1	129	42.6	8	5.6	167
Louisiana	311	171	55.1	163	52.6	8	4.6	140
Maine	127	61	47.8	58	45.7	3	4.5	67
Maryland	428	251	58.5	233	54.3	18	7.2	178
Massachusetts	368	160	43.5	151	41.2	9	5.3	208
Michigan	617	275	44.6	260	42.2	15	5.3	342
Minnesota	381	197	51.6	186	48.8	11	5.5	185
Mississippi	204	101	49.4	95	46.3	6	6.2	103
Missouri	479	244	50.8	232	48.4	12	4.8	236
Montana	106	52	48.6	49	46.1	3	5.2	55
Nebraska	144	76	53.2	74	51.4	3	3.4	67
Nevada	232	125	53.9	118	50.8	7	5.8	107
New Hampshire	119	65	54.2	62	52.2	2	3.7	55
New Jersey	397	182	45.8	172	43.4	10	5.4	215
New Mexico	196	96	49.1	91	46.4	5	5.5	100
New York	837	387	46.2	372	44.5	14	3.7	450
North Carolina	724	398	54.9	385	53.1	13	3.2	327
North Dakota	54	33	60.9	32	59.2	1	2.8	21
Ohio	817	398	48.7	385	47.1	13	3.3	420
Oklahoma	309	167	53.9	161	52.2	5	3.2	143
Oregon	353	158	44.8	149	42.3	9	5.6	195
Pennsylvania	886	413	46.6	393	44.4	19	4.7	473
Rhode Island	70	33	47.1	31	44.3	2	5.8	37
South Carolina	394	205	52.1	196	49.8	9	4.4	189
South Dakota	68	39	57.6	38	56.2	1	2.5	29
Tennessee	503	244	48.6	234	46.5	10	4.2	259
Texas	1,740	967	55.6	926	53.2	41	4.3	772
Utah	149	87	58.5	85	56.9	2	2.6	62
Vermont	45	22	48.6	21	46.7	1	3.9	23
Virginia	795	491	61.8	473	59.5	19	3.8	303
Washington	558	268	48.1	258	46.3	10	3.8	290
West Virginia	152	64	41.9	60	39.7	3	5.1	88
Wisconsin	404	214	53.1	207	51.2	8	3.6	189
Wyoming	52	30	58.1	29	56.2	1	3.3	22
NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey.

Table 6B. Employment status of nonveterans 18 years and over by state, 2015 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

State	Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force						Not in labor force
		Total	Percent of population	Employed		Unemployed
				Total	Percent of population	Total	Percent of labor force
TOTAL NONVETERANS
Total, 18 years and over	220,740	144,385	65.4	136,947	62.0	7,439	5.2	76,355
Alabama	3,285	1,954	59.5	1,834	55.8	120	6.1	1,332
Alaska	454	316	69.8	295	64.9	22	6.9	137
Arizona	4,566	2,874	62.9	2,701	59.2	173	6.0	1,692
Arkansas	1,986	1,218	61.3	1,155	58.2	63	5.1	768
California	27,509	17,855	64.9	16,783	61.0	1,072	6.0	9,654
Colorado	3,644	2,547	69.9	2,451	67.3	96	3.8	1,097
Connecticut	2,546	1,766	69.4	1,671	65.6	95	5.4	780
Delaware	649	428	65.9	406	62.6	21	5.0	221
District of Columbia	507	368	72.6	343	67.7	25	6.7	139
Florida	14,140	8,693	61.5	8,233	58.2	460	5.3	5,447
Georgia	6,770	4,323	63.9	4,076	60.2	247	5.7	2,447
Hawaii	949	619	65.2	596	62.8	23	3.7	330
Idaho	1,073	723	67.4	694	64.6	29	4.0	350
Illinois	9,022	6,061	67.2	5,714	63.3	347	5.7	2,961
Indiana	4,484	2,991	66.7	2,852	63.6	139	4.6	1,493
Iowa	2,119	1,534	72.4	1,480	69.9	53	3.5	585
Kansas	1,928	1,370	71.1	1,313	68.1	57	4.1	558
Kentucky	3,029	1,790	59.1	1,697	56.0	93	5.2	1,240
Louisiana	3,153	1,978	62.7	1,856	58.9	122	6.2	1,175
Maine	933	608	65.1	583	62.5	25	4.1	325
Maryland	4,139	2,901	70.1	2,761	66.7	141	4.8	1,238
Massachusetts	4,942	3,362	68.0	3,204	64.8	158	4.7	1,579
Michigan	7,008	4,413	63.0	4,184	59.7	229	5.2	2,595
Minnesota	3,752	2,756	73.4	2,658	70.8	98	3.6	996
Mississippi	1,994	1,172	58.8	1,097	55.0	74	6.4	822
Missouri	4,092	2,800	68.4	2,665	65.1	135	4.8	1,292
Montana	684	464	67.8	446	65.2	18	3.9	220
Nebraska	1,251	904	72.3	879	70.2	25	2.8	347
Nevada	1,950	1,298	66.5	1,210	62.1	88	6.7	652
New Hampshire	930	664	71.4	642	69.1	22	3.3	265
New Jersey	6,426	4,290	66.8	4,044	62.9	246	5.7	2,136
New Mexico	1,347	822	61.0	767	56.9	55	6.7	525
New York	14,433	9,132	63.3	8,658	60.0	474	5.2	5,301
North Carolina	6,794	4,350	64.0	4,096	60.3	254	5.8	2,444
North Dakota	512	375	73.2	365	71.3	10	2.6	137
Ohio	7,977	5,193	65.1	4,952	62.1	241	4.6	2,784
Oklahoma	2,563	1,677	65.4	1,606	62.7	71	4.3	886
Oregon	2,754	1,779	64.6	1,683	61.1	96	5.4	975
Pennsylvania	9,019	5,915	65.6	5,611	62.2	304	5.1	3,104
Rhode Island	760	518	68.2	489	64.4	29	5.6	241
South Carolina	3,291	2,066	62.8	1,944	59.1	121	5.9	1,225
South Dakota	567	409	72.2	395	69.7	14	3.5	157
Tennessee	4,519	2,814	62.3	2,654	58.7	159	5.7	1,706
Texas	17,965	11,920	66.4	11,404	63.5	516	4.3	6,044
Utah	1,888	1,327	70.3	1,284	68.0	44	3.3	561
Vermont	453	315	69.5	304	67.2	11	3.4	138
Virginia	5,519	3,718	67.4	3,557	64.5	161	4.3	1,801
Washington	4,812	3,227	67.1	3,048	63.3	178	5.5	1,586
West Virginia	1,293	720	55.6	670	51.8	50	6.9	574
Wisconsin	3,976	2,798	70.4	2,674	67.2	124	4.4	1,178
Wyoming	386	272	70.5	261	67.7	11	4.0	114
NOTE: Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces.

	

		
			Table 7. Employment status of veterans 18 years and over by presence of service-connected disability, reported disability rating, period of service, and sex, August 2015, not seasonally adjusted
		
    	

    		[Numbers in thousands]
    	
    
	

		

			
Presence of disability, reported disability rating,
period of service, and sex
			
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
			
Civilian labor force
			
Not in labor
force
		
		

			
Total
			
Percent
of
population
			
Employed
			
Unemployed
		
		

			
Total
			
Percent
of population
			
Total
			
Percent
of labor force
		
	
	

		

			
TOTAL
VETERANS
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
21,170
			
10,593
			
50.0
			
10,121
			
47.8
			
472
			
4.5
			
10,576

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
4,309
			
1,972
			
45.8
			
1,866
			
43.3
			
106
			
5.4
			
2,337

		
		

			
Less than 30 percent disability rating
			
1,239
			
664
			
53.6
			
637
			
51.4
			
27
			
4.0
			
575

		
		

			
30 to 50 percent disability rating
			
1,041
			
648
			
62.2
			
627
			
60.2
			
21
			
3.3
			
393

		
		

			
60 percent or higher disability rating
			
1,595
			
490
			
30.7
			
443
			
27.8
			
47
			
9.6
			
1,105

		
		

			
Disability rating not reported
			
434
			
170
			
39.2
			
159
			
36.7
			
11
			
6.4
			
264

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
16,310
			
8,349
			
51.2
			
7,987
			
49.0
			
362
			
4.3
			
7,961

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
551
			
272
			
49.4
			
268
			
48.7
			
4
			
1.4
			
279

		
		

			
Gulf War era, total
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
7,059
			
5,804
			
82.2
			
5,536
			
78.4
			
268
			
4.6
			
1,255

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
2,033
			
1,451
			
71.3
			
1,368
			
67.3
			
83
			
5.7
			
583

		
		

			
Less than 30 percent disability rating
			
544
			
428
			
78.7
			
410
			
75.3
			
19
			
4.3
			
116

		
		

			
30 to 50 percent disability rating
			
570
			
477
			
83.7
			
459
			
80.6
			
17
			
3.6
			
93

		
		

			
60 percent or higher disability rating
			
728
			
420
			
57.6
			
381
			
52.4
			
38
			
9.1
			
308

		
		

			
Disability rating not reported
			
192
			
126
			
65.6
			
117
			
61.2
			
8
			
6.7
			
66

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
4,839
			
4,221
			
87.2
			
4,040
			
83.5
			
182
			
4.3
			
617

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
187
			
132
			
70.5
			
128
			
68.5
			
4
			
2.9
			
55

		
		

			
Gulf War era II
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
3,609
			
2,959
			
82.0
			
2,812
			
77.9
			
148
			
5.0
			
649

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
1,181
			
864
			
73.2
			
816
			
69.1
			
48
			
5.5
			
317

		
		

			
Less than 30 percent disability rating
			
228
			
176
			
77.1
			
171
			
74.7
			
5
			
3.0
			
52

		
		

			
30 to 50 percent disability rating
			
318
			
290
			
91.1
			
284
			
89.3
			
6
			
1.9
			
28

		
		

			
60 percent or higher disability rating
			
528
			
329
			
62.3
			
300
			
56.9
			
28
			
8.6
			
199

		
		

			
Disability rating not reported
			
106
			
69
			
65.0
			
61
			
57.1
			
8
			
-
			
37

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
2,304
			
2,012
			
87.3
			
1,916
			
83.2
			
96
			
4.8
			
292

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
124
			
83
			
67.1
			
79
			
64.0
			
4
			
4.5
			
41

		
		

			
Gulf War era I
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
3,450
			
2,845
			
82.4
			
2,724
			
79.0
			
120
			
4.2
			
606

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
853
			
587
			
68.8
			
552
			
64.7
			
35
			
5.9
			
266

		
		

			
Less than 30 percent disability rating
			
316
			
253
			
79.9
			
239
			
75.8
			
13
			
5.2
			
63

		
		

			
30 to 50 percent disability rating
			
251
			
187
			
74.3
			
175
			
69.6
			
12
			
6.3
			
65

		
		

			
60 percent or higher disability rating
			
200
			
91
			
45.4
			
81
			
40.5
			
10
			
10.8
			
109

		
		

			
Disability rating not reported
			
85
			
57
			
66.4
			
57
			
66.4
			
-
			
-
			
29

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
2,535
			
2,209
			
87.2
			
2,123
			
83.8
			
86
			
3.9
			
326

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
63
			
49
			
-
			
49
			
-
			
0
			
-
			
14

		
		

			
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
8,852
			
2,164
			
24.4
			
2,072
			
23.4
			
92
			
4.2
			
6,688

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
1,671
			
220
			
13.2
			
207
			
12.4
			
13
			
6.1
			
1,451

		
		

			
Less than 30 percent disability rating
			
490
			
104
			
21.3
			
98
			
20.1
			
6
			
5.6
			
386

		
		

			
30 to 50 percent disability rating
			
312
			
72
			
23.0
			
68
			
21.7
			
4
			
-
			
240

		
		

			
60 percent or higher disability rating
			
700
			
23
			
3.3
			
20
			
2.8
			
4
			
-
			
677

		
		

			
Disability rating not reported
			
169
			
21
			
12.5
			
21
			
12.5
			
-
			
-
			
148

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
6,919
			
1,857
			
26.8
			
1,779
			
25.7
			
78
			
4.2
			
5,062

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
262
			
87
			
33.1
			
87
			
33.1
			
0
			
0.0
			
175

		
		

			
Other service periods
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
5,259
			
2,626
			
49.9
			
2,513
			
47.8
			
113
			
4.3
			
2,633

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
604
			
301
			
49.8
			
291
			
48.1
			
10
			
3.4
			
303

		
		

			
Less than 30 percent disability rating
			
205
			
131
			
64.0
			
129
			
62.9
			
2
			
1.7
			
74

		
		

			
30 to 50 percent disability rating
			
160
			
100
			
62.3
			
100
			
62.3
			
-
			
-
			
60

		
		

			
60 percent or higher disability rating
			
167
			
47
			
28.2
			
42
			
25.0
			
5
			
-
			
120

		
		

			
Disability rating not reported
			
73
			
23
			
-
			
21
			
-
			
2
			
-
			
50

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
4,553
			
2,271
			
49.9
			
2,168
			
47.6
			
103
			
4.5
			
2,281

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
102
			
54
			
52.5
			
54
			
52.5
			
0
			
-
			
49

		
		

			
MEN
VETERANS
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
19,171
			
9,340
			
48.7
			
8,932
			
46.6
			
408
			
4.4
			
9,830

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
3,857
			
1,710
			
44.3
			
1,616
			
41.9
			
94
			
5.5
			
2,146

		
		

			
Less than 30 percent disability rating
			
1,120
			
599
			
53.4
			
577
			
51.5
			
21
			
3.6
			
522

		
		

			
30 to 50 percent disability rating
			
943
			
574
			
60.9
			
553
			
58.6
			
21
			
3.7
			
369

		
		

			
60 percent or higher disability rating
			
1,395
			
382
			
27.4
			
340
			
24.4
			
42
			
10.9
			
1,013

		
		

			
Disability rating not reported
			
398
			
155
			
39.0
			
146
			
36.6
			
10
			
6.1
			
242

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
14,823
			
7,383
			
49.8
			
7,069
			
47.7
			
314
			
4.3
			
7,440

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
491
			
247
			
50.4
			
247
			
50.4
			
0
			
0.0
			
244

		
		

			
Gulf War era, total
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
5,891
			
4,916
			
83.4
			
4,702
			
79.8
			
213
			
4.3
			
975

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
1,699
			
1,221
			
71.9
			
1,145
			
67.4
			
76
			
6.2
			
478

		
		

			
Less than 30 percent disability rating
			
451
			
371
			
82.2
			
358
			
79.3
			
13
			
3.6
			
80

		
		

			
30 to 50 percent disability rating
			
492
			
414
			
84.2
			
397
			
80.6
			
17
			
4.2
			
78

		
		

			
60 percent or higher disability rating
			
588
			
321
			
54.6
			
284
			
48.3
			
37
			
11.6
			
267

		
		

			
Disability rating not reported
			
168
			
115
			
68.5
			
106
			
63.4
			
8
			
7.4
			
53

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
4,040
			
3,580
			
88.6
			
3,443
			
85.2
			
137
			
3.8
			
459

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
152
			
114
			
75.1
			
114
			
75.1
			
0
			
0.0
			
38

		
		

			
Gulf War era II
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
2,972
			
2,493
			
83.9
			
2,368
			
79.7
			
125
			
5.0
			
480

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
972
			
715
			
73.5
			
672
			
69.1
			
42
			
5.9
			
258

		
		

			
Less than 30 percent disability rating
			
189
			
149
			
79.2
			
149
			
79.2
			
-
			
-
			
39

		
		

			
30 to 50 percent disability rating
			
268
			
243
			
90.8
			
238
			
88.7
			
6
			
2.3
			
25

		
		

			
60 percent or higher disability rating
			
415
			
253
			
61.0
			
225
			
54.1
			
28
			
11.2
			
162

		
		

			
Disability rating not reported
			
100
			
68
			
68.3
			
60
			
59.8
			
8
			
-
			
32

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
1,898
			
1,701
			
89.6
			
1,619
			
85.3
			
82
			
4.8
			
197

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
102
			
77
			
75.9
			
77
			
75.9
			
0
			
0.0
			
24

		
		

			
Gulf War era I
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
2,919
			
2,423
			
83.0
			
2,334
			
80.0
			
89
			
3.7
			
496

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
727
			
506
			
69.7
			
473
			
65.0
			
34
			
6.7
			
220

		
		

			
Less than 30 percent disability rating
			
263
			
222
			
84.4
			
208
			
79.3
			
13
			
6.0
			
41

		
		

			
30 to 50 percent disability rating
			
224
			
171
			
76.2
			
159
			
71.0
			
12
			
6.9
			
53

		
		

			
60 percent or higher disability rating
			
172
			
67
			
39.1
			
59
			
34.1
			
9
			
-
			
105

		
		

			
Disability rating not reported
			
68
			
46
			
-
			
46
			
-
			
-
			
-
			
21

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
2,141
			
1,880
			
87.8
			
1,825
			
85.2
			
55
			
2.9
			
262

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
51
			
37
			
-
			
37
			
-
			
0
			
-
			
13

		
		

			
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
8,537
			
2,081
			
24.4
			
1,990
			
23.3
			
92
			
4.4
			
6,456

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
1,619
			
214
			
13.2
			
201
			
12.4
			
13
			
6.2
			
1,405

		
		

			
Less than 30 percent disability rating
			
479
			
104
			
21.7
			
98
			
20.5
			
6
			
5.6
			
375

		
		

			
30 to 50 percent disability rating
			
305
			
69
			
22.6
			
65
			
21.2
			
4
			
-
			
237

		
		

			
60 percent or higher disability rating
			
666
			
20
			
3.0
			
16
			
2.5
			
4
			
-
			
646

		
		

			
Disability rating not reported
			
169
			
21
			
12.5
			
21
			
12.5
			
-
			
-
			
148

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
6,669
			
1,785
			
26.8
			
1,707
			
25.6
			
78
			
4.4
			
4,884

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
248
			
82
			
32.9
			
82
			
32.9
			
0
			
0.0
			
167

		
		

			
Other service periods
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
4,743
			
2,343
			
49.4
			
2,240
			
47.2
			
103
			
4.4
			
2,400

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
538
			
275
			
51.1
			
271
			
50.3
			
4
			
1.6
			
263

		
		

			
Less than 30 percent disability rating
			
190
			
123
			
65.0
			
121
			
63.8
			
2
			
1.9
			
66

		
		

			
30 to 50 percent disability rating
			
146
			
91
			
62.6
			
91
			
62.6
			
-
			
-
			
54

		
		

			
60 percent or higher disability rating
			
142
			
41
			
29.1
			
40
			
28.4
			
1
			
-
			
101

		
		

			
Disability rating not reported
			
60
			
19
			
-
			
18
			
-
			
1
			
-
			
41

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
4,114
			
2,017
			
49.0
			
1,918
			
46.6
			
99
			
4.9
			
2,097

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
91
			
51
			
56.7
			
51
			
56.7
			
0
			
-
			
39

		
		

			
WOMEN
VETERANS
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
1,999
			
1,253
			
62.7
			
1,189
			
59.5
			
64
			
5.1
			
746

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
452
			
262
			
57.8
			
249
			
55.1
			
12
			
4.6
			
191

		
		

			
Less than 30 percent disability rating
			
119
			
65
			
54.8
			
60
			
50.3
			
5
			
-
			
54

		
		

			
30 to 50 percent disability rating
			
98
			
74
			
75.2
			
74
			
75.2
			
-
			
-
			
24

		
		

			
60 percent or higher disability rating
			
199
			
108
			
54.0
			
102
			
51.3
			
5
			
5.0
			
92

		
		

			
Disability rating not reported
			
36
			
15
			
-
			
14
			
-
			
1
			
-
			
21

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
1,487
			
967
			
65.0
			
918
			
61.8
			
48
			
5.0
			
520

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
60
			
25
			
-
			
21
			
-
			
4
			
-
			
35

		
		

			
Gulf War era, total
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
1,168
			
888
			
76.0
			
833
			
71.3
			
55
			
6.2
			
280

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
334
			
230
			
68.7
			
223
			
66.7
			
6
			
2.8
			
105

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
799
			
641
			
80.2
			
596
			
74.6
			
45
			
7.0
			
158

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
35
			
18
			
-
			
14
			
-
			
4
			
-
			
17

		
		

			
Gulf War era II
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
636
			
467
			
73.3
			
443
			
69.7
			
23
			
5.0
			
170

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
208
			
149
			
71.6
			
144
			
69.1
			
5
			
3.6
			
59

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
406
			
311
			
76.8
			
297
			
73.3
			
14
			
4.5
			
94

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
22
			
6
			
-
			
2
			
-
			
4
			
-
			
16

		
		

			
Gulf War era I
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
532
			
421
			
79.3
			
390
			
73.3
			
32
			
7.5
			
110

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
126
			
80
			
63.8
			
79
			
62.9
			
1
			
1.4
			
46

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
393
			
329
			
83.8
			
299
			
76.0
			
31
			
9.3
			
64

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
12
			
12
			
-
			
12
			
-
			
0
			
-
			
1

		
		

			
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
315
			
83
			
26.2
			
83
			
26.2
			
-
			
-
			
232

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
52
			
6
			
-
			
6
			
-
			
-
			
-
			
46

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
250
			
72
			
28.7
			
72
			
28.7
			
-
			
-
			
178

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
13
			
5
			
-
			
5
			
-
			
-
			
-
			
8

		
		

			
Other service periods
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
516
			
282
			
54.7
			
273
			
52.9
			
9
			
3.3
			
234

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
66
			
26
			
-
			
20
			
-
			
6
			
-
			
40

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
439
			
254
			
58.0
			
251
			
57.1
			
4
			
1.4
			
184

		
		

			
Presence of disability not reported
			
11
			
2
			
-
			
2
			
-
			
0
			
-
			
9

		
	
	

		

			

				

					NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf
					War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service
					periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served
					in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. A service-connected disability is a health condition or impairment caused or made worse by military service. The associated
					disability rating, which can range from 0 to 100 percent, is determined from a rating schedule published in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, "Title 38." More information appears in the Technical Note of this release.
					Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology.
				
			
		
	

	

		
			Table 8. Employed persons 18 years and over by veteran status, presence of service-connected disability, period of service, and class of worker, August 2015, not seasonally adjusted
		
	
	

		

			
Veteran status, presence of disability, and
period of service
			
Total
employed
(thousands)
			
Percent distribution by class of worker
		
		

			
Total
			
Agriculture
and related
industries
			
Nonagricultural industries
		
		

			
Total
			
Wage and salary workers(1)
			
Self-
employed,
unincor-
porated,
and unpaid
family
workers
		
		

			
Private
sector
			
Government
		
		

			
Total
			
Federal
			
State
and
local
		
	
	

		

			
Veterans, total(2)
			
10,121
			
100.0
			
1.7
			
98.3
			
70.2
			
22.5
			
10.2
			
12.4
			
5.6

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
1,866
			
100.0
			
1.6
			
98.4
			
58.5
			
36.1
			
25.0
			
11.1
			
3.8

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
7,987
			
100.0
			
1.7
			
98.3
			
72.6
			
19.6
			
6.9
			
12.7
			
6.1

		
		

			
Gulf War era, total(2)
			
5,536
			
100.0
			
0.7
			
99.3
			
70.0
			
26.6
			
13.3
			
13.3
			
2.7

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
1,368
			
100.0
			
0.6
			
99.4
			
58.2
			
38.5
			
27.6
			
10.9
			
2.6

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
4,040
			
100.0
			
0.7
			
99.3
			
73.9
			
22.8
			
8.7
			
14.2
			
2.6

		
		

			
Gulf War era II(2)
			
2,812
			
100.0
			
0.8
			
99.2
			
70.3
			
27.2
			
15.1
			
12.2
			
1.6

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
816
			
100.0
			
0.8
			
99.2
			
60.2
			
36.2
			
24.8
			
11.3
			
2.9

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
1,916
			
100.0
			
0.9
			
99.1
			
74.4
			
23.5
			
11.1
			
12.5
			
1.2

		
		

			
Gulf War era I(2)
			
2,724
			
100.0
			
0.5
			
99.5
			
69.7
			
26.0
			
11.5
			
14.5
			
3.7

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
552
			
100.0
			
0.4
			
99.6
			
55.3
			
41.9
			
31.7
			
10.2
			
2.3

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
2,123
			
100.0
			
0.5
			
99.5
			
73.3
			
22.2
			
6.5
			
15.7
			
3.9

		
		

			
WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era(2)
			
2,072
			
100.0
			
4.2
			
95.8
			
68.1
			
14.1
			
5.4
			
8.7
			
13.6

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
207
			
100.0
			
8.9
			
91.1
			
58.3
			
18.6
			
10.9
			
7.7
			
14.2

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
1,779
			
100.0
			
3.5
			
96.5
			
68.5
			
13.7
			
5.0
			
8.8
			
14.2

		
		

			
Other service periods(2)
			
2,513
			
100.0
			
1.8
			
98.2
			
72.4
			
20.4
			
7.1
			
13.2
			
5.4

		
		

			
With service-connected disability
			
291
			
100.0
			
0.7
			
99.3
			
60.2
			
37.3
			
22.5
			
14.8
			
1.7

		
		

			
Without service-connected disability
			
2,168
			
100.0
			
2.0
			
98.0
			
73.5
			
18.4
			
5.2
			
13.2
			
6.0

		
		

			
Nonveterans
			
137,213
			
100.0
			
1.7
			
98.3
			
79.4
			
13.0
			
2.0
			
11.0
			
5.9

		
	
	

		

			

				

						(1)  Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

						(2)  Includes veterans who did not report presence of disability.

				
			
		
		

			

				

				NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S.
				Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era
				(August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one
				period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and
				any other service period are classified in the wartime period. A service-connected disability is a health condition or impairment caused or made worse by military service. The associated
				disability rating, which can range from 0 to 100 percent, is determined from a rating schedule published in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, "Title 38." More information appears in the
				Technical Note of this release. Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology.
				
			
		
	

	

		
			Table 9. Employment status of Gulf War era veterans by Reserve or National Guard status, August 2015, not seasonally adjusted
		
    	

    		[Numbers in thousands]
    	
    
	

		

			
Period of service and
Reserve or National Guard status
			
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
			
Civilian labor force
			
Not in labor
force
		
		

			
Total
			
Percent
of
population
			
Employed
			
Unemployed
		
		

			
Total
			
Percent
of population
			
Total
			
Percent
of labor force
		
	
	

		

			
VETERANS
			
		
		
		

			
Gulf War era, total
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
7,059
			
5,804
			
82.2
			
5,536
			
78.4
			
268
			
4.6
			
1,255

		
		

			
Current or past member of Reserve or National Guard
			
2,470
			
2,052
			
83.1
			
1,969
			
79.7
			
83
			
4.1
			
418

		
		

			
Never a member of Reserve or National Guard
			
4,363
			
3,593
			
82.4
			
3,409
			
78.1
			
185
			
5.1
			
769

		
		

			
Reserve or National Guard membership not reported
			
226
			
158
			
69.9
			
158
			
69.9
			
0
			
0.0
			
68

		
		

			
Gulf War era II
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
3,609
			
2,959
			
82.0
			
2,812
			
77.9
			
148
			
5.0
			
649

		
		

			
Current or past member of Reserve or National Guard
			
1,393
			
1,160
			
83.3
			
1,119
			
80.3
			
41
			
3.5
			
233

		
		

			
Never a member of Reserve or National Guard
			
2,083
			
1,720
			
82.6
			
1,614
			
77.5
			
107
			
6.2
			
363

		
		

			
Reserve or National Guard membership not reported
			
132
			
79
			
59.6
			
79
			
59.6
			
0
			
0.0
			
53

		
		

			
Gulf War era I
			
		
		
		

			
Total
			
3,450
			
2,845
			
82.4
			
2,724
			
79.0
			
120
			
4.2
			
606

		
		

			
Current or past member of Reserve or National Guard
			
1,077
			
892
			
82.9
			
850
			
78.9
			
42
			
4.7
			
184

		
		

			
Never a member of Reserve or National Guard
			
2,280
			
1,873
			
82.2
			
1,795
			
78.7
			
78
			
4.2
			
407

		
		

			
Reserve or National Guard membership not reported
			
94
			
79
			
84.3
			
79
			
84.3
			
0
			
0.0
			
15

		
	
	

		

			

				

					NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. The Gulf War era
					began in August 1990 and continues to the present day. It is divided into two periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present) and Gulf War era I
					(August 1990-August 2001). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent period. Data do not include Reserve and National Guard
					members who have never been called to Active Duty. Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology.
				
			
		
	

	

		
			Table 10. Employment status of Gulf War-era II veterans 18 years and over by location of service, August 2015, not seasonally adjusted
		
    	

    		[Numbers in thousands]
    	
    
	

		

			
Period of service and location
			
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
			
Civilian labor force
			
Not in labor
force
		
		

			
Total
			
Percent
of
population
			
Employed
			
Unemployed
		
		

			
Total
			
Percent
of population
			
Number
			
Rate
		
	
	

		

			
Total, Gulf War-era II veterans
			
3,609
			
2,959
			
82.0
			
2,812
			
77.9
			
148
			
5.0
			
649

		
		

			
Served in Iraq, Afghanistan, or both(1)
			
1,665
			
1,308
			
78.6
			
1,251
			
75.1
			
57
			
4.4
			
357

		
		

			
Served in Iraq(2)
			
1,412
			
1,124
			
79.6
			
1,078
			
76.3
			
46
			
4.1
			
288

		
		

			
Served in Afghanistan(3)
			
643
			
484
			
75.2
			
464
			
72.2
			
19
			
4.0
			
159

		
		

			
Served in both locations(4)
			
390
			
300
			
76.8
			
291
			
74.6
			
9
			
2.9
			
90

		
		

			
Served elsewhere
			
1,944
			
1,651
			
85.0
			
1,560
			
80.3
			
91
			
5.5
			
292

		
	
	

		

				

					

						(1)  Refers to veterans who served in Iraq at anytime since March 2003 and veterans who served in Afghanistan at anytime since October 2001. Also includes veterans who served in both countries.

						(2)  Includes all veterans who served in Iraq at any time since March 2003, whether or not they also served in Afghanistan.

						(3)  Includes all veterans who served in Afghanistan at any time since October 2001, whether or not they also served in Iraq.

						(4)  Veterans who served in both Iraq and Afghanistan during the designated dates are also included in the totals of each location above.

					
				
		
		

			

				

					NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Gulf War-era II veterans served anywhere in the world at any time since September 2001. Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology.