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Economic News Release
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Table A. Employed people with contingent and alternative work arrangements, July 2023

Table A. Employed people with contingent and alternative work arrangements, July 2023
(Numbers in thousands)
Characteristic and description Sole or main job Second job of multiple
jobholders
Number Percent of
total employed
Number Percent of
total multiple
jobholders

Contingent status

Contingent means that workers do not have an implicit or explicit contract for ongoing employment. For wage and salary workers, these workers report that their jobs are temporary or not expected to last. If the worker does not expect to continue in their job for personal reasons such as retirement or returning to school, the job is not considered contingent.
The self-employed and independent contractors are included if they expect their employment to last for an additional year or less and they had been self-employed or independent contractors for 1 year or less.

6,899 4.3 1,076 12.8

Alternative work arrangements

Independent contractors
Independent contractors, consultants, and freelance workers, regardless of whether they are self-employed or wage and salary workers

11,904 7.4 1,916 22.8

On-call workers
People who are called into work only when they are needed, although they can be scheduled to work for several days or weeks in a row

2,771 1.7 348 4.2

Temporary help agency workers
Workers who are paid by a temporary help agency, whether or not their job was temporary

945 0.6 118 1.4

Workers provided by contract firms
Workers who are employed by a company that provides them or their services to others under contract, are usually assigned to only one customer, and usually work at that customer's worksite

862 0.5 26 0.3

NOTE: Contingent status and alternative employment arrangements are measured separately. A person's job can be both contingent and an alternative arrangement, but that is not necessarily the case. There are a small number of workers who were both "on call" and "provided by contract firms."

Last Modified Date: November 08, 2024