Table 1. Employment status of the foreign-born and native-born populations by selected characteristics, 2023-2024 annual averages

Table 1. Employment status of the foreign-born and native-born populations by selected characteristics, 2023-2024 annual averages [Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic	2023						2024
	Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force					Civilian noninsti- tutional population	Civilian labor force
		Total	Participa- tion rate	Employed	Unemployed			Total	Participa- tion rate	Employed	Unemployed
		Total	Participa- tion rate	Employed	Number	Unem- ployment rate		Total	Participa- tion rate	Employed	Number	Unem- ployment rate
TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over	266,942	167,116	62.6	161,037	6,080	3.6	268,571	168,106	62.6	161,346	6,761	4.0
Men	130,476	88,877	68.1	85,500	3,377	3.8	130,939	88,974	68.0	85,313	3,661	4.1
Women	136,466	78,239	57.3	75,537	2,702	3.5	137,633	79,132	57.5	76,033	3,100	3.9

FOREIGN BORN
Total, 16 years and over	46,651	31,051	66.6	29,932	1,119	3.6	48,497	32,263	66.5	30,908	1,355	4.2
Men	22,840	17,704	77.5	17,091	613	3.5	23,806	18,408	77.3	17,717	692	3.8
Women	23,811	13,347	56.1	12,841	506	3.8	24,691	13,854	56.1	13,191	663	4.8
Age
16 to 24 years	3,698	2,037	55.1	1,880	157	7.7	3,935	2,095	53.2	1,889	205	9.8
25 to 34 years	7,432	5,905	79.5	5,655	250	4.2	7,641	6,053	79.2	5,741	311	5.1
35 to 44 years	10,014	8,097	80.9	7,841	257	3.2	10,347	8,461	81.8	8,162	299	3.5
45 to 54 years	9,545	7,817	81.9	7,589	228	2.9	9,943	8,158	82.0	7,884	275	3.4
55 to 64 years	7,678	5,412	70.5	5,245	167	3.1	7,961	5,608	70.4	5,405	203	3.6
65 years and over	8,283	1,783	21.5	1,722	61	3.4	8,671	1,888	21.8	1,827	61	3.2
Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity(1)
White non-Hispanic or Latino	7,850	4,766	60.7	4,612	155	3.2	7,869	4,848	61.6	4,670	178	3.7
Black non-Hispanic or Latino	4,562	3,324	72.9	3,197	126	3.8	4,868	3,421	70.3	3,246	175	5.1
Asian non-Hispanic or Latino	11,930	7,789	65.3	7,575	214	2.8	12,310	7,928	64.4	7,682	247	3.1
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	21,696	14,790	68.2	14,180	610	4.1	22,867	15,696	68.6	14,956	740	4.7
Educational attainment
Total, 25 years and over	42,953	29,015	67.5	28,052	962	3.3	44,562	30,168	67.7	29,019	1,149	3.8
Less than a high school diploma	9,315	5,371	57.7	5,129	241	4.5	9,466	5,454	57.6	5,162	292	5.4
High school graduates, no college(2)	11,299	7,338	64.9	7,067	271	3.7	11,796	7,750	65.7	7,427	323	4.2
Some college or associate degree	6,441	4,378	68.0	4,250	127	2.9	6,634	4,517	68.1	4,367	150	3.3
Bachelor's degree and higher(3)	15,897	11,928	75.0	11,606	322	2.7	16,666	12,447	74.7	12,063	383	3.1

NATIVE BORN
Total, 16 years and over	220,291	136,065	61.8	131,104	4,961	3.6	220,074	135,844	61.7	130,437	5,406	4.0
Men	107,636	71,173	66.1	68,409	2,764	3.9	107,133	70,565	65.9	67,596	2,969	4.2
Women	112,655	64,892	57.6	62,695	2,197	3.4	112,942	65,278	57.8	62,841	2,437	3.7
Age
16 to 24 years	35,641	20,092	56.4	18,492	1,600	8.0	35,038	19,683	56.2	17,944	1,739	8.8
25 to 34 years	37,095	31,398	84.6	30,182	1,216	3.9	36,786	31,129	84.6	29,854	1,275	4.1
35 to 44 years	33,440	28,333	84.7	27,559	775	2.7	33,834	28,942	85.5	28,035	907	3.1
45 to 54 years	30,414	24,990	82.2	24,397	593	2.4	30,091	24,779	82.3	24,155	624	2.5
55 to 64 years	33,724	21,839	64.8	21,317	522	2.4	33,260	21,559	64.8	21,001	558	2.6
65 years and over	49,977	9,412	18.8	9,157	255	2.7	51,065	9,751	19.1	9,448	303	3.1
Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity(1)
White non-Hispanic or Latino	154,634	94,343	61.0	91,617	2,726	2.9	154,017	93,744	60.9	90,756	2,987	3.2
Black non-Hispanic or Latino	27,814	17,045	61.3	16,039	1,006	5.9	27,814	17,042	61.3	15,976	1,066	6.3
Asian non-Hispanic or Latino	5,181	3,343	64.5	3,232	111	3.3	5,146	3,388	65.8	3,243	145	4.3
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	25,836	17,027	65.9	16,162	865	5.1	26,055	17,194	66.0	16,271	923	5.4
Educational attainment
Total, 25 years and over	184,650	115,973	62.8	112,612	3,361	2.9	185,037	116,160	62.8	112,493	3,667	3.2
Less than a high school diploma	10,166	3,810	37.5	3,540	270	7.1	9,828	3,698	37.6	3,428	271	7.3
High school graduates, no college(2)	52,120	28,590	54.9	27,462	1,127	3.9	51,909	28,506	54.9	27,298	1,209	4.2
Some college or associate degree	50,485	31,425	62.2	30,463	962	3.1	50,353	31,322	62.2	30,260	1,062	3.4
Bachelor's degree and higher(3)	71,880	52,149	72.5	51,147	1,002	1.9	72,946	52,633	72.2	51,508	1,125	2.1
Footnotes (1) Data for race/ethnicity groups do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. (2) Includes people with a high school diploma or equivalent. (3) Includes people with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

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Last Modified Date: May 20, 2025