Table 2. Employment status of the foreign-born and native-born populations 16 years and over by presence and age of youngest child and sex, 2021-2022 annual averages

Table 2. Employment status of the foreign-born and native-born populations 16 years and over by presence and age of youngest child and sex, 2021-2022 annual averages [Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic	2021			2022
Characteristic	Total	Men	Women	Total	Men	Women
FOREIGN BORN
With own children under 18
Civilian noninstitutional population	14,986	7,039	7,948	15,547	7,295	8,251
Civilian labor force	11,349	6,574	4,775	12,011	6,816	5,196
Participation rate	75.7	93.4	60.1	77.3	93.4	63.0
Employed	10,800	6,306	4,494	11,662	6,651	5,012
Employment-population ratio	72.1	89.6	56.5	75.0	91.2	60.7
Unemployed	549	268	281	349	165	184
Unemployment rate	4.8	4.1	5.9	2.9	2.4	3.5
With own children 6 to 17, none younger
Civilian noninstitutional population	8,850	4,101	4,749	9,210	4,250	4,960
Civilian labor force	6,940	3,809	3,131	7,313	3,933	3,381
Participation rate	78.4	92.9	65.9	79.4	92.5	68.2
Employed	6,621	3,660	2,961	7,103	3,836	3,267
Employment-population ratio	74.8	89.3	62.3	77.1	90.2	65.9
Unemployed	318	149	169	210	97	113
Unemployment rate	4.6	3.9	5.4	2.9	2.5	3.4
With own children under 6
Civilian noninstitutional population	6,136	2,938	3,198	6,337	3,045	3,291
Civilian labor force	4,409	2,765	1,644	4,698	2,883	1,815
Participation rate	71.9	94.1	51.4	74.1	94.7	55.1
Employed	4,179	2,646	1,533	4,559	2,815	1,744
Employment-population ratio	68.1	90.1	47.9	72.0	92.4	53.0
Unemployed	230	119	111	139	68	70
Unemployment rate	5.2	4.3	6.8	3.0	2.4	3.9
With own children under 3
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,216	1,559	1,656	3,298	1,596	1,703
Civilian labor force	2,260	1,459	802	2,412	1,514	897
Participation rate	70.3	93.6	48.4	73.1	94.9	52.7
Employed	2,137	1,394	742	2,336	1,473	864
Employment-population ratio	66.4	89.4	44.8	70.8	92.3	50.7
Unemployed	124	65	59	75	42	34
Unemployment rate	5.5	4.4	7.4	3.1	2.7	3.7
With no own children under 18
Civilian noninstitutional population	28,240	13,883	14,357	29,603	14,703	14,901
Civilian labor force	16,638	9,494	7,143	17,743	10,215	7,528
Participation rate	58.9	68.4	49.8	59.9	69.5	50.5
Employed	15,631	8,939	6,692	17,075	9,825	7,250
Employment-population ratio	55.3	64.4	46.6	57.7	66.8	48.7
Unemployed	1,007	555	452	668	390	278
Unemployment rate	6.1	5.8	6.3	3.8	3.8	3.7

NATIVE BORN
With own children under 18
Civilian noninstitutional population	47,272	20,951	26,321	47,482	21,128	26,354
Civilian labor force	38,959	19,327	19,632	39,624	19,596	20,028
Participation rate	82.4	92.2	74.6	83.5	92.7	76.0
Employed	37,291	18,606	18,685	38,551	19,193	19,358
Employment-population ratio	78.9	88.8	71.0	81.2	90.8	73.5
Unemployed	1,668	721	947	1,073	403	670
Unemployment rate	4.3	3.7	4.8	2.7	2.1	3.3
With own children 6 to 17, none younger
Civilian noninstitutional population	26,277	11,543	14,733	26,646	11,879	14,768
Civilian labor force	22,079	10,500	11,579	22,622	10,877	11,744
Participation rate	84.0	91.0	78.6	84.9	91.6	79.5
Employed	21,201	10,131	11,071	22,064	10,662	11,402
Employment-population ratio	80.7	87.8	75.1	82.8	89.8	77.2
Unemployed	878	370	508	558	215	343
Unemployment rate	4.0	3.5	4.4	2.5	2.0	2.9
With own children under 6
Civilian noninstitutional population	20,995	9,408	11,587	20,836	9,250	11,586
Civilian labor force	16,879	8,827	8,053	17,002	8,719	8,284
Participation rate	80.4	93.8	69.5	81.6	94.3	71.5
Employed	16,090	8,475	7,614	16,487	8,531	7,956
Employment-population ratio	76.6	90.1	65.7	79.1	92.2	68.7
Unemployed	790	351	438	516	188	328
Unemployment rate	4.7	4.0	5.4	3.0	2.2	4.0
With own children under 3
Civilian noninstitutional population	11,949	5,381	6,568	11,893	5,340	6,554
Civilian labor force	9,437	5,052	4,385	9,565	5,050	4,515
Participation rate	79.0	93.9	66.8	80.4	94.6	68.9
Employed	8,996	4,856	4,141	9,268	4,939	4,329
Employment-population ratio	75.3	90.2	63.0	77.9	92.5	66.1
Unemployed	441	197	244	298	111	186
Unemployment rate	4.7	3.9	5.6	3.1	2.2	4.1
With no own children under 18
Civilian noninstitutional population	170,947	84,614	86,333	171,342	85,491	85,850
Civilian labor force	94,258	50,109	44,149	94,909	50,794	44,115
Participation rate	55.1	59.2	51.1	55.4	59.4	51.4
Employed	88,859	46,978	41,881	91,003	48,534	42,469
Employment-population ratio	52.0	55.5	48.5	53.1	56.8	49.5
Unemployed	5,399	3,131	2,268	3,906	2,260	1,646
Unemployment rate	5.7	6.2	5.1	4.1	4.4	3.7
NOTE: Own children include sons, daughters, step-children, and adopted children. Not included are nieces, nephews, grandchildren, and other related and unrelated children. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

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Last Modified Date: May 18, 2023