Table 3. Employment status of the foreign-born and native-born populations 25 years and over by educational attainment, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2016-2017 annual averages

Table 3. Employment status of the foreign-born and native-born populations 25 years and over by educational attainment, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2016-2017 annual averages [Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic 2016 2017
Less than
a high
school
diploma		 High school
graduates,
no college(1)		 Some
college or
associate
degree		 Bachelor's
degree and
higher(2)		 Less than
a high
school
diploma		 High school
graduates,
no college(1)		 Some
college or
associate
degree		 Bachelor's
degree and
higher(2)

FOREIGN BORN

White non-Hispanic or Latino

Civilian noninstitutional population

 599 1,610 1,347 3,343 574 1,653 1,364 3,445

Civilian labor force

 203 805 786 2,337 206 841 812 2,409

Participation rate

 34.0 50.0 58.3 69.9 35.9 50.9 59.6 69.9

Employed

 192 772 755 2,271 193 803 779 2,341

Employment-population ratio

 32.1 48.0 56.1 67.9 33.7 48.6 57.1 68.0

Unemployed

 11 33 31 66 13 39 33 68

Unemployment rate

 5.6 4.1 3.9 2.8 6.3 4.6 4.1 2.8

Black non-Hispanic or Latino

Civilian noninstitutional population

 403 878 814 1,060 388 895 798 1,113

Civilian labor force

 220 591 633 871 210 628 612 911

Participation rate

 54.6 67.3 77.7 82.2 54.3 70.1 76.7 81.9

Employed

 201 550 600 833 197 593 585 866

Employment-population ratio

 49.9 62.7 73.7 78.6 50.7 66.3 73.2 77.8

Unemployed

 19 41 32 37 14 35 27 45

Unemployment rate

 8.6 6.9 5.1 4.3 6.5 5.5 4.5 5.0

Asian non-Hispanic or Latino

Civilian noninstitutional population

 1,074 1,895 1,345 5,466 1,052 1,932 1,381 5,515

Civilian labor force

 422 1,129 903 3,932 421 1,185 940 3,983

Participation rate

 39.3 59.6 67.1 71.9 40.0 61.3 68.1 72.2

Employed

 407 1,083 872 3,822 404 1,154 909 3,864

Employment-population ratio

 37.9 57.2 64.8 69.9 38.4 59.7 65.8 70.1

Unemployed

 15 46 31 110 17 31 31 120

Unemployment rate

 3.6 4.1 3.4 2.8 4.0 2.6 3.3 3.0

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

Civilian noninstitutional population

 7,574 5,034 2,492 2,291 7,438 5,108 2,433 2,458

Civilian labor force

 4,757 3,604 1,858 1,744 4,698 3,694 1,850 1,824

Participation rate

 62.8 71.6 74.5 76.1 63.2 72.3 76.0 74.2

Employed

 4,514 3,451 1,787 1,687 4,488 3,551 1,789 1,766

Employment-population ratio

 59.6 68.6 71.7 73.6 60.3 69.5 73.5 71.8

Unemployed

 243 153 71 56 210 143 61 58

Unemployment rate

 5.1 4.2 3.8 3.2 4.5 3.9 3.3 3.2

NATIVE BORN

White non-Hispanic or Latino

Civilian noninstitutional population

 8,248 38,586 37,803 49,550 7,804 38,295 37,581 50,848

Civilian labor force

 2,916 21,014 24,331 36,292 2,713 20,767 23,817 37,050

Participation rate

 35.4 54.5 64.4 73.2 34.8 54.2 63.4 72.9

Employed

 2,683 20,091 23,477 35,488 2,524 19,959 23,057 36,326

Employment-population ratio

 32.5 52.1 62.1 71.6 32.3 52.1 61.4 71.4

Unemployed

 233 923 854 803 189 808 760 724

Unemployment rate

 8.0 4.4 3.5 2.2 7.0 3.9 3.2 2.0

Black non-Hispanic or Latino

Civilian noninstitutional population

 2,579 7,463 6,640 4,820 2,486 7,507 6,754 5,065

Civilian labor force

 861 4,299 4,508 3,679 785 4,355 4,632 3,888

Participation rate

 33.4 57.6 67.9 76.3 31.6 58.0 68.6 76.8

Employed

 721 3,917 4,224 3,549 663 3,998 4,352 3,766

Employment-population ratio

 28.0 52.5 63.6 73.6 26.7 53.3 64.4 74.4

Unemployed

 140 382 284 130 123 357 280 122

Unemployment rate

 16.3 8.9 6.3 3.5 15.6 8.2 6.0 3.1

Asian non-Hispanic or Latino

Civilian noninstitutional population

 152 461 640 1,569 141 476 610 1,714

Civilian labor force

 61 271 449 1,252 54 279 420 1,355

Participation rate

 40.0 58.9 70.2 79.8 38.4 58.6 68.9 79.1

Employed

 56 262 427 1,218 52 269 407 1,329

Employment-population ratio

 36.8 56.8 66.6 77.6 36.8 56.6 66.8 77.5

Unemployed

 5 9 23 34 2 10 13 26

Unemployment rate

 7.9 3.5 5.1 2.7 4.3 3.5 3.1 1.9

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

Civilian noninstitutional population

 2,282 4,757 4,560 3,218 2,291 4,904 4,787 3,422

Civilian labor force

 1,058 3,139 3,420 2,654 1,057 3,273 3,556 2,837

Participation rate

 46.4 66.0 75.0 82.5 46.1 66.7 74.3 82.9

Employed

 958 2,946 3,266 2,576 974 3,091 3,407 2,759

Employment-population ratio

 42.0 61.9 71.6 80.0 42.5 63.0 71.2 80.6

Unemployed

 100 193 154 78 83 182 149 78

Unemployment rate

 9.5 6.2 4.5 3.0 7.8 5.6 4.2 2.7

Footnotes
 (1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Data for race/ethnicity groups do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Table of Contents

Last Modified Date: May 17, 2018