State Job Openings and Labor Turnover News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Thursday, March 20, 2025	USDL-25-0378
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                       STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JANUARY 2025

Job openings rates increased in 3 states and decreased in 2 states in January, the U.S. Bureau of Labor 
Statistics reported today. Over the month, hires rates decreased in 11 states and increased in 4 states. 
Total separations rates increased in 7 states and decreased in 1 state. Nationally, the job openings, hires, 
and total separations rates showed little or no change in January.

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 
layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia. Job 
openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the month. Hires and separations 
include all changes to the payroll during the entire month.

Job Openings

Job openings rates increased in 3 states, decreased in 2 states, and were little changed in 45 states and 
the District of Columbia in January. The increases in job openings rates occurred in Arizona and 
Vermont (+1.4 percentage points each), as well as in Connecticut (+1.0 point). The decreases occurred 
in Delaware (-1.1 points) and Oklahoma (-0.8 point). Over the month, the national job openings rate 
changed little. (See table 1.)

The number of job openings increased in 6 states, decreased in 2 states, and changed little in 42 states 
and the District of Columbia in January. The largest increases in the job openings level occurred in 
Arizona (+53,000) and Pennsylvania (+45,000), as well as in Massachusetts and Tennessee  
(+26,000 each). The decreases occurred in Oklahoma (-15,000) and Delaware (-6,000). Nationally, the 
number of job openings changed little. (See table 1.)

Hires

In January, hires rates decreased in 11 states, increased in 4 states, and were little changed in 35 states 
and the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in the hires rates occurred in Nevada 
(-1.9 percentage points), Wyoming (-1.7 points), and Utah (-1.5 points). The increases occurred in 
Vermont (+1.3 points) and Texas (+0.9 point), as well as in Connecticut and Tennessee  
(+0.8 point each). The national hires rate was unchanged over the month. (See table 2.)

The number of hires decreased in 12 states, increased in 5 states, and was little changed in 33 states and 
the District of Columbia in January. The largest decreases in the hires level occurred in Nevada  
(-30,000), Washington (-28,000), and New Jersey (-27,000). The largest increases occurred in Texas 
(+128,000), New York (+39,000), and Tennessee (+28,000). Nationally, the number of hires was 
unchanged over the month. (See table 2.)

Total Separations

In January, total separations rates increased in 7 states, decreased in 1 state, and were little changed in 
42 states and the District of Columbia. The largest increases in total separations rates occurred in Idaho 
(+1.9 percentage points), Vermont (+1.6 points), and Colorado (+1.5 points). The decrease occurred in 
Rhode Island (-2.3 points). Over the month, the national total separations rate changed little.  
(See table 3.)

The number of total separations increased in 8 states, decreased in 1 state, and changed little in 41 
states and the District of Columbia in January. The largest increases in the total separations level 
occurred in Colorado (+47,000), Illinois (+39,000), and Tennessee (+35,000). The decrease occurred in 
Rhode Island (-12,000). Nationally, the number of total separations changed little over the month. 
(See table 3.)
 
Quits

In January, quits rates increased in 7 states and were little changed in 43 states and the District of 
Columbia. The largest increases in quits rates occurred in Colorado (+1.3 percentage points), Tennessee 
(+1.2 points), and Vermont (+1.0 point). Over the month, the national quits rate changed little.  
(See table 4.)

The number of quits increased in 11 states, decreased in 1 state, and was little changed in 38 states and 
the District of Columbia in January. The largest increases in the quits level occurred in Florida 
(+50,000), Illinois (+44,000), and Tennessee (+39,000). The decrease occurred in Texas (-43,000). 
Nationally, the number of quits changed little. (See table 4.)

Layoffs and Discharges

In January, layoffs and discharges rates decreased in 2 states, increased in 1 state, and were little 
changed in 47 states and the District of Columbia. The decreases in layoffs and discharges rates 
occurred in Rhode Island (-2.5 percentage points) and Florida (-0.6 point). The increase occurred in 
Minnesota (+0.4 point). The national layoffs and discharges rate changed little over the month.
(See table 5.)

The number of layoffs and discharges decreased in 2 states, increased in 1 state, and changed little in 
47 states and the District of Columbia in January. The decreases in the layoffs and discharges level 
occurred in Florida (-59,000) and Rhode Island (-13,000). The increase occurred in Minnesota 
(+15,000). Nationally, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed. (See table 5.)

For more information, please see the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) interactive 
charts at www.bls.gov/charts/state-job-openings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#.  
	
State Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for February 2025 are scheduled to be 
released on Wednesday, April 16, 2025, at 10:00 a.m. (ET)   

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________                       
|                       Upcoming Revisions to the JOLTS State Estimates                                  |
|													 |
|Effective with the release of May 2025 data on July 23, 2025, the Job Openings and Labor Turnover       | 
|Survey (JOLTS) state estimates will incorporate the annual benchmark revisions to JOLTS national        | 
|estimates, updated Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment estimates, and updated Quarterly      | 
|Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) data. Seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data        | 
|from January 2020 forward are subject to revision. In addition, 2024 annual estimates for states will be| 
|released at this time.                                                                                  |
|________________________________________________________________________________________________________|

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. State estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and 
total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian federal, state, 
and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Starting with data for January 2023, 
industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. 
A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active recruiting 
means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in newspapers, on 
television, or on the radio; posting internet notices, posting "help wanted" signs, networking, or making "word-
of-mouth" announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; contacting employment agencies; 
or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future; positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work; and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation:  quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily, with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer, such as layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Other separations comprise less than 8 percent of total separations. Other separations rates are generally very low, 
and other separations variance estimates are relatively high. Consequently, the other separations component is not 
published for states. 

Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by 
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and layoffs and 
discharges rates are computed similarly.

State Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business and 
government establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size 
class. The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments does not directly support the production of sample-based state 
estimates. However, state estimates have been produced by combining the available sample with model-based 
estimates.

The state estimates consist of four major estimating models; the Composite Regional model (an unpublished 
intermediate model), the Synthetic model (an unpublished intermediate model), the Composite Synthetic model 
(published historical series through the most current benchmark year), and the Extended Composite Synthetic model 
(published current-year monthly series). The Composite Regional model uses JOLTS microdata, JOLTS regional 
published estimates, and Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The Composite Synthetic model 
uses JOLTS microdata and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly employment changes in microdata from 
the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 
Composite Synthetic model extends the Composite Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite Synthetic 
model by the ratio of the current Composite Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional model estimate 
from the previous year.

The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the Composite Regional model) is used 
to extend the Composite Synthetic estimates because all of the inputs required by this model are available at the time 
monthly estimate are produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the 
Synthetic model) can only be produced when the latest QCEW data are available. The Extended Composite 
Synthetic model estimates are used to extend the Composite Synthetic model estimates during the annual JOLTS
retabulation process. The extension of the Composite Synthetic model using current data-based Composite Regional 
model estimates ensures that the Composite Synthetic model estimates reflect current economic trends.

The Composite Regional approach calculates state-level JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using sample 
weights and the adjustments for non-response. The Composite Regional estimate is then benchmarked to CES state-
supersector employment to produce state-supersector estimates. The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a 
reasonably sized sample for each state-supersector cell. The small JOLTS sample results in several state-supersector 
cells that lack enough data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome this issue, the state-level estimates 
derived directly from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS regional estimates when the number of 
respondents is low (that is, less than 30). This approach is known as a composite estimate, which leverages the small 
JOLTS sample to the greatest extent possible and supplements that with a model-based estimate. Previous research 
has found that regional industry estimates are a good proxy at finer levels of geographical detail. That is, one can 
make a reliable prediction of JOLTS estimates at the regional-level using only national industry-level JOLTS rates. 
The assumption in this approach is that one can make a good prediction of JOLTS estimates at the state-level using 
only regional industry-level JOLTS rates.)

In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all state-
supersector cells that have 30 or more respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be used, without a sample-
based component, in all state-supersector cells that have fewer than five respondents. In all state-supersector cells 
with 5 to 30 respondents, an estimate is calculated that is a composition of a weighted estimate of the microdata-
based estimate and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS data in 
those cells is proportional to the number of JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n/30, where n is the number of 
respondents). The sum of state estimates within a region is made equal to the aligned regional JOLTS published 
regional estimates.

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses the seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) to seasonally adjust 
the JOLTS series. Each month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology uses all relevant data, up to and 
including the current month, to calculate new seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are used as seasonal 
filters in seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models, as well 
as regression with autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. 

Annual estimates and benchmarking. The JOLTS state estimates utilize and leverage data from three BLS 
programs; JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. These state estimates are published as a historical series made up of a 
historical annually revised benchmark component ofthe Composite Synthetic model and a current component of the 
Extended Composite Synthetic model that provides monthly "real-time" estimates between lagged benchmarks.

The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are 
applied to all JOLTS data elements.

The seasonally adjusted estimates are recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect updated seasonal 
adjustment factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally 
adjusted JOLTS data series for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels. 

Annual average levels for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published monthly levels 
by 12. 

Annual average rates for hires, total separations quits, and layoffs and discharges are calculated by dividing the 
sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published levels for each data element by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published 
employment levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Annual average rates for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published 
levels by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment levels plus the sum of the 12 monthly job openings 
levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.)

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of error:  sampling error and nonsampling error.

Sampling error can result when a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a chance that 
the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling 
error, varies with the sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent chance 
that the true population mean will fall into the interval created by the sample mean plus or minus 1.65 standard 
errors. Estimates of median standard errors are released monthly as part of the significant change tables on the 
JOLTS webpage. Standard errors are updated annually with the most recent 5 years of data. For sampling error 
estimates, see www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the 
inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from 
the employment benchmark data used in estimation. The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures to reduce 
nonsampling error in the survey's design. 

The JOLTS state variance estimates account for both sampling error and the error attributable to modeling. A 
small area domain model uses a Bayesian approach to develop estimates of JOLTS state variance. The small area 
model uses QCEW-based JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian prior distribution, then updates the 
prior distribution using JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance estimates at the state and US Census regional 
level to generate a Bayesian posterior distribution. Once the Bayesian posterior distribution has been generated, 
estimates of JOLTS state variances are made by drawing 2,500 estimates from the Bayesian posterior distribution. 
This Bayesian approach thus indirectly accounts for sampling error and directly for model error.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications 
relay services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Jan. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)	Change from: Dec. 2024 - Jan. 2025(p)	Jan. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)	Change from: Dec. 2024 - Jan. 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	8,468	7,615	8,031	7,508	7,740	232	5.1	4.6	4.8	4.5	4.6	0.1
Alabama	129	134	132	115	121	6	5.6	5.7	5.6	5.0	5.2	0.2
Alaska	25	24	24	22	21	-1	7.0	6.6	6.6	6.1	5.8	-0.3
Arizona	156	172	199	180	233	53	4.6	5.0	5.7	5.3	6.7	1.4
Arkansas	79	83	87	80	76	-4	5.5	5.7	5.9	5.5	5.2	-0.3
California	770	626	749	686	713	27	4.1	3.3	4.0	3.7	3.8	0.1
Colorado	193	258	167	127	144	17	6.1	7.9	5.3	4.1	4.6	0.5
Connecticut	90	74	78	73	92	19	5.0	4.2	4.4	4.1	5.1	1.0
Delaware	31	29	29	25	19	-6	6.0	5.6	5.6	4.8	3.7	-1.1
District of Columbia	42	37	38	33	33	0	5.2	4.6	4.7	4.1	4.1	0.0
Florida	526	494	522	464	503	39	5.0	4.7	5.0	4.4	4.8	0.4
Georgia	283	298	305	289	286	-3	5.4	5.6	5.8	5.5	5.5	0.0
Hawaii	27	27	28	26	27	1	4.1	4.1	4.2	3.9	4.0	0.1
Idaho	52	50	45	42	46	4	5.7	5.4	4.8	4.6	5.0	0.4
Illinois	362	278	277	276	277	1	5.6	4.3	4.3	4.3	4.3	0.0
Indiana	160	154	166	154	150	-4	4.7	4.5	4.8	4.5	4.4	-0.1
Iowa	91	76	70	70	75	5	5.4	4.5	4.2	4.2	4.5	0.3
Kansas	79	77	75	72	75	3	5.2	5.0	4.9	4.7	4.9	0.2
Kentucky	119	141	149	136	133	-3	5.6	6.4	6.8	6.2	6.1	-0.1
Louisiana	122	118	114	105	106	1	5.9	5.7	5.5	5.0	5.0	0.0
Maine	45	39	33	34	37	3	6.4	5.6	4.8	4.9	5.3	0.4
Maryland	226	165	165	130	112	-18	7.6	5.6	5.6	4.4	3.8	-0.6
Massachusetts	221	174	191	201	227	26	5.6	4.4	4.9	5.1	5.7	0.6
Michigan	256	227	210	197	200	3	5.4	4.8	4.5	4.2	4.2	0.0
Minnesota	182	189	168	165	182	17	5.7	5.9	5.2	5.2	5.6	0.4
Mississippi	73	75	71	59	59	0	5.8	5.9	5.6	4.7	4.7	0.0
Missouri	194	193	178	169	165	-4	6.1	5.9	5.5	5.3	5.2	-0.1
Montana	35	31	34	29	29	0	6.2	5.5	6.0	5.2	5.2	0.0
Nebraska	55	54	52	51	46	-5	4.9	4.8	4.6	4.6	4.2	-0.4
Nevada	86	75	79	75	73	-2	5.2	4.5	4.8	4.5	4.4	-0.1
New Hampshire	41	32	36	36	36	0	5.5	4.3	4.8	4.8	4.8	0.0
New Jersey	214	200	199	186	195	9	4.7	4.4	4.3	4.1	4.3	0.2
New Mexico	52	55	56	54	52	-2	5.6	5.8	5.9	5.7	5.5	-0.2
New York	509	422	467	503	478	-25	4.9	4.1	4.5	4.8	4.6	-0.2
North Carolina	289	275	325	270	274	4	5.5	5.2	6.1	5.1	5.1	0.0
North Dakota	26	25	25	24	24	0	5.6	5.3	5.3	5.1	5.1	0.0
Ohio	320	288	301	289	295	6	5.4	4.8	5.0	4.9	5.0	0.1
Oklahoma	112	114	108	98	83	-15	6.0	6.0	5.7	5.2	4.4	-0.8
Oregon	134	100	102	101	99	-2	6.4	4.8	4.9	4.8	4.7	-0.1
Pennsylvania	360	225	313	242	287	45	5.6	3.5	4.8	3.8	4.4	0.6
Rhode Island	29	26	28	27	29	2	5.4	4.8	5.2	5.0	5.3	0.3
South Carolina	163	154	156	134	124	-10	6.5	6.0	6.1	5.3	4.9	-0.4
South Dakota	28	25	24	23	20	-3	5.6	5.1	4.9	4.7	4.1	-0.6
Tennessee	190	182	163	145	171	26	5.4	5.2	4.6	4.1	4.8	0.7
Texas	786	591	660	595	591	-4	5.3	4.0	4.4	4.0	4.0	0.0
Utah	90	91	87	76	86	10	4.9	4.9	4.7	4.1	4.6	0.5
Vermont	17	15	15	16	21	5	5.2	4.5	4.5	4.9	6.3	1.4
Virginia	270	276	286	246	259	13	6.0	6.1	6.3	5.4	5.7	0.3
Washington	170	157	163	153	137	-16	4.5	4.1	4.3	4.0	3.6	-0.4
West Virginia	53	49	52	42	47	5	6.9	6.4	6.7	5.5	6.2	0.7
Wisconsin	168	151	140	144	156	12	5.3	4.7	4.4	4.5	4.9	0.4
Wyoming	18	17	17	15	16	1	5.8	5.4	5.4	4.8	5.1	0.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Jan. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)	Change from: Dec. 2024 - Jan. 2025(p)	Jan. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)	Change from: Dec. 2024 - Jan. 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,572	5,350	5,307	5,374	5,393	19	3.5	3.4	3.3	3.4	3.4	0.0
Alabama	91	77	80	78	79	1	4.2	3.5	3.6	3.5	3.6	0.1
Alaska	19	18	18	20	16	-4	5.7	5.3	5.3	5.9	4.7	-1.2
Arizona	127	108	115	127	115	-12	3.9	3.3	3.5	3.9	3.5	-0.4
Arkansas	58	54	51	53	51	-2	4.3	3.9	3.7	3.8	3.7	-0.1
California	503	488	525	536	575	39	2.8	2.7	2.9	3.0	3.2	0.2
Colorado	112	130	108	121	98	-23	3.8	4.3	3.6	4.1	3.3	-0.8
Connecticut	61	57	50	53	67	14	3.6	3.3	2.9	3.1	3.9	0.8
Delaware	23	18	19	18	15	-3	4.7	3.7	3.9	3.7	3.0	-0.7
District of Columbia	23	21	19	20	19	-1	3.0	2.7	2.4	2.6	2.5	-0.1
Florida	369	323	354	358	377	19	3.7	3.2	3.5	3.6	3.8	0.2
Georgia	214	183	187	187	180	-7	4.3	3.7	3.8	3.8	3.6	-0.2
Hawaii	18	19	21	23	19	-4	2.8	3.0	3.3	3.6	2.9	-0.7
Idaho	41	46	36	40	33	-7	4.8	5.2	4.1	4.6	3.8	-0.8
Illinois	216	202	208	196	178	-18	3.5	3.3	3.4	3.2	2.9	-0.3
Indiana	116	130	143	133	125	-8	3.5	3.9	4.3	4.1	3.8	-0.3
Iowa	58	50	57	49	53	4	3.6	3.1	3.6	3.1	3.3	0.2
Kansas	50	48	52	50	51	1	3.5	3.3	3.5	3.4	3.5	0.1
Kentucky	90	73	73	73	67	-6	4.5	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.3	-0.3
Louisiana	91	90	79	82	78	-4	4.7	4.6	4.0	4.1	3.9	-0.2
Maine	23	29	25	21	25	4	3.5	4.4	3.8	3.2	3.8	0.6
Maryland	119	101	91	88	82	-6	4.3	3.6	3.3	3.1	2.9	-0.2
Massachusetts	100	100	118	107	110	3	2.7	2.7	3.2	2.9	3.0	0.1
Michigan	150	164	158	161	165	4	3.4	3.6	3.5	3.6	3.7	0.1
Minnesota	112	115	97	96	107	11	3.7	3.8	3.2	3.2	3.5	0.3
Mississippi	52	51	44	41	37	-4	4.4	4.3	3.7	3.4	3.1	-0.3
Missouri	100	92	107	96	95	-1	3.3	3.0	3.5	3.2	3.2	0.0
Montana	27	24	26	29	22	-7	5.1	4.5	4.8	5.5	4.2	-1.3
Nebraska	38	36	39	36	31	-5	3.6	3.3	3.6	3.4	2.9	-0.5
Nevada	62	60	66	78	48	-30	3.9	3.8	4.2	4.9	3.0	-1.9
New Hampshire	25	26	25	22	24	2	3.6	3.6	3.5	3.1	3.4	0.3
New Jersey	148	139	133	143	116	-27	3.4	3.2	3.0	3.3	2.7	-0.6
New Mexico	34	32	34	41	30	-11	3.9	3.6	3.8	4.6	3.3	-1.3
New York	276	285	307	254	293	39	2.8	2.9	3.1	2.6	2.9	0.3
North Carolina	200	194	187	180	166	-14	4.0	3.9	3.7	3.6	3.3	-0.3
North Dakota	18	16	18	19	16	-3	4.1	3.6	4.0	4.2	3.6	-0.6
Ohio	193	182	181	196	201	5	3.4	3.2	3.2	3.5	3.6	0.1
Oklahoma	80	85	66	71	62	-9	4.5	4.7	3.7	4.0	3.5	-0.5
Oregon	84	68	73	83	59	-24	4.3	3.4	3.7	4.2	2.9	-1.3
Pennsylvania	229	189	187	170	163	-7	3.7	3.0	3.0	2.8	2.6	-0.2
Rhode Island	19	21	20	18	21	3	3.7	4.1	3.9	3.5	4.1	0.6
South Carolina	119	102	97	100	104	4	5.1	4.3	4.0	4.2	4.4	0.2
South Dakota	19	17	19	19	15	-4	4.1	3.6	4.1	4.0	3.2	-0.8
Tennessee	141	132	115	115	143	28	4.3	3.9	3.4	3.4	4.2	0.8
Texas	522	544	455	465	593	128	3.7	3.8	3.2	3.3	4.2	0.9
Utah	65	63	68	85	59	-26	3.7	3.6	3.8	4.8	3.3	-1.5
Vermont	11	12	12	11	15	4	3.5	3.8	3.8	3.5	4.8	1.3
Virginia	169	137	144	141	163	22	4.0	3.2	3.4	3.3	3.8	0.5
Washington	124	104	116	122	94	-28	3.4	2.9	3.2	3.3	2.6	-0.7
West Virginia	37	30	30	28	28	0	5.1	4.2	4.2	3.9	3.9	0.0
Wisconsin	109	95	104	104	101	-3	3.6	3.1	3.4	3.4	3.3	-0.1
Wyoming	13	12	15	16	11	-5	4.5	4.0	5.0	5.4	3.7	-1.7
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Jan. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)	Change from: Dec. 2024 - Jan. 2025(p)	Jan. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)	Change from: Dec. 2024 - Jan. 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,429	5,285	5,087	5,082	5,252	170	3.5	3.3	3.2	3.2	3.3	0.1
Alabama	82	80	76	73	74	1	3.8	3.6	3.4	3.3	3.4	0.1
Alaska	18	20	21	19	18	-1	5.4	5.9	6.2	5.6	5.3	-0.3
Arizona	122	134	96	98	130	32	3.8	4.1	2.9	3.0	4.0	1.0
Arkansas	52	52	47	51	50	-1	3.8	3.8	3.4	3.7	3.6	-0.1
California	499	538	660	503	498	-5	2.8	3.0	3.6	2.8	2.8	0.0
Colorado	130	142	110	85	132	47	4.4	4.7	3.7	2.9	4.4	1.5
Connecticut	54	60	51	48	60	12	3.2	3.5	3.0	2.8	3.5	0.7
Delaware	25	18	19	21	17	-4	5.1	3.7	3.9	4.3	3.5	-0.8
District of Columbia	22	21	20	22	20	-2	2.9	2.7	2.6	2.8	2.6	-0.2
Florida	391	338	339	334	323	-11	4.0	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.2	-0.1
Georgia	190	180	183	172	167	-5	3.8	3.6	3.7	3.5	3.4	-0.1
Hawaii	19	20	21	20	22	2	3.0	3.1	3.3	3.1	3.4	0.3
Idaho	40	39	39	35	52	17	4.7	4.4	4.4	4.0	5.9	1.9
Illinois	191	174	173	173	212	39	3.1	2.8	2.8	2.8	3.4	0.6
Indiana	118	144	132	115	129	14	3.6	4.4	4.0	3.5	4.0	0.5
Iowa	62	51	53	55	57	2	3.9	3.2	3.3	3.5	3.6	0.1
Kansas	57	46	49	49	57	8	3.9	3.1	3.3	3.4	3.9	0.5
Kentucky	81	79	73	76	73	-3	4.0	3.9	3.6	3.7	3.6	-0.1
Louisiana	85	87	75	80	80	0	4.3	4.4	3.8	4.0	4.0	0.0
Maine	26	27	23	22	25	3	4.0	4.1	3.5	3.3	3.8	0.5
Maryland	96	94	92	98	85	-13	3.5	3.4	3.3	3.5	3.0	-0.5
Massachusetts	98	94	101	89	101	12	2.6	2.5	2.7	2.4	2.7	0.3
Michigan	149	158	187	159	146	-13	3.3	3.5	4.2	3.5	3.2	-0.3
Minnesota	96	108	88	91	108	17	3.2	3.6	2.9	3.0	3.5	0.5
Mississippi	50	48	45	44	42	-2	4.2	4.0	3.8	3.7	3.5	-0.2
Missouri	95	96	98	90	99	9	3.2	3.1	3.2	3.0	3.3	0.3
Montana	26	26	27	26	30	4	5.0	4.9	5.0	4.9	5.7	0.8
Nebraska	44	35	36	33	33	0	4.2	3.2	3.3	3.1	3.1	0.0
Nevada	63	62	63	58	65	7	4.0	3.9	4.0	3.7	4.1	0.4
New Hampshire	28	24	28	22	24	2	4.0	3.4	3.9	3.1	3.4	0.3
New Jersey	148	131	130	139	138	-1	3.4	3.0	3.0	3.2	3.2	0.0
New Mexico	34	31	35	31	32	1	3.9	3.5	3.9	3.5	3.6	0.1
New York	270	244	240	250	244	-6	2.8	2.5	2.4	2.5	2.4	-0.1
North Carolina	185	155	169	173	164	-9	3.7	3.1	3.4	3.4	3.2	-0.2
North Dakota	19	17	18	17	19	2	4.3	3.8	4.0	3.8	4.2	0.4
Ohio	168	202	189	191	189	-2	3.0	3.6	3.3	3.4	3.3	-0.1
Oklahoma	73	79	68	68	66	-2	4.1	4.4	3.8	3.8	3.7	-0.1
Oregon	81	78	73	68	76	8	4.1	3.9	3.7	3.4	3.8	0.4
Pennsylvania	176	155	153	145	166	21	2.9	2.5	2.5	2.3	2.7	0.4
Rhode Island	19	22	19	32	20	-12	3.7	4.3	3.7	6.2	3.9	-2.3
South Carolina	103	101	90	105	90	-15	4.4	4.2	3.8	4.4	3.8	-0.6
South Dakota	20	16	18	18	17	-1	4.3	3.4	3.8	3.8	3.6	-0.2
Tennessee	117	149	127	122	157	35	3.5	4.5	3.8	3.6	4.7	1.1
Texas	505	450	409	515	469	-46	3.6	3.2	2.9	3.6	3.3	-0.3
Utah	73	69	68	63	71	8	4.2	3.9	3.8	3.6	4.0	0.4
Vermont	12	12	12	10	15	5	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.2	4.8	1.6
Virginia	158	147	142	137	141	4	3.8	3.5	3.3	3.2	3.3	0.1
Washington	114	108	108	110	102	-8	3.1	3.0	2.9	3.0	2.8	-0.2
West Virginia	32	30	32	27	32	5	4.4	4.2	4.4	3.8	4.5	0.7
Wisconsin	116	96	93	90	100	10	3.8	3.2	3.1	3.0	3.3	0.3
Wyoming	14	17	17	14	14	0	4.8	5.7	5.7	4.7	4.7	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Jan. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)	Change from: Dec. 2024 - Jan. 2025(p)	Jan. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)	Change from: Dec. 2024 - Jan. 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,353	3,217	3,032	3,095	3,266	171	2.1	2.0	1.9	1.9	2.1	0.2
Alabama	56	52	52	50	47	-3	2.6	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.1	-0.2
Alaska	12	13	13	11	11	0	3.6	3.8	3.8	3.2	3.2	0.0
Arizona	77	88	59	59	73	14	2.4	2.7	1.8	1.8	2.2	0.4
Arkansas	35	33	31	32	32	0	2.6	2.4	2.2	2.3	2.3	0.0
California	306	328	337	326	291	-35	1.7	1.8	1.9	1.8	1.6	-0.2
Colorado	90	77	75	49	86	37	3.0	2.6	2.5	1.6	2.9	1.3
Connecticut	32	31	25	27	36	9	1.9	1.8	1.5	1.6	2.1	0.5
Delaware	15	11	12	13	10	-3	3.1	2.3	2.5	2.6	2.0	-0.6
District of Columbia	14	13	14	14	12	-2	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.8	1.6	-0.2
Florida	266	224	243	193	243	50	2.7	2.3	2.4	1.9	2.4	0.5
Georgia	126	118	115	101	95	-6	2.6	2.4	2.3	2.0	1.9	-0.1
Hawaii	12	12	13	12	13	1	1.9	1.9	2.0	1.9	2.0	0.1
Idaho	26	24	24	22	28	6	3.0	2.7	2.7	2.5	3.2	0.7
Illinois	121	112	100	89	133	44	2.0	1.8	1.6	1.4	2.2	0.8
Indiana	72	104	84	68	81	13	2.2	3.1	2.5	2.1	2.5	0.4
Iowa	35	34	33	34	35	1	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.2	0.1
Kansas	31	29	27	28	36	8	2.1	2.0	1.8	1.9	2.5	0.6
Kentucky	55	50	46	44	42	-2	2.7	2.4	2.2	2.2	2.1	-0.1
Louisiana	54	53	47	49	51	2	2.8	2.7	2.4	2.5	2.6	0.1
Maine	16	13	12	13	15	2	2.4	2.0	1.8	2.0	2.3	0.3
Maryland	60	55	56	58	52	-6	2.2	2.0	2.0	2.0	1.8	-0.2
Massachusetts	55	49	51	45	59	14	1.5	1.3	1.4	1.2	1.6	0.4
Michigan	84	96	92	86	85	-1	1.9	2.1	2.0	1.9	1.9	0.0
Minnesota	53	63	58	57	62	5	1.8	2.1	1.9	1.9	2.0	0.1
Mississippi	34	30	29	28	27	-1	2.9	2.5	2.4	2.3	2.3	0.0
Missouri	57	65	63	57	62	5	1.9	2.1	2.0	1.9	2.1	0.2
Montana	17	16	16	15	17	2	3.2	3.0	3.0	2.8	3.2	0.4
Nebraska	24	23	22	19	20	1	2.3	2.1	2.0	1.8	1.9	0.1
Nevada	38	39	36	36	36	0	2.4	2.5	2.3	2.3	2.3	0.0
New Hampshire	16	12	11	12	12	0	2.3	1.7	1.5	1.7	1.7	0.0
New Jersey	70	62	62	70	65	-5	1.6	1.4	1.4	1.6	1.5	-0.1
New Mexico	21	19	21	18	19	1	2.4	2.1	2.4	2.0	2.1	0.1
New York	154	164	130	150	159	9	1.6	1.7	1.3	1.5	1.6	0.1
North Carolina	107	91	96	110	108	-2	2.2	1.8	1.9	2.2	2.1	-0.1
North Dakota	11	12	10	10	11	1	2.5	2.7	2.2	2.2	2.5	0.3
Ohio	111	135	123	112	118	6	2.0	2.4	2.2	2.0	2.1	0.1
Oklahoma	45	53	44	45	44	-1	2.5	3.0	2.4	2.5	2.5	0.0
Oregon	52	49	45	43	45	2	2.6	2.5	2.3	2.2	2.2	0.0
Pennsylvania	119	91	91	91	112	21	1.9	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.8	0.3
Rhode Island	11	10	9	10	12	2	2.1	1.9	1.7	1.9	2.3	0.4
South Carolina	68	62	61	70	59	-11	2.9	2.6	2.5	2.9	2.5	-0.4
South Dakota	12	11	11	11	10	-1	2.6	2.3	2.4	2.3	2.1	-0.2
Tennessee	82	94	80	72	111	39	2.5	2.8	2.4	2.1	3.3	1.2
Texas	358	265	263	353	310	-43	2.5	1.9	1.8	2.5	2.2	-0.3
Utah	50	41	37	39	43	4	2.9	2.3	2.1	2.2	2.4	0.2
Vermont	7	6	6	5	8	3	2.2	1.9	1.9	1.6	2.6	1.0
Virginia	103	90	90	89	81	-8	2.5	2.1	2.1	2.1	1.9	-0.2
Washington	73	66	66	70	56	-14	2.0	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.5	-0.4
West Virginia	22	19	20	17	22	5	3.1	2.6	2.8	2.4	3.1	0.7
Wisconsin	69	65	56	54	61	7	2.3	2.1	1.8	1.8	2.0	0.2
Wyoming	9	11	11	9	9	0	3.1	3.7	3.7	3.0	3.0	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Jan. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)	Change from: Dec. 2024 - Jan. 2025(p)	Jan. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)	Change from: Dec. 2024 - Jan. 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,692	1,788	1,739	1,669	1,635	-34	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.0	-0.1
Alabama	21	24	19	21	22	1	1.0	1.1	0.9	1.0	1.0	0.0
Alaska	5	6	7	6	5	-1	1.5	1.8	2.1	1.8	1.5	-0.3
Arizona	39	38	31	31	41	10	1.2	1.2	0.9	1.0	1.3	0.3
Arkansas	14	17	13	16	15	-1	1.0	1.2	0.9	1.2	1.1	-0.1
California	165	195	301	148	174	26	0.9	1.1	1.7	0.8	1.0	0.2
Colorado	33	57	30	29	33	4	1.1	1.9	1.0	1.0	1.1	0.1
Connecticut	18	27	21	16	18	2	1.1	1.6	1.2	0.9	1.0	0.1
Delaware	9	5	5	7	5	-2	1.8	1.0	1.0	1.4	1.0	-0.4
District of Columbia	6	7	5	6	7	1	0.8	0.9	0.6	0.8	0.9	0.1
Florida	106	103	85	124	65	-59	1.1	1.0	0.9	1.2	0.6	-0.6
Georgia	49	55	54	63	63	0	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.3	1.3	0.0
Hawaii	5	6	8	6	7	1	0.8	0.9	1.2	0.9	1.1	0.2
Idaho	12	12	12	11	14	3	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.6	0.3
Illinois	54	58	63	77	70	-7	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.2	1.1	-0.1
Indiana	32	36	40	39	42	3	1.0	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.3	0.1
Iowa	16	14	17	17	19	2	1.0	0.9	1.1	1.1	1.2	0.1
Kansas	14	14	19	18	17	-1	1.0	1.0	1.3	1.2	1.2	0.0
Kentucky	20	24	21	26	27	1	1.0	1.2	1.0	1.3	1.3	0.0
Louisiana	24	30	24	26	25	-1	1.2	1.5	1.2	1.3	1.3	0.0
Maine	8	11	9	7	7	0	1.2	1.7	1.4	1.1	1.1	0.0
Maryland	26	31	28	35	27	-8	0.9	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.0	-0.2
Massachusetts	36	36	36	35	32	-3	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.0
Michigan	48	55	87	66	56	-10	1.1	1.2	1.9	1.5	1.2	-0.3
Minnesota	28	37	25	26	41	15	0.9	1.2	0.8	0.9	1.3	0.4
Mississippi	13	15	12	13	12	-1	1.1	1.3	1.0	1.1	1.0	-0.1
Missouri	28	25	29	26	30	4	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.1
Montana	8	8	9	9	9	0	1.5	1.5	1.7	1.7	1.7	0.0
Nebraska	12	10	12	12	12	0	1.1	0.9	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.0
Nevada	22	19	23	18	23	5	1.4	1.2	1.5	1.1	1.5	0.4
New Hampshire	10	10	10	8	8	0	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.1	1.1	0.0
New Jersey	66	56	54	57	68	11	1.5	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.6	0.3
New Mexico	10	9	12	10	9	-1	1.1	1.0	1.3	1.1	1.0	-0.1
New York	97	64	100	85	76	-9	1.0	0.6	1.0	0.9	0.8	-0.1
North Carolina	69	59	63	54	46	-8	1.4	1.2	1.2	1.1	0.9	-0.2
North Dakota	5	4	7	6	7	1	1.1	0.9	1.6	1.3	1.6	0.3
Ohio	36	56	55	69	59	-10	0.6	1.0	1.0	1.2	1.0	-0.2
Oklahoma	23	23	20	19	18	-1	1.3	1.3	1.1	1.1	1.0	-0.1
Oregon	24	23	24	20	22	2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.0	1.1	0.1
Pennsylvania	50	56	55	46	43	-3	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.7	0.7	0.0
Rhode Island	7	9	8	19	6	-13	1.4	1.8	1.6	3.7	1.2	-2.5
South Carolina	29	35	25	31	25	-6	1.2	1.5	1.0	1.3	1.0	-0.3
South Dakota	5	4	6	6	6	0	1.1	0.9	1.3	1.3	1.3	0.0
Tennessee	27	48	38	43	37	-6	0.8	1.4	1.1	1.3	1.1	-0.2
Texas	124	167	125	129	129	0	0.9	1.2	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.0
Utah	19	23	27	19	22	3	1.1	1.3	1.5	1.1	1.2	0.1
Vermont	4	5	5	3	4	1	1.3	1.6	1.6	1.0	1.3	0.3
Virginia	42	48	40	38	49	11	1.0	1.1	0.9	0.9	1.1	0.2
Washington	35	34	36	33	37	4	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.1
West Virginia	8	10	8	8	8	0	1.1	1.4	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.0
Wisconsin	29	26	31	29	33	4	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.1	0.1
Wyoming	4	4	5	4	4	0	1.4	1.3	1.7	1.4	1.4	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Jan. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)	Jan. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	8,564	6,970	7,821	5.2	4.2	4.7
Alabama	130	112	120	5.7	4.8	5.2
Alaska	22	19	19	6.4	5.6	5.5
Arizona	164	166	256	4.8	4.8	7.3
Arkansas	77	79	69	5.4	5.4	4.8
California	774	615	758	4.2	3.3	4.1
Colorado	200	120	158	6.4	3.9	5.1
Connecticut	90	67	92	5.1	3.7	5.2
Delaware	36	23	20	7.0	4.5	3.9
District of Columbia	47	28	34	5.8	3.5	4.3
Florida	523	429	492	5.0	4.1	4.7
Georgia	292	280	286	5.6	5.3	5.5
Hawaii	26	29	30	4.0	4.2	4.5
Idaho	49	38	46	5.5	4.1	5.1
Illinois	360	258	273	5.7	4.0	4.3
Indiana	150	137	139	4.4	4.0	4.1
Iowa	90	65	77	5.5	3.9	4.7
Kansas	83	64	80	5.5	4.2	5.3
Kentucky	117	130	126	5.5	5.9	5.9
Louisiana	132	96	114	6.4	4.6	5.4
Maine	46	32	39	6.7	4.6	5.7
Maryland	253	126	124	8.6	4.2	4.2
Massachusetts	208	186	214	5.4	4.8	5.6
Michigan	250	181	194	5.4	3.8	4.2
Minnesota	179	158	183	5.7	5.0	5.8
Mississippi	70	55	55	5.6	4.4	4.4
Missouri	192	159	162	6.1	5.0	5.2
Montana	33	31	28	6.1	5.6	5.1
Nebraska	59	48	48	5.4	4.3	4.4
Nevada	84	70	73	5.1	4.2	4.5
New Hampshire	44	37	38	6.0	5.0	5.2
New Jersey	220	175	195	4.9	3.8	4.3
New Mexico	56	52	57	6.0	5.4	6.0
New York	516	470	486	5.1	4.5	4.7
North Carolina	282	252	265	5.4	4.7	5.0
North Dakota	24	23	22	5.3	4.9	4.8
Ohio	319	255	296	5.5	4.3	5.1
Oklahoma	121	93	85	6.5	4.9	4.6
Oregon	156	98	106	7.4	4.6	5.1
Pennsylvania	379	238	305	5.9	3.7	4.8
Rhode Island	27	25	26	5.1	4.6	5.0
South Carolina	182	121	137	7.3	4.8	5.5
South Dakota	25	21	18	5.2	4.4	3.8
Tennessee	201	127	183	5.8	3.6	5.2
Texas	753	544	557	5.1	3.7	3.8
Utah	96	73	96	5.3	3.9	5.2
Vermont	19	18	23	5.7	5.3	7.0
Virginia	269	238	253	6.1	5.3	5.7
Washington	181	133	147	4.8	3.5	3.9
West Virginia	52	38	46	6.9	5.0	6.1
Wisconsin	169	125	159	5.4	3.9	5.1
Wyoming	16	17	15	5.3	5.3	5.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Jan. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)	Jan. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,452	3,947	5,264	3.5	2.5	3.4
Alabama	85	59	75	4.0	2.7	3.4
Alaska	17	12	14	5.3	3.7	4.4
Arizona	136	83	128	4.2	2.5	3.9
Arkansas	54	40	46	4.0	2.9	3.3
California	475	385	575	2.7	2.1	3.2
Colorado	111	100	95	3.8	3.3	3.2
Connecticut	56	37	63	3.4	2.1	3.7
Delaware	25	13	15	5.2	2.7	3.1
District of Columbia	23	15	18	3.0	1.9	2.4
Florida	376	292	395	3.8	2.9	4.0
Georgia	211	145	174	4.3	2.9	3.5
Hawaii	19	20	20	3.0	3.0	3.1
Idaho	38	27	31	4.5	3.1	3.6
Illinois	203	160	162	3.4	2.6	2.7
Indiana	103	99	111	3.2	3.0	3.5
Iowa	53	35	50	3.4	2.2	3.2
Kansas	49	37	52	3.5	2.5	3.6
Kentucky	84	58	62	4.2	2.8	3.1
Louisiana	96	60	82	5.0	3.0	4.1
Maine	21	14	22	3.3	2.1	3.5
Maryland	126	68	82	4.7	2.4	2.9
Massachusetts	92	72	102	2.5	1.9	2.8
Michigan	140	126	152	3.2	2.8	3.4
Minnesota	101	71	100	3.4	2.3	3.3
Mississippi	51	32	36	4.3	2.6	3.0
Missouri	97	67	90	3.3	2.2	3.1
Montana	24	24	19	4.7	4.5	3.6
Nebraska	41	29	31	3.9	2.7	3.0
Nevada	62	55	49	4.0	3.4	3.2
New Hampshire	26	16	23	3.7	2.3	3.3
New Jersey	125	97	94	2.9	2.2	2.2
New Mexico	35	26	30	4.0	2.9	3.4
New York	251	177	269	2.6	1.8	2.7
North Carolina	191	121	157	3.9	2.4	3.1
North Dakota	17	14	14	3.8	3.1	3.2
Ohio	173	137	191	3.1	2.4	3.4
Oklahoma	81	55	62	4.6	3.1	3.5
Oregon	89	57	61	4.6	2.9	3.1
Pennsylvania	218	121	149	3.6	1.9	2.4
Rhode Island	16	12	17	3.3	2.3	3.5
South Carolina	122	72	111	5.3	3.0	4.7
South Dakota	16	14	13	3.5	2.9	2.8
Tennessee	135	72	141	4.1	2.1	4.2
Texas	535	348	617	3.8	2.4	4.4
Utah	70	63	63	4.1	3.6	3.6
Vermont	12	10	17	3.9	3.1	5.4
Virginia	158	103	154	3.8	2.4	3.6
Washington	131	83	100	3.7	2.3	2.8
West Virginia	36	21	27	5.1	2.9	3.8
Wisconsin	104	79	96	3.5	2.6	3.2
Wyoming	11	13	9	4.0	4.6	3.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Jan. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)	Jan. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,795	4,850	5,603	3.7	3.0	3.6
Alabama	82	65	76	3.8	2.9	3.5
Alaska	13	15	13	4.1	4.6	3.9
Arizona	128	80	143	4.0	2.4	4.4
Arkansas	53	44	50	3.9	3.2	3.7
California	564	519	553	3.2	2.9	3.1
Colorado	118	77	125	4.0	2.6	4.2
Connecticut	59	45	64	3.5	2.6	3.8
Delaware	30	19	19	6.3	3.8	4.0
District of Columbia	26	20	24	3.4	2.6	3.1
Florida	417	300	354	4.2	3.0	3.5
Georgia	200	154	176	4.1	3.1	3.6
Hawaii	23	16	25	3.6	2.4	4.0
Idaho	39	29	54	4.7	3.4	6.2
Illinois	203	188	227	3.4	3.0	3.8
Indiana	125	110	136	3.9	3.3	4.2
Iowa	63	54	60	4.0	3.3	3.8
Kansas	60	44	60	4.2	3.0	4.1
Kentucky	91	69	85	4.5	3.4	4.2
Louisiana	88	70	81	4.5	3.5	4.1
Maine	25	22	25	3.9	3.3	3.8
Maryland	115	94	98	4.3	3.3	3.5
Massachusetts	101	94	101	2.8	2.5	2.8
Michigan	157	157	151	3.6	3.5	3.4
Minnesota	97	93	113	3.3	3.1	3.8
Mississippi	50	39	41	4.3	3.2	3.4
Missouri	98	87	102	3.3	2.9	3.5
Montana	25	23	29	4.8	4.3	5.6
Nebraska	53	31	39	5.1	2.9	3.7
Nevada	64	57	69	4.1	3.6	4.4
New Hampshire	27	20	23	3.9	2.8	3.3
New Jersey	175	149	163	4.1	3.4	3.8
New Mexico	35	28	33	4.0	3.1	3.7
New York	309	259	274	3.2	2.6	2.8
North Carolina	185	152	164	3.8	3.0	3.3
North Dakota	18	17	19	4.2	3.8	4.2
Ohio	176	187	192	3.2	3.3	3.5
Oklahoma	77	59	69	4.4	3.3	3.9
Oregon	82	62	79	4.2	3.1	4.0
Pennsylvania	196	138	176	3.3	2.2	2.9
Rhode Island	21	32	22	4.2	6.2	4.4
South Carolina	116	95	101	5.0	4.0	4.3
South Dakota	20	18	18	4.5	3.8	3.9
Tennessee	135	104	181	4.1	3.1	5.4
Texas	511	503	485	3.7	3.5	3.4
Utah	77	59	76	4.4	3.3	4.4
Vermont	11	9	13	3.5	2.9	4.1
Virginia	158	130	144	3.8	3.0	3.4
Washington	128	98	113	3.6	2.7	3.1
West Virginia	33	25	34	4.7	3.5	4.9
Wisconsin	127	81	121	4.3	2.7	4.1
Wyoming	13	11	13	4.4	3.9	4.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Jan. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)	Jan. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,256	2,608	3,170	2.1	1.6	2.0
Alabama	54	40	46	2.5	1.8	2.1
Alaska	8	8	7	2.5	2.4	2.1
Arizona	76	47	75	2.3	1.4	2.3
Arkansas	33	25	30	2.4	1.8	2.2
California	306	307	291	1.7	1.7	1.6
Colorado	79	43	79	2.7	1.4	2.7
Connecticut	30	19	34	1.8	1.1	2.0
Delaware	16	11	11	3.4	2.2	2.3
District of Columbia	16	11	13	2.1	1.5	1.7
Florida	250	169	233	2.5	1.7	2.3
Georgia	124	86	93	2.5	1.7	1.9
Hawaii	13	9	15	2.1	1.4	2.3
Idaho	23	16	27	2.7	1.8	3.1
Illinois	115	79	128	1.9	1.3	2.1
Indiana	67	56	77	2.1	1.7	2.4
Iowa	31	29	33	2.0	1.8	2.1
Kansas	28	22	33	1.9	1.5	2.3
Kentucky	58	35	43	2.9	1.7	2.1
Louisiana	51	40	49	2.6	2.0	2.5
Maine	13	10	13	2.1	1.5	2.0
Maryland	65	45	56	2.4	1.6	2.0
Massachusetts	54	37	57	1.5	1.0	1.6
Michigan	74	74	75	1.7	1.6	1.7
Minnesota	48	52	58	1.6	1.7	1.9
Mississippi	32	23	25	2.8	1.9	2.1
Missouri	54	51	59	1.8	1.7	2.0
Montana	15	12	16	2.9	2.2	3.1
Nebraska	25	15	20	2.4	1.4	1.9
Nevada	37	33	36	2.4	2.0	2.3
New Hampshire	14	8	11	2.0	1.1	1.6
New Jersey	64	50	58	1.5	1.1	1.3
New Mexico	21	15	18	2.4	1.7	2.1
New York	150	132	156	1.6	1.3	1.6
North Carolina	87	84	95	1.8	1.7	1.9
North Dakota	8	8	9	1.9	1.7	2.1
Ohio	100	91	107	1.8	1.6	1.9
Oklahoma	45	36	44	2.6	2.0	2.5
Oregon	48	36	44	2.5	1.8	2.2
Pennsylvania	122	69	116	2.0	1.1	1.9
Rhode Island	11	8	12	2.1	1.6	2.3
South Carolina	72	59	63	3.1	2.5	2.7
South Dakota	10	9	9	2.3	1.9	1.9
Tennessee	83	56	114	2.6	1.6	3.4
Texas	347	311	306	2.5	2.2	2.2
Utah	49	34	45	2.9	1.9	2.6
Vermont	5	4	7	1.8	1.2	2.2
Virginia	96	75	75	2.3	1.8	1.8
Washington	80	56	61	2.2	1.5	1.7
West Virginia	21	15	22	2.9	2.0	3.2
Wisconsin	64	43	59	2.2	1.4	2.0
Wyoming	8	6	7	2.7	2.2	2.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Jan. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)	Jan. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	2,100	1,910	2,029	1.4	1.2	1.3
Alabama	21	22	24	1.0	1.0	1.1
Alaska	4	6	4	1.3	1.8	1.3
Arizona	44	28	49	1.4	0.8	1.5
Arkansas	15	17	17	1.1	1.2	1.2
California	232	177	227	1.3	1.0	1.3
Colorado	33	27	32	1.1	0.9	1.1
Connecticut	26	20	22	1.5	1.1	1.3
Delaware	12	7	7	2.5	1.5	1.5
District of Columbia	7	7	8	0.9	0.9	1.1
Florida	148	116	107	1.5	1.1	1.1
Georgia	54	62	70	1.1	1.2	1.4
Hawaii	7	5	9	1.2	0.8	1.3
Idaho	14	11	16	1.6	1.3	1.8
Illinois	71	102	89	1.2	1.6	1.5
Indiana	42	46	53	1.3	1.4	1.7
Iowa	21	21	24	1.4	1.3	1.5
Kansas	20	19	23	1.4	1.3	1.6
Kentucky	25	29	37	1.3	1.4	1.9
Louisiana	28	25	27	1.4	1.3	1.4
Maine	10	9	8	1.6	1.4	1.2
Maryland	37	44	36	1.4	1.6	1.3
Massachusetts	39	47	32	1.1	1.3	0.9
Michigan	62	75	71	1.4	1.7	1.6
Minnesota	34	33	49	1.1	1.1	1.6
Mississippi	14	13	13	1.2	1.1	1.1
Missouri	32	29	34	1.1	1.0	1.2
Montana	8	9	10	1.5	1.7	1.9
Nebraska	18	14	17	1.7	1.3	1.6
Nevada	23	20	25	1.5	1.3	1.6
New Hampshire	11	9	8	1.6	1.3	1.1
New Jersey	96	87	96	2.2	2.0	2.2
New Mexico	12	11	10	1.3	1.2	1.1
New York	139	102	107	1.4	1.0	1.1
North Carolina	87	60	58	1.8	1.2	1.2
North Dakota	7	9	8	1.6	1.9	1.9
Ohio	57	83	74	1.0	1.5	1.3
Oklahoma	26	19	20	1.5	1.1	1.1
Oregon	27	21	25	1.4	1.0	1.3
Pennsylvania	66	59	48	1.1	0.9	0.8
Rhode Island	9	22	8	1.8	4.3	1.5
South Carolina	37	32	30	1.6	1.3	1.3
South Dakota	6	8	8	1.4	1.7	1.7
Tennessee	41	43	55	1.3	1.3	1.6
Texas	140	156	145	1.0	1.1	1.0
Utah	22	20	24	1.3	1.1	1.4
Vermont	5	4	4	1.5	1.3	1.2
Virginia	45	45	54	1.1	1.1	1.3
Washington	40	36	40	1.1	1.0	1.1
West Virginia	9	9	10	1.3	1.3	1.4
Wisconsin	45	30	55	1.5	1.0	1.9
Wyoming	4	4	4	1.4	1.4	1.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary