Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, April 29, 2025     USDL-25-0655
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                            JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – MARCH 2025

The number of job openings was little changed at 7.2 million in March, the U.S. Bureau of Labor 
Statistics reported today. Over the month, hires held at 5.4 million, and total separations changed little at 
5.1 million. Within separations, quits (3.3 million) were unchanged and layoffs and discharges
(1.6 million) edged down. 

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the 
total nonfarm sector, by industry, and by establishment size class. Job openings include all positions that 
are open on the last business day of the month. Hires and separations include all changes to the payroll 
during the entire month. 
       
Job Openings

The number of job openings was little changed at 7.2 million in March but was down by 901,000 over 
the year. The job openings rate, at 4.3 percent, changed little over the month. The number of job 
openings decreased in federal government (-36,000). (See table 1.)

Hires

In March, the number and rate of hires were unchanged at 5.4 million and 3.4 percent, respectively. The 
number of hires was little changed in all industries in March. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations include quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 
voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 
workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 
by the employer. Other separations include separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 
to other locations of the same firm.

The number and rate of total separations in March were little changed at 5.1 million and 3.2 percent, 
respectively. Total separations increased in state and local government, excluding education (+28,000) 
but decreased in federal government (-8,000). (See table 3.)

In March, the number of quits was unchanged at 3.3 million. The quits rate was little changed at 2.1 
percent. Quits decreased in transportation, warehousing, and utilities (-49,000). (See table 4.)

In March, the number of layoffs and discharges edged down to 1.6 million and the rate was little 
changed at 1.0 percent. Layoffs and discharges decreased in retail trade (-66,000) and in federal 
government (-11,000). Layoffs and discharges increased in state and local government, excluding 
education (+17,000). (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed at 247,000 in March. (See table 6.)

Establishment Size Class

In March, establishments with 1 to 9 employees and establishments with 5,000 or more employees 
showed little or no change in job openings, hires, and separations rates. (See table 7.)

February 2025 Revisions

The number of job openings for February was revised down by 88,000 to 7.5 million, the number of 
hires was revised down by 26,000 to 5.4 million, and the number of total separations was revised up by 
55,000 to 5.3 million. Within separations, the number of quits was revised up by 55,000 to 3.3 million, 
and the number of layoffs and discharges was revised down by 10,000 to 1.8 million. (Monthly revisions 
result from additional reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published 
estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.)
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for April 2025 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, June 3, 2025, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).
     

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category	Job openings			Hires			Total separations
	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)
LEVELS BY INDUSTRY (in thousands)
Total	8,093	7,480	7,192	5,472	5,370	5,411	5,268	5,316	5,137
Total private	7,101	6,588	6,359	5,091	5,020	5,050	4,950	4,966	4,792
Mining and logging	33	20	13	19	23	18	21	19	22
Construction	338	286	248	337	347	302	345	348	313
Manufacturing	513	445	449	315	318	319	338	323	310
Durable goods	326	313	313	176	192	183	192	194	182
Nondurable goods	188	131	136	139	127	136	146	129	128
Trade, transportation, and utilities	994	1,036	974	1,012	1,078	1,065	984	1,089	1,022
Wholesale trade	184	163	173	132	169	156	120	144	155
Retail trade	493	528	515	640	601	612	632	645	602
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	316	345	286	241	308	297	232	301	264
Information	144	131	124	80	79	83	76	85	76
Financial activities	461	431	417	192	217	245	182	190	219
Finance and insurance	298	271	296	114	147	171	111	124	151
Real estate and rental and leasing	163	160	121	78	70	75	71	66	68
Professional and business services	1,272	1,336	1,315	1,099	1,056	1,013	1,097	1,023	970
Private education and health services	1,870	1,570	1,509	834	799	835	760	736	747
Private educational services	177	165	140	95	90	95	91	82	87
Health care and social assistance	1,693	1,405	1,368	739	709	740	670	654	660
Leisure and hospitality	1,177	1,030	985	1,019	888	936	998	939	898
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	164	130	127	198	177	175	184	175	170
Accommodation and food services	1,012	900	858	821	711	761	813	765	728
Other services	299	304	324	182	215	234	149	214	214
Government	992	892	833	381	350	361	318	350	345
Federal	162	134	98	47	30	29	33	41	33
State and local	830	759	735	334	320	333	285	309	312
State and local education	325	279	296	157	166	170	148	176	151
State and local, excluding education	505	480	440	177	154	163	137	133	161
RATES BY INDUSTRY (percent)
Total	4.9	4.5	4.3	3.5	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.3	3.2
Total private	5.0	4.6	4.5	3.8	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.5
Mining and logging	4.9	3.1	2.1	3.1	3.6	2.9	3.2	3.0	3.6
Construction	4.0	3.3	2.9	4.1	4.2	3.6	4.2	4.2	3.8
Manufacturing	3.8	3.4	3.4	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.6	2.5	2.4
Durable goods	3.9	3.8	3.8	2.2	2.4	2.3	2.4	2.5	2.3
Nondurable goods	3.7	2.6	2.7	2.9	2.6	2.8	3.0	2.6	2.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities	3.3	3.4	3.2	3.5	3.7	3.7	3.4	3.7	3.5
Wholesale trade	2.9	2.6	2.7	2.2	2.7	2.5	2.0	2.3	2.5
Retail trade	3.1	3.3	3.2	4.1	3.9	3.9	4.1	4.1	3.9
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	4.2	4.5	3.7	3.3	4.2	4.0	3.2	4.1	3.6
Information	4.6	4.2	4.0	2.7	2.7	2.8	2.6	2.9	2.6
Financial activities	4.8	4.5	4.3	2.1	2.3	2.7	2.0	2.1	2.4
Finance and insurance	4.3	3.9	4.2	1.7	2.2	2.5	1.7	1.8	2.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	6.2	6.0	4.6	3.1	2.8	3.0	2.9	2.7	2.7
Professional and business services	5.3	5.6	5.5	4.9	4.7	4.5	4.8	4.5	4.3
Private education and health services	6.7	5.5	5.3	3.2	3.0	3.1	2.9	2.7	2.8
Private educational services	4.3	4.0	3.4	2.4	2.2	2.4	2.3	2.1	2.2
Health care and social assistance	7.1	5.7	5.6	3.3	3.1	3.2	3.0	2.8	2.9
Leisure and hospitality	6.6	5.7	5.5	6.1	5.2	5.5	5.9	5.5	5.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	5.9	4.6	4.5	7.6	6.6	6.5	7.1	6.5	6.3
Accommodation and food services	6.7	5.9	5.7	5.8	5.0	5.3	5.7	5.4	5.1
Other services	4.8	4.8	5.1	3.1	3.6	3.9	2.5	3.6	3.6
Government	4.1	3.6	3.4	1.6	1.5	1.5	1.4	1.5	1.5
Federal	5.1	4.3	3.2	1.6	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.4	1.1
State and local	3.9	3.6	3.4	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.4	1.5	1.5
State and local education	2.9	2.5	2.7	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.4	1.6	1.4
State and local, excluding education	5.0	4.7	4.3	1.9	1.6	1.7	1.4	1.4	1.6
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other 
separations, and total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian 
federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Starting with data for 
January 2023, industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 
leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month.

A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions:
* A specific position exists, and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or 
part-time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal.
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that 
time.
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active 
recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in 
newspapers, on television, or on the radio; posting internet notices, posting “help wanted” signs, 
networking or making “word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; 
contacting employment agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or 
similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future; positions for which employees 
have been hired but have not yet reported for work; and positions to be filled by employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed by 
dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings—that is, all filled and unfilled 
jobs—and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily, with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer, including layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability, and deaths.
Excluded from separations measures are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; and employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is 
computed by dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, 
layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are computed similarly.

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business and 
government establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size 
class.

The sampling frame is made up of establishments from two sources: the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) 
Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages program (QCEW) and the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). 
The QCEW database contains establishments that cover approximately 95 percent of nonfarm payroll jobs in the 
United States. This database is a compilation of administrative data from state unemployment insurance (UI) 
programs and federal government establishments covered by the Unemployment Compensation for Federal 
Employees (UCFE) program. A frame of railroad establishments is provided by the FRA. This is added to the 
QCEW database to complete the JOLTS sampling frame. 

The JOLTS estimation method involves the following processes: unit nonresponse adjustment, item 
nonresponse adjustment, monthly benchmarking and estimation, automatic outlier detection, birth and death model 
estimation, estimates review and outlier selection, alignment, seasonal adjustment, and variance estimates. 
Establishment size class levels are also produced. Detailed information about the estimation method can be found in 
the Handbook of Methods at https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/jlt/home.htm.

Monthly benchmarking is the process through which the JOLTS weighted employment for each estimation cell 
is adjusted. JOLTS estimation cells are benchmarked monthly to the current employment level from the BLS 
Current Employment Statistics (CES) program. The sampled weight is benchmarked to ensure that JOLTS weighted 
employment is equal to CES employment.

Birth/death model. The time lag from the start up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance on the 
sampling frame is approximately one year. In addition, many new establishments fail within the first year, referred 
to as a death. Because new and short-lived universe establishments cannot be reflected in the sampling frame 
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from these establishments 
during their early existence. BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses establishment birth and death activity 
from previous years as collected by the QCEW and projects forward to the present using over-the-year change in the 
CES. The birth/death model also uses historical JOLTS data to calculate the amount of churn (meaning the rates of 
hires and separations) that exists in establishments of various sizes. The model then combines the calculated churn 
with the projected employment change to estimate the number of hires and separations that take place in these 
establishments that cannot be measured through sampling. The estimates of job openings, hires, and separations 
produced by the birth/death model are added to the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the 
estimates for job openings, hires, and separations.

Alignment. The JOLTS figure for hires minus separations can be used to derive a measure of net employment 
change. This change should be comparable to the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. 
However, definitional differences between the two surveys, as well as sampling and nonsampling errors, historically 
caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the divergence and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires 
and separations series, BLS implemented the monthly alignment method. There are four steps to this method: 
seasonally adjust, align, back out the seasonal adjustment factors, and seasonally adjust again.

Seasonal adjustment. After alignment, the seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) is used to 
seasonally adjust the JOLTS series. Each month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology uses all relevant 
data, up to and including the current month, to calculate new seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are used 
as seasonal filters in seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative 
models, as well as regression with autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to improve the seasonal 
adjustment factors at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. 

Annual estimates and benchmarking. The JOLTS estimates are revised annually with the issuance of data for 
January. Five years of data are subject to revision. The revised estimates incorporate: 1) benchmarks based on CES 
employment estimates newly benchmarked to QCEW, 2) revised seasonal adjustment factors, and 3) any needed 
special adjustments.

The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are 
applied to all JOLTS data elements.

The seasonally adjusted estimates are recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect updated seasonal 
adjustment factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally 
adjusted JOLTS data series for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels.

Annual average levels for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published monthly levels 
by 12. 

Annual average rates for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are 
calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published levels for each data element by the sum of the 12 
monthly CES published employment levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Annual average rates for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published 
levels by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment levels plus the sum of the 12 monthly job openings 
levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of error: sampling error and nonsampling error.

Sampling error can result when a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a chance that 
the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling 
error, varies with the sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent chance 
that the true population mean will fall into the interval created by the sample mean plus or minus 1.65 standard 
errors. Estimates of median standard errors are released monthly as part of the significant change tables on the 
JOLTS webpage. Standard errors are updated annually with the most recent 5 years of data. Sampling error 
estimates are available at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the 
inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from 
the employment benchmark data used in estimation. The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures to reduce 
nonsampling error in the survey’s design.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications 
relay services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Mar. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Change from: Feb. 2025 - Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Change from: Feb. 2025 - Mar. 2025(p)
Total	8,093	7,508	7,762	7,480	7,192	-288	4.9	4.5	4.7	4.5	4.3	-0.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	7,101	6,634	6,860	6,588	6,359	-229	5.0	4.7	4.8	4.6	4.5	-0.1
Mining and logging	33	20	16	20	13	-7	4.9	3.1	2.6	3.1	2.1	-1.0
Construction	338	205	242	286	248	-38	4.0	2.4	2.8	3.3	2.9	-0.4
Manufacturing	513	431	513	445	449	4	3.8	3.3	3.9	3.4	3.4	0.0
Durable goods	326	291	369	313	313	0	3.9	3.5	4.5	3.8	3.8	0.0
Nondurable goods	188	140	144	131	136	5	3.7	2.8	2.9	2.6	2.7	0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	994	1,079	1,234	1,036	974	-62	3.3	3.6	4.1	3.4	3.2	-0.2
Wholesale trade	184	180	226	163	173	10	2.9	2.8	3.5	2.6	2.7	0.1
Retail trade	493	519	656	528	515	-13	3.1	3.2	4.0	3.3	3.2	-0.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	316	380	352	345	286	-59	4.2	5.0	4.6	4.5	3.7	-0.8
Information	144	106	130	131	124	-7	4.6	3.5	4.2	4.2	4.0	-0.2
Financial activities	461	406	516	431	417	-14	4.8	4.2	5.3	4.5	4.3	-0.2
Finance and insurance	298	282	350	271	296	25	4.3	4.0	4.9	3.9	4.2	0.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	163	124	166	160	121	-39	6.2	4.8	6.3	6.0	4.6	-1.4
Professional and business services	1,272	1,364	1,211	1,336	1,315	-21	5.3	5.7	5.1	5.6	5.5	-0.1
Private education and health services	1,870	1,585	1,650	1,570	1,509	-61	6.7	5.6	5.8	5.5	5.3	-0.2
Private educational services	177	164	152	165	140	-25	4.3	4.0	3.7	4.0	3.4	-0.6
Health care and social assistance	1,693	1,421	1,498	1,405	1,368	-37	7.1	5.8	6.1	5.7	5.6	-0.1
Leisure and hospitality	1,177	1,147	1,057	1,030	985	-45	6.6	6.3	5.9	5.7	5.5	-0.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	164	184	156	130	127	-3	5.9	6.5	5.5	4.6	4.5	-0.1
Accommodation and food services	1,012	963	901	900	858	-42	6.7	6.3	5.9	5.9	5.7	-0.2
Other services	299	290	291	304	324	20	4.8	4.6	4.6	4.8	5.1	0.3
Government	992	874	902	892	833	-59	4.1	3.6	3.7	3.6	3.4	-0.2
Federal	162	138	132	134	98	-36	5.1	4.4	4.2	4.3	3.2	-1.1
State and local	830	736	770	759	735	-24	3.9	3.5	3.6	3.6	3.4	-0.2
State and local education	325	270	282	279	296	17	2.9	2.4	2.5	2.5	2.7	0.2
State and local, excluding education	505	466	489	480	440	-40	5.0	4.6	4.8	4.7	4.3	-0.4
REGION(3)
Northeast	1,477	1,318	1,366	1,401	1,221	-180	5.0	4.5	4.6	4.7	4.1	-0.6
South	3,164	2,968	3,060	2,839	2,770	-69	5.1	4.7	4.9	4.5	4.4	-0.1
Midwest	1,786	1,636	1,665	1,642	1,678	36	5.1	4.6	4.7	4.6	4.7	0.1
West	1,666	1,586	1,670	1,599	1,523	-76	4.3	4.1	4.3	4.1	3.9	-0.2
Footnotes (1) The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Mar. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Change from: Feb. 2025 - Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Change from: Feb. 2025 - Mar. 2025(p)
Total	5,472	5,374	5,371	5,370	5,411	41	3.5	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4	0.0
INDUSTRY
Total private	5,091	4,998	5,000	5,020	5,050	30	3.8	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.7	0.0
Mining and logging	19	21	17	23	18	-5	3.1	3.4	2.7	3.6	2.9	-0.7
Construction	337	327	346	347	302	-45	4.1	4.0	4.2	4.2	3.6	-0.6
Manufacturing	315	300	332	318	319	1	2.5	2.4	2.6	2.5	2.5	0.0
Durable goods	176	155	194	192	183	-9	2.2	2.0	2.5	2.4	2.3	-0.1
Nondurable goods	139	145	138	127	136	9	2.9	3.0	2.8	2.6	2.8	0.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,012	1,066	1,092	1,078	1,065	-13	3.5	3.7	3.8	3.7	3.7	0.0
Wholesale trade	132	136	156	169	156	-13	2.2	2.2	2.5	2.7	2.5	-0.2
Retail trade	640	608	637	601	612	11	4.1	3.9	4.1	3.9	3.9	0.0
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	241	322	298	308	297	-11	3.3	4.4	4.1	4.2	4.0	-0.2
Information	80	78	80	79	83	4	2.7	2.6	2.7	2.7	2.8	0.1
Financial activities	192	217	201	217	245	28	2.1	2.4	2.2	2.3	2.7	0.4
Finance and insurance	114	143	133	147	171	24	1.7	2.1	2.0	2.2	2.5	0.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	78	73	68	70	75	5	3.1	3.0	2.7	2.8	3.0	0.2
Professional and business services	1,099	935	962	1,056	1,013	-43	4.9	4.1	4.3	4.7	4.5	-0.2
Private education and health services	834	858	833	799	835	36	3.2	3.2	3.1	3.0	3.1	0.1
Private educational services	95	99	90	90	95	5	2.4	2.5	2.2	2.2	2.4	0.2
Health care and social assistance	739	759	743	709	740	31	3.3	3.3	3.2	3.1	3.2	0.1
Leisure and hospitality	1,019	959	901	888	936	48	6.1	5.6	5.3	5.2	5.5	0.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	198	144	159	177	175	-2	7.6	5.4	5.9	6.6	6.5	-0.1
Accommodation and food services	821	815	742	711	761	50	5.8	5.7	5.2	5.0	5.3	0.3
Other services	182	237	238	215	234	19	3.1	3.9	4.0	3.6	3.9	0.3
Government	381	375	371	350	361	11	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.5	0.0
Federal	47	31	34	30	29	-1	1.6	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.0
State and local	334	344	337	320	333	13	1.6	1.7	1.6	1.6	1.6	0.0
State and local education	157	181	176	166	170	4	1.5	1.7	1.6	1.5	1.6	0.1
State and local, excluding education	177	164	161	154	163	9	1.9	1.7	1.7	1.6	1.7	0.1
REGION(3)
Northeast	861	800	830	848	850	2	3.1	2.8	2.9	3.0	3.0	0.0
South	2,249	2,099	2,224	2,196	2,113	-83	3.8	3.5	3.7	3.7	3.5	-0.2
Midwest	1,122	1,154	1,137	1,138	1,234	96	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.7	0.3
West	1,240	1,321	1,180	1,187	1,214	27	3.4	3.5	3.2	3.2	3.3	0.1
Footnotes (1) The hires level is the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Mar. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Change from: Feb. 2025 - Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Change from: Feb. 2025 - Mar. 2025(p)
Total	5,268	5,082	5,272	5,316	5,137	-179	3.3	3.2	3.3	3.3	3.2	-0.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,950	4,731	4,959	4,966	4,792	-174	3.7	3.5	3.7	3.7	3.5	-0.2
Mining and logging	21	23	20	19	22	3	3.2	3.7	3.2	3.0	3.6	0.6
Construction	345	268	333	348	313	-35	4.2	3.2	4.0	4.2	3.8	-0.4
Manufacturing	338	315	337	323	310	-13	2.6	2.5	2.6	2.5	2.4	-0.1
Durable goods	192	175	202	194	182	-12	2.4	2.2	2.6	2.5	2.3	-0.2
Nondurable goods	146	141	135	129	128	-1	3.0	2.9	2.8	2.6	2.6	0.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	984	1,047	1,084	1,089	1,022	-67	3.4	3.6	3.7	3.7	3.5	-0.2
Wholesale trade	120	131	165	144	155	11	2.0	2.1	2.7	2.3	2.5	0.2
Retail trade	632	595	597	645	602	-43	4.1	3.8	3.8	4.1	3.9	-0.2
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	232	321	322	301	264	-37	3.2	4.4	4.4	4.1	3.6	-0.5
Information	76	67	81	85	76	-9	2.6	2.3	2.7	2.9	2.6	-0.3
Financial activities	182	195	181	190	219	29	2.0	2.1	2.0	2.1	2.4	0.3
Finance and insurance	111	130	125	124	151	27	1.7	1.9	1.9	1.8	2.2	0.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	71	66	56	66	68	2	2.9	2.6	2.3	2.7	2.7	0.0
Professional and business services	1,097	919	1,038	1,023	970	-53	4.8	4.1	4.6	4.5	4.3	-0.2
Private education and health services	760	761	747	736	747	11	2.9	2.8	2.8	2.7	2.8	0.1
Private educational services	91	89	83	82	87	5	2.3	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.2	0.1
Health care and social assistance	670	671	664	654	660	6	3.0	2.9	2.9	2.8	2.9	0.1
Leisure and hospitality	998	903	892	939	898	-41	5.9	5.3	5.3	5.5	5.3	-0.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	184	144	147	175	170	-5	7.1	5.4	5.5	6.5	6.3	-0.2
Accommodation and food services	813	759	745	765	728	-37	5.7	5.3	5.2	5.4	5.1	-0.3
Other services	149	232	247	214	214	0	2.5	3.9	4.1	3.6	3.6	0.0
Government	318	351	313	350	345	-5	1.4	1.5	1.3	1.5	1.5	0.0
Federal	33	28	29	41	33	-8	1.1	0.9	1.0	1.4	1.1	-0.3
State and local	285	324	284	309	312	3	1.4	1.6	1.4	1.5	1.5	0.0
State and local education	148	176	140	176	151	-25	1.4	1.6	1.3	1.6	1.4	-0.2
State and local, excluding education	137	148	144	133	161	28	1.4	1.5	1.5	1.4	1.6	0.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	859	756	808	859	771	-88	3.1	2.7	2.9	3.0	2.7	-0.3
South	2,058	2,117	2,046	2,158	1,989	-169	3.5	3.5	3.4	3.6	3.3	-0.3
Midwest	1,162	1,080	1,171	1,109	1,159	50	3.5	3.2	3.5	3.3	3.4	0.1
West	1,189	1,130	1,247	1,191	1,217	26	3.2	3.0	3.3	3.2	3.3	0.1
Footnotes (1) The total separations level is the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Mar. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Change from: Feb. 2025 - Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Change from: Feb. 2025 - Mar. 2025(p)
Total	3,329	3,095	3,256	3,250	3,332	82	2.1	1.9	2.0	2.0	2.1	0.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	3,158	2,899	3,078	3,054	3,145	91	2.4	2.1	2.3	2.3	2.3	0.0
Mining and logging	11	9	14	11	15	4	1.7	1.5	2.2	1.8	2.4	0.6
Construction	147	113	164	180	163	-17	1.8	1.4	2.0	2.2	2.0	-0.2
Manufacturing	189	182	185	179	183	4	1.5	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4	0.0
Durable goods	102	105	110	108	110	2	1.3	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.4	0.0
Nondurable goods	87	77	75	71	74	3	1.8	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.5	0.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	648	617	669	674	659	-15	2.2	2.1	2.3	2.3	2.3	0.0
Wholesale trade	79	83	105	87	104	17	1.3	1.3	1.7	1.4	1.7	0.3
Retail trade	434	380	395	404	421	17	2.8	2.4	2.5	2.6	2.7	0.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	135	153	169	183	134	-49	1.9	2.1	2.3	2.5	1.8	-0.7
Information	41	35	43	30	33	3	1.4	1.2	1.5	1.0	1.1	0.1
Financial activities	115	115	123	116	140	24	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.5	0.2
Finance and insurance	86	76	73	76	101	25	1.3	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.5	0.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	29	39	50	39	39	0	1.2	1.6	2.0	1.6	1.6	0.0
Professional and business services	686	535	589	576	565	-11	3.0	2.4	2.6	2.6	2.5	-0.1
Private education and health services	550	512	509	489	534	45	2.1	1.9	1.9	1.8	2.0	0.2
Private educational services	52	55	52	51	53	2	1.3	1.4	1.3	1.3	1.3	0.0
Health care and social assistance	498	457	457	438	481	43	2.2	2.0	2.0	1.9	2.1	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	685	603	607	641	696	55	4.1	3.6	3.6	3.8	4.1	0.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	75	60	71	77	72	-5	2.9	2.3	2.7	2.9	2.7	-0.2
Accommodation and food services	610	543	536	564	624	60	4.3	3.8	3.7	4.0	4.4	0.4
Other services	87	176	175	157	156	-1	1.5	2.9	2.9	2.6	2.6	0.0
Government	171	197	178	197	187	-10	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.0
Federal	15	12	13	12	14	2	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.1
State and local	156	185	165	185	173	-12	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.8	-0.1
State and local education	76	99	81	107	93	-14	0.7	0.9	0.7	1.0	0.9	-0.1
State and local, excluding education	80	86	84	77	80	3	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.0
REGION(3)
Northeast	505	424	472	473	472	-1	1.8	1.5	1.7	1.7	1.7	0.0
South	1,396	1,339	1,340	1,372	1,341	-31	2.4	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.2	-0.1
Midwest	707	623	702	711	777	66	2.1	1.9	2.1	2.1	2.3	0.2
West	721	709	741	695	741	46	2.0	1.9	2.0	1.9	2.0	0.1
Footnotes (1) The quits level is the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Mar. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Change from: Feb. 2025 - Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Change from: Feb. 2025 - Mar. 2025(p)
Total	1,614	1,669	1,674	1,780	1,558	-222	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.0	-0.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,528	1,573	1,596	1,680	1,451	-229	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.1	-0.1
Mining and logging	8	12	4	6	7	1	1.2	1.9	0.6	0.9	1.1	0.2
Construction	178	138	149	149	144	-5	2.2	1.7	1.8	1.8	1.7	-0.1
Manufacturing	125	112	132	121	106	-15	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.8	-0.1
Durable goods	75	58	80	72	58	-14	0.9	0.7	1.0	0.9	0.7	-0.2
Nondurable goods	50	55	52	49	48	-1	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	272	387	361	379	323	-56	0.9	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.1	-0.2
Wholesale trade	37	37	48	47	46	-1	0.6	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.7	-0.1
Retail trade	157	192	171	229	163	-66	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.5	1.0	-0.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	78	157	143	103	115	12	1.1	2.2	1.9	1.4	1.6	0.2
Information	33	26	30	47	34	-13	1.1	0.9	1.0	1.6	1.1	-0.5
Financial activities	53	57	35	54	55	1	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.6	0.6	0.0
Finance and insurance	20	34	32	31	33	2	0.3	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.0
Real estate and rental and leasing	33	24	4	23	22	-1	1.3	1.0	0.2	0.9	0.9	0.0
Professional and business services	346	331	379	412	380	-32	1.5	1.5	1.7	1.8	1.7	-0.1
Private education and health services	175	193	189	192	159	-33	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.6	-0.1
Private educational services	33	27	26	28	29	1	0.8	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.0
Health care and social assistance	142	165	163	164	130	-34	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.6	-0.1
Leisure and hospitality	288	265	246	266	187	-79	1.7	1.6	1.4	1.6	1.1	-0.5
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	108	79	71	94	92	-2	4.1	3.0	2.7	3.5	3.4	-0.1
Accommodation and food services	180	187	175	172	95	-77	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.2	0.7	-0.5
Other services	48	51	71	54	57	3	0.8	0.9	1.2	0.9	0.9	0.0
Government	86	96	78	100	107	7	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.1
Federal	6	5	4	19	8	-11	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.6	0.3	-0.3
State and local	80	90	73	81	99	18	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.1
State and local education	51	57	39	43	44	1	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.0
State and local, excluding education	29	34	34	38	55	17	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.6	0.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	299	275	280	338	246	-92	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.2	0.9	-0.3
South	539	659	595	671	562	-109	0.9	1.1	1.0	1.1	0.9	-0.2
Midwest	380	391	404	350	325	-25	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.0	1.0	0.0
West	395	343	394	421	426	5	1.1	0.9	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.0
Footnotes (1) The layoffs and discharges level is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Mar. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Change from: Feb. 2025 - Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Change from: Feb. 2025 - Mar. 2025(p)
Total	325	318	342	286	247	-39	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
INDUSTRY
Total private	264	260	285	232	196	-36	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Mining and logging	2	2	2	1	1	0	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Construction	20	17	19	18	6	-12	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Manufacturing	24	21	20	23	21	-2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Durable goods	15	12	13	15	14	-1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Nondurable goods	9	9	7	9	7	-2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	65	43	54	36	39	3	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0
Wholesale trade	4	10	13	9	5	-4	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0
Retail trade	41	23	31	12	19	7	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	20	11	10	15	15	0	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.0
Information	2	6	8	7	9	2	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.1
Financial activities	14	23	22	21	23	2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.1
Finance and insurance	4	20	20	16	17	1	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.1
Real estate and rental and leasing	9	3	3	4	6	2	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.1
Professional and business services	64	53	70	35	26	-9	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Private education and health services	35	56	49	55	54	-1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Private educational services	5	6	5	4	5	1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0
Health care and social assistance	30	49	44	51	49	-2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Leisure and hospitality	25	34	39	33	15	-18	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	2	5	5	4	6	2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1
Accommodation and food services	23	30	35	29	9	-20	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Other services	14	4	0	3	2	-1	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	-0.1
Government	61	58	57	53	51	-2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Federal	12	10	12	10	11	1	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.1
State and local	49	48	45	43	40	-3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
State and local education	21	20	19	25	15	-10	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
State and local, excluding education	28	28	26	18	25	7	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.1
REGION(3)
Northeast	54	56	55	47	53	6	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
South	123	119	111	115	87	-28	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Midwest	75	66	64	48	57	9	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1
West	72	77	112	75	50	-25	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Footnotes (1) The other separations level is the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 7. Job openings, hires, and separations levels and rates by establishment size class, seasonally adjusted

Establishment size class	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Mar. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Change from: Feb. 2025 - Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Dec. 2024	Jan. 2025	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Change from: Feb. 2025 - Mar. 2025(p)
JOB OPENINGS
Total private	7,101	6,634	6,860	6,588	6,359	-229	5.0	4.7	4.8	4.6	4.5	-0.1
1 to 9 employees	1,404	1,407	1,233	1,160	1,165	5	6.3	6.0	5.3	5.5	5.0	-0.5
10 to 49 employees	2,040	2,002	2,150	2,069	2,011	-58	4.7	4.5	5.1	4.9	4.7	-0.2
50 to 249 employees	1,964	1,825	2,005	1,867	1,697	-170	4.8	4.6	4.7	4.4	4.1	-0.3
250 to 999 employees	906	807	815	808	799	-9	4.4	4.0	4.0	3.9	3.8	-0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees	537	387	443	472	481	9	5.7	4.3	4.9	4.8	5.2	0.4
5,000 or more employees	250	206	213	212	205	-7	4.9	4.1	4.1	4.1	4.2	0.1
HIRES
Total private	5,091	4,998	5,000	5,020	5,050	30	3.8	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.7	0.0
1 to 9 employees	806	695	828	743	792	49	3.8	3.1	3.8	3.7	3.6	-0.1
10 to 49 employees	1,712	1,787	1,551	1,619	1,762	143	4.2	4.2	3.8	4.0	4.3	0.3
50 to 249 employees	1,510	1,525	1,611	1,618	1,460	-158	3.9	4.0	4.0	3.9	3.7	-0.2
250 to 999 employees	658	647	670	673	671	-2	3.4	3.3	3.5	3.4	3.4	0.0
1,000 to 4,999 employees	327	265	261	276	282	6	3.7	3.1	3.0	3.0	3.2	0.2
5,000 or more employees	77	79	80	90	81	-9	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.8	1.8	0.0
TOTAL SEPARATIONS
Total private	4,950	4,731	4,959	4,966	4,792	-174	3.7	3.5	3.7	3.7	3.5	-0.2
1 to 9 employees	722	569	744	687	704	17	3.4	2.6	3.4	3.4	3.2	-0.2
10 to 49 employees	1,681	1,603	1,574	1,581	1,678	97	4.1	3.8	3.9	3.9	4.1	0.2
50 to 249 employees	1,537	1,567	1,607	1,637	1,384	-253	4.0	4.1	4.0	4.0	3.5	-0.5
250 to 999 employees	629	638	662	690	681	-9	3.2	3.3	3.4	3.5	3.4	-0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees	309	278	293	290	272	-18	3.5	3.2	3.4	3.1	3.1	0.0
5,000 or more employees	72	76	79	81	73	-8	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	0.0
QUITS
Total private	3,158	2,899	3,078	3,054	3,145	91	2.4	2.1	2.3	2.3	2.3	0.0
1 to 9 employees	456	304	528	348	459	111	2.2	1.4	2.4	1.7	2.1	0.4
10 to 49 employees	1,138	1,021	954	1,059	1,151	92	2.8	2.4	2.4	2.6	2.8	0.2
50 to 249 employees	966	1,013	1,005	1,058	943	-115	2.5	2.7	2.5	2.6	2.4	-0.2
250 to 999 employees	387	377	394	390	396	6	2.0	1.9	2.0	2.0	2.0	0.0
1,000 to 4,999 employees	169	145	153	159	154	-5	1.9	1.7	1.8	1.7	1.8	0.1
5,000 or more employees	41	39	44	40	43	3	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.1
LAYOFFS AND DISCHARGES
Total private	1,528	1,573	1,596	1,680	1,451	-229	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.1	-0.1
1 to 9 employees	233	245	155	328	237	-91	1.1	1.1	0.7	1.6	1.1	-0.5
10 to 49 employees	475	483	533	444	456	12	1.2	1.1	1.3	1.1	1.1	0.0
50 to 249 employees	479	484	533	506	383	-123	1.2	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.0	-0.2
250 to 999 employees	212	228	238	268	258	-10	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.4	1.3	-0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees	110	107	110	103	95	-8	1.2	1.3	1.3	1.1	1.1	0.0
5,000 or more employees	19	26	26	30	22	-8	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.5	-0.1
OTHER SEPARATIONS
Total private	264	260	285	232	196	-36	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
1 to 9 employees	32	20	61	11	8	-3	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.0	-0.1
10 to 49 employees	68	99	86	78	72	-6	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
50 to 249 employees	92	70	69	73	58	-15	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
250 to 999 employees	29	34	29	32	27	-5	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees	30	26	29	28	23	-5	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.0
5,000 or more employees	12	11	10	10	8	-2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Establishment size class data are produced for the total private sector only. NOTE: The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. The levels for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month. The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. The rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month as percent of employment. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 8. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)
Total	7,986	7,326	7,010	4.9	4.4	4.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	6,995	6,453	6,182	5.0	4.6	4.4
Mining and logging	34	20	13	5.2	3.1	2.1
Construction	348	288	253	4.2	3.5	3.0
Manufacturing	520	441	456	3.9	3.4	3.5
Durable goods	332	313	317	4.0	3.8	3.9
Nondurable goods	188	127	139	3.8	2.6	2.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities	932	978	864	3.2	3.3	2.9
Wholesale trade	186	164	175	3.0	2.6	2.8
Retail trade	434	490	420	2.7	3.1	2.7
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	312	323	269	4.2	4.2	3.5
Information	147	136	127	4.8	4.4	4.2
Financial activities	434	409	392	4.6	4.3	4.1
Finance and insurance	282	251	281	4.1	3.6	4.0
Real estate and rental and leasing	152	158	111	5.9	6.0	4.3
Professional and business services	1,248	1,308	1,281	5.3	5.5	5.4
Private education and health services	1,808	1,532	1,437	6.4	5.3	5.0
Private educational services	171	169	133	4.0	3.9	3.1
Health care and social assistance	1,637	1,363	1,304	6.9	5.6	5.3
Leisure and hospitality	1,235	1,037	1,032	7.0	6.0	5.9
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	228	185	191	8.5	7.0	7.0
Accommodation and food services	1,008	852	841	6.7	5.8	5.6
Other services	287	306	328	4.6	4.9	5.2
Government	991	873	828	4.0	3.5	3.3
Federal	169	131	100	5.4	4.2	3.2
State and local	822	742	728	3.8	3.4	3.4
State and local education	300	261	277	2.6	2.3	2.4
State and local, excluding education	522	481	451	5.2	4.8	4.5
REGION(3)
Northeast	1,486	1,410	1,223	5.1	4.8	4.2
South	3,096	2,757	2,670	5.0	4.4	4.3
Midwest	1,781	1,582	1,665	5.1	4.5	4.7
West	1,622	1,576	1,452	4.2	4.1	3.8
Footnotes (1) The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 9. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)
Total	5,016	4,535	4,940	3.2	2.9	3.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,728	4,278	4,676	3.6	3.2	3.5
Mining and logging	21	20	19	3.3	3.2	3.1
Construction	368	312	321	4.6	3.9	4.0
Manufacturing	292	292	291	2.3	2.3	2.3
Durable goods	171	184	175	2.1	2.3	2.2
Nondurable goods	120	108	116	2.5	2.2	2.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	872	877	906	3.0	3.0	3.1
Wholesale trade	123	154	149	2.0	2.5	2.4
Retail trade	589	510	565	3.8	3.3	3.7
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	160	214	191	2.2	2.9	2.6
Information	72	71	76	2.5	2.4	2.6
Financial activities	152	183	204	1.7	2.0	2.2
Finance and insurance	89	126	141	1.3	1.9	2.1
Real estate and rental and leasing	63	57	63	2.6	2.3	2.6
Professional and business services	1,080	975	1,025	4.8	4.4	4.6
Private education and health services	727	678	715	2.8	2.5	2.6
Private educational services	60	65	58	1.5	1.6	1.4
Health care and social assistance	667	614	657	3.0	2.7	2.8
Leisure and hospitality	999	693	915	6.1	4.2	5.5
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	199	131	181	8.1	5.3	7.1
Accommodation and food services	800	563	735	5.7	4.0	5.2
Other services	145	177	204	2.5	3.0	3.4
Government	289	256	264	1.2	1.1	1.1
Federal	42	25	25	1.4	0.8	0.8
State and local	247	232	239	1.2	1.1	1.1
State and local education	92	115	96	0.8	1.0	0.8
State and local, excluding education	155	117	143	1.6	1.2	1.5
REGION(3)
Northeast	812	652	794	2.9	2.3	2.8
South	2,068	1,954	1,919	3.5	3.3	3.2
Midwest	1,035	917	1,140	3.1	2.7	3.4
West	1,101	1,013	1,087	3.0	2.7	2.9
Footnotes (1) The hires level is the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 10. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)
Total	4,657	4,397	4,545	3.0	2.8	2.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,424	4,167	4,290	3.3	3.1	3.2
Mining and logging	18	19	21	2.9	3.1	3.3
Construction	297	328	266	3.7	4.1	3.3
Manufacturing	344	284	310	2.7	2.2	2.4
Durable goods	202	174	191	2.5	2.2	2.4
Nondurable goods	142	109	119	2.9	2.3	2.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	843	909	873	2.9	3.1	3.0
Wholesale trade	117	137	154	1.9	2.2	2.5
Retail trade	530	535	508	3.5	3.5	3.3
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	196	237	211	2.7	3.2	2.9
Information	70	71	70	2.4	2.4	2.4
Financial activities	162	154	203	1.8	1.7	2.2
Finance and insurance	100	103	143	1.5	1.5	2.1
Real estate and rental and leasing	61	50	59	2.5	2.0	2.4
Professional and business services	1,023	943	909	4.6	4.2	4.1
Private education and health services	684	611	671	2.6	2.2	2.5
Private educational services	58	51	56	1.4	1.2	1.4
Health care and social assistance	625	560	614	2.8	2.4	2.7
Leisure and hospitality	846	688	761	5.2	4.2	4.6
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	111	90	119	4.6	3.7	4.7
Accommodation and food services	735	598	642	5.3	4.3	4.6
Other services	138	162	207	2.3	2.7	3.5
Government	233	230	255	1.0	1.0	1.1
Federal	28	34	29	0.9	1.1	1.0
State and local	206	196	225	1.0	0.9	1.1
State and local education	87	99	93	0.8	0.9	0.8
State and local, excluding education	119	98	132	1.3	1.0	1.4
REGION(3)
Northeast	707	658	624	2.5	2.3	2.2
South	1,917	1,871	1,854	3.2	3.1	3.1
Midwest	1,030	895	1,020	3.1	2.7	3.0
West	1,003	972	1,048	2.7	2.6	2.8
Footnotes (1) The total separations level is the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 11. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)
Total	3,017	2,627	3,054	1.9	1.7	1.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	2,878	2,486	2,905	2.2	1.9	2.2
Mining and logging	10	11	14	1.6	1.8	2.3
Construction	129	156	147	1.6	2.0	1.8
Manufacturing	192	155	186	1.5	1.2	1.5
Durable goods	107	94	115	1.3	1.2	1.5
Nondurable goods	85	61	72	1.8	1.3	1.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	586	557	602	2.0	1.9	2.1
Wholesale trade	80	82	108	1.3	1.3	1.7
Retail trade	374	322	370	2.4	2.1	2.4
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	131	154	125	1.8	2.1	1.7
Information	34	25	27	1.2	0.9	0.9
Financial activities	99	91	126	1.1	1.0	1.4
Finance and insurance	78	60	95	1.2	0.9	1.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	22	32	30	0.9	1.3	1.2
Professional and business services	647	483	540	2.9	2.2	2.4
Private education and health services	513	403	502	1.9	1.5	1.8
Private educational services	37	33	37	0.9	0.8	0.9
Health care and social assistance	476	370	464	2.1	1.6	2.0
Leisure and hospitality	580	483	602	3.5	3.0	3.6
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	52	52	49	2.1	2.1	1.9
Accommodation and food services	528	431	553	3.8	3.1	3.9
Other services	88	121	158	1.5	2.0	2.6
Government	138	141	149	0.6	0.6	0.6
Federal	13	10	12	0.4	0.3	0.4
State and local	125	131	137	0.6	0.6	0.7
State and local education	50	67	62	0.4	0.6	0.5
State and local, excluding education	75	64	75	0.8	0.7	0.8
REGION(3)
Northeast	446	361	425	1.6	1.3	1.5
South	1,314	1,143	1,272	2.2	1.9	2.1
Midwest	625	574	695	1.9	1.7	2.1
West	632	549	662	1.7	1.5	1.8
Footnotes (1) The quits level is the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 12. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)
Total	1,341	1,529	1,265	0.9	1.0	0.8
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,294	1,475	1,202	1.0	1.1	0.9
Mining and logging	7	7	6	1.1	1.1	1.0
Construction	145	154	112	1.8	1.9	1.4
Manufacturing	130	108	104	1.0	0.9	0.8
Durable goods	81	68	62	1.0	0.9	0.8
Nondurable goods	49	40	42	1.0	0.8	0.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	193	318	230	0.7	1.1	0.8
Wholesale trade	32	47	41	0.5	0.8	0.7
Retail trade	115	200	119	0.8	1.3	0.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	45	71	70	0.6	1.0	1.0
Information	34	37	34	1.2	1.3	1.2
Financial activities	51	46	54	0.6	0.5	0.6
Finance and insurance	19	29	34	0.3	0.4	0.5
Real estate and rental and leasing	32	17	21	1.3	0.7	0.8
Professional and business services	313	430	344	1.4	1.9	1.5
Private education and health services	144	161	124	0.5	0.6	0.5
Private educational services	18	16	16	0.4	0.4	0.4
Health care and social assistance	126	145	108	0.6	0.6	0.5
Leisure and hospitality	242	173	146	1.5	1.1	0.9
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	58	35	66	2.4	1.4	2.6
Accommodation and food services	184	138	80	1.3	1.0	0.6
Other services	35	39	48	0.6	0.7	0.8
Government	46	55	63	0.2	0.2	0.3
Federal	5	16	7	0.2	0.5	0.2
State and local	42	39	56	0.2	0.2	0.3
State and local education	26	20	24	0.2	0.2	0.2
State and local, excluding education	16	19	32	0.2	0.2	0.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	215	264	153	0.8	0.9	0.5
South	498	622	508	0.8	1.0	0.9
Midwest	332	288	270	1.0	0.9	0.8
West	295	355	334	0.8	1.0	0.9
Footnotes (1) The layoffs and discharges level is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 13. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)
Total	300	240	225	0.2	0.2	0.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	251	206	183	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mining and logging	2	1	1	0.3	0.2	0.1
Construction	23	17	7	0.3	0.2	0.1
Manufacturing	22	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Durable goods	14	12	14	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nondurable goods	8	8	6	0.2	0.2	0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	64	33	40	0.2	0.1	0.1
Wholesale trade	4	8	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Retail trade	41	13	19	0.3	0.1	0.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	20	13	16	0.3	0.2	0.2
Information	2	8	9	0.1	0.3	0.3
Financial activities	11	16	23	0.1	0.2	0.2
Finance and insurance	4	15	14	0.1	0.2	0.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	8	1	8	0.3	0.1	0.3
Professional and business services	63	30	25	0.3	0.1	0.1
Private education and health services	27	47	45	0.1	0.2	0.2
Private educational services	3	2	3	0.1	0.1	0.1
Health care and social assistance	24	45	42	0.1	0.2	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	24	31	14	0.1	0.2	0.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	1	2	5	0.1	0.1	0.2
Accommodation and food services	23	29	9	0.2	0.2	0.1
Other services	15	2	1	0.2	0.0	0.0
Government	49	34	42	0.2	0.1	0.2
Federal	10	8	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
State and local	39	26	32	0.2	0.1	0.2
State and local education	11	12	7	0.1	0.1	0.1
State and local, excluding education	28	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	46	33	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
South	106	106	74	0.2	0.2	0.1
Midwest	72	34	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
West	76	67	51	0.2	0.2	0.1
Footnotes (1) The other separations level is the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 14. Job openings, hires, and separations levels and rates by establishment size class, not seasonally adjusted

Establishment size class	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)	Mar. 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025(p)
JOB OPENINGS
Total private	6,995	6,453	6,182	5.0	4.6	4.4
1 to 9 employees	1,281	1,074	1,021	5.8	5.1	4.4
10 to 49 employees	2,000	2,017	1,959	4.7	4.8	4.6
50 to 249 employees	1,962	1,795	1,663	4.8	4.2	4.1
250 to 999 employees	927	817	816	4.6	4.0	3.9
1,000 to 4,999 employees	570	526	516	6.1	5.4	5.6
5,000 or more employees	254	223	206	5.0	4.3	4.3
HIRES
Total private	4,728	4,278	4,676	3.6	3.2	3.5
1 to 9 employees	731	589	730	3.5	3.0	3.3
10 to 49 employees	1,585	1,352	1,642	3.9	3.4	4.1
50 to 249 employees	1,457	1,434	1,373	3.8	3.5	3.5
250 to 999 employees	596	573	609	3.1	2.9	3.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees	292	247	253	3.3	2.7	2.9
5,000 or more employees	66	82	69	1.4	1.7	1.5
TOTAL SEPARATIONS
Total private	4,424	4,167	4,290	3.3	3.1	3.2
1 to 9 employees	635	515	632	3.0	2.6	2.9
10 to 49 employees	1,400	1,310	1,428	3.5	3.3	3.5
50 to 249 employees	1,419	1,436	1,250	3.7	3.5	3.2
250 to 999 employees	603	580	655	3.1	3.0	3.3
1,000 to 4,999 employees	300	261	258	3.4	2.8	3.0
5,000 or more employees	67	66	67	1.4	1.3	1.5
QUITS
Total private	2,878	2,486	2,905	2.2	1.9	2.2
1 to 9 employees	416	228	434	2.0	1.2	2.0
10 to 49 employees	966	857	1,012	2.4	2.1	2.5
50 to 249 employees	922	895	885	2.4	2.2	2.3
250 to 999 employees	362	331	375	1.9	1.7	1.9
1,000 to 4,999 employees	173	141	159	2.0	1.5	1.8
5,000 or more employees	39	34	41	0.8	0.7	0.9
LAYOFFS AND DISCHARGES
Total private	1,294	1,475	1,202	1.0	1.1	0.9
1 to 9 employees	190	278	192	0.9	1.4	0.9
10 to 49 employees	369	380	349	0.9	0.9	0.9
50 to 249 employees	413	477	312	1.1	1.2	0.8
250 to 999 employees	210	225	253	1.1	1.2	1.3
1,000 to 4,999 employees	98	90	78	1.1	1.0	0.9
5,000 or more employees	15	25	18	0.3	0.5	0.4
OTHER SEPARATIONS
Total private	251	206	183	0.2	0.2	0.1
1 to 9 employees	29	8	6	0.1	0.0	0.0
10 to 49 employees	65	73	67	0.2	0.2	0.2
50 to 249 employees	85	64	53	0.2	0.2	0.1
250 to 999 employees	31	24	28	0.2	0.1	0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees	29	30	21	0.3	0.3	0.2
5,000 or more employees	12	7	8	0.3	0.1	0.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Establishment size class data are produced for the total private sector only. NOTE: The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. The levels for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month. The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. The rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month as percent of employment. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.