For release 10:00 A.M. (EDT) USDL-11-0761
WEDNESDAY, MAY 25, 2011
Technical information:
(202) 691-6199 NCSinfo@bls.gov http://www.bls.gov/ncs
Media contact:
(202) 691-5902 PressOffice@bls.gov
OCCUPATIONAL PAY COMPARISONS AMONG METROPOLITAN AREAS, 2010
Average pay for civilian workers in the San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA metropolitan area
was 20 percent above the national average in 2010, one of 77 metropolitan areas studied by the
National Compensation Survey (NCS), the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The
Brownsville-Harlingen, TX metropolitan area had a pay relative of 80, meaning workers earned an
average of 80 cents for every dollar earned by workers nationwide. Using data from the NCS, pay
relatives—a means of assessing pay differences—are available for each of the nine major
occupational groups within surveyed metropolitan areas, as well as averaged across all occupations
for each area. The average pay relative nationally for all occupations and for each occupational
group equals 100. (See table 1.)
A pay relative is a calculation of pay—wages, salaries, commissions, and production
bonuses—for a given metropolitan area relative to the nation as a whole. The calculation
controls for differences among areas in occupational composition, establishment and occupational
characteristics, and the fact that data are collected for areas at different times during the year.
Simple pay comparisons calculating the ratio of the average pay for an area to the entire United
States in percentage terms would not control for interarea differences in occupational composition
and other factors, which may impact pay relatives.
Chart 1 above lists selected metropolitan area pay relatives compared to average pay nationally
among those studied in the NCS. Table A provides selected metropolitan area pay relatives for each
of five major occupational groups. In addition, area-to-area comparisons have been calculated for
all 77 metropolitan areas and are available on the BLS website at
http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ocs/payrel.htm.
Table A. Selected metropolitan area-to-national pay relatives and major occupational groups, July 2010
(of 77 metropolitan areas surveyed)
Major Occupational Group Metropolitan Area Pay Relative
Management, business, and financial New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA 120
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA 108
Reno-Sparks, NV 108
Salinas, CA 108
San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA 108
Office and administrative support San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA 120
New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA 115
Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-NH 114
Hartford-West Hartford-Willimantic, CT 114
Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia, 112
DC-MD-VA-WV
Service San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA 126
Salinas, CA 123
Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA 123
Hartford-West Hartford-Willimantic, CT 119
Minneapolis-St. Paul-St. Cloud, MN-WI 115
San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA 115
Production Detroit-Warren-Flint, MI 117
Sacramento-Arden-Arcade-Truckee, CA-NV 117
Bloomington-Normal, IL 116
Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA 115
Providence-New Bedford-Fall River, RI-MA 113
Transportation and material moving Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA 117
Minneapolis-St. Paul-St. Cloud, MN-WI 114
Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-NH 111
Kansas City, MO-KS 110
Salinas, CA 109
San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA 109
The pay relative for production occupations in the Detroit-Warren-Flint, MI and
Sacramento-Arden-Arcade-Truckee, CA-NV areas was 117, meaning the pay in these two metropolitan
areas averaged 17 percent more than the national average pay for that occupational group. By
contrast, the pay relative for production workers in the Brownsville-Harlingen, Texas area was 80,
meaning pay for workers in those occupations averaged 20 percent less than the national average.
(See table 1.)
Statistical significance measures are not available for news release and area-to-area comparison tables.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
NOTICE OF FINAL NEWS RELEASE
This is the final Occupational Pay Comparisons Among Metropolitan Areas news release. Funding
for the Locality Pay Survey program is ending. However, the other programs of the National
Compensation Survey, such as the Employment Cost Index, Employer Costs for Employee Compensation, and
benefit publications will continue to be produced.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
TECHNICAL NOTE
Pay relative controls and calculations
Pay relatives control for differences among areas in occupational composition as well as
establishment and occupational characteristics. Metropolitan areas often differ greatly in the
composition of establishments and occupations that are available to the local workforce. For
example, in Brownsville-Harlingen, Texas, the ratio of workers in the high-paying management,
business, and financial occupational group to the number of workers in all occupations is under 6
percent, whereas nationally this ratio is nearly 10 percent.1 In addition to these factors, the NCS
collects compensation data for metropolitan areas at different times during the year. Payroll
reference dates differ between areas, which makes direct comparisons between areas difficult.
The pay relative approach controls for these differences to isolate the geographic effect on
wages. To illustrate the importance of controlling for these effects, consider the following example
. The average pay for construction and extraction workers in the New York-Newark-Bridgeport,
NY-NJ-CT-PA metropolitan area in 2010 was $32.54 and in the United States, $21.18.2 A simple pay
comparison can be calculated from the ratio of the two average pay levels, multiplied by 100 to
express the comparison as a percentage. The pay comparison in the example is calculated as:
($32.54 ÷ $21.18) × 100 ≅ 154
This comparison does not control for differences between New York and the nation in the mix of
occupations, industries, and other factors. A more accurate estimate of the geographic effect of
wages in New York can be obtained by taking these differences into account. Controlling for
differences in occupational composition, establishment and occupational characteristics, and the
payroll reference date in New York relative to the nation as a whole, the pay relative for
construction and extraction occupations in New York is 129.
Survey methodology
Pay relatives were estimated using a multivariate regression technique designed to control for
interarea differences. This technique controls for the following ten characteristics:
- Occupational type
- Industry type
- Work level
- Full-time / part-time status
- Time / incentive status
- Union / nonunion status
- Ownership type
- Profit / non-profit status
- Establishment employment
- Payroll reference date
Even accounting for the characteristics used in the current regression analysis, there is still
wage variation across the areas. The variation is due to differences in wage determinants that were
not included in the model. Examples of these determinants include price levels, environmental
amenities such as a pleasant climate, and cultural amenities.
Historical pay relatives data are available for the survey years 1992-1996, 1998, 2002,
2004-2009. There are several differences between the recent pay relatives and the pay relatives for
earlier years, including different industry and occupation classification systems, varying
methodology, and different survey designs. These differences limit comparability. The pay relatives
since 2004 have been calculated using the same industry and occupation classification systems,
methodology, and survey design. Nonetheless, comparisons between the estimates for these years
should be made only with caution.
For more details on survey design, methodology, classification systems, recent changes in the
survey, and appropriate uses and limitations of the data, see BLS Handbook of Methods, Chapter 8,
“National Compensation Measures,” available on the Internet at
http://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/homch8_a.htm, especially the major section “Area-to-Nation and
Area-to-Area Pay Comparisons.”
Obtaining information
Articles, bulletins, and other information from the National Compensation Survey may be obtained
by calling (202) 691-6199, sending email to NCSinfo@bls.gov, or visiting the Internet site
http://www.bls.gov/ncs. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service Number: 1-800-877-8339.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Footnotes
(1) Data for this example are based on the May 2010 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area
Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates, on the Internet at
http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcma.htm.
(2) Average pay for construction and extraction workers in New York and for the United States
are based on wage estimates published in New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA National
Compensation Survey, May 2010 and National Compensation Survey: Occupational Earnings in the United
States, 2010, on the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ocs/compub.htm.
Table 1. Pay relatives for major occupational groups in
metropolitan areas, National Compensation Survey, July 2010
(Average pay nationally for all occupations and for each
occupational group shown = 100.)
Management,
Metropolitan area(1) All business,
occupations and
financial
United States......................... 100 100
Amarillo, TX.......................... 88 94
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Gainesville,
GA-AL................................. 98 101
Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos, TX...... 94 92
Birmingham-Hoover, AL................. 94 93
Bloomington, IN....................... 91 94
Bloomington-Normal, IL................ 100 91
Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-NH.... 111 102
Brownsville-Harlingen, TX............. 80 84
Buffalo-Niagara-Cattaraugus, NY....... 97 95
Charleston-North
Charleston-Summerville,
SC.................................... 94 91
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC... 99 101
Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City,
IL-IN-WI.............................. 106 105
Cincinnati-Middletown-Wilmington,
OH-KY-IN.............................. 100 103
Cleveland-Akron-Elyria, OH............ 100 102
Columbus-Marion-Chillicothe, OH....... 100 96
Corpus Christi, TX.................... 90 80
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX................. 98 98
Dayton-Springfield-Greenville, OH..... 96 99
Denver-Aurora-Boulder, CO............. 102 97
Detroit-Warren-Flint, MI.............. 102 98
Elkhart-Goshen, IN.................... 93 97
Fort Collins-Loveland, CO............. 101 96
Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI.............. 100 90
Great Falls, MT....................... 91 96
Greensboro-High Point, NC............. 95 100
Greenville-Mauldin-Easley, SC......... 95 99
Hartford-West Hartford-Willimantic, CT 111 107
Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC.......... 95 93
Honolulu, HI.......................... 105 104
Houston-Baytown-Huntsville, TX........ 99 101
Huntsville-Decatur, AL................ 98 104
Indianapolis-Anderson-Columbus, IN.... 95 86
(Continued)
(Average pay nationally for all occupations and for each
occupational group shown = 100.)
Metropolitan area(1) Professional Service
and related
United States......................... 100 100
Amarillo, TX.......................... 79 90
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Gainesville,
GA-AL................................. 101 94
Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos, TX...... 92 91
Birmingham-Hoover, AL................. 98 98
Bloomington, IN....................... 88 86
Bloomington-Normal, IL................ 103 99
Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-NH.... 111 112
Brownsville-Harlingen, TX............. 88 88
Buffalo-Niagara-Cattaraugus, NY....... 90 101
Charleston-North
Charleston-Summerville,
SC.................................... 98 88
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC... 97 98
Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City,
IL-IN-WI.............................. 107 106
Cincinnati-Middletown-Wilmington,
OH-KY-IN.............................. 97 99
Cleveland-Akron-Elyria, OH............ 98 99
Columbus-Marion-Chillicothe, OH....... 96 102
Corpus Christi, TX.................... 91 88
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX................. 100 93
Dayton-Springfield-Greenville, OH..... 92 101
Denver-Aurora-Boulder, CO............. 101 106
Detroit-Warren-Flint, MI.............. 105 95
Elkhart-Goshen, IN.................... 90 100
Fort Collins-Loveland, CO............. 98 102
Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI.............. 98 101
Great Falls, MT....................... 77 103
Greensboro-High Point, NC............. 98 92
Greenville-Mauldin-Easley, SC......... 93 96
Hartford-West Hartford-Willimantic, CT 109 119
Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC.......... 84 94
Honolulu, HI.......................... 101 114
Houston-Baytown-Huntsville, TX........ 105 91
Huntsville-Decatur, AL................ 102 93
Indianapolis-Anderson-Columbus, IN.... 96 94
(Continued)
(Average pay nationally for all occupations and for each
occupational group shown = 100.)
Office and
Metropolitan area(1) Sales and administra-
related tive support
United States......................... 100 100
Amarillo, TX.......................... 96 90
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Gainesville,
GA-AL................................. 95 101
Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos, TX...... 102 95
Birmingham-Hoover, AL................. 89 97
Bloomington, IN....................... 86 92
Bloomington-Normal, IL................ 103 97
Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-NH.... 107 114
Brownsville-Harlingen, TX............. 71 80
Buffalo-Niagara-Cattaraugus, NY....... 92 94
Charleston-North
Charleston-Summerville,
SC.................................... 105 92
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC... 103 101
Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City,
IL-IN-WI.............................. 103 107
Cincinnati-Middletown-Wilmington,
OH-KY-IN.............................. 110 100
Cleveland-Akron-Elyria, OH............ 98 102
Columbus-Marion-Chillicothe, OH....... 104 102
Corpus Christi, TX.................... 90 87
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX................. 102 99
Dayton-Springfield-Greenville, OH..... 95 92
Denver-Aurora-Boulder, CO............. 106 104
Detroit-Warren-Flint, MI.............. 99 100
Elkhart-Goshen, IN.................... 95 94
Fort Collins-Loveland, CO............. 98 97
Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI.............. 114 101
Great Falls, MT....................... 92 83
Greensboro-High Point, NC............. 93 96
Greenville-Mauldin-Easley, SC......... 93 95
Hartford-West Hartford-Willimantic, CT 107 114
Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC.......... 91 91
Honolulu, HI.......................... 104 98
Houston-Baytown-Huntsville, TX........ 102 101
Huntsville-Decatur, AL................ 99 95
Indianapolis-Anderson-Columbus, IN.... 82 97
(Continued)
(Average pay nationally for all occupations and for each
occupational group shown = 100.)
Construction Installation,
Metropolitan area(1) and maintenance,
extraction and repair
United States......................... 100 100
Amarillo, TX.......................... 88 97
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Gainesville,
GA-AL................................. 86 94
Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos, TX...... 84 108
Birmingham-Hoover, AL................. 80 97
Bloomington, IN....................... 83 93
Bloomington-Normal, IL................ 118 86
Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-NH.... 115 113
Brownsville-Harlingen, TX............. 68 79
Buffalo-Niagara-Cattaraugus, NY....... 107 97
Charleston-North
Charleston-Summerville,
SC.................................... 83 95
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC... 87 104
Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City,
IL-IN-WI.............................. 129 109
Cincinnati-Middletown-Wilmington,
OH-KY-IN.............................. 80 100
Cleveland-Akron-Elyria, OH............ 109 112
Columbus-Marion-Chillicothe, OH....... 108 102
Corpus Christi, TX.................... 96 108
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX................. 89 98
Dayton-Springfield-Greenville, OH..... 92 98
Denver-Aurora-Boulder, CO............. 94 111
Detroit-Warren-Flint, MI.............. 103 98
Elkhart-Goshen, IN.................... 103 86
Fort Collins-Loveland, CO............. 100 133
Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI.............. 104 91
Great Falls, MT....................... 96 95
Greensboro-High Point, NC............. 87 91
Greenville-Mauldin-Easley, SC......... 77 82
Hartford-West Hartford-Willimantic, CT 112 112
Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC.......... 95 93
Honolulu, HI.......................... 115 109
Houston-Baytown-Huntsville, TX........ 90 97
Huntsville-Decatur, AL................ 91 94
Indianapolis-Anderson-Columbus, IN.... 98 103
(Continued)
(Average pay nationally for all occupations and for each
occupational group shown = 100.)
Transporta-
Metropolitan area(1) Production tion and
material
moving
United States......................... 100 100
Amarillo, TX.......................... 88 92
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Gainesville,
GA-AL................................. 97 105
Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos, TX...... 90 97
Birmingham-Hoover, AL................. 94 99
Bloomington, IN....................... 104 100
Bloomington-Normal, IL................ 116 100
Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-NH.... 108 111
Brownsville-Harlingen, TX............. 80 77
Buffalo-Niagara-Cattaraugus, NY....... 110 101
Charleston-North
Charleston-Summerville,
SC.................................... 108 98
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC... 100 95
Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City,
IL-IN-WI.............................. 103 104
Cincinnati-Middletown-Wilmington,
OH-KY-IN.............................. 102 105
Cleveland-Akron-Elyria, OH............ 101 101
Columbus-Marion-Chillicothe, OH....... 104 99
Corpus Christi, TX.................... 96 91
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX................. 93 100
Dayton-Springfield-Greenville, OH..... 99 99
Denver-Aurora-Boulder, CO............. 100 101
Detroit-Warren-Flint, MI.............. 117 104
Elkhart-Goshen, IN.................... 93 100
Fort Collins-Loveland, CO............. 107 107
Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI.............. 102 96
Great Falls, MT....................... 83 100
Greensboro-High Point, NC............. 99 103
Greenville-Mauldin-Easley, SC......... 110 98
Hartford-West Hartford-Willimantic, CT 109 107
Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC.......... 104 102
Honolulu, HI.......................... 112 95
Houston-Baytown-Huntsville, TX........ 98 95
Huntsville-Decatur, AL................ 99 96
Indianapolis-Anderson-Columbus, IN.... 104 97
(Continued)
(Average pay nationally for all occupations and for each
occupational group shown = 100.)
Management,
Metropolitan area(1) All business,
occupations and
financial
Iowa City, IA......................... 98 98
Johnstown, PA......................... 88 86
Kansas City, MO-KS.................... 99 93
Kennewick-Pasco-Richland, WA.......... 105 103
Knoxville, TN......................... 90 97
Lincoln, NE........................... 87 78
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA.. 108 108
Louisville/Jefferson
County-Elizabethtown-Scottsburg, KY-IN 96 89
Memphis, TN-MS-AR..................... 95 96
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach,
FL.................................... 97 104
Milwaukee-Racine-Waukesha, WI......... 102 99
Minneapolis-St. Paul-St. Cloud, MN-WI 107 102
Mobile, AL............................ 90 98
New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA....... 98 94
New York-Newark-Bridgeport,
NY-NJ-CT-PA........................... 114 120
Ocala, FL............................. 87 84
Oklahoma City, OK..................... 92 97
Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL......... 91 89
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL..... 92 81
Philadelphia-Camden-Vineland,
PA-NJ-DE-MD........................... 104 103
Phoenix-Mesa-Glendale, AZ............. 99 105
Pittsburgh-New Castle, PA............. 95 88
Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA... 105 101
Providence-New Bedford-Fall River,
RI-MA................................. 104 95
Reading, PA........................... 101 104
Reno-Sparks, NV....................... 101 108
Richmond, VA.......................... 98 96
Rochester, NY......................... 101 103
Rockford, IL.......................... 98 88
Sacramento-Arden-Arcade-Truckee, CA-NV 108 104
Salinas, CA........................... 113 108
San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX......... 92 91
San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA..... 107 105
San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA.... 120 108
(Continued)
(Average pay nationally for all occupations and for each
occupational group shown = 100.)
Metropolitan area(1) Professional Service
and related
Iowa City, IA......................... 94 99
Johnstown, PA......................... 85 94
Kansas City, MO-KS.................... 100 96
Kennewick-Pasco-Richland, WA.......... 99 109
Knoxville, TN......................... 98 78
Lincoln, NE........................... 84 91
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA.. 107 111
Louisville/Jefferson
County-Elizabethtown-Scottsburg, KY-IN 96 99
Memphis, TN-MS-AR..................... 95 88
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach,
FL.................................... 89 98
Milwaukee-Racine-Waukesha, WI......... 96 99
Minneapolis-St. Paul-St. Cloud, MN-WI 102 115
Mobile, AL............................ 91 90
New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA....... 103 90
New York-Newark-Bridgeport,
NY-NJ-CT-PA........................... 114 114
Ocala, FL............................. 85 88
Oklahoma City, OK..................... 90 95
Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL......... 84 93
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL..... 87 94
Philadelphia-Camden-Vineland,
PA-NJ-DE-MD........................... 104 101
Phoenix-Mesa-Glendale, AZ............. 103 98
Pittsburgh-New Castle, PA............. 95 93
Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA... 103 110
Providence-New Bedford-Fall River,
RI-MA................................. 105 105
Reading, PA........................... 106 97
Reno-Sparks, NV....................... 98 99
Richmond, VA.......................... 96 94
Rochester, NY......................... 101 103
Rockford, IL.......................... 93 101
Sacramento-Arden-Arcade-Truckee, CA-NV 110 111
Salinas, CA........................... 115 123
San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX......... 96 92
San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA..... 106 115
San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA.... 120 126
(Continued)
(Average pay nationally for all occupations and for each
occupational group shown = 100.)
Office and
Metropolitan area(1) Sales and administra-
related tive support
Iowa City, IA......................... 98 103
Johnstown, PA......................... 91 90
Kansas City, MO-KS.................... 101 97
Kennewick-Pasco-Richland, WA.......... 107 104
Knoxville, TN......................... 94 90
Lincoln, NE........................... 82 90
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA.. 108 107
Louisville/Jefferson
County-Elizabethtown-Scottsburg, KY-IN 101 98
Memphis, TN-MS-AR..................... 99 97
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach,
FL.................................... 99 99
Milwaukee-Racine-Waukesha, WI......... 109 100
Minneapolis-St. Paul-St. Cloud, MN-WI 107 105
Mobile, AL............................ 87 92
New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA....... 102 99
New York-Newark-Bridgeport,
NY-NJ-CT-PA........................... 108 115
Ocala, FL............................. 89 95
Oklahoma City, OK..................... 99 87
Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL......... 94 92
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL..... 96 89
Philadelphia-Camden-Vineland,
PA-NJ-DE-MD........................... 98 109
Phoenix-Mesa-Glendale, AZ............. 101 99
Pittsburgh-New Castle, PA............. 94 95
Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA... 106 106
Providence-New Bedford-Fall River,
RI-MA................................. 103 107
Reading, PA........................... 102 102
Reno-Sparks, NV....................... 103 102
Richmond, VA.......................... 97 102
Rochester, NY......................... 105 100
Rockford, IL.......................... 100 97
Sacramento-Arden-Arcade-Truckee, CA-NV 109 103
Salinas, CA........................... 124 107
San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX......... 90 94
San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA..... 108 104
San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA.... 124 120
(Continued)
(Average pay nationally for all occupations and for each
occupational group shown = 100.)
Construction Installation,
Metropolitan area(1) and maintenance,
extraction and repair
Iowa City, IA......................... 118 93
Johnstown, PA......................... 95 78
Kansas City, MO-KS.................... 95 101
Kennewick-Pasco-Richland, WA.......... 107 102
Knoxville, TN......................... 86 92
Lincoln, NE........................... 82 88
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA.. 108 109
Louisville/Jefferson
County-Elizabethtown-Scottsburg, KY-IN 100 92
Memphis, TN-MS-AR..................... 92 96
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach,
FL.................................... 96 98
Milwaukee-Racine-Waukesha, WI......... 115 100
Minneapolis-St. Paul-St. Cloud, MN-WI 111 108
Mobile, AL............................ 102 82
New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA....... 90 106
New York-Newark-Bridgeport,
NY-NJ-CT-PA........................... 129 110
Ocala, FL............................. 81 91
Oklahoma City, OK..................... 115 84
Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL......... 95 95
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL..... 97 95
Philadelphia-Camden-Vineland,
PA-NJ-DE-MD........................... 108 107
Phoenix-Mesa-Glendale, AZ............. 86 98
Pittsburgh-New Castle, PA............. 95 96
Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA... 106 114
Providence-New Bedford-Fall River,
RI-MA................................. 114 110
Reading, PA........................... 101 96
Reno-Sparks, NV....................... 98 104
Richmond, VA.......................... 90 102
Rochester, NY......................... 101 96
Rockford, IL.......................... 116 95
Sacramento-Arden-Arcade-Truckee, CA-NV 117 110
Salinas, CA........................... 116 119
San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX......... 97 97
San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA..... 106 107
San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA.... 128 124
(Continued)
(Average pay nationally for all occupations and for each
occupational group shown = 100.)
Transporta-
Metropolitan area(1) Production tion and
material
moving
Iowa City, IA......................... 98 105
Johnstown, PA......................... 88 86
Kansas City, MO-KS.................... 106 110
Kennewick-Pasco-Richland, WA.......... 96 108
Knoxville, TN......................... 91 94
Lincoln, NE........................... 92 94
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA.. 100 105
Louisville/Jefferson
County-Elizabethtown-Scottsburg, KY-IN 103 89
Memphis, TN-MS-AR..................... 93 92
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach,
FL.................................... 96 100
Milwaukee-Racine-Waukesha, WI......... 108 104
Minneapolis-St. Paul-St. Cloud, MN-WI 109 114
Mobile, AL............................ 96 103
New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA....... 111 104
New York-Newark-Bridgeport,
NY-NJ-CT-PA........................... 106 103
Ocala, FL............................. 85 93
Oklahoma City, OK..................... 81 104
Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL......... 100 105
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL..... 98 102
Philadelphia-Camden-Vineland,
PA-NJ-DE-MD........................... 99 105
Phoenix-Mesa-Glendale, AZ............. 95 99
Pittsburgh-New Castle, PA............. 101 97
Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA... 104 101
Providence-New Bedford-Fall River,
RI-MA................................. 113 104
Reading, PA........................... 102 100
Reno-Sparks, NV....................... 102 101
Richmond, VA.......................... 100 98
Rochester, NY......................... 106 107
Rockford, IL.......................... 99 104
Sacramento-Arden-Arcade-Truckee, CA-NV 117 108
Salinas, CA........................... 93 109
San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX......... 90 91
San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA..... 101 102
San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA.... 109 109
(Continued)
(Average pay nationally for all occupations and for each
occupational group shown = 100.)
Management,
Metropolitan area(1) All business,
occupations and
financial
Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA............ 112 105
Springfield, MA....................... 107 97
Springfield, MO....................... 89 93
St. Louis, MO-IL...................... 100 96
Tallahassee, FL....................... 88 78
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL... 93 95
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News,
VA-NC................................. 92 88
Visalia-Porterville, CA............... 99 87
Washington-Baltimore-Northern
Virginia, DC-MD-VA-WV................. 109 105
York-Hanover, PA...................... 97 101
Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA..... 91 98
(Continued)
(Average pay nationally for all occupations and for each
occupational group shown = 100.)
Metropolitan area(1) Professional Service
and related
Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA............ 109 123
Springfield, MA....................... 110 111
Springfield, MO....................... 85 89
St. Louis, MO-IL...................... 101 97
Tallahassee, FL....................... 82 92
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL... 88 96
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News,
VA-NC................................. 92 90
Visalia-Porterville, CA............... 105 107
Washington-Baltimore-Northern
Virginia, DC-MD-VA-WV................. 111 106
York-Hanover, PA...................... 100 96
Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA..... 89 90
(Continued)
(Average pay nationally for all occupations and for each
occupational group shown = 100.)
Office and
Metropolitan area(1) Sales and administra-
related tive support
Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA............ 109 108
Springfield, MA....................... 99 106
Springfield, MO....................... 92 88
St. Louis, MO-IL...................... 99 102
Tallahassee, FL....................... 92 90
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL... 92 96
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News,
VA-NC................................. 93 95
Visalia-Porterville, CA............... 102 93
Washington-Baltimore-Northern
Virginia, DC-MD-VA-WV................. 109 112
York-Hanover, PA...................... 98 95
Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA..... 92 92
(Continued)
(Average pay nationally for all occupations and for each
occupational group shown = 100.)
Construction Installation,
Metropolitan area(1) and maintenance,
extraction and repair
Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA............ 115 103
Springfield, MA....................... 114 97
Springfield, MO....................... 83 86
St. Louis, MO-IL...................... 107 111
Tallahassee, FL....................... 97 90
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL... 93 90
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News,
VA-NC................................. 87 97
Visalia-Porterville, CA............... 95 99
Washington-Baltimore-Northern
Virginia, DC-MD-VA-WV................. 106 112
York-Hanover, PA...................... 101 93
Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA..... 90 96
(Continued)
(Average pay nationally for all occupations and for each
occupational group shown = 100.)
Transporta-
Metropolitan area(1) Production tion and
material
moving
Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA............ 115 117
Springfield, MA....................... 105 106
Springfield, MO....................... 97 92
St. Louis, MO-IL...................... 98 97
Tallahassee, FL....................... 85 92
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL... 89 93
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News,
VA-NC................................. 91 89
Visalia-Porterville, CA............... 103 99
Washington-Baltimore-Northern
Virginia, DC-MD-VA-WV................. 107 105
York-Hanover, PA...................... 103 102
Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA..... 100 87
(1) A metropolitan area can be a Metropolitan Statistical Area
(MSA) or Combined Statistical Area (CSA) as defined by the
Office of Management and Budget, December 2003.
United States Department of Labor
