Table 3. Producer price indexes and percent changes for intermediate demand by production flow

Table 3. Producer price indexes and percent changes for intermediate demand by production flow(1) [Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Grouping	Other index base	Relative Importance Dec. 2017(2)	Unadjusted index			Unadjusted percent change to Dec. 2018 from:		Seasonally adjusted percent change from:
Grouping	Other index base	Relative Importance Dec. 2017(2)	Aug. 2018(3)	Nov. 2018(3)	Dec. 2018(3)	Dec. 2017	Nov. 2018	Sept. to Oct.	Oct. to Nov.	Nov. to Dec.
Stage 4
Stage 4 intermediate demand		100.000	117.6	117.7	117.6	3.1	-0.1	0.5	-0.1	0.1
Inputs to stage 4 goods producers		30.540	113.9	114.0	114.6	3.4	0.5	0.5	0.1	0.5
Goods		22.950	112.8	112.6	113.1	3.2	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.4
Foods		2.673	111.0	110.3	116.5	5.6	5.6	0.2	0.5	5.6
Energy		1.123	121.2	114.3	113.3	2.0	-0.9	0.5	0.5	-1.3
Goods excluding foods and energy		19.154	112.3	112.6	112.4	2.9	-0.2	0.4	-0.1	-0.2
Services		7.590	117.4	118.6	119.3	3.9	0.6	1.0	0.5	0.6
Trade services		6.022	120.1	121.5	122.2	4.2	0.6	1.2	0.6	0.6
Transportation and warehousing services		0.226	119.8	123.1	122.8	7.2	-0.2	0.6	1.5	-0.4
Transportation of passengers		0.081	113.8	119.8	118.2	7.7	-1.3	1.0	2.3	-1.6
Transportation and warehousing of goods		0.145	122.9	124.5	125.0	6.8	0.4	0.3	0.9	0.4
Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing		1.342	108.4	108.6	109.1	1.9	0.5	0.4	0.0	0.6
Inputs to stage 4 services producers		50.303	119.0	119.0	119.1	2.7	0.1	0.3	0.0	0.3
Goods		13.366	115.9	114.6	114.2	1.5	-0.3	0.4	-0.4	-0.1
Foods		2.857	116.4	115.6	115.4	-1.2	-0.2	0.6	-0.3	0.3
Energy		2.318	115.3	107.5	105.6	-0.5	-1.8	1.6	-2.3	-1.5
Goods excluding foods and energy		8.191	118.4	118.8	118.8	3.0	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.1
Services		36.787	120.0	120.4	120.7	3.0	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.4
Trade services		4.104	115.7	116.6	116.9	3.3	0.3	1.0	-0.1	0.3
Transportation and warehousing services		2.280	121.4	123.1	122.9	4.4	-0.2	0.4	0.7	-0.2
Transportation of passengers		0.346	113.7	119.7	118.1	7.7	-1.3	1.1	2.3	-1.6
Transportation and warehousing of goods		1.934	123.0	123.8	123.9	3.9	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.2
Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing		30.403	120.1	120.4	120.7	2.9	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.5
Construction		0.150	116.5	117.0	117.2	2.2	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.3
Inputs to stage 4 construction producers		19.158	120.0	120.1	118.7	4.1	-1.2	1.1	-0.6	-0.9
Goods		13.135	121.2	121.1	119.0	4.2	-1.7	1.0	-0.7	-1.4
Energy		1.683	109.6	108.2	95.1	1.5	-12.1	5.7	-2.9	-10.3
Goods excluding foods and energy		11.452	123.1	123.4	123.3	4.7	-0.1	0.2	-0.2	0.1
Services		6.023	117.2	117.5	117.8	3.8	0.3	1.1	-0.5	0.3
Trade services		3.197	118.0	117.7	118.2	4.3	0.4	1.9	-1.3	0.3
Transportation and warehousing services		0.814	122.1	124.0	124.3	6.8	0.2	0.4	0.9	0.2
Transportation of passengers		0.039	114.6	120.2	118.8	6.9	-1.2	1.2	2.1	-1.4
Transportation and warehousing of goods		0.775	122.5	124.1	124.6	6.8	0.4	0.3	0.9	0.4
Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing		2.012	115.9	116.3	116.5	1.9	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2

Stage 3
Stage 3 intermediate demand		100.000	117.3	117.1	115.5	1.8	-1.4	1.6	-0.8	-1.2
Inputs to stage 3 goods producers		48.271	118.5	119.0	117.8	1.8	-1.0	2.4	-0.8	-0.8
Goods		38.740	116.7	117.0	115.6	1.0	-1.2	2.7	-1.0	-1.1
Foods		11.717	116.5	117.5	117.6	-5.7	0.1	7.4	-2.4	0.7
Energy		1.916	112.1	107.8	103.0	6.5	-4.5	2.1	0.2	-4.6
Goods excluding foods and energy		25.107	119.2	119.7	117.9	3.8	-1.5	0.8	-0.5	-1.6
Services		9.466	117.8	119.0	119.2	4.9	0.2	1.4	-0.2	0.2
Trade services		7.715	117.2	118.5	118.6	5.2	0.1	1.7	-0.3	0.1
Transportation and warehousing services		0.606	122.3	124.7	124.3	5.8	-0.3	0.1	0.7	-0.3
Transportation of passengers		0.030	115.7	121.2	119.9	6.7	-1.1	1.3	1.9	-1.2
Transportation and warehousing of goods		0.576	122.6	124.8	124.5	5.9	-0.2	0.1	0.6	-0.2
Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing		1.145	112.3	112.1	113.0	2.6	0.8	-0.2	0.3	0.8
Construction		0.065	116.5	117.0	117.2	2.2	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.3
Inputs to stage 3 services producers		49.659	116.8	115.7	114.1	1.8	-1.4	0.9	-0.9	-1.3
Goods		10.662	109.2	103.1	96.1	-1.5	-6.8	3.5	-5.3	-6.5
Foods		0.003	128.2	126.9	125.8	-3.0	-0.9	-1.1	-0.9	0.7
Energy		7.315	107.8	99.2	89.7	-3.1	-9.6	5.0	-7.7	-9.2
Goods excluding foods and energy		3.344	109.3	109.7	109.6	2.1	-0.1	-0.4	0.5	0.0
Services		37.939	118.6	119.2	119.2	2.6	0.0	0.2	0.3	0.3
Trade services		3.378	131.9	134.1	134.4	1.2	0.2	1.1	0.7	0.2
Transportation and warehousing services		8.201	130.8	131.1	130.8	2.7	-0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0
Transportation of passengers		0.032	114.8	120.5	119.0	7.0	-1.2	1.3	2.0	-1.3
Transportation and warehousing of goods		8.169	131.1	131.4	131.1	2.7	-0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0
Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing		26.360	115.7	116.2	116.3	2.8	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.3
Construction		1.058	116.5	117.0	117.2	2.2	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.3
Inputs to stage 3 construction producers		2.068	118.1	120.5	113.0	4.1	-6.2	3.1	0.0	-5.0
Goods		1.639	112.3	115.1	106.0	4.1	-7.9	3.6	0.1	-6.4
Energy		1.010	102.9	106.9	93.9	4.1	-12.2	5.4	0.4	-9.8
Goods excluding foods and energy		0.629	126.3	126.3	126.2	4.2	-0.1	0.2	-0.3	-0.1
Services		0.429	123.8	123.8	124.7	3.8	0.7	1.2	-0.7	0.6
Trade services		0.388	125.7	125.7	126.6	4.1	0.7	1.4	-0.9	0.6
Transportation and warehousing services		0.001	113.8	119.8	118.2	7.7	-1.3	1.0	2.3	-1.6
Transportation of passengers		0.001	113.8	119.8	118.2	7.7	-1.3	1.0	2.3	-1.6
Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing		0.040	106.7	106.8	107.6	0.9	0.7	0.4	0.2	0.7

Stage 2
Stage 2 intermediate demand		100.000	109.0	107.7	111.5	5.7	3.5	0.8	-2.3	3.6
Inputs to stage 2 goods producers		45.291	102.3	99.3	107.5	10.1	8.3	1.4	-4.7	8.2
Goods		38.838	98.4	94.9	104.1	11.2	9.7	1.5	-5.6	9.7
Foods		3.674	110.0	107.2	110.3	0.6	2.9	1.2	1.1	1.6
Energy		16.208	76.8	71.4	88.4	21.1	23.8	3.4	-12.9	23.8
Goods excluding foods and energy		18.956	119.4	118.5	118.0	4.8	-0.4	-0.2	0.0	-0.3
Services		6.001	119.3	120.5	120.4	3.6	-0.1	0.4	0.5	-0.1
Trade services		0.414	120.5	124.2	124.2	5.3	0.0	2.0	1.8	0.0
Transportation and warehousing services		3.408	139.2	140.9	140.8	4.3	-0.1	0.4	0.4	-0.1
Transportation of passengers		0.251	114.5	120.3	118.8	7.2	-1.2	1.2	2.2	-1.5
Transportation and warehousing of goods		3.157	140.0	141.3	141.3	4.1	0.0	0.3	0.4	0.1
Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing		2.179	106.3	106.7	106.6	2.2	-0.1	0.4	0.1	0.0
Construction		0.452	116.5	117.0	117.2	2.2	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.3
Inputs to stage 2 services producers		54.709	115.8	116.0	115.7	2.1	-0.3	0.3	-0.1	-0.2
Goods		4.652	111.8	111.8	111.0	2.6	-0.7	0.4	-0.1	-0.6
Foods		0.059	88.6	87.9	90.9	11.5	3.4	1.0	2.2	0.6
Energy		0.407	119.3	118.9	109.0	1.9	-8.3	3.9	-1.5	-6.8
Goods excluding foods and energy		4.186	111.3	111.3	111.3	2.5	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Services		48.621	116.1	116.4	116.2	2.1	-0.2	0.3	-0.1	-0.2
Trade services		1.050	123.1	123.4	124.5	5.9	0.9	1.0	-1.0	0.8
Transportation and warehousing services		6.159	120.6	122.0	121.6	3.8	-0.3	0.4	0.4	-0.2
Transportation of passengers		0.916	114.0	120.0	118.4	7.5	-1.3	1.1	2.3	-1.5
Transportation and warehousing of goods		5.243	122.3	122.8	122.6	3.2	-0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1
Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing		41.412	116.0	116.1	115.8	1.7	-0.3	0.3	-0.1	-0.2
Construction		1.436	116.5	117.0	117.2	2.2	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.3

Stage 1
Stage 1 intermediate demand		100.000	117.8	117.7	116.5	3.5	-1.0	1.1	-0.3	-0.8
Inputs to stage 1 goods producers		46.645	114.7	114.0	113.2	3.5	-0.7	1.5	-0.8	-0.7
Goods		36.623	113.0	112.1	111.2	3.2	-0.8	1.3	-0.7	-0.9
Foods		2.574	110.2	107.3	109.3	5.7	1.9	1.6	1.2	0.4
Energy		6.488	110.9	107.4	110.6	8.2	3.0	3.1	-4.2	3.1
Goods excluding foods and energy		27.561	115.5	115.4	113.2	1.8	-1.9	1.0	0.0	-2.0
Services		10.016	119.0	119.4	119.1	4.8	-0.3	1.8	-0.8	-0.3
Trade services		7.198	122.3	122.3	121.7	5.1	-0.5	2.3	-1.4	-0.5
Transportation and warehousing services		1.217	122.7	125.0	124.9	7.0	-0.1	0.4	1.1	-0.1
Transportation of passengers		0.209	113.8	119.8	118.2	7.7	-1.3	1.0	2.3	-1.6
Transportation and warehousing of goods		1.008	124.1	125.6	125.9	7.0	0.2	0.3	0.9	0.2
Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing		1.601	102.8	103.5	104.0	1.9	0.5	-0.1	0.5	0.5
Construction		0.006	116.5	117.0	117.2	2.2	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.3
Inputs to stage 1 services producers		46.555	120.7	121.2	119.5	3.3	-1.4	0.7	0.3	-0.9
Goods		15.172	115.6	115.3	111.1	2.7	-3.6	2.0	-0.3	-2.9
Foods		0.112	108.3	107.2	107.6	-11.5	0.4	0.0	-0.9	0.4
Energy		7.770	116.3	115.5	107.9	2.9	-6.6	3.6	-0.7	-5.2
Goods excluding foods and energy		7.290	117.1	117.5	117.1	2.7	-0.3	0.3	-0.1	-0.3
Services		31.379	123.0	123.7	123.4	3.5	-0.2	0.1	0.8	0.1
Trade services		4.294	118.6	120.5	121.1	2.4	0.5	1.4	0.6	0.5
Transportation and warehousing services		2.427	124.3	128.6	127.3	5.2	-1.0	0.7	1.6	-1.1
Transportation of passengers		1.486	113.7	119.7	118.1	7.7	-1.3	1.0	2.3	-1.6
Transportation and warehousing of goods		0.941	131.7	132.2	131.8	1.5	-0.3	0.2	0.1	-0.2
Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing		24.658	123.7	123.9	123.5	3.5	-0.3	-0.2	0.7	0.2
Construction		0.004	116.5	117.0	117.2	2.2	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.3
Inputs to stage 1 construction producers		6.799	120.4	120.1	119.2	4.2	-0.7	1.1	-0.8	-0.7
Goods		4.517	120.1	119.8	118.1	4.4	-1.4	1.0	-0.7	-1.2
Energy		0.484	110.4	104.4	92.1	0.4	-11.8	5.6	-4.9	-10.5
Goods excluding foods and energy		4.033	122.6	123.2	123.1	4.9	-0.1	0.4	-0.2	0.0
Services		2.282	120.6	120.5	121.1	3.7	0.5	1.2	-1.0	0.4
Trade services		1.649	121.9	121.6	122.4	4.3	0.7	1.7	-1.5	0.6
Transportation and warehousing services		0.086	110.1	112.2	111.8	7.6	-0.4	0.4	1.2	-0.4
Transportation of passengers		0.022	113.8	119.8	118.2	7.7	-1.3	1.0	2.3	-1.6
Transportation and warehousing of goods		0.064	110.1	110.9	110.9	7.6	0.0	0.1	0.8	0.0
Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing		0.547	116.2	116.4	116.5	1.3	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.1

Special groupings

Total goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand	04/10	49.451	113.0	112.6	112.2	3.0	-0.4	0.5	-0.3	-0.3
Total services inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand	04/10	50.400	118.7	119.2	119.6	3.3	0.3	0.4	0.1	0.4
Total construction inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand	04/10	0.150	115.5	116.0	116.2	2.2	0.2	0.4	0.1	0.3
Total foods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand	04/10	5.530	110.8	110.0	112.9	2.1	2.6	0.4	0.2	2.9
Total energy goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand	04/10	5.124	108.1	103.0	97.6	0.7	-5.2	2.9	-2.0	-4.5
Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand	04/10	38.797	114.9	115.2	115.1	3.5	-0.1	0.3	-0.1	-0.1
Total goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand	04/10	51.041	109.0	107.9	104.9	0.5	-2.8	2.9	-2.1	-2.5
Total services inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand	04/10	47.834	117.1	117.8	117.9	3.1	0.1	0.4	0.3	0.2
Total construction inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand	04/10	1.123	115.5	116.0	116.2	2.2	0.2	0.4	0.1	0.3
Total foods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand	04/10	11.720	103.8	104.7	104.7	-5.7	0.0	7.5	-2.4	0.7
Total energy goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand	04/10	10.241	103.8	97.5	88.8	-0.7	-8.9	4.6	-5.5	-8.4
Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand	04/10	29.080	112.9	113.3	111.8	3.5	-1.3	0.7	-0.4	-1.3
Total goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand	04/10	43.490	95.1	92.1	100.0	10.4	8.6	1.4	-5.0	8.7
Total services inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand	04/10	54.622	117.2	117.6	117.4	2.3	-0.2	0.3	0.0	-0.2
Total construction inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand	04/10	1.888	115.5	116.0	116.2	2.2	0.2	0.4	0.1	0.3
Total foods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand	04/10	3.733	110.4	107.6	110.7	0.7	2.9	1.1	1.2	1.5
Total energy goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand	04/10	16.615	75.6	70.4	86.6	20.6	23.0	3.3	-12.7	23.0
Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand	04/10	23.142	111.1	110.4	110.0	4.4	-0.4	-0.1	0.0	-0.2
Total goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand	04/10	56.312	102.6	102.0	100.3	3.1	-1.7	1.5	-0.6	-1.5
Total services inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand	04/10	43.677	121.0	121.6	121.3	3.9	-0.2	0.5	0.3	0.1
Total construction inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand	04/10	0.010	115.5	116.0	116.2	2.2	0.2	0.4	0.1	0.3
Total foods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand	04/10	2.686	103.9	101.3	103.1	5.0	1.8	1.5	1.1	0.4
Total energy goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand	04/10	14.742	108.9	106.9	104.0	5.2	-2.7	3.4	-2.3	-1.8
Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand	04/10	38.884	98.6	98.7	97.3	2.3	-1.4	0.7	0.0	-1.5
Footnotes (1) Further information about the Final Demand-Intermediate Demand Aggregation system is available online at https://www.bls.gov/ppi/fdidaggregation.htm (2) Comprehensive relative importance figures are initially computed after the publication of December indexes and are recalculated after final December indexes are available. Individual items and subtotals may not add exactly to totals because of rounding differences. (3) The indexes for August 2018 have been recalculated to incorporate late reports and corrections by respondents. All indexes are subject to revision 4 months after original publication.
"-" Data not available.

Last Modified Date: January 15, 2019

Producer Price Indexes

Table 3. Producer price indexes and percent changes for intermediate demand by production flow

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