Table 1. Recent labor productivity, unit labor costs, and related data
Table 1. Recent labor productivity, unit labor costs, and related data
| Industry |
2017 NAICS code |
2023
Employment
(thousands) |
Percent change, 2022-2023 |
| Labor productivity |
Unit labor costs |
Output |
Hours
worked |
Labor compen-
sation |
Hourly compen-
sation |
Wholesale trade |
42 |
6,222.4 |
-1.6 |
6.4 |
0.4 |
2.1 |
6.8 |
4.6 |
|
Merchant wholesalers, durable goods |
423 |
3,450.3 |
-3.2 |
9.2 |
-1.2 |
2.0 |
7.8 |
5.7 |
Motor vehicles and parts |
4231 |
387.3 |
7.1 |
0.1 |
8.4 |
1.2 |
8.4 |
7.2 |
Furniture and furnishings |
4232 |
116.9 |
-1.7 |
7.5 |
-4.9 |
-3.3 |
2.3 |
5.8 |
Lumber and construction supplies |
4233 |
265.6 |
-1.6 |
7.1 |
-2.0 |
-0.4 |
5.0 |
5.4 |
Commercial equipment |
4234 |
754.7 |
-6.7 |
12.0 |
-4.3 |
2.5 |
7.2 |
4.5 |
Metals and minerals |
4235 |
135.5 |
2.6 |
5.1 |
-1.3 |
-3.8 |
3.7 |
7.8 |
Appliances and electric goods |
4236 |
375.3 |
-6.9 |
14.8 |
-5.6 |
1.4 |
8.4 |
6.8 |
Hardware and plumbing |
4237 |
315.8 |
-4.9 |
14.2 |
-3.5 |
1.5 |
10.2 |
8.6 |
Machinery and supplies |
4238 |
764.9 |
-2.7 |
9.6 |
1.0 |
3.9 |
10.7 |
6.6 |
Miscellaneous durable goods |
4239 |
334.3 |
-18.0 |
22.0 |
-14.1 |
4.7 |
4.8 |
0.0 |
|
Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods |
424 |
2,253.4 |
-0.6 |
4.5 |
1.6 |
2.2 |
6.2 |
3.9 |
Paper and paper products |
4241 |
116.7 |
3.6 |
9.0 |
-8.0 |
-11.2 |
0.3 |
13.0 |
Druggists' goods |
4242 |
262.3 |
6.5 |
-1.3 |
8.8 |
2.2 |
7.5 |
5.2 |
Apparel and piece goods |
4243 |
159.0 |
-15.8 |
16.8 |
-11.6 |
5.0 |
3.2 |
-1.7 |
Grocery and related products |
4244 |
829.2 |
-5.2 |
10.3 |
-1.9 |
3.5 |
8.3 |
4.6 |
Farm product raw materials |
4245 |
74.2 |
6.3 |
-0.1 |
4.9 |
-1.3 |
4.8 |
6.2 |
Chemicals |
4246 |
154.2 |
-2.2 |
6.6 |
-0.3 |
2.0 |
6.3 |
4.3 |
Petroleum |
4247 |
106.2 |
4.4 |
3.3 |
10.7 |
6.0 |
14.3 |
7.9 |
Alcoholic beverages |
4248 |
216.7 |
-9.0 |
10.0 |
-5.8 |
3.4 |
3.5 |
0.1 |
Miscellaneous nondurable goods |
4249 |
334.9 |
-7.2 |
8.3 |
-5.7 |
1.5 |
2.1 |
0.5 |
|
Electronic markets and agents and brokers |
425 |
518.7 |
1.5 |
-0.9 |
3.5 |
1.9 |
2.6 |
0.6 |
Electronic markets and agents and brokers |
4251 |
518.7 |
1.5 |
-0.9 |
3.5 |
1.9 |
2.6 |
0.6 |
|
Retail trade |
44-45 |
16,391.5 |
1.6 |
0.5 |
1.6 |
-0.1 |
2.1 |
2.2 |
|
Motor vehicle and parts dealers |
441 |
2,095.3 |
3.1 |
-4.9 |
4.0 |
0.9 |
-1.1 |
-2.0 |
Automobile dealers |
4411 |
1,313.2 |
3.6 |
-6.7 |
4.5 |
0.9 |
-2.5 |
-3.4 |
Other motor vehicle dealers |
4412 |
180.0 |
-4.0 |
-0.4 |
-2.1 |
2.0 |
-2.5 |
-4.4 |
Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores |
4413 |
602.1 |
3.6 |
1.8 |
4.4 |
0.7 |
6.3 |
5.5 |
|
Furniture and home furnishings stores |
442 |
448.9 |
0.3 |
3.4 |
-7.2 |
-7.4 |
-4.0 |
3.7 |
Furniture stores |
4421 |
221.1 |
2.3 |
1.4 |
-4.4 |
-6.5 |
-3.1 |
3.7 |
Home furnishings stores |
4422 |
227.8 |
-2.4 |
6.3 |
-10.6 |
-8.4 |
-5.0 |
3.8 |
|
Electronics and appliance stores |
443 |
428.2 |
10.2 |
-5.4 |
5.1 |
-4.7 |
-0.6 |
4.3 |
Electronics and appliance stores |
4431 |
428.2 |
10.2 |
-5.4 |
5.1 |
-4.7 |
-0.6 |
4.3 |
|
Building material and garden supply stores |
444 |
1,441.7 |
-1.4 |
5.2 |
-3.9 |
-2.6 |
1.0 |
3.7 |
Building material and supplies dealers |
4441 |
1,242.6 |
-3.1 |
6.6 |
-4.9 |
-1.9 |
1.3 |
3.3 |
Lawn and garden equipment and supplies stores |
4442 |
199.1 |
9.5 |
-3.4 |
2.5 |
-6.4 |
-1.0 |
5.8 |
|
Food and beverage stores |
445 |
3,259.7 |
-0.4 |
7.2 |
-1.3 |
-0.9 |
5.9 |
6.8 |
Grocery stores |
4451 |
2,810.4 |
0.2 |
6.7 |
-1.3 |
-1.4 |
5.3 |
6.9 |
Specialty food stores |
4452 |
248.1 |
-8.1 |
15.0 |
-3.4 |
5.1 |
11.1 |
5.8 |
Beer, wine and liquor stores |
4453 |
201.2 |
-1.0 |
8.0 |
-0.6 |
0.3 |
7.3 |
6.9 |
|
Health and personal care stores |
446 |
1,100.5 |
4.7 |
1.9 |
3.9 |
-0.8 |
5.9 |
6.8 |
Health and personal care stores |
4461 |
1,100.5 |
4.7 |
1.9 |
3.9 |
-0.8 |
5.9 |
6.8 |
|
Gasoline stations |
447 |
995.5 |
-7.5 |
11.9 |
-4.6 |
3.2 |
6.8 |
3.5 |
Gasoline stations |
4471 |
995.5 |
-7.5 |
11.9 |
-4.6 |
3.2 |
6.8 |
3.5 |
|
Clothing and clothing accessories stores |
448 |
1,173.8 |
2.1 |
3.7 |
0.2 |
-1.8 |
3.9 |
5.8 |
Clothing stores |
4481 |
859.6 |
6.3 |
2.1 |
4.1 |
-2.1 |
6.2 |
8.5 |
Shoe stores |
4482 |
175.2 |
-5.1 |
7.4 |
-3.5 |
1.7 |
3.6 |
1.9 |
Jewelry, luggage, and leather goods stores |
4483 |
139.0 |
-8.4 |
9.6 |
-12.4 |
-4.3 |
-3.9 |
0.4 |
|
Sports, hobby, music instruments, book stores |
451 |
611.1 |
1.4 |
5.3 |
-1.0 |
-2.4 |
4.3 |
6.9 |
Sporting goods and musical instrument stores |
4511 |
540.1 |
1.6 |
7.1 |
-1.0 |
-2.5 |
6.0 |
8.8 |
Book stores and news dealers |
4512 |
71.0 |
0.5 |
-7.1 |
-1.0 |
-1.5 |
-8.0 |
-6.6 |
|
General merchandise stores |
452 |
3,164.5 |
-5.9 |
4.4 |
-2.0 |
4.1 |
2.4 |
-1.7 |
Department stores |
4522 |
955.0 |
-7.5 |
6.7 |
-5.2 |
2.5 |
1.2 |
-1.2 |
Other general merchandise stores |
4523 |
2,209.5 |
-6.0 |
4.2 |
-1.4 |
4.9 |
2.8 |
-2.0 |
|
Miscellaneous store retailers |
453 |
956.4 |
3.0 |
-0.6 |
4.0 |
1.0 |
3.4 |
2.4 |
Florists |
4531 |
85.1 |
-2.4 |
0.4 |
8.4 |
11.0 |
8.8 |
-2.0 |
Office supplies, stationery and gift stores |
4532 |
220.3 |
-3.7 |
6.0 |
-4.8 |
-1.1 |
0.9 |
2.0 |
Used merchandise stores |
4533 |
244.3 |
3.3 |
2.3 |
3.7 |
0.3 |
6.0 |
5.7 |
Other miscellaneous store retailers |
4539 |
406.7 |
5.6 |
-3.2 |
6.2 |
0.6 |
2.9 |
2.3 |
|
Nonstore retailers |
454 |
715.9 |
12.3 |
-8.6 |
9.3 |
-2.7 |
-0.1 |
2.7 |
Electronic shopping and mail-order houses |
4541 |
495.5 |
14.2 |
-10.2 |
10.2 |
-3.5 |
-1.1 |
2.5 |
Vending machine operators |
4542 |
45.0 |
-16.4 |
23.6 |
-10.3 |
7.3 |
10.9 |
3.4 |
Direct selling establishments |
4543 |
175.4 |
5.0 |
0.9 |
2.2 |
-2.7 |
3.1 |
6.0 |
Last Modified Date: May 30, 2024
United States Department of Labor
