Table 1. Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, 2024-2025 annual averages

Table 1. Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, 2024-2025 annual averages [Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic	2024					2025
	Total employed	Members of unions(1)		Represented by unions(2)		Total employed	Members of unions(1)		Represented by unions(2)
	Total employed	Total	Percent of employed	Total	Percent of employed	Total employed	Total	Percent of employed	Total	Percent of employed
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	144,522	14,255	9.9	16,023	11.1	146,661	14,665	10.0	16,486	11.2
16 to 24 years	19,213	832	4.3	1,035	5.4	19,289	900	4.7	1,079	5.6
25 years and over	125,309	13,423	10.7	14,988	12.0	127,372	13,765	10.8	15,407	12.1
25 to 34 years	33,393	2,930	8.8	3,315	9.9	34,089	3,050	8.9	3,491	10.2
35 to 44 years	32,395	3,499	10.8	3,944	12.2	33,311	3,659	11.0	4,152	12.5
45 to 54 years	28,106	3,530	12.6	3,888	13.8	28,344	3,570	12.6	3,905	13.8
55 to 64 years	22,790	2,678	11.8	2,962	13.0	22,865	2,753	12.0	3,035	13.3
65 years and over	8,625	786	9.1	880	10.2	8,764	732	8.4	825	9.4

Men, 16 years and over	74,792	7,631	10.2	8,471	11.3	76,147	7,911	10.4	8,830	11.6
16 to 24 years	9,626	476	4.9	568	5.9	9,705	529	5.4	632	6.5
25 years and over	65,166	7,154	11.0	7,903	12.1	66,442	7,383	11.1	8,198	12.3
25 to 34 years	17,585	1,602	9.1	1,799	10.2	18,051	1,665	9.2	1,888	10.5
35 to 44 years	17,012	1,951	11.5	2,153	12.7	17,641	2,026	11.5	2,276	12.9
45 to 54 years	14,467	1,754	12.1	1,910	13.2	14,530	1,858	12.8	2,010	13.8
55 to 64 years	11,712	1,435	12.3	1,581	13.5	11,655	1,476	12.7	1,609	13.8
65 years and over	4,389	411	9.4	461	10.5	4,566	358	7.8	415	9.1

Women, 16 years and over	69,730	6,624	9.5	7,552	10.8	70,514	6,753	9.6	7,656	10.9
16 to 24 years	9,587	355	3.7	467	4.9	9,584	371	3.9	447	4.7
25 years and over	60,143	6,269	10.4	7,085	11.8	60,930	6,382	10.5	7,209	11.8
25 to 34 years	15,808	1,327	8.4	1,516	9.6	16,038	1,386	8.6	1,602	10.0
35 to 44 years	15,383	1,548	10.1	1,791	11.6	15,670	1,633	10.4	1,876	12.0
45 to 54 years	13,639	1,775	13.0	1,978	14.5	13,813	1,712	12.4	1,894	13.7
55 to 64 years	11,078	1,243	11.2	1,381	12.5	11,211	1,277	11.4	1,426	12.7
65 years and over	4,236	375	8.9	419	9.9	4,198	375	8.9	410	9.8

RACE, HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY, AND SEX
White, 16 years and over	109,472	10,509	9.6	11,843	10.8	109,963	10,836	9.9	12,140	11.0
Men	57,663	5,740	10.0	6,399	11.1	57,913	5,986	10.3	6,633	11.5
Women	51,809	4,769	9.2	5,444	10.5	52,050	4,850	9.3	5,507	10.6

Black or African American, 16 years and over	19,148	2,266	11.8	2,522	13.2	19,320	2,204	11.4	2,460	12.7
Men	8,976	1,153	12.8	1,250	13.9	9,220	1,140	12.4	1,265	13.7
Women	10,172	1,112	10.9	1,272	12.5	10,099	1,064	10.5	1,195	11.8

Asian, 16 years and over	10,162	869	8.5	997	9.8	11,157	975	8.7	1,156	10.4
Men	5,248	422	8.0	486	9.3	5,784	450	7.8	545	9.4
Women	4,914	447	9.1	510	10.4	5,373	524	9.8	611	11.4

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 16 years and over	28,224	2,407	8.5	2,746	9.7	29,434	2,606	8.9	2,926	9.9
Men	15,609	1,288	8.3	1,462	9.4	16,034	1,402	8.7	1,564	9.8
Women	12,616	1,118	8.9	1,284	10.2	13,399	1,204	9.0	1,362	10.2

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS(3)
Full-time workers	120,053	12,857	10.7	14,408	12.0	121,470	13,231	10.9	14,824	12.2
Part-time workers	24,307	1,388	5.7	1,601	6.6	25,000	1,422	5.7	1,648	6.6
Footnotes (1) Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union. (2) Data refer to both union members and workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract. (3) The distinction between full- and part-time workers is based on hours usually worked. These data will not sum to totals because full- or part-time status on the principal job is not identifiable for a small number of multiple jobholders.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time wage and salary workers. All self-employed workers are excluded, both those with incorporated businesses as well as those with unincorporated businesses. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Annual estimates for 2025 are 11-month averages that exclude October. (Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown.) As a result, 2025 annual estimates are not strictly comparable with annual averages for other years.

Table of Contents

Last Modified Date: February 18, 2026