Over 37,000 nonfatal workplace injuries and illnesses were reported among Alabama’s private industry employers in 2014, resulting in an incidence rate of 2.9 cases per 100 equivalent full-time workers, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. (See table A.) Regional Commissioner Janet S. Rankin noted that Alabama was among 14 states and the District of Columbia that had an incidence rate of total recordable cases (TRC) significantly lower than the national rate of 3.2. (Alabama was 1 of 41 states and the District of Columbia for which statewide estimates are available. See Technical Note at the end of this release for more information about the survey.)

Alabama’s findings from the 2014 Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses include:

• TRC incidence rates in private industry ranged from 1.1 in professional and business services to 4.0 in manufacturing. (See table 1.)
• Two supersectors accounted for 56 percent of the occupational injuries and illnesses: manufacturing; and trade, transportation, and utilities. (See table 2.)
• In private industry, the TRC injury and illness incidence rate ranged from 1.0 for small establishments (those employing fewer than 11 workers) to 3.9 for mid-size establishments (those employing between 50 and 249 workers). (See table 3.)
• Alabama’s private industry TRC rate of 2.9 in 2014 was significantly lower than the rate of 3.3 recorded in the state in 2013. (See table 4.)

Table A. Number and rate of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses in private industry, United States and Alabama, 2014

Characteristic	United States		Alabama
	Number (in thousands)	Rate (per 100 workers)	Number (in thousands)	Rate (per 100 workers)
Total cases	2,953.5	3.2	37.2	2.9
Cases with days away from work, job transfer, or restriction	1,580.0	1.7	19.8	1.5
Cases with days away from work	916.4	1.0	10.4	0.8
Cases with job transfer or restriction	663.6	0.7	9.4	0.7
Other recordable cases	1,373.5	1.5	17.4	1.4

Private industry injury and illness case types

Of the 37,200 private industry injury and illness cases reported in Alabama, 19,800 were of a more severe nature, involving days away from work, job transfer, or restriction—commonly referred to as DART cases. These cases occurred at a rate of 1.5 cases per 100 full-time workers. Fifty-three percent of the DART cases in Alabama were incidents that resulted in at least one day away from work, compared with 58 percent nationally. Other recordable cases (those not involving days away from work, job transfer, or restriction) accounted for the remaining 17,400 cases in Alabama, at a rate of 1.4. In comparison, the national rate for other recordable cases was 1.5.

In Alabama, education and health services was the only supersector to experience a significant decline in the TRC and DART incidence rates from 2013. No supersector had a significant increase in its TRC or DART incidence rate over the year.

In 2014, approximately 35,600 (95.7 percent) of private industry recordable injuries and illnesses were injuries. Workplace illnesses accounted for an additional 1,600 recordable cases. Three categories—skin disorders, hearing loss, and respiratory conditions—accounted for 31 percent of the occupational illnesses in Alabama. Nationally, these three categories amounted to 36 percent of the work-related illness total.

State estimates and over-the-year change

For 2014, occupational injury and illness estimates are available for 41 states and the District of Columbia. Nineteen states had private industry TRC incidence rates higher than the national rate of 3.2 cases per 100 full-time workers in 2014. (See chart 1.) Alabama was among the 14 states and the District of Columbia that had TRC rates lower than the national rate. The TRC rates in eight states were about the same as the national rate. Factors such as differences in the composition of industry employment may influence state incidence rates and should be considered when comparing rates among states.

Compared to 2013, private industry TRC incidence rates declined in 10 states, including Alabama. Thirty-one states and the District of Columbia had private industry TRC incidence rates that were relatively unchanged over the year. Estimates for nine states were not available in 2014 for comparison.

Technical Note

The Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses (SOII) is based on employer reports of OSHA-recordable injuries. Survey data are collected and processed by state agencies cooperating with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The survey measures nonfatal workplace injuries and illnesses, only, and excludes the self-employed; farms with fewer than 11 employees; private households; and federal government agencies.

Employer reports reflect not only the year’s injury and illness experience, but also employers’ understanding of which cases are work-related under recordkeeping rules revised by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor and made effective on January 1, 2002.

The number of injuries and illnesses reported any year can be influenced by the level of economic activity, working conditions and work practices, worker experience and training, and the number of hours worked.

The incidence rates presented in this release represent the number of injuries and/or illnesses per 100 full-time equivalent workers and were calculated as:

     (N / EH) X 200,000 where,

     N = number of injuries and/or illnesses

     EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year

     200,000 = base for 100 full-time equivalent workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year)

Background and methodological information regarding the BLS occupational safety and health statistics program, including information such as changes in the definition of recordable cases due to revised recordkeeping requirements in 2002 and the inherent underreporting of illnesses, can be found in Chapter 9 of the BLS Handbook of Methods at https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch9.pdf.

Additional occupational injury and illness data are available from our regional web page at https://www.bls.gov/regions/southeast/subjects.htm#tab-4.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 800-877-8339.

Table 1. Incidence rates of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses by industry sector and case type, Alabama, 2014

Industry (1)(2)(3)	Total recordable cases	Cases with days away from work, job transfer, or restriction			Other recordable cases
		Total	Cases with days away from work (4)	Cases with job transfer or restriction
All industries including state and local government	3.0	1.5	0.8	0.7	1.5
Private industry	2.9	1.5	0.8	0.7	1.4
Goods-producing	3.5	2.0	1.0	1.0	1.5
Natural resources and mining	2.3	1.5	1.2	0.2	0.8
Construction	2.2	1.4	0.9	0.4	0.8
Manufacturing	4.0	2.3	1.0	1.3	1.8
Service-providing	2.6	1.3	0.7	0.6	1.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	3.3	2.0	1.0	1.0	1.3
Information	1.4	1.1	0.8	0.2	0.4
Financial activities	(5)	(5)	(5)	(5)	(5)
Professional and business services	1.1	0.6	0.5	0.2	0.4
Education and health services	3.8	1.6	0.7	0.8	2.3
Leisure and hospitality	3.2	1.4	1.0	0.4	1.9
Other services, except public administration	1.2	0.7	0.5	0.2	0.6
State and local government	--	--	--	--	--
State government	--	--	--	--	--
Local government	4.0	1.7	1.1	0.6	2.3
Footnotes: (1) Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. (2) Data for mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Classification System, 2012 edition) include establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) rules and reporting, such as those in oil and gas extraction and related support activities. Data for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. These data do not reflect the changes the Occupational Safety and Health Administration made to its recordkeeping requirements effective January 1, 2002; therefore estimates for these industries are not comparable to estimates in other industries. (3) Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. (4) Days-away-from-work cases include those that result in days away from work with or without job transfer or restriction. (5) No data available for selected year.
Note: Dashes indicate data do not meet publication guidelines. Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 100 full-time workers and were calculated as: (N/EH) x 200,000 where: N = number of injuries and illnesses; EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year; and 200,000 = base for 100 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year).

Table 2. Numbers of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses by selected industries and case types, Alabama, 2014 (numbers in thousands)

Industry (1)(2)(3)	Total recordable cases	Cases with days away from work, job transfer, or restriction			Other recordable cases
		Total	Cases with days away from work (4)	Cases with job transfer or restriction
All industries including state and local government	46.0	23.2	12.5	10.6	22.8
Private industry	37.2	19.8	10.4	9.4	17.4
Goods-producing	12.6	7.2	3.5	3.7	5.3
Natural resources and mining	0.4	0.3	0.2	(5)	0.2
Construction	1.7	1.1	0.7	0.4	0.6
Manufacturing	10.5	5.9	2.6	3.3	4.6
Service-providing	24.6	12.5	6.9	5.7	12.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	10.5	6.3	3.1	3.2	4.2
Information	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1
Financial activities	(6)	(6)	(6)	(6)	(6)
Professional and business services	1.7	1.1	0.8	0.2	0.7
Education and health services	7.0	2.9	1.3	1.5	4.1
Leisure and hospitality	3.8	1.6	1.2	0.4	2.2
Other services, except public administration	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2
State and local government	--	--	--	--	--
State government	--	--	--	--	--
Local government	7.3	3.1	1.9	1.2	4.2
Footnotes: (1) Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. (2) Data for mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Classification System, 2012 edition) include establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) rules and reporting, such as those in oil and gas extraction and related support activities. Data for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. These data do not reflect the changes the Occupational Safety and Health Administration made to its recordkeeping requirements effective January 1, 2002; therefore estimates for these industries are not comparable to estimates in other industries. (3) Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. (4) Days-away-from-work cases include those that result in days away from work with or without job transfer or restriction. (5) Data too small to be displayed. (6) No data available for selected year.
Note: Dashes indicate data do not meet publication guidelines.

Table 3. Incidence rates of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses by industry sector and employment size, Alabama, 2014

Industry (1)(2)(3)	All establishments	Establishment employment size (workers)
		1 to 10	11 to 49	50 to 249	250 to 999	1,000 or more
All industries including state and local government	3.0	1.0	2.6	3.7	3.8	3.2
Private industry	2.9	1.0	2.5	3.9	3.5	3.3
Goods-producing	3.5	1.2	3.5	4.2	3.6	3.2
Natural resources and mining	2.3	(4)	1.9	2.6	4.4	4.0
Construction	2.2	(4)	3.0	2.2	1.0	(4)
Manufacturing	4.0	1.3	4.5	5.0	3.8	3.2
Service-providing	2.6	1.0	2.3	3.7	3.3	3.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	3.3	1.0	3.4	4.6	3.7	(4)
Information	1.4	(5)	2.5	1.1	(5)	(4)
Financial activities	(4)	(4)	(4)	(4)	0.8	0.4
Professional and business services	1.1	(4)	1.1	1.5	1.1	(5)
Education and health services	3.8	(4)	1.9	5.2	5.8	5.5
Leisure and hospitality	3.2	(4)	2.8	4.1	5.3	(4)
Other services, except public administration	1.2	(5)	2.0	3.3	(5)	(4)
State and local government	--	--	--	--	--	--
State government	--	--	--	--	--	--
Local government	4.0	(4)	(4)	3.5	5.0	3.2
Footnotes: (1) Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. (2) Data for mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Classification System, 2012 edition) include establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) rules and reporting, such as those in oil and gas extraction and related support activities. Data for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. These data do not reflect the changes the Occupational Safety and Health Administration made to its recordkeeping requirements effective January 1, 2002; therefore estimates for these industries are not comparable to estimates in other industries. (3) Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. (4) No data available for selected year. (5) Data too small to be displayed.
Note: Dashes indicate data do not meet publication guidelines. Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 100 full-time workers and were calculated as: (N/EH) x 200,000 where: N = number of injuries and illnesses; EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year; and 200,000 = base for 100 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year).

Table 4. Incidence rates of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses by industry sector and selected case type with measures of statistical significance, Alabama, 2013–2014

Industry (1)(2)(3)(4)	Total recordable cases		Cases with days away from work, job transfer, or restriction
	2013	2014	2013	2014
All industries including state and local government	3.2	3.0	1.6	1.5
Private industry	3.3	2.9*	1.7	1.5*
Goods-producing	3.8	3.5	2.1	2.0
Natural resources and mining	3.0	2.3	2.2	1.5
Construction	3.1	2.2	1.7	1.4
Manufacturing	4.0	4.0	2.2	2.3
Service-providing	3.1	2.6*	1.5	1.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	3.5	3.3	2.0	2.0
Information	(5)	1.4	(5)	1.1
Financial activities	1.7	(5)	0.7	(5)
Professional and business services	1.5	1.1	0.6	0.6
Education and health services	5.0	3.8*	2.2	1.6*
Leisure and hospitality	3.4	3.2	1.3	1.4
Other services, except public administration	1.1	1.2	0.5	0.7
State and local government	--	--	--	--
State government	--	--	--	--
Local government	3.2	4.0	1.1	1.7
Footnotes: (1) Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. (2) Estimates for 2014 represent a break in series as a result of the incorporation of the 2012 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Comparison of estimates for 2014 and the prior year is not advised below the sector level due to changes in industry classification. (3) Data for mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Classification System, 2012 edition) include establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) rules and reporting, such as those in oil and gas extraction and related support activities. Data for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. These data do not reflect the changes the Occupational Safety and Health Administration made to its recordkeeping requirements effective January 1, 2002; therefore estimates for these industries are not comparable to estimates in other industries. (4) Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. (5) No data available for selected year.
Note: Dashes indicate data do not meet publication guidelines. Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 100 full-time workers and were calculated as: (N/EH) x 200,000 where: N = number of injuries and illnesses; EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year; and 200,000 = base for 100 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). * An asterisk indicates a significant difference between the current year and prior year values, when testing at 95% confidence level.