Employment–population ratio
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Employment-population ratio, seasonally adjusted
Month
Total
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
16 to 19 years old
White
Black or African American
Asian
Hispanic or Latino
Nov 2004
62.5 72.1 57.4 37.1 63.2 57.2 63.9 63.7
Dec 2004
62.4 72.0 57.4 36.4 63.2 57.0 63.2 63.7
Jan 2005
62.4 71.9 57.5 36.3 63.2 56.9 63.5 63.5
Feb 2005
62.4 72.1 57.4 35.7 63.2 56.6 63.3 63.8
Mar 2005
62.4 72.2 57.4 36.5 63.2 57.0 63.1 64.2
Apr 2005
62.7 72.5 57.5 36.2 63.4 57.5 63.1 63.7
May 2005
62.8 72.7 57.6 36.2 63.5 58.0 63.0 64.1
June 2005
62.7 72.7 57.5 36.5 63.3 58.1 62.9 64.1
July 2005
62.8 72.7 57.6 36.6 63.5 58.6 63.2 64.1
Aug 2005
62.9 72.8 57.7 37.0 63.6 58.3 63.6 64.1
Sept 2005
62.8 72.5 57.8 36.7 63.4 58.2 63.4 63.5
Oct 2005
62.8 72.5 57.8 36.3 63.4 58.6 64.8 64.0
Nov 2005
62.7 72.3 57.7 36.6 63.4 57.5 63.9 64.1
Dec 2005
62.8 72.4 57.8 36.8 63.5 57.7 63.5 64.3
Jan 2006
62.9 72.8 57.7 37.0 63.7 57.8 63.8 65.2
Feb 2006
63.0 72.8 57.8 37.4 63.7 58.3 64.4 65.3
Mar 2006
63.1 72.9 57.8 37.2 63.7 58.5 64.3 65.3
Apr 2006
63.0 72.9 57.8 37.0 63.7 58.2 63.9 65.1
May 2006
63.1 72.8 58.0 37.3 63.7 58.6 63.6 65.3
June 2006
63.1 72.8 58.1 37.4 63.8 58.1 63.8 65.5
July 2006
63.0 72.4 58.2 36.9 63.8 57.9 64.1 64.9
Aug 2006
63.1 72.7 58.2 36.5 63.8 58.5 63.6 64.6
Sept 2006
63.1 73.1 58.0 36.0 63.7 57.9 65.1 64.3
Oct 2006
63.3 73.0 58.3 36.9 63.9 58.7 65.1 65.3
Nov 2006
63.3 73.0 58.2 37.2 63.9 58.8 64.5 65.2
Dec 2006
63.4 73.2 58.4 37.0 64.1 59.2 64.7 65.8
Jan 2007
63.3 73.1 58.3 36.5 63.9 59.4 64.4 65.5
Feb 2007
63.3 73.0 58.4 35.9 63.9 59.0 64.2 65.3
Mar 2007
63.3 73.1 58.5 35.5 64.0 58.5 64.1 65.5
Apr 2007
63.0 73.0 58.0 34.7 63.6 58.4 63.8 65.1
May 2007
63.0 72.9 58.2 34.2 63.7 58.2 64.3 64.7
June 2007
63.0 72.8 58.2 35.0 63.7 58.1 64.6 64.7
July 2007
62.9 72.6 58.2 34.7 63.5 58.8 64.9 64.7
Aug 2007
62.7 72.5 58.2 33.2 63.3 58.7 64.8 65.3
Sept 2007
62.9 72.5 58.3 34.6 63.5 58.4 63.6 64.8
Oct 2007
62.7 72.3 58.0 35.0 63.5 57.9 63.9 64.7
Nov 2007
62.9 72.7 58.1 34.8 63.6 57.8 65.0 64.7
Dec 2007
62.7 72.5 58.0 34.3 63.5 57.8 64.2 64.3
Jan 2008
62.9 72.7 58.2 33.9 63.6 58.2 65.2 64.3
Feb 2008
62.8 72.6 58.1 33.4 63.4 58.3 65.0 64.4
Mar 2008
62.7 72.4 58.2 33.6 63.3 58.1 64.8 63.9
Apr 2008
62.7 72.2 58.1 34.3 63.2 58.4 65.6 63.9
May 2008
62.5 71.9 58.1 34.1 63.2 57.6 64.5 64.3
June 2008
62.4 71.8 58.1 32.8 63.1 57.6 64.1 63.6
July 2008
62.2 71.7 58.0 32.1 63.0 57.4 64.7 63.3
Aug 2008
62.0 71.4 57.8 32.4 62.7 57.5 64.3 63.3
Sept 2008
61.9 71.1 57.8 32.4 62.6 56.5 64.1 63.0
Oct 2008
61.7 70.8 57.8 31.8 62.5 56.3 64.1 62.2
Nov 2008
61.4 70.4 57.6 30.8 62.1 55.8 63.0 61.9
Dec 2008
61.0 69.8 57.4 30.6 61.7 55.8 62.8 61.6
Jan 2009
60.6 69.3 57.0 30.5 61.4 55.2 61.5 61.1
Feb 2009
60.3 68.8 56.9 30.3 61.2 54.3 61.5 60.5
Mar 2009
59.9 68.2 56.7 29.6 60.7 53.8 61.4 60.3
Apr 2009
59.8 68.1 56.7 29.5 60.7 53.6 61.8 60.7
May 2009
59.6 67.8 56.4 29.5 60.5 53.4 61.6 59.7
June 2009
59.4 67.7 56.3 28.9 60.3 53.3 61.4 59.6
July 2009
59.3 67.5 56.3 28.6 60.2 53.5 61.8 59.9
Aug 2009
59.1 67.3 56.1 27.9 60.0 52.9 61.3 58.9
Sept 2009
58.7 67.0 55.8 27.3 59.6 52.3 60.9 59.2
Oct 2009
58.5 66.8 55.7 26.1 59.5 52.0 60.6 58.9
Nov 2009
58.6 66.8 55.8 26.3 59.4 52.3 60.5 59.3
Dec 2009
58.3 66.4 55.4 26.2 59.2 52.0 59.9 58.6
Jan 2010
58.5 66.5 55.8 26.0 59.6 52.0 58.9 59.3
Feb 2010
58.5 66.5 55.7 26.4 59.5 52.1 59.0 59.5
Mar 2010
58.5 66.7 55.6 26.5 59.5 52.0 59.5 59.3
Apr 2010
58.7 67.1 55.6 26.7 59.7 52.3 61.1 59.1
May 2010
58.6 67.1 55.6 26.2 59.6 53.0 59.9 59.3
June 2010
58.5 67.0 55.6 25.1 59.5 52.5 60.0 58.9
July 2010
58.5 67.0 55.5 25.5 59.5 52.3 59.8 59.3
Aug 2010
58.6 67.1 55.4 26.1 59.6 52.3 60.2 59.3
Sept 2010
58.5 67.0 55.4 25.3 59.5 51.9 59.9 59.3
Oct 2010
58.3 66.8 55.3 25.5 59.2 52.3 60.5 58.6
Nov 2010
58.2 66.4 55.3 26.1 59.0 52.4 59.8 58.4
Dec 2010
58.3 66.7 55.3 25.6 59.2 52.4 59.7 58.3
Jan 2011
58.3 66.7 55.3 25.7 59.4 51.9 60.5 58.9
Feb 2011
58.4 66.9 55.1 25.7 59.3 51.9 60.4 58.3
Mar 2011
58.4 66.9 55.3 25.9 59.5 51.6 60.5 58.7
Apr 2011
58.4 66.9 55.2 25.5 59.5 51.3 60.0 58.6
May 2011
58.3 67.0 55.0 25.4 59.5 51.1 60.3 58.3
June 2011
58.2 66.8 54.9 25.5 59.3 51.2 60.2 58.6
July 2011
58.2 66.8 55.0 25.2 59.3 51.0 59.5 58.7
Aug 2011
58.3 67.0 55.0 26.1 59.4 51.5 59.2 59.2
Sept 2011
58.4 67.0 55.0 26.1 59.4 52.3 59.2 59.2
Oct 2011
58.4 67.0 55.1 26.1 59.3 52.5 60.1 59.4
Nov 2011
58.6 67.4 55.0 26.3 59.5 51.8 60.1 59.1
Dec 2011
58.6 67.5 54.9 26.3 59.5 52.3 60.2 59.4
Jan 2012
58.4 67.6 54.8 25.6 59.4 52.8 59.9 59.2
Feb 2012
58.5 67.6 54.9 25.8 59.5 53.0 59.0 59.5
Mar 2012
58.5 67.5 55.0 25.6 59.4 53.2 59.2 59.3
Apr 2012
58.4 67.4 54.9 25.6 59.3 53.2 59.1 59.6
May 2012
58.5 67.5 55.0 25.8 59.4 53.0 60.0 59.7
June 2012
58.6 67.4 55.0 26.6 59.4 53.1 60.3 59.6
July 2012
58.5 67.4 54.8 26.7 59.2 52.8 60.7 59.7
Aug 2012
58.4 67.3 54.9 26.0 59.2 52.9 59.9 59.4
Sept 2012
58.7 67.6 55.1 26.1 59.5 52.9 60.9 59.8
Oct 2012
58.8 67.8 55.1 26.3 59.6 53.4 60.4 59.7
Nov 2012
58.7 67.7 55.0 26.4 59.5 53.2 60.7 59.2
Dec 2012
58.7 67.7 54.9 25.9 59.5 52.7 61.3 59.5
Jan 2013
58.6 67.6 54.7 26.8 59.4 53.3 60.8 59.8
Feb 2013
58.6 67.7 54.8 25.8 59.3 53.2 60.9 59.8
Mar 2013
58.5 67.6 54.7 25.8 59.3 53.3 61.0 59.3
Apr 2013
58.6 67.5 55.0 25.8 59.4 53.3 60.6 59.8
May 2013
58.6 67.5 55.0 26.3 59.4 53.5 60.8 60.5
June 2013
58.6 67.5 55.0 26.6 59.4 52.9 62.2 60.3
July 2013
58.7 67.5 55.1 26.8 59.5 53.5 61.0 60.4
Aug 2013
58.7 67.2 55.3 26.7 59.4 53.0 61.4 60.2
Sept 2013
58.7 67.3 55.1 27.4 59.4 53.3 61.8 60.0
Oct 2013
58.3 66.9 54.7 26.6 59.1 52.8 60.8 59.7
Nov 2013
58.6 67.4 54.8 27.1 59.4 53.0 61.3 60.2
Dec 2013
58.7 67.5 55.0 26.8 59.5 53.1 61.8 60.0
Jan 2014
58.8 67.5 55.2 26.4 59.6 53.3 60.9 60.4
Feb 2014
58.7 67.4 55.4 25.6 59.6 53.7 60.2 60.6
Mar 2014
58.9 67.8 55.2 26.9 59.6 53.9 60.7 60.9
Apr 2014
58.9 67.6 55.2 26.8 59.7 53.9 59.8 60.8
May 2014
58.9 67.6 55.2 27.2 59.7 53.9 60.1 60.7
June 2014
59.0 67.9 55.3 26.8 59.7 54.4 59.9 61.2
July 2014
59.0 67.9 55.2 27.3 59.7 54.5 60.2 60.9
Aug 2014
59.0 68.0 55.1 27.2 59.8 54.1 60.9 61.2
Sept 2014
59.1 68.1 55.1 27.3 59.8 54.8 60.6 61.6
Oct 2014
59.3 68.1 55.3 29.0 60.0 54.8 60.6 62.0
Nov 2014
59.2 67.8 55.4 29.0 59.9 54.7 60.2 62.0
Dec 2014
59.3 68.1 55.3 28.7 59.9 54.9 60.6 61.9
Jan 2015
59.3 68.1 55.4 28.3 60.1 54.6 60.1 62.1
Feb 2015
59.2 68.1 55.3 28.6 59.9 54.8 60.6 61.7
Mar 2015
59.2 68.1 55.2 28.6 59.8 55.0 60.4 61.7
Apr 2015
59.3 68.2 55.3 28.7 59.8 56.2 60.5 61.8
May 2015
59.4 68.3 55.4 28.8 60.0 55.8 61.1 61.8
June 2015
59.4 68.2 55.5 27.9 59.9 55.9 60.3 61.7
July 2015
59.3 68.3 55.3 28.2 59.9 55.9 60.2 61.4
Aug 2015
59.4 68.2 55.5 28.1 59.9 55.9 60.3 61.3
Sept 2015
59.2 68.1 55.2 28.2 59.8 55.7 59.9 61.3
Oct 2015
59.3 68.1 55.4 28.5 59.9 55.9 59.6 61.5
Nov 2015
59.4 67.9 55.6 28.6 59.9 55.8 60.7 61.3
Dec 2015
59.6 68.2 55.7 29.6 60.0 56.4 60.7 61.4
Jan 2016
59.7 68.4 55.7 29.4 60.3 56.1 60.1 61.9
Feb 2016
59.8 68.6 55.7 29.7 60.3 56.2 60.6 62.4
Mar 2016
59.8 68.7 55.8 29.4 60.4 56.0 60.8 62.6
Apr 2016
59.7 68.6 55.6 29.8 60.3 55.8 61.4 61.7
May 2016
59.7 68.4 55.7 29.8 60.3 56.1 60.7 61.9
June 2016
59.7 68.6 55.6 28.9 60.2 56.1 61.0 61.9
July 2016
59.8 68.5 55.7 29.9 60.3 56.1 61.2 62.3
Aug 2016
59.8 68.5 55.7 30.5 60.2 56.9 60.6 62.5
Sept 2016
59.7 68.4 55.7 29.9 60.1 56.7 61.0 61.9
Oct 2016
59.7 68.4 55.7 29.6 60.0 56.5 61.5 61.8
Nov 2016
59.7 68.4 55.7 29.8 60.1 57.0 61.0 61.8
Dec 2016
59.7 68.4 55.7 29.8 60.0 57.1 61.0 61.8
Jan 2017
59.9 68.6 55.8 30.1 60.1 57.6 61.5 62.2
Feb 2017
60.0 68.6 56.0 30.0 60.3 57.3 61.4 62.7
Mar 2017
60.2 68.6 56.3 31.0 60.5 57.3 61.0 63.3
Apr 2017
60.2 68.9 56.2 30.7 60.5 57.7 61.6 62.8
May 2017
60.1 68.7 56.1 30.1 60.4 57.8 61.6 62.8
June 2017
60.1 68.7 56.1 31.1 60.4 57.7 61.3 62.9
July 2017
60.2 68.7 56.3 30.2 60.5 57.7 61.7 63.1
Aug 2017
60.1 68.7 56.2 30.4 60.4 57.3 61.7 62.5
Sept 2017
60.4 69.0 56.3 31.2 60.6 58.2 62.0 63.1
Oct 2017
60.1 68.8 56.1 29.7 60.3 57.4 61.7 62.2
Nov 2017
60.1 68.8 56.2 29.1 60.4 57.7 61.0 62.3
Dec 2017
60.1 68.9 56.0 29.8 60.4 58.0 61.1 62.4
Jan 2018
60.1 68.9 56.0 30.6 60.5 57.4 61.1 62.5
Feb 2018
60.4 69.2 56.2 31.0 60.7 58.6 60.9 62.9
Mar 2018
60.4 69.2 56.2 30.9 60.6 58.4 61.3 62.5
Apr 2018
60.4 69.1 56.2 30.4 60.7 57.9 61.5 63.3
May 2018
60.5 69.3 56.3 30.3 60.8 58.5 61.5 63.2
June 2018
60.5 69.0 56.4 31.0 60.7 58.3 61.6 63.5
July 2018
60.6 69.1 56.6 30.7 60.8 58.4 61.9 63.9
Aug 2018
60.3 68.9 56.4 28.9 60.4 58.2 61.7 62.8
Sept 2018
60.4 68.9 56.5 30.4 60.5 58.7 61.9 63.0
Oct 2018
60.5 68.9 56.6 31.1 60.7 58.6 61.9 63.2
Nov 2018
60.6 69.1 56.7 30.8 60.8 58.4 62.3 63.6
Dec 2018
60.6 68.9 56.7 31.2 60.8 58.0 61.5 64.0
Jan 2019
60.6 69.0 56.7 30.8 60.7 58.4 62.4 64.0
Feb 2019
60.7 69.1 57.0 30.0 60.9 58.0 62.5 63.6
Mar 2019
60.6 69.0 56.7 30.9 60.9 57.7 62.1 63.7
Apr 2019
60.5 69.1 56.7 29.4 60.8 58.2 61.3 63.2
May 2019
60.6 69.3 56.6 29.9 60.8 58.5 61.5 63.5
June 2019
60.7 69.2 56.7 31.2 60.9 58.3 62.4 63.6
July 2019
60.8 69.3 56.6 31.9 60.9 59.1 61.8 63.6
Aug 2019
60.8 69.3 56.9 30.8 60.9 59.0 62.1 63.9
Sept 2019
61.0 69.3 57.3 30.8 61.1 59.3 62.5 64.5
Oct 2019
61.0 69.2 57.3 31.2 61.1 59.1 63.5 64.5
Nov 2019
61.0 69.4 57.1 31.6 61.2 58.9 63.0 64.6
Dec 2019
61.1 69.3 57.3 31.4 61.2 59.4 61.9 64.3
Jan 2020
61.1 69.3 57.3 31.7 61.3 58.8 61.8 65.0
Feb 2020
61.1 69.1 57.5 32.4 61.3 59.2 62.8 64.8
Mar 2020
59.8 67.9 56.1 30.6 60.1 57.3 61.0 63.0
Apr 2020
51.2 59.6 47.6 20.1 51.7 48.6 52.0 51.2
May 2020
52.7 61.1 48.8 23.1 53.5 49.5 51.7 52.9
June 2020
54.7 62.8 51.0 25.9 55.5 50.9 53.2 55.8
July 2020
55.2 63.2 51.5 26.9 55.8 51.6 55.7 56.6
Aug 2020
56.5 64.6 52.7 28.2 57.2 52.6 56.9 58.3
Sept 2020
56.6 64.8 52.5 30.2 57.3 52.8 57.4 58.3
Oct 2020
57.5 65.4 53.5 31.1 58.1 53.9 58.2 59.8
Nov 2020
57.4 65.2 53.7 30.8 57.9 54.2 58.7 59.9
Dec 2020
57.4 65.3 53.7 30.2 57.9 54.0 58.4 59.3
Jan 2021
57.4 65.4 53.6 30.4 57.8 54.6 58.5 59.4
Feb 2021
57.5 65.2 53.8 31.3 58.0 54.0 59.4 59.9
Mar 2021
57.7 65.3 54.1 31.3 58.1 54.6 59.1 60.2
Apr 2021
57.9 65.5 54.0 32.6 58.2 55.0 59.0 60.1
May 2021
58.0 65.6 54.1 33.0 58.3 55.3 59.5 60.3
June 2021
58.1 65.8 54.2 31.8 58.2 56.0 59.9 60.6
July 2021
58.4 66.2 54.5 32.5 58.6 55.9 60.8 61.4
Aug 2021
58.6 66.5 54.6 32.1 58.7 56.3 61.2 61.5
Sept 2021
58.8 66.8 54.8 32.5 58.9 56.7 61.8 61.6
Oct 2021
59.0 67.0 55.0 32.2 59.1 56.5 62.8 62.0
Nov 2021
59.3 67.4 55.3 32.3 59.4 56.9 63.0 63.0
Dec 2021
59.6 67.5 55.7 32.2 59.7 56.6 62.4 62.9
Jan 2022
59.7 67.4 56.0 32.5 59.9 57.6 62.0 63.2
Feb 2022
59.8 67.9 55.9 32.2 60.1 57.9 61.0 63.7
Mar 2022
60.1 67.9 56.3 33.1 60.3 58.0 62.2 63.6
Apr 2022
59.9 67.8 56.1 32.7 59.9 58.4 62.3 63.3
May 2022
60.0 67.9 56.3 32.7 59.9 59.0 63.2 63.5
June 2022
59.9 67.7 56.2 32.7 59.9 58.6 62.6 63.6
July 2022
60.0 67.7 56.4 32.1 59.9 58.4 63.0 63.1
Aug 2022
60.1 67.7 56.4 33.8 60.1 58.1 63.5 63.8
Sept 2022
60.1 68.1 56.2 32.7 60.1 58.7 63.3 63.5
Oct 2022
60.0 68.1 56.0 32.7 60.0 58.5 63.1 63.4
Nov 2022
59.9 67.9 55.8 33.4 59.8 58.8 63.2 63.1
Dec 2022
60.1 68.2 56.2 33.1 60.2 58.9 62.8 63.6
Jan 2023
60.2 67.8 56.6 33.2 60.2 59.5 62.3 63.3
Feb 2023
60.2 67.9 56.6 33.3 60.1 59.7 62.9 63.3
Mar 2023
60.4 68.1 56.7 33.6 60.2 60.7 63.0 63.7
Apr 2023
60.4 68.0 56.8 33.6 60.3 59.9 63.0 63.8
May 2023
60.3 67.9 56.7 32.9 60.2 59.6 63.1 64.1
June 2023
60.3 68.1 56.8 32.3 60.4 58.9 63.4 64.4
July 2023
60.4 68.1 56.9 31.8 60.3 59.2 64.0 64.3
Aug 2023
60.4 68.0 57.1 32.4 60.4 59.4 63.5 63.9
Sept 2023
60.4 68.0 57.0 32.3 60.3 59.4 63.8 64.1
Oct 2023
60.3 67.6 56.9 32.9 60.1 59.3 63.3 63.8
Nov 2023
60.4 68.0 56.9 33.2 60.3 60.0 62.7 63.9
Dec 2023
60.1 67.9 56.5 32.6 59.9 60.1 61.9 63.4
Jan 2024
60.2 67.7 56.9 32.6 60.0 60.0 62.6 63.5
Feb 2024
60.1 67.6 56.9 32.0 59.9 60.1 62.3 63.7
Mar 2024
60.3 67.8 56.8 33.4 60.2 59.5 62.5 63.8
Apr 2024
60.2 67.6 57.0 33.2 60.2 59.6 62.9 64.1
May 2024
60.1 67.3 56.8 33.4 60.0 59.1 63.3 64.0
June 2024
60.1 67.8 56.5 32.9 60.0 58.8 63.2 64.2
July 2024
60.0 67.7 56.6 31.9 60.0 59.2 63.3 63.7
Aug 2024
60.0 67.5 57.0 30.6 60.0 58.9 62.7 64.1
Sept 2024
60.2 67.8 56.8 31.9 60.1 59.3 62.6 64.0
Oct 2024
60.0 67.8 56.6 30.9 59.8 59.3 62.9 63.5
Nov 2024
59.8 67.5 56.4 31.4 59.8 58.5 62.3 63.3
United States Department of Labor
