Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage by selected characteristics : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

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HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
44. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage by selected characteristics [Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic	2023
	Workers paid hourly rates
	Total	Below prevailing Federal minimum wage	At prevailing Federal minimum wage	Total at or below prevailing Federal minimum wage
	Total	Below prevailing Federal minimum wage	At prevailing Federal minimum wage	Number	Percent of hourly-paid workers
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	80,538	789	81	869	1.1
16 to 24 years	16,591	339	47	386	2.3
25 years and over	63,947	449	34	483	0.8

Men, 16 years and over	40,314	241	29	270	0.7
16 to 24 years	8,205	72	23	96	1.2
25 years and over	32,110	169	6	174	0.5

Women, 16 years and over	40,224	548	51	599	1.5
16 to 24 years	8,386	267	23	290	3.5
25 years and over	31,837	281	28	309	1.0

RACE AND HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
White	60,299	610	56	666	1.1
Men	30,758	194	18	211	0.7
Women	29,541	416	38	455	1.5

Black or African American	12,353	114	16	130	1.1
Men	5,741	26	8	34	0.6
Women	6,612	88	8	96	1.4

Asian	4,083	25	3	27	0.7
Men	1,888	9	0	9	0.5
Women	2,195	15	3	18	0.8

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	18,841	148	20	168	0.9
Men	10,211	52	11	63	0.6
Women	8,630	96	9	104	1.2

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS(1)
Full-time workers	61,220	412	31	443	0.7
Men	33,552	142	11	153	0.5
Women	27,668	270	20	290	1.0

Part-time workers	19,233	374	49	423	2.2
Men	6,727	97	18	115	1.7
Women	12,506	277	31	308	2.5
Footnotes (1) The distinction between full- and part-time workers is based on hours usually worked. These data will not sum to totals because full- or part-time status on the principal job is not identifiable for a small number of multiple jobholders. Full time is 35 hours or more per week; part time is less than 35 hours.
NOTE: The prevailing Federal minimum wage was $7.25 per hour in 2023. Data are for wage and salary workers; all self-employed workers are excluded, both those with incorporated businesses and those with unincorporated businesses. The data refer to a person's earnings on the sole or principal job, and pertain only to workers who are paid hourly rates. Salaried workers and other nonhourly workers are not included. Hourly earnings for hourly-paid workers do not include overtime pay, commissions, or tips received. The presence of workers with hourly earnings below the minimum wage does not necessarily indicate violation of the Fair Labor Standards Act, as there are exceptions to the minimum wage provisions of the law. In addition, some survey respondents may have rounded hourly earnings to the nearest dollar and, as a result, reported hourly earnings below the minimum wage even though they earned the minimum wage or higher. Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Last Modified Date: January 26, 2024