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Business processes involved in extended mass layoff events, by reason for layoff, fourth quarters 2011 and 2012

Table 2. Business processes involved in extended mass layoff events, by reason for layoff, first quarters 2011 and 2012 (1)
Reason	Extended mass layoff events	Total business process	Core processes						Support processes
Reason	Extended mass layoff events	Total business process	Strat. Mgmt.	Procurement, logistics, distribution	Ops.	Product development	Marketing, sales, account management	Customer and after-sales service	General managment and firm infra-structure	Human resource management	Technology and process development
First quarter 2012 (p)
Total business process	1,077	1,449	17	103	874	76	65	100	147	39	28
Business demand	423	592	7	28	408	40	17	21	43	20	8
Contract cancellation	17	30	1	2	16	1	2	2	4	2	-
Contract completion	273	326	2	9	262	11	8	4	19	9	2
Domestic competition	(2)	2	-	-	1	1	-	-	-	-	-
Excess inventory/ saturated market	(2)	3	-	-	3	-	-	-	-	-	-
Import competition	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Slack work/ insufficient demand/non-seasonal business slowdown	129	231	4	17	126	27	7	15	20	9	6
Organizational changes	62	149	4	14	53	3	13	13	37	4	8
Business- ownership change	14	34	3	3	13	-	2	2	9	1	1
Reorgan- ization or restructuring of company	48	115	1	11	40	3	11	11	28	3	7
Financial issues	98	214	4	22	89	13	13	23	34	9	7
Bankruptcy	12	31	2	3	12	1	3	3	4	2	1
Cost control/cost cutting/ increase profitability	46	90	-	10	38	7	5	8	15	2	5
Financial difficulty	40	93	2	9	39	5	5	12	15	5	1
Production specific	14	23	1	2	13	1	1	-	2	-	3
Disaster/Safety	3	5	-	-	3	-	-	1	1	-	-
Seasonal	297	423	-	36	282	17	19	38	25	5	1
Other/ Miscellaneous	180	43	1	1	26	2	2	4	5	1	1
First quarter 2011
Total business process	1,490	1,886	21	141	1,111	109	62	144	215	58	25
Business demand	564	756	8	40	505	42	11	62	65	19	4
Contract cancellation	30	54	1	4	27	2	-	6	9	4	1
Contract completion	271	326	-	7	248	20	6	24	16	4	1
Domestic competition	(2)	1	-	-	-	1	-	-	-	-	-
Excess inventory/ saturated market	4	12	-	3	4	-	1	-	3	1	-
Import competition	(2)	4	-	1	2	-	-	-	1	-	-
Slack work/ insufficient demand/non-seasonal business slowdown	256	359	7	25	224	19	4	32	36	10	2
Organizational changes	94	197	6	14	74	3	13	19	41	15	12
Business- ownership change	22	39	1	2	21	-	1	2	8	3	1
Reorgan- ization or restructuring of company	72	158	5	12	53	3	12	17	33	12	11
Financial issues	120	278	5	32	108	17	16	24	60	11	5
Bankruptcy	14	38	3	6	10	2	3	4	8	2	-
Cost control/cost cutting/ increase profitability	73	172	1	20	68	10	12	14	35	7	5
Financial difficulty	33	68	1	6	30	5	1	6	17	2	-
Production specific	24	39	1	4	19	2	2	5	4	1	1
Disaster/Safety	7	16	-	2	7	2	1	-	2	2	-
Seasonal	391	551	1	48	372	42	16	30	34	7	1
Other/ Miscellaneous	290	49	-	1	26	1	3	4	9	3	2
Footnotes: (1) Data were reported by all states and the District of Columbia. (2) Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. (p) = preliminary.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.