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Modeled Wage Estimates

Average hourly wages for occupational groups and areas by job characteristic, civilian workers

Average hourly wages for occupational groups and areas by job characteristic, civilian workers(1), 2023
Selected occupational groups and areas Job characteristic
Union Nonunion Full-time Part-time

13-0000 Business and Financial Operations Occupations

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH

$41.44 $50.70 $50.33 -

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI

$42.61 $45.25 $45.60 -

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA

$42.25 $46.70 $46.57 $29.77

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI

$36.31 $45.12 $44.79 -

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA

$44.87 $56.92 $56.11 -

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD

$37.99 $44.85 $44.75 -

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA

$46.53 $64.06 $63.75 $40.70

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA

$43.51 $51.76 $51.19 -

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV

- $55.76 $56.01 -

21-0000 Community and Social Service Occupations

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH

$35.08 $28.60 $31.60 -

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI

$32.07 $24.46 $26.45 $25.03

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA

$39.55 $29.45 $33.09 -

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL

$34.76 $25.17 $26.25 -

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI

$33.11 $27.51 $29.37 $27.51

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA

- $31.26 $33.83 $32.88

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD

$34.07 $26.10 $28.52 $26.19

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA

$43.91 $38.16 $40.07 $42.12

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA

$36.17 $29.55 $31.56 -

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV

- $29.86 $31.88 $31.52

29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA

- $51.00 $52.67 $43.70

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH

$52.46 $58.14 $57.10 $56.83

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI

$52.34 $46.59 $47.39 $45.81

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX

- $46.27 $47.66 $42.76

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI

$46.83 $46.33 $46.72 -

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA

$60.78 $53.49 $54.98 $60.22

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI

$54.88 $53.21 $54.00 $51.98

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA

$52.98 $56.97 $56.64 $53.90

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD

- $49.70 $51.16 $44.81

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ

- $50.19 $51.30 $45.14

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA

$55.23 $62.93 $59.24 $61.76

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV

- $53.96 $55.15 $49.82

31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH

- $20.71 $22.26 $19.62

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI

- $19.10 $21.04 $17.97

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX

- $16.53 $18.71 $13.83

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI

- $17.41 $17.92 $17.30

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA

- $17.94 $18.95 $18.23

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL

- $18.67 $19.81 $15.99

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI

$25.67 $18.37 - $17.00

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA

$21.14 $19.28 $20.75 $18.41

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD

$20.81 $16.48 $19.45 $15.36

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ

- $18.71 $19.87 $17.33

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA

$24.60 $23.12 $23.60 -

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV

$25.47 $19.61 $21.49 $17.32

33-0000 Protective Service Occupations

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH

$37.22 $22.64 $34.23 -

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI

$40.21 $21.38 $33.59 $19.28

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX

- $22.80 $28.36 $17.25

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI

$32.36 $20.30 $29.47 $16.98

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX

- $21.70 $26.28 $15.73

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA

$36.53 $23.52 $33.18 $21.62

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL

$44.26 $21.72 $31.74 $21.65

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA

$34.61 $24.83 $34.11 $21.06

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD

$38.99 $19.74 $32.14 $16.80

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ

$33.61 $23.07 $27.03 -

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV

$33.72 $27.57 $30.64 -

35-0000 Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA

- $14.54 $17.41 $12.94

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH

$24.99 $19.11 $22.43 $17.73

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI

- $17.27 $18.73 $16.32

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX

- $14.88 $18.32 $13.47

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI

$20.62 $16.32 $19.30 $15.31

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX

- $13.93 $15.80 $12.95

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA

$27.93 $18.49 $22.30 $17.33

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL

- $16.43 $18.79 $15.08

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI

$18.04 $16.04 $18.25 $15.03

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA

$28.88 $19.77 $24.96 $17.92

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD

$21.93 $16.18 $18.99 $14.79

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ

$22.84 $18.32 $21.21 $16.89

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA

$28.69 $20.90 $24.28 $19.56

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA

$26.06 $21.72 $25.99 $19.45

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV

$25.88 $18.62 $21.34 $16.92

37-0000 Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH

$23.34 $21.85 $24.01 $18.92

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI

$21.36 $18.89 $20.44 $16.99

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX

- $16.51 $17.64 $13.39

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI

$18.84 $17.84 $18.77 $14.70

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX

- $15.59 $16.11 -

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA

$26.74 $19.33 $20.70 $20.38

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI

$21.60 $19.84 $20.94 -

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA

$23.89 $20.83 $23.58 $18.87

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD

$20.59 $18.52 $20.43 $16.46

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ

- $17.92 $18.63 $16.97

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA

$26.89 $22.19 $24.48 $21.17

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA

$22.78 $22.59 $22.36 -

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV

$20.07 $19.25 $20.38 $16.26

41-0000 Sales and Related Occupations

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA

$20.37 $26.37 $33.74 $14.23

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH

- $30.33 $38.13 $16.89

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI

- $27.97 $33.89 $16.21

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX

$16.93 $26.23 $32.24 $13.79

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI

$18.62 $26.42 $31.92 $14.47

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX

- $24.27 $28.92 $14.35

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA

$21.38 $27.71 - $17.88

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL

- $25.89 $30.65 $14.93

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI

- $28.55 $35.86 $16.10

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA

$22.88 $37.62 $45.85 -

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD

- $25.40 $33.67 $15.00

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ

- $26.06 $30.02 $16.20

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA

$22.91 $33.15 $37.28 $19.57

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV

$18.35 $27.80 $33.90 $16.43

43-0000 Office and Administrative Support Occupations

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA

$24.31 $22.13 $23.13 $16.69

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH

$31.24 $26.90 $28.51 $22.02

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI

$27.06 $23.51 $25.41 $18.88

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX

$26.49 $22.74 $23.42 $18.57

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI

$24.99 $22.62 $24.04 $18.31

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX

$28.09 $21.64 $22.50 $16.92

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA

$28.30 $25.15 $26.73 $20.32

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL

$23.34 $22.07 $22.89 $17.21

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI

$26.66 $25.18 $26.33 $19.98

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA

$30.88 $26.29 $28.53 $21.70

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD

$25.17 $23.61 $25.06 $18.02

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ

$28.47 $22.86 $23.61 $17.85

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA

$34.02 $31.29 $32.76 $26.27

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA

$30.70 $27.73 $28.68 $24.71

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV

$27.80 $25.86 $26.92 $19.43

51-0000 Production Occupations

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA

$27.11 $21.24 $22.18 -

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH

$30.77 $24.65 $26.07 $19.97

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI

$24.43 $22.87 $23.62 $16.38

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX

$29.27 $20.95 $22.08 -

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI

$26.50 $22.46 $24.33 $17.12

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX

$35.42 $23.28 $25.11 -

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA

$31.12 $22.68 $24.23 $18.92

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI

$25.94 $24.09 $24.88 $19.35

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA

$28.97 $23.14 $24.87 $17.85

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD

$29.43 $23.46 $25.08 $17.11

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA

$34.73 $26.71 $28.50 -

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA

$35.22 $26.42 $28.84 -

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV

$32.25 $23.61 $25.74 $18.09

53-0000 Transportation and Material Moving Occupations

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA

- $21.06 $26.59 $17.85

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH

$34.25 $21.93 $27.32 $19.49

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX

$27.37 $21.36 $24.95 $17.40

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI

$27.85 $21.30 $24.71 $17.69

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX

- $20.50 $23.96 $16.71

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA

$29.95 $21.57 $26.02 $18.90

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL

- $19.70 $27.13 $16.25

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI

$34.04 $22.52 $27.40 $18.65

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA

$30.18 $22.71 $28.34 $20.46

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD

$30.63 $20.85 $24.09 $18.39

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ

$26.06 $20.95 $24.44 $18.71

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA

$27.63 $24.13 $26.29 $21.62

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA

- $25.13 $33.00 $21.42

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV

$32.48 $21.79 $26.89 $18.59

Footnotes
(1) For definitions of terms, see the MWE Handbook of Methods, available at https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/mwe/.

Note: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data do not meet publication criteria.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Modeled Wage Estimates.