An official website of the United States government
Technical information: (202) 691-6339 USDL 07-0930 http://www.bls.gov/tus/ For release: 10:00 A.M. EDT Media contact: 691-5902 Thursday, June 28, 2007 (NOTE: This release was reissued on Thursday, July 19, 2007, to correct the phrase in the first paragraph of "The Average Day" section that originally read "remaining 5.1 hours" to read "remaining 4.7 hours." This correction did not affect any tables in the release. On June 3, 2008, the following tables of the HTML version of this release were corrected: tables 4, 7, 9, 10, and 12; in this case, the PDF version was not affected.) AMERICAN TIME USE SURVEY--2006 RESULTS The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today that in 2006: --Employed persons worked 7.6 hours on average on the days that they worked. They worked more hours on weekdays than on weekend days-- 8.0 versus 5.4 hours. --On the days that they worked, employed men worked about an hour more than employed women--8.0 versus 7.1 hours. --On the days that they worked, 21 percent of employed persons did some or all of their work at home and 86 percent did some or all of their work at their workplace. --On an average day (which includes weekends), persons ages 15 to 19 spent 3.3 hours engaged in educational activities, more than quadruple the amount of time spent by individuals in any other age group. BLS has long produced statistics about the labor market, such as employ- ment, hours of work, and earnings. To provide a more complete picture of the context of employment, BLS also conducts the American Time Use Survey (ATUS). The ATUS collects data on what activities people do during the day and how much time they spend doing them. This fourth annual release of ATUS data focuses on the time that Americans worked, did household activities, cared for household children, participated in educational activities, and engaged in leisure and sports activities in 2006. This report includes new measures of time use for younger and older Americans. It also includes measures of the average time per day spent pro- viding childcare--both as a primary activity and while doing other things-- for the combined years 2003-06. Data collection for the ATUS began in January 2003. The survey is spon- sored by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. ATUS estimates for 2006 are based on interviews of about 13,000 in- dividuals. Respondents were interviewed only once and reported their activ- ities for the 24-hour period from 4 a.m. on the day before the interview until 4 a.m. on the day of the interview. If respondents reported doing more than one activity at a time, they were asked to identify which activity was primary. Except for secondary childcare, activities done simultaneously with primary activities were not collected. Activities were then grouped into categories for analysis. For a further description of the survey, see the Technical Note. - 2 - The "Average Day" "Average day" measures for the entire population provide a mechanism for seeing the overall distribution of time allocation for society as a whole. The ATUS collects data about daily activities from all segments of the pop- ulation age 15 and over, including persons who are employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force (such as students or retirees). Data are collected for weekdays, Saturdays, and Sundays. Thus, "average day" measures reflect the average distribution of time across all persons and days. Activity pro- files differ based upon age, employment status, gender, and other character- istics. On an "average day" in 2006, persons in the U.S. age 15 and over slept about 8.6 hours, spent 5.1 hours doing leisure and sports activities, worked for 3.8 hours, and spent 1.8 hours doing household activities. The remaining 4.7 hours were spent doing a variety of other activities, including eating and drinking, attending school, and shopping. (See table 1.) By comparison, an average weekday for persons employed full time and who worked on that day included 9.3 hours working, 7.6 hours sleeping, 3.0 hours doing leisure and sports activities, and 0.9 hour doing household activities. The remaining 3.2 hours were spent in other activities, such as those described above. (These estimates include related travel time.) Many activities typically are not done on a daily basis, and some activi- ties only are done by a subset of the population. For example, only 45 per- cent of all persons age 15 years and over worked on an average day in 2006 because most employed persons did not work every day and some were not em- ployed. (See table 1.) For this reason, much of the analysis that follows uses time-use estimates that are restricted to specific population groups, such as employed persons, or adults in households with children. Working (by Employed Persons) in 2006 --Employed persons worked 7.6 hours on average on the days that they worked. They worked longer on weekdays than on weekend days--8.0 versus 5.4 hours. (See table 4.) --On the days that they worked, employed men worked about an hour more than employed women. This difference partly reflects women's greater likelihood of working part time. However, even among full-time workers (those usually working 35 hours or more per week) men worked slightly longer than women--8.4 versus 7.7 hours. (See table 4.) --Many more people worked on weekdays than on weekend days: 84 percent of employed persons worked on an average weekday, compared with 35 per- cent on an average weekend day. (See table 4.) --On the days that they worked, 21 percent of employed persons did some or all of their work at home and 86 percent did some or all of their work at their workplace. Hours worked at home averaged 2.6 hours per day while hours worked at a workplace averaged 7.9 hours per day. Men and women were about equally likely to do some or all of their work at home. (See table 6.) --Multiple jobholders were about twice as likely to work on an average weekend day as were single jobholders--59 versus 32 percent. Multiple jobholders also were much more likely to work at home than were single jobholders--39 versus 19 percent. (See tables 4 and 6.) --Self-employed workers were more likely to work on an average weekend day (49 percent) than were wage and salary workers (31 percent). Self- employed workers also were more likely than wage and salary workers to have done some work at home--56 versus 17 percent. (See tables 5 and 7.) - 3 - Household Activities in 2006 --On an average day, 84 percent of women and 64 percent of men spent some time doing household activities, such as housework, cooking, lawn care, or financial and other household management. (See table 1.) --On the days that they did household activities, women spent an average of 2.7 hours on such activities while men spent 2.1 hours. (See table 1.) --On an average day, 20 percent of men did housework--such as cleaning or doing laundry--compared with 52 percent of women. Thirty-seven percent of men did food preparation or cleanup, compared with 65 per- cent of women. (See table 1.) Educational Activities in 2006 --About 9 percent of the population engaged in educational activities on an average day. Those who attended class spent an average of 4.5 hours doing so, and those who did homework and research spent 2.4 hours in such activities. (See table 1.) --More people did homework on weekdays than on weekend days--6.9 per- cent versus 4.0 percent. However, persons who did homework spent about the same amount of time doing it on weekdays (2.4 hours) and weekend days (2.5 hours). (See table 2.) --On an average day, persons ages 15 to 19 spent 3.3 hours engaged in educational activities, more than four times as long as individuals in any other age group. (See table 3.) Leisure Activities in 2006 --On an average day, nearly everyone age 15 and over (96 percent) engaged in some sort of leisure activity, such as watching TV, socializing, or exercising. Of those who engaged in leisure activities, men spent more time in these activities (5.7 hours) than did women (4.9 hours). (See table 1.) --Watching TV was the leisure activity that occupied the most time, accounting for about half of leisure time, on average, for both men and women. Socializing, such as visiting with friends or attending or hosting social events, was the next most common leisure activity, accounting for about three-quarters of an hour per day for both sexes. (See table 1.) --Men were more likely than women to participate in sports, exercise, or recreation on any given day, 20 versus 15 percent. On the days that they participated, men also spent more time in these activities than women, 2.0 versus 1.2 hours, respectively. (See table 1.) --Time spent reading for personal interest and playing games or using a computer for leisure varied greatly by age. Individuals age 75 and over averaged 1.4 hours of reading per weekend day and 0.2 hour (12 minutes) playing games or using a computer for leisure. Conversely, individuals ages 15 to 19 read for an average of 0.1 hour (7 minutes) per weekend day and spent 1.0 hour playing games or using a computer for leisure. (See table 11.) - 4 - Care of Household Children (by Adults in Households with Children) for the period 2003-06 --Adults living in households with children under 6 spent 2.0 hours pro- viding primary childcare (such as providing physical care or reading to children) to household children. Adults living in households where the youngest child was between the ages of 6 and 17 spent less than half as much time providing primary childcare to household children--0.8 hour (47 minutes). (See table 9.) --On weekdays, among adults living in households with children under 6, women spent 1.2 hours providing physical childcare (such as bathing or feeding a child) to household children; by contrast, men spent 0.4 hours (25 minutes). On weekends, women provided about an hour per day of physical childcare, while men provided about 30 minutes. (See table 9.) --Adults living in households with children under 6 spent an average of 5.6 hours per day providing secondary childcare--that is, they had at least one child under age 13 in their care while doing other things. Secondary childcare was most commonly performed while doing leisure activities (2.2 hours) or household activities (1.4 hours). (See table 10.) --Adults living in households with children under 6 spent more time providing primary childcare on weekdays (2.1 hours) than on weekend days (1.7 hours). However, they spent less time providing secondary childcare on weekdays than weekend days--4.8 hours versus 7.5 hours. (See tables 9 and 10.) Microdata Release Today, BLS also released ten 2006 ATUS microdata files for users who wish to do their own tabulations and analyses: the Respondent file, the Roster file, the Activity file, the Who file, the ATUS-CPS file, the Activity summary file, the Case history file, the Call history file, the Trips file, and the Replicate weights file. In accordance with BLS and Census Bureau policies that protect respondents' privacy, identifying information was removed from the microdata files and some responses have been edited. The 2006 microdata files are available on the BLS Web site at http://www.bls. gov/tus/datafiles_2006.htm. A brief description of the files follows: --The Respondent file contains information about ATUS respondents, including their labor force status and earnings. --The Roster file contains information about household members and nonhousehold children (under age 18) of ATUS respondents. It includes information such as age and sex. --The Activity file contains information about how ATUS respondents spent one day. It includes information such as activity codes, activity start and stop times, and locations. --The Who file contains codes that indicate who was present during each activity. --The ATUS-CPS file contains information collected in the CPS about all individuals selected to participate in ATUS and those living with them. The information on the ATUS-CPS file was collected 2 to 5 months before the ATUS interview. --The Activity summary file contains information about the total time each ATUS respondent spent doing each activity on the diary day (calculated from the Activity file), and selected variables from the Respondent file and the ATUS-CPS file. --The Case history file contains information about the interview process, such as interviewer identifiers and interview outcome codes. --The Call history file contains information about each interview attempt, including the call date and outcome. --The Trips file contains information about times the respondent was away from home for 2 nights or more in a specific reference month. --The Replicate weights file contains ATUS replicate weights and replicate base weights. - 5 - For More Information For additional information, please see the Technical Note or the ATUS Web site at http://www.bls.gov/tus/home/htm. Additional information about the ATUS also may be obtained by e-mailing ATUSinfo@bls.gov or by calling 202-691-6339. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339.
- 6 - Technical Note Survey methodology Data collection for the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) began in January 2003. Sample cases for the survey are selected monthly and interviews are conducted continuously throughout the year. In 2005, approximately 13,000 individuals were interviewed. Estimates are released annually. ATUS sample households are chosen from the households that completed their eighth (final) interview for the Current Population Survey (CPS), the nation's monthly household labor force survey. ATUS sample households are selected to ensure that estimates will be nationally representative. One individual age 15 or older is randomly chosen from each sampled household. This "designated person" is interviewed by telephone once about his or her activities on the day before the interview--the "diary day." All ATUS interviews are conducted using Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing. Procedures are in place to collect information from the small number of households that did not provide a telephone number during the CPS interview. ATUS designated persons are preassigned a day of the week about which to report. Preassignment is designed to reduce variability in response rates across the week and to allow oversampling of weekend days, so that accurate weekend day measures can be developed. Interviews occur on the day following the assigned day. For example, a person assigned to report about a Monday would be contacted on the following Tuesday. Ten percent of designated persons are assigned to report about each of the five weekdays. Twenty-five percent are assigned to report about each weekend day. Households are called for up to 8 consecutive weeks (for example, 8 Tuesdays) in order to secure an interview. About the questionnaire In the time diary portion of the ATUS interview, respondents se- quentially report activities they did between 4 a.m. on the day before the interview ("yesterday") until 4 a.m. on the day of the interview. For each activity, respondents are asked how long the activity lasted. For activities other than personal care activities (such as sleeping and grooming), interviewers also ask respondents where they were and who was in the room with them (if at home) or who accompanied them (if away from home). If respondents report doing more than one activity at a time, they are asked to identify which one was the "main" (primary) activity. If none can be identified, it is assumed to be the first one mentioned. After com- pleting the time diary, interviewers ask respondents additional questions to collect more information to assist coders in clearly identifying work, volunteering, and secondary childcare activities. Secondary childcare is defined as having a child under age 13 in one's care while doing other things. In addition, the ATUS includes an update of the household roster information from the last CPS interview (2-5 months prior to the ATUS interview) and the employment status information of the designated person and his or her spouse or unmarried partner. For designated persons who became employed or changed jobs between the last CPS interview and the ATUS interview, information also is collected on industry, occupation, class of worker, and earnings. For those who are unemployed or on layoff, CPS ques- tions on job search activities and layoff are asked. Finally, a question about current school enrollment status is asked of all respondents ages 15 to 49. - 7 - After completing the interview, primary activity descriptions are as- signed a single 6-digit code using the ATUS Coding Lexicon. The 3-tier coding system consists of 17 major activity categories, each with multiple second- and third-tier subcategories. These coding lexicon categories are then combined into composite categories for publication, such as in this news release. Descriptions of categories shown in this release can be found in the Major activity category definitions section of this Technical Note. The 2005 ATUS Coding Lexicon can be accessed at http://www.bls.gov/tus/. Concepts and definitions Average hours per day. The average number of hours spent in a 24-hour day (between 4 a.m. on the diary day and 4 a.m. on the interview day) doing a specified activity. --Average hours per day, population. The average number of hours per day is computed using all responses from a given population, including respondents who did not do a particular activity on their diary day. These estimates reflect how many population members engaged in an activity and the amount of time they spent doing it. --Average hours per day, persons reporting the activity on the diary day. The average number of hours per day is computed using only re- sponses from those who engaged in a particular activity on their diary day. Diary day. The diary day is the day about which the designated person reports. For example, the diary day of a designated person interviewed on Tuesday is Monday. Earnings --Usual weekly earnings. Data represent the earnings of full-time wage and salary workers before taxes and other deductions and include any overtime pay, commissions, or tips usually received (at the main job in the case of multiple jobholders). Respondents are asked to identify the easiest way for them to report earnings (hourly, weekly, biweekly, twice monthly, monthly, annually, other) and how much they usually earn in the reported time period. Earnings reported on a basis other than weekly are converted to a weekly equivalent. The term "usual" is as perceived by the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of usual, interviewers are instructed to define the term as more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months. --Weekly earnings ranges. The ranges used represent approximately 25 per- cent of full-time wage and salary workers. For example, 25 percent of full-time wage and salary workers had weekly earnings of $450 or less. These dollar values may vary from year to year. Employment status --Employed. All persons who, at any time during the 7 days prior to the interview: 1) Did any work at all as paid employees; worked in their own busi- ness, profession, or on their own farm; or usually worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in a family-operated enterprise; and 2) All those who were not working but had jobs or businesses from which they were temporarily absent due to illness, bad weather, vacation, childcare problems, labor-management dispute, maternity or paternity leave, job training, or other family or personal reasons, whether or not they were paid for the time off or were seeking other jobs. --Employed full time. Full-time workers are those who usually worked 35 hours or more per week at all jobs combined. --Employed part time. Part-time workers are those who usually worked fewer than 35 hours per week at all jobs combined. --Not employed. Persons are not employed if they do not meet the condi- tions for employment. The not employed include those classified as unemployed as well as those classified as not in the labor force (using CPS definitions). - 8 - The numbers of employed and not employed persons in this report do not correspond to published totals from the CPS for several reasons. First, the reference population for the ATUS is 15 years and older, whereas it is 16 years and older for the CPS. Second, ATUS data are collected continuously, the employment reference period being the 7 days prior to the interview. By contrast, CPS data are always collected during the week including the 19th of the month and refer to employment during the week containing the 12th of the month. Third, ATUS response rates in 2005 were slightly higher for employed than for non-employed designated persons, and this difference is not accounted for by weighting. Finally, the CPS accepts answers from household members about other household members, whereas such proxy responses are not allowed in the ATUS. One consequence of the difference in proxy reporting is that a significantly higher proportion of teenagers report employment in the ATUS than in the CPS. While the information on employment from the ATUS is useful for assessing work in the context of other daily activities, the employment data are not intended for analysis of current employment trends. Compared with the CPS and other estimates of employment, the ATUS estimates are based on a much smaller sample and are only available with a substantial lag. Moreover, because the ATUS has only been in operation since the beginning of 2003, there is insufficient data for time series analysis. Household children. Household children are children under age 18 residing in the household of the ATUS respondent. The children may be related to the respondent (such as their own children, grandchildren, nieces or nephews, or brothers or sisters) or not related (such as foster children or children of roommates). For secondary childcare calculations, respondents are asked about care for own and non-own household children under age 13. Primary activity. A primary activity is the main activity a respondent was doing at a specified time. With the exception of secondary childcare in table 10, the estimates presented in this release reflect time spent in primary activities only. Secondary/simultaneous activities. A secondary activity is an activity done at the same time as a primary activity. With the exception of the care of children under age 13, information on secondary activities is not systematically collected in the ATUS. Secondary childcare. Secondary childcare is care for children under age 13 that is done while doing something else, such as cooking dinner. Second- ary childcare estimates are derived by summing the durations of activities during which respondents had a household child or their own non-household child under age 13 in their care while doing other things. It is restricted to times the respondent was awake. Secondary childcare time for household children is further restricted to the time between when the first household child under age 13 woke up and the last household child under age 13 went to bed. If respondents report providing both primary and secondary care at the same time, the time is attributed to primary care only. Weekday, weekend, and holiday estimates. Estimates for weekdays are an average of reports about Monday through Friday. Estimates for weekend days and holidays are an average of reports about Saturdays, Sundays, and the following holidays: New Year's Day, Easter, Memorial Day, the Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. In 2005, the telephone call center was closed the Friday after Thanks- giving, so data were not collected about Thanksgiving Day. - 9 - Major activity category definitions The following definitions describe the activity categories shown in this report. All major time-use categories in the tables include related travel time and waiting time. For example, time spent "driving to the stadium" and time spent "waiting to get into the stadium to play ball" are included in Participating in sports under Leisure and sports. Personal care activities. Personal care activities include sleeping, bathing, dressing, health-related self-care, and personal or private activities. Receiving unpaid personal care from others (for example, "my sister put polish on my nails") also is captured in this category. Respondents are not asked who they were with or where they were for personal care activities, as such information can be sensitive. Eating and drinking. All time spent eating or drinking (except when identified by the respondent as part of a work or volunteer activity), whether alone, with others, at home, at a place of purchase, in transit, or somewhere else, is classified here. Time spent purchasing or talking related to purchasing meals, snacks, or beverages is not counted as part of this category; time spent doing these activities is counted in Purchas- ing goods and services. Household activities. Household activities are those done by re- spondents to maintain their households. These include housework; cooking; yard care; pet care; vehicle maintenance and repair; and home maintenance, repair, decoration, and renovation. Food preparation, whether or not re- ported as done specifically for another household member, is always classi- fied as a household activity, unless the respondent identified it as a vol- unteer, work, or income-generating activity. For example, "making breakfast for my son" is coded as a household activity, not as childcare. Household management and organizational activities--such as filling out paperwork, bal- ancing a checkbook, or planning a party--also are included in this category. Purchasing goods and services. This category includes the purchase of consumer goods as well as the purchase or use of professional and personal care services, household services, and government services. Most purchases and rentals of consumer goods, regardless of the mode or place of purchase or rental (in person, via telephone, over the Internet, at home, or in a store) are classified in this category. Gasoline, grocery, other food pur- chases, and all other shopping are further broken out in subcategories. Time spent obtaining, receiving, and purchasing professional and personal care services provided by someone else also is classified in this category. Professional services include childcare, financial services and banking, legal services, medical and adult care services, real estate services, and veterinary services. Personal care services include day spas, hair salons and barbershops, nail salons, and tanning salons. Activities classified here include time respondents spent paying, meeting with, or talking to service providers, as well as time spent receiving the service or waiting to receive the service. Time spent arranging for and purchasing household services provided by someone else also is classified here. Household services include housecleaning; cooking; lawn care and landscaping; pet care; tailoring, laundering, and dry cleaning; vehicle maintenance and repairs; and home repairs, maintenance, and construction. This category also captures the time spent obtaining government services--such as applying for food stamps--and purchasing government- required licenses or paying fines or fees. - 10 - Caring for and helping household members. Time spent doing activities to care for or help any child or adult in the respondent's household, regardless of relationship to the respondent or the physical or mental health status of the person being helped, are classified here. Caring for and helping activities for household children and adults are coded separately in subcategories. Household members are considered children if they are under age 18. Primary childcare activities include physical care; playing with children; reading to children; assistance with homework; attending children's events; taking care of children's health care needs; and dropping off, picking up, and waiting for children. Passive childcare done as a primary activity (such as "keeping an eye on my son while he swam in the pool") also is included. A child's presence during the respondent's activity is not enough in itself to classify the activity as childcare. For example, "watching television with my child" is coded as a leisure activity, not as childcare. Secondary childcare is care for children that is done while doing something else. For a complete definition, see the Concepts and definitions section of this Technical Note. Caring for and helping household members also includes a range of activities done to benefit adult members of households, such as providing physical and medical care or obtaining medical services. Doing something as a favor for or helping another household adult does not automatically result in classification as a helping activity. For example, a report of "helping my wife cook dinner" is considered a household activity (food preparation), not a helping activity, because cooking dinner benefits the household as a whole. By contrast, doing paperwork for another person usually benefits the individual, so a report of "filling out an insurance application for my husband" is considered a helping activity. Caring for and helping non-household members. Activities done to care for and help any child or adult who is not part of the respondent's house- hold, regardless of the relationship to the respondent or the physical or mental health status of the person being helped, are classified here. Caring for and helping activities for non-household children and adults are coded separately in subcategories. Non-household members are considered children if they are under age 18. When done for or through an organization, time spent helping non-household individuals is classified as volunteering, rather than as helping non-household members. Non-household childcare, even when done as a favor or helping activity for another adult, is always classi- fied as non-household childcare, not as helping another adult. Working and work-related activities. This category includes time spent working, doing activities as part of one's job, engaging in income-generating activities (not as part of one's job), and job search activities. "Working" includes hours spent doing the specific tasks required of one's main or other job, regardless of location or time of day. Activities done outside of regular work hours are classified as work if identified by respondents as part of their jobs. "Work-related activities" include activities that are not obviously work but are identified by the respondent as being done as part of one's job, such as having a business lunch or playing golf with clients. "Other income-gener- ating activities" are those done "on the side" or under informal arrangement and are not part of the respondent's regular job. Such activities might in- clude selling homemade crafts, babysitting, maintaining a rental property, or having a yard sale. Respondents identify these activities as ones they "are paid for or will be paid for." Travel time related to working and work-related activities includes time spent commuting to and from one's job, as well as time spent traveling for work-related, income-generating, and job search activities. - 11 - Educational activities. Educational activities include taking classes (including Internet and other distance-learning courses); doing research and homework; and taking care of administrative tasks, such as registering for classes or obtaining a school ID. For high school students, before- and after-school extracurricular activities (except sports) also are clas- sified as educational activities. Activities are classified separately by whether the educational activity was for a degree or for personal in- terest. Educational activities do not include time spent for classes or training that respondents identified as part of their jobs. Time spent helping others with their education-related activities is classified in the Caring for and helping categories. Organizational, civic, and religious activities. This category captures time spent volunteering for or through an organization, performing civic obligations, and participating in religious and spiritual activities. Civic obligations include government-required duties, such as serving jury duty or appearing in court, and activities that assist or influence government pro- cesses, such as voting or attending town hall meetings. Religious activities include those normally associated with membership in or identification with specific religions or denominations, such as attending religious services; participating in choirs, youth groups, orchestras, or unpaid teaching (unless identified as volunteer activities); and engaging in personal religious prac- tices, such as praying. Leisure and sports. The leisure and sports category includes sports, exercise, and recreation; socializing and communicating; and other leisure activities. Socializing and communicating includes face-to-face social communication and hosting or attending social functions. Leisure activities include watching television; reading; relaxing or thinking; playing computer, board, or card games; using a computer or the Internet for personal interest; playing or listening to music; and other activities, such as attending arts, cultural, and entertainment events. Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail. This category captures telephone communication and handling household or personal mail or e-mail. Telephone and Internet purchases are classified in Purchasing goods and services. Telephone calls, mail, or e-mail identified as related to work or volunteer- ing are classified as work or volunteering. Other activities, not elsewhere classified. This residual category includes security procedures related to traveling, traveling not associated with a specific activity category, ambiguous activities that could not be coded, and missing activities. Missing activities result when respondents did not remember what they did for a period of time, or when they considered an activity too private or personal to report. Processing and estimation After ATUS data are collected, they go through an editing and imputation procedure. Responses to CPS questions that are reasked in the ATUS go through the regular CPS edit and imputation procedures. Some item nonresponses for questions unique to the ATUS (such as where an activity took place or how much time was spent doing secondary childcare) also are imputed. Missing activ- ities and missing values for who was present during an activity are never imputed. ATUS records are weighted to reduce bias in estimates due to differences in sampling and response rates across subpopulations and days of the week. Specif- ically, the data are weighted to ensure the following: --Weekdays represent about 5/7 of the weighted data, and weekend days each represent about 1/7 for the population as a whole. The actual proportions depend on the number of weekdays, Saturdays, and Sundays in a given month (in 2003 and 2004) and the number of weekdays and weekend days in a given quarter (in 2005). --The sum of the weights is equal to the number of person-days in the month (in 2003 and 2004) or the quarter (in 2005), for the population as a whole and, in 2004 and 2005, for selected subpopulations, too. Different methods were used to produce weights for the 2003, 2004, and 2005 data. In 2003, the ATUS weights add up to the number of person-days in the month (or the number of days in the month times the total population) only for the population as a whole. In 2004 and 2005, the ATUS weights add up to the number of person-days for selected subpopulations as well as for the general population. The 2004 and 2005 weighting methods differ slightly from one another. In 2004, ATUS weights add up to the number of person-days in the month for the selected subpopulations and for the population as a whole. Weighted totals also correspond to the number of weekdays, Saturdays, and Sundays in each month. In 2005, ATUS weights add up to the number of per- son-days in the quarter rather than the month for these groups, and weighted totals for the quarter correspond to the number of weekdays and weekend days rather than Saturdays and Sundays separately. Although there are differences in the 2004 and 2005 weighting methods, the 2004 and 2005 weights are comparable and do not result in substantially different estimates. The 2004 weighting methodology, when applied to the 2003 data, had little or no effect on the estimates presented in table 12. - 12 - Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the ATUS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies de- pending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. The ATUS data also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct infor- mation, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. Errors also could occur if nonresponse is correlated with time use.
Table 1. Time spent in primary activities (1) and percent of the civilian population engaging in each activity, averages per day by sex, 2006 annual averages Average hours per day, Average percent engaged Average hours per day civilian population in the activity per day for persons who engaged Activity in the activity Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women Total, all activities (2)............... 24.00 24.00 24.00 - - - - - - Personal care activities.............. 9.41 9.21 9.59 100.0 100.0 100.0 9.41 9.22 9.59 Sleeping........................... 8.63 8.56 8.69 99.9 99.9 100.0 8.63 8.57 8.69 Eating and drinking................... 1.23 1.25 1.22 96.0 96.0 96.1 1.29 1.31 1.27 Household activities.................. 1.79 1.33 2.23 74.0 63.7 83.6 2.42 2.09 2.66 Housework.......................... .61 .25 .95 36.1 19.5 51.8 1.69 1.27 1.83 Food preparation and cleanup....... .53 .29 .75 51.6 37.1 65.2 1.02 .79 1.15 Lawn and garden care............... .20 .26 .14 10.3 11.8 8.9 1.92 2.22 1.55 Household management............... .13 .11 .14 18.5 15.4 21.4 .68 .70 .67 Purchasing goods and services......... .81 .64 .96 45.5 40.3 50.3 1.78 1.60 1.91 Consumer goods purchases........... .40 .29 .51 41.1 36.3 45.6 .98 .80 1.12 Professional and personal care services.......................... .09 .06 .11 8.8 6.4 11.0 .98 .98 .99 Caring for and helping household members.............................. .53 .33 .71 25.2 19.9 30.2 2.09 1.64 2.37 Caring for and helping household children.......................... .41 .24 .57 21.6 16.5 26.4 1.90 1.48 2.15 Caring for and helping nonhousehold members.............................. .21 .18 .24 13.1 11.3 14.8 1.63 1.63 1.62 Caring for and helping nonhousehold adults............................ .07 .07 .08 8.1 7.5 8.7 .92 .93 .91 Working and work-related activities... 3.75 4.53 3.02 46.5 52.6 40.8 8.06 8.60 7.40 Working............................ 3.40 4.10 2.74 44.8 51.0 39.0 7.59 8.04 7.04 Educational activities................ .49 .45 .53 9.4 8.6 10.1 5.20 5.19 5.21 Attending class.................... .30 .29 .32 6.8 6.4 7.1 4.51 4.55 4.47 Homework and research.............. .15 .12 .17 6.0 5.2 6.8 2.42 2.35 2.46 Organizational, civic, and religious activities........................... .30 .29 .31 13.3 12.0 14.5 2.26 2.39 2.16 Religious and spiritual activities .12 .11 .13 7.7 6.5 8.8 1.57 1.62 1.54 Volunteering (organizational and civic activities)................. .13 .13 .13 6.7 6.2 7.1 2.00 2.14 1.88 Leisure and sports.................... 5.09 5.47 4.72 96.4 96.4 96.4 5.28 5.68 4.90 Socializing and communicating...... .76 .71 .80 40.4 37.4 43.2 1.87 1.90 1.84 Watching television................ 2.58 2.80 2.36 79.5 80.8 78.2 3.24 3.46 3.02 Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation.................... .28 .38 .18 17.1 19.5 14.8 1.64 1.96 1.24 Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail..... .19 .12 .26 25.9 19.2 32.3 .73 .63 .79 Other activities, not elsewhere classified........................... .21 .20 .22 13.9 12.2 15.5 1.50 1.64 1.39 1 A primary activity refers to an individual's main activity. Other activities done simultaneously are not included. 2 All major activity categories include related travel time. See Technical Note for activity category definitions. - Not applicable. NOTE: Data refer to persons 15 years and over.
Table 2. Time spent in primary activities (1) and percent of the civilian population engaging in each activity, averages per day on weekdays and weekends, 2006 annual averages Average hours per Average percent Average hours per day, civilian engaged in the day for persons who population activity per day engaged in the activity Activity Weekends Weekends Weekends Weekdays and Weekdays and Weekdays and holidays holidays holidays (2) (2) (2) Total, all activities (3).................... 24.00 24.00 - - - - Personal care activities................... 9.12 10.08 100.0 100.0 9.12 10.08 Sleeping................................ 8.33 9.32 100.0 99.9 8.33 9.33 Eating and drinking........................ 1.18 1.37 96.1 95.7 1.22 1.43 Household activities....................... 1.66 2.11 73.3 75.5 2.26 2.79 Housework............................... .57 .70 35.1 38.5 1.62 1.82 Food preparation and cleanup............ .51 .57 52.1 50.5 .98 1.13 Lawn and garden care.................... .16 .27 9.6 11.9 1.72 2.30 Household management.................... .12 .15 18.7 18.0 .62 .83 Purchasing goods and services.............. .76 .93 44.8 46.9 1.69 1.98 Consumer goods purchases................ .34 .55 39.3 45.2 .87 1.22 Professional and personal care services .10 .04 10.7 4.2 .98 1.02 Caring for and helping household members... .56 .45 26.6 21.8 2.10 2.04 Caring for and helping household children............................... .43 .37 22.8 18.8 1.87 1.99 Caring for and helping nonhousehold members .19 .26 12.5 14.5 1.53 1.81 Caring for and helping nonhousehold adults................................. .06 .11 7.6 9.5 .80 1.14 Working and work-related activities........ 4.77 1.36 56.2 23.9 8.48 5.70 Working................................. 4.33 1.23 54.2 22.8 7.98 5.42 Educational activities..................... .63 .16 10.7 6.4 5.90 2.49 Attending class......................... .42 .04 8.5 2.7 4.90 1.63 Homework and research................... .16 .10 6.9 4.0 2.38 2.54 Organizational, civic, and religious activities................................ .20 .53 10.4 20.0 1.95 2.63 Religious and spiritual activities...... .04 .30 4.1 16.0 1.06 1.88 Volunteering (organizational and civic activities)............................ .13 .15 6.7 6.7 1.89 2.25 Leisure and sports......................... 4.54 6.37 95.9 97.6 4.73 6.52 Socializing and communicating........... .60 1.11 37.9 46.1 1.59 2.41 Watching television..................... 2.35 3.10 78.6 81.6 2.99 3.80 Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation............................. .26 .33 17.5 16.3 1.48 2.03 Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail.......... .20 .17 27.9 21.3 .71 .81 Other activities, not elsewhere classified .20 .22 13.9 13.8 1.45 1.62 1 A primary activity refers to an individual's main activity. Other activities done simultaneously are not included. 2 Holidays are New Year's Day, Easter, Memorial Day, the Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. 3 All major activity categories include related travel time. See Technical Note for activity category definitions. - Not applicable. NOTE: Data refer to persons 15 years and over.
Table 3. Time spent in primary activities (1) for the civilian population by age, sex, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, marital status, and educational attainment, 2006 annual averages Average hours per day spent in primary activities (2) Orga- Other Pur- Caring Caring Working niza- Tele- activi- Characteristic Person- Eating House- chas- for and for and and Educa- tional, phone ties, al care and hold ing helping helping work- tional civic, Leisure calls, not activi- drink- activi- goods house- non- related activi- and and mail, else- ties ing ties and hold house- activi- ties reli- sports and where ser- members hold ties gious e-mail classi- vices members activi- fied ties Total, 15 years and over..... 9.41 1.23 1.79 0.81 0.53 0.21 3.75 0.49 0.30 5.09 0.19 0.21 15 to 19 years............. 10.30 1.07 .76 .56 .15 .21 1.39 3.29 .34 5.40 .33 .22 20 to 24 years............. 9.64 1.21 1.05 .67 .51 .20 4.23 .80 .21 5.03 .19 .24 25 to 34 years............. 9.31 1.19 1.55 .81 1.07 .12 4.77 .39 .16 4.30 .14 .17 35 to 44 years............. 9.12 1.18 1.87 .87 .98 .19 4.96 .15 .30 4.09 .13 .16 45 to 54 years............. 9.10 1.17 1.97 .82 .36 .24 5.06 .09 .29 4.52 .17 .20 55 to 64 years............. 9.19 1.31 2.11 .91 .16 .28 3.80 .04 .39 5.41 .18 .20 65 to 74 years............. 9.68 1.44 2.64 .93 .13 .30 .94 .05 .38 6.97 .24 .29 75 years and over.......... 9.83 1.50 2.32 .80 .12 .21 .34 .06 .43 7.82 .30 .27 Men, 15 years and over...... 9.21 1.25 1.33 .64 .33 .18 4.53 .45 .29 5.47 .12 .20 15 to 19 years............. 10.26 1.02 .61 .38 .10 .20 1.53 3.08 .34 6.02 .24 .23 20 to 24 years............. 9.36 1.23 .84 .46 .12 .22 4.62 .65 .23 5.80 .17 .27 25 to 34 years............. 9.10 1.20 1.03 .62 .50 .11 6.00 .38 .15 4.66 .10 .16 35 to 44 years............. 8.93 1.22 1.28 .66 .66 .14 6.13 .06 .28 4.42 .07 .15 45 to 54 years............. 8.85 1.21 1.50 .64 .32 .21 5.85 .06 .29 4.81 .09 .18 55 to 64 years............. 8.97 1.34 1.70 .79 .13 .21 4.26 .03 .37 5.90 .11 .20 65 to 74 years............. 9.74 1.51 2.20 .87 .12 .30 1.07 .02 .34 7.36 .13 .33 75 years and over.......... 9.60 1.52 1.77 .75 .17 .19 .61 .04 .44 8.49 .18 .23 Women, 15 years and over.... 9.59 1.22 2.23 .96 .71 .24 3.02 .53 .31 4.72 .26 .22 15 to 19 years............. 10.34 1.11 .92 .74 .19 .23 1.24 3.51 .33 4.75 .42 .21 20 to 24 years............. 9.93 1.20 1.26 .87 .91 .17 3.83 .96 .19 4.24 .21 .22 25 to 34 years............. 9.53 1.18 2.08 .99 1.64 .14 3.54 .40 .18 3.95 .19 .18 35 to 44 years............. 9.31 1.15 2.45 1.07 1.30 .24 3.81 .23 .32 3.77 .18 .18 45 to 54 years............. 9.35 1.12 2.42 1.00 .40 .27 4.31 .12 .29 4.25 .24 .23 55 to 64 years............. 9.40 1.28 2.49 1.01 .19 .35 3.37 .05 .42 4.96 .25 .21 65 to 74 years............. 9.63 1.39 3.01 .97 .14 .30 .83 .07 .41 6.65 .34 .26 75 years and over.......... 9.98 1.48 2.68 .83 .09 .22 .17 .07 .43 7.38 .37 .30 White, 15 years and over.... 9.30 1.28 1.85 .81 .53 .21 3.76 .47 .29 5.09 .18 .21 Men........................ 9.11 1.31 1.37 .64 .33 .19 4.61 .42 .28 5.42 .11 .21 Women...................... 9.49 1.25 2.31 .98 .71 .24 2.96 .52 .30 4.76 .25 .22 Black or African American, 15 years and over........... 10.08 .87 1.38 .75 .46 .20 3.54 .43 .37 5.49 .25 .18 Men......................... 9.93 .81 .98 .64 .22 .18 3.97 .50 .36 6.10 .17 .14 Women....................... 10.19 .92 1.72 .83 .67 .21 3.19 .38 .38 4.99 .32 .20 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 15 years and over........... 9.67 1.18 1.85 .77 .60 .15 3.92 .69 .23 4.63 .13 .18 Men........................ 9.60 1.20 1.17 .56 .31 .14 4.95 .71 .19 4.92 .11 .15 Women...................... 9.75 1.16 2.58 .99 .92 .16 2.81 .67 .28 4.31 .15 .21 Marital status and sex: Married, spouse present..... 9.12 1.28 2.09 .88 .75 .21 4.08 .11 .33 4.79 .14 .21 Men........................ 8.90 1.31 1.49 .73 .51 .18 5.04 .07 .33 5.16 .08 .21 Women...................... 9.35 1.25 2.69 1.04 1.00 .24 3.12 .15 .32 4.41 .20 .22 Other marital statuses...... 9.75 1.18 1.43 .72 .25 .22 3.34 .94 .27 5.45 .25 .20 Men........................ 9.63 1.18 1.13 .53 .09 .19 3.86 .93 .23 5.87 .17 .19 Women...................... 9.86 1.17 1.70 .88 .39 .24 2.89 .95 .30 5.08 .32 .21 Educational attainment, 25 years and over: Less than a high school diploma.................... 9.86 1.10 2.38 .80 .50 .20 2.57 .04 .25 6.01 .10 .17 High school graduates, no college (3)................ 9.42 1.19 2.05 .76 .46 .25 3.58 .07 .28 5.57 .15 .21 Some college or associate degree..................... 9.21 1.24 1.94 .92 .58 .23 4.25 .22 .29 4.76 .19 .18 Bachelor's degree and higher (4)................. 8.94 1.41 1.77 .91 .71 .18 4.72 .22 .37 4.33 .22 .23 1 A primary activity refers to an individual's main activity. Other activities done simultaneously are not included. 2 All major activity categories include related travel time. See Technical Note for activity category definitions. 3 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 4 Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Unless otherwise specified, data refer to persons 15 years and over. Persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race.
Table 4. Employed persons working and time spent working on days worked by full- and part-time status and sex, jobholding status, educational attainment, and day of week, 2006 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Employed persons who Employed persons who Employed persons who worked on an average worked on an average worked on an average day weekday Saturday, Sunday, and Total holiday (1) Characteristic employ- ed Percent Average Percent Average Percent Average Number of hours Number- of hours Number- of hours employ- of (3) employ- of (4) employ- of ed work(2) ed work(2) ed work(2) Full- and part-time status and sex Total, 15 years and over (5)............ 151,175 104,048 68.8 7.60 126,176 83.5 7.99 52,673 34.8 5.43 Full-time workers.................... 117,880 85,035 72.1 8.12 104,111 88.3 8.54 40,760 34.6 5.59 Part-time workers.................... 33,295 19,012 57.1 5.30 22,067 66.3 5.40 11,914 35.8 4.87 Men(5)................................. 80,637 57,426 71.2 8.04 69,041 85.6 8.47 30,198 37.4 5.75 Full-time workers.................... 68,954 50,722 73.6 8.44 61,214 88.8 8.89 25,697 37.3 5.82 Part-time workers.................... 11,684 6,704 57.4 5.08 7,747 66.3 5.01 4,491 38.4 5.34 Women (5).............................. 70,538 46,622 66.1 7.06 57,124 81.0 7.41 22,506 31.9 5.00 Full-time workers.................... 48,926 34,314 70.1 7.65 42,891 87.7 8.03 15,146 31.0 5.21 Part-time workers.................... 21,611 12,308 57.0 5.42 14,320 66.3 5.60 7,390 34.2 4.55 Jobholding status Single jobholders....................... 135,379 91,292 67.4 7.53 112,022 82.7 7.90 43,576 32.2 5.40 Multiple jobholders..................... 15,795 12,756 80.8 8.08 14,130 89.5 8.75 9,317 59.0 5.55 Educational attainment, 25 years and over Less than a high school diploma......... 11,035 7,301 66.2 7.87 9,279 84.1 7.96 2,713 24.6 7.12 High school graduates, no college (6)... 36,699 24,815 67.6 8.05 30,589 83.4 8.28 11,539 31.4 6.67 Some college or associate degree........ 34,941 24,388 69.8 7.74 29,668 84.9 8.13 11,780 33.7 5.38 Bachelor's degree and higher (7)........ 44,584 32,735 73.4 7.38 39,511 88.6 8.06 17,335 38.9 3.87 1 Holidays are New Year's Day, Easter, Memorial Day, the Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. 2 Includes work at main and other job(s), and excludes travel related to work. 3 Number was derived by multiplying the "Total employed" by the percent of employed persons who worked on an average weekday. 4 Number was derived by multiplying the "Total employed" by the percent of employed persons who worked on an average Saturday, Sunday, and holiday. 5 Includes workers whose hours vary. 6 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 7 Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Unless otherwise specified, data refer to persons 15 years and over.
Table 5. Employed persons working on main job and time spent working on days worked by class of worker, occupation, earnings, and day of week, 2006 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Employed persons who worked Employed persons who worked Employed persons who worked on an average day on an average weekday on an average Saturday, Sunday, and holiday (1) Characteristic Total employed Percent Average Percent Average Percent Average Number of hours of Number (3) of hours of Number (4) of hours of employed work (2) employed work (2) employed work (2) Class of worker (main job only) Wage and salary workers................... 139,901 94,208 67.3 7.61 115,885 82.8 7.95 43,855 31.3 5.51 Self-employed workers..................... 11,115 7,964 71.6 6.40 9,031 81.3 6.92 5,458 49.1 4.40 Occupation (main job only) Management, business, and financial operations............................... 21,568 16,135 74.8 7.69 19,626 91.0 8.33 8,103 37.6 4.17 Professional and related.................. 32,540 22,872 70.3 7.21 28,124 86.4 7.79 10,336 31.8 3.48 Services.................................. 25,897 15,804 61.0 7.07 18,051 69.7 7.19 10,355 40.0 6.56 Sales and related......................... 17,208 11,879 69.0 7.28 13,530 78.6 7.60 8,234 47.9 6.11 Office and administrative support......... 20,337 12,669 62.3 7.32 16,287 80.1 7.54 4,075 20.0 5.21 Farming, fishing, and forestry............ (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) Construction and extraction............... 8,202 5,338 65.1 8.08 7,274 88.7 8.34 1,331 16.2 (6) Installation, maintenance, and repair..... 5,510 3,880 70.4 8.16 4,871 88.4 8.37 1,441 26.1 (6) Production................................ 9,745 6,627 68.0 8.13 8,560 87.8 8.39 2,590 26.6 (6) Transportation and material moving........ 9,055 6,300 69.6 8.32 7,824 86.4 8.32 2,705 29.9 (6) Earnings of full-time wage and salary workers (main job only) (5) 0 - $460.................................. 26,950 18,575 68.9 7.73 22,950 85.2 7.86 8,662 32.1 6.92 $461 - $710............................... 26,514 17,650 66.6 8.05 22,026 83.1 8.34 6,772 25.5 5.76 $711 - $1,100............................. 27,002 19,427 71.9 8.24 24,633 91.2 8.58 7,462 27.6 5.66 $1,101 and higher......................... 26,546 19,256 72.5 8.08 23,784 89.6 8.72 9,022 34.0 4.26 1 Holidays are New Year's Day, Easter, Memorial Day, the Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. 2 Includes work at main job only and excludes travel related to work. 3 Number was derived by multiplying the "Total employed" by the percent of employed persons who worked on an average weekday. 4 Number was derived by multiplying the "Total employed" by the percent of employed persons who worked on an average Saturday, Sunday, and holiday. 5 These values are based on usual weekly earnings. Each earnings range represents approximately 25 percent of full-time wage and salary workers. 6 Data not shown where base is less than 1.2 million. NOTE: Data refer to persons 15 years and over.
Table 6. Employed persons working (1) at home and at their workplace and time spent working at each location by full- and part-time status and sex, jobholding status, and educational attainment, 2006 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Employed persons who Employed persons who Employed persons who worked on an average worked at their worked at home on an day workplace on an average average day (2) (3) day (2) Total Characteristic employ- ed Percent Average Percent Percent Average of hours of Average Number of hours Number those of work Number those hours employ- of work who at who of work ed worked work- worked at home place Full- and part-time status and sex Total, 15 years and over (4)............ 151,175 104,048 68.8 7.60 89,664 86.2 7.87 21,980 21.1 2.64 Full-time workers.................... 117,880 85,035 72.1 8.12 74,487 87.6 8.31 17,729 20.8 2.76 Part-time workers.................... 33,295 19,012 57.1 5.30 15,177 79.8 5.74 4,251 22.4 2.17 Men (4)................................ 80,637 57,426 71.2 8.04 49,741 86.6 8.28 12,386 21.6 2.60 Full-time workers.................... 68,954 50,722 73.6 8.44 44,428 87.6 8.61 10,828 21.3 2.69 Part-time workers.................... 11,684 6,704 57.4 5.08 5,313 79.2 5.59 1,558 23.2 2.01 Women (4).............................. 70,538 46,622 66.1 7.06 39,923 85.6 7.36 9,594 20.6 2.70 Full-time workers.................... 48,926 34,314 70.1 7.65 30,059 87.6 7.87 6,901 20.1 2.87 Part-time workers.................... 21,611 12,308 57.0 5.42 9,865 80.1 5.82 2,693 21.9 2.27 Jobholding status Single jobholders....................... 135,379 91,292 67.4 7.53 79,351 86.9 7.85 17,054 18.7 2.47 Multiple jobholders..................... 15,795 12,756 80.8 8.08 10,313 80.8 8.05 4,926 38.6 3.24 Educational attainment, 25 years and over Less than a high school diploma......... 11,035 7,301 66.2 7.87 6,869 94.1 7.92 402 5.5 (7) High school graduates, no college (5)... 36,699 24,815 67.6 8.05 22,402 90.3 8.15 3,227 13.0 2.94 Some college or associate degree........ 34,941 24,388 69.8 7.74 21,212 87.0 8.04 4,983 20.4 2.39 Bachelor's degree and higher (6)........ 44,584 32,735 73.4 7.38 25,496 77.9 7.88 12,104 37.0 2.71 1 Includes work at main and other job(s) and at locations other than home or workplace. Excludes travel related to work. 2 Individuals may have worked at more than one location. 3 "Working at home" includes any time persons did work at home and it is not restricted to persons whose usual workplace is their home. 4 Includes workers whose hours vary. 5 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 6 Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees. 7 Data not shown where base is less than 1.2 million. NOTE: Data refer to persons 15 years and over.
Table 7. Employed persons working on main job (1) at home and at their workplace and time spent working at each location by class of worker, occupation, and earnings, 2006 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Employed persons who worked Employed persons who worked Employed persons who worked on an average day at their workplace on an at home on an average average day (2) day(2) (3) Total Characteristic employed Percent Average Percent Average Percent Average Number of hours of Number of those hours of Number of those hours of employed work who work at who work at worked workplace worked home Class of worker (main job only) Wage and salary workers................... 139,901 94,208 67.3 7.61 84,013 89.2 7.85 15,557 16.5 2.27 Self-employed workers..................... 11,115 7,964 71.6 6.40 4,565 57.3 7.10 4,447 55.8 3.51 Occupation (main job only) Management, business, and financial operations............................... 21,568 16,135 74.8 7.69 12,757 79.1 8.13 5,206 32.3 2.91 Professional and related.................. 32,540 22,872 70.3 7.21 18,739 81.9 7.69 7,592 33.2 2.03 Services.................................. 25,897 15,804 61.0 7.07 13,981 88.5 7.21 1,918 12.1 4.28 Sales and related......................... 17,208 11,879 69.0 7.28 10,164 85.6 7.68 2,415 20.3 2.44 Office and administrative support......... 20,337 12,669 62.3 7.32 11,725 92.5 7.65 1,039 8.2 (5) Farming, fishing, and forestry............ (5) (5) (5) (5) (5) (5) (5) (5) (5) (5) Construction and extraction............... 8,202 5,338 65.1 8.08 4,861 91.1 8.13 776 14.5 (5) Installation, maintenance, and repair..... 5,510 3,880 70.4 8.16 3,618 93.2 8.19 423 10.9 (5) Production................................ 9,745 6,627 68.0 8.13 6,395 96.5 8.23 249 3.8 (5) Transportation and material moving........ 9,055 6,300 69.6 8.32 5,670 90.0 8.35 384 6.1 (5) Earnings of full-time wage and salary workers (main job only) (4) 0 - $460.................................. 26,950 18,575 68.9 7.73 17,561 94.5 7.81 1,431 7.7 (5) $461 - $710............................... 26,514 17,650 66.6 8.05 16,328 92.5 8.23 1,954 11.1 1.70 $711 - $1,100............................. 27,002 19,427 71.9 8.24 17,613 90.7 8.46 3,155 16.2 1.77 $1,101 and higher......................... 26,546 19,256 72.5 8.08 16,212 84.2 8.49 5,576 29.0 2.25 1 Includes work at main job only and at locations other than home or workplace. Excludes travel related to work. 2 Individuals may have worked at more than one location. 3 "Working at home" includes any time persons did work at home and it is not restricted to persons whose usual workplace is their home. 4 These values are based on usual weekly earnings. Each earnings range represents approximately 25 percent of full-time wage and salary workers. 5 Data not shown where base is less than 1.2 million. NOTE: Data refer to persons 15 years and over.
Table 8. Time spent in primary activities (1) for the civilian population 18 years and over by employment status, presence and age of youngest household child, and sex, 2006 annual averages Total Average hours per day spent in primary activities Activity Youngest household Youngest household No household child under 6 child 6-17 children under 18 Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women Total, all activities (2).................. 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 Personal care activities................. 9.22 8.90 9.48 9.29 9.08 9.48 9.42 9.22 9.61 Sleeping.............................. 8.60 8.35 8.80 8.51 8.42 8.60 8.59 8.55 8.64 Eating and drinking...................... 1.16 1.23 1.10 1.14 1.15 1.13 1.31 1.32 1.30 Household activities..................... 1.94 1.25 2.49 1.93 1.36 2.43 1.82 1.43 2.21 Housework............................. .73 .26 1.12 .70 .26 1.09 .58 .25 .90 Food preparation and cleanup.......... .69 .33 .99 .61 .33 .87 .50 .30 .70 Lawn and garden care.................. .15 .23 .09 .17 .25 .11 .23 .29 .18 Household management.................. .11 .09 .13 .12 .09 .14 .14 .12 .16 Purchasing goods and services............ .83 .63 .99 .90 .71 1.06 .81 .67 .94 Consumer goods purchases.............. .45 .33 .55 .46 .30 .60 .39 .29 .48 Professional and personal care services............................. .07 .04 .09 .07 .04 .10 .10 .08 .12 Caring for and helping household members................................. 1.98 1.24 2.57 .81 .55 1.03 .07 .05 .08 Caring for and helping household children............................. 1.76 1.09 2.30 .61 .40 .80 - - - Caring for and helping nonhousehold members................................. .12 .10 .14 .16 .16 .16 .26 .22 .31 Caring for and helping nonhousehold adults............................... .06 .04 .08 .06 .07 .04 .09 .08 .10 Working and work-related activities...... 4.21 6.06 2.71 4.44 5.44 3.57 3.68 4.24 3.13 Working............................... 3.82 5.46 2.49 4.03 4.90 3.26 3.35 3.87 2.84 Educational activities................... .16 .13 .18 .27 .20 .32 .29 .23 .34 Attending class....................... .07 .05 .09 .12 .11 .12 .14 .11 .17 Homework and research................. .08 .07 .08 .12 .08 .16 .12 .11 .14 Organizational, civic, and religious activities.............................. .24 .22 .25 .32 .29 .34 .30 .29 .31 Religious and spiritual activities ... .10 .09 .11 .12 .10 .14 .12 .10 .14 Volunteering (organizational and civic activities).................... .10 .10 .10 .15 .14 .15 .13 .13 .13 Leisure and sports....................... 3.86 4.04 3.71 4.38 4.71 4.08 5.63 5.99 5.26 Socializing and communicating......... .75 .72 .78 .75 .72 .77 .74 .70 .79 Watching television................... 1.97 2.02 1.92 2.20 2.39 2.03 2.92 3.18 2.66 Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation....................... .21 .29 .15 .27 .39 .17 .26 .33 .18 Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail........ .12 .05 .18 .14 .10 .18 .21 .13 .29 Other activities, not elsewhere classified.............................. .17 .14 .19 .23 .24 .23 .21 .20 .22 Employed Personal care activities................. 8.98 8.73 9.31 9.08 8.79 9.37 9.12 8.89 9.38 Sleeping.............................. 8.34 8.19 8.54 8.31 8.17 8.46 8.31 8.19 8.44 Eating and drinking...................... 1.18 1.24 1.10 1.14 1.16 1.13 1.28 1.31 1.24 Household activities..................... 1.49 1.16 1.92 1.68 1.30 2.07 1.39 1.15 1.66 Housework............................. .51 .24 .86 .55 .22 .89 .39 .21 .61 Food preparation and cleanup.......... .48 .29 .73 .52 .31 .74 .36 .23 .51 Lawn and garden care.................. .15 .21 .07 .18 .24 .11 .17 .20 .14 Household management.................. .11 .10 .13 .11 .09 .13 .12 .11 .13 Purchasing goods and services............ .78 .63 .98 .82 .69 .95 .75 .59 .94 Consumer goods purchases.............. .41 .33 .52 .42 .31 .54 .37 .27 .49 Professional and personal care services............................. .06 .03 .10 .06 .04 .09 .08 .06 .10 Caring for and helping household members................................. 1.60 1.20 2.13 .72 .53 .91 .04 .03 .05 Caring for and helping household children............................. 1.40 1.05 1.86 .54 .39 .70 - - - Caring for and helping nonhousehold members................................. .09 .09 .09 .15 .17 .14 .23 .20 .27 Caring for and helping nonhousehold adults............................... .03 .04 .03 .06 .07 .04 .09 .08 .10 Working and work-related activities...... 5.78 6.61 4.70 5.66 6.44 4.86 5.88 6.26 5.45 Working............................... 5.29 5.98 4.38 5.18 5.84 4.50 5.40 5.75 4.99 Educational activities................... .14 .12 .16 .21 .16 .26 .26 .20 .33 Attending class....................... .06 .05 .09 .08 .08 .08 .12 .09 .16 Homework and research................. .06 .06 .06 .12 .07 .16 .12 .10 .14 Organizational, civic, and religious activities.............................. .23 .21 .25 .31 .30 .31 .24 .26 .22 Religious and spiritual activities ... .10 .10 .11 .11 .10 .13 .09 .09 .09 Volunteering (organizational and civic activities).................... .09 .08 .10 .15 .16 .14 .10 .11 .09 Leisure and sports....................... 3.51 3.85 3.06 3.90 4.17 3.63 4.49 4.84 4.08 Socializing and communicating......... .73 .71 .75 .67 .63 .71 .66 .63 .70 Watching television................... 1.71 1.90 1.46 1.93 2.12 1.74 2.26 2.46 2.02 Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation....................... .22 .29 .12 .24 .33 .15 .26 .33 .19 Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail........ .10 .05 .16 .11 .08 .14 .17 .11 .23 Other activities, not elsewhere classified.............................. .14 .12 .16 .21 .20 .22 .16 .16 .15 Not employed Personal care activities................. 9.84 10.62 9.71 10.04 10.61 9.75 9.90 9.90 9.90 Sleeping.............................. 9.26 9.97 9.14 9.21 9.72 8.95 9.06 9.27 8.90 Eating and drinking...................... 1.12 1.22 1.10 1.12 1.09 1.13 1.36 1.35 1.38 Household activities..................... 3.08 2.13 3.24 2.80 1.72 3.35 2.53 1.98 2.94 Housework............................. 1.32 .43 1.47 1.21 .44 1.60 .89 .35 1.30 Food preparation and cleanup.......... 1.24 .69 1.33 .94 .42 1.21 .72 .42 .95 Lawn and garden care.................. .15 .43 .10 .16 .26 .11 .34 .49 .22 Household management.................. .11 .03 .13 .15 .13 .16 .18 .14 .20 Purchasing goods and services............ .95 .63 1.00 1.17 .85 1.33 .90 .82 .96 Consumer goods purchases.............. .56 .39 .59 .59 .25 .77 .41 .34 .46 Professional and personal care services............................. .08 .07 .09 .10 .04 .13 .14 .12 .15 Caring for and helping household members................................. 2.94 1.68 3.15 1.11 .63 1.36 .12 .10 .13 Caring for and helping household children............................. 2.67 1.53 2.86 .86 .47 1.06 - - - Caring for and helping nonhousehold members................................. .21 .18 .21 .18 .13 .20 .32 .27 .36 Caring for and helping nonhousehold adults............................... .12 .06 .13 .06 .07 .05 .09 .09 .10 Working and work-related activities (3) . .18 .56 .12 .20 .23 .19 .10 .15 .07 Working (3)........................... .04 .10 .03 .03 .00 .04 .02 .05 .00 Educational activities................... .22 .25 .22 .44 .41 .46 .33 .30 .35 Attending class....................... .09 .03 .10 .25 .26 .24 .17 .15 .18 Homework and research................. .12 .19 .10 .15 .12 .17 .13 .12 .14 Organizational, civic, and religious activities.............................. .26 .31 .25 .35 .22 .41 .39 .34 .43 Religious and spiritual activities .11 .07 .12 .16 .11 .18 .16 .13 .19 Volunteering (organizational and civic activities).................... .12 .22 .10 .14 .06 .18 .17 .17 .18 Leisure and sports....................... 4.76 5.97 4.56 6.02 7.55 5.25 7.48 8.33 6.83 Socializing and communicating......... .81 .75 .82 1.03 1.23 .93 .87 .84 .89 Watching television................... 2.63 3.22 2.53 3.14 3.79 2.80 4.00 4.64 3.51 Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation....................... .20 .31 .18 .38 .71 .21 .24 .35 .16 Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail........ .18 .04 .20 .26 .15 .31 .27 .16 .36 Other activities, not elsewhere classified.............................. .25 .40 .22 .31 .44 .24 .30 .29 .30 1 A primary activity refers to an individual's main activity. Other activities done simultaneously are not included. 2 All major activity categories include related travel time. See Technical Note for activity category definitions. 3 Estimates include a small amount of work time done by persons who do not meet the ATUS definition for employed. - Not applicable.
Table 9. Time spent caring for household children under 18 by sex of adult (1) and age of youngest child by day of week, average for the combined years 2003-06 Average hours per day spent caring for household children Childcare activities Total Weekdays Weekends and holidays (2) Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women Persons in households with children under 18, total: Caring for household children as a primary activity...... 1.31 0.82 1.73 1.40 0.79 1.92 1.10 0.87 1.30 Physical care........................................... .45 .22 .64 .48 .21 .70 .38 .23 .51 Education-related activities............................ .10 .06 .13 .13 .08 .17 .04 .03 .05 Reading to/with children................................ .04 .02 .05 .04 .02 .05 .03 .02 .04 Talking to/with children................................ .05 .03 .07 .06 .03 .08 .04 .02 .05 Playing/doing hobbies with children..................... .25 .22 .28 .24 .19 .28 .29 .29 .29 Looking after children.................................. .07 .06 .09 .07 .05 .08 .08 .07 .09 Attending children's events............................. .06 .05 .06 .05 .04 .05 .08 .07 .09 Travel related to care of household children............ .17 .11 .23 .21 .12 .28 .09 .07 .10 Other childcare activities.............................. .12 .06 .17 .14 .06 .21 .07 .05 .08 Persons in households with youngest child 6 to 17 years: Caring for household children as a primary activity.... .78 .49 1.02 .86 .51 1.16 .58 .45 .69 Physical care......................................... .15 .07 .23 .17 .07 .26 .10 .05 .14 Education-related activities.......................... .12 .07 .16 .15 .09 .20 .05 .03 .06 Reading to/with children.............................. .02 .01 .02 .02 .01 .02 .02 .01 .03 Talking to/with children.............................. .07 .03 .10 .08 .04 .11 .05 .03 .07 Playing/doing hobbies with children................... .05 .07 .05 .05 .06 .04 .07 .09 .07 Looking after children................................ .04 .03 .05 .04 .03 .05 .04 .03 .05 Attending children's events........................... .07 .06 .08 .06 .05 .07 .11 .09 .12 Travel related to care of household children.......... .16 .10 .21 .19 .12 .25 .09 .07 .11 Other childcare activities............................ .10 .05 .13 .11 .05 .17 .05 .04 .06 Persons in households with youngest child under 6: Caring for household children as a primary activity.... 1.96 1.22 2.58 2.06 1.15 2.83 1.72 1.38 2.00 Physical care......................................... .81 .41 1.15 .85 .39 1.23 .72 .45 .95 Education-related activities.......................... .08 .05 .10 .10 .06 .14 .02 .02 .03 Reading to/with children.............................. .06 .03 .08 .06 .03 .09 .05 .04 .06 Talking to/with children.............................. .03 .02 .04 .04 .02 .05 .02 .02 .03 Playing/doing hobbies with children................... .49 .41 .56 .47 .35 .57 .54 .54 .54 Looking after children................................ .12 .10 .13 .11 .08 .13 .14 .13 .15 Attending children's events........................... .04 .03 .04 .03 .02 .04 .05 .05 .05 Travel related to care of household children.......... .18 .11 .25 .23 .12 .32 .08 .07 .09 Other childcare activities............................ .15 .07 .22 .18 .07 .27 .09 .07 .10 1 Persons 18 years and over living in households with children under 18, whether or not they provided childcare. 2 Holidays are New Year's Day, Easter, Memorial Day, the Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. Data were not collected about Christmas Day in 2003 and Thanksgiving Day in 2003-05.
Table 10. Time spent providing secondary childcare for household children under 13 by sex of adult (1) and age of youngest child by day of week, average for the combined years 2003-06 Average hours per day spent caring for household children (3) Childcare activities (2) Total Weekdays Weekends and holidays (4) Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women Persons in households with children under 13, total.............. 5.31 4.11 6.30 4.37 3.00 5.50 7.49 6.68 8.18 Caring for household children as a secondary activity in conjunction with: Personal care activities...................................... .28 .20 .35 .25 .18 .31 .34 .22 .43 Household activities.......................................... 1.27 .70 1.74 1.08 .49 1.57 1.70 1.19 2.12 Purchasing goods and services................................. .41 .26 .53 .31 .15 .45 .63 .51 .73 Working and work-related activities........................... .20 .16 .23 .22 .16 .27 .15 .17 .13 Eating and drinking........................................... .64 .56 .71 .53 .44 .61 .90 .85 .94 Leisure and sports............................................ 2.10 1.94 2.23 1.66 1.40 1.86 3.14 3.18 3.10 Other activities.............................................. .41 .29 .51 .31 .17 .42 .65 .55 .73 Persons in households with youngest child 6 to 12, total...... 4.88 3.94 5.65 3.79 2.75 4.63 7.43 6.66 8.06 Caring for household children as a secondary activity in conjunction with: Personal care activities.................................... .27 .19 .33 .24 .17 .29 .34 .23 .43 Household activities........................................ 1.13 .70 1.48 .88 .45 1.22 1.73 1.28 2.10 Purchasing goods and services............................... .32 .20 .42 .23 .11 .33 .54 .42 .64 Working and work-related activities......................... .22 .18 .24 .23 .17 .29 .17 .21 .15 Eating and drinking......................................... .55 .50 .60 .44 .38 .49 .81 .76 .85 Leisure and sports.......................................... 1.99 1.86 2.10 1.49 1.28 1.66 3.15 3.18 3.12 Other activities............................................ .39 .30 .47 .27 .18 .35 .68 .58 .76 Persons in households with youngest child under 6, total...... 5.62 4.24 6.78 4.79 3.18 6.13 7.54 6.68 8.26 Caring for household children as a secondary activity in conjunction with: Personal care activities.................................... .28 .20 .35 .26 .19 .32 .33 .22 .42 Household activities........................................ 1.37 .70 1.92 1.23 .52 1.83 1.67 1.13 2.13 Purchasing goods and services............................... .47 .30 .61 .37 .18 .53 .70 .58 .79 Working and work-related activities......................... .19 .15 .22 .21 .15 .27 .13 .14 .12 Eating and drinking......................................... .71 .61 .78 .59 .48 .69 .96 .91 1.01 Leisure and sports.......................................... 2.18 2.00 2.34 1.77 1.49 2.01 3.13 3.18 3.08 Other activities............................................ .42 .28 .54 .34 .17 .47 .62 .52 .71 1 Persons 18 years and over living in households with children under 13, whether or not they provided childcare. 2 All major activity categories include related travel time. See Technical Note for activity category definitions. 3 Secondary childcare time is defined as time one has a child under 13 "in his or her care" while doing something else as a main activity; information on secondary childcare is not collected for children over 12 years. Estimates include a small amount of care provided to own, nonhousehold children. 4 Holidays are New Year's Day, Easter, Memorial Day, the Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. Data were not collected about Christmas Day in 2003 and Thanksgiving Day in 2003-05.
Table 11. Time spent in leisure and sports activities for the civilian population by selected characteristics, 2006 annual averages Average hours per day spent in leisure and sports activities Partici- Other pating in Playing leisure Total, all sports, Socializ- games and and leisure and exercise, ing and Watching Reading Relaxing/ computer sports sports and communi- TV thinking use for activi- activities recre- cating leisure ties, ation including Characteristic travel (1) Week- Week- Week Week- Week- Week- Week- Week- To- Week-ends Week-ends Week-ends Week-ends Week-ends Week-ends Week ends Week-ends tal, days and days and days and days and days and days and days- and days and all holi- holi- holi- holi- holi- holi- holi- holi- days days days days days days days days days (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Sex Men..................................... 5.47 4.83 6.98 0.35 0.47 0.57 1.05 2.49 3.53 0.28 0.38 0.31 0.34 0.40 0.48 0.43 0.73 Women................................... 4.72 4.26 5.80 .18 .20 .64 1.17 2.22 2.69 .38 .51 .28 .33 .21 .27 .36 .63 Age Total, 15 years and over................ 5.09 4.54 6.37 .26 .33 .60 1.11 2.35 3.10 .33 .44 .29 .33 .30 .37 .40 .68 15 to 19 years....................... 5.40 4.85 6.68 .58 .69 .76 1.32 1.96 2.45 .11 .11 .15 .13 .69 1.00 .61 .98 20 to 24 years....................... 5.03 4.45 6.42 .38 .54 .77 1.26 1.95 2.66 .14 .24 .18 .22 .40 .61 .64 .89 25 to 34 years....................... 4.30 3.64 5.86 .20 .30 .57 1.22 1.92 2.85 .15 .19 .17 .20 .30 .37 .33 .72 35 to 44 years....................... 4.09 3.56 5.34 .21 .28 .48 1.04 1.88 2.65 .20 .26 .26 .26 .18 .26 .34 .58 45 to 54 years....................... 4.52 3.90 5.98 .20 .34 .57 1.05 2.11 3.03 .29 .40 .25 .27 .20 .25 .28 .64 55 to 64 years....................... 5.41 4.78 6.90 .21 .25 .57 1.05 2.59 3.59 .50 .65 .32 .46 .25 .29 .35 .60 65 to 74 years....................... 6.97 6.64 7.75 .29 .16 .64 1.08 3.75 4.07 .70 .90 .49 .59 .28 .28 .50 .66 75 years and over.................... 7.82 7.66 8.18 .18 .16 .69 .90 4.15 4.28 .97 1.35 .86 .83 .41 .20 .40 .45 Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity White................................... 5.09 4.51 6.43 .27 .35 .62 1.12 2.31 3.12 .35 .48 .26 .31 .30 .38 .40 .68 Black or African American............... 5.49 5.10 6.39 .19 .22 .59 1.02 2.85 3.44 .24 .23 .50 .54 .36 .26 .36 .69 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity............ 4.63 4.09 5.90 .26 .31 .58 1.32 2.38 2.98 .12 .12 .21 .23 .22 .32 .31 .63 Employment status Employed................................ 4.18 3.51 5.74 .22 .33 .52 1.07 1.77 2.75 .24 .31 .19 .25 .23 .32 .34 .70 Full-time workers.................... 4.09 3.36 5.78 .21 .33 .48 1.08 1.72 2.79 .20 .31 .19 .26 .22 .30 .33 .72 Part-time workers.................... 4.52 4.06 5.58 .26 .36 .67 1.04 1.96 2.60 .35 .32 .19 .21 .26 .42 .37 .63 Not employed............................ 6.75 6.42 7.55 .32 .32 .76 1.19 3.41 3.76 .50 .68 .49 .48 .44 .47 .50 .64 Earnings of full-time wage and salary workers (main job only) (3) 0 - $460................................ 4.25 3.56 5.81 .17 .21 .44 1.14 1.88 2.92 .20 .21 .23 .32 .26 .31 .37 .71 $461 - $710............................. 4.22 3.56 5.85 .18 .26 .51 .99 1.78 3.02 .15 .27 .23 .30 .28 .35 .43 .67 $711 - $1,100........................... 4.15 3.37 5.96 .20 .32 .50 1.15 1.79 2.91 .20 .29 .20 .27 .15 .33 .33 .69 $1,101 and higher....................... 3.88 3.12 5.61 .30 .48 .49 1.03 1.48 2.38 .26 .49 .11 .18 .20 .26 .27 .80 Presence and age of children No household children under 18.......... 5.63 5.09 6.90 .25 .31 .61 1.06 2.66 3.47 .44 .60 .35 .41 .34 .38 .45 .68 Household children under 18............. 4.27 3.71 5.57 .27 .36 .59 1.19 1.88 2.55 .17 .21 .22 .22 .25 .37 .32 .67 Children 13 to 17 years, none younger 4.92 4.40 6.24 .41 .45 .73 1.14 1.97 2.87 .24 .28 .25 .19 .34 .47 .46 .83 Children 6 to 12 years, none younger 4.24 3.63 5.65 .27 .37 .54 1.18 1.97 2.50 .17 .24 .20 .24 .24 .43 .25 .69 Youngest child under 6 years......... 3.92 3.36 5.17 .20 .32 .55 1.21 1.77 2.42 .13 .16 .21 .21 .20 .27 .30 .58 Marital status and sex Married, spouse present................. 4.79 4.23 6.10 .21 .27 .57 1.14 2.24 3.01 .34 .47 .30 .33 .24 .26 .34 .61 Men.................................. 5.16 4.52 6.71 .25 .35 .53 1.06 2.45 3.55 .32 .45 .34 .35 .27 .29 .35 .66 Women................................ 4.41 3.95 5.50 .18 .19 .62 1.22 2.02 2.48 .36 .50 .25 .31 .20 .24 .32 .57 Other marital statuses.................. 5.45 4.91 6.68 .31 .40 .64 1.07 2.49 3.20 .32 .41 .29 .33 .38 .50 .47 .76 Men.................................. 5.87 5.24 7.31 .47 .62 .62 1.03 2.54 3.50 .23 .29 .27 .32 .57 .72 .54 .83 Women................................ 5.08 4.62 6.12 .18 .22 .66 1.11 2.45 2.93 .40 .51 .31 .34 .22 .31 .41 .69 Educational attainment, 25 years and over Less than a high school diploma......... 6.01 5.54 7.13 .13 .18 .56 1.14 3.51 4.13 .26 .21 .64 .79 .16 .14 .29 .54 High school graduates, no college (4)... 5.57 5.06 6.76 .17 .22 .58 1.03 2.97 3.78 .32 .49 .39 .42 .28 .28 .36 .54 Some college or associate degree........ 4.76 4.23 6.02 .23 .22 .55 1.08 2.15 2.99 .44 .47 .26 .28 .27 .33 .32 .64 Bachelor's degree and higher (5)........ 4.33 3.69 5.78 .28 .41 .57 1.09 1.62 2.40 .44 .66 .17 .19 .24 .32 .38 .73 1 Includes other leisure and sports activities, not elsewhere classified, and travel related to leisure and sports activities. 2 Holidays are New Year's Day, Easter, Memorial Day, the Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. 3 These values are based on usual weekly earnings. Each earnings range represents approximately 25 percent of full-time wage and salary workers. 4 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 5 Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Unless otherwise specified, data refer to persons 15 years and over. Persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race.
Table 12. Average hours per day spent in primary activities (1) for the civilian population, 2003-06 quarterly and annual averages (Not seasonally adjusted) Quarterly averages Annual averages Activity I II III IV 2003(r) 2004(r) 2005(r) 2006 2003(r) 2004(r) 2005(r) 2006 2003(r) 2004(r) 2005(r) 2006 2003(r) 2004(r) 2005(r) 2006 2003(r) 2004(r) 2005(r) 2006 Total, all activities (2).................... 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 Personal care activities................... 9.38 9.44 9.52 9.42 9.28 9.33 9.35 9.27 9.33 9.32 9.42 9.38 9.36 9.25 9.43 9.56 9.34 9.33 9.43 9.41 Sleeping................................ 8.64 8.66 8.68 8.62 8.50 8.57 8.52 8.50 8.52 8.51 8.64 8.61 8.61 8.45 8.66 8.78 8.57 8.55 8.62 8.63 Eating and drinking........................ 1.14 1.24 1.25 1.25 1.26 1.31 1.27 1.25 1.20 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.22 1.19 1.22 1.19 1.21 1.24 1.24 1.23 Household activities....................... 1.72 1.76 1.67 1.74 1.93 1.91 1.96 1.90 1.85 1.87 1.91 1.77 1.83 1.70 1.77 1.75 1.83 1.81 1.83 1.79 Housework............................... .63 .60 .60 .60 .60 .60 .59 .60 .59 .61 .63 .58 .63 .55 .62 .65 .61 .59 .61 .61 Food preparation and cleanup............ .56 .57 .52 .54 .52 .50 .48 .54 .51 .50 .50 .51 .54 .50 .55 .52 .53 .52 .51 .53 Lawn and garden care.................... .08 .08 .07 .07 .33 .32 .36 .33 .26 .25 .24 .25 .12 .13 .13 .14 .20 .20 .20 .20 Household management.................... .12 .13 .15 .14 .12 .14 .14 .12 .13 .13 .14 .11 .15 .15 .16 .13 .13 .14 .15 .13 Purchasing goods and services.............. .76 .78 .73 .79 .83 .78 .81 .77 .82 .82 .80 .77 .84 .88 .86 .91 .81 .82 .80 .81 Consumer purchases...................... .37 .39 .37 .39 .40 .36 .40 .37 .38 .40 .40 .38 .46 .47 .46 .48 .40 .41 .41 .40 Professional and personal care services .10 .09 .08 .08 .10 .09 .09 .08 .10 .09 .07 .08 .08 .09 .09 .10 .09 .09 .08 .09 Caring for and helping household members... .57 .57 .56 .58 .53 .54 .56 .52 .52 .57 .50 .48 .62 .58 .55 .53 .56 .56 .54 .53 Caring for and helping household children............................... .45 .43 .45 .43 .40 .41 .43 .41 .38 .45 .39 .38 .48 .42 .42 .42 .42 .43 .42 .41 Caring for and helping nonhousehold members .24 .23 .22 .20 .30 .31 .24 .22 .30 .29 .22 .20 .28 .26 .26 .23 .28 .27 .24 .21 Caring for and helping nonhousehold adults................................. .09 .08 .07 .06 .11 .11 .09 .09 .11 .14 .07 .08 .10 .09 .09 .07 .10 .11 .08 .07 Working and work-related activities........ 3.64 3.43 3.71 3.67 3.81 3.74 3.73 3.85 3.77 3.68 3.81 3.84 3.56 3.80 3.54 3.62 3.69 3.66 3.70 3.75 Working................................. 3.28 3.09 3.36 3.32 3.43 3.41 3.39 3.46 3.40 3.32 3.46 3.52 3.21 3.49 3.22 3.30 3.33 3.33 3.36 3.40 Educational activities..................... .54 .65 .51 .55 .43 .43 .42 .47 .36 .26 .27 .38 .56 .57 .54 .56 .47 .48 .43 .49 Attending class......................... .33 .40 .30 .35 .26 .26 .26 .29 .20 .15 .16 .24 .35 .36 .31 .34 .29 .29 .26 .30 Homework and research................... .14 .19 .16 .16 .13 .13 .12 .13 .11 .08 .08 .11 .16 .16 .20 .18 .13 .14 .14 .15 Organizational, civic, and religious activities................................ .31 .32 .33 .27 .31 .32 .31 .33 .33 .30 .29 .26 .33 .30 .32 .34 .32 .31 .31 .30 Religious and spiritual activities...... .15 .12 .13 .11 .13 .12 .11 .11 .15 .13 .13 .12 .13 .11 .13 .14 .14 .12 .13 .12 Volunteering (organizational and civic activities)............................ .12 .16 .15 .12 .14 .16 .17 .17 .14 .14 .12 .09 .15 .14 .14 .15 .14 .15 .15 .13 Leisure and sports......................... 5.24 5.22 5.21 5.14 4.98 5.02 5.02 5.03 5.15 5.35 5.19 5.23 5.07 5.15 5.11 4.94 5.11 5.19 5.13 5.09 Socializing and communicating........... .70 .65 .72 .69 .83 .78 .69 .76 .86 .87 .82 .82 .73 .72 .76 .75 .78 .76 .75 .76 Watching television..................... 2.85 2.83 2.77 2.78 2.40 2.44 2.44 2.43 2.43 2.53 2.44 2.50 2.64 2.78 2.66 2.60 2.58 2.65 2.58 2.58 Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation............................. .26 .25 .22 .24 .29 .33 .34 .33 .36 .31 .32 .33 .25 .28 .27 .23 .29 .29 .29 .28 Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail.......... .20 .19 .18 .20 .18 .18 .16 .16 .19 .16 .18 .20 .19 .19 .20 .19 .19 .18 .18 .19 Other activities, not elsewhere classified .26 .17 .13 .18 .18 .14 .16 .22 .18 .14 .18 .25 .13 .13 .21 .18 .19 .14 .17 .21 1 A primary activity refers to an individual's main activity. Other activities done simultaneously are not included. 2 All major activity categories include related travel time. See Technical Note for activity category definitions. r = revised. Estimates for 2003, 2004, and 2005 have been revised to reflect the use of new weights. See the Technical Note for additional information. NOTE: Data refer to persons 15 years and over.