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Economic News Release
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BDM BDM Program Links

Quarterly Data Series on Business Employment Dynamics News Release

For release: 10:00 A.M. EST                                      USDL 11-0126
Tuesday, February 1, 2011

Technical information: (202) 691-6553  *  BDMinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/bdm

Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


          BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT DYNAMICS:  SECOND QUARTER 2010    

From March to June 2010 the number of gross job gains from opening
and expanding private sector establishments increased to 6.9 million,
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.  Over this 
period, gross job losses from closing and contracting private sector
establishments were 6.2 million.  Job losses have steadily decreased
from a recent high of 8.5 million in December 2008 to the lowest level
since the series began in September 1992. 

In the second quarter 2010 the net change in employment was 728,000. 
This represents the first positive net employment change since the 
recession began in December 2007 and the largest since March 2006.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of 
increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses
in the economy.  Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track
these changes in employment at private business units from the third 
month of one quarter to the third month of the next.  Gross job gains 
are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing 
units and the addition of new jobs at opening units.  Gross job losses
are the result of contractions in employment at existing units and the
loss of jobs at closing units.  The difference between the number of 
gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change 
in employment.  (See the Technical Note for more information.) 

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses at the
establishment level by industry subsector and for the 50 states, the 
District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, as well as 
gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size
class.

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
|             Upcoming Changes to Press Release Tables               |
|                                                                    |
| With the next release, table 4 will be redesigned to show the      |
| seasonally adjusted gross job gains and gross job losses and net   |
| change in employment by firm size for the most recent ten years.   |
| In addition, a new table will be added showing the components of   |
| gross job gains and losses by firm size.                           |                                           
 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Contracting establishments lost 5.1 million jobs in the second quarter
of 2010.  This is the smallest number of jobs lost at contracting 
establishments since the series began in September 1992. 

Second quarter job gains at expanding establishments rose to 5.7 
million after falling slightly in March 2010.  Job gains at expanding
establishments have increased in four of the last five quarters.

From March to June 2010 closing establishments lost 1.1 million jobs,
a decrease from the previous quarter’s loss of 1.2 million. 

Opening establishments gained 1.3 million jobs, an increase from the 
previous quarter when opening establishments created 1.1 million jobs.
(See tables 1 and 3.)

In second quarter 2010 there were 172,000 establishment births 
(a subset of the openings data, see the Technical Note for more
information); these new establishments added 698,000 jobs.  

Data for establishment deaths (a subset of the closings data) are
available through September 2009, when 793,000 jobs were lost at 
216,000 establishments.  (See table 7.)

The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the
number of gross jobs lost yielded a net change of 728,000 jobs in the
private sector for second quarter 2010.  (See table 1.)

Gross job gains represented 6.6 percent of private sector employment
in second quarter 2010, while gross job losses represented 5.9 percent
of private sector employment.  (See table 2.)

The financial activities, utilities, and information sectors were the
only sectors to post a net decrease in employment during second quarter 
2010.  The construction sector was slightly positive in second quarter 
2010 with a net employment change of 1,000.  This is the first 
positive net employment change for this industry since March 2007.  
(See table 3.) 

From March to June 2010 firms with 1-49 employees experienced a 
decrease in their share of total gross job gains from 56.2 percent
to 52.8 percent, while firms with 250 or more employees experienced
an increase in their share of gross job gains from 25.8 percent 
to 28.5 percent.  (See table 4.)



Table A.  Three-month private sector gross job gains and losses, 
seasonally adjusted 

Category                                 3 months ended

                                June    Sept.   Dec.    Mar.    June    
                                2009    2009    2009    2010    2010    

                                      Levels (in thousands)
                                      
Gross job gains................ 6,421   6,341   6,662   6,110   6,935
 At expanding establishments... 5,117   5,124   5,326   4,996   5,682
 At opening establishments..... 1,304   1,217   1,336   1,114   1,253

Gross job losses............... 8,025   7,241   6,890   6,421   6,207
 At contracting establishments. 6,644   5,883   5,598   5,231   5,064
 At closing establishments..... 1,381   1,358   1,292   1,190   1,143

Net employment change(1).......-1,604    -900    -228    -311     728
								
                                         Rates (percent)

Gross job gains................   6.0     5.9     6.4     5.8     6.6
 At expanding establishments...   4.8     4.8     5.1     4.7     5.4
 At opening establishments.....   1.2     1.1     1.3     1.1     1.2

Gross job losses...............   7.5     6.9     6.5     6.1     5.9
 At contracting establishments.   6.2     5.6     5.3     5.0     4.8
 At closing establishments.....   1.3     1.3     1.2     1.1     1.1

Net employment change(1).......  -1.5    -1.0     -.1     -.3      .7

    (1) The net employment change is the difference between total 
    gross job gains and total gross job losses.  See the Technical 
    Note for further information.


In the second quarter of 2010 six states experienced a negative net 
change in employment, a decrease from 35 states in the previous 
quarter.  California had the largest net gain in employment, which 
can be attributed to a sharp increase in gross job gains from 759,025
in March 2010 to 877,920 in June 2010.  California and Michigan 
experienced their lowest levels of gross job losses (775,156 and 
184,025, respectively) since the series began in third quarter 1992.
(See table 5.)  From March to June 2010, gross job gains as a percent
of total employment increased or remained unchanged in 49 states and 
the District of Columbia.  Hawaii was the only state to show a 
decrease in gross job gains.  (See table 6.)

More Information
Additional information on gross job gains and gross job losses are
available online at http://www.bls.gov/bdm.  This information 
includes data on the levels and rates of gross job gains and gross
job losses by firm size, the not seasonally adjusted data and other
seasonally adjusted time series not presented in this release, 
charts of gross job gains and gross job losses by industry and firm
size, and frequently asked questions on firm-size data.  Additional 
information about the Business Employment Dynamics data can be 
found in the Technical Note of this release or may be obtained by 
e-mailing BDMinfo@bls.gov. 
	
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 
| The Business Employment Dynamics for Third Quarter 2010 are           |
| scheduled to be released on Tuesday, May 3, 2011 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT)  |
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 






                                                                 
Technical Note

   
   The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-
state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages
(QCEW), or the ES-202 program.  The BED data are compiled by the U.S.
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing quarterly state unemployment
insurance (UI) records.  Most employers in the U.S. are required to file
quarterly reports on the employment and wages of workers covered by UI
laws, and to pay quarterly UI taxes.  The quarterly UI reports are sent by
the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs) to BLS and form the basis of the BLS 
establishment universe sampling frame.  These reports also are used to pro-
duce the quarterly QCEW data on total employment and wages and the longitu-
dinal BED data on gross job gains and losses.  Other important BLS uses 
of the UI reports are in the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program. 
(See table below for differences between QCEW, CES, and BED.)
                                     
   In the BED program, the quarterly UI records are linked across quarters
to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment.  The linkage
process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment
level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and
expanding establishments and jobs lost at closing and contracting establish-
ments.

Differences between QCEW, BED, and CES employment measures

   The BLS publishes three different establishment-based employment mea-
sures for any given quarter.  Each of these measures--QCEW, BED, and CES--
makes use of the quarterly UI employment reports in producing data; how-
ever, each measure has a somewhat different universe coverage, estimation 
procedure, and publication product.

   Differences in coverage and estimation methods can result in somewhat 
different measures of over-the-quarter employment change.  It is important to 
understand program differences and the intended uses of the program products.  
(See table below.)  Additional information on each program can be obtained 
from the program Web sites shown in the table.

				                                  
Summary of Major Differences between QCEW, BED, and CES Employment Measures
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
           |         QCEW        |         BED          |         CES
-----------|---------------------|----------------------|------------------------
Source     |--Count of UI admini-|--Count of longitudi- |--Sample survey: 
           |  strative records   |  nally-linked UI ad- |  410,000 establish-
           |  submitted by 9.0   |  ministrative records|  ments
           |  million employers  |  submitted by 6.7    |
           |                     |  million private sec-|
           |                     |  tor employers       |
-----------|---------------------|----------------------|------------------------
Coverage   |--UI and UCFE cover- |--UI Coverage, exclud-|Nonfarm wage and sal-
           |  age:  all employers|  ing government, pri-|  ary jobs:
           |  subject to state   |  vate households, and|--UI Coverage, exclud-
           |  and federal UI Laws|  establishments with |  ing agriculture, pri-
           |                     |  zero employment     |  vate households, and
           |                     |                      |  self-employed workers
           |                     |                      |--Other employment, in-
           |                     |                      |  cluding railroads, 
           |                     |                      |  religious organiza-
           |                     |                      |  tions, and other non-
           |                     |                      |  UI-covered jobs
-----------|---------------------|----------------------|------------------------
Publication|--Quarterly          |--Quarterly           |--Monthly 
frequency  |  -7 months after the|  -8 months after the |  -Usually first Friday
           |   end of each quar- |   end of each quarter|   of following month
           |   ter               |                      |
-----------|---------------------|----------------------|------------------------
Use of UI  |--Directly summarizes|--Links each new UI   |--Uses UI file as a sam-
file       |  and publishes each |  quarter to longitu- |  pling frame and annu-
           |  new quarter of UI  |  dinal database and  |  ally realigns (bench-
           |  data               |  directly summarizes |  marks) sample esti-    
           |                     |  gross job gains and |  mates to first quar-  
           |                     |  losses              |  ter UI levels
-----------|---------------------|----------------------|------------------------
Principal  |--Provides a quarter-|--Provides quarterly  |--Provides current month-
products   |  ly and annual uni- |  employer dynamics   |  ly estimates of employ-
           |  verse count of es- |  data on establish-  |  ment, hours, and earn-
           |  tablishments, em-  |  ment openings, clos-|  ings at the MSA, state,
           |  ployment, and wages|  ings, expansions,   |  and national level by
           |  at the county, MSA,|  and contractions at |  industry
           |  state, and national|  the national level  |
           |  levels by detailed |  by NAICS super-     |
           |  industry           |  sectors and by size |
           |                     |  of firm, and at the |   
           |                     |  state private-sector|
           |                     |  total level         | 
           |                     |--Future expansions   |
           |                     |  will include data   |
           |                     |  with greater in-    |
           |                     |  dustry detail and   |
           |                     |  data at the county  |
           |                     |  and MSA level       |
-----------|---------------------|----------------------|------------------------
Principal  |--Major uses include:|--Major uses include: |--Major uses include:
uses       |  -Detailed locality |  -Business cycle     |  -Principal national
           |   data              |   analysis           |   economic indicator
           |  -Periodic universe |  -Analysis of employ-|  -Official time series 
           |   counts for bench- |   er dynamics under- |   for employment change
           |   marking sample    |   lying economic ex- |   measures
           |   survey estimates  |   pansions and con-  |  -Input into other ma-
           |  -Sample frame for  |   tractions          |   jor economic indi-
           |   BLS establishment |  -Analysis of employ-|   cators
           |   surveys           |   ment expansion and |
           |                     |   contraction by size|   
           |                     |   of firm            |
           |                     |                      |
-----------|---------------------|----------------------|------------------------
Program    |--www.bls.gov/cew/   |--www.bls.gov/bdm/    |--www.bls.gov/ces/
Web sites  |                     |                      |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                               
                           
Coverage                           

   Employment and wage data for workers covered by state UI and Unemployment 
Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) laws are compiled from quarterly 
contribution reports submitted to the SWAs by employers.  In addition to the 
quarterly contribution reports, employers who operate multiple establishments 
within a state complete a questionnaire, called the "Multiple Worksite Report,"
which provides detailed information on the location of their establishments. 
These reports are based on place of employment rather than place of residence. 
UI and UCFE coverage is broad and basically comparable from state to state.
   
   Major exclusions from UI coverage are self-employed workers, religious or-
ganizations, most agricultural workers on small farms, all members of the 
Armed Forces, elected officials in most states, most employees of railroads, 
some domestic workers, most student workers at schools, and employees of cer-
tain small nonprofit organizations.
   
   Gross job gains and gross job losses in this release are derived from lon-
gitudinal histories of 6.7 million private sector employer reports out 
of 9.0 million total reports of employment and wages submitted by states to 
BLS in the first quarter of 2010.  Gross job gains and gross job losses data 
in this release do not report estimates for government employees or private 
households (NAICS 814110) and do not include establishments with zero employ-
ment in both previous and current quarters.  Data from Puerto Rico and the 
Virgin Islands also are excluded from the national data.  As an illustration, 
the table below shows, in millions of establishments, the number of establish-
ments excluded from the gross job gains and gross job losses data in the
first quarter of 2010:


             Number of active establishments included in 
              Business Employment Dynamics data at the
                          national level

                                                                   Millions
                                                                       
Total establishments QCEW program....................................9.0

    Excluded:  Public sector.........................................0.3 
               Private households....................................0.7
               Zero employment.......................................1.3      
               Establishments in Puerto Rico 
                 and the Virgin Islands..............................0.0 
                 (less than 50,000)
                 
Total establishments included in Business
Employment Dynamics data.............................................6.7

Unit of analysis
   
   Establishments are used in the tabulation of the BED statistics by in-
dustry and firms are used in the tabulation of the BED size class sta-
tistics.  An establishment is defined as an economic unit that produces
goods or services, usually at a single physical location, and engages in
one or predominantly one activity.  A firm is a legal business, either
corporate or otherwise, and may consist of several establishments.  Firm-
level data are compiled based on an aggregation of establishments under
common ownership by a corporate parent using employer tax identification
numbers.  The firm-level aggregation, which is consistent with the role of
corporations as the economic decision makers, is used for the measurement
of the BED data elements by size class.
   
   Because of the difference in the unit of analysis, total gross job gains
and gross job losses by size class are lower than total gross job gains and
gross job losses by industry, as some establishment gains and losses within
a firm are offset during the aggregation process.  However, the total net
changes in employment are the same for not seasonally adjusted data and are
similar for seasonally adjusted data.
                                 
Concepts and methodology

   The Business Employment Dynamics data measure the net change in employ-
ment at the establishment or firm level.  These changes come about in one 
of four ways.  A net increase in employment can come from either opening 
units or expanding units.  A net decrease in employment can come from either 
closing units or contracting units.  Gross job gains include the sum of all
jobs added at either opening or expanding units.  Gross job losses include
the sum of all jobs lost in either closing or contracting units.  The net
change in employment is the difference between gross job gains and gross
job losses.
   
   The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:                          

   Openings.  These are either units with positive third month employment for
the first time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or
with positive third month employment in the current quarter, following zero em-
ployment in the previous quarter.
                                     
   Expansions.  These are units with positive employment in the third month
in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment
over this period.
   
   Closings.  These are units with positive third month employment in the pre-
vious quarter, with no employment or zero employment reported in the current
quarter.
   
   Contractions.  These are units with positive employment in the third month
in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment
over this period.

   Births.  These are units with positive third month employment for the 
first time in the current quarter with no links to the prior quarter, or 
units with positive third month employment in the current quarter and zero
employment in the third month of the previous four quarters. Births are a
subset of openings not including re-openings of seasonal businesses.

   Deaths.  These are units with no employment or zero employment reported in 
the third month of four consecutive quarters following the last quarter with 
positive employment. Deaths are a subset of closings not including temporary 
shutdowns of seasonal businesses.  A unit that closes during the quarter may 
be a death, but we wait three quarters to determine whether it is a permanent
closing or a temporary shutdown. Therefore, there is always a lag of three 
quarters for the publication of death statistics.

   All establishment-level employment changes are measured from the third 
month of each quarter.  Not all establishments and firms change their em-
ployment levels.  Units with no change in employment count towards estimates
of total employment, but not for levels of gross employment job gains and 
gross job losses.

   Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing 
their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quar-
ters.  This provides a symmetric growth rate.  The rates are calculated for
the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to
form their respective totals.  These rates can be added and subtracted just
as their levels can.  For instance, the difference between the gross job
gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.

Establishment Births and Deaths

   For the purpose of BED statistics, births are defined as establishments
that appear in the longitudinal database for the first time with positive
employment in the third month of a quarter, or showed four consecutive
quarters of zero employment in the third month followed by a quarter in
which it shows positive employment in the third month.  Similarly, deaths
are defined as establishments that either drop out of the longitudinal
database or an establishment that had positive employment in the third month
of a given quarter followed by four consecutive quarters of showing zero
employment in the third month.  Although the data for establishment births
and deaths are tabulated independently from the data for openings and
closings, the concepts are not mutually exclusive.  An establishment that
is defined as a birth in a given quarter is necessarily an opening as well,
and an establishment defined as a death in a quarter must also be a closing.
Since openings include seasonal, and other, re-openings and closings include
temporary shutdowns, the not seasonally adjusted values for births and
deaths must be less than those openings and closings.  However, because some
BED series do not have many re-openings or temporary shutdowns, as well as
the fact that births and deaths are independently seasonally adjusted from
openings and closings, there may be instances in which the seasonally
adjusted value of the former is greater than the latter.

Linkage methodology

   Prior to the measurement of gross job gains and gross job losses, QCEW
records are linked across two quarters.  The linkage process matches esta-
blishments' unique SWA identification numbers (SWA-ID).  Between 95 to 97
percent of establishments identified as continuous from quarter to quarter
are matched by SWA-ID.  The rest are linked in one of three ways.  The first
method uses predecessor and successor information, identified by the states,
which relates records with different SWA-IDs across quarters.  Predecessor
and successor relations can come about for a variety of reasons, including
a change in ownership, a firm restructuring, or a UI account restructuring.
If a match cannot be attained in this manner, a probability-based match is
used.  This match attempts to identify two establishments with different SWA-
IDs as continuous.  The match is based upon comparisons such as the same
name, address, and phone number.  Third, an analyst examines unmatched re-
cords individually and makes a possible match.

   In order to ensure the highest possible quality of data, SWAs verify with 
employers and update, if necessary, the industry, location, and ownership 
classification of all establishments on a 3-year cycle.  Changes in establish-
ment classification codes resulting from the verification process are intro-
duced with the data reported for the first quarter of the year.  Changes re-
sulting from improved employer reporting also are introduced in the first 
quarter.   
                              
Sizing methodology
   
   The method of dynamic sizing is used in calculations for the BED size-
class data series.  Dynamic sizing allocates each firm's employment gain or
loss during a quarter to each respective size class in which the change
occurred.  For example, if a firm grew from 2 employees in quarter 1 to 38
employees in quarter 2, then, of the 36-employee increase, 2 would be al-
located to the first size class, 5 to the size class 5 to 9, 10 to size
class 10 to 19, and 19 to size class 20 to 49.
   
   Dynamic sizing provides symmetrical firm-size estimates and eliminates
any systematic effects which may be caused by the transitory and reverting
changes in firms' sizes over time.  Additionally, it allocates each job
gain or loss to the actual size class where it occurred.

Annual Data

   The annual gross job gains and gross job losses measure the net change
in employment at the establishment level from the third month of a quarter
in the previous year to the third month of the same quarter in the current
year.  The BLS publishes annual BED data based on March-to-March changes
once a year with the release of the first quarter BED data.  The annual
data based on over-the-year changes for other quarters of the year are
available upon request.  The definitions and methodology in measuring
annual gross job gains and gross job losses are similar to the quarterly
measures.  The linkage method considers all predecessor and successor
relations that may come about due to changes in ownership and corporate
restructuring over the entire year.  At the establishment level, some of
the quarterly job gains and job losses are offset during the estimation
over the year.  Therefore, the sum of four quarters of gross job gains
and gross job losses are not equal to annual gross job gains and gross
job losses.  The net change in employment over the year, however, is
equal to the sum of four quarterly net changes on a not seasonally
adjusted basis.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the levels of employment and the associated
job flows undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes
in the weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays,
and the opening and closing of schools.  The effect of such seasonal vari-
ation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each 
year, their influence can be eliminated by adjusting these statistics from 
quarter to quarter.  These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as 
declines in economic activity, easier to recognize.  For example, the large 
number of youths taking summer jobs is likely to obscure other changes that 
have taken place in June relative to March, making it difficult to determine 
if the level of economic activity has risen or declined.  However, because
the effect of students finishing school in previous years is known, the 
statistics for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable 
change.  The adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to ana-
lyze changes in economic activity.

   The employment data series for opening, expanding, closing, and contract-
ing units are independently seasonally adjusted; net changes are calculated
based on the difference between gross job gains and gross job losses.  Simi-
larly, for industry data, the establishment counts data series for opening,
expanding, closing, and contracting establishments are independently adjusted,
and the net changes are calculated based on the difference between the number
of opening and closing establishments.  Additionally, establishment and em-
ployment levels are independently seasonally adjusted to calculate the sea-
sonally adjusted rates.  Concurrent seasonal adjustment is run using X-12
ARIMA.  Seasonally adjusted data series for the total private sector are cal-
culated by summing the seasonally adjusted data for all sectors, including
the unclassified sector, which is not published separately.
   
   The employment data series for opening, expanding, closing, and contracting 
units for each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia are seasonally
adjusted at the total private level only.  The sum of the state series for
opening, expanding, closing, and contracting units will not necessarily be
equal to the national total private series because of the independent seasonal
adjustment of these series.
   
   The net over-the-quarter change derived by summing the BED component series 
will differ from the net employment change estimated from the seasonally ad-
justed total private employment series from the CES program.  The intended use 
of BED statistics is to show the dynamic labor market changes that underlie 
the net employment change statistic.  As such, data users interested particu-
larly in the net employment change and not in the gross job flows underlying 
this change should refer to CES data for over-the-quarter net employment
changes.
   
Reliability of the data
   
   Since the data series on Business Employment Dynamics are based on admini-
strative rather than sample data, there are no issues related to sampling 
error.  Nonsampling error, however, still exists.  Nonsampling errors can oc-
cur for many reasons, such as the employer submitting corrected employment 
data after the end of the quarter or typographical errors made by businesses 
when providing information.  Such errors, however, are likely to be distri-
buted randomly throughout the dataset.
   
   Changes in administrative data sometimes create complications for the 
linkage process.  This can result in overstating openings and closings while 
understating expansions and contractions.  The BLS continues to refine methods 
for improving the linkage process to alleviate the effects of these compli-
cations.
   
   The BED data series are subject to periodic minor changes based on correc-
tions in QCEW records, updates on predecessors and successors information, and
seasonal adjustment revisions.

Annual revisions are published each year with the release of the first quarter
data.  These revisions cover the last four quarters of not seasonally adjusted
data and 5 years of seasonally adjusted data.
                      
Additional statistics and other information
   
   Several other programs within BLS produce closely related information.  
The QCEW program, also known as the ES-202 program, provides both quarterly 
and annual estimates of employment by state, county, and detailed industry. 
News releases on quarterly county employment and wages are available upon 
request from the Division of Administrative Statistics and Labor Turnover, 
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, DC 20212; 
telephone 202-691-6567; (http://www.bls.gov/cew/); (e-mail: QCEWInfo@bls.gov).
                                     
   The CES program produces monthly estimates of employment, its net change, 
and earnings by detailed industry.  These estimates are part of the Employ-
ment Situation report put out monthly by BLS.
                                     
   The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) program provides month-
ly measures of job openings, as well as employee hires and separations.

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired in-
dividuals upon request.  Voice phone:  202-691-5200; TDD message referral 
number: 1-800-877-8339.






Table 1.  Private sector gross job gains and job losses, seasonally adjusted

Total private

(In thousands)

                                                  Gross job gains                       Gross job losses
Year  3 months ended  Net change(1) Total     Expanding      Opening      Total     Contracting      Closing
                                           establishments establishments           establishments establishments

2000  March                827      8,849       6,960         1,889       8,022       6,342           1,680
      June                 503      8,479       6,794         1,685       7,976       6,373           1,603
      September            324      8,525       6,756         1,769       8,201       6,479           1,722
      December             251      8,351       6,673         1,678       8,100       6,444           1,656

2001  March               -119      8,491       6,728         1,763       8,610       6,717           1,893
      June                -780      7,991       6,302         1,689       8,771       7,036           1,735
      September         -1,148      7,630       5,945         1,685       8,778       6,990           1,788
      December          -1,009      7,547       5,912         1,635       8,556       6,870           1,686

2002  March                -10      8,071       6,298         1,773       8,081       6,434           1,647
      June                 -30      7,868       6,145         1,723       7,898       6,274           1,624
      September           -151      7,630       6,039         1,591       7,781       6,248           1,533
      December            -241      7,483       5,938         1,545       7,724       6,185           1,539

2003  March               -393      7,467       5,928         1,539       7,860       6,307           1,553
      June                 -90      7,398       5,929         1,469       7,488       6,030           1,458
      September            204      7,392       5,923         1,469       7,188       5,828           1,360
      December             297      7,521       6,005         1,516       7,224       5,800           1,424

2004  March                470      7,715       6,204         1,511       7,245       5,795           1,450
      June                 644      7,754       6,235         1,519       7,110       5,639           1,471
      September            206      7,633       6,060         1,573       7,427       5,888           1,539
      December             757      7,844       6,243         1,601       7,087       5,663           1,424

2005  March                384      7,620       6,131         1,489       7,236       5,801           1,435
      June                 593      7,774       6,231         1,543       7,181       5,776           1,405
      September            677      7,965       6,387         1,578       7,288       5,844           1,444
      December             494      7,807       6,252         1,555       7,313       5,948           1,365

2006  March                806      7,726       6,293         1,433       6,920       5,635           1,285
      June                 424      7,789       6,273         1,516       7,365       5,998           1,367
      September             45      7,495       6,057         1,438       7,450       6,098           1,352
      December             462      7,765       6,241         1,524       7,303       5,954           1,349

2007  March                491      7,657       6,243         1,414       7,166       5,870           1,296
      June                 207      7,661       6,250         1,411       7,454       6,056           1,398
      September           -249      7,328       5,855         1,473       7,577       6,223           1,354
      December             286      7,670       6,197         1,473       7,384       6,028           1,356

2008  March               -275      7,172       5,778         1,394       7,447       6,083           1,364
      June                -520      7,285       5,878         1,407       7,805       6,332           1,473
      September           -966      6,888       5,521         1,367       7,854       6,469           1,385
      December          -1,814      6,720       5,357         1,363       8,534       7,041           1,493

2009  March             -2,741      5,783       4,611         1,172       8,524       7,109           1,415
      June              -1,604      6,421       5,117         1,304       8,025       6,644           1,381
      September           -900      6,341       5,124         1,217       7,241       5,883           1,358
      December            -228      6,662       5,326         1,336       6,890       5,598           1,292

2010  March               -311      6,110       4,996         1,114       6,421       5,231           1,190
      June                 728      6,935       5,682         1,253       6,207       5,064           1,143

(1) Net change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses.

Table 2.  Private sector gross job gains and losses, as a percent of employment(1), seasonally adjusted

Total private

(Percent)

                                                  Gross job gains                       Gross job losses
Year  3 months ended  Net change(2) Total     Expanding      Opening      Total     Contracting      Closing
                                           establishments establishments           establishments establishments

2000  March                 .8       8.1         6.4           1.7         7.3          5.8            1.5
      June                  .4       7.7         6.2           1.5         7.3          5.8            1.5
      September             .2       7.7         6.1           1.6         7.5          5.9            1.6
      December              .2       7.5         6.0           1.5         7.3          5.8            1.5

2001  March                -.1       7.7         6.1           1.6         7.8          6.1            1.7
      June                 -.8       7.2         5.7           1.5         8.0          6.4            1.6
      September           -1.1       6.9         5.4           1.5         8.0          6.4            1.6
      December            -1.0       7.0         5.5           1.5         8.0          6.4            1.6

2002  March                 .0       7.5         5.9           1.6         7.5          6.0            1.5
      June                  .0       7.3         5.7           1.6         7.3          5.8            1.5
      September            -.1       7.1         5.6           1.5         7.2          5.8            1.4
      December             -.3       6.9         5.5           1.4         7.2          5.8            1.4

2003  March                -.5       6.9         5.5           1.4         7.4          5.9            1.5
      June                  .0       7.0         5.6           1.4         7.0          5.6            1.4
      September             .1       6.9         5.5           1.4         6.8          5.5            1.3
      December              .3       7.0         5.6           1.4         6.7          5.4            1.3

2004  March                 .5       7.2         5.8           1.4         6.7          5.4            1.3
      June                  .6       7.2         5.8           1.4         6.6          5.2            1.4
      September             .3       7.1         5.6           1.5         6.8          5.4            1.4
      December              .7       7.2         5.7           1.5         6.5          5.2            1.3

2005  March                 .4       7.0         5.6           1.4         6.6          5.3            1.3
      June                  .6       7.1         5.7           1.4         6.5          5.2            1.3
      September             .6       7.2         5.8           1.4         6.6          5.3            1.3
      December              .4       7.0         5.6           1.4         6.6          5.4            1.2

2006  March                 .8       6.9         5.6           1.3         6.1          5.0            1.1
      June                  .4       6.9         5.6           1.3         6.5          5.3            1.2
      September             .1       6.7         5.4           1.3         6.6          5.4            1.2
      December              .3       6.8         5.5           1.3         6.5          5.3            1.2

2007  March                 .4       6.7         5.5           1.2         6.3          5.2            1.1
      June                  .2       6.7         5.5           1.2         6.5          5.3            1.2
      September            -.3       6.4         5.1           1.3         6.7          5.5            1.2
      December              .2       6.7         5.4           1.3         6.5          5.3            1.2

2008  March                -.2       6.3         5.1           1.2         6.5          5.3            1.2
      June                 -.5       6.4         5.2           1.2         6.9          5.6            1.3
      September            -.8       6.1         4.9           1.2         6.9          5.7            1.2
      December            -1.6       6.0         4.8           1.2         7.6          6.3            1.3

2009  March               -2.5       5.3         4.2           1.1         7.8          6.5            1.3
      June                -1.5       6.0         4.8           1.2         7.5          6.2            1.3
      September           -1.0       5.9         4.8           1.1         6.9          5.6            1.3
      December             -.1       6.4         5.1           1.3         6.5          5.3            1.2

2010  March                -.3       5.8         4.7           1.1         6.1          5.0            1.1
      June                  .7       6.6         5.4           1.2         5.9          4.8            1.1

(1) The rates measure gross job gains and gross job losses as a percentage
    of the previous and current quarter employment levels.

(2) Net change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses.

Table 3: Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, seasonally adjusted

                                      Gross job gains and job losses      Gross job gains and job losses
                                           (in thousands)                   as a percent of employment

    Category                                 3 months ended                      3 months ended

                                   June    Sept.   Dec.    March   June   June   Sept.  Dec.   March  June  
                                   2009    2009    2009    2010    2010   2009   2009   2009   2010   2010
Total private(1)

Gross job gains                   6,421   6,341   6,662   6,110   6,935    6.0    5.9    6.4    5.8    6.6
 At expanding establishments      5,117   5,124   5,326   4,996   5,682    4.8    4.8    5.1    4.7    5.4
 At opening establishments        1,304   1,217   1,336   1,114   1,253    1.2    1.1    1.3    1.1    1.2
Gross job losses                  8,025   7,241   6,890   6,421   6,207    7.5    6.9    6.5    6.1    5.9
 At contracting establishments    6,644   5,883   5,598   5,231   5,064    6.2    5.6    5.3    5.0    4.8
 At closing establishments        1,381   1,358   1,292   1,190   1,143    1.3    1.3    1.2    1.1    1.1
Net employment change            -1,604    -900    -228    -311     728   -1.5   -1.0    -.1    -.3     .7

Goods-producing

Gross job gains                   1,273   1,343   1,313   1,266   1,461    6.4    7.0    6.9    6.7    7.8
 At expanding establishments      1,052   1,136   1,080   1,072   1,238    5.3    5.9    5.7    5.7    6.6
 At opening establishments          221     207     233     194     223    1.1    1.1    1.2    1.0    1.2
Gross job losses                  2,147   1,675   1,590   1,459   1,305   10.8    8.7    8.4    7.8    7.0
 At contracting establishments    1,848   1,385   1,321   1,204   1,082    9.3    7.2    7.0    6.4    5.8
 At closing establishments          299     290     269     255     223    1.5    1.5    1.4    1.4    1.2
Net employment change              -874    -332    -277    -193     156   -4.4   -1.7   -1.5   -1.1     .8

Natural resources and mining

Gross job gains                     285     256     285     270     305   15.9   14.5   16.3   15.4   17.2
 At expanding establishments        244     222     243     235     263   13.6   12.6   13.9   13.4   14.8
 At opening establishments           41      34      42      35      42    2.3    1.9    2.4    2.0    2.4
Gross job losses                    304     287     292     271     235   16.9   16.3   16.7   15.4   13.2
 At contracting establishments      264     250     253     232     202   14.7   14.2   14.5   13.2   11.3
 At closing establishments           40      37      39      39      33    2.2    2.1    2.2    2.2    1.9
Net employment change               -19     -31      -7      -1      70   -1.0   -1.8    -.4     .0    4.0

Construction

Gross job gains                     620     614     615     591     677   10.2   10.5   10.9   10.7   12.3
 At expanding establishments        481     481     470     466     534    7.9    8.2    8.3    8.4    9.7
 At opening establishments          139     133     145     125     143    2.3    2.3    2.6    2.3    2.6
Gross job losses                    946     814     773     728     676   15.5   13.9   13.6   13.1   12.3
 At contracting establishments      761     634     606     570     535   12.5   10.8   10.7   10.3    9.7
 At closing establishments          185     180     167     158     141    3.0    3.1    2.9    2.8    2.6
Net employment change              -326    -200    -158    -137       1   -5.3   -3.4   -2.7   -2.4     .0

Manufacturing

Gross job gains                     368     473     413     405     479    3.0    4.0    3.6    3.5    4.1
 At expanding establishments        327     433     367     371     441    2.7    3.7    3.2    3.2    3.8
 At opening establishments           41      40      46      34      38     .3     .3     .4     .3     .3
Gross job losses                    897     574     525     460     394    7.5    4.9    4.5    4.0    3.4
 At contracting establishments      823     501     462     402     345    6.9    4.3    4.0    3.5    3.0
 At closing establishments           74      73      63      58      49     .6     .6     .5     .5     .4
Net employment change              -529    -101    -112     -55      85   -4.5    -.9    -.9    -.5     .7

Service-providing(1)

Gross job gains                   5,148   4,998   5,349   4,844   5,474    5.9    5.8    6.2    5.6    6.3
 At expanding establishments      4,065   3,988   4,246   3,924   4,444    4.7    4.6    4.9    4.5    5.1
 At opening establishments        1,083   1,010   1,103     920   1,030    1.2    1.2    1.3    1.1    1.2
Gross job losses                  5,878   5,566   5,300   4,962   4,902    6.7    6.4    6.2    5.8    5.7
 At contracting establishments    4,796   4,498   4,277   4,027   3,982    5.5    5.2    5.0    4.7    4.6
 At closing establishments        1,082   1,068   1,023     935     920    1.2    1.2    1.2    1.1    1.1
Net employment change              -730    -568      49    -118     572    -.8    -.6     .0    -.2     .6

Wholesale trade

Gross job gains                     240     235     259     248     280    4.3    4.3    4.7    4.6    5.2
 At expanding establishments        191     188     203     201     232    3.4    3.4    3.7    3.7    4.3
 At opening establishments           49      47      56      47      48     .9     .9    1.0     .9     .9
Gross job losses                    355     306     283     274     248    6.3    5.5    5.1    5.0    4.5
 At contracting establishments      288     238     220     213     191    5.1    4.3    4.0    3.9    3.5
 At closing establishments           67      68      63      61      57    1.2    1.2    1.1    1.1    1.0
Net employment change              -115     -71     -24     -26      32   -2.0   -1.2    -.4    -.4     .7

Retail trade

Gross job gains                     871     832     816     784     892    5.9    5.7    5.7    5.4    6.2
 At expanding establishments        734     700     702     676     766    5.0    4.8    4.9    4.7    5.3
 At opening establishments          137     132     114     108     126     .9     .9     .8     .7     .9
Gross job losses                    931     940     936     805     769    6.4    6.5    6.5    5.6    5.3
 At contracting establishments      791     800     808     690     665    5.4    5.5    5.6    4.8    4.6
 At closing establishments          140     140     128     115     104    1.0    1.0     .9     .8     .7
Net employment change               -60    -108    -120     -21     123    -.5    -.8    -.8    -.2     .9

Transportation and warehousing

Gross job gains                     186     188     220     183     216    4.6    4.7    5.5    4.7    5.4
 At expanding establishments        152     159     187     157     183    3.8    4.0    4.7    4.0    4.6
 At opening establishments           34      29      33      26      33     .8     .7     .8     .7     .8
Gross job losses                    289     238     222     223     189    7.1    6.0    5.7    5.6    4.8
 At contracting establishments      243     196     184     190     156    6.0    4.9    4.7    4.8    4.0
 At closing establishments           46      42      38      33      33    1.1    1.1    1.0     .8     .8
Net employment change              -103     -50      -2     -40      27   -2.5   -1.3    -.2    -.9     .6

Utilities

Gross job gains                      12      12      11       9      11    2.2    2.2    2.0    1.6    2.0
 At expanding establishments         11      11      10       8      10    2.0    2.0    1.8    1.4    1.8
 At opening establishments            1       1       1       1       1     .2     .2     .2     .2     .2
Gross job losses                     15      12      14       9      12    2.7    2.2    2.5    1.6    2.2
 At contracting establishments       13      11      12       8      11    2.3    2.0    2.1    1.4    2.0
 At closing establishments            2       1       2       1       1     .4     .2     .4     .2     .2
Net employment change                -3       0      -3       0      -1    -.5     .0    -.5     .0    -.2

Information

Gross job gains                     111     113     123     106     128    3.9    4.0    4.4    3.8    4.7
 At expanding establishments         91      95      97      89     107    3.2    3.4    3.5    3.2    3.9
 At opening establishments           20      18      26      17      21     .7     .6     .9     .6     .8
Gross job losses                    158     161     144     130     129    5.6    5.8    5.2    4.7    4.7
 At contracting establishments      135     131     121     111     109    4.8    4.7    4.4    4.0    4.0
 At closing establishments           23      30      23      19      20     .8    1.1     .8     .7     .7
Net employment change               -47     -48     -21     -24      -1   -1.7   -1.8    -.8    -.9     .0

Financial activities

Gross job gains                     341     327     356     326     347    4.5    4.4    4.8    4.3    4.6
 At expanding establishments        265     254     267     263     277    3.5    3.4    3.6    3.5    3.7
 At opening establishments           76      73      89      63      70    1.0    1.0    1.2     .8     .9
Gross job losses                    446     420     400     369     372    5.8    5.6    5.4    5.0    5.0
 At contracting establishments      352     322     305     281     288    4.6    4.3    4.1    3.8    3.9
 At closing establishments           94      98      95      88      84    1.2    1.3    1.3    1.2    1.1
Net employment change              -105     -93     -44     -43     -25   -1.3   -1.2    -.6    -.7    -.4

Professional and business services

Gross job gains                   1,144   1,152   1,368   1,125   1,340    6.9    7.1    8.3    6.8    8.1
 At expanding establishments        903     929   1,100     920   1,096    5.4    5.7    6.7    5.6    6.6
 At opening establishments          241     223     268     205     244    1.5    1.4    1.6    1.2    1.5
Gross job losses                  1,474   1,302   1,184   1,130   1,144    8.9    8.0    7.2    6.8    6.9
 At contracting establishments    1,176   1,031     920     898     890    7.1    6.3    5.6    5.4    5.4
 At closing establishments          298     271     264     232     254    1.8    1.7    1.6    1.4    1.5
Net employment change              -330    -150     184      -5     196   -2.0    -.9    1.1     .0    1.2

Education and health services

Gross job gains                     773     769     825     730     767    4.2    4.1    4.5    3.9    4.1
 At expanding establishments        649     650     685     619     655    3.5    3.5    3.7    3.3    3.5
 At opening establishments          124     119     140     111     112     .7     .6     .8     .6     .6
Gross job losses                    712     727     677     690     718    3.9    4.0    3.7    3.7    3.8
 At contracting establishments      593     601     555     578     601    3.2    3.3    3.0    3.1    3.2
 At closing establishments          119     126     122     112     117     .7     .7     .7     .6     .6
Net employment change                61      42     148      40      49     .3     .1     .8     .2     .3

Leisure and hospitality

Gross job gains                   1,122   1,047   1,032   1,000   1,143    8.6    8.0    7.9    7.7    8.8
 At expanding establishments        852     796     783     783     890    6.5    6.1    6.0    6.0    6.9
 At opening establishments          270     251     249     217     253    2.1    1.9    1.9    1.7    1.9
Gross job losses                  1,179   1,135   1,141   1,037   1,043    9.0    8.8    8.8    8.0    8.0
 At contracting establishments      968     932     933     845     868    7.4    7.2    7.2    6.5    6.7
 At closing establishments          211     203     208     192     175    1.6    1.6    1.6    1.5    1.3
Net employment change               -57     -88    -109     -37     100    -.4    -.8    -.9    -.3     .8

Other services

Gross job gains                     267     250     262     247     278    7.1    6.7    7.0    6.7    7.5
 At expanding establishments        208     195     202     196     220    5.5    5.2    5.4    5.3    5.9
 At opening establishments           59      55      60      51      58    1.6    1.5    1.6    1.4    1.6
Gross job losses                    292     293     272     263     253    7.7    7.8    7.3    7.1    6.8
 At contracting establishments      230     229     211     205     197    6.1    6.1    5.7    5.5    5.3
 At closing establishments           62      64      61      58      56    1.6    1.7    1.6    1.6    1.5
Net employment change               -25     -43     -10     -16      25    -.6   -1.1    -.3    -.4     .7

(1) Includes unclassified sector, not shown separately

Table 4.  Private sector percentage share (1) of gross job gains and losses, seasonally adjusted

(Percent)

                                                         3 months ended

                              June  2009     Sept. 2009      Dec.  2009      March 2010      June  2010


Firm size 1 - 4 employees

Gross job gains...............   17.1            16.8            17.4            17.1            15.4
   Expanding firms............    8.0             7.9             7.6             8.0             7.3
   Opening firms..............   59.2            61.2            62.9            61.5            60.3
Gross job losses..............   14.5            16.2            16.6            18.2            17.1
   Contracting firms..........    6.7             7.3             7.9             8.6             8.3
   Closing firms..............   61.7            62.8            61.5            65.0            63.6

Firm size 5 - 9 employees

Gross job gains...............   12.4            12.1            11.7            12.3            11.4
   Expanding firms............   11.6            11.3            10.9            11.6            10.6
   Opening firms..............   16.0            15.8            15.3            16.2            15.9
Gross job losses..............   10.6            11.2            11.9            12.6            12.4
   Contracting firms..........    9.8            10.4            11.1            12.0            11.7
   Closing firms..............   15.8            15.7            15.7            15.3            16.2

Firm size 10 - 19 employees

Gross job gains...............   12.7            12.1            11.6            12.4            11.8
   Expanding firms............   13.0            12.4            12.0            12.7            12.0
   Opening firms..............   11.0            10.4             9.8            10.6            10.5
Gross job losses..............   10.9            11.4            12.1            12.5            12.2
   Contracting firms..........   11.0            11.7            12.4            13.1            12.6
   Closing firms..............   10.1             9.8            10.3             9.7             9.9

Firm size 20 - 49 employees

Gross job gains...............   14.7            13.9            13.6            14.4            14.2
   Expanding firms............   16.1            15.1            14.9            15.7            15.3
   Opening firms..............    8.4             7.8             7.3             7.6             8.2
Gross job losses..............   13.2            13.6            14.0            14.2            13.7
   Contracting firms..........   14.2            14.8            15.2            15.8            15.0
   Closing firms..............    7.4             7.0             7.6             6.7             6.5

Firm size 50 - 99 employees

Gross job gains...............    9.1             8.8             8.5             8.8             8.9
   Expanding firms............   10.5            10.0             9.8            10.2            10.1
   Opening firms..............    2.7             2.8             2.7             2.2             2.8
Gross job losses..............    8.5             8.4             8.7             8.4             8.3
   Contracting firms..........    9.5             9.6             9.9             9.7             9.5
   Closing firms..............    2.6             2.3             2.5             2.1             2.2

Firm size 100 - 249 employees

Gross job gains...............    9.4             9.3             9.2             9.2             9.7
   Expanding firms............   11.2            10.8            10.9            10.9            11.2
   Opening firms..............    1.4             1.4             1.3             1.1             1.5
Gross job losses..............    9.2             9.0             9.0             8.6             8.6
   Contracting firms..........   10.5            10.5            10.5            10.2            10.0
   Closing firms..............    1.4             1.2             1.5              .9             1.1

Firm size 250 - 499 employees

Gross job gains...............    5.6             5.6             5.4             5.5             5.8
   Expanding firms............    6.7             6.7             6.5             6.6             6.8
   Opening firms..............     .4              .4              .3              .4              .3
Gross job losses..............    5.8             5.7             5.4             4.9             5.2
   Contracting firms..........    6.7             6.7             6.4             5.9             6.1
   Closing firms..............     .6              .4              .5              .2              .4

Firm size 500 - 999 employees

Gross job gains...............    4.4             4.8             4.4             4.6             4.9
   Expanding firms............    5.3             5.7             5.4             5.4             5.7
   Opening firms..............     .2              .1              .1              .2              .3
Gross job losses..............    5.2             4.7             4.6             4.1             4.5
   Contracting firms..........    6.0             5.6             5.4             4.9             5.4
   Closing firms..............     .3              .2              .2              .1              .1

Firm size 1,000 or more employees

Gross job gains...............   14.5            16.6            18.2            15.7            17.8
   Expanding firms............   17.6            20.0            22.0            18.9            21.0
   Opening firms..............     .5              .0              .2              .2              .2
Gross job losses..............   22.0            19.8            17.7            16.5            18.0
   Contracting firms..........   25.6            23.5            21.1            19.9            21.4
   Closing firms..............     .1              .5              .1              .0              .0


(1) Share measures the percent of the category represented by each firm size class,
    and rates may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

Table 5.  Private sector gross job gains and losses by state, seasonally adjusted

                                         Gross job gains                                          Gross job losses
State                                    (3 months ended)                                         (3 months ended)
                        June       Sept.      Dec.        March     June       June         Sept.      Dec.        March     June 
                        2009       2009       2009        2010      2010       2009         2009       2009        2010      2010

United States1.....  6,421,000  6,341,000  6,662,000   6,110,000  6,935,000  8,025,000   7,241,000   6,890,000  6,421,000  6,207,000

Alabama.....            84,427     86,122     86,379      82,695     90,438    107,020     103,661      92,544     83,327     83,971
Alaska.....             25,541     22,773     24,288      25,078     26,302     25,071      24,951      25,288     23,147     21,772
Arizona.....           115,874    127,354    131,273     116,334    120,892    166,696     143,497     140,298    123,728    126,749
Arkansas.....           51,935     55,002     57,989      52,233     59,161     68,745      62,142      54,247     49,809     52,001
California.....        779,930    760,570    845,478     759,025    877,920    982,275     942,350     831,793    816,085    775,156
Colorado.....          120,243    117,376    122,327     117,669    134,977    152,052     138,028     132,705    124,210    125,355
Connecticut.....        71,988     70,301     70,946      66,227     84,589     87,054      80,384      77,470     81,300     67,402
Delaware.....           21,917     18,960     20,397      19,505     23,200     24,535      23,740      24,289     20,984     18,817
District of Columbia    24,915     23,127     26,592      23,480     26,793     27,823      26,867      24,332     21,514     23,153
Florida.....           391,465    404,628    440,522     362,571    417,808    493,113     484,765     448,286    370,546    398,220

Georgia.....           205,284    190,528    204,380     197,155    210,870    259,305     229,914     215,423    195,344    206,776
Hawaii.....             23,451     24,230     24,368      23,639     23,154     30,432      27,797      25,953     25,062     27,020
Idaho.....              38,283     39,554     38,431      35,560     36,170     48,675      38,929      40,220     38,578     39,976
Illinois.....          246,810    236,220    255,104     229,254    268,855    324,057     285,983     275,576    243,415    231,470
Indiana.....           129,098    143,632    134,249     129,707    144,840    177,927     142,079     135,204    125,181    130,048
Iowa.....               68,686     66,045     68,771      63,734     66,021     81,401      72,674      74,300     65,573     64,302
Kansas.....             58,666     57,332     62,377      55,897     62,950     80,690      67,642      67,646     61,303     60,033
Kentucky.....           81,454     84,435     89,347      77,786     86,562    103,021      90,271      86,416     83,376     80,238
Louisiana.....          92,714     98,620    100,019      95,060    103,774    122,894     112,255     103,173     94,395     99,189
Maine.....              37,139     36,365     35,430      30,442     37,089     39,573      36,687      37,779     34,497     35,250

Maryland.....          127,520    117,084    119,515     124,598    137,676    138,482     137,169     132,550    125,093    118,452
Massachusetts.....     154,078    147,604    145,704     145,413    161,032    169,339     160,301     160,961    143,996    137,623
Michigan.....          206,933    232,306    210,533     183,635    221,292    304,525     222,019     228,170    191,162    184,025
Minnesota.....         132,666    126,020    123,644     120,648    137,671    156,444     139,662     132,265    131,091    113,426
Mississippi.....        48,855     51,467     51,744      50,450     55,735     65,129      58,923      52,347     49,877     53,286
Missouri.....          123,254    124,865    122,278     123,242    131,143    157,408     143,070     132,033    129,143    129,992
Montana.....            27,363     25,345     27,841      25,855     26,844     29,118      27,383      29,098     27,670     26,442
Nebraska.....           39,998     39,640     40,153      39,893     44,594     47,980      42,323      46,789     40,899     39,950
Nevada.....             55,091     58,646     68,915      51,824     60,877     81,824      74,075      66,626     65,187     55,657
New Hampshire.....      35,768     33,238     33,650      34,318     36,515     40,800      36,849      36,107     35,737     33,092

New Jersey.....        212,882    187,286    196,657     176,313    224,190    229,390     217,472     210,510    193,790    190,949
New Mexico.....         39,134     39,429     37,662      37,821     40,218     50,040      42,791      42,496     37,739     40,379
New York.....          432,347    402,733    420,489     373,307    460,370    495,342     440,840     428,924    390,777    398,109
North Carolina.....    190,464    189,566    196,885     182,350    203,715    247,884     213,945     213,043    188,187    187,704
North Dakota.....       19,353     19,688     19,816      19,787     20,384     19,393      18,154      19,189     18,824     18,476
Ohio.....              233,452    236,910    234,522     219,390    249,715    319,866     262,345     255,910    228,984    217,712
Oklahoma.....           67,104     67,384     68,999      66,668     74,136     95,963      84,628      76,133     66,249     63,918
Oregon.....             87,457     87,415     89,357      87,342     87,560    107,811      94,954      96,934     87,279     85,849
Pennsylvania.....      256,071    255,221    267,074     249,634    280,379    306,124     286,693     274,524    248,312    234,954
Rhode Island.....       24,992     22,109     23,191      22,628     26,103     26,660      26,578      24,865     21,893     25,469

South Carolina.....     86,102     84,871     85,984      87,466     96,184    110,584      96,487      92,731     82,707     86,190
South Dakota.....       20,773     19,792     19,762      19,139     21,984     24,006      21,277      21,189     21,608     19,021
Tennessee.....         118,348    116,655    121,455     108,572    134,652    157,260     136,883     119,337    111,023    118,770
Texas.....             439,009    441,368    476,502     467,608    492,190    592,395     512,968     484,059    434,114    448,103
Utah.....               62,938     63,095     65,512      63,614     66,317     81,966      71,601      67,768     63,688     63,939
Vermont.....            17,600     16,606     19,496      15,542     17,791     20,181      17,421      18,017     17,756     20,659
Virginia.....          168,871    160,078    166,982     151,244    186,533    198,841     183,506     168,916    162,007    166,993
Washington.....        156,533    158,859    151,742     153,771    156,299    187,414     171,447     181,151    155,633    146,072
West Virginia.....      33,270     33,315     37,101      33,246     37,055     44,133      37,630      34,836     34,478     35,887
Wisconsin.....         125,603    122,694    130,553     125,693    134,910    158,994     141,594     138,015    129,422    121,104

Wyoming.....            16,081     17,008     16,108      17,159     17,405     25,196      18,099      18,573     18,274     17,953
Puerto Rico.....        37,741     41,636     45,647      38,617     37,160     51,493      44,872      41,169     44,755     43,997
Virgin Islands.....      1,711      1,931      2,361       2,632      2,006      2,610       2,190       1,899      1,897      2,825

(1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands.

Table 6.  Private sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted

                        Gross job gains as a percent of employment    Gross job losses as a percent of employment
State                              (3 months ended)                               (3 months ended)

                        June    Sept.    Dec.     March   June        June     Sept.     Dec.    March    June 
                        2009    2009     2009     2010    2010        2009     2009      2009    2010     2010

United States1.....      6.0     5.9      6.4      5.8     6.6         7.5      6.9       6.5      6.1     5.9

Alabama.....             5.7     6.0      6.0      5.8     6.3         7.3      7.1       6.4      5.8     5.8
Alaska.....             10.9     9.7     10.3     10.6    11.1        10.6     10.7      10.8      9.8     9.2
Arizona.....             5.7     6.4      6.7      5.9     6.2         8.3      7.2       7.1      6.3     6.4
Arkansas.....            5.6     6.0      6.3      5.7     6.3         7.3      6.7       5.9      5.4     5.6
California.....          6.5     6.4      7.2      6.5     7.5         8.2      8.0       7.1      7.0     6.6
Colorado.....            6.5     6.5      6.8      6.5     7.5         8.3      7.6       7.3      6.9     7.0
Connecticut.....         5.3     5.2      5.3      4.9     6.3         6.4      5.9       5.7      6.0     5.0
Delaware.....            6.3     5.5      6.0      5.8     6.9         7.2      7.0       7.2      6.3     5.6
District of Columbia..   5.6     5.3      6.0      5.3     6.0         6.2      6.2       5.5      4.9     5.2
Florida.....             6.4     6.7      7.3      6.1     7.0         8.0      7.9       7.4      6.2     6.6

Georgia.....             6.5     6.2      6.6      6.4     6.9         8.3      7.4       7.0      6.4     6.7
Hawaii.....              5.0     5.2      5.2      5.1     5.0         6.5      5.9       5.5      5.4     5.8
Idaho.....               7.7     8.0      7.8      7.2     7.4         9.8      7.8       8.1      7.8     8.2
Illinois.....            5.1     5.0      5.5      4.9     5.7         6.8      6.1       5.9      5.3     4.9
Indiana.....             5.6     6.3      5.8      5.7     6.3         7.7      6.2       5.9      5.5     5.7
Iowa.....                5.7     5.5      5.8      5.4     5.5         6.8      6.1       6.2      5.5     5.4
Kansas.....              5.5     5.5      6.0      5.4     6.0         7.5      6.4       6.5      5.8     5.7
Kentucky.....            5.8     6.0      6.4      5.6     6.2         7.2      6.5       6.2      5.9     5.7
Louisiana.....           6.2     6.7      6.7      6.4     7.0         8.2      7.5       7.0      6.4     6.7
Maine.....               7.8     7.6      7.4      6.4     7.8         8.2      7.6       8.0      7.3     7.4

Maryland.....            6.4     5.9      6.1      6.4     7.0         7.0      6.9       6.8      6.4     6.0
Massachusetts.....       5.7     5.5      5.5      5.4     6.0         6.3      6.0       6.0      5.4     5.1
Michigan.....            6.5     7.4      6.7      5.9     7.0         9.5      7.1       7.2      6.1     5.8
Minnesota.....           6.0     5.8      5.7      5.6     6.3         7.1      6.4       6.1      6.1     5.2
Mississippi.....         5.8     6.2      6.3      6.1     6.7         7.8      7.1       6.4      6.0     6.4
Missouri.....            5.6     5.8      5.7      5.8     6.1         7.2      6.6       6.2      6.0     6.1
Montana.....             8.0     7.5      8.3      7.7     8.1         8.5      8.1       8.6      8.2     7.9
Nebraska.....            5.4     5.4      5.5      5.4     6.0         6.4      5.7       6.3      5.6     5.4
Nevada.....              5.5     6.0      7.2      5.4     6.4         8.3      7.6       6.9      6.7     5.8
New Hampshire.....       6.9     6.5      6.6      6.7     7.1         7.9      7.1       7.0      7.0     6.5

New Jersey.....          6.7     5.9      6.2      5.6     7.2         7.2      6.8       6.7      6.2     6.1
New Mexico.....          6.5     6.6      6.3      6.4     6.8         8.2      7.2       7.1      6.4     6.8
New York.....            6.3     5.9      6.1      5.5     6.7         7.2      6.4       6.3      5.7     5.7
North Carolina.....      6.1     6.1      6.4      5.9     6.6         7.8      6.9       6.9      6.1     6.0
North Dakota.....        6.9     6.9      7.0      7.0     7.1         6.8      6.4       6.7      6.5     6.4
Ohio.....                5.5     5.7      5.6      5.3     6.0         7.6      6.2       6.2      5.5     5.3
Oklahoma.....            5.6     5.8      6.0      5.8     6.4         8.1      7.3       6.6      5.8     5.5
Oregon.....              6.6     6.7      6.8      6.7     6.7         8.1      7.2       7.4      6.6     6.6
Pennsylvania.....        5.3     5.4      5.7      5.3     5.9         6.4      6.0       5.9      5.3     5.0
Rhode Island.....        6.4     5.7      6.1      5.9     6.8         6.8      6.9       6.5      5.6     6.6

South Carolina.....      6.0     6.0      6.1      6.3     6.8         7.7      6.9       6.6      5.9     6.0
South Dakota.....        6.6     6.2      6.3      6.1     7.0         7.6      6.7       6.7      6.8     6.0
Tennessee.....           5.5     5.5      5.7      5.1     6.3         7.2      6.4       5.6      5.2     5.6
Texas.....               5.3     5.3      5.8      5.7     5.9         7.1      6.2       5.8      5.3     5.4
Utah.....                6.5     6.6      6.9      6.8     7.1         8.5      7.6       7.2      6.8     6.8
Vermont.....             7.4     6.9      8.2      6.5     7.5         8.4      7.3       7.5      7.4     8.8
Virginia.....            5.9     5.6      5.9      5.4     6.6         6.9      6.5       5.9      5.8     5.9
Washington.....          6.9     7.1      6.7      6.9     7.0         8.2      7.6       8.1      7.0     6.6
West Virginia.....       6.0     6.1      6.8      6.0     6.7         7.9      6.8       6.4      6.3     6.6
Wisconsin.....           5.6     5.4      5.9      5.6     6.1         7.0      6.3       6.2      5.8     5.5

Wyoming.....             7.6     8.3      7.8      8.4     8.6        11.9      8.8       9.0      8.9     8.8
Puerto Rico.....         5.5     6.2      6.7      5.7     5.5         7.5      6.7       6.1      6.7     6.5
Virgin Islands.....      5.6     6.4      7.8      8.5     6.5         8.5      7.2       6.3      6.1     9.1

(1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands.

Table 7.  Private sector establishment births and deaths, seasonally adjusted

Total private

(Levels in thousands)

                              Number of Establishments                     Employment
                             Births             Deaths(1)            Births             Deaths
Year  3 months ended     Level    Rate(2)   Level    Rate       Level      Rate    Level      Rate

2000  March               213      3.4       186     3.0        1,235       1.1    1,125       1.0
      June                204      3.3       180     2.9        1,137       1.0    1,058       1.0
      September           209      3.3       199     3.2        1,159       1.1    1,160       1.1
      December            200      3.2       194     3.1        1,139       1.0    1,105       1.0
  
2001  March               206      3.3       203     3.2        1,187       1.1    1,303       1.2
      June                204      3.2       204     3.2        1,146       1.0    1,226       1.1
      September           204      3.2       207     3.3        1,151       1.1    1,219       1.1
      December            194      3.1       200     3.2        1,109       1.0    1,142       1.1
  
2002  March               204      3.2       190     3.0        1,175       1.1    1,089       1.0
      June                208      3.3       187     2.9        1,189       1.1    1,080       1.0
      September           199      3.1       184     2.9        1,051       1.0    1,023       1.0
      December            201      3.1       191     3.0        1,023       1.0    1,021       1.0
  
2003  March               193      3.0       186     2.9        1,004        .9    1,011        .9
      June                191      3.0       186     2.9          964        .9      951        .9
      September           193      3.0       179     2.8          954        .9      884        .8
      December            200      3.1       180     2.8          998        .9      910        .9
  
2004  March               207      3.2       180     2.8        1,000        .9      917        .9
      June                203      3.1       185     2.8          980        .9      909        .8
      September           209      3.2       186     2.8        1,016        .9      953        .9
      December            210      3.2       180     2.7          997        .9      894        .8
  
2005  March               209      3.1       185     2.8          944        .9      852        .8
      June                216      3.2       180     2.7          951        .9      841        .8
      September           221      3.3       186     2.8          996        .9      884        .8
      December            221      3.3       186     2.8          979        .9      846        .8
  
2006  March               220      3.2       180     2.6          922        .8      743        .7
      June                219      3.2       194     2.8          973        .9      843        .7
      September           210      3.1       196     2.9          927        .8      837        .7
      December            221      3.2       193     2.8          966        .9      809        .7
  
2007  March               214      3.1       193     2.8          891        .8      764        .7
      June                204      2.9       201     2.9          883        .8      851        .7
      September           218      3.1       203     2.9          945        .8      840        .7
      December            209      3.0       207     3.0          906        .8      831        .7
  
2008  March               207      3.0       210     3.0          889        .8      809        .7
      June                199      2.9       228     3.3          876        .8      936        .8
      September           192      2.8       223     3.2          831        .7      882        .8
      December            188      2.7       240     3.5          806        .7      952        .9
  
2009  March               172      2.5       235     3.4          696        .6      844        .8
      June                176      2.6       226     3.3          740        .7      831        .8
      September           169      2.5       216     3.2          693        .7      793        .7
      December            184      2.7       N/A     N/A          716        .7      N/A       N/A
  
2010  March               172      2.5       N/A     N/A          661        .6      N/A       N/A
      June                172      2.6       N/A     N/A          698        .7      N/A       N/A

(1) Values for deaths are not available for the most recent three quarters
    by definition.  See the Technical Note for more information.

(2) The rates measure births and deaths as a percentage
    of the average of the previous and current quarter employment levels or
    total number of establishments.

Last Modified Date: February 01, 2011