FOR RELEASE 10:00 A.M. (EDT) WEDNESDAY, JUNE 8, 2011 USDL-11-0849
Technical information:
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EMPLOYER COSTS FOR EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION - MARCH 2011
Employer costs for employee compensation averaged $30.07 per hour worked in March 2011, the U.S.
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Wages and salaries averaged $20.91 per hour worked and
accounted for 69.6 percent of these costs, while benefits averaged $9.15 and accounted for the
remaining 30.4 percent. Total employer compensation costs for private industry workers averaged
$28.10 per hour worked in March 2011. Total employer compensation costs for State and local government
workers averaged $40.54 per hour worked in March 2011.
Employer Costs for Employee Compensation (ECEC), a product of the National Compensation Survey,
measures employer costs for wages, salaries, and employee benefits for nonfarm private and State and
local government workers.
Metropolitan area costs in private industry
Total compensation, wages and salaries, and benefit costs in private industry are included in
table 15 of this release for 15 combined and metropolitan statistical areas (CSAs and MSAs). Total
compensation costs for the 15 metropolitan areas ranged from $41.42 for the San Jose-San Francisco-
Oakland, CA CSA, to $23.29 in the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL MSA. (See chart 1 and table
15.)
Civilian workers
Employer costs for civilian workers, which include private industry and State and local government
workers, averaged $2.67 per hour worked for insurance benefits (life, health, and disability
insurance), or 8.9 percent of total compensation. In addition to insurance, the other benefit
categories were: paid leave (vacation, holiday, sick leave, and personal leave), which averaged $2.09
(7.0 percent of total compensation); supplemental pay (overtime and premium, shift differentials, and
nonproduction bonuses), which averaged 70 cents per hour worked (2.3 percent); retirement and savings
(defined benefit and defined contribution plans), which averaged $1.36 per hour (4.5 percent); and
legally required benefits (Social Security, Medicare, unemployment insurance, and workers’
compensation), which averaged $2.33 per hour worked (7.8 percent). (See table A and table 1.)
Private industry
Private industry employer costs for paid leave averaged $1.92 per hour worked (6.8 percent of
total compensation), supplemental pay averaged 76 cents (2.7 percent), insurance benefits averaged
$2.26 (8.0 percent), retirement and savings averaged $1.00 per hour worked (3.5 percent), and legally
required benefits averaged $2.31 (8.2 percent) per hour worked. (See table A and table 5.)
Health insurance costs in private industry
The average cost for health insurance benefits was $2.12 per hour worked in private industry (7.5
percent of total compensation) in March 2011. In March 2001, employer costs for health benefits
averaged $1.16, or 5.6 percent of total compensation.
Among occupational groups, employer costs for health insurance benefits ranged from 91 cents per
hour worked and 6.5 percent of total compensation for service workers, to $3.17 and 6.3 percent of
total compensation for management, professional, and related occupations. Among other occupational
categories, employer costs for health benefits averaged $1.90 (8.6 percent) for sales and office
occupations, lower than $2.47 (8.0 percent) for natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations, and $2.39 (10.1 percent) for production, transportation, and material moving occupations.
(See table 5 and chart 2.)
Employer costs for health insurance benefits were significantly higher for union workers,
averaging $4.63 per hour (12.3 percent), than for nonunion workers, averaging $1.85 (6.8 percent).
(See table 5.)
In goods-producing industries, health insurance benefit costs were higher, at $2.94 per hour (8.9
percent of total compensation), than in service-providing industries, at $1.95 per hour (7.2 percent of
total compensation). (See table 6.)
Among the four regions, costs for health insurance benefits ranged from $1.79 per hour in the
South to $2.49 in the Northeast. Health insurance costs were $2.28 in the Midwest and $2.13 in the
West. Within census divisions, hourly health benefit costs ranged from $1.72 in the West South Central
division to $2.50 in the Middle Atlantic division. (See table 7.)
Health insurance benefit costs increased, both in average hourly dollar amount and as a proportion
of total compensation, with establishment size. Establishments with fewer than 50 workers averaged
$1.34 per hour worked (6.0 percent of total compensation); those with 50-99 workers averaged $1.83 (7.1
percent); those with 100-499 employees averaged $2.40 (8.4 percent); and those with 500 or more
employees averaged $3.54 (8.7 percent). (See table 8.)
For information on health insurance provisions, see National Compensation Survey: Employee
Benefits in the United States, March 2010, at http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/benefits/2010/benefits.htm.
Table A. Relative importance of employer costs for employee compensation, March 2011
Compensation Civilian Private State and local
component workers industry government
Wages and salaries 69.6% 70.7% 65.5%
Benefits 30.4 29.3 34.5
Paid leave 7.0 6.8 7.5
Supplemental pay 2.3 2.7 0.8
Insurance 8.9 8.0 12.0
Health 8.4 7.5 11.7
Retirement and savings 4.5 3.5 8.2
Defined benefit 2.7 1.5 7.4
Defined contribution 1.8 2.1 0.8
Legally required 7.8 8.2 6.0
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for June 2011 is scheduled to be released on Thursday,
September 8, 2011, at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Employer Costs for Employee Compensation data on total compensation, wages and salaries, and
benefits in private industry are produced annually in the March reference period for 15 metropolitan
areas. For further information about metropolitan area ECEC estimates see: "BLS Introduces New
Employer Costs for Employee Compensation Data for Private Industry Workers in 15 Metropolitan Areas,"
at http://www.bls.gov/opub/cwc/cm20090921ar01p1.htm.
Historical ECEC data are available in three listings, all available at
http://www.bls.gov/ect/#tables. The earliest historical listing covers data for the March reference
periods from 1986 to 2001. These data use the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) and Census of
Population occupational classification systems. A second listing contains data for the March, June,
September, and December reference periods from March 2002 to December 2003. These data are also based
on the SIC and Census of Population occupational classification systems. The most recent listing
includes data from March 2004 to the current reference period. These are based on the North American
Industry Classification System (NAICS) and Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) systems.
Supplemental tables with occupational, establishment size, and bargaining status series by
industry group are available at http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/sp/ecsuphst.pdf and
http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/sp/ecsuptc18.pdf.
Relative standard errors for all cost estimates in the most recent news release and supplementary
tables are available at ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/ocwc/ect/ececrse.pdf and
http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/sp/ecsuprse.pdf.
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request--
Telephone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
BLS news releases, including the ECEC, are available through an e-mail subscription service at:
www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
TECHNICAL NOTE
Employer Costs for Employee Compensation (ECEC) measures the average cost to employers for wages
and salaries and benefits per employee hour worked.
ECEC includes the civilian economy, which includes data from both private industry and State and
local government. Excluded from private industry are the self-employed and farm and private household
workers. Federal government workers are excluded from the public sector. The private industry series
and the State and local government series provide data for the two sectors separately.
The cost levels for this quarter were collected from a probability sample of approximately 62,500
occupations selected from a sample of about 12,800 establishments in private industry and
approximately 11,500 occupations from a sample of about 1,800 establishments in State and local
government. Data are collected for the pay period including the 12th day of the survey months of
March, June, September, and December.
Comparing private and public sector data
Compensation cost levels in State and local government should not be directly compared with
levels in private industry. Differences between these sectors stem from factors such as variation
in work activities and occupational structures. Manufacturing and sales, for example, make up a large
part of private industry work activities but are rare in State and local government. Professional
and administrative support occupations (including teachers) account for two-thirds of the State and
local government workforce, compared with one-half of private industry.
ECEC quarterly publication focus
ECEC news releases are published quarterly, providing civilian, private industry, and State and
local government cost per hour estimates as well as additional detail on a specific compensation cost
topic of interest. This quarter focuses on employer compensation costs in selected metropolitan
areas and health benefit costs in private industry. Topics of news releases for the upcoming reference
periods are as follows:
* June 2011--Retirement and savings benefit costs in private industry
* September 2011--Compensation costs in State and local government
ECEC detailed information and measures
For detailed information on Employer Costs for Employee Compensation, see Chapter 8,"National
Compensation Measures," of the BLS Handbook of Methods at: http://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch8.pdf
and http://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/homch8.htm.
Table 1. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Civilian workers, by major occupational and industry group, March 2011
Occupational group Industry group
Management, Natural Production,
Compensation All professional, Sales resources, transportation, Goods- Service-
component workers(1) and and Service construction, and producing(2) providing(3)
related office and material
maintenance moving
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $30.07 100.0 $49.81 100.0 $22.54 100.0 $16.48 100.0 $31.27 100.0 $23.98 100.0 $32.94 100.0 $29.58 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 20.91 69.6 34.86 70.0 15.87 70.4 11.70 71.0 21.11 67.5 15.91 66.3 21.88 66.4 20.75 70.1
Total benefits............................... 9.15 30.4 14.95 30.0 6.68 29.6 4.78 29.0 10.16 32.5 8.07 33.7 11.06 33.6 8.83 29.9
Paid leave................................. 2.09 7.0 3.97 8.0 1.48 6.5 .91 5.5 1.72 5.5 1.43 6.0 2.14 6.5 2.08 7.0
Vacation................................. 1.00 3.3 1.87 3.7 .72 3.2 .43 2.6 .89 2.8 .73 3.0 1.13 3.4 .98 3.3
Holiday.................................. .65 2.2 1.18 2.4 .47 2.1 .29 1.7 .56 1.8 .49 2.0 .75 2.3 .63 2.1
Sick..................................... .33 1.1 .70 1.4 .21 .9 .15 .9 .19 .6 .16 .7 .19 .6 .35 1.2
Personal................................. .11 .4 .23 .5 .07 .3 .04 .3 .09 .3 .06 .2 .06 .2 .12 .4
Supplemental pay........................... .70 2.3 1.10 2.2 .45 2.0 .30 1.8 .88 2.8 .83 3.4 1.26 3.8 .60 2.0
Overtime and premium(4).................. .24 .8 .14 .3 .14 .6 .17 1.0 .63 2.0 .51 2.1 .56 1.7 .19 .6
Shift differentials...................... .06 .2 .11 .2 .02 .1 .05 .3 .05 .2 .08 .4 .09 .3 .06 .2
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .39 1.3 .85 1.7 .29 1.3 .08 .5 .21 .7 .23 1.0 .62 1.9 .35 1.2
Insurance.................................. 2.67 8.9 4.02 8.1 2.21 9.8 1.41 8.5 2.83 9.0 2.62 10.9 3.15 9.6 2.59 8.8
Life..................................... .05 .2 .09 .2 .03 .1 .02 .1 .05 .2 .04 .2 .07 .2 .05 .2
Health................................... 2.53 8.4 3.78 7.6 2.11 9.4 1.37 8.3 2.66 8.5 2.48 10.4 2.95 9.0 2.46 8.3
Short-term disability.................... .05 .2 .07 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .08 .3 .05 .2 .08 .3 .04 .1
Long-term disability..................... .04 .1 .08 .2 .03 .1 (5) (6) .03 .1 .04 .2 .05 .1 .04 .1
Retirement and savings..................... 1.36 4.5 2.59 5.2 .77 3.4 .64 3.9 1.65 5.3 .91 3.8 1.58 4.8 1.33 4.5
Defined benefit.......................... .83 2.7 1.54 3.1 .35 1.6 .51 3.1 1.17 3.7 .57 2.4 .91 2.8 .81 2.7
Defined contribution..................... .54 1.8 1.05 2.1 .42 1.9 .14 .8 .48 1.5 .35 1.4 .66 2.0 .52 1.7
Legally required benefits.................. 2.33 7.8 3.27 6.6 1.77 7.9 1.52 9.2 3.08 9.8 2.28 9.5 2.94 8.9 2.23 7.5
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.69 5.6 2.72 5.5 1.32 5.9 .98 5.9 1.77 5.7 1.36 5.7 1.86 5.6 1.67 5.6
Social Security(7)..................... 1.35 4.5 2.14 4.3 1.06 4.7 .79 4.8 1.43 4.6 1.10 4.6 1.50 4.5 1.33 4.5
Medicare............................... .34 1.1 .57 1.1 .26 1.1 .19 1.2 .34 1.1 .26 1.1 .36 1.1 .34 1.1
Federal unemployment insurance........... .03 .1 .02 (6) .03 .1 .03 .2 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1
State unemployment insurance............. .18 .6 .17 .3 .17 .8 .16 1.0 .23 .7 .22 .9 .27 .8 .17 .6
Workers' compensation.................... .43 1.4 .36 .7 .24 1.1 .36 2.2 1.05 3.3 .67 2.8 .77 2.3 .37 1.3
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy excluding households and the public sector excluding the Federal government.
2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
3 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation;
accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.
4 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
5 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
6 Less than .05 percent.
7 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
Table 2. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation:
Civilian workers, by occupational and industry group, March 2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insurance ment required
leave pay and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
Civilian workers(1)............................ $30.07 $20.91 $9.15 $2.09 $0.70 $2.67 $1.36 $2.33
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 49.81 34.86 14.95 3.97 1.10 4.02 2.59 3.27
Management, business, and financial.... 56.84 39.30 17.55 5.20 1.86 4.08 2.73 3.69
Professional and related............... 47.23 33.23 14.00 3.52 .82 4.00 2.54 3.12
Teachers(2).......................... 53.81 38.54 15.26 2.75 .14 5.31 3.96 3.11
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers......... 53.82 38.06 15.76 2.49 .15 6.01 4.21 2.90
Registered nurses.................... 48.68 33.82 14.87 4.00 1.61 3.73 1.99 3.54
Sales and office......................... 22.54 15.87 6.68 1.48 .45 2.21 .77 1.77
Sales and related...................... 20.88 15.58 5.31 1.14 .48 1.43 .52 1.75
Office and administrative support...... 23.50 16.04 7.47 1.67 .44 2.66 .92 1.78
Service.................................. 16.48 11.70 4.78 .91 .30 1.41 .64 1.52
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 31.27 21.11 10.16 1.72 .88 2.83 1.65 3.08
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry(3).............. 31.35 20.99 10.36 1.31 .92 2.67 2.03 3.43
Installation, maintenance, and repair.. 31.19 21.23 9.95 2.13 .84 2.99 1.27 2.71
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 23.98 15.91 8.07 1.43 .83 2.62 .91 2.28
Production............................. 24.66 16.27 8.39 1.57 .99 2.73 .82 2.28
Transportation and material moving..... 23.35 15.58 7.78 1.30 .67 2.53 1.00 2.28
Industry group
Education and health services............ 34.97 24.41 10.56 2.48 .44 3.41 1.88 2.36
Educational services................... 42.68 29.58 13.10 2.68 .15 4.71 3.06 2.51
Elementary and secondary schools..... 42.47 29.29 13.18 2.27 .15 5.13 3.26 2.37
Junior colleges, colleges, and
universities....................... 45.84 31.70 14.14 3.78 .14 4.33 3.05 2.84
Health care and social assistance...... 29.39 20.66 8.72 2.33 .65 2.47 1.03 2.25
Hospitals............................ 37.51 25.04 12.46 3.28 1.10 3.82 1.61 2.65
Percent of total compensation
Civilian workers(1)............................ 100.0 69.6 30.4 7.0 2.3 8.9 4.5 7.8
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 70.0 30.0 8.0 2.2 8.1 5.2 6.6
Management, business, and financial.... 100.0 69.1 30.9 9.1 3.3 7.2 4.8 6.5
Professional and related............... 100.0 70.4 29.6 7.5 1.7 8.5 5.4 6.6
Teachers(2).......................... 100.0 71.6 28.4 5.1 .3 9.9 7.4 5.8
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers......... 100.0 70.7 29.3 4.6 .3 11.2 7.8 5.4
Registered nurses.................... 100.0 69.5 30.5 8.2 3.3 7.7 4.1 7.3
Sales and office......................... 100.0 70.4 29.6 6.5 2.0 9.8 3.4 7.9
Sales and related...................... 100.0 74.6 25.4 5.5 2.3 6.8 2.5 8.4
Office and administrative support...... 100.0 68.2 31.8 7.1 1.9 11.3 3.9 7.6
Service.................................. 100.0 71.0 29.0 5.5 1.8 8.5 3.9 9.2
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 100.0 67.5 32.5 5.5 2.8 9.0 5.3 9.8
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry(3).............. 100.0 67.0 33.0 4.2 2.9 8.5 6.5 11.0
Installation, maintenance, and repair.. 100.0 68.1 31.9 6.8 2.7 9.6 4.1 8.7
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 100.0 66.3 33.7 6.0 3.4 10.9 3.8 9.5
Production............................. 100.0 66.0 34.0 6.4 4.0 11.1 3.3 9.3
Transportation and material moving..... 100.0 66.7 33.3 5.6 2.9 10.8 4.3 9.8
Industry group
Education and health services............ 100.0 69.8 30.2 7.1 1.2 9.8 5.4 6.7
Educational services................... 100.0 69.3 30.7 6.3 .3 11.0 7.2 5.9
Elementary and secondary schools..... 100.0 69.0 31.0 5.3 .4 12.1 7.7 5.6
Junior colleges, colleges, and
universities....................... 100.0 69.2 30.8 8.2 .3 9.5 6.7 6.2
Health care and social assistance...... 100.0 70.3 29.7 7.9 2.2 8.4 3.5 7.7
Hospitals............................ 100.0 66.8 33.2 8.7 2.9 10.2 4.3 7.1
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy excluding households and the public sector excluding the Federal
government.
2 Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and
instructors.
3 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations were combined with construction and extraction occupational group as of
December 2006.
Table 3. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: State and local
government workers, by major occupational and industry group, March 2011
Occupational group(1) Industry group
Management, Sales
Compensation All professional, and Service Service-providing
component workers and office (2)
related
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $40.54 100.0 $49.19 100.0 $28.04 100.0 $30.22 100.0 $40.59 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 26.55 65.5 33.50 68.1 17.04 60.8 18.04 59.7 26.60 65.5
Total benefits............................... 13.99 34.5 15.69 31.9 11.00 39.2 12.17 40.3 13.99 34.5
Paid leave................................. 3.03 7.5 3.37 6.8 2.50 8.9 2.65 8.8 3.02 7.5
Vacation................................. 1.14 2.8 1.14 2.3 1.12 4.0 1.15 3.8 1.14 2.8
Holiday.................................. .88 2.2 .93 1.9 .79 2.8 .85 2.8 .88 2.2
Sick..................................... .79 1.9 1.01 2.0 .49 1.7 .53 1.7 .79 1.9
Personal................................. .22 .5 .30 .6 .11 .4 .12 .4 .22 .5
Supplemental pay........................... .33 .8 .24 .5 .19 .7 .56 1.8 .33 .8
Overtime and premium(3).................. .17 .4 .07 .1 .11 .4 .37 1.2 .17 .4
Shift differentials...................... .04 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .09 .3 .04 .1
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .11 .3 .14 .3 .07 .2 .11 .3 .12 .3
Insurance.................................. 4.88 12.0 5.41 11.0 4.43 15.8 3.96 13.1 4.88 12.0
Life..................................... .09 .2 .12 .2 .05 .2 .05 .2 .09 .2
Health................................... 4.72 11.7 5.21 10.6 4.33 15.4 3.87 12.8 4.73 11.6
Short-term disability.................... .03 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1 .03 .1
Long-term disability..................... .04 .1 .06 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .04 .1
Retirement and savings..................... 3.32 8.2 3.88 7.9 2.12 7.6 2.98 9.9 3.32 8.2
Defined benefit.......................... 2.99 7.4 3.46 7.0 1.89 6.7 2.77 9.2 2.99 7.4
Defined contribution..................... .33 .8 .42 .9 .23 .8 .21 .7 .33 .8
Legally required benefits.................. 2.44 6.0 2.79 5.7 1.77 6.3 2.03 6.7 2.44 6.0
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.88 4.6 2.30 4.7 1.35 4.8 1.32 4.4 1.88 4.6
Social Security(4)..................... 1.46 3.6 1.77 3.6 1.07 3.8 1.02 3.4 1.46 3.6
Medicare............................... .42 1.0 .53 1.1 .28 1.0 .30 1.0 .42 1.0
Federal unemployment insurance........... (5) (6) (5) (6) (5) (6) (5) (6) (5) (6)
State unemployment insurance............. .10 .2 .10 .2 .08 .3 .10 .3 .10 .2
Workers' compensation.................... .46 1.1 .40 .8 .33 1.2 .60 2.0 .46 1.1
1 This table presents data for the three major occupational groups in State and local government: management, professional, and related
occupations, including teachers; sales and office occupations, including clerical workers; and service occupations, including police and
firefighters.
2 Service-providing industries, which include health and educational services, employ a large part of the State and local government
workforce.
3 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
4 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
5 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
6 Less than .05 percent.
Table 4. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: State
and local government workers, by occupational and industry group, March 2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insurance ment required
leave pay and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
State and local government workers............. $40.54 $26.55 $13.99 $3.03 $0.33 $4.88 $3.32 $2.44
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 49.19 33.50 15.69 3.37 .24 5.41 3.88 2.79
Professional and related............... 48.28 33.06 15.22 3.04 .23 5.40 3.83 2.72
Teachers(1).......................... 55.78 39.41 16.37 2.84 .14 5.91 4.45 3.04
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers......... 56.38 39.62 16.76 2.58 .15 6.48 4.62 2.92
Sales and office......................... 28.04 17.04 11.00 2.50 .19 4.43 2.12 1.77
Office and administrative support...... 28.28 17.13 11.15 2.53 .19 4.50 2.15 1.77
Service.................................. 30.22 18.04 12.17 2.65 .56 3.96 2.98 2.03
Industry group
Education and health services............ 42.58 28.85 13.72 2.73 .21 5.10 3.27 2.41
Educational services................... 43.55 29.75 13.80 2.66 .15 5.17 3.41 2.42
Elementary and secondary schools..... 43.08 29.54 13.54 2.29 .16 5.33 3.42 2.35
Junior colleges, colleges, and
universities....................... 45.36 30.64 14.72 3.84 .13 4.68 3.40 2.66
Health care and social assistance...... 35.75 22.57 13.19 3.28 .61 4.62 2.35 2.32
Hospitals............................ 38.04 24.05 14.00 3.54 .74 4.94 2.37 2.41
Public administration.................... 38.54 23.49 15.05 3.66 .55 4.68 3.65 2.51
Percent of total compensation
State and local government workers............. 100.0 65.5 34.5 7.5 0.8 12.0 8.2 6.0
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 68.1 31.9 6.8 .5 11.0 7.9 5.7
Professional and related............... 100.0 68.5 31.5 6.3 .5 11.2 7.9 5.6
Teachers(1).......................... 100.0 70.6 29.4 5.1 .2 10.6 8.0 5.4
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers......... 100.0 70.3 29.7 4.6 .3 11.5 8.2 5.2
Sales and office......................... 100.0 60.8 39.2 8.9 .7 15.8 7.6 6.3
Office and administrative support...... 100.0 60.6 39.4 9.0 .7 15.9 7.6 6.2
Service.................................. 100.0 59.7 40.3 8.8 1.8 13.1 9.9 6.7
Industry group
Education and health services............ 100.0 67.8 32.2 6.4 .5 12.0 7.7 5.7
Educational services................... 100.0 68.3 31.7 6.1 .3 11.9 7.8 5.6
Elementary and secondary schools..... 100.0 68.6 31.4 5.3 .4 12.4 7.9 5.5
Junior colleges, colleges, and
universities....................... 100.0 67.6 32.4 8.5 .3 10.3 7.5 5.9
Health care and social assistance...... 100.0 63.1 36.9 9.2 1.7 12.9 6.6 6.5
Hospitals............................ 100.0 63.2 36.8 9.3 1.9 13.0 6.2 6.3
Public administration.................... 100.0 61.0 39.0 9.5 1.4 12.1 9.5 6.5
1 Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and
instructors.
Table 5. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by major occupational group and bargaining unit status, March 2011
Occupational group Bargaining unit status
Management, Natural Production,
Compensation All professional, Sales resources, transportation,
component workers and and Service construction, and Union Nonunion
related office and material
maintenance moving
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $28.10 100.0 $50.08 100.0 $22.02 100.0 $13.98 100.0 $30.93 100.0 $23.70 100.0 $37.68 100.0 $27.08 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 19.85 70.7 35.44 70.8 15.75 71.6 10.54 75.4 21.14 68.3 15.80 66.7 23.02 61.1 19.51 72.1
Total benefits............................... 8.25 29.3 14.64 29.2 6.26 28.4 3.44 24.6 9.79 31.7 7.90 33.3 14.67 38.9 7.56 27.9
Paid leave................................. 1.92 6.8 4.23 8.5 1.38 6.3 .59 4.2 1.57 5.1 1.39 5.9 2.77 7.3 1.83 6.7
Vacation................................. .98 3.5 2.18 4.4 .68 3.1 .30 2.1 .82 2.7 .72 3.0 1.42 3.8 .93 3.4
Holiday.................................. .60 2.1 1.28 2.6 .44 2.0 .19 1.3 .51 1.7 .48 2.0 .81 2.2 .58 2.1
Sick..................................... .24 .9 .56 1.1 .18 .8 .08 .6 .15 .5 .14 .6 .38 1.0 .23 .8
Personal................................. .09 .3 .21 .4 .07 .3 .03 .2 .08 .3 .05 .2 .15 .4 .09 .3
Supplemental pay........................... .76 2.7 1.46 2.9 .48 2.2 .25 1.8 .92 3.0 .84 3.5 1.16 3.1 .72 2.7
Overtime and premium(1).................. .25 .9 .17 .3 .14 .6 .13 .9 .65 2.1 .52 2.2 .73 1.9 .20 .7
Shift differentials...................... .07 .2 .14 .3 .02 .1 .05 .3 .05 .1 .09 .4 .18 .5 .06 .2
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .44 1.6 1.15 2.3 .31 1.4 .07 .5 .22 .7 .24 1.0 .25 .7 .46 1.7
Insurance.................................. 2.26 8.0 3.43 6.9 1.99 9.1 .94 6.7 2.63 8.5 2.53 10.7 4.94 13.1 1.97 7.3
Life..................................... .04 .2 .08 .2 .03 .1 (2) (3) .05 .2 .04 .2 .08 .2 .04 .1
Health................................... 2.12 7.5 3.17 6.3 1.90 8.6 .91 6.5 2.47 8.0 2.39 10.1 4.63 12.3 1.85 6.8
Short-term disability.................... .05 .2 .08 .2 .03 .2 (2) (3) .08 .3 .06 .2 .14 .4 .04 .1
Long-term disability..................... .04 .2 .10 .2 .03 .1 (2) (3) .03 .1 .05 .2 .09 .2 .04 .1
Retirement and savings..................... 1.00 3.5 2.04 4.1 .64 2.9 .22 1.6 1.52 4.9 .85 3.6 2.64 7.0 .82 3.0
Defined benefit.......................... .42 1.5 .72 1.4 .20 .9 .09 .7 1.01 3.3 .49 2.1 1.92 5.1 .26 1.0
Defined contribution..................... .58 2.1 1.32 2.6 .44 2.0 .13 .9 .51 1.7 .36 1.5 .72 1.9 .56 2.1
Legally required benefits.................. 2.31 8.2 3.47 6.9 1.77 8.0 1.43 10.2 3.15 10.2 2.28 9.6 3.16 8.4 2.22 8.2
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.66 5.9 2.89 5.8 1.32 6.0 .92 6.6 1.79 5.8 1.36 5.7 2.02 5.4 1.62 6.0
Social Security(4)..................... 1.33 4.7 2.30 4.6 1.06 4.8 .74 5.3 1.45 4.7 1.10 4.6 1.63 4.3 1.30 4.8
Medicare............................... .33 1.2 .59 1.2 .25 1.2 .17 1.2 .34 1.1 .26 1.1 .39 1.0 .32 1.2
Federal unemployment insurance........... .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .2 .04 .3 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1
State unemployment insurance............. .20 .7 .20 .4 .18 .8 .17 1.2 .25 .8 .23 1.0 .26 .7 .19 .7
Workers' compensation.................... .42 1.5 .34 .7 .24 1.1 .31 2.2 1.09 3.5 .67 2.8 .86 2.3 .38 1.4
1 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
2 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
3 Less than .05 percent.
4 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
Table 6. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by major industry group, March 2011
Goods-producing(1) Service-providing(2)
All Trade, Professional Education Leisure
Compensation All goods- Construction Manufacturing service- transportation, Information Financial and and and Other services
component producing(1) providing(2) and activities business health hospitality
utilities services services
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $32.91 100.0 $31.59 100.0 $32.67 100.0 $27.11 100.0 $23.52 100.0 $42.35 100.0 $37.89 100.0 $33.94 100.0 $30.31 100.0 $12.21 100.0 $24.58 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 21.88 66.5 21.92 69.4 21.41 65.5 19.44 71.7 16.58 70.5 28.93 68.3 25.77 68.0 24.76 73.0 21.69 71.5 9.66 79.1 18.26 74.3
Total benefits............................... 11.03 33.5 9.67 30.6 11.26 34.5 7.68 28.3 6.94 29.5 13.42 31.7 12.12 32.0 9.18 27.0 8.63 28.5 2.55 20.9 6.32 25.7
Paid leave................................. 2.13 6.5 1.17 3.7 2.44 7.5 1.87 6.9 1.42 6.0 3.90 9.2 3.11 8.2 2.42 7.1 2.32 7.6 .40 3.3 1.49 6.1
Vacation................................. 1.13 3.4 .63 2.0 1.29 3.9 .95 3.5 .73 3.1 1.99 4.7 1.57 4.1 1.24 3.7 1.15 3.8 .22 1.8 .69 2.8
Holiday.................................. .75 2.3 .41 1.3 .87 2.7 .57 2.1 .44 1.9 1.04 2.5 .93 2.5 .79 2.3 .67 2.2 .12 1.0 .54 2.2
Sick..................................... .19 .6 .09 .3 .22 .7 .25 .9 .19 .8 .49 1.2 .44 1.2 .30 .9 .35 1.2 .04 .3 .20 .8
Personal................................. .06 .2 .04 .1 .07 .2 .10 .4 .07 .3 .38 .9 .17 .4 .10 .3 .14 .5 (3) (4) .06 .2
Supplemental pay........................... 1.27 3.9 .97 3.1 1.33 4.1 .66 2.4 .56 2.4 1.08 2.6 1.70 4.5 .85 2.5 .58 1.9 .12 1.0 .54 2.2
Overtime and premium(5).................. .56 1.7 .62 2.0 .52 1.6 .19 .7 .25 1.1 .33 .8 .14 .4 .19 .6 .21 .7 .07 .6 .13 .5
Shift differentials...................... .09 .3 (3) (4) .12 .4 .06 .2 .02 .1 .06 .1 (3) (4) .03 .1 .21 .7 (3) (4) (3) (4)
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .63 1.9 .35 1.1 .69 2.1 .41 1.5 .28 1.2 .70 1.6 1.54 4.1 .63 1.8 .16 .5 .05 .4 .40 1.6
Insurance.................................. 3.13 9.5 2.33 7.4 3.40 10.4 2.08 7.7 2.08 8.9 3.95 9.3 3.14 8.3 2.25 6.6 2.38 7.8 .61 5.0 1.49 6.1
Life..................................... .07 .2 .05 .2 .07 .2 .04 .1 .03 .1 .06 .1 .06 .2 .06 .2 .03 .1 (3) (4) .05 .2
Health................................... 2.94 8.9 2.20 7.0 3.19 9.8 1.95 7.2 1.98 8.4 3.66 8.6 2.92 7.7 2.09 6.1 2.26 7.4 .58 4.8 1.39 5.6
Short-term disability.................... .08 .3 .05 .2 .09 .3 .04 .2 .03 .1 .16 .4 .10 .3 .05 .2 .03 .1 (3) (4) .03 .1
Long-term disability..................... .05 .1 .02 .1 .05 .2 .04 .2 .04 .2 .07 .2 .06 .2 .05 .2 .05 .2 (3) (4) .02 .1
Retirement and savings..................... 1.56 4.7 1.70 5.4 1.39 4.3 .88 3.3 .82 3.5 1.57 3.7 1.65 4.4 1.02 3.0 1.03 3.4 .11 .9 .64 2.6
Defined benefit.......................... .89 2.7 1.10 3.5 .73 2.2 .32 1.2 .39 1.6 .57 1.3 .65 1.7 .33 1.0 .30 1.0 .04 .3 .25 1.0
Defined contribution..................... .67 2.0 .60 1.9 .66 2.0 .56 2.1 .44 1.9 1.00 2.4 1.00 2.6 .68 2.0 .73 2.4 .08 .6 .39 1.6
Legally required benefits.................. 2.94 8.9 3.50 11.1 2.70 8.3 2.18 8.1 2.06 8.8 2.92 6.9 2.52 6.7 2.64 7.8 2.32 7.7 1.31 10.7 2.16 8.8
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.86 5.7 1.81 5.7 1.85 5.7 1.62 6.0 1.38 5.9 2.44 5.8 2.12 5.6 2.02 6.0 1.80 5.9 .86 7.0 1.52 6.2
Social Security(6)..................... 1.50 4.6 1.46 4.6 1.49 4.6 1.30 4.8 1.11 4.7 1.95 4.6 1.68 4.4 1.62 4.8 1.45 4.8 .70 5.7 1.22 5.0
Medicare............................... .36 1.1 .35 1.1 .36 1.1 .32 1.2 .27 1.1 .49 1.2 .44 1.2 .40 1.2 .35 1.2 .16 1.3 .29 1.2
Federal unemployment insurance........... .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .04 .2 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .04 .3 .03 .1
State unemployment insurance............. .27 .8 .33 1.0 .26 .8 .18 .7 .18 .8 .20 .5 .19 .5 .23 .7 .16 .5 .16 1.3 .20 .8
Workers' compensation.................... .77 2.4 1.33 4.2 .56 1.7 .35 1.3 .46 2.0 .25 .6 .18 .5 .36 1.0 .34 1.1 .25 2.0 .41 1.7
1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
2 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste
services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
3 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
4 Less than .05 percent.
5 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
6 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
Table 7. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by census region and division, March 2011
Census region and division(1)
Northeast Northeast divisions South South divisions Midwest Midwest divisions West West divisions
Compensation
component
New England Middle Atlantic South Atlantic East South Central West South Central East North Central West North Central Mountain Pacific
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $32.16 100.0 $33.56 100.0 $31.62 100.0 $24.93 100.0 $25.48 100.0 $22.65 100.0 $25.07 100.0 27.47 100.0 27.73 100.0 26.90 100.0 29.95 100.0 27.93 100.0 30.84 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 22.35 69.5 23.64 70.5 21.86 69.1 17.92 71.9 18.41 72.3 16.02 70.8 17.96 71.6 19.18 69.8 19.20 69.3 19.12 71.1 21.28 71.0 20.18 72.2 21.76 70.6
Total benefits............................... 9.81 30.5 9.91 29.5 9.76 30.9 7.02 28.1 7.07 27.7 6.62 29.2 7.11 28.4 8.29 30.2 8.52 30.7 7.78 28.9 8.67 29.0 7.75 27.8 9.07 29.4
Paid leave................................. 2.37 7.4 2.46 7.3 2.34 7.4 1.64 6.6 1.70 6.7 1.44 6.3 1.63 6.5 1.82 6.6 1.84 6.6 1.79 6.7 2.03 6.8 1.85 6.6 2.10 6.8
Vacation................................. 1.18 3.7 1.24 3.7 1.15 3.6 .82 3.3 .86 3.4 .74 3.3 .81 3.2 .97 3.5 .96 3.5 .99 3.7 1.05 3.5 .96 3.4 1.09 3.5
Holiday.................................. .74 2.3 .80 2.4 .72 2.3 .53 2.1 .54 2.1 .46 2.0 .53 2.1 .57 2.1 .59 2.1 .54 2.0 .63 2.1 .56 2.0 .65 2.1
Sick..................................... .32 1.0 .30 .9 .33 1.0 .21 .8 .22 .9 .17 .7 .21 .8 .20 .7 .20 .7 .20 .7 .27 .9 .25 .9 .29 .9
Personal................................. .14 .4 .13 .4 .14 .4 .08 .3 .09 .3 .07 .3 .07 .3 .09 .3 .10 .3 .06 .2 .08 .3 .09 .3 .07 .2
Supplemental pay........................... .96 3.0 .91 2.7 .98 3.1 .69 2.8 .61 2.4 .60 2.6 .86 3.4 .73 2.7 .80 2.9 .60 2.2 .74 2.5 .72 2.6 .75 2.4
Overtime and premium(2).................. .25 .8 .24 .7 .25 .8 .26 1.0 .23 .9 .26 1.1 .30 1.2 .27 1.0 .28 1.0 .24 .9 .24 .8 .21 .7 .26 .8
Shift differentials...................... .07 .2 .07 .2 .07 .2 .07 .3 .07 .3 .08 .3 .06 .2 .08 .3 .09 .3 .06 .2 .05 .2 .05 .2 .06 .2
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .64 2.0 .59 1.8 .66 2.1 .37 1.5 .31 1.2 .26 1.2 .51 2.0 .39 1.4 .43 1.6 .29 1.1 .44 1.5 .46 1.7 .43 1.4
Insurance.................................. 2.67 8.3 2.67 8.0 2.67 8.5 1.90 7.6 1.92 7.5 2.00 8.8 1.83 7.3 2.42 8.8 2.53 9.1 2.20 8.2 2.24 7.5 2.01 7.2 2.34 7.6
Life..................................... .05 .2 .06 .2 .05 .1 .04 .2 .04 .2 .05 .2 .04 .2 .04 .2 .04 .2 .04 .2 .04 .1 .04 .2 .03 .1
Health................................... 2.49 7.8 2.48 7.4 2.50 7.9 1.79 7.2 1.80 7.1 1.89 8.3 1.72 6.9 2.28 8.3 2.38 8.6 2.07 7.7 2.13 7.1 1.89 6.8 2.23 7.2
Short-term disability.................... .08 .2 .07 .2 .08 .3 .04 .2 .04 .2 .04 .2 .03 .1 .06 .2 .06 .2 .04 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .04 .1
Long-term disability..................... .05 .2 .06 .2 .05 .1 .04 .2 .04 .2 .04 .2 .03 .1 .05 .2 .04 .2 .06 .2 .04 .1 .04 .2 .04 .1
Retirement and savings..................... 1.19 3.7 1.20 3.6 1.18 3.7 .78 3.1 .79 3.1 .67 3.0 .82 3.3 1.07 3.9 1.10 4.0 1.02 3.8 1.07 3.6 .96 3.5 1.12 3.6
Defined benefit.......................... .49 1.5 .47 1.4 .49 1.6 .29 1.2 .26 1.0 .28 1.2 .34 1.3 .51 1.8 .56 2.0 .39 1.4 .47 1.6 .33 1.2 .53 1.7
Defined contribution..................... .70 2.2 .72 2.2 .69 2.2 .49 2.0 .52 2.0 .39 1.7 .49 1.9 .56 2.1 .54 1.9 .63 2.3 .61 2.0 .63 2.3 .59 1.9
Legally required benefits.................. 2.62 8.1 2.68 8.0 2.59 8.2 2.00 8.0 2.05 8.0 1.91 8.4 1.96 7.8 2.24 8.1 2.26 8.2 2.17 8.1 2.59 8.7 2.21 7.9 2.76 9.0
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.87 5.8 1.97 5.9 1.83 5.8 1.51 6.0 1.54 6.0 1.39 6.2 1.50 6.0 1.60 5.8 1.62 5.8 1.57 5.8 1.76 5.9 1.63 5.8 1.82 5.9
Social Security(3)..................... 1.50 4.6 1.58 4.7 1.46 4.6 1.21 4.9 1.24 4.9 1.13 5.0 1.20 4.8 1.29 4.7 1.30 4.7 1.25 4.7 1.41 4.7 1.30 4.7 1.46 4.7
Medicare............................... .37 1.2 .39 1.2 .36 1.2 .29 1.2 .30 1.2 .27 1.2 .30 1.2 .32 1.1 .32 1.1 .31 1.2 .35 1.2 .33 1.2 .36 1.2
Federal unemployment insurance........... .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .04 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1
State unemployment insurance............. .28 .9 .29 .9 .28 .9 .13 .5 .13 .5 .14 .6 .13 .5 .20 .7 .21 .7 .19 .7 .22 .7 .15 .6 .25 .8
Workers' compensation.................... .44 1.4 .38 1.1 .46 1.4 .33 1.3 .35 1.4 .35 1.5 .30 1.2 .40 1.4 .40 1.5 .38 1.4 .58 1.9 .39 1.4 .66 2.1
1 The States that comprise the census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South
Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska,
North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
2 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
3 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
Table 8. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by establishment employment
size, March 2011
1-99 workers 100 workers or more
Compensation
component 1-99 workers 1-49 workers 50-99 workers 100 workers or more 100-499 workers 500 workers or more
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $23.21 100.0 $22.37 100.0 $25.84 100.0 $33.69 100.0 $28.69 100.0 $40.53 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 17.17 74.0 16.70 74.7 18.64 72.1 22.92 68.0 20.06 69.9 26.83 66.2
Total benefits............................... 6.04 26.0 5.67 25.3 7.20 27.9 10.77 32.0 8.63 30.1 13.70 33.8
Paid leave................................. 1.31 5.6 1.21 5.4 1.61 6.2 2.61 7.8 1.99 6.9 3.47 8.6
Vacation................................. .65 2.8 .60 2.7 .80 3.1 1.36 4.0 1.02 3.6 1.82 4.5
Holiday.................................. .44 1.9 .41 1.8 .52 2.0 .79 2.3 .63 2.2 1.01 2.5
Sick..................................... .16 .7 .14 .6 .20 .8 .34 1.0 .25 .9 .46 1.1
Personal................................. .06 .3 .05 .2 .09 .3 .13 .4 .10 .3 .17 .4
Supplemental pay........................... .51 2.2 .48 2.1 .62 2.4 1.05 3.1 .74 2.6 1.48 3.7
Overtime and premium(1).................. .18 .8 .17 .7 .24 .9 .33 1.0 .30 1.0 .38 .9
Shift differentials...................... .02 .1 (2) (3) .03 .1 .13 .4 .07 .2 .21 .5
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .31 1.4 .30 1.4 .35 1.3 .59 1.8 .36 1.3 .90 2.2
Insurance.................................. 1.54 6.6 1.41 6.3 1.94 7.5 3.08 9.1 2.55 8.9 3.80 9.4
Life..................................... .03 .1 .03 .1 .04 .1 .06 .2 .05 .2 .07 .2
Health................................... 1.46 6.3 1.34 6.0 1.83 7.1 2.88 8.6 2.40 8.4 3.54 8.7
Short-term disability.................... .03 .1 .03 .1 .04 .1 .07 .2 .06 .2 .10 .2
Long-term disability..................... .02 .1 .02 .1 .03 .1 .06 .2 .04 .1 .09 .2
Retirement and savings..................... .59 2.5 .52 2.3 .80 3.1 1.46 4.3 1.02 3.6 2.07 5.1
Defined benefit.......................... .21 .9 .19 .8 .29 1.1 .66 2.0 .41 1.4 1.00 2.5
Defined contribution..................... .38 1.6 .34 1.5 .51 2.0 .80 2.4 .61 2.1 1.07 2.6
Legally required benefits.................. 2.09 9.0 2.04 9.1 2.24 8.7 2.57 7.6 2.34 8.2 2.89 7.1
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.42 6.1 1.38 6.2 1.55 6.0 1.93 5.7 1.66 5.8 2.29 5.7
Social Security(4)..................... 1.14 4.9 1.11 5.0 1.24 4.8 1.54 4.6 1.33 4.6 1.84 4.5
Medicare............................... .28 1.2 .27 1.2 .30 1.2 .38 1.1 .33 1.1 .46 1.1
Federal unemployment insurance........... .04 .2 .04 .2 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1
State unemployment insurance............. .20 .9 .20 .9 .21 .8 .19 .6 .20 .7 .18 .4
Workers' compensation.................... .43 1.8 .42 1.9 .45 1.8 .42 1.2 .44 1.5 .39 1.0
1 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
2 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
3 Less than .05 percent.
4 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
Table 9. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private
industry workers, goods-producing and service-providing industries, by occupational group, March 2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insurance ment required
leave pay and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
All workers in private industry...................... $28.10 $19.85 $8.25 $1.92 $0.76 $2.26 $1.00 $2.31
Management, professional, and related.......... 50.08 35.44 14.64 4.23 1.46 3.43 2.04 3.47
Management, business, and financial.......... 57.35 39.96 17.39 5.20 2.17 3.80 2.44 3.78
Professional and related..................... 46.67 33.32 13.35 3.78 1.13 3.26 1.85 3.33
Sales and office............................... 22.02 15.75 6.26 1.38 .48 1.99 .64 1.77
Sales and related............................ 20.84 15.58 5.27 1.13 .48 1.40 .50 1.75
Office and administrative support............ 22.78 15.87 6.91 1.54 .47 2.38 .73 1.79
Service........................................ 13.98 10.54 3.44 .59 .25 .94 .22 1.43
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 30.93 21.14 9.79 1.57 .92 2.63 1.52 3.15
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing,
and forestry(1)............................. 31.12 21.10 10.02 1.12 .96 2.46 1.92 3.55
Installation, maintenance, and repair........ 30.74 21.17 9.57 2.01 .87 2.81 1.13 2.76
Production, transportation, and material moving 23.70 15.80 7.90 1.39 .84 2.53 .85 2.28
Production................................... 24.47 16.18 8.29 1.54 .99 2.69 .79 2.27
Transportation and material moving........... 22.95 15.44 7.51 1.24 .69 2.38 .91 2.29
All workers, goods-producing industries(2)....... 32.91 21.88 11.03 2.13 1.27 3.13 1.56 2.94
Management, professional, and related.......... 59.18 39.77 19.41 5.22 2.51 4.42 3.25 4.00
Sales and office............................... 27.98 19.39 8.59 1.91 .69 2.79 .91 2.28
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 31.90 21.46 10.44 1.24 1.05 2.69 1.93 3.53
Production, transportation, and material moving 25.74 16.65 9.09 1.63 1.10 3.05 .91 2.40
All workers, service-providing industries(3)..... 27.11 19.44 7.68 1.87 .66 2.08 .88 2.18
Management, professional, and related.......... 48.94 34.90 14.04 4.11 1.33 3.31 1.89 3.41
Sales and office............................... 21.62 15.52 6.11 1.34 .46 1.94 .62 1.74
Service........................................ 13.91 10.51 3.40 .59 .24 .93 .21 1.43
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 29.77 20.75 9.02 1.95 .75 2.57 1.04 2.71
Production, transportation, and material moving 21.97 15.09 6.88 1.18 .61 2.10 .80 2.19
Percent of total compensation
All workers in private industry...................... 100.0 70.7 29.3 6.8 2.7 8.0 3.5 8.2
Management, professional, and related.......... 100.0 70.8 29.2 8.5 2.9 6.9 4.1 6.9
Management, business, and financial.......... 100.0 69.7 30.3 9.1 3.8 6.6 4.2 6.6
Professional and related..................... 100.0 71.4 28.6 8.1 2.4 7.0 4.0 7.1
Sales and office............................... 100.0 71.6 28.4 6.3 2.2 9.1 2.9 8.0
Sales and related............................ 100.0 74.7 25.3 5.4 2.3 6.7 2.4 8.4
Office and administrative support............ 100.0 69.7 30.3 6.8 2.1 10.5 3.2 7.8
Service........................................ 100.0 75.4 24.6 4.2 1.8 6.7 1.6 10.2
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 100.0 68.3 31.7 5.1 3.0 8.5 4.9 10.2
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing,
and forestry(1)............................. 100.0 67.8 32.2 3.6 3.1 7.9 6.2 11.4
Installation, maintenance, and repair........ 100.0 68.9 31.1 6.5 2.8 9.1 3.7 9.0
Production, transportation, and material moving 100.0 66.7 33.3 5.9 3.5 10.7 3.6 9.6
Production................................... 100.0 66.1 33.9 6.3 4.1 11.0 3.2 9.3
Transportation and material moving........... 100.0 67.3 32.7 5.4 3.0 10.4 4.0 10.0
All workers, goods-producing industries(2)....... 100.0 66.5 33.5 6.5 3.9 9.5 4.7 8.9
Management, professional, and related.......... 100.0 67.2 32.8 8.8 4.2 7.5 5.5 6.8
Sales and office............................... 100.0 69.3 30.7 6.8 2.5 10.0 3.3 8.2
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 100.0 67.3 32.7 3.9 3.3 8.4 6.0 11.1
Production, transportation, and material moving 100.0 64.7 35.3 6.3 4.3 11.8 3.5 9.3
All workers, service-providing industries(3)..... 100.0 71.7 28.3 6.9 2.4 7.7 3.3 8.1
Management, professional, and related.......... 100.0 71.3 28.7 8.4 2.7 6.8 3.9 7.0
Sales and office............................... 100.0 71.8 28.2 6.2 2.1 9.0 2.9 8.0
Service........................................ 100.0 75.6 24.4 4.2 1.8 6.7 1.5 10.3
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 100.0 69.7 30.3 6.6 2.5 8.6 3.5 9.1
Production, transportation, and material moving 100.0 68.7 31.3 5.4 2.8 9.5 3.6 10.0
1 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations were combined with construction and extraction occupational group as of
December 2006.
2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
3 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance;
real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises;
administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and
recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
Table 10. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private
industry workers, by industry group, March 2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insurance ment required
leave pay and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
All workers, goods-producing industries(1)....... $32.91 $21.88 $11.03 $2.13 $1.27 $3.13 $1.56 $2.94
Construction................................... 31.59 21.92 9.67 1.17 .97 2.33 1.70 3.50
Manufacturing.................................. 32.67 21.41 11.26 2.44 1.33 3.40 1.39 2.70
Aircraft manufacturing(2).................... 64.83 39.18 25.65 5.86 3.20 6.16 6.33 4.10
All workers, service-providing industries(3)..... 27.11 19.44 7.68 1.87 .66 2.08 .88 2.18
Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 23.52 16.58 6.94 1.42 .56 2.08 .82 2.06
Wholesale trade.............................. 30.05 21.02 9.03 2.03 1.00 2.55 .98 2.48
Retail trade................................. 17.19 12.91 4.27 .80 .27 1.27 .34 1.59
Transportation and warehousing............... 33.18 21.52 11.66 2.33 .83 3.96 1.60 2.94
Utilities.................................... 55.97 34.28 21.70 4.99 1.97 5.14 5.72 3.87
Information.................................... 42.35 28.93 13.42 3.90 1.08 3.95 1.57 2.92
Financial activities........................... 37.89 25.77 12.12 3.11 1.70 3.14 1.65 2.52
Finance and insurance........................ 40.79 27.35 13.44 3.46 1.96 3.46 1.97 2.59
Credit intermediation and related
activities................................ 35.27 23.74 11.53 3.02 1.42 3.12 1.68 2.29
Insurance carriers and related activities.. 38.88 26.13 12.75 3.29 1.21 3.59 2.07 2.60
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 27.30 19.99 7.31 1.82 .73 1.98 .48 2.29
Professional and business services............. 33.94 24.76 9.18 2.42 .85 2.25 1.02 2.64
Professional and technical services.......... 43.84 31.84 12.00 3.51 1.10 2.93 1.35 3.11
Administrative and waste services............ 21.55 16.34 5.21 1.01 .47 1.26 .41 2.05
Education and health services.................. 30.31 21.69 8.63 2.32 .58 2.38 1.03 2.32
Educational services......................... 39.38 28.93 10.45 2.77 .14 2.96 1.75 2.83
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 46.66 33.49 13.16 3.66 .17 3.74 2.45 3.14
Health care and social assistance............ 28.82 20.49 8.33 2.24 .65 2.28 .91 2.24
Leisure and hospitality........................ 12.21 9.66 2.55 .40 .12 .61 .11 1.31
Accommodation and food services.............. 11.39 9.07 2.32 .33 .11 .53 .10 1.25
Other services................................. 24.58 18.26 6.32 1.49 .54 1.49 .64 2.16
Percent of total compensation
All workers, goods-producing industries(1)....... 100.0 66.5 33.5 6.5 3.9 9.5 4.7 8.9
Construction................................... 100.0 69.4 30.6 3.7 3.1 7.4 5.4 11.1
Manufacturing.................................. 100.0 65.5 34.5 7.5 4.1 10.4 4.3 8.3
Aircraft manufacturing(2).................... 100.0 60.4 39.6 9.0 4.9 9.5 9.8 6.3
All workers, service-providing industries(3)..... 100.0 71.7 28.3 6.9 2.4 7.7 3.3 8.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 100.0 70.5 29.5 6.0 2.4 8.9 3.5 8.8
Wholesale trade.............................. 100.0 70.0 30.0 6.7 3.3 8.5 3.3 8.3
Retail trade................................. 100.0 75.1 24.9 4.6 1.6 7.4 2.0 9.3
Transportation and warehousing............... 100.0 64.9 35.1 7.0 2.5 11.9 4.8 8.9
Utilities.................................... 100.0 61.2 38.8 8.9 3.5 9.2 10.2 6.9
Information.................................... 100.0 68.3 31.7 9.2 2.6 9.3 3.7 6.9
Financial activities........................... 100.0 68.0 32.0 8.2 4.5 8.3 4.4 6.7
Finance and insurance........................ 100.0 67.1 32.9 8.5 4.8 8.5 4.8 6.3
Credit intermediation and related
activities................................ 100.0 67.3 32.7 8.6 4.0 8.8 4.8 6.5
Insurance carriers and related activities.. 100.0 67.2 32.8 8.5 3.1 9.2 5.3 6.7
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 100.0 73.2 26.8 6.7 2.7 7.3 1.8 8.4
Professional and business services............. 100.0 73.0 27.0 7.1 2.5 6.6 3.0 7.8
Professional and technical services.......... 100.0 72.6 27.4 8.0 2.5 6.7 3.1 7.1
Administrative and waste services............ 100.0 75.8 24.2 4.7 2.2 5.9 1.9 9.5
Education and health services.................. 100.0 71.5 28.5 7.6 1.9 7.8 3.4 7.7
Educational services......................... 100.0 73.5 26.5 7.0 .3 7.5 4.5 7.2
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 100.0 71.8 28.2 7.9 .4 8.0 5.2 6.7
Health care and social assistance............ 100.0 71.1 28.9 7.8 2.3 7.9 3.2 7.8
Leisure and hospitality........................ 100.0 79.1 20.9 3.3 1.0 5.0 .9 10.7
Accommodation and food services.............. 100.0 79.6 20.4 2.9 1.0 4.7 .8 11.0
Other services................................. 100.0 74.3 25.7 6.1 2.2 6.1 2.6 8.8
1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
2 Data are available beginning with December 2006.
3 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance;
real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises;
administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and
recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
Table 11. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private
industry workers, by occupational group and full-time and part-time status, March 2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insurance ment required
leave pay and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
All full-time workers in private industry.......... $32.43 $22.48 $9.95 $2.42 $0.95 $2.77 $1.25 $2.55
Management, professional, and related.......... 52.10 36.49 15.62 4.60 1.57 3.70 2.23 3.52
Management, business, and financial.......... 57.84 40.20 17.64 5.29 2.19 3.87 2.49 3.79
Professional and related..................... 48.90 34.41 14.49 4.21 1.22 3.60 2.09 3.37
Sales and office............................... 25.56 17.89 7.66 1.79 .62 2.51 .80 1.94
Sales and related............................ 27.56 20.13 7.42 1.78 .76 2.03 .76 2.09
Office and administrative support............ 24.60 16.82 7.78 1.80 .56 2.74 .82 1.86
Service........................................ 16.94 12.09 4.85 .98 .39 1.56 .35 1.57
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 31.50 21.40 10.09 1.64 .96 2.73 1.60 3.17
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing,
and forestry(1)............................. 31.60 21.35 10.24 1.16 1.00 2.52 2.01 3.56
Installation, maintenance, and repair........ 31.40 21.45 9.94 2.13 .92 2.95 1.18 2.76
Production, transportation, and material moving 25.40 16.78 8.62 1.59 .94 2.75 .96 2.37
Production................................... 25.27 16.57 8.70 1.63 1.05 2.85 .84 2.32
Transportation and material moving........... 25.57 17.05 8.52 1.54 .81 2.62 1.10 2.44
All part-time workers in private industry.......... 15.63 12.27 3.35 .48 .22 .76 .25 1.63
Management, professional, and related.......... 36.68 28.53 8.15 1.83 .76 1.68 .77 3.13
Professional and related..................... 36.60 28.40 8.20 1.85 .71 1.73 .79 3.12
Sales and office............................... 13.44 10.58 2.86 .37 .12 .75 .25 1.37
Sales and related............................ 11.64 9.33 2.31 .24 .09 .55 .15 1.27
Office and administrative support............ 15.85 12.25 3.60 .54 .16 1.02 .39 1.49
Service........................................ 11.00 8.98 2.02 .20 .11 .32 .08 1.30
Production, transportation, and material moving 15.27 10.94 4.33 .39 .32 1.45 .32 1.84
Transportation and material moving........... 15.72 10.99 4.73 .41 .34 1.71 .39 1.88
Percent of total compensation
All full-time workers in private industry.......... 100.0 69.3 30.7 7.4 2.9 8.6 3.9 7.9
Management, professional, and related.......... 100.0 70.0 30.0 8.8 3.0 7.1 4.3 6.8
Management, business, and financial.......... 100.0 69.5 30.5 9.2 3.8 6.7 4.3 6.6
Professional and related..................... 100.0 70.4 29.6 8.6 2.5 7.4 4.3 6.9
Sales and office............................... 100.0 70.0 30.0 7.0 2.4 9.8 3.1 7.6
Sales and related............................ 100.0 73.1 26.9 6.5 2.8 7.3 2.8 7.6
Office and administrative support............ 100.0 68.4 31.6 7.3 2.3 11.1 3.3 7.6
Service........................................ 100.0 71.4 28.6 5.8 2.3 9.2 2.1 9.3
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 100.0 68.0 32.0 5.2 3.0 8.7 5.1 10.1
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing,
and forestry(1)............................. 100.0 67.6 32.4 3.7 3.2 8.0 6.3 11.3
Installation, maintenance, and repair........ 100.0 68.3 31.7 6.8 2.9 9.4 3.8 8.8
Production, transportation, and material moving 100.0 66.1 33.9 6.3 3.7 10.8 3.8 9.3
Production................................... 100.0 65.6 34.4 6.5 4.1 11.3 3.3 9.2
Transportation and material moving........... 100.0 66.7 33.3 6.0 3.2 10.3 4.3 9.6
All part-time workers in private industry.......... 100.0 78.6 21.4 3.1 1.4 4.9 1.6 10.5
Management, professional, and related.......... 100.0 77.8 22.2 5.0 2.1 4.6 2.1 8.5
Professional and related..................... 100.0 77.6 22.4 5.1 2.0 4.7 2.1 8.5
Sales and office............................... 100.0 78.7 21.3 2.7 .9 5.6 1.9 10.2
Sales and related............................ 100.0 80.2 19.8 2.1 .8 4.8 1.3 10.9
Office and administrative support............ 100.0 77.3 22.7 3.4 1.0 6.4 2.5 9.4
Service........................................ 100.0 81.6 18.4 1.8 1.0 2.9 .8 11.8
Production, transportation, and material moving 100.0 71.7 28.3 2.6 2.1 9.5 2.1 12.0
Transportation and material moving........... 100.0 69.9 30.1 2.6 2.2 10.9 2.5 11.9
1 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations were combined with construction and extraction occupational group as of
December 2006.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 12. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation:
Private industry workers, by industry group and full-time and part-time status, March 2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insurance ment required
leave pay and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
All full-time workers in private industry.... $32.43 $22.48 $9.95 $2.42 $0.95 $2.77 $1.25 $2.55
Goods-producing(1)......................... 33.33 22.09 11.25 2.18 1.30 3.21 1.60 2.95
Construction............................. 32.03 22.10 9.92 1.21 1.01 2.42 1.78 3.50
Manufacturing............................ 33.07 21.62 11.46 2.49 1.35 3.47 1.42 2.71
Service-providing(2)....................... 32.17 22.59 9.58 2.48 .86 2.65 1.16 2.43
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 28.44 19.73 8.71 1.94 .75 2.57 1.10 2.35
Information.............................. 45.59 30.96 14.63 4.28 1.19 4.33 1.73 3.09
Financial activities..................... 40.26 27.21 13.05 3.40 1.85 3.37 1.80 2.63
Professional and business services....... 37.98 27.34 10.64 2.95 .97 2.66 1.24 2.82
Education and health services............ 32.15 22.56 9.59 2.69 .62 2.77 1.16 2.35
Leisure and hospitality.................. 16.00 11.97 4.03 .83 .24 1.24 .22 1.50
Other services........................... 28.65 20.42 8.23 2.04 .76 2.12 .93 2.37
All part-time workers in private industry.... 15.63 12.27 3.35 .48 .22 .76 .25 1.63
Service-providing(2)....................... 15.56 12.22 3.34 .48 .22 .77 .26 1.62
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 13.65 10.26 3.39 .37 .17 1.10 .26 1.49
Professional and business services....... 18.03 14.61 3.42 .36 .36 .64 .15 1.91
Education and health services............ 25.20 19.24 5.96 1.28 .47 1.29 .66 2.25
Leisure and hospitality.................. 9.42 7.96 1.46 .08 .04 .14 .03 1.17
Percent of total compensation
All full-time workers in private industry.... 100.0 69.3 30.7 7.4 2.9 8.6 3.9 7.9
Goods-producing(1)......................... 100.0 66.3 33.7 6.5 3.9 9.6 4.8 8.9
Construction............................. 100.0 69.0 31.0 3.8 3.2 7.5 5.5 10.9
Manufacturing............................ 100.0 65.4 34.6 7.5 4.1 10.5 4.3 8.2
Service-providing(2)....................... 100.0 70.2 29.8 7.7 2.7 8.2 3.6 7.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 100.0 69.4 30.6 6.8 2.7 9.0 3.9 8.3
Information.............................. 100.0 67.9 32.1 9.4 2.6 9.5 3.8 6.8
Financial activities..................... 100.0 67.6 32.4 8.4 4.6 8.4 4.5 6.5
Professional and business services....... 100.0 72.0 28.0 7.8 2.6 7.0 3.3 7.4
Education and health services............ 100.0 70.2 29.8 8.4 1.9 8.6 3.6 7.3
Leisure and hospitality.................. 100.0 74.8 25.2 5.2 1.5 7.8 1.4 9.4
Other services........................... 100.0 71.3 28.7 7.1 2.7 7.4 3.3 8.3
All part-time workers in private industry.... 100.0 78.6 21.4 3.1 1.4 4.9 1.6 10.5
Service-providing(2)....................... 100.0 78.5 21.5 3.1 1.4 4.9 1.6 10.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 100.0 75.2 24.8 2.7 1.2 8.1 1.9 10.9
Professional and business services....... 100.0 81.0 19.0 2.0 2.0 3.6 .9 10.6
Education and health services............ 100.0 76.4 23.6 5.1 1.9 5.1 2.6 8.9
Leisure and hospitality.................. 100.0 84.5 15.5 .9 .4 1.5 .4 12.4
1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is
excluded.
2 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and
insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and
enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts,
entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
Table 13. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation:
Private industry workers, by major industry group and establishment employment size and bargaining unit status, March
2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insurance ment required
leave pay and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
All workers, goods-producing industries(1) $32.91 $21.88 $11.03 $2.13 $1.27 $3.13 $1.56 $2.94
1-99 workers............................... 27.64 19.41 8.23 1.30 .83 2.23 1.00 2.87
1-49 workers............................. 26.59 18.90 7.69 1.17 .75 1.98 .92 2.87
50-99 workers............................ 30.11 20.61 9.50 1.62 1.01 2.80 1.20 2.87
100 workers or more........................ 37.33 23.95 13.38 2.81 1.65 3.89 2.03 2.99
100-499 workers.......................... 32.07 21.11 10.96 2.12 1.14 3.46 1.44 2.80
500 workers or more...................... 44.72 27.94 16.78 3.79 2.36 4.50 2.87 3.27
Union...................................... 39.98 23.41 16.56 2.34 1.64 5.29 3.67 3.63
Nonunion................................... 31.28 21.53 9.75 2.07 1.19 2.64 1.07 2.78
All workers, service-providing
industries(2)............................. 27.11 19.44 7.68 1.87 .66 2.08 .88 2.18
1-99 workers............................... 22.46 16.79 5.67 1.31 .46 1.42 .52 1.95
1-49 workers............................. 21.72 16.36 5.36 1.22 .44 1.33 .46 1.91
50-99 workers............................ 24.91 18.21 6.70 1.60 .54 1.75 .71 2.10
100 workers or more........................ 32.80 22.66 10.13 2.56 .91 2.87 1.32 2.47
100-499 workers.......................... 27.85 19.79 8.05 1.96 .64 2.32 .92 2.23
500 workers or more...................... 39.51 26.56 12.95 3.39 1.27 3.63 1.87 2.79
Union...................................... 36.54 22.82 13.72 2.98 .93 4.76 2.13 2.93
Nonunion................................... 26.32 19.15 7.17 1.78 .64 1.85 .78 2.12
Percent of total compensation
All workers, goods-producing industries(1) 100.0 66.5 33.5 6.5 3.9 9.5 4.7 8.9
1-99 workers............................... 100.0 70.2 29.8 4.7 3.0 8.1 3.6 10.4
1-49 workers............................. 100.0 71.1 28.9 4.4 2.8 7.5 3.4 10.8
50-99 workers............................ 100.0 68.5 31.5 5.4 3.3 9.3 4.0 9.5
100 workers or more........................ 100.0 64.2 35.8 7.5 4.4 10.4 5.4 8.0
100-499 workers.......................... 100.0 65.8 34.2 6.6 3.6 10.8 4.5 8.7
500 workers or more...................... 100.0 62.5 37.5 8.5 5.3 10.1 6.4 7.3
Union...................................... 100.0 58.6 41.4 5.9 4.1 13.2 9.2 9.1
Nonunion................................... 100.0 68.8 31.2 6.6 3.8 8.4 3.4 8.9
All workers, service-providing
industries(2)............................. 100.0 71.7 28.3 6.9 2.4 7.7 3.3 8.1
1-99 workers............................... 100.0 74.8 25.2 5.8 2.1 6.3 2.3 8.7
1-49 workers............................. 100.0 75.3 24.7 5.6 2.0 6.1 2.1 8.8
50-99 workers............................ 100.0 73.1 26.9 6.4 2.1 7.0 2.9 8.4
100 workers or more........................ 100.0 69.1 30.9 7.8 2.8 8.8 4.0 7.5
100-499 workers.......................... 100.0 71.1 28.9 7.0 2.3 8.3 3.3 8.0
500 workers or more...................... 100.0 67.2 32.8 8.6 3.2 9.2 4.7 7.1
Union...................................... 100.0 62.4 37.6 8.1 2.5 13.0 5.8 8.0
Nonunion................................... 100.0 72.8 27.2 6.8 2.4 7.0 3.0 8.1
1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is
excluded.
2 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and
insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and
enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts,
entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
Table 14. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation:
Private industry health care and social assistance workers, by industry and occupational group, March 2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insurance ment required
leave pay and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
Health care and social assistance............ $28.82 $20.49 $8.33 $2.24 $0.65 $2.28 $0.91 $2.24
Management, professional, and related.... 42.15 30.05 12.10 3.59 .98 3.02 1.46 3.06
Registered nurses...................... 48.75 33.92 14.83 4.11 1.73 3.57 1.83 3.59
Sales and office......................... 21.91 15.34 6.57 1.55 .38 2.15 .77 1.71
Service.................................. 16.63 11.86 4.77 1.00 .40 1.49 .35 1.52
Hospitals.................................. 37.40 25.24 12.16 3.23 1.18 3.60 1.47 2.69
Management, professional, and related.... 45.81 31.42 14.39 4.08 1.47 3.79 1.79 3.25
Registered nurses...................... 49.08 33.50 15.58 4.29 1.91 3.87 1.97 3.55
Service.................................. 21.24 13.41 7.82 1.52 .76 3.08 .81 1.66
Nursing and residential care facilities.... 20.48 14.95 5.52 1.35 .45 1.57 .29 1.86
Management, professional, and related.... 31.84 23.63 8.21 2.29 .68 2.07 .54 2.64
Service.................................. 15.24 10.96 4.28 .89 .37 1.33 .18 1.50
Nursing care facilities(1)............... 22.07 16.15 5.92 1.48 .53 1.62 .30 1.99
Management, professional, and related.... 34.35 25.78 8.56 2.42 .80 1.99 .50 2.87
Service.................................. 16.09 11.47 4.62 .99 .45 1.42 .20 1.57
Percent of total compensation
Health care and social assistance............ 100.0 71.1 28.9 7.8 2.3 7.9 3.2 7.8
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 71.3 28.7 8.5 2.3 7.2 3.5 7.3
Registered nurses...................... 100.0 69.6 30.4 8.4 3.5 7.3 3.8 7.4
Sales and office......................... 100.0 70.0 30.0 7.1 1.7 9.8 3.5 7.8
Service.................................. 100.0 71.3 28.7 6.0 2.4 9.0 2.1 9.2
Hospitals.................................. 100.0 67.5 32.5 8.6 3.1 9.6 3.9 7.2
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 68.6 31.4 8.9 3.2 8.3 3.9 7.1
Registered nurses...................... 100.0 68.3 31.7 8.8 3.9 7.9 4.0 7.2
Service.................................. 100.0 63.2 36.8 7.2 3.6 14.5 3.8 7.8
Nursing and residential care facilities.... 100.0 73.0 27.0 6.6 2.2 7.7 1.4 9.1
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 74.2 25.8 7.2 2.1 6.5 1.7 8.3
Service.................................. 100.0 71.9 28.1 5.9 2.4 8.7 1.2 9.9
Nursing care facilities(1)............... 100.0 73.2 26.8 6.7 2.4 7.3 1.4 9.0
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 75.1 24.9 7.0 2.3 5.8 1.4 8.3
Service.................................. 100.0 71.3 28.7 6.1 2.8 8.8 1.2 9.8
1 Data are available beginning with December 2006.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 15. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total
compensation: Private industry workers, by census region and selected metropolitan area, March 2011
Total Wages and Total benefits
compensation salaries
Census region and metropolitan area
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Northeast
Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-NH CSA......... $37.33 100.0 $26.13 70.0 $11.20 30.0
New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA CSA.... 36.12 100.0 24.84 68.8 11.28 31.2
Philadelphia-Camden-Vineland, PA-NJ-DE-MD CSA.. 30.49 100.0 21.07 69.1 9.42 30.9
South
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Gainesville, GA-AL CSA... 27.38 100.0 19.63 71.7 7.75 28.3
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX CSA...................... 28.36 100.0 20.23 71.3 8.13 28.7
Houston-Baytown-Huntsville, TX CSA............. 31.69 100.0 22.56 71.2 9.13 28.8
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL MSA.... 23.29 100.0 17.04 73.2 6.25 26.8
Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia,
DC-MD-VA-WV CSA............................... 33.81 100.0 24.51 72.5 9.30 27.5
Midwest
Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City, IL-IN-WI CSA 33.06 100.0 22.68 68.6 10.38 31.4
Detroit-Warren-Flint, MI CSA................... 32.52 100.0 22.15 68.1 10.36 31.9
Minneapolis-St. Paul-St. Cloud, MN-WI CSA...... 33.05 100.0 23.74 71.8 9.30 28.2
West
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA....... 27.91 100.0 20.08 72.0 7.82 28.0
Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ MSA................ 29.85 100.0 22.00 73.7 7.85 26.3
San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA......... 41.42 100.0 28.82 69.6 12.60 30.4
Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA CSA................. 34.33 100.0 23.61 68.8 10.72 31.2
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
United States Department of Labor
