Employer Costs for Employee Compensation News Release

Employer Costs for Employee Compensation News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Thursday, June 17, 2021 USDL-21-1094

Technical information: (202) 691-6199 * ncsinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/ect
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 * pressoffice@bls.gov

EMPLOYER COSTS FOR EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION - MARCH 2021

Employer costs for employee compensation for civilian workers averaged $39.01 per hour worked in
March 2021, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Wages and salaries cost employers
$26.84 while benefit costs were $12.18. Total compensation costs for civilian workers were $14.10
at the 10th wage percentile, $29.36 at the 50th (median) wage percentile, and $75.88 at the 90th
wage percentile. (See tables A and 1.)

State and local government worker compensation costs for employers averaged $53.68 per hour worked
in March 2021. Wages and salaries averaged $33.20 and accounted for 61.9 percent of employer costs,
while benefit costs averaged $20.47 and accounted for 38.1 percent. Total compensation costs for
state and local government workers at the 50th (median) wage percentile were $50.21. (See tables A
and 1.)

Total employer compensation costs for private industry workers averaged $36.64 per hour worked.
Wages and salaries averaged $25.80 per hour worked and accounted for 70.4 percent of employer
costs. Benefit costs averaged $10.83 per hour worked and accounted for the remaining 29.6 percent.
Median (50th wage percentile) employer costs per employee hour worked were $26.88 for total
compensation, $18.91 for wages and salaries, and $7.97 for benefits. (See tables A and 1.)

Total compensation costs for private industry workers ranged from $13.46 per hour worked at the
10th wage percentile to $71.99 at the 90th wage percentile. Wages and salaries were $10.94 per hour
worked at the 10th wage percentile and $48.92 at the 90th wage percentile. Total benefit costs
ranged from $2.52 per hour worked at the 10th wage percentile to $23.07 at the 90th wage
percentile. (See table A.)

For more information on average compensation costs within specified wage percentiles,
see www.bls.gov/ect/compensation-percentile-estimates.htm.

Table A. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation by wage percentiles [Mar. 2021]
Compensation component	Civilian workers(1)			Private industry workers			State and local government workers
Compensation component	10th wage percentile	50th (median) wage percentile	90th wage percentile	10th wage percentile	50th (median) wage percentile	90th wage percentile	10th wage percentile	50th (median) wage percentile	90th wage percentile
Total compensation(2)	14.10	29.36	75.88	13.46	26.88	71.99	22.69	50.21	91.14
Wages and salaries	11.26	19.90	50.67	10.94	18.91	48.92	14.13	29.70	57.17
Total benefits	2.85	9.46	25.21	2.52	7.97	23.07	8.56	20.51	33.97
Paid leave	0.43	1.97	6.15	0.35	1.68	6.17	1.37	4.46	6.70
Supplemental pay	0.19	0.88	2.06	0.16	0.89	2.55	0.25	0.71	0.82
Insurance	0.79	3.22	6.53	0.68	2.55	5.60	3.45	6.28	9.06
Health insurance	0.77	3.11	6.18	0.66	2.45	5.22	3.40	6.11	8.80
Retirement and savings	0.15	1.05	5.56	0.06	0.59	3.73	1.76	6.15	13.12
Legally required benefits	1.30	2.33	4.91	1.26	2.26	5.02	1.74	2.91	4.27
Footnotes (1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. (2) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.

Metropolitan area private industry compensation costs are published each March reference period for
the 15 largest Consolidated Statistical Areas (CSA) and Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA). Total
compensation costs in March 2021 for private industry workers ranged from $31.34 per hour worked in
the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Port St. Lucie, FL CSA to $55.47 per hour worked in the San Jose-San 
Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA. (See table 8.)
 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                                                    |
|                   Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on March 2021 ECEC Data                   |
| The Employer Costs for Employee Compensation (ECEC) reference date was March 12, 2021. Response    |
| rates for March were comparable with prior releases, and no changes in estimation procedures were  |
| necessary. Additional information is available at www.bls.gov/covid19/home.htm.                    |
|____________________________________________________________________________________________________|

					TECHNICAL NOTE

Employer Costs for Employee Compensation (ECEC), a product of the National Compensation Survey,
provides the average employer cost for wages and salaries as well as benefits per employee hour
worked. The ECEC covers the civilian economy, which includes data from both private industry and
state and local government. Excluded from private industry are the self-employed, agricultural
workers, and private household workers. Federal government workers are excluded from the public
sector.

Total benefit costs consist of five major categories and include 18 benefit costs:
* Paid leave - vacation, holiday, sick, and personal leave; 
* Supplemental pay - overtime and premium, shift differentials, and nonproduction bonuses; 
* Insurance - life, health, short-term and long-term disability; 
* Retirement and savings - defined benefit and defined contribution; and 
* Legally required benefits - Social Security (refers to Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability
  Insurance (OASDI) program), Medicare, federal and state unemployment insurance, and Workers� 
  Compensation.

All workers are included in the benefit cost estimates including those that do not have plan access
or do not participate. Costs are also affected by other factors such as cost sharing between
employers and employees, plan features, and plan generosity. For the latest information on the
percentage of workers with access to and participating in employer-sponsored benefit plans,
including health care and retirement and savings plans, see www.bls.gov/ebs.

The �National Compensation Measures� provides additional details on the sample design, calculation
methodology, and resources explaining changes over time. (See www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm.)
Additional ECEC estimates, including historical data, are available in the ECEC database query tool
at www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/data.htm.

Sample size
Data for this reference period were collected from a probability sample of approximately 24,300
occupational observations selected from a sample of about 6,000 private industry establishments and
approximately 7,700 occupational observations selected from a sample of about 1,400 state and local
government establishments that provided data at the initial interview.

Measures of reliability
Relative standard errors (RSEs) provide users a tool to ascertain the quality of an estimate to
ensure that it is within an acceptable range for their intended purpose. RSEs are available at
www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/ecec-rse.htm and database query tool at www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/data.htm.

Comparisons
Compensation cost levels in state and local government should not be directly compared with 
levels in private industry. Differences between these sectors stem from factors such as variation
in work activities and occupational structures.

Area definitions
Metropolitan area definitions are based on the Office of Management and Budget Bulletin
No. 13-01, dated February 28, 2013. For more information see 
www.census.gov/programs-surveys/metro-micro.html. 

Publication focus
Topics of news releases for the upcoming reference periods are as follows:
* June 2021 - Health benefit costs in private industry
* September 2021 - Compensation costs in state and local government
* December 2021 - Supplemental pay costs in private industry

For 2021 ECEC release dates, see www.bls.gov/schedule/news_release/ecec.htm.

Table 1. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation by ownership [Mar. 2021]
Compensation component	Civilian workers(1)		Private industry workers		State and local government workers
Compensation component	Cost ($)	Percent of compensation	Cost ($)	Percent of compensation	Cost ($)	Percent of compensation
Total compensation(2)	39.01	100.0	36.64	100.0	53.68	100.0
Wages and salaries	26.84	68.8	25.80	70.4	33.20	61.9
Total benefits	12.18	31.2	10.83	29.6	20.47	38.1
Paid leave	2.90	7.4	2.72	7.4	4.02	7.5
Vacation	1.41	3.6	1.39	3.8	1.51	2.8
Holiday	0.85	2.2	0.81	2.2	1.13	2.1
Sick	0.47	1.2	0.37	1.0	1.03	1.9
Personal	0.17	0.4	0.15	0.4	0.36	0.7
Supplemental pay	1.17	3.0	1.27	3.5	0.53	1.0
Overtime and premium(3)	0.32	0.8	0.33	0.9	0.23	0.4
Shift differentials	0.07	0.2	0.08	0.2	0.05	0.1
Nonproduction bonuses	0.78	2.0	0.86	2.4	0.24	0.5
Insurance	3.31	8.5	2.83	7.7	6.27	11.7
Life	0.05	0.1	0.04	0.1	0.07	0.1
Health	3.15	8.1	2.67	7.3	6.12	11.4
Short-term disability	0.07	0.2	0.08	0.2	0.03	0.1
Long-term disability	0.05	0.1	0.04	0.1	0.05	0.1
Retirement and savings	2.01	5.2	1.25	3.4	6.72	12.5
Defined benefit	1.23	3.2	0.42	1.1	6.26	11.7
Defined contribution	0.78	2.0	0.83	2.3	0.46	0.9
Legally Required benefits	2.79	7.1	2.77	7.6	2.93	5.5
Social Security and Medicare	2.19	5.6	2.17	5.9	2.30	4.3
Social Security(4)	1.74	4.5	1.74	4.8	1.75	3.3
Medicare	0.45	1.1	0.43	1.2	0.55	1.0
Federal unemployment insurance	0.02	0.1	0.03	0.1	(5)-	(6)-
State unemployment insurance	0.12	0.3	0.13	0.4	0.06	0.1
Workers' compensation	0.46	1.2	0.44	1.2	0.57	1.1
Footnotes (1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. (2) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (3) Includes premium pay for work (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays) in addition to the regular work schedule. (4) Social Security refers to the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program. (5) Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less. (6) Less than .05 percent.

Table 2. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for civilian workers by occupational and industry group [Mar. 2021]
Series	Total compensation(1)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Series	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent
Civilian workers(2)	39.01	100.0	26.84	68.8	12.18	31.2	2.90	7.4	1.17	3.0	3.31	8.5	2.01	5.2	2.79	7.1
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	62.80	100.0	42.76	68.1	20.04	31.9	5.50	8.8	1.84	2.9	5.06	8.1	3.76	6.0	3.88	6.2
Management, business and financial	73.12	100.0	49.96	68.3	23.16	31.7	7.13	9.8	3.02	4.1	5.03	6.9	3.49	4.8	4.48	6.1
Professional and related	58.19	100.0	39.54	67.9	18.65	32.1	4.77	8.2	1.32	2.3	5.07	8.7	3.88	6.7	3.61	6.2
Teachers(3)	65.24	100.0	44.26	67.8	20.98	32.2	3.41	5.2	0.25	0.4	6.41	9.8	7.55	11.6	3.36	5.1
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers	64.13	100.0	42.47	66.2	21.65	33.8	2.96	4.6	0.21	0.3	7.02	10.9	8.41	13.1	3.04	4.7
Registered nurses	59.86	100.0	38.97	65.1	20.89	34.9	6.14	10.3	2.25	3.8	5.47	9.1	3.04	5.1	3.99	6.7
Sales and office	28.99	100.0	20.51	70.8	8.48	29.2	1.95	6.7	0.78	2.7	2.66	9.2	1.02	3.5	2.08	7.2
Sales and related	28.53	100.0	21.79	76.4	6.74	23.6	1.60	5.6	0.85	3.0	1.56	5.5	0.61	2.1	2.11	7.4
Office and administrative support	29.29	100.0	19.69	67.2	9.60	32.8	2.17	7.4	0.73	2.5	3.36	11.5	1.28	4.4	2.07	7.1
Service	20.94	100.0	15.04	71.8	5.90	28.2	1.11	5.3	0.45	2.1	1.63	7.8	0.94	4.5	1.78	8.5
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	39.13	100.0	26.30	67.2	12.83	32.8	2.22	5.7	1.39	3.6	3.36	8.6	2.31	5.9	3.55	9.1
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry	40.05	100.0	26.59	66.4	13.46	33.6	1.83	4.6	1.46	3.6	3.45	8.6	2.86	7.2	3.86	9.6
Installation, maintenance, and repair	38.14	100.0	25.99	68.2	12.14	31.8	2.64	6.9	1.33	3.5	3.26	8.5	1.71	4.5	3.21	8.4
Production, transportation, and material moving	30.72	100.0	20.50	66.7	10.22	33.3	1.89	6.2	1.30	4.2	3.11	10.1	1.24	4.1	2.67	8.7
Production	29.24	100.0	19.54	66.8	9.71	33.2	1.81	6.2	1.43	4.9	3.13	10.7	0.91	3.1	2.44	8.3
Transportation and material moving	32.03	100.0	21.36	66.7	10.67	33.3	1.96	6.1	1.19	3.7	3.09	9.7	1.55	4.8	2.89	9.0
Industry group
Education and health services	43.91	100.0	29.73	67.7	14.17	32.3	3.39	7.7	0.68	1.5	4.26	9.7	3.09	7.0	2.75	6.3
Educational services	55.67	100.0	36.76	66.0	18.92	34.0	3.58	6.4	0.28	0.5	5.96	10.7	6.14	11.0	2.96	5.3
Elementary and secondary schools	54.45	100.0	35.52	65.2	18.94	34.8	2.85	5.2	0.22	0.4	6.28	11.5	6.85	12.6	2.73	5.0
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities	61.81	100.0	40.89	66.2	20.92	33.8	5.38	8.7	0.38	0.6	6.02	9.7	5.67	9.2	3.47	5.6
Health care and social assistance	37.04	100.0	25.63	69.2	11.41	30.8	3.28	8.8	0.91	2.5	3.27	8.8	1.32	3.6	2.63	7.1
Hospitals	52.01	100.0	33.76	64.9	18.25	35.1	5.13	9.9	1.84	3.5	5.31	10.2	2.64	5.1	3.34	6.4
Footnotes (1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (2) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. (3) Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and instructors.

Table 3. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for state and local government workers by occupational and industry group [Mar. 2021]
Series	Total compensation(1)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Series	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent
State and local government workers	53.68	100.0	33.20	61.9	20.47	38.1	4.02	7.5	0.53	1.0	6.27	11.7	6.72	12.5	2.93	5.5
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	64.22	100.0	41.11	64.0	23.12	36.0	4.52	7.0	0.41	0.6	6.86	10.7	8.05	12.5	3.29	5.1
Professional and related	62.41	100.0	40.25	64.5	22.16	35.5	4.01	6.4	0.39	0.6	6.82	10.9	7.76	12.4	3.18	5.1
Teachers(2)	70.67	100.0	46.84	66.3	23.83	33.7	3.49	4.9	0.27	0.4	7.36	10.4	9.35	13.2	3.36	4.8
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers	70.38	100.0	46.03	65.4	24.35	34.6	3.15	4.5	0.24	0.3	7.88	11.2	9.90	14.1	3.18	4.5
Sales and office	37.33	100.0	21.38	57.3	15.94	42.7	3.29	8.8	0.33	0.9	5.89	15.8	4.23	11.3	2.20	5.9
Office and administrative support	37.49	100.0	21.43	57.2	16.06	42.8	3.30	8.8	0.34	0.9	5.96	15.9	4.26	11.4	2.20	5.9
Service	39.49	100.0	22.47	56.9	17.02	43.1	3.34	8.5	0.86	2.2	4.98	12.6	5.42	13.7	2.43	6.2
Industry group
Education and health services	55.94	100.0	35.87	64.1	20.07	35.9	3.66	6.5	0.36	0.6	6.40	11.4	6.80	12.2	2.85	5.1
Educational services	57.42	100.0	37.05	64.5	20.37	35.5	3.49	6.1	0.26	0.5	6.52	11.4	7.25	12.6	2.85	5.0
Elementary and secondary schools	55.85	100.0	36.07	64.6	19.78	35.4	2.88	5.1	0.23	0.4	6.60	11.8	7.37	13.2	2.71	4.8
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities	61.90	100.0	39.83	64.4	22.07	35.6	5.30	8.6	0.34	0.6	6.28	10.1	6.88	11.1	3.26	5.3
Health care and social assistance	47.32	100.0	29.02	61.3	18.30	38.7	4.61	9.7	0.92	1.9	5.70	12.0	4.20	8.9	2.87	6.1
Hospitals	49.96	100.0	31.24	62.5	18.72	37.5	4.88	9.8	1.06	2.1	5.66	11.3	4.11	8.2	3.01	6.0
Public administration	51.73	100.0	29.67	57.4	22.06	42.6	4.88	9.4	0.81	1.6	6.24	12.1	7.03	13.6	3.10	6.0
Footnotes (1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (2) Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and instructors.

Table 4. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by occupational and industry group [Mar. 2021]
Series	Total compensation(1)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Series	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent
Private industry workers	36.64	100.0	25.80	70.4	10.83	29.6	2.72	7.4	1.27	3.5	2.83	7.7	1.25	3.4	2.77	7.6
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	62.32	100.0	43.31	69.5	19.02	30.5	5.83	9.4	2.33	3.7	4.45	7.1	2.33	3.7	4.08	6.5
Management, business, and financial	72.88	100.0	50.46	69.2	22.42	30.8	7.09	9.7	3.35	4.6	4.76	6.5	2.67	3.7	4.55	6.2
Professional and related	56.29	100.0	39.22	69.7	17.07	30.3	5.11	9.1	1.74	3.1	4.28	7.6	2.13	3.8	3.81	6.8
Sales and office	28.25	100.0	20.44	72.3	7.81	27.7	1.83	6.5	0.81	2.9	2.37	8.4	0.73	2.6	2.07	7.3
Sales and related	28.51	100.0	21.80	76.5	6.71	23.5	1.60	5.6	0.85	3.0	1.55	5.4	0.59	2.1	2.11	7.4
Office and administrative support	28.06	100.0	19.43	69.2	8.63	30.8	2.00	7.1	0.79	2.8	2.97	10.6	0.83	3.0	2.05	7.3
Service	18.15	100.0	13.93	76.7	4.23	23.3	0.77	4.2	0.38	2.1	1.12	6.2	0.27	1.5	1.68	9.2
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	38.58	100.0	26.25	68.0	12.33	32.0	2.07	5.4	1.44	3.7	3.14	8.1	2.10	5.4	3.59	9.3
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry	39.61	100.0	26.59	67.1	13.01	32.9	1.65	4.2	1.52	3.8	3.22	8.1	2.69	6.8	3.93	9.9
Installation, maintenance, and repair	37.47	100.0	25.87	69.0	11.60	31.0	2.52	6.7	1.35	3.6	3.05	8.2	1.45	3.9	3.23	8.6
Production, transportation, and material moving	30.26	100.0	20.36	67.3	9.90	32.7	1.84	6.1	1.32	4.4	2.98	9.9	1.09	3.6	2.66	8.8
Production	28.94	100.0	19.40	67.0	9.54	33.0	1.78	6.1	1.43	4.9	3.07	10.6	0.83	2.9	2.43	8.4
Transportation and material moving	31.49	100.0	21.25	67.5	10.24	32.5	1.91	6.1	1.21	3.9	2.90	9.2	1.33	4.2	2.88	9.2
Industry group
Goods-producing(2)	40.59	100.0	27.43	67.6	13.16	32.4	2.64	6.5	1.77	4.4	3.62	8.9	1.79	4.4	3.34	8.2
Construction	40.85	100.0	28.48	69.7	12.37	30.3	1.87	4.6	1.47	3.6	3.08	7.5	2.08	5.1	3.87	9.5
Manufacturing	40.38	100.0	26.82	66.4	13.56	33.6	3.06	7.6	1.90	4.7	3.92	9.7	1.64	4.1	3.03	7.5
Aircraft manufacturing	77.20	100.0	47.99	62.2	29.21	37.8	7.36	9.5	4.30	5.6	7.42	9.6	5.25	6.8	4.89	6.3
Service-providing(3)	35.83	100.0	25.47	71.1	10.36	28.9	2.74	7.6	1.17	3.3	2.67	7.4	1.14	3.2	2.65	7.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	31.03	100.0	22.02	70.9	9.02	29.1	2.05	6.6	0.96	3.1	2.40	7.7	1.13	3.6	2.48	8.0
Wholesale trade	42.26	100.0	29.87	70.7	12.39	29.3	3.27	7.7	1.58	3.7	3.06	7.3	1.36	3.2	3.11	7.4
Retail trade	21.95	100.0	16.69	76.0	5.26	24.0	1.11	5.0	0.55	2.5	1.35	6.1	0.42	1.9	1.83	8.3
Transportation and warehousing	40.01	100.0	26.42	66.0	13.59	34.0	2.91	7.3	1.30	3.2	3.99	10.0	2.12	5.3	3.27	8.2
Utilities	68.44	100.0	42.20	61.7	26.25	38.3	6.06	8.9	2.25	3.3	6.44	9.4	6.68	9.8	4.81	7.0
Information	57.53	100.0	38.16	66.3	19.36	33.7	5.37	9.3	2.86	5.0	4.95	8.6	2.44	4.2	3.75	6.5
Financial activities	52.58	100.0	35.42	67.4	17.15	32.6	4.60	8.8	3.08	5.9	4.45	8.5	1.77	3.4	3.26	6.2
Financial and insurance	58.76	100.0	39.21	66.7	19.54	33.3	5.28	9.0	3.74	6.4	4.92	8.4	2.12	3.6	3.48	5.9
Credit intermediation and related activities	51.29	100.0	34.02	66.3	17.27	33.7	4.76	9.3	2.87	5.6	4.73	9.2	1.77	3.4	3.15	6.2
Insurance carriers and related activities	52.19	100.0	34.53	66.2	17.66	33.8	4.66	8.9	2.85	5.5	4.77	9.1	2.09	4.0	3.30	6.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	32.38	100.0	23.03	71.1	9.35	28.9	2.39	7.4	0.91	2.8	2.89	8.9	0.61	1.9	2.55	7.9
Professional and business services	44.96	100.0	32.29	71.8	12.68	28.2	3.67	8.2	1.60	3.5	2.90	6.5	1.29	2.9	3.22	7.2
Professional and technical services	59.05	100.0	42.10	71.3	16.95	28.7	5.29	9.0	2.03	3.4	3.85	6.5	1.82	3.1	3.97	6.7
Administrative and waste services	24.13	100.0	18.39	76.2	5.74	23.8	1.18	4.9	0.64	2.7	1.40	5.8	0.34	1.4	2.17	9.0
Education and health services	37.82	100.0	26.63	70.4	11.19	29.6	3.25	8.6	0.84	2.2	3.18	8.4	1.22	3.2	2.70	7.1
Educational services	49.57	100.0	35.75	72.1	13.82	27.9	3.87	7.8	0.33	0.7	4.00	8.1	2.26	4.6	3.35	6.8
Junior colleges, colleges, universities and professional schools	61.64	100.0	42.96	69.7	18.68	30.3	5.52	9.0	0.45	0.7	5.53	9.0	3.31	5.4	3.87	6.3
Health care and social assistance	36.17	100.0	25.35	70.1	10.82	29.9	3.16	8.7	0.91	2.5	3.07	8.5	1.07	3.0	2.61	7.2
Leisure and hospitality	15.97	100.0	12.88	80.6	3.10	19.4	0.47	2.9	0.22	1.4	0.68	4.3	0.16	1.0	1.57	9.8
Accommodation and food services	15.27	100.0	12.32	80.7	2.95	19.3	0.40	2.6	0.22	1.4	0.66	4.3	0.15	1.0	1.52	9.9
Other services	29.72	100.0	22.10	74.4	7.62	25.6	1.87	6.3	0.49	1.7	1.79	6.0	1.06	3.6	2.41	8.1
Footnotes (1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded. (3) Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

Table 5. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by bargaining and work status [Mar. 2021]
Series	Total compensation(1)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Series	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent
Union
All workers	50.73	100.0	30.24	59.6	20.49	40.4	3.63	7.1	1.88	3.7	6.91	13.6	4.32	8.5	3.75	7.4
Goods-producing(2)	53.13	100.0	30.51	57.4	22.61	42.6	2.92	5.5	2.49	4.7	7.51	14.1	5.46	10.3	4.24	8.0
Service-providing(3)	49.63	100.0	30.11	60.7	19.52	39.3	3.95	8.0	1.60	3.2	6.64	13.4	3.79	7.6	3.53	7.1
Nonunion
All workers	35.46	100.0	25.43	71.7	10.03	28.3	2.65	7.5	1.22	3.4	2.49	7.0	0.99	2.8	2.68	7.6
Goods-producing(2)	38.50	100.0	26.91	69.9	11.59	30.1	2.59	6.7	1.65	4.3	2.98	7.7	1.18	3.1	3.19	8.3
Service-providing(3)	34.90	100.0	25.16	72.1	9.74	27.9	2.66	7.6	1.14	3.3	2.40	6.9	0.96	2.7	2.59	7.4
Full-time
All workers	42.52	100.0	29.37	69.1	13.15	30.9	3.40	8.0	1.59	3.7	3.52	8.3	1.56	3.7	3.08	7.2
Occupational group
Management, professional and related	64.81	100.0	44.71	69.0	20.10	31.0	6.18	9.5	2.50	3.9	4.77	7.4	2.48	3.8	4.17	6.4
Management, business, and financial	73.52	100.0	50.82	69.1	22.70	30.9	7.19	9.8	3.41	4.6	4.82	6.6	2.71	3.7	4.58	6.2
Professional and related	59.03	100.0	40.66	68.9	18.37	31.1	5.51	9.3	1.90	3.2	4.73	8.0	2.33	3.9	3.90	6.6
Sales and office	33.02	100.0	23.31	70.6	9.71	29.4	2.39	7.2	1.05	3.2	3.03	9.2	0.94	2.8	2.30	7.0
Sales and related	38.82	100.0	28.90	74.4	9.92	25.6	2.60	6.7	1.33	3.4	2.42	6.2	0.94	2.4	2.64	6.8
Office and administrative support	30.02	100.0	20.42	68.0	9.60	32.0	2.29	7.6	0.90	3.0	3.34	11.1	0.94	3.1	2.13	7.1
Service	21.96	100.0	15.91	72.4	6.05	27.6	1.26	5.7	0.60	2.8	1.91	8.7	0.44	2.0	1.84	8.4
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	39.24	100.0	26.59	67.8	12.65	32.2	2.14	5.4	1.48	3.8	3.26	8.3	2.14	5.5	3.63	9.3
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry	39.99	100.0	26.81	67.0	13.18	33.0	1.69	4.2	1.54	3.9	3.30	8.3	2.69	6.7	3.96	9.9
Installation, maintenance, and repair	38.41	100.0	26.35	68.6	12.07	31.4	2.63	6.8	1.41	3.7	3.22	8.4	1.54	4.0	3.27	8.5
Production, transportation, and material moving	32.25	100.0	21.39	66.3	10.86	33.7	2.10	6.5	1.47	4.6	3.34	10.4	1.21	3.8	2.73	8.5
Production	30.02	100.0	19.92	66.4	10.10	33.6	1.89	6.3	1.53	5.1	3.30	11.0	0.89	3.0	2.48	8.3
Transportation and material moving	34.81	100.0	23.08	66.3	11.73	33.7	2.35	6.7	1.40	4.0	3.39	9.7	1.58	4.5	3.02	8.7
Industry group
Goods-producing(2)	41.08	100.0	27.69	67.4	13.39	32.6	2.70	6.6	1.80	4.4	3.71	9.0	1.82	4.4	3.36	8.2
Construction	41.38	100.0	28.76	69.5	12.63	30.5	1.92	4.6	1.50	3.6	3.17	7.7	2.14	5.2	3.90	9.4
Manufacturing	40.84	100.0	27.08	66.3	13.76	33.7	3.13	7.7	1.93	4.7	4.01	9.8	1.64	4.0	3.05	7.5
Service-providing(3)	42.93	100.0	29.84	69.5	13.09	30.5	3.60	8.4	1.53	3.6	3.47	8.1	1.49	3.5	3.00	7.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	37.78	100.0	26.15	69.2	11.63	30.8	2.83	7.5	1.28	3.4	3.13	8.3	1.51	4.0	2.87	7.6
Information	62.80	100.0	41.41	65.9	21.39	34.1	5.89	9.4	3.23	5.1	5.50	8.8	2.73	4.4	4.03	6.4
Financial activities	54.69	100.0	36.68	67.1	18.01	32.9	4.86	8.9	3.26	6.0	4.67	8.5	1.87	3.4	3.35	6.1
Professional and business services	49.43	100.0	35.15	71.1	14.28	28.9	4.22	8.5	1.81	3.7	3.33	6.7	1.50	3.0	3.42	6.9
Education and health services	40.81	100.0	28.14	69.0	12.67	31.0	3.74	9.2	0.91	2.2	3.81	9.3	1.42	3.5	2.79	6.8
Leisure and hospitality	21.81	100.0	16.55	75.9	5.25	24.1	1.09	5.0	0.46	2.1	1.46	6.7	0.36	1.6	1.88	8.6
Other services	34.65	100.0	24.90	71.8	9.76	28.2	2.54	7.3	0.63	1.8	2.47	7.1	1.48	4.3	2.64	7.6
Part-time
All workers	19.27	100.0	15.29	79.3	3.99	20.7	0.71	3.7	0.33	1.7	0.78	4.1	0.32	1.7	1.84	9.6
Occupational group
Management, professional and related	41.22	100.0	31.40	76.2	9.82	23.8	2.88	7.0	0.84	2.0	1.78	4.3	1.04	2.5	3.28	8.0
Professional and related	41.25	100.0	31.33	75.9	9.92	24.1	2.94	7.1	0.84	2.0	1.79	4.3	1.07	2.6	3.28	8.0
Sales and office	17.18	100.0	13.76	80.1	3.41	19.9	0.52	3.0	0.27	1.6	0.83	4.8	0.25	1.4	1.54	9.0
Sales and related	15.40	100.0	12.78	82.9	2.63	17.1	0.33	2.1	0.25	1.6	0.45	2.9	0.16	1.0	1.44	9.4
Office and administrative support	20.09	100.0	15.38	76.6	4.71	23.4	0.84	4.2	0.31	1.6	1.46	7.2	0.40	2.0	1.70	8.5
Service	14.65	100.0	12.10	82.6	2.54	17.4	0.32	2.2	0.18	1.2	0.40	2.7	0.11	0.8	1.53	10.4
Production, transportation, and material moving	20.58	100.0	15.33	74.5	5.25	25.5	0.57	2.8	0.58	2.8	1.25	6.1	0.50	2.4	2.34	11.4
Transportation and material moving	21.74	100.0	15.89	73.1	5.85	26.9	0.62	2.8	0.66	3.0	1.46	6.7	0.62	2.9	2.48	11.4
Industry group
Service-providing(3)	19.15	100.0	15.21	79.4	3.95	20.6	0.71	3.7	0.33	1.7	0.78	4.1	0.31	1.6	1.82	9.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	17.99	100.0	14.03	78.0	3.96	22.0	0.52	2.9	0.34	1.9	0.99	5.5	0.40	2.2	1.72	9.6
Professional and business services	20.76	100.0	16.80	80.9	3.96	19.1	0.69	3.3	0.42	2.0	0.58	2.8	0.13	0.6	2.14	10.3
Education and health services	29.12	100.0	22.23	76.3	6.89	23.7	1.84	6.3	0.62	2.1	1.35	4.6	0.65	2.2	2.43	8.3
Leisure and hospitality	13.06	100.0	11.04	84.6	2.02	15.4	0.15	1.2	0.09	0.7	0.29	2.2	0.06	0.5	1.41	10.8
Footnotes (1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded. (3) Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

Table 6. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by establishment size and industry group [Mar. 2021]
Series	Total compensation(1)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Series	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent
All workers
1-99 workers	30.30	100.0	22.45	74.1	7.85	25.9	1.90	6.3	0.75	2.5	1.97	6.5	0.75	2.5	2.48	8.2
1-49 workers	29.26	100.0	21.94	75.0	7.33	25.0	1.78	6.1	0.70	2.4	1.78	6.1	0.65	2.2	2.43	8.3
50-99 workers	34.20	100.0	24.37	71.3	9.83	28.7	2.38	7.0	0.98	2.9	2.69	7.9	1.12	3.3	2.66	7.8
100 workers or more	44.90	100.0	30.18	67.2	14.72	32.8	3.79	8.4	1.94	4.3	3.95	8.8	1.90	4.2	3.14	7.0
100-499 workers	37.68	100.0	26.23	69.6	11.45	30.4	2.89	7.7	1.33	3.5	3.15	8.4	1.27	3.4	2.81	7.5
500 workers or more	54.43	100.0	35.40	65.0	19.04	35.0	4.97	9.1	2.75	5.1	5.01	9.2	2.72	5.0	3.58	6.6
Goods-producing(2)
1-99 workers	34.95	100.0	24.79	70.9	10.16	29.1	1.80	5.1	1.22	3.5	2.62	7.5	1.32	3.8	3.19	9.1
1-49 workers	33.04	100.0	23.82	72.1	9.21	27.9	1.62	4.9	1.06	3.2	2.28	6.9	1.10	3.3	3.15	9.5
50-99 workers	40.15	100.0	27.43	68.3	12.72	31.7	2.28	5.7	1.66	4.1	3.57	8.9	1.92	4.8	3.30	8.2
100 workers or more	45.93	100.0	29.92	65.1	16.01	34.9	3.44	7.5	2.29	5.0	4.57	10.0	2.24	4.9	3.48	7.6
100-499 workers	42.05	100.0	27.87	66.3	14.18	33.7	2.89	6.9	1.92	4.6	4.10	9.7	1.90	4.5	3.37	8.0
500 workers or more	51.89	100.0	33.07	63.7	18.81	36.3	4.27	8.2	2.84	5.5	5.30	10.2	2.76	5.3	3.64	7.0
Service-providing(3)
1-99 workers	29.51	100.0	22.05	74.7	7.46	25.3	1.92	6.5	0.68	2.3	1.86	6.3	0.65	2.2	2.35	8.0
1-49 workers	28.68	100.0	21.64	75.5	7.03	24.5	1.80	6.3	0.64	2.2	1.70	5.9	0.58	2.0	2.31	8.1
50-99 workers	32.84	100.0	23.67	72.1	9.17	27.9	2.40	7.3	0.82	2.5	2.49	7.6	0.94	2.9	2.52	7.7
100 workers or more	44.64	100.0	30.24	67.7	14.40	32.3	3.87	8.7	1.86	4.2	3.80	8.5	1.81	4.1	3.06	6.9
100-499 workers	36.50	100.0	25.79	70.6	10.72	29.4	2.89	7.9	1.17	3.2	2.89	7.9	1.10	3.0	2.66	7.3
500 workers or more	55.00	100.0	35.92	65.3	19.09	34.7	5.12	9.3	2.73	5.0	4.95	9.0	2.72	4.9	3.57	6.5
Footnotes (1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded. (3) Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

Table 7. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by census region and division [Mar. 2021]
Area(1)	Total compensation(2)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Area(1)	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent
Northeast	41.17	100.0	28.36	68.9	12.80	31.1	3.23	7.8	1.50	3.6	3.35	8.1	1.57	3.8	3.16	7.7
New England	41.04	100.0	28.57	69.6	12.46	30.4	3.32	8.1	1.26	3.1	3.26	7.9	1.51	3.7	3.12	7.6
Middle Atlantic	41.22	100.0	28.29	68.6	12.93	31.4	3.19	7.7	1.59	3.9	3.38	8.2	1.59	3.9	3.17	7.7
South	32.69	100.0	23.68	72.4	9.01	27.6	2.36	7.2	1.09	3.3	2.19	6.7	0.97	3.0	2.41	7.4
South Atlantic	34.23	100.0	24.73	72.3	9.50	27.7	2.56	7.5	1.06	3.1	2.29	6.7	1.06	3.1	2.53	7.4
East South Central	29.79	100.0	21.59	72.5	8.20	27.5	2.09	7.0	0.87	2.9	2.17	7.3	0.89	3.0	2.18	7.3
West South Central	31.35	100.0	22.82	72.8	8.53	27.2	2.13	6.8	1.25	4.0	2.01	6.4	0.84	2.7	2.30	7.3
Midwest	35.10	100.0	24.24	69.0	10.86	31.0	2.51	7.1	1.34	3.8	3.08	8.8	1.32	3.8	2.61	7.4
East North Central	36.02	100.0	24.83	68.9	11.20	31.1	2.56	7.1	1.44	4.0	3.09	8.6	1.46	4.0	2.65	7.4
West North Central	33.20	100.0	23.02	69.3	10.18	30.7	2.40	7.2	1.14	3.4	3.07	9.2	1.05	3.1	2.53	7.6
West	40.60	100.0	28.59	70.4	12.01	29.6	3.09	7.6	1.29	3.2	3.14	7.7	1.34	3.3	3.16	7.8
Mountain	33.99	100.0	23.75	69.9	10.24	30.1	2.40	7.1	1.31	3.9	2.85	8.4	1.14	3.3	2.54	7.5
Pacific	43.30	100.0	30.57	70.6	12.73	29.4	3.37	7.8	1.28	3.0	3.25	7.5	1.42	3.3	3.41	7.9
Footnotes (1) The census divisions are defined as follows: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington. (2) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.

Table 8. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by metropolitan areas [Mar. 2021]
Area(1)	Total compensation(2)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits
Area(1)	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent	Cost ($)	Percent
Northeast Region
Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT CSA	43.70	100.0	30.27	69.3	13.42	30.7
New York-Newark, NY-NJ-CT-PA CSA	47.40	100.0	32.26	68.1	15.14	31.9
Philadelphia-Reading-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD CSA	35.70	100.0	25.24	70.7	10.46	29.3
South Region
Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs, GA CSA	35.93	100.0	25.50	71.0	10.43	29.0
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX-OK CSA	32.66	100.0	23.03	70.5	9.63	29.5
Houston-The Woodlands, TX CSA	39.50	100.0	28.53	72.2	10.97	27.8
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Port St. Lucie, FL CSA	31.34	100.0	23.32	74.4	8.01	25.6
Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA CSA	46.32	100.0	33.10	71.5	13.22	28.5
Midwest Region
Chicago-Naperville, IL-IN-WI CSA	42.73	100.0	29.32	68.6	13.41	31.4
Detroit-Warren-Ann Arbor, MI CSA	40.54	100.0	27.20	67.1	13.34	32.9
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI CSA	38.45	100.0	26.69	69.4	11.76	30.6
West Region
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA CSA	40.05	100.0	28.16	70.3	11.89	29.7
Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ MSA	33.51	100.0	23.25	69.4	10.26	30.6
San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA	55.47	100.0	38.67	69.7	16.80	30.3
Seattle-Tacoma, WA CSA	47.05	100.0	33.15	70.5	13.90	29.5
Footnotes (1) These areas include Consolidated Statistical Areas (CSAs) and Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs). Beginning with the March 2019 release, area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 13-01, dated February 28, 2013. Previous area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 04-03, dated February 18, 2004. For more information on metropolitan area definitions, see www.census.gov/programs-surveys/metro-micro.html. (2) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.

Last Modified Date: June 17, 2021