Department of Labor Logo United States Department of Labor
Dot gov

The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Economic News Release
PRINT:Print
ECEC ECEC Program Links

Employer Costs for Employee Compensation News Release


For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Thursday, June 18, 2020						USDL-20-1232

Technical information:	(202) 691-6199  *  ncsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ect
Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  *  pressoffice@bls.gov


			EMPLOYER COSTS FOR EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION - MARCH 2020

Employer costs for employee compensation for civilian workers averaged $37.73 per hour worked in March 2020,
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Wages and salaries cost employers $25.91 while benefit 
costs were $11.82. Total compensation costs for civilian workers were $13.15 at the 10th wage percentile, 
$28.40 at the 50th (median) wage percentile, and $74.17 at the 90th wage percentile. (See tables A and 1.) 

State and local government worker compensation costs for employers averaged $52.45 per hour worked in March 
2020. Wages and salaries averaged $32.62 and accounted for 62.2 percent of employer costs, while benefit costs 
averaged $19.82 and accounted for 37.8 percent. Total compensation costs at the 50th (median) wage percentile 
were $50.06. (See tables A and 1.)
  
Total employer compensation costs for private industry workers averaged $35.34 per hour worked.
* Wages and salaries averaged $24.82 per hour worked and accounted for 70.2 percent of employer costs.
* Benefit costs averaged $10.53 per hour worked and accounted for the remaining 29.8 percent.
* Median (50th wage percentile) employer costs per employee hour worked were $26.00 for total 
  compensation, $18.05 for wages and salaries, and $7.95 for benefits. (See tables A and 1.) 

Total compensation costs for private industry workers ranged from $12.62 at the 10th wage percentile to $69.32 
at the 90th wage percentile.
* Wages and salaries were $10.32 per hour worked at the 10th wage percentile and $47.29 at the 90th wage 
  percentile.
* Total benefit costs ranged from $2.30 at the 10th wage percentile to $22.04 at the 90th wage percentile. 
  (See table A.) For more information on average compensation costs within specified wage percentiles, see 
  www.bls.gov/ect/compensation-percentile-estimates.htm.

Table A. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation by wage percentiles [Mar. 2020]
Compensation component Civilian workers(1) Private industry
workers
State and local
government workers
10th wage
percentile
50th (median)
wage percentile
90th wage
percentile
10th wage
percentile
50th (median)
wage percentile
90th wage
percentile
10th wage
percentile
50th (median)
wage percentile
90th wage
percentile

Total compensation(2)

13.15 28.40 74.17 12.62 26.00 69.32 22.01 50.06 88.33

Wages and salaries

10.61 19.15 49.32 10.32 18.05 47.29 13.75 29.08 56.42

Total benefits

2.54 9.25 24.84 2.30 7.95 22.04 8.26 20.98 31.90

Paid leave

0.35 1.90 6.04 0.32 1.58 5.88 1.35 4.29 6.15

Supplemental pay

0.18 0.85 2.12 0.16 0.85 2.49 0.17 0.73 0.82

Insurance

0.65 3.17 6.28 0.54 2.72 5.23 3.51 6.67 8.58

Health insurance

0.63 3.05 5.93 0.53 2.60 4.85 3.47 6.48 8.34

Retirement and savings

0.09 1.07 5.59 (3)0.04 0.64 3.54 1.68 6.32 12.08

Legally required benefits

1.28 2.26 4.82 1.23 2.16 4.90 1.55 2.98 4.27

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(2) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.
(3) The relative standard error for this estimate is greater than 30 percent.

Metropolitan area private industry compensation costs are published each March reference period for the 15 
largest Consolidated Statistical Areas (CSA) and Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA). Total compensation costs 
in March 2020 for private industry workers ranged from $27.42 per hour worked in the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Port 
St. Lucie, FL CSA to $57.99 per hour worked in the San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA. (See table 8.)
* Wages and salaries comprised 72.0 percent of total compensation ($19.73) in Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Port 
  St. Lucie, FL and 70.4 percent ($40.84) in San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA.
* Total benefits costs accounted for 28.0 percent ($7.69) in Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Port St. Lucie, FL and 
  29.6 percent ($17.15) in San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA.

 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                                                                |
| Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on March 2020 ECEC Data						 |
| The Employer Cost for Employee Compensation (ECEC) reference date was March 12, 2020. Response rates for March |
| were comparable with prior releases, and no changes in estimation procedures were necessary. Additional 	 |
| information is available at www.bls.gov/covid19/home.htm.							 |
|________________________________________________________________________________________________________________|



					TECHNICAL NOTE

Employer Costs for Employee Compensation (ECEC), a product of the National Compensation Survey, provides 
the average employer cost for wages and salaries as well as benefits per employee hour worked. The ECEC 
covers the civilian economy, which includes data from both private industry and state and local government. 
Excluded from private industry are the self-employed, agricultural workers, and private household workers. 
Federal government workers are excluded from the public sector.

All workers are included in the benefit cost estimates including those that do not have plan access or do 
not participate. Costs are also affected by other factors such as cost sharing between employers and 
employees, plan features, and plan generosity. For the latest information on the percentage of workers with 
access to and participating in employer-sponsored benefit plans, including health care and retirement and 
savings plans, see www.bls.gov/ebs.

The National Compensation Measures provides additional details on the sample design, calculation 
methodology, and resources explaining changes over time. (See www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm.)
 
Additional ECEC estimates, including historical data, are available in the ECEC database query tool at 
www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/data.htm.

Sample size
Data for this reference period were collected from a probability sample of approximately 
25,600 occupational observations selected from a sample of about 6,300 private industry establishments and 
approximately 7,800 occupational observations selected from a sample of about 1,400 state and local 
government establishments that provided data at the initial interview.

Measures of reliability
Relative standard errors (RSEs) provide users a tool to ascertain the quality of an estimate 
to ensure that it is within an acceptable range for their intended purpose. RSEs are available at 
www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/ecec-rse.htm and database query tool at www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/data.htm.

Comparisons
Compensation cost levels in state and local government should not be directly compared with 
levels in private industry. Differences between these sectors stem from factors such as variation in work 
activities and occupational structures.

Area definitions
Metropolitan area definitions have been updated based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 
13-01, dated February 28, 2013. For more information see www.census.gov/programs-surveys/metro-micro.html. 

Publication focus
Topics of news releases for the upcoming reference periods are as follows:
* June 2020 - Health benefit costs in private industry
* September 2020 - Compensation costs in state and local government
* December 2020 - Supplemental pay costs in private industry

For 2020 ECEC release dates, see www.bls.gov/schedule/news_release/ecec.htm.


Table 1. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation by ownership [Mar. 2020]
Compensation component Civilian workers(1) Private industry
workers
State and local
government workers
Cost ($) Percent of
compensation
Cost ($) Percent of
compensation
Cost ($) Percent of
compensation

Total compensation(2)

37.73 100.0 35.34 100.0 52.45 100.0

Wages and salaries

25.91 68.7 24.82 70.2 32.62 62.2

Total benefits

11.82 31.3 10.53 29.8 19.82 37.8

Paid leave

2.76 7.3 2.58 7.3 3.89 7.4

Vacation

1.34 3.6 1.32 3.7 1.46 2.8

Holiday

0.82 2.2 0.77 2.2 1.11 2.1

Sick

0.45 1.2 0.35 1.0 1.01 1.9

Personal

0.16 0.4 0.13 0.4 0.31 0.6

Supplemental pay

1.10 2.9 1.19 3.4 0.52 1.0

Overtime and premium(3)

0.30 0.8 0.32 0.9 0.22 0.4

Shift differentials

0.08 0.2 0.08 0.2 0.05 0.1

Nonproduction bonuses

0.72 1.9 0.80 2.3 0.25 0.5

Insurance

3.27 8.7 2.80 7.9 6.15 11.7

Life

0.05 0.1 0.04 0.1 0.07 0.1

Health

3.11 8.2 2.64 7.5 6.00 11.4

Short-term disability

0.07 0.2 0.07 0.2 0.03 0.1

Long-term disability

0.05 0.1 0.04 0.1 0.05 0.1

Retirement and savings

1.97 5.2 1.25 3.5 6.39 12.2

Defined benefit

1.20 3.2 0.43 1.2 5.95 11.3

Defined contribution

0.76 2.0 0.82 2.3 0.44 0.8

Legally Required benefits

2.72 7.2 2.70 7.6 2.88 5.5

Social Security and Medicare

2.11 5.6 2.09 5.9 2.25 4.3

Social Security(4)

1.68 4.5 1.67 4.7 1.72 3.3

Medicare

0.43 1.1 0.41 1.2 0.54 1.0

Federal unemployment insurance

0.02 0.1 0.03 0.1 (5)- (6)-

State unemployment insurance

0.13 0.3 0.14 0.4 0.06 0.1

Workers' compensation

0.46 1.2 0.45 1.3 0.56 1.1

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(2) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.
(3) Includes premium pay for work (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays) in addition to the regular work schedule.
(4) Social Security refers to the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
(5) Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
(6) Less than .05 percent.


Table 2. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for civilian workers by occupational and industry group [Mar. 2020]
Series Total compensation(1) Wages and salaries Total benefits Paid leave Supplemental pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent

Civilian workers(2)

37.73 100.0 25.91 68.7 11.82 31.3 2.76 7.3 1.10 2.9 3.27 8.7 1.97 5.2 2.72 7.2

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

61.82 100.0 42.22 68.3 19.60 31.7 5.29 8.6 1.75 2.8 4.97 8.0 3.77 6.1 3.82 6.2

Management, business and financial

70.69 100.0 48.32 68.4 22.37 31.6 6.74 9.5 2.91 4.1 4.82 6.8 3.51 5.0 4.39 6.2

Professional and related

57.84 100.0 39.49 68.3 18.35 31.7 4.65 8.0 1.23 2.1 5.03 8.7 3.88 6.7 3.57 6.2

Teachers(3)

65.30 100.0 44.37 68.0 20.93 32.0 3.40 5.2 0.25 0.4 6.48 9.9 7.43 11.4 3.35 5.1

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

65.22 100.0 43.30 66.4 21.92 33.6 3.00 4.6 0.22 0.3 7.20 11.0 8.41 12.9 3.09 4.7

Registered nurses

59.11 100.0 38.37 64.9 20.75 35.1 5.79 9.8 2.25 3.8 5.67 9.6 3.14 5.3 3.90 6.6

Sales and office

27.69 100.0 19.48 70.4 8.21 29.6 1.87 6.8 0.70 2.5 2.63 9.5 0.99 3.6 2.01 7.3

Sales and related

26.05 100.0 19.87 76.3 6.18 23.7 1.45 5.6 0.67 2.6 1.51 5.8 0.56 2.2 1.98 7.6

Office and administrative support

28.68 100.0 19.25 67.1 9.43 32.9 2.12 7.4 0.72 2.5 3.31 11.6 1.24 4.3 2.03 7.1

Service

20.10 100.0 14.30 71.2 5.80 28.8 1.07 5.3 0.44 2.2 1.69 8.4 0.90 4.5 1.71 8.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

37.57 100.0 25.21 67.1 12.36 32.9 2.05 5.5 1.33 3.5 3.35 8.9 2.10 5.6 3.52 9.4

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry

38.49 100.0 25.48 66.2 13.01 33.8 1.65 4.3 1.40 3.6 3.42 8.9 2.66 6.9 3.88 10.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair

36.58 100.0 24.92 68.1 11.66 31.9 2.48 6.8 1.24 3.4 3.28 9.0 1.51 4.1 3.14 8.6

Production, transportation, and material moving

29.74 100.0 19.67 66.1 10.07 33.9 1.81 6.1 1.27 4.3 3.08 10.4 1.26 4.2 2.64 8.9

Production

28.44 100.0 18.85 66.3 9.59 33.7 1.77 6.2 1.41 5.0 3.13 11.0 0.85 3.0 2.43 8.5

Transportation and material moving

30.93 100.0 20.42 66.0 10.51 34.0 1.85 6.0 1.14 3.7 3.04 9.8 1.64 5.3 2.84 9.2

Industry group

Education and health services

43.02 100.0 29.10 67.6 13.92 32.4 3.26 7.6 0.63 1.5 4.32 10.0 3.06 7.1 2.65 6.2

Educational services

54.03 100.0 35.73 66.1 18.30 33.9 3.48 6.4 0.26 0.5 5.86 10.9 5.83 10.8 2.88 5.3

Elementary and secondary schools

53.18 100.0 34.82 65.5 18.36 34.5 2.83 5.3 0.22 0.4 6.17 11.6 6.48 12.2 2.66 5.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities

60.40 100.0 40.02 66.3 20.38 33.7 5.28 8.7 0.37 0.6 5.94 9.8 5.34 8.8 3.44 5.7

Health care and social assistance

36.34 100.0 25.08 69.0 11.26 31.0 3.12 8.6 0.86 2.4 3.38 9.3 1.39 3.8 2.51 6.9

Hospitals

50.67 100.0 32.51 64.2 18.16 35.8 4.89 9.7 1.89 3.7 5.44 10.7 2.71 5.4 3.23 6.4

Footnotes
(1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.
(2) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(3) Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and instructors.


Table 3. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for state and local government workers by occupational and industry group [Mar. 2020]
Series Total compensation(1) Wages and salaries Total benefits Paid leave Supplemental pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent

State and local government workers

52.45 100.0 32.62 62.2 19.82 37.8 3.89 7.4 0.52 1.0 6.15 11.7 6.39 12.2 2.88 5.5

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

62.88 100.0 40.48 64.4 22.40 35.6 4.38 7.0 0.41 0.7 6.72 10.7 7.66 12.2 3.24 5.2

Professional and related

61.06 100.0 39.60 64.9 21.45 35.1 3.89 6.4 0.38 0.6 6.69 10.9 7.38 12.1 3.12 5.1

Teachers(2)

69.06 100.0 46.03 66.6 23.03 33.4 3.42 5.0 0.25 0.4 7.22 10.5 8.82 12.8 3.32 4.8

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

68.85 100.0 45.29 65.8 23.56 34.2 3.11 4.5 0.24 0.3 7.72 11.2 9.35 13.6 3.15 4.6

Sales and office

36.29 100.0 20.88 57.5 15.42 42.5 3.15 8.7 0.33 0.9 5.77 15.9 4.00 11.0 2.16 6.0

Office and administrative support

36.46 100.0 20.92 57.4 15.54 42.6 3.17 8.7 0.34 0.9 5.85 16.1 4.03 11.0 2.16 5.9

Service

38.25 100.0 21.90 57.3 16.35 42.7 3.20 8.4 0.82 2.2 4.86 12.7 5.12 13.4 2.34 6.1

Industry group

Education and health services

54.79 100.0 35.30 64.4 19.49 35.6 3.57 6.5 0.35 0.6 6.31 11.5 6.46 11.8 2.80 5.1

Educational services

56.15 100.0 36.40 64.8 19.75 35.2 3.42 6.1 0.26 0.5 6.42 11.4 6.84 12.2 2.80 5.0

Elementary and secondary schools

54.59 100.0 35.43 64.9 19.16 35.1 2.83 5.2 0.22 0.4 6.48 11.9 6.97 12.8 2.66 4.9

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities

60.71 100.0 39.25 64.6 21.46 35.4 5.24 8.6 0.35 0.6 6.20 10.2 6.43 10.6 3.24 5.3

Health care and social assistance

46.54 100.0 28.60 61.5 17.94 38.5 4.47 9.6 0.92 2.0 5.63 12.1 4.10 8.8 2.81 6.0

Hospitals

49.15 100.0 30.79 62.6 18.36 37.4 4.74 9.6 1.07 2.2 5.59 11.4 4.00 8.1 2.96 6.0

Public administration

50.58 100.0 29.20 57.7 21.38 42.3 4.67 9.2 0.80 1.6 6.11 12.1 6.74 13.3 3.06 6.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.
(2) Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and instructors.


Table 4. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by occupational and industry group [Mar. 2020]
Series Total compensation(1) Wages and salaries Total benefits Paid leave Supplemental pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent

Private industry workers

35.34 100.0 24.82 70.2 10.53 29.8 2.58 7.3 1.19 3.4 2.80 7.9 1.25 3.5 2.70 7.6

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

61.45 100.0 42.82 69.7 18.63 30.3 5.61 9.1 2.20 3.6 4.37 7.1 2.43 4.0 4.02 6.5

Management, business, and financial

70.29 100.0 48.68 69.3 21.60 30.7 6.66 9.5 3.22 4.6 4.54 6.5 2.73 3.9 4.45 6.3

Professional and related

56.35 100.0 39.43 70.0 16.92 30.0 5.00 8.9 1.62 2.9 4.27 7.6 2.26 4.0 3.77 6.7

Sales and office

26.92 100.0 19.36 71.9 7.56 28.1 1.75 6.5 0.73 2.7 2.35 8.7 0.72 2.7 2.00 7.4

Sales and related

26.02 100.0 19.87 76.4 6.14 23.6 1.44 5.5 0.67 2.6 1.50 5.8 0.55 2.1 1.98 7.6

Office and administrative support

27.53 100.0 19.00 69.0 8.53 31.0 1.97 7.2 0.77 2.8 2.94 10.7 0.83 3.0 2.01 7.3

Service

17.46 100.0 13.20 75.6 4.27 24.4 0.76 4.3 0.38 2.2 1.23 7.0 0.29 1.7 1.61 9.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

36.97 100.0 25.12 67.9 11.86 32.1 1.90 5.1 1.37 3.7 3.13 8.5 1.89 5.1 3.57 9.7

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry

38.01 100.0 25.45 66.9 12.56 33.1 1.47 3.9 1.46 3.8 3.19 8.4 2.48 6.5 3.96 10.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair

35.88 100.0 24.76 69.0 11.11 31.0 2.35 6.6 1.27 3.5 3.07 8.5 1.27 3.5 3.16 8.8

Production, transportation, and material moving

29.30 100.0 19.52 66.6 9.77 33.4 1.77 6.0 1.29 4.4 2.96 10.1 1.12 3.8 2.64 9.0

Production

28.16 100.0 18.72 66.5 9.43 33.5 1.73 6.2 1.42 5.0 3.08 10.9 0.78 2.8 2.42 8.6

Transportation and material moving

30.40 100.0 20.29 66.8 10.10 33.2 1.80 5.9 1.16 3.8 2.85 9.4 1.44 4.7 2.84 9.3

Industry group

Goods-producing(2)

40.22 100.0 27.04 67.2 13.17 32.8 2.60 6.5 1.72 4.3 3.70 9.2 1.79 4.5 3.36 8.4

Construction

40.17 100.0 27.67 68.9 12.49 31.1 1.77 4.4 1.37 3.4 3.27 8.2 2.16 5.4 3.92 9.8

Manufacturing

39.55 100.0 26.27 66.4 13.28 33.6 2.99 7.6 1.88 4.7 3.90 9.9 1.49 3.8 3.02 7.6

Aircraft manufacturing

71.06 100.0 43.94 61.8 27.12 38.2 6.56 9.2 3.76 5.3 7.14 10.0 5.09 7.2 4.57 6.4

Service-providing(3)

34.35 100.0 24.36 70.9 9.98 29.1 2.58 7.5 1.09 3.2 2.62 7.6 1.14 3.3 2.56 7.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

29.46 100.0 20.77 70.5 8.69 29.5 1.88 6.4 0.88 3.0 2.38 8.1 1.14 3.9 2.41 8.2

Wholesale trade

38.30 100.0 27.06 70.7 11.24 29.3 2.83 7.4 1.26 3.3 2.97 7.7 1.27 3.3 2.91 7.6

Retail trade

20.77 100.0 15.72 75.7 5.05 24.3 1.00 4.8 0.50 2.4 1.36 6.6 0.41 2.0 1.77 8.5

Transportation and warehousing

40.45 100.0 26.25 64.9 14.21 35.1 2.92 7.2 1.41 3.5 4.11 10.2 2.39 5.9 3.38 8.3

Utilities

66.01 100.0 40.71 61.7 25.30 38.3 5.87 8.9 2.17 3.3 6.27 9.5 6.28 9.5 4.71 7.1

Information

56.38 100.0 38.07 67.5 18.31 32.5 5.18 9.2 2.57 4.6 4.84 8.6 2.01 3.6 3.72 6.6

Financial activities

49.85 100.0 33.43 67.1 16.41 32.9 4.39 8.8 2.89 5.8 4.18 8.4 1.77 3.5 3.18 6.4

Financial and insurance

54.87 100.0 36.38 66.3 18.49 33.7 4.99 9.1 3.38 6.2 4.66 8.5 2.12 3.9 3.34 6.1

Credit intermediation and related activities

48.01 100.0 32.05 66.8 15.95 33.2 4.46 9.3 2.43 5.1 4.34 9.0 1.72 3.6 3.00 6.3

Insurance carriers and related activities

51.49 100.0 33.72 65.5 17.77 34.5 4.57 8.9 3.06 5.9 4.66 9.1 2.22 4.3 3.26 6.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

35.49 100.0 25.02 70.5 10.47 29.5 2.67 7.5 (4)1.50 (4)4.2 2.83 8.0 0.75 2.1 2.71 7.6

Professional and business services

43.71 100.0 31.39 71.8 12.32 28.2 3.54 8.1 1.52 3.5 2.78 6.4 1.33 3.0 3.15 7.2

Professional and technical services

57.47 100.0 41.32 71.9 16.16 28.1 5.08 8.8 1.90 3.3 3.57 6.2 1.74 3.0 3.87 6.7

Administrative and waste services

23.98 100.0 18.08 75.4 5.90 24.6 1.20 5.0 0.69 2.9 1.50 6.3 0.35 1.4 2.16 9.0

Education and health services

36.91 100.0 25.88 70.1 11.03 29.9 3.09 8.4 0.78 2.1 3.28 8.9 1.30 3.5 2.57 7.0

Educational services

46.64 100.0 33.38 71.6 13.26 28.4 3.67 7.9 0.26 0.6 3.91 8.4 2.27 4.9 3.14 6.7

Junior colleges, colleges, universities and professional schools

59.82 100.0 41.47 69.3 18.34 30.7 5.36 9.0 0.42 0.7 5.45 9.1 3.28 5.5 3.82 6.4

Health care and social assistance

35.49 100.0 24.79 69.8 10.70 30.2 3.01 8.5 0.86 2.4 3.19 9.0 1.16 3.3 2.49 7.0

Leisure and hospitality

15.87 100.0 12.53 79.0 3.33 21.0 0.51 3.2 0.25 1.5 0.80 5.0 0.23 1.5 1.55 9.8

Accommodation and food services

15.17 100.0 11.99 79.0 3.18 21.0 0.47 3.1 0.25 1.6 0.74 4.9 0.22 1.5 1.50 9.9

Other services

28.44 100.0 21.26 74.8 7.17 25.2 1.73 6.1 0.43 1.5 1.79 6.3 0.87 3.0 2.36 8.3

Footnotes
(1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
(3) Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
(4) The relative standard error for this estimate is greater than 30 percent.


Table 5. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by bargaining and work status [Mar. 2020]
Series Total compensation(1) Wages and salaries Total benefits Paid leave Supplemental pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent

Union

All workers

48.57 100.0 28.91 59.5 19.65 40.5 3.46 7.1 1.75 3.6 6.79 14.0 3.99 8.2 3.66 7.5

Goods-producing(2)

51.98 100.0 29.78 57.3 22.21 42.7 2.86 5.5 2.40 4.6 7.60 14.6 5.06 9.7 4.28 8.2

Service-providing(3)

47.05 100.0 28.53 60.6 18.52 39.4 3.72 7.9 1.46 3.1 6.44 13.7 3.52 7.5 3.39 7.2

Nonunion

All workers

34.16 100.0 24.45 71.6 9.71 28.4 2.50 7.3 1.14 3.3 2.45 7.2 1.00 2.9 2.61 7.6

Goods-producing(2)

38.15 100.0 26.56 69.6 11.59 30.4 2.55 6.7 1.60 4.2 3.02 7.9 1.22 3.2 3.20 8.4

Service-providing(3)

33.41 100.0 24.06 72.0 9.36 28.0 2.49 7.5 1.06 3.2 2.34 7.0 0.96 2.9 2.50 7.5

Full-time

All workers

40.99 100.0 28.24 68.9 12.75 31.1 3.23 7.9 1.48 3.6 3.46 8.4 1.57 3.8 3.01 7.3

Occupational group

Management, professional and related

63.98 100.0 44.24 69.1 19.74 30.9 5.99 9.4 2.36 3.7 4.66 7.3 2.61 4.1 4.12 6.4

Management, business, and financial

71.20 100.0 49.19 69.1 22.02 30.9 6.81 9.6 3.26 4.6 4.66 6.5 2.80 3.9 4.48 6.3

Professional and related

59.19 100.0 40.95 69.2 18.24 30.8 5.45 9.2 1.76 3.0 4.66 7.9 2.48 4.2 3.88 6.6

Sales and office

31.39 100.0 22.02 70.1 9.37 29.9 2.29 7.3 0.94 3.0 3.00 9.6 0.91 2.9 2.22 7.1

Sales and related

35.45 100.0 26.36 74.4 9.09 25.6 2.37 6.7 1.06 3.0 2.33 6.6 0.86 2.4 2.48 7.0

Office and administrative support

29.52 100.0 20.02 67.8 9.50 32.2 2.25 7.6 0.89 3.0 3.32 11.2 0.94 3.2 2.11 7.1

Service

20.94 100.0 14.97 71.5 5.96 28.5 1.20 5.7 0.56 2.7 1.99 9.5 0.45 2.2 1.76 8.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

37.91 100.0 25.59 67.5 12.32 32.5 1.99 5.2 1.43 3.8 3.29 8.7 1.99 5.2 3.62 9.6

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry

38.78 100.0 25.83 66.6 12.96 33.4 1.54 4.0 1.52 3.9 3.31 8.5 2.58 6.7 4.01 10.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair

36.97 100.0 25.34 68.6 11.63 31.4 2.48 6.7 1.33 3.6 3.26 8.8 1.35 3.6 3.21 8.7

Production, transportation, and material moving

31.33 100.0 20.63 65.9 10.70 34.1 2.01 6.4 1.44 4.6 3.28 10.5 1.24 4.0 2.72 8.7

Production

29.29 100.0 19.30 65.9 9.99 34.1 1.85 6.3 1.52 5.2 3.30 11.3 0.85 2.9 2.47 8.5

Transportation and material moving

33.72 100.0 22.20 65.8 11.52 34.2 2.20 6.5 1.36 4.0 3.25 9.6 1.70 5.0 3.01 8.9

Industry group

Goods-producing(2)

40.65 100.0 27.27 67.1 13.39 32.9 2.65 6.5 1.74 4.3 3.78 9.3 1.83 4.5 3.38 8.3

Construction

40.56 100.0 27.82 68.6 12.74 31.4 1.81 4.5 1.40 3.4 3.38 8.3 2.23 5.5 3.93 9.7

Manufacturing

39.99 100.0 26.53 66.3 13.46 33.7 3.04 7.6 1.90 4.8 3.96 9.9 1.52 3.8 3.04 7.6

Service-providing(3)

41.09 100.0 28.52 69.4 12.57 30.6 3.40 8.3 1.41 3.4 3.37 8.2 1.49 3.6 2.90 7.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

35.83 100.0 24.67 68.9 11.15 31.1 2.60 7.3 1.19 3.3 3.05 8.5 1.51 4.2 2.80 7.8

Information

62.07 100.0 41.63 67.1 20.44 32.9 5.84 9.4 2.89 4.6 5.40 8.7 2.29 3.7 4.03 6.5

Financial activities

52.25 100.0 34.84 66.7 17.41 33.3 4.70 9.0 3.08 5.9 4.45 8.5 1.89 3.6 3.29 6.3

Professional and business services

47.96 100.0 34.07 71.0 13.89 29.0 4.07 8.5 1.73 3.6 3.20 6.7 1.55 3.2 3.35 7.0

Education and health services

40.19 100.0 27.69 68.9 12.50 31.1 3.61 9.0 0.85 2.1 3.85 9.6 1.52 3.8 2.68 6.7

Leisure and hospitality

20.83 100.0 15.41 74.0 5.41 26.0 1.08 5.2 0.43 2.1 1.64 7.9 0.47 2.3 1.78 8.5

Other services

33.60 100.0 24.23 72.1 9.37 27.9 2.41 7.2 0.52 1.6 2.58 7.7 1.27 3.8 2.59 7.7

Part-time

All workers

18.50 100.0 14.60 78.9 3.90 21.1 0.64 3.5 0.33 1.8 0.84 4.6 0.31 1.7 1.77 9.6

Occupational group

Management, professional and related

40.67 100.0 31.16 76.6 9.51 23.4 2.44 6.0 0.91 2.2 1.97 4.8 0.99 2.4 3.19 7.8

Professional and related

40.73 100.0 31.06 76.2 9.68 23.8 2.51 6.2 0.83 2.0 2.10 5.2 1.06 2.6 3.18 7.8

Sales and office

16.28 100.0 13.03 80.0 3.25 20.0 0.48 3.0 0.24 1.5 0.81 5.0 0.25 1.5 1.47 9.0

Sales and related

14.69 100.0 12.09 82.3 2.60 17.7 0.33 2.2 0.21 1.4 0.51 3.4 0.18 1.2 1.38 9.4

Office and administrative support

18.91 100.0 14.59 77.1 4.32 22.9 0.75 3.9 0.28 1.5 1.31 6.9 0.38 2.0 1.61 8.5

Service

14.01 100.0 11.43 81.6 2.58 18.4 0.31 2.2 0.20 1.5 0.47 3.3 0.13 0.9 1.47 10.5

Production, transportation, and material moving

19.12 100.0 13.96 73.0 5.16 27.0 0.55 2.9 0.50 2.6 1.38 7.2 0.52 2.7 2.21 11.6

Transportation and material moving

20.28 100.0 14.49 71.5 5.79 28.5 0.59 2.9 0.57 2.8 1.63 8.1 0.66 3.3 2.34 11.5

Industry group

Service-providing(3)

18.40 100.0 14.52 79.0 3.87 21.0 0.64 3.5 0.33 1.8 0.84 4.6 0.31 1.7 1.75 9.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

17.20 100.0 13.26 77.1 3.95 22.9 0.50 2.9 0.29 1.7 1.08 6.3 0.42 2.4 1.65 9.6

Professional and business services

20.54 100.0 16.78 81.7 3.76 18.3 0.70 3.4 0.43 2.1 0.50 2.4 (4)0.10 (4)0.5 2.04 9.9

Education and health services

27.71 100.0 20.82 75.1 6.90 24.9 1.65 6.0 0.60 2.2 1.70 6.1 0.68 2.5 2.26 8.2

Leisure and hospitality

12.48 100.0 10.56 84.6 1.92 15.4 0.12 1.0 0.12 0.9 0.22 1.7 0.06 0.5 1.39 11.2

Footnotes
(1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
(3) Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
(4) The relative standard error for this estimate is greater than 30 percent.


Table 6. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by establishment size and industry group [Mar. 2020]
Series Total compensation(1) Wages and salaries Total benefits Paid leave Supplemental pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent

All workers

1-99 workers

29.18 100.0 21.58 73.9 7.60 26.1 1.80 6.2 0.76 2.6 1.93 6.6 0.71 2.4 2.41 8.3

1-49 workers

28.35 100.0 21.25 75.0 7.10 25.0 1.69 6.0 0.70 2.5 1.72 6.1 0.62 2.2 2.37 8.4

50-99 workers

32.03 100.0 22.71 70.9 9.32 29.1 2.16 6.7 0.96 3.0 2.62 8.2 1.02 3.2 2.56 8.0

100 workers or more

42.66 100.0 28.67 67.2 14.00 32.8 3.51 8.2 1.71 4.0 3.85 9.0 1.89 4.4 3.03 7.1

100-499 workers

36.79 100.0 25.50 69.3 11.29 30.7 2.76 7.5 1.20 3.3 3.17 8.6 1.38 3.7 2.79 7.6

500 workers or more

50.30 100.0 32.79 65.2 17.52 34.8 4.49 8.9 2.38 4.7 4.74 9.4 2.56 5.1 3.35 6.7

Goods-producing(2)

1-99 workers

34.32 100.0 24.28 70.8 10.03 29.2 1.74 5.1 1.20 3.5 2.69 7.8 1.20 3.5 3.20 9.3

1-49 workers

33.07 100.0 23.87 72.2 9.21 27.8 1.54 4.6 1.10 3.3 2.33 7.1 1.03 3.1 3.21 9.7

50-99 workers

37.25 100.0 25.26 67.8 11.99 32.2 2.24 6.0 1.43 3.8 3.53 9.5 1.60 4.3 3.20 8.6

100 workers or more

45.31 100.0 29.43 64.9 15.89 35.1 3.34 7.4 2.17 4.8 4.58 10.1 2.30 5.1 3.50 7.7

100-499 workers

42.76 100.0 28.24 66.0 14.52 34.0 2.96 6.9 1.79 4.2 4.25 9.9 2.08 4.9 3.44 8.1

500 workers or more

49.44 100.0 31.35 63.4 18.09 36.6 3.95 8.0 2.78 5.6 5.12 10.4 2.66 5.4 3.59 7.3

Service-providing(3)

1-99 workers

28.31 100.0 21.12 74.6 7.19 25.4 1.81 6.4 0.68 2.4 1.80 6.3 0.62 2.2 2.28 8.1

1-49 workers

27.63 100.0 20.85 75.5 6.78 24.5 1.72 6.2 0.64 2.3 1.63 5.9 0.55 2.0 2.24 8.1

50-99 workers

30.79 100.0 22.10 71.8 8.69 28.2 2.14 7.0 0.85 2.7 2.40 7.8 0.89 2.9 2.41 7.8

100 workers or more

42.00 100.0 28.48 67.8 13.53 32.2 3.56 8.5 1.60 3.8 3.67 8.7 1.79 4.3 2.92 6.9

100-499 workers

35.13 100.0 24.73 70.4 10.39 29.6 2.71 7.7 1.03 2.9 2.86 8.2 1.18 3.4 2.61 7.4

500 workers or more

50.49 100.0 33.09 65.5 17.40 34.5 4.60 9.1 2.30 4.5 4.65 9.2 2.54 5.0 3.30 6.5

Footnotes
(1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
(3) Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.


Table 7. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by census region and division [Mar. 2020]
Area(1) Total compensation(2) Wages and salaries Total benefits Paid leave Supplemental pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent

Northeast

39.76 100.0 27.30 68.7 12.46 31.3 3.14 7.9 1.36 3.4 3.35 8.4 1.52 3.8 3.08 7.8

New England

40.89 100.0 28.17 68.9 12.71 31.1 3.25 8.0 1.30 3.2 3.34 8.2 1.77 4.3 3.05 7.5

Middle Atlantic

39.36 100.0 26.99 68.6 12.37 31.4 3.10 7.9 1.38 3.5 3.35 8.5 1.44 3.6 3.10 7.9

South

31.00 100.0 22.27 71.8 8.73 28.2 2.15 6.9 1.10 3.6 2.17 7.0 0.99 3.2 2.32 7.5

South Atlantic

31.71 100.0 22.77 71.8 8.94 28.2 2.23 7.0 1.05 3.3 2.25 7.1 1.01 3.2 2.40 7.6

East South Central

28.16 100.0 19.93 70.8 8.23 29.2 1.89 6.7 1.13 4.0 2.19 7.8 0.93 3.3 2.09 7.4

West South Central

31.06 100.0 22.47 72.4 8.59 27.6 2.12 6.8 1.18 3.8 2.02 6.5 1.00 3.2 2.27 7.3

Midwest

33.73 100.0 23.37 69.3 10.36 30.7 2.36 7.0 1.26 3.7 2.96 8.8 1.22 3.6 2.56 7.6

East North Central

34.56 100.0 23.86 69.0 10.70 31.0 2.40 7.0 1.35 3.9 3.03 8.8 1.31 3.8 2.60 7.5

West North Central

31.93 100.0 22.31 69.9 9.62 30.1 2.27 7.1 1.06 3.3 2.82 8.8 1.01 3.2 2.46 7.7

West

40.20 100.0 28.28 70.4 11.91 29.6 3.03 7.5 1.12 2.8 3.18 7.9 1.46 3.6 3.12 7.8

Mountain

33.87 100.0 23.88 70.5 9.98 29.5 2.40 7.1 1.14 3.4 2.71 8.0 1.22 3.6 2.52 7.4

Pacific

42.94 100.0 30.19 70.3 12.75 29.7 3.30 7.7 1.12 2.6 3.39 7.9 1.57 3.7 3.38 7.9

Footnotes
(1) The census divisions are defined as follows: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
(2) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.


Table 8. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by metropolitan areas [Mar. 2020]
Area(1) Total compensation(2) Wages and salaries Total benefits
Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent Cost ($) Percent

Northeast Region

Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT CSA

41.80 100.0 28.82 69.0 12.98 31.0

New York-Newark, NY-NJ-CT-PA CSA

45.29 100.0 31.21 68.9 14.07 31.1

Philadelphia-Reading-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD CSA

33.46 100.0 23.20 69.3 10.26 30.7

South Region

Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs, GA CSA

35.66 100.0 24.97 70.0 10.69 30.0

Dallas-Fort Worth, TX-OK CSA

34.48 100.0 24.60 71.3 9.88 28.7

Houston-The Woodlands, TX CSA

39.85 100.0 28.98 72.7 10.87 27.3

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Port St. Lucie, FL CSA

27.42 100.0 19.73 72.0 7.69 28.0

Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA CSA

39.45 100.0 28.53 72.3 10.91 27.7

Midwest Region

Chicago-Naperville, IL-IN-WI CSA

39.31 100.0 27.20 69.2 12.11 30.8

Detroit-Warren-Ann Arbor, MI CSA

37.37 100.0 24.95 66.8 12.42 33.2

Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI CSA

38.47 100.0 27.08 70.4 11.39 29.6

West Region

Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA CSA

38.42 100.0 27.18 70.8 11.24 29.2

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ MSA

36.75 100.0 25.48 69.3 11.27 30.7

San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA

57.99 100.0 40.84 70.4 17.15 29.6

Seattle-Tacoma, WA CSA

42.92 100.0 29.87 69.6 13.05 30.4

Footnotes
(1) These areas include Consolidated Statistical Areas (CSAs) and Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs). Beginning with the March 2019 release, area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 13-01, dated February 28, 2013. Previous area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 04-03, dated February 18, 2004. For more information on metropolitan area definitions, see www.census.gov/programs-surveys/metro-micro.html.
(2) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.


Last Modified Date: June 19, 2020