FOR RELEASE 10:00 A.M. (EST) TUESDAY, DECEMBER 11, 2012 USDL-12-2404
Technical information:
(202) 691-6199 NCSinfo@bls.gov http://www.bls.gov/ect
Media contact:
(202) 691-5902 PressOffice@bls.gov
(Note: Employer Costs for Employee Compensation data for September 2012 and December 2012
contained errors in several series and have been corrected in the public database and historical
listings available on the BLS website. This news release will not be corrected. The primary errors
are in benefits data for private industry. Some additional series were also corrected. For further
information see www.bls.gov/eci_corrections_043013.htm.)
EMPLOYER COSTS FOR EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION - SEPTEMBER 2012
Employer costs for employee compensation averaged $30.80 per hour worked in September 2012, the
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Wages and salaries averaged $21.32 per hour worked
and accounted for 69.2 percent of these costs, while benefits averaged $9.48 and accounted for the
remaining 30.8 percent. Total employer compensation costs for private industry workers averaged
$28.95 per hour worked in September 2012.
Employer Costs for Employee Compensation (ECEC), a product of the National Compensation Survey,
measures employer costs for wages, salaries, and employee benefits for nonfarm private and state and
local government workers.
Compensation costs in state and local government
State and local government employers spent an average of $41.56 per hour worked for employee
compensation in September 2012. Wages and salaries averaged $26.91 per hour and accounted for 64.7
percent of compensation costs, while benefits averaged $14.65 per hour worked and accounted for the
remaining 35.3 percent. Total compensation costs for management, professional, and related
occupations, which represent approximately half of all state and local government employment, averaged
$50.43 per hour worked. Average hourly compensation costs were $28.97 for office and administrative
support occupations. (See chart 1 and table 4.)
For state and local government employees, employer costs for insurance benefits were $5.02 per hour,
or 12.1 percent of total compensation. The largest component of insurance costs in September 2012 was
health insurance, which averaged $4.86, or 11.7 percent of total compensation. In September 2002,
employer costs for health insurance averaged $2.83 per employee hour worked, or 8.9 percent of total
compensation. (See chart 2.)
In September 2012, the average cost for retirement and savings benefits was $3.68 per hour worked in
state and local government, or 8.9 percent of total compensation. Included in this amount were
employer costs for defined benefit plans, which averaged $3.36 per hour (8.1 percent), and defined
contribution plans, which averaged 32 cents (0.8 percent) in September 2012. In September 2002,
employer costs for retirement and savings averaged $1.81 per hour worked, or 5.7 percent of total
compensation. (See chart 2.) Defined benefit plans specify a formula for determining future benefits,
while defined contribution plans specify employer contributions but do not guarantee the amount of
future benefits.
Two components of benefit costs are paid leave and legally required benefits. Paid leave benefit costs
include vacation, holiday, sick leave, and personal leave. The average cost for paid leave was $3.06 per
hour worked for state and local government employees. Costs for legally required benefits, including
Social Security, Medicare, unemployment insurance (both state and federal), and workers’
compensation, averaged $2.54 per hour worked. (See table 3.)
The National Compensation Survey produces data on the percentage of state and local government
workers with access to and participation in employee benefit plans, including health and retirement and
savings plans. Detailed data on health and retirement plan provisions are available at
http://www.bls.gov/ebs.
Table A. Relative importance of employer costs for employee compensation, September 2012
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compensation Civilian Private State and local
component workers industry government
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Wages and salaries 69.2% 70.3% 64.7%
Benefits 30.8 29.7 35.3
Paid leave 6.9 6.8 7.4
Supplemental pay 2.4 2.9 0.8
Insurance 9.0 8.2 12.1
Health benefits 8.5 7.7 11.7
Retirement and savings 4.6 3.6 8.9
Defined benefit 2.8 1.5 8.1
Defined contribution 1.8 2.1 0.8
Legally required 7.8 8.2 6.1
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
The Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for December 2012 is scheduled to be released on
Tuesday, March 12, 2013, at 10:00 a.m. (EST).
Employer Costs for Employee Compensation data on total compensation, wages and salaries, and
benefits in private industry are produced annually in the March reference period for 15 metropolitan
areas. The most recent metropolitan area data were included in the March 2012 news release published
in June 2012. For further information about metropolitan area ECEC estimates see: “BLS Introduces
New Employer Costs for Employee Compensation Data for Private Industry Workers in 15 Metropolitan
Areas,” at http://www.bls.gov/opub/cwc/cm20090921ar01p1.htm.
Supplemental tables with occupational, establishment size, and bargaining status series for detailed
industries are available at http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/sp/ecsuphst.pdf and
http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/sp/ecsuptc24.pdf.
Relative standard errors for all cost estimates in the most recent news release and supplementary tables
are available at ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/ocwc/ect/ececrse.pdf and
http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/sp/ecsuprse.pdf.
Historical ECEC data are available in three listings, all available at http://www.bls.gov/ect/#tables. The
first historical listing covers data for the March reference periods from 1986 to 2001. These data use the
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) and Census of Population occupational classification systems.
A second listing contains data for the March, June, September, and December reference periods from
March 2002 to December 2003. These data are also based on the SIC and Census of Population
occupational classification systems. The most recent listing includes data for March 2004 to the current
reference period. These are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) and
Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) systems.
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request—
Telephone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
BLS news releases, including the ECEC, are available through an e-mail subscription service at:
www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm.
TECHNICAL NOTE
Employer Costs for Employee Compensation (ECEC) measures the average cost to employers for wages
and salaries and benefits per employee hour worked.
ECEC includes the civilian economy, which includes data from both private industry and state and local
government. Excluded from private industry are the self-employed and farm and private household
workers. Federal government workers are excluded from the public sector. The private industry series
and the state and local government series provide data for the two sectors separately.
The cost levels for this quarter were collected from a probability sample of approximately 47,100
occupations selected from a sample of about 9,400 establishments in private industry and approximately
9,200 occupations from a sample of about 1,400 establishments in State and local government.
Comparing private and public sector data
Compensation cost levels in state and local government should not be directly compared with levels in
private industry. Differences between these sectors stem from factors such as variation in work activities
and occupational structures. Manufacturing and sales, for example, make up a large part of private
industry work activities but are rare in state and local government. Professional and administrative
support occupations (including teachers) account for two-thirds of the state and local government
workforce, compared with one-half of private industry.
ECEC quarterly publication focus
ECEC news releases are published quarterly, providing civilian, private industry, and state and local
government cost per hour estimates as well as additional detail on a specific compensation cost topic of
interest. This quarter focuses on compensation costs in state and local government. Topics of news
releases for the upcoming reference periods are as follows:
* December 2012—Paid leave and legally required benefit costs in private industry
* March 2013—Health benefit costs in private industry
* June 2013—Retirement and savings benefit costs in private industry
ECEC detailed information and measures
For detailed information on the Employer Costs for Employee Compensation series, see National
Compensation Measures, Chapter 8, of the BLS Handbook of Methods at:
www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch8.pdf.
Table 1. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Civilian workers, by major occupational and industry group, September 2012
Occupational group Industry group
Management, Natural Production,
Compensation All professional, Sales resources, transportation, Goods- Service-
component workers(1) and and Service construction, and producing(2) providing(3)
related office and material
maintenance moving
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $30.80 100.0 $51.13 100.0 $23.31 100.0 $16.63 100.0 $32.25 100.0 $24.59 100.0 $34.07 100.0 $30.23 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 21.32 69.2 35.53 69.5 16.39 70.3 11.78 70.9 21.56 66.9 16.33 66.4 22.72 66.7 21.08 69.7
Total benefits............................... 9.48 30.8 15.60 30.5 6.92 29.7 4.85 29.1 10.68 33.1 8.26 33.6 11.36 33.3 9.15 30.3
Paid leave................................. 2.14 6.9 4.10 8.0 1.49 6.4 .91 5.4 1.78 5.5 1.44 5.9 2.22 6.5 2.12 7.0
Vacation................................. 1.04 3.4 1.97 3.9 .74 3.2 .43 2.6 .90 2.8 .74 3.0 1.16 3.4 1.02 3.4
Holiday.................................. .65 2.1 1.20 2.3 .47 2.0 .28 1.7 .59 1.8 .49 2.0 .78 2.3 .63 2.1
Sick..................................... .33 1.1 .69 1.4 .21 .9 .15 .9 .20 .6 .16 .6 .20 .6 .35 1.2
Personal................................. .12 .4 .24 .5 .08 .3 .05 .3 .10 .3 .05 .2 .08 .2 .12 .4
Supplemental pay........................... .75 2.4 1.25 2.4 .46 2.0 .32 1.9 .92 2.9 .85 3.5 1.32 3.9 .65 2.2
Overtime and premium(4).................. .24 .8 .14 .3 .14 .6 .17 1.0 .62 1.9 .51 2.1 .55 1.6 .19 .6
Shift differentials...................... .06 .2 .10 .2 .02 .1 .05 .3 .05 .1 .08 .3 .08 .2 .06 .2
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .45 1.5 1.01 2.0 .30 1.3 .09 .6 .25 .8 .26 1.1 .69 2.0 .41 1.3
Insurance.................................. 2.76 9.0 4.17 8.2 2.33 10.0 1.40 8.4 2.94 9.1 2.69 10.9 3.23 9.5 2.68 8.9
Life..................................... .05 .2 .09 .2 .03 .1 .02 .1 .05 .1 .04 .2 .06 .2 .04 .1
Health................................... 2.62 8.5 3.93 7.7 2.24 9.6 1.36 8.2 2.78 8.6 2.55 10.4 3.05 8.9 2.55 8.4
Short-term disability.................... .05 .2 .07 .1 .03 .1 (5) (6) .08 .2 .05 .2 .08 .2 .04 .1
Long-term disability..................... .04 .1 .08 .2 .03 .1 (5) (6) .04 .1 .05 .2 .05 .1 .04 .1
Retirement and savings..................... 1.42 4.6 2.71 5.3 .79 3.4 .66 4.0 1.89 5.9 .90 3.7 1.57 4.6 1.40 4.6
Defined benefit.......................... .87 2.8 1.61 3.1 .38 1.6 .52 3.2 1.35 4.2 .54 2.2 .87 2.5 .87 2.9
Defined contribution..................... .56 1.8 1.11 2.2 .41 1.8 .14 .8 .54 1.7 .36 1.5 .71 2.1 .53 1.8
Legally required benefits.................. 2.41 7.8 3.37 6.6 1.85 7.9 1.56 9.4 3.15 9.8 2.37 9.7 3.01 8.8 2.30 7.6
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.72 5.6 2.77 5.4 1.36 5.8 .98 5.9 1.82 5.6 1.39 5.7 1.92 5.6 1.69 5.6
Social Security(7)..................... 1.38 4.5 2.18 4.3 1.09 4.7 .79 4.7 1.47 4.6 1.12 4.6 1.55 4.5 1.35 4.5
Medicare............................... .35 1.1 .59 1.1 .26 1.1 .19 1.2 .35 1.1 .27 1.1 .38 1.1 .34 1.1
Federal unemployment insurance........... .03 .1 .02 (6) .03 .1 .03 .2 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1
State unemployment insurance............. .21 .7 .20 .4 .21 .9 .18 1.1 .27 .9 .26 1.1 .31 .9 .20 .7
Workers' compensation.................... .44 1.4 .37 .7 .25 1.1 .36 2.2 1.03 3.2 .69 2.8 .75 2.2 .38 1.3
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy excluding households and the public sector excluding the Federal government.
2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
3 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation;
accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.
4 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
5 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
6 Less than .05 percent.
7 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
Table 2. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation:
Civilian workers, by occupational and industry group, September 2012
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
Civilian workers(1)............................ $30.80 $21.32 $9.48 $2.14 $0.75 $2.76 $1.42 $2.41
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 51.13 35.53 15.60 4.10 1.25 4.17 2.71 3.37
Management, business, and financial.... 58.33 40.20 18.14 5.28 2.07 4.17 2.78 3.83
Professional and related............... 48.23 33.65 14.58 3.63 .92 4.17 2.68 3.18
Teachers(2).......................... 54.85 38.92 15.93 2.69 .14 5.50 4.45 3.14
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers......... 55.33 38.65 16.68 2.45 .16 6.34 4.78 2.95
Registered nurses.................... 49.32 34.28 15.04 3.99 1.45 4.01 1.99 3.61
Sales and office......................... 23.31 16.39 6.92 1.49 .46 2.33 .79 1.85
Sales and related...................... 21.78 16.31 5.47 1.13 .46 1.53 .52 1.83
Office and administrative support...... 24.19 16.43 7.76 1.70 .45 2.80 .95 1.86
Service.................................. 16.63 11.78 4.85 .91 .32 1.40 .66 1.56
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 32.25 21.56 10.68 1.78 .92 2.94 1.89 3.15
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry(3).............. 32.27 21.44 10.83 1.40 .95 2.78 2.24 3.46
Installation, maintenance, and repair.. 32.22 21.68 10.54 2.16 .89 3.09 1.55 2.84
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 24.59 16.33 8.26 1.44 .85 2.69 .90 2.37
Production............................. 25.11 16.58 8.53 1.58 1.04 2.78 .79 2.34
Transportation and material moving..... 24.09 16.09 8.00 1.32 .67 2.60 1.00 2.40
Industry group
Education and health services............ 35.46 24.61 10.85 2.50 .44 3.55 1.95 2.41
Educational services................... 43.70 30.08 13.62 2.68 .16 4.85 3.36 2.57
Elementary and secondary schools..... 43.40 29.63 13.77 2.25 .16 5.32 3.61 2.42
Junior colleges, colleges, and
universities....................... 47.06 32.59 14.47 3.80 .15 4.27 3.31 2.94
Health care and social assistance...... 29.94 20.95 8.99 2.38 .63 2.68 1.00 2.30
Hospitals............................ 38.97 25.95 13.02 3.41 1.10 4.11 1.63 2.76
Percent of total compensation
Civilian workers(1)............................ 100.0 69.2 30.8 6.9 2.4 9.0 4.6 7.8
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 69.5 30.5 8.0 2.4 8.2 5.3 6.6
Management, business, and financial.... 100.0 68.9 31.1 9.1 3.6 7.2 4.8 6.6
Professional and related............... 100.0 69.8 30.2 7.5 1.9 8.6 5.6 6.6
Teachers(2).......................... 100.0 71.0 29.0 4.9 .3 10.0 8.1 5.7
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers......... 100.0 69.9 30.1 4.4 .3 11.5 8.6 5.3
Registered nurses.................... 100.0 69.5 30.5 8.1 2.9 8.1 4.0 7.3
Sales and office......................... 100.0 70.3 29.7 6.4 2.0 10.0 3.4 7.9
Sales and related...................... 100.0 74.9 25.1 5.2 2.1 7.0 2.4 8.4
Office and administrative support...... 100.0 67.9 32.1 7.0 1.9 11.6 3.9 7.7
Service.................................. 100.0 70.9 29.1 5.4 1.9 8.4 4.0 9.4
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 100.0 66.9 33.1 5.5 2.9 9.1 5.9 9.8
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry(3).............. 100.0 66.4 33.6 4.3 3.0 8.6 6.9 10.7
Installation, maintenance, and repair.. 100.0 67.3 32.7 6.7 2.8 9.6 4.8 8.8
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 100.0 66.4 33.6 5.9 3.5 10.9 3.7 9.7
Production............................. 100.0 66.0 34.0 6.3 4.1 11.1 3.2 9.3
Transportation and material moving..... 100.0 66.8 33.2 5.5 2.8 10.8 4.2 10.0
Industry group
Education and health services............ 100.0 69.4 30.6 7.0 1.2 10.0 5.5 6.8
Educational services................... 100.0 68.8 31.2 6.1 .4 11.1 7.7 5.9
Elementary and secondary schools..... 100.0 68.3 31.7 5.2 .4 12.3 8.3 5.6
Junior colleges, colleges, and
universities....................... 100.0 69.3 30.7 8.1 .3 9.1 7.0 6.2
Health care and social assistance...... 100.0 70.0 30.0 7.9 2.1 9.0 3.3 7.7
Hospitals............................ 100.0 66.6 33.4 8.8 2.8 10.5 4.2 7.1
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy excluding households and the public sector excluding the Federal
government.
2 Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and
instructors.
3 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations were combined with construction and extraction occupational group as of
December 2006.
Table 3. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: State and local
government workers, by major occupational and industry group, September 2012
Occupational group(1) Industry group
Management, Sales
Compensation All professional, and Service Service-providin-
component workers and office g(2)
related
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $41.56 100.0 $50.43 100.0 $28.76 100.0 $31.38 100.0 $41.59 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 26.91 64.7 33.98 67.4 17.41 60.5 18.53 59.1 26.95 64.8
Total benefits............................... 14.65 35.3 16.45 32.6 11.35 39.5 12.84 40.9 14.64 35.2
Paid leave................................. 3.06 7.4 3.38 6.7 2.52 8.8 2.77 8.8 3.06 7.4
Vacation................................. 1.15 2.8 1.13 2.2 1.12 3.9 1.19 3.8 1.15 2.8
Holiday.................................. .89 2.2 .94 1.9 .79 2.7 .87 2.8 .89 2.1
Sick..................................... .79 1.9 1.00 2.0 .49 1.7 .56 1.8 .79 1.9
Personal................................. .23 .5 .31 .6 .12 .4 .14 .4 .23 .5
Supplemental pay........................... .34 .8 .24 .5 .19 .7 .58 1.9 .34 .8
Overtime and premium(3).................. .18 .4 .07 .1 .12 .4 .40 1.3 .18 .4
Shift differentials...................... .04 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .08 .3 .04 .1
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .11 .3 .14 .3 .06 .2 .10 .3 .11 .3
Insurance.................................. 5.02 12.1 5.58 11.1 4.45 15.5 4.11 13.1 5.03 12.1
Life..................................... .09 .2 .12 .2 .05 .2 .05 .2 .09 .2
Health................................... 4.86 11.7 5.38 10.7 4.34 15.1 4.01 12.8 4.87 11.7
Short-term disability.................... .03 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1 .03 .1
Long-term disability..................... .04 .1 .05 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .04 .1
Retirement and savings..................... 3.68 8.9 4.33 8.6 2.34 8.1 3.28 10.4 3.68 8.8
Defined benefit.......................... 3.36 8.1 3.91 7.8 2.10 7.3 3.08 9.8 3.35 8.1
Defined contribution..................... .32 .8 .42 .8 .24 .8 .20 .6 .32 .8
Legally required benefits.................. 2.54 6.1 2.92 5.8 1.85 6.4 2.11 6.7 2.54 6.1
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.90 4.6 2.31 4.6 1.36 4.7 1.35 4.3 1.89 4.6
Social Security(4)..................... 1.47 3.5 1.77 3.5 1.08 3.7 1.04 3.3 1.46 3.5
Medicare............................... .43 1.0 .53 1.1 .29 1.0 .31 1.0 .43 1.0
Federal unemployment insurance........... (5) (6) (5) (6) (5) (6) (5) (6) (5) (6)
State unemployment insurance............. .13 .3 .14 .3 .11 .4 .12 .4 .13 .3
Workers' compensation.................... .52 1.2 .48 .9 .37 1.3 .64 2.0 .52 1.2
1 This table presents data for the three major occupational groups in State and local government: management, professional, and related
occupations, including teachers; sales and office occupations, including clerical workers; and service occupations, including police and
firefighters.
2 Service-providing industries, which include health and educational services, employ a large part of the State and local government
workforce.
3 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
4 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
5 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
6 Less than .05 percent.
Table 4. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: State
and local government workers, by occupational and industry group, September 2012
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
State and local government workers............. $41.56 $26.91 $14.65 $3.06 $0.34 $5.02 $3.68 $2.54
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 50.43 33.98 16.45 3.38 .24 5.58 4.33 2.92
Professional and related............... 49.40 33.50 15.90 3.04 .23 5.55 4.28 2.80
Teachers(1).......................... 56.79 39.86 16.93 2.72 .14 6.03 4.96 3.10
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers......... 57.66 40.11 17.55 2.52 .16 6.71 5.20 2.97
Sales and office......................... 28.76 17.41 11.35 2.52 .19 4.45 2.34 1.85
Office and administrative support...... 28.97 17.48 11.49 2.55 .19 4.52 2.37 1.85
Service.................................. 31.38 18.53 12.84 2.77 .58 4.11 3.28 2.11
Industry group
Education and health services............ 43.45 29.22 14.23 2.71 .21 5.21 3.62 2.48
Educational services................... 44.64 30.28 14.36 2.62 .15 5.30 3.81 2.49
Elementary and secondary schools..... 44.14 29.95 14.19 2.27 .16 5.52 3.84 2.40
Junior colleges, colleges, and
universities....................... 46.45 31.47 14.98 3.80 .12 4.52 3.78 2.77
Health care and social assistance...... 35.98 22.60 13.38 3.28 .56 4.62 2.45 2.46
Hospitals............................ 38.93 24.38 14.55 3.62 .74 5.06 2.61 2.53
Public administration.................... 39.88 24.00 15.88 3.76 .57 4.88 4.01 2.67
Percent of total compensation
State and local government workers............. 100.0 64.7 35.3 7.4 0.8 12.1 8.9 6.1
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 67.4 32.6 6.7 .5 11.1 8.6 5.8
Professional and related............... 100.0 67.8 32.2 6.1 .5 11.2 8.7 5.7
Teachers(1).......................... 100.0 70.2 29.8 4.8 .2 10.6 8.7 5.5
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers......... 100.0 69.6 30.4 4.4 .3 11.6 9.0 5.1
Sales and office......................... 100.0 60.5 39.5 8.8 .7 15.5 8.1 6.4
Office and administrative support...... 100.0 60.3 39.7 8.8 .7 15.6 8.2 6.4
Service.................................. 100.0 59.1 40.9 8.8 1.9 13.1 10.4 6.7
Industry group
Education and health services............ 100.0 67.2 32.8 6.2 .5 12.0 8.3 5.7
Educational services................... 100.0 67.8 32.2 5.9 .3 11.9 8.5 5.6
Elementary and secondary schools..... 100.0 67.9 32.1 5.1 .4 12.5 8.7 5.4
Junior colleges, colleges, and
universities....................... 100.0 67.8 32.2 8.2 .3 9.7 8.1 6.0
Health care and social assistance...... 100.0 62.8 37.2 9.1 1.6 12.8 6.8 6.8
Hospitals............................ 100.0 62.6 37.4 9.3 1.9 13.0 6.7 6.5
Public administration.................... 100.0 60.2 39.8 9.4 1.4 12.2 10.0 6.7
1 Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and
instructors.
Table 5. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by major occupational group and bargaining unit status, September 2012
Occupational group Bargaining unit status
Management, Natural Production,
Compensation All professional, Sales resources, transportation,
component workers and and Service construction, and Union Nonunion
related office and material
maintenance moving
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $28.95 100.0 $51.40 100.0 $22.81 100.0 $14.13 100.0 $31.88 100.0 $24.30 100.0 $39.16 100.0 $27.90 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 20.36 70.3 36.12 70.3 16.29 71.4 10.64 75.3 21.57 67.7 16.23 66.8 23.51 60.0 20.04 71.8
Total benefits............................... 8.58 29.7 15.28 29.7 6.52 28.6 3.49 24.7 10.31 32.3 8.06 33.2 15.65 40.0 7.86 28.2
Paid leave................................. 1.98 6.8 4.38 8.5 1.40 6.1 .59 4.2 1.64 5.1 1.41 5.8 2.76 7.1 1.90 6.8
Vacation................................. 1.02 3.5 2.29 4.5 .70 3.1 .30 2.1 .84 2.6 .74 3.0 1.42 3.6 .98 3.5
Holiday.................................. .61 2.1 1.29 2.5 .44 1.9 .18 1.3 .55 1.7 .48 2.0 .81 2.1 .59 2.1
Sick..................................... .25 .9 .58 1.1 .18 .8 .08 .6 .16 .5 .14 .6 .39 1.0 .23 .8
Personal................................. .10 .3 .21 .4 .08 .3 .03 .2 .09 .3 .05 .2 .14 .4 .09 .3
Supplemental pay........................... .82 2.8 1.63 3.2 .48 2.1 .27 1.9 .96 3.0 .86 3.6 1.26 3.2 .78 2.8
Overtime and premium(1).................. .25 .9 .17 .3 .14 .6 .13 .9 .64 2.0 .51 2.1 .72 1.8 .20 .7
Shift differentials...................... .06 .2 .12 .2 .02 .1 .04 .3 .04 .1 .08 .3 .16 .4 .05 .2
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .51 1.8 1.34 2.6 .32 1.4 .09 .7 .27 .9 .27 1.1 .38 1.0 .52 1.9
Insurance.................................. 2.37 8.2 3.64 7.1 2.14 9.4 .94 6.7 2.76 8.6 2.59 10.7 5.38 13.7 2.06 7.4
Life..................................... .04 .1 .08 .1 .03 .1 (2) (3) .04 .1 .04 .2 .07 .2 .04 .1
Health................................... 2.24 7.7 3.38 6.6 2.05 9.0 .91 6.5 2.60 8.2 2.45 10.1 5.07 13.0 1.95 7.0
Short-term disability.................... .05 .2 .09 .2 .04 .2 (2) (3) .08 .2 .06 .2 .14 .4 .04 .1
Long-term disability..................... .04 .2 .10 .2 .03 .1 (2) (3) .03 .1 .05 .2 .09 .2 .04 .1
Retirement and savings..................... 1.03 3.6 2.10 4.1 .65 2.8 .22 1.6 1.74 5.5 .83 3.4 2.96 7.6 .84 3.0
Defined benefit.......................... .44 1.5 .73 1.4 .22 1.0 .09 .6 1.17 3.7 .46 1.9 2.18 5.6 .26 .9
Defined contribution..................... .60 2.1 1.37 2.7 .43 1.9 .13 .9 .58 1.8 .37 1.5 .78 2.0 .58 2.1
Legally required benefits.................. 2.38 8.2 3.53 6.9 1.85 8.1 1.47 10.4 3.21 10.1 2.38 9.8 3.28 8.4 2.29 8.2
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.70 5.9 2.94 5.7 1.36 6.0 .92 6.5 1.83 5.7 1.39 5.7 2.05 5.2 1.66 5.9
Social Security(4)..................... 1.36 4.7 2.33 4.5 1.10 4.8 .75 5.3 1.48 4.7 1.12 4.6 1.66 4.2 1.33 4.8
Medicare............................... .34 1.2 .61 1.2 .26 1.2 .17 1.2 .35 1.1 .27 1.1 .40 1.0 .33 1.2
Federal unemployment insurance........... .03 .1 .03 .1 .04 .2 .04 .3 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1
State unemployment insurance............. .23 .8 .23 .4 .22 1.0 .19 1.4 .29 .9 .26 1.1 .30 .8 .22 .8
Workers' compensation.................... .42 1.5 .34 .7 .24 1.0 .31 2.2 1.06 3.3 .69 2.8 .89 2.3 .37 1.3
1 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
2 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
3 Less than .05 percent.
4 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
Table 6. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by major industry group, September 2012
Goods-producing(1) Service-providing(2)
All Trade, Professional Education Leisure
Compensation All goods- Construction Manufacturing service- transportation, Information Financial and and and Other services
component producing(1) providing(2) and activities business health hospitality
utilities services services
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $34.03 100.0 $33.52 100.0 $33.30 100.0 $27.89 100.0 $24.41 100.0 $45.05 100.0 $40.15 100.0 $34.83 100.0 $30.84 100.0 $12.32 100.0 $25.76 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 22.72 66.8 23.30 69.5 21.88 65.7 19.87 71.3 17.24 70.6 29.77 66.1 27.09 67.5 25.13 72.2 21.95 71.2 9.82 79.7 18.78 72.9
Total benefits............................... 11.31 33.2 10.22 30.5 11.42 34.3 8.02 28.7 7.18 29.4 15.29 33.9 13.06 32.5 9.70 27.8 8.89 28.8 2.50 20.3 6.98 27.1
Paid leave................................. 2.20 6.5 1.40 4.2 2.47 7.4 1.93 6.9 1.44 5.9 3.98 8.8 3.31 8.2 2.58 7.4 2.38 7.7 .36 3.0 1.57 6.1
Vacation................................. 1.16 3.4 .73 2.2 1.30 3.9 .99 3.6 .76 3.1 2.06 4.6 1.69 4.2 1.32 3.8 1.22 3.9 .20 1.6 .75 2.9
Holiday.................................. .78 2.3 .51 1.5 .86 2.6 .58 2.1 .43 1.8 1.05 2.3 .98 2.4 .82 2.4 .67 2.2 .11 .9 .53 2.0
Sick..................................... .20 .6 .11 .3 .23 .7 .26 .9 .19 .8 .48 1.1 .46 1.2 .32 .9 .34 1.1 .03 .3 .23 .9
Personal................................. .07 .2 .05 .2 .08 .3 .10 .4 .06 .2 .39 .9 .18 .4 .11 .3 .15 .5 .02 .1 .07 .3
Supplemental pay........................... 1.33 3.9 .97 2.9 1.41 4.2 .72 2.6 .58 2.4 1.34 3.0 2.08 5.2 .93 2.7 .57 1.9 .12 1.0 .43 1.7
Overtime and premium(3).................. .55 1.6 .59 1.8 .52 1.6 .19 .7 .26 1.1 .27 .6 .15 .4 .18 .5 .22 .7 .07 .5 .12 .5
Shift differentials...................... .08 .2 (4) (5) .12 .4 .06 .2 .02 .1 .05 .1 .02 (5) .03 .1 .20 .7 (4) (5) (4) (5)
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .70 2.0 .37 1.1 .77 2.3 .47 1.7 .30 1.2 1.03 2.3 1.91 4.8 .72 2.1 .15 .5 .05 .4 .31 1.2
Insurance.................................. 3.22 9.5 2.56 7.6 3.47 10.4 2.19 7.9 2.16 8.8 4.29 9.5 3.36 8.4 2.40 6.9 2.60 8.4 .55 4.5 1.79 7.0
Life..................................... .06 .2 .04 .1 .06 .2 .04 .1 .03 .1 .06 .1 .05 .1 .05 .2 .03 .1 (4) (5) .03 .1
Health................................... 3.03 8.9 2.44 7.3 3.26 9.8 2.07 7.4 2.05 8.4 3.99 8.8 3.13 7.8 2.24 6.4 2.48 8.0 .53 4.3 1.71 6.7
Short-term disability.................... .08 .2 .05 .1 .09 .3 .04 .2 .03 .1 .18 .4 .11 .3 .06 .2 .03 .1 (4) (5) .02 .1
Long-term disability..................... .05 .1 .03 .1 .05 .2 .04 .2 .04 .2 .07 .2 .07 .2 .06 .2 .05 .2 (4) (5) .02 .1
Retirement and savings..................... 1.55 4.5 1.78 5.3 1.32 4.0 .93 3.3 .84 3.4 2.58 5.7 1.61 4.0 1.10 3.2 .98 3.2 .12 1.0 .95 3.7
Defined benefit.......................... .84 2.5 1.11 3.3 .64 1.9 .35 1.3 .41 1.7 1.51 3.3 .52 1.3 .35 1.0 .28 .9 .04 .3 .47 1.8
Defined contribution..................... .71 2.1 .67 2.0 .68 2.0 .57 2.1 .43 1.8 1.08 2.4 1.09 2.7 .75 2.1 .70 2.3 .08 .7 .48 1.9
Legally required benefits.................. 3.01 8.8 3.52 10.5 2.75 8.3 2.25 8.1 2.16 8.8 3.09 6.9 2.70 6.7 2.69 7.7 2.36 7.7 1.34 10.8 2.22 8.6
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.92 5.7 1.92 5.7 1.89 5.7 1.65 5.9 1.43 5.8 2.52 5.6 2.23 5.6 2.06 5.9 1.82 5.9 .86 7.0 1.56 6.0
Social Security(6)..................... 1.55 4.5 1.55 4.6 1.52 4.6 1.32 4.7 1.15 4.7 2.02 4.5 1.76 4.4 1.64 4.7 1.46 4.7 .69 5.6 1.25 4.9
Medicare............................... .38 1.1 .37 1.1 .37 1.1 .33 1.2 .28 1.1 .50 1.1 .47 1.2 .41 1.2 .36 1.2 .16 1.3 .30 1.2
Federal unemployment insurance........... .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .04 .2 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .04 .3 .03 .1
State unemployment insurance............. .31 .9 .37 1.1 .29 .9 .21 .8 .21 .9 .25 .5 .22 .6 .26 .8 .18 .6 .19 1.5 .25 1.0
Workers' compensation.................... .75 2.2 1.20 3.6 .55 1.6 .36 1.3 .48 2.0 .29 .6 .21 .5 .34 1.0 .34 1.1 .25 2.0 .38 1.5
1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
2 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste
services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
3 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
4 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
5 Less than .05 percent.
6 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
Table 7. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by census region and division, September 2012
Census region and division(1)
Northeast Northeast divisions South South divisions Midwest Midwest divisions West West divisions
Compensation
component
New England Middle Atlantic South Atlantic East South Central West South Central East North Central West North Central Mountain Pacific
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $33.18 100.0 $33.72 100.0 $32.98 100.0 $26.32 100.0 $26.48 100.0 $24.55 100.0 $26.78 100.0 28.15 100.0 27.96 100.0 28.57 100.0 30.14 100.0 27.93 100.0 31.13 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 22.91 69.1 23.56 69.9 22.68 68.8 18.85 71.6 19.10 72.2 17.31 70.5 19.06 71.2 19.58 69.6 19.25 68.8 20.32 71.1 21.28 70.6 19.99 71.6 21.86 70.2
Total benefits............................... 10.27 30.9 10.16 30.1 10.30 31.2 7.46 28.4 7.37 27.8 7.23 29.5 7.71 28.8 8.57 30.4 8.71 31.2 8.25 28.9 8.85 29.4 7.94 28.4 9.26 29.8
Paid leave................................. 2.47 7.4 2.47 7.3 2.47 7.5 1.73 6.6 1.77 6.7 1.59 6.5 1.73 6.4 1.86 6.6 1.83 6.6 1.91 6.7 2.05 6.8 1.92 6.9 2.10 6.8
Vacation................................. 1.23 3.7 1.27 3.8 1.22 3.7 .88 3.3 .90 3.4 .80 3.3 .86 3.2 1.01 3.6 .98 3.5 1.06 3.7 1.08 3.6 1.05 3.8 1.09 3.5
Holiday.................................. .75 2.3 .77 2.3 .74 2.3 .55 2.1 .56 2.1 .50 2.1 .56 2.1 .57 2.0 .57 2.0 .57 2.0 .62 2.1 .54 1.9 .66 2.1
Sick..................................... .34 1.0 .31 .9 .35 1.1 .22 .8 .22 .8 .19 .8 .21 .8 .20 .7 .19 .7 .22 .8 .27 .9 .24 .8 .28 .9
Personal................................. .15 .4 .12 .4 .16 .5 .09 .3 .09 .3 .09 .4 .09 .3 .09 .3 .09 .3 .07 .2 .08 .3 .10 .3 .08 .2
Supplemental pay........................... 1.01 3.0 .90 2.7 1.05 3.2 .78 3.0 .67 2.5 .72 2.9 1.00 3.7 .77 2.7 .84 3.0 .61 2.1 .78 2.6 .80 2.9 .76 2.5
Overtime and premium(2).................. .24 .7 .24 .7 .24 .7 .27 1.0 .23 .9 .30 1.2 .33 1.2 .26 .9 .27 1.0 .23 .8 .22 .7 .22 .8 .22 .7
Shift differentials...................... .08 .2 .08 .2 .07 .2 .06 .2 .06 .2 .07 .3 .05 .2 .07 .3 .08 .3 .05 .2 .05 .2 .04 .2 .05 .2
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .69 2.1 .57 1.7 .74 2.2 .45 1.7 .38 1.4 .36 1.5 .62 2.3 .43 1.5 .48 1.7 .33 1.1 .51 1.7 .53 1.9 .50 1.6
Insurance.................................. 2.84 8.6 2.85 8.4 2.83 8.6 2.00 7.6 1.98 7.5 2.04 8.3 2.01 7.5 2.55 9.1 2.63 9.4 2.40 8.4 2.34 7.8 1.96 7.0 2.51 8.1
Life..................................... .05 .1 .05 .1 .05 .1 .04 .1 .04 .1 .05 .2 .04 .2 .04 .1 .04 .1 .04 .2 .04 .1 .04 .1 .04 .1
Health................................... 2.66 8.0 2.68 8.0 2.65 8.0 1.88 7.1 1.87 7.0 1.91 7.8 1.89 7.1 2.41 8.6 2.49 8.9 2.25 7.9 2.23 7.4 1.85 6.6 2.39 7.7
Short-term disability.................... .08 .2 .06 .2 .08 .3 .04 .2 .04 .2 .04 .2 .04 .1 .05 .2 .06 .2 .04 .1 .04 .1 .03 .1 .04 .1
Long-term disability..................... .05 .2 .05 .2 .05 .2 .04 .1 .04 .1 .04 .2 .04 .1 .05 .2 .04 .2 .05 .2 .04 .1 .05 .2 .04 .1
Retirement and savings..................... 1.23 3.7 1.24 3.7 1.22 3.7 .84 3.2 .81 3.1 .85 3.5 .90 3.3 1.09 3.9 1.10 3.9 1.07 3.7 1.09 3.6 1.01 3.6 1.13 3.6
Defined benefit.......................... .50 1.5 .49 1.4 .51 1.5 .33 1.3 .29 1.1 .40 1.6 .37 1.4 .49 1.8 .55 2.0 .36 1.3 .48 1.6 .33 1.2 .55 1.8
Defined contribution..................... .73 2.2 .75 2.2 .72 2.2 .51 1.9 .52 2.0 .45 1.8 .52 1.9 .60 2.1 .55 2.0 .70 2.5 .61 2.0 .68 2.4 .58 1.9
Legally required benefits.................. 2.72 8.2 2.71 8.0 2.73 8.3 2.11 8.0 2.14 8.1 2.03 8.3 2.09 7.8 2.30 8.2 2.32 8.3 2.26 7.9 2.59 8.6 2.24 8.0 2.75 8.8
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.91 5.7 1.96 5.8 1.89 5.7 1.58 6.0 1.59 6.0 1.49 6.1 1.59 6.0 1.63 5.8 1.62 5.8 1.64 5.8 1.76 5.9 1.64 5.9 1.82 5.8
Social Security(3)..................... 1.52 4.6 1.57 4.7 1.51 4.6 1.27 4.8 1.28 4.8 1.20 4.9 1.28 4.8 1.31 4.6 1.30 4.7 1.31 4.6 1.41 4.7 1.31 4.7 1.46 4.7
Medicare............................... .38 1.2 .39 1.2 .38 1.2 .31 1.2 .31 1.2 .28 1.2 .32 1.2 .32 1.1 .32 1.1 .33 1.2 .35 1.2 .33 1.2 .36 1.1
Federal unemployment insurance........... .03 .1 .03 .1 .04 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .04 .1 .04 .2 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1
State unemployment insurance............. .32 1.0 .33 1.0 .31 1.0 .16 .6 .17 .6 .15 .6 .16 .6 .24 .9 .25 .9 .22 .8 .24 .8 .19 .7 .27 .9
Workers' compensation.................... .46 1.4 .39 1.2 .49 1.5 .34 1.3 .34 1.3 .37 1.5 .31 1.2 .39 1.4 .40 1.4 .36 1.3 .56 1.8 .39 1.4 .63 2.0
1 The States that comprise the census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South
Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska,
North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
2 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
3 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
Table 8. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by establishment employment
size, September 2012
1-99 workers 100 workers or more
Compensation
component 1-99 workers 1-49 workers 50-99 workers 100 workers or more 100-499 workers 500 workers or more
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $23.91 100.0 $22.94 100.0 $26.84 100.0 $34.90 100.0 $29.31 100.0 $42.74 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 17.64 73.8 17.15 74.8 19.13 71.3 23.58 67.6 20.36 69.5 28.08 65.7
Total benefits............................... 6.27 26.2 5.79 25.2 7.71 28.7 11.32 32.4 8.94 30.5 14.66 34.3
Paid leave................................. 1.36 5.7 1.23 5.4 1.74 6.5 2.70 7.8 2.03 6.9 3.65 8.5
Vacation................................. .68 2.9 .62 2.7 .89 3.3 1.42 4.1 1.06 3.6 1.93 4.5
Holiday.................................. .45 1.9 .41 1.8 .55 2.0 .80 2.3 .63 2.1 1.05 2.5
Sick..................................... .16 .7 .15 .6 .21 .8 .35 1.0 .24 .8 .50 1.2
Personal................................. .07 .3 .06 .3 .10 .4 .13 .4 .10 .3 .18 .4
Supplemental pay........................... .52 2.2 .47 2.0 .67 2.5 1.18 3.4 .75 2.6 1.78 4.2
Overtime and premium(1).................. .18 .8 .16 .7 .25 .9 .33 1.0 .30 1.0 .38 .9
Shift differentials...................... (2) (3) (2) (3) .03 .1 .12 .3 .06 .2 .20 .5
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .32 1.4 .30 1.3 .39 1.5 .73 2.1 .39 1.3 1.20 2.8
Insurance.................................. 1.63 6.8 1.48 6.5 2.09 7.8 3.24 9.3 2.67 9.1 4.05 9.5
Life..................................... .03 .1 .02 .1 .04 .1 .05 .2 .05 .2 .06 .1
Health................................... 1.55 6.5 1.41 6.2 1.98 7.4 3.04 8.7 2.52 8.6 3.78 8.8
Short-term disability.................... .03 .1 .02 .1 .04 .2 .08 .2 .06 .2 .10 .2
Long-term disability..................... .02 .1 .02 .1 .03 .1 .07 .2 .04 .1 .10 .2
Retirement and savings..................... .60 2.5 .51 2.2 .87 3.2 1.54 4.4 1.12 3.8 2.13 5.0
Defined benefit.......................... .22 .9 .19 .8 .32 1.2 .69 2.0 .46 1.6 1.01 2.4
Defined contribution..................... .38 1.6 .33 1.4 .54 2.0 .85 2.4 .66 2.2 1.12 2.6
Legally required benefits.................. 2.15 9.0 2.09 9.1 2.34 8.7 2.65 7.6 2.37 8.1 3.05 7.1
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.46 6.1 1.42 6.2 1.59 5.9 1.97 5.7 1.68 5.7 2.38 5.6
Social Security(4)..................... 1.17 4.9 1.14 5.0 1.28 4.8 1.58 4.5 1.35 4.6 1.90 4.4
Medicare............................... .28 1.2 .28 1.2 .31 1.2 .40 1.1 .33 1.1 .48 1.1
Federal unemployment insurance........... .04 .2 .04 .2 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1
State unemployment insurance............. .23 1.0 .23 1.0 .24 .9 .23 .7 .23 .8 .22 .5
Workers' compensation.................... .43 1.8 .41 1.8 .48 1.8 .42 1.2 .42 1.4 .41 1.0
1 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
2 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
3 Less than .05 percent.
4 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
Table 9. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private
industry workers, goods-producing and service-providing industries, by occupational group, September 2012
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
All workers in private industry...................... $28.95 $20.36 $8.58 $1.98 $0.82 $2.37 $1.03 $2.38
Management, professional, and related.......... 51.40 36.12 15.28 4.38 1.63 3.64 2.10 3.53
Management, business, and financial.......... 58.71 40.81 17.90 5.29 2.37 3.90 2.47 3.86
Professional and related..................... 47.66 33.72 13.94 3.91 1.25 3.50 1.91 3.36
Sales and office............................... 22.81 16.29 6.52 1.40 .48 2.14 .65 1.85
Sales and related............................ 21.75 16.31 5.44 1.12 .46 1.52 .50 1.83
Office and administrative support............ 23.52 16.28 7.23 1.58 .49 2.55 .75 1.86
Service........................................ 14.13 10.64 3.49 .59 .27 .94 .22 1.47
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 31.88 21.57 10.31 1.64 .96 2.76 1.74 3.21
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing,
and forestry(1)............................. 31.98 21.53 10.45 1.21 1.00 2.59 2.09 3.57
Installation, maintenance, and repair........ 31.78 21.60 10.17 2.04 .92 2.92 1.42 2.88
Production, transportation, and material moving 24.30 16.23 8.06 1.41 .86 2.59 .83 2.38
Production................................... 24.92 16.49 8.42 1.55 1.04 2.74 .76 2.34
Transportation and material moving........... 23.68 15.98 7.71 1.27 .69 2.44 .90 2.42
All workers, goods-producing industries(2)....... 34.03 22.72 11.31 2.20 1.33 3.22 1.55 3.01
Management, professional, and related.......... 61.96 42.05 19.91 5.42 2.62 4.53 3.17 4.18
Sales and office............................... 27.92 19.62 8.31 1.84 .62 2.71 .81 2.33
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 32.78 21.92 10.86 1.35 1.10 2.86 2.02 3.53
Production, transportation, and material moving 26.20 16.99 9.21 1.64 1.17 3.10 .85 2.45
All workers, service-providing industries(3)..... 27.89 19.87 8.02 1.93 .72 2.19 .93 2.25
Management, professional, and related.......... 50.02 35.35 14.68 4.24 1.50 3.52 1.96 3.45
Sales and office............................... 22.45 16.06 6.39 1.37 .47 2.10 .64 1.81
Service........................................ 14.03 10.59 3.44 .58 .26 .93 .21 1.46
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 30.76 21.13 9.63 2.00 .79 2.62 1.40 2.83
Production, transportation, and material moving 22.70 15.60 7.10 1.22 .60 2.17 .81 2.31
Percent of total compensation
All workers in private industry...................... 100.0 70.3 29.7 6.8 2.8 8.2 3.6 8.2
Management, professional, and related.......... 100.0 70.3 29.7 8.5 3.2 7.1 4.1 6.9
Management, business, and financial.......... 100.0 69.5 30.5 9.0 4.0 6.6 4.2 6.6
Professional and related..................... 100.0 70.8 29.2 8.2 2.6 7.3 4.0 7.1
Sales and office............................... 100.0 71.4 28.6 6.1 2.1 9.4 2.8 8.1
Sales and related............................ 100.0 75.0 25.0 5.2 2.1 7.0 2.3 8.4
Office and administrative support............ 100.0 69.2 30.8 6.7 2.1 10.9 3.2 7.9
Service........................................ 100.0 75.3 24.7 4.2 1.9 6.7 1.6 10.4
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 100.0 67.7 32.3 5.1 3.0 8.6 5.5 10.1
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing,
and forestry(1)............................. 100.0 67.3 32.7 3.8 3.1 8.1 6.5 11.2
Installation, maintenance, and repair........ 100.0 68.0 32.0 6.4 2.9 9.2 4.5 9.1
Production, transportation, and material moving 100.0 66.8 33.2 5.8 3.6 10.7 3.4 9.8
Production................................... 100.0 66.2 33.8 6.2 4.2 11.0 3.0 9.4
Transportation and material moving........... 100.0 67.5 32.5 5.3 2.9 10.3 3.8 10.2
All workers, goods-producing industries(2)....... 100.0 66.8 33.2 6.5 3.9 9.5 4.5 8.8
Management, professional, and related.......... 100.0 67.9 32.1 8.7 4.2 7.3 5.1 6.8
Sales and office............................... 100.0 70.2 29.8 6.6 2.2 9.7 2.9 8.3
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 100.0 66.9 33.1 4.1 3.3 8.7 6.2 10.8
Production, transportation, and material moving 100.0 64.8 35.2 6.2 4.5 11.8 3.3 9.4
All workers, service-providing industries(3)..... 100.0 71.3 28.7 6.9 2.6 7.9 3.3 8.1
Management, professional, and related.......... 100.0 70.7 29.3 8.5 3.0 7.0 3.9 6.9
Sales and office............................... 100.0 71.5 28.5 6.1 2.1 9.4 2.8 8.1
Service........................................ 100.0 75.5 24.5 4.2 1.9 6.6 1.5 10.4
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 100.0 68.7 31.3 6.5 2.6 8.5 4.5 9.2
Production, transportation, and material moving 100.0 68.7 31.3 5.4 2.7 9.5 3.6 10.2
1 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations were combined with construction and extraction occupational group as of
December 2006.
2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
3 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance;
real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises;
administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and
recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
Table 10. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private
industry workers, by industry group, September 2012
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
All workers, goods-producing industries(1)....... $34.03 $22.72 $11.31 $2.20 $1.33 $3.22 $1.55 $3.01
Construction................................... 33.52 23.30 10.22 1.40 .97 2.56 1.78 3.52
Manufacturing.................................. 33.30 21.88 11.42 2.47 1.41 3.47 1.32 2.75
Aircraft manufacturing(2).................... 65.78 40.60 25.19 6.04 3.55 6.46 4.94 4.19
All workers, service-providing industries(3)..... 27.89 19.87 8.02 1.93 .72 2.19 .93 2.25
Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 24.41 17.24 7.18 1.44 .58 2.16 .84 2.16
Wholesale trade.............................. 31.35 22.15 9.19 2.11 .96 2.54 .95 2.63
Retail trade................................. 17.74 13.32 4.43 .79 .27 1.37 .36 1.64
Transportation and warehousing............... 34.62 22.46 12.16 2.40 1.02 4.01 1.60 3.13
Utilities.................................... 59.06 35.86 23.20 5.14 2.02 5.44 6.63 3.97
Information.................................... 45.05 29.77 15.29 3.98 1.34 4.29 2.58 3.09
Financial activities........................... 40.15 27.09 13.06 3.31 2.08 3.36 1.61 2.70
Finance and insurance........................ 43.16 28.77 14.39 3.70 2.43 3.65 1.86 2.74
Credit intermediation and related
activities................................ 36.96 24.81 12.14 3.23 1.61 3.30 1.57 2.43
Insurance carriers and related activities.. 41.16 27.65 13.51 3.54 1.41 3.82 1.97 2.77
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 30.25 21.55 8.70 2.04 .92 2.38 .79 2.57
Professional and business services............. 34.83 25.13 9.70 2.58 .93 2.40 1.10 2.69
Professional and technical services.......... 44.99 32.44 12.55 3.72 1.18 2.99 1.47 3.18
Administrative and waste services............ 22.40 16.75 5.65 1.14 .48 1.47 .46 2.10
Education and health services.................. 30.84 21.95 8.89 2.38 .57 2.60 .98 2.36
Educational services......................... 40.19 29.32 10.86 2.91 .19 3.18 1.70 2.88
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 48.13 34.56 13.57 3.79 .21 3.85 2.47 3.25
Health care and social assistance............ 29.39 20.80 8.59 2.30 .63 2.51 .87 2.28
Leisure and hospitality........................ 12.32 9.82 2.50 .36 .12 .55 .12 1.34
Accommodation and food services.............. 11.20 9.03 2.17 .27 .11 .45 .09 1.25
Other services................................. 25.76 18.78 6.98 1.57 .43 1.79 .95 2.22
Percent of total compensation
All workers, goods-producing industries(1)....... 100.0 66.8 33.2 6.5 3.9 9.5 4.5 8.8
Construction................................... 100.0 69.5 30.5 4.2 2.9 7.6 5.3 10.5
Manufacturing.................................. 100.0 65.7 34.3 7.4 4.2 10.4 4.0 8.3
Aircraft manufacturing(2).................... 100.0 61.7 38.3 9.2 5.4 9.8 7.5 6.4
All workers, service-providing industries(3)..... 100.0 71.3 28.7 6.9 2.6 7.9 3.3 8.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 100.0 70.6 29.4 5.9 2.4 8.8 3.4 8.8
Wholesale trade.............................. 100.0 70.7 29.3 6.7 3.0 8.1 3.0 8.4
Retail trade................................. 100.0 75.1 24.9 4.5 1.5 7.7 2.0 9.3
Transportation and warehousing............... 100.0 64.9 35.1 6.9 3.0 11.6 4.6 9.0
Utilities.................................... 100.0 60.7 39.3 8.7 3.4 9.2 11.2 6.7
Information.................................... 100.0 66.1 33.9 8.8 3.0 9.5 5.7 6.9
Financial activities........................... 100.0 67.5 32.5 8.2 5.2 8.4 4.0 6.7
Finance and insurance........................ 100.0 66.7 33.3 8.6 5.6 8.5 4.3 6.4
Credit intermediation and related
activities................................ 100.0 67.1 32.9 8.7 4.4 8.9 4.3 6.6
Insurance carriers and related activities.. 100.0 67.2 32.8 8.6 3.4 9.3 4.8 6.7
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 100.0 71.3 28.7 6.7 3.0 7.9 2.6 8.5
Professional and business services............. 100.0 72.2 27.8 7.4 2.7 6.9 3.2 7.7
Professional and technical services.......... 100.0 72.1 27.9 8.3 2.6 6.6 3.3 7.1
Administrative and waste services............ 100.0 74.8 25.2 5.1 2.2 6.6 2.1 9.4
Education and health services.................. 100.0 71.2 28.8 7.7 1.9 8.4 3.2 7.7
Educational services......................... 100.0 73.0 27.0 7.2 .5 7.9 4.2 7.2
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 100.0 71.8 28.2 7.9 .4 8.0 5.1 6.7
Health care and social assistance............ 100.0 70.8 29.2 7.8 2.2 8.5 3.0 7.8
Leisure and hospitality........................ 100.0 79.7 20.3 3.0 1.0 4.5 1.0 10.8
Accommodation and food services.............. 100.0 80.6 19.4 2.4 1.0 4.0 .8 11.2
Other services................................. 100.0 72.9 27.1 6.1 1.7 7.0 3.7 8.6
1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
2 Data are available beginning with December 2006.
3 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance;
real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises;
administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and
recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
Table 11. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private
industry workers, by occupational group and full-time and part-time status, September 2012
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
All full-time workers in private industry.......... $33.65 $23.22 $10.43 $2.51 $1.04 $2.93 $1.31 $2.63
Management, professional, and related.......... 53.52 37.20 16.32 4.76 1.77 3.90 2.29 3.59
Management, business, and financial.......... 59.29 41.11 18.19 5.39 2.41 3.98 2.52 3.87
Professional and related..................... 50.06 34.87 15.20 4.38 1.39 3.86 2.15 3.42
Sales and office............................... 26.59 18.56 8.03 1.85 .64 2.70 .83 2.02
Sales and related............................ 28.85 21.15 7.70 1.82 .74 2.20 .75 2.19
Office and administrative support............ 25.52 17.34 8.19 1.86 .58 2.93 .87 1.94
Service........................................ 17.26 12.31 4.94 .99 .43 1.56 .36 1.61
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 32.56 21.94 10.62 1.72 .99 2.86 1.82 3.23
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing,
and forestry(1)............................. 32.65 21.91 10.74 1.27 1.03 2.70 2.17 3.58
Installation, maintenance, and repair........ 32.47 21.98 10.50 2.15 .96 3.02 1.48 2.89
Production, transportation, and material moving 26.28 17.40 8.88 1.62 .99 2.85 .94 2.48
Production................................... 25.80 16.94 8.86 1.65 1.10 2.91 .82 2.38
Transportation and material moving........... 26.88 17.96 8.91 1.59 .84 2.77 1.10 2.62
All part-time workers in private industry.......... 15.42 12.13 3.29 .43 .19 .77 .23 1.66
Management, professional, and related.......... 35.93 28.22 7.71 1.62 .60 1.68 .71 3.10
Professional and related..................... 35.82 28.08 7.74 1.63 .57 1.74 .73 3.07
Sales and office............................... 13.76 10.86 2.90 .33 .11 .81 .21 1.44
Sales and related............................ 12.34 9.90 2.44 .21 .09 .62 .17 1.35
Office and administrative support............ 15.73 12.19 3.54 .50 .13 1.08 .27 1.56
Service........................................ 11.02 8.97 2.05 .20 .12 .33 .08 1.33
Production, transportation, and material moving 14.93 10.74 4.19 .38 .27 1.36 .30 1.87
Transportation and material moving........... 15.10 10.63 4.47 .40 .27 1.56 .36 1.88
Percent of total compensation
All full-time workers in private industry.......... 100.0 69.0 31.0 7.5 3.1 8.7 3.9 7.8
Management, professional, and related.......... 100.0 69.5 30.5 8.9 3.3 7.3 4.3 6.7
Management, business, and financial.......... 100.0 69.3 30.7 9.1 4.1 6.7 4.3 6.5
Professional and related..................... 100.0 69.6 30.4 8.7 2.8 7.7 4.3 6.8
Sales and office............................... 100.0 69.8 30.2 6.9 2.4 10.1 3.1 7.6
Sales and related............................ 100.0 73.3 26.7 6.3 2.6 7.6 2.6 7.6
Office and administrative support............ 100.0 67.9 32.1 7.3 2.3 11.5 3.4 7.6
Service........................................ 100.0 71.4 28.6 5.7 2.5 9.0 2.1 9.3
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 100.0 67.4 32.6 5.3 3.1 8.8 5.6 9.9
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing,
and forestry(1)............................. 100.0 67.1 32.9 3.9 3.1 8.3 6.6 11.0
Installation, maintenance, and repair........ 100.0 67.7 32.3 6.6 3.0 9.3 4.5 8.9
Production, transportation, and material moving 100.0 66.2 33.8 6.2 3.8 10.8 3.6 9.4
Production................................... 100.0 65.7 34.3 6.4 4.3 11.3 3.2 9.2
Transportation and material moving........... 100.0 66.8 33.2 5.9 3.1 10.3 4.1 9.7
All part-time workers in private industry.......... 100.0 78.7 21.3 2.8 1.2 5.0 1.5 10.8
Management, professional, and related.......... 100.0 78.5 21.5 4.5 1.7 4.7 2.0 8.6
Professional and related..................... 100.0 78.4 21.6 4.6 1.6 4.9 2.0 8.6
Sales and office............................... 100.0 78.9 21.1 2.4 .8 5.9 1.6 10.4
Sales and related............................ 100.0 80.2 19.8 1.7 .7 5.0 1.4 10.9
Office and administrative support............ 100.0 77.5 22.5 3.2 .8 6.9 1.7 9.9
Service........................................ 100.0 81.4 18.6 1.8 1.0 3.0 .7 12.0
Production, transportation, and material moving 100.0 71.9 28.1 2.6 1.8 9.1 2.0 12.5
Transportation and material moving........... 100.0 70.4 29.6 2.7 1.8 10.3 2.4 12.5
1 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations were combined with construction and extraction occupational group as of
December 2006.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 12. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation:
Private industry workers, by industry group and full-time and part-time status, September 2012
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
All full-time workers in private industry.... $33.65 $23.22 $10.43 $2.51 $1.04 $2.93 $1.31 $2.63
Goods-producing(1)......................... 34.65 23.05 11.59 2.27 1.37 3.33 1.60 3.03
Construction............................. 34.18 23.68 10.50 1.45 1.01 2.67 1.84 3.53
Manufacturing............................ 33.89 22.20 11.70 2.54 1.44 3.57 1.36 2.78
Service-providing(2)....................... 33.36 23.27 10.09 2.58 .95 2.81 1.23 2.52
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 29.73 20.63 9.10 2.01 .79 2.70 1.12 2.47
Information.............................. 48.81 32.01 16.80 4.40 1.49 4.73 2.89 3.29
Financial activities..................... 42.14 28.28 13.85 3.55 2.24 3.56 1.73 2.77
Professional and business services....... 38.96 27.79 11.17 3.09 1.09 2.79 1.32 2.88
Education and health services............ 32.75 22.84 9.91 2.77 .62 3.00 1.13 2.39
Leisure and hospitality.................. 15.97 12.05 3.93 .78 .26 1.15 .24 1.49
Other services........................... 30.58 21.40 9.19 2.19 .61 2.55 1.39 2.45
All part-time workers in private industry.... 15.42 12.13 3.29 .43 .19 .77 .23 1.66
Service-providing(2)....................... 15.36 12.09 3.27 .43 .19 .78 .23 1.64
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 14.07 10.63 3.45 .33 .17 1.10 .30 1.54
Professional and business services....... 17.44 13.94 3.49 .41 .25 .77 .18 1.88
Education and health services............ 25.09 19.26 5.83 1.19 .44 1.39 .52 2.28
Leisure and hospitality.................. 9.86 8.33 1.54 .08 .03 .15 .04 1.23
Percent of total compensation
All full-time workers in private industry.... 100.0 69.0 31.0 7.5 3.1 8.7 3.9 7.8
Goods-producing(1)......................... 100.0 66.5 33.5 6.6 4.0 9.6 4.6 8.7
Construction............................. 100.0 69.3 30.7 4.2 3.0 7.8 5.4 10.3
Manufacturing............................ 100.0 65.5 34.5 7.5 4.3 10.5 4.0 8.2
Service-providing(2)....................... 100.0 69.8 30.2 7.7 2.8 8.4 3.7 7.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 100.0 69.4 30.6 6.8 2.7 9.1 3.8 8.3
Information.............................. 100.0 65.6 34.4 9.0 3.1 9.7 5.9 6.7
Financial activities..................... 100.0 67.1 32.9 8.4 5.3 8.4 4.1 6.6
Professional and business services....... 100.0 71.3 28.7 7.9 2.8 7.2 3.4 7.4
Education and health services............ 100.0 69.7 30.3 8.5 1.9 9.1 3.5 7.3
Leisure and hospitality.................. 100.0 75.4 24.6 4.9 1.6 7.2 1.5 9.4
Other services........................... 100.0 70.0 30.0 7.2 2.0 8.3 4.5 8.0
All part-time workers in private industry.... 100.0 78.7 21.3 2.8 1.2 5.0 1.5 10.8
Service-providing(2)....................... 100.0 78.7 21.3 2.8 1.2 5.1 1.5 10.7
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 100.0 75.5 24.5 2.3 1.2 7.8 2.1 11.0
Professional and business services....... 100.0 80.0 20.0 2.4 1.4 4.4 1.0 10.8
Education and health services............ 100.0 76.8 23.2 4.7 1.8 5.5 2.1 9.1
Leisure and hospitality.................. 100.0 84.4 15.6 .9 .3 1.5 .4 12.5
1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is
excluded.
2 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and
insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and
enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts,
entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
Table 13. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation:
Private industry workers, by major industry group and establishment employment size and bargaining unit status,
September 2012
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
All workers, goods-producing industries(1) $34.03 $22.72 $11.31 $2.20 $1.33 $3.22 $1.55 $3.01
1-99 workers............................... 28.54 20.18 8.36 1.41 .80 2.27 .94 2.94
1-49 workers............................. 26.78 19.34 7.45 1.24 .69 1.92 .74 2.85
50-99 workers............................ 32.62 22.15 10.47 1.82 1.05 3.07 1.40 3.14
100 workers or more........................ 38.90 24.97 13.93 2.90 1.80 4.07 2.09 3.07
100-499 workers.......................... 33.72 22.11 11.60 2.25 1.22 3.68 1.59 2.87
500 workers or more...................... 45.78 28.76 17.02 3.77 2.57 4.59 2.75 3.34
Union...................................... 40.65 23.84 16.81 2.28 1.72 5.53 3.66 3.63
Nonunion................................... 32.48 22.46 10.02 2.18 1.24 2.68 1.05 2.87
All workers, service-providing
industries(2)............................. 27.89 19.87 8.02 1.93 .72 2.19 .93 2.25
1-99 workers............................... 23.09 17.19 5.90 1.35 .47 1.52 .54 2.01
1-49 workers............................. 22.32 16.80 5.53 1.23 .43 1.41 .48 1.97
50-99 workers............................ 25.56 18.46 7.09 1.72 .59 1.87 .75 2.16
100 workers or more........................ 33.91 23.23 10.67 2.66 1.03 3.04 1.41 2.55
100-499 workers.......................... 28.25 19.94 8.30 1.98 .64 2.43 1.01 2.25
500 workers or more...................... 41.96 27.91 14.05 3.62 1.57 3.91 1.97 2.97
Union...................................... 38.35 23.33 15.02 3.02 1.01 5.30 2.58 3.10
Nonunion................................... 27.06 19.60 7.47 1.84 .69 1.95 .80 2.18
Percent of total compensation
All workers, goods-producing industries(1) 100.0 66.8 33.2 6.5 3.9 9.5 4.5 8.8
1-99 workers............................... 100.0 70.7 29.3 5.0 2.8 7.9 3.3 10.3
1-49 workers............................. 100.0 72.2 27.8 4.6 2.6 7.2 2.8 10.7
50-99 workers............................ 100.0 67.9 32.1 5.6 3.2 9.4 4.3 9.6
100 workers or more........................ 100.0 64.2 35.8 7.5 4.6 10.5 5.4 7.9
100-499 workers.......................... 100.0 65.6 34.4 6.7 3.6 10.9 4.7 8.5
500 workers or more...................... 100.0 62.8 37.2 8.2 5.6 10.0 6.0 7.3
Union...................................... 100.0 58.6 41.4 5.6 4.2 13.6 9.0 8.9
Nonunion................................... 100.0 69.1 30.9 6.7 3.8 8.3 3.2 8.8
All workers, service-providing
industries(2)............................. 100.0 71.3 28.7 6.9 2.6 7.9 3.3 8.1
1-99 workers............................... 100.0 74.5 25.5 5.8 2.0 6.6 2.4 8.7
1-49 workers............................. 100.0 75.2 24.8 5.5 1.9 6.3 2.1 8.8
50-99 workers............................ 100.0 72.2 27.8 6.7 2.3 7.3 2.9 8.4
100 workers or more........................ 100.0 68.5 31.5 7.8 3.0 9.0 4.1 7.5
100-499 workers.......................... 100.0 70.6 29.4 7.0 2.3 8.6 3.6 8.0
500 workers or more...................... 100.0 66.5 33.5 8.6 3.7 9.3 4.7 7.1
Union...................................... 100.0 60.8 39.2 7.9 2.6 13.8 6.7 8.1
Nonunion................................... 100.0 72.4 27.6 6.8 2.6 7.2 2.9 8.1
1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is
excluded.
2 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and
insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and
enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts,
entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
Table 14. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation:
Private industry health care and social assistance workers, by industry and occupational group, September 2012
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
Health care and social assistance............ $29.39 $20.80 $8.59 $2.30 $0.63 $2.51 $0.87 $2.28
Management, professional, and related.... 42.52 30.07 12.45 3.64 .93 3.37 1.47 3.04
Registered nurses...................... 49.22 34.19 15.03 4.06 1.55 3.96 1.84 3.62
Sales and office......................... 22.39 15.64 6.75 1.60 .34 2.50 .55 1.76
Service.................................. 17.09 12.22 4.87 1.02 .43 1.50 .30 1.62
Hospitals.................................. 38.97 26.24 12.74 3.37 1.17 3.93 1.45 2.81
Management, professional, and related.... 47.47 32.49 14.98 4.24 1.43 4.17 1.78 3.36
Registered nurses...................... 50.15 34.20 15.95 4.36 1.77 4.28 1.91 3.63
Service.................................. 21.91 13.75 8.16 1.59 .79 3.28 .76 1.74
Nursing and residential care facilities.... 21.08 15.33 5.75 1.40 .42 1.69 .29 1.96
Management, professional, and related.... 32.33 23.87 8.46 2.35 .60 2.24 .51 2.75
Service.................................. 15.57 11.16 4.41 .91 .36 1.39 .17 1.57
Nursing care facilities(1)............... 22.67 16.53 6.15 1.54 .50 1.74 .28 2.09
Management, professional, and related.... 34.88 26.00 8.89 2.54 .69 2.18 .48 2.99
Service.................................. 16.13 11.48 4.65 .97 .43 1.47 .16 1.62
Percent of total compensation
Health care and social assistance............ 100.0 70.8 29.2 7.8 2.2 8.5 3.0 7.8
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 70.7 29.3 8.6 2.2 7.9 3.5 7.1
Registered nurses...................... 100.0 69.5 30.5 8.3 3.2 8.0 3.7 7.3
Sales and office......................... 100.0 69.9 30.1 7.1 1.5 11.2 2.5 7.9
Service.................................. 100.0 71.5 28.5 5.9 2.5 8.8 1.8 9.5
Hospitals.................................. 100.0 67.3 32.7 8.7 3.0 10.1 3.7 7.2
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 68.4 31.6 8.9 3.0 8.8 3.8 7.1
Registered nurses...................... 100.0 68.2 31.8 8.7 3.5 8.5 3.8 7.2
Service.................................. 100.0 62.7 37.3 7.2 3.6 15.0 3.5 8.0
Nursing and residential care facilities.... 100.0 72.7 27.3 6.6 2.0 8.0 1.4 9.3
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 73.8 26.2 7.3 1.9 6.9 1.6 8.5
Service.................................. 100.0 71.7 28.3 5.8 2.3 9.0 1.1 10.1
Nursing care facilities(1)............... 100.0 72.9 27.1 6.8 2.2 7.7 1.2 9.2
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 74.5 25.5 7.3 2.0 6.3 1.4 8.6
Service.................................. 100.0 71.2 28.8 6.0 2.7 9.1 1.0 10.0
1 Data are available beginning with December 2006.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
United States Department of Labor
