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Economic News Release
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Employment Cost Index News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                                    USDL-24-2232
8:30 a.m. (ET) Thursday, October 31, 2024

Technical information: (202) 691-6199  •  ncsinfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/eci
Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  •  pressoffice@bls.gov

                                  EMPLOYMENT COST INDEX – SEPTEMBER 2024

Compensation costs for civilian workers increased 0.8 percent, seasonally adjusted, for the 3-month period 
ending in September 2024, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Wages and salaries increased 
0.8 percent and benefit costs increased 0.8 percent from June 2024. (See tables A, 1, 2, and 3.)

Compensation costs for civilian workers increased 3.9 percent for the 12-month period ending in September 
2024 and increased 4.3 percent in September 2023. Wages and salaries increased 3.9 percent for the 12-month
period ending in September 2024 and increased 4.6 percent for the 12-month period ending in September 2023.
Benefit costs increased 3.7 percent over the year and increased 4.1 percent for the 12-month period ending 
in September 2023. (See tables A, 4, 8, and 12.)

Compensation costs for private industry workers increased 3.6 percent over the year. In September 2023, the
increase was 4.3 percent. Wages and salaries increased 3.8 percent for the 12-month period ending in 
September 2024 and increased 4.5 percent in September 2023. The cost of benefits increased 3.3 percent for
the 12-month period ending in September 2024 and increased 3.9 percent in September 2023. 
Inflation-adjusted (constant dollar) wages and salaries increased 1.2 percent for the 12 months ending 
September 2024. (See tables A, 5, 9, and 12.) 

Within private industry by bargaining status, compensation costs increased 5.8 percent for union workers 
and 3.4 percent for non-union workers for the 12-month period ending in September 2024. Wages and salaries 
increased 6.4 percent for union workers and 3.6 percent for non-union workers for the 12-month period 
ending in September 2024. Benefit costs increased 4.9 percent for union workers and 3.1 percent for 
non-union workers for the period ending in September 2024. (See tables 6, 10, and 12.)

Compensation costs for state and local government workers increased 4.7 percent for the 12-month period 
ending in September 2024 and increased 4.8 percent in September 2023. Wages and salaries increased 4.6 
percent for the 12-month period ending in September 2024 and 4.8 percent from a year ago. Benefit costs 
increased 4.8 percent for the 12-month period ending in September 2024. The prior year’s increase was 4.7 
percent. (See tables A, 7, 11, and 12.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                Changes to ECI Index Rounding

Effective with the release of the June 2025 ECI, BLS plans to publish index levels to three decimal 
places. Percent changes based on these more precise indexes will continue to be published to one decimal 
place, see www.bls.gov/eci/notices/2024/changes-to-index-rounding.htm.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table A. Major series of the Employment Cost Index [Percent change]
Category 3-month,
seasonally adjusted		 12-month, not seasonally adjusted, current dollar 12-month, not seasonally adjusted, constant dollar
Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024

Civilian workers(1)

Compensation(2)

 0.9 0.8 4.3 4.1 3.9 0.6 1.1 1.4

Wages and salaries

 0.9 0.8 4.6 4.2 3.9 0.9 1.2 1.4

Benefits

 1.0 0.8 4.1 3.8 3.7 0.4 0.8 1.2

Private industry

Compensation(2)

 0.9 0.7 4.3 3.9 3.6 0.6 0.9 1.2

Wages and salaries

 0.8 0.8 4.5 4.1 3.8 0.8 1.1 1.2

Benefits

 0.8 0.7 3.9 3.5 3.3 0.2 0.5 0.8

Health benefits

 - - 1.9 3.6 3.4 - - -

State and local government

Compensation(2)

 1.2 1.1 4.8 4.9 4.7 1.0 1.9 2.2

Wages and salaries

 1.1 1.0 4.8 5.1 4.6 1.0 2.0 2.1

Benefits

 1.4 1.2 4.7 4.8 4.8 1.0 1.8 2.3

Footnotes
(1) Includes private industry and state and local government.
(2) Includes wages and salaries and benefits.

Note: All estimates in the table can be found in the public database at www.bls.gov/eci/data.htm. Dashes indicate data not available.

 


					   TECHNICAL NOTE
					   
The Employment Cost Index (ECI) measures the change in the cost of labor, free from the influence of 
employment shifts among occupations and industries. For information on survey concepts, coverage, 
methods, nonresponse adjustment, and imputation, see National Compensation Measures Handbook of Methods
at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm.

Sample size: Data for this reference period were collected from a probability sample of approximately
23,100 occupational observations selected from a sample of about 5,500 private industry establishments
and approximately 7,400 occupational observations selected from a sample of about 1,400 state and local
government establishments that provided data at the initial interview.

Standard errors: To assist users in ascertaining the reliability of ECI series, standard errors of all 
current quarter not seasonally adjusted 3- and 12-month percent change series are also available, see 
www.bls.gov/eci/factsheets/eci-standard-errors.htm and the database query tool at 
www.bls.gov/eci/data.htm. Standard errors provide users a measure of the precision of an estimate to 
ensure that it is within an acceptable range for their intended purpose. 

Historical listings: Historical ECI data are available in xlsx format at www.bls.gov/eci/tables.htm.
The continuous occupational and industry series listing uses the Standard Industrial Classification 
(SIC) Manual and Occupational Classification System (OCS) series from 1975 through 2005 and the North 
American Industry Classification System (NAICS) and Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) from 2006
to the present. It provides the official series deemed continuous after the change in classification 
systems. For more information on the criteria used in defining continuous series, see the article 
published in the Monthly Labor Review at www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2006/04/art2full.pdf. The transition from
NAICS 2017 to NAICS 2022 occurred during the March 2024 ECI and series were determined to remain 
continuous. 

Employer Costs for Employee Compensation data: The costs per hour worked of compensation components are
published as part of the Employer Costs for Employee Compensation (ECEC) news release. The ECEC release
dates are available at www.bls.gov/schedule/news_release/ecec.htm. Historical ECEC data are available in
xlsx format at www.bls.gov/ecec/tables.htm. Since the ECEC is calculated with current employment weights
rather than the fixed weights used in computing the ECI, year-to-year changes in the cost levels usually
differ from those in the ECI.

Fixed employment weights: For additional information on the use of fixed employment weights in computing
the ECI, see www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2016/article/introducing-2012-fixed-employment-weights-for-the-
employment-cost-index.htm. Beginning with the December 2022 release, the ECI introduced new employment 
weights, see www.bls.gov/eci/notices/2022/eci-2021-fixed-weights-and-2018-soc-update.htm.

Seasonal factors: Detailed information on seasonal factors for the 2024 reference year and the revisions
of historical seasonally adjusted data for the most recent five years can be found at www.bls.gov/eci/
factsheets/annual-seasonal-adjustment.htm. More information on seasonal adjustment can be found at 
www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2024/article/seasonality-in-the-employment-cost-index.htm. 

Additional information: Historical tables are available in xlsx format for constant dollar, current
dollar, and continuous series, see www.bls.gov/eci/tables.htm. ECI release dates are available on the
release calendar at www.bls.gov/schedule/news_release/eci.htm. Subscribe to receive the BLS Economic 
News Release email at public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDOLBLS/subscriber/new. If you are deaf, hard of
hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services.

Table 1. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), by occupational group and industry [Seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec.2005=100) Percent changes for 3-months ended-
Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 Sep.
2022		 Dec.
2022		 Mar.
2023		 Jun.
2023		 Sep.
2023		 Dec.
2023		 Mar.
2024		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024

Civilian workers

All workers(2)

 165.5 166.8 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.8

Industry

Goods-producing industries(3)

 159.2 160.6 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.5 0.9

Manufacturing

 159.4 160.6 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.8

Service-providing industries(4)

 166.8 168.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.0 0.8

Education and health services

 164.5 166.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.3 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.2

Educational services

 163.0 164.9 1.4 1.2 1.2 0.9 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.2

Elementary and secondary schools

 163.3 165.0 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.0

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

 161.4 163.5 1.4 1.1 1.3 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.3

Health care and social assistance

 166.1 168.0 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.3 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.1

Hospitals

 166.8 168.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.0

Nursing and residential care facilities

 166.6 167.8 2.0 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.5 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.7

Public administration

 172.2 173.6 1.4 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.5 0.8

Private industry workers

All workers

 165.1 166.3 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.7

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

 160.2 161.3 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.7

Management, business, and financial

 160.7 161.6 0.5 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.6 1.1 0.7 0.6

Professional and related

 160.0 161.2 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.7

Sales and office

 168.0 168.6 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.9 1.4 0.4 0.4

Sales and related

 165.1 165.0 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.4 1.1 1.6 -0.4 -0.1

Office and administrative support

 169.9 171.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.7 1.1 1.1 0.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

 162.6 164.2 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

 161.1 162.5 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9

Installation, maintenance, and repair

 164.2 166.1 1.0 0.9 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.6 0.9 0.6 1.2

Production, transportation, and material moving

 170.6 172.0 1.3 0.8 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.5 1.3 1.4 0.8

Production

 165.3 166.9 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0

Transportation and material moving

 176.5 177.9 1.2 0.7 1.1 1.1 0.8 1.8 1.3 1.7 0.8

Service occupations

 177.7 179.2 1.7 1.2 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.3 0.8

Industry

Goods-producing industries(3)

 159.1 160.6 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.5 0.9

Construction

 158.9 160.7 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.7 1.1 1.0 0.9 -0.3 1.1

Manufacturing

 159.4 160.6 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.8

Aircraft manufacturing

 136.1 137.2 -5.2 1.1 0.8 0.2 0.8 0.7 1.0 -0.6 0.8

Service-providing industries(5)

 166.7 167.8 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

 171.1 172.4 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.9 1.4 0.8 1.1 0.8

Wholesale trade

 162.0 162.9 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.3 0.8 0.9 1.4 -0.1 0.6

Retail trade

 174.2 175.7 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.1 0.8 -0.1 1.4 0.9

Transportation and warehousing

 175.8 177.1 0.8 0.6 1.0 1.4 0.7 3.0 1.9 1.9 0.7

Utilities

 174.9 176.7 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.3 0.9 0.4 0.9 1.0

Information

 159.1 161.3 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.0 0.3 1.0 0.9 -0.2 1.4

Financial activities

 162.1 162.8 0.5 1.2 0.5 1.4 1.0 0.6 0.5 1.0 0.4

Finance and insurance

 162.6 163.0 0.4 1.3 0.3 1.4 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.2

Credit intermediation and related activities

 164.5 164.5 -0.4 1.3 1.4 0.4 1.3 1.1 1.6 0.4 0.0

Insurance carriers and related activities

 164.1 163.9 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.2 0.7 1.2 -0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

 159.6 161.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.1 0.6 0.8 1.4

Professional and business services

 165.2 165.5 1.1 1.0 1.4 0.9 0.9 0.6 1.5 0.8 0.2

Professional, scientific, and technical services

 166.0 166.0 1.2 0.9 1.3 0.9 0.7 0.7 1.4 0.8 0.0

Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services

 165.3 166.5 1.0 1.2 1.3 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.1 0.9 0.7

Education and health services

 164.6 166.5 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.2

Educational services

 161.2 163.3 0.9 1.3 1.2 0.7 1.2 1.1 1.5 0.8 1.3

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

 159.4 161.8 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.7 1.2 0.9 1.2 0.7 1.5

Health care and social assistance

 165.3 167.2 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.3 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.1

Hospitals

 166.5 168.2 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.0

Nursing and residential care facilities

 165.0 166.2 1.9 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.5 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.7

Leisure and hospitality

 177.1 178.2 1.7 1.2 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.5 1.4 0.6

Accommodation and food services

 180.9 182.0 1.7 1.2 1.3 1.2 0.6 1.0 0.4 1.5 0.6

Other services, except public administration

 169.5 170.5 1.2 0.8 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.8 1.0 0.6

State and local government workers

All workers

 167.3 169.1 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.1

Industry

Education and health services

 164.5 166.3 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.1

Educational services

 163.5 165.3 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1

Schools

 163.4 165.3 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.2

Elementary and secondary schools

 163.7 165.5 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.1

Health care and social assistance

 172.1 173.6 1.7 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.7 1.7 1.1 0.9

Hospitals

 168.1 169.5 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.4 0.6 1.7 1.2 0.8

Public administration

 172.2 173.6 1.4 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.5 0.8

Footnotes
(1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
(2) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.
(5) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 2. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, by occupational group and industry [Seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for 3-months ended-
Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 Sep.
2022		 Dec.
2022		 Mar.
2023		 Jun.
2023		 Sep.
2023		 Dec.
2023		 Mar.
2024		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024

Civilian workers

All workers(1)

 165.4 166.7 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.8

Industry

Goods-producing industries(2)

 162.8 164.5 1.4 1.0 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.2 0.3 1.0

Manufacturing

 163.4 164.9 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.3 0.7 0.9

Service-providing industries(3)

 165.9 167.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.7

Education and health services

 160.2 162.0 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1

Educational services

 153.3 154.9 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.4 1.0 1.0

Elementary and secondary schools

 151.8 153.1 1.4 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.1 0.9

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

 154.2 156.1 1.3 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.3 0.9 1.2

Health care and social assistance

 167.2 169.3 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.3

Hospitals

 167.4 169.2 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1

Public administration

 160.8 161.9 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.7 1.3 1.7 1.3 0.7

Private industry workers

All workers

 167.6 168.9 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.8 0.8

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

 161.6 162.7 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.7

Professional and related

 161.9 163.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.8

Management, business, and financial

 161.6 162.4 0.4 1.1 0.8 1.1 1.0 0.6 1.1 0.7 0.5

Sales and office

 170.5 171.0 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.6 1.1 1.5 0.4 0.3

Office and administrative support

 171.7 173.0 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.2 0.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

 164.8 166.7 1.1 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.3 0.9 1.0 1.2

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

 163.1 164.8 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair

 166.8 168.9 1.1 0.9 1.6 1.0 1.4 1.8 0.9 1.1 1.3

Production, transportation, and material moving

 175.0 176.6 1.5 0.9 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.7 1.5 1.2 0.9

Production

 169.2 171.0 1.8 1.1 1.4 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.4 0.8 1.0

Transportation and material moving

 181.1 182.6 1.3 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.9 1.6 1.3 0.8

Service occupations

 182.9 184.5 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.3 0.9

Industry

Goods-producing industries(2)

 162.8 164.6 1.4 1.0 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.2 0.2 1.1

Construction

 161.2 163.6 1.2 1.2 1.5 0.6 1.1 1.1 1.2 -0.8 1.5

Manufacturing

 163.4 164.9 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.3 0.7 0.9

Aircraft manufacturing

 163.2 164.2 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.6

Service-providing industries(4)

 168.8 170.0 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

 172.6 173.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.5 1.0 0.9 0.8

Wholesale trade

 159.2 159.9 0.5 1.2 0.7 1.3 0.8 0.9 1.6 -0.3 0.4

Retail trade

 177.8 179.2 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.0 1.4 0.8

Transportation and warehousing

 180.2 181.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.5 0.8 3.5 2.3 1.5 0.9

Utilities

 169.3 171.2 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.4 0.4 0.8 1.1

Information

 158.0 160.7 1.4 1.6 1.1 0.8 0.3 1.1 0.6 0.1 1.7

Financial activities

 163.1 163.6 0.3 1.4 0.1 1.7 1.1 0.6 0.1 1.1 0.3

Finance and insurance

 163.8 163.8 0.1 1.4 -0.1 1.9 1.1 0.6 0.0 1.2 0.0

Credit intermediation and related activities

 163.6 162.9 -1.0 1.4 1.0 0.5 1.5 1.3 1.4 0.1 -0.4

Insurance carriers and related activities

 163.5 163.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.2 0.1 0.5 1.7 -0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

 160.8 163.6 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.4 0.2 0.5 0.8 1.7

Professional and business services

 167.7 167.8 1.1 1.1 1.3 0.8 0.9 0.7 1.7 1.0 0.1

Professional, scientific, and technical services

 167.7 167.4 1.1 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.4 1.0 -0.2

Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services

 170.3 171.5 1.3 1.1 1.3 0.9 1.0 0.8 1.3 0.9 0.7

Education and health services

 166.2 168.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.3

Educational services

 160.3 162.2 0.9 1.3 1.2 0.7 1.2 1.0 1.6 0.9 1.2

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

 156.2 158.4 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.6 1.4

Health care and social assistance

 167.5 169.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3

Hospitals

 168.2 170.1 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.1

Leisure and hospitality

 183.7 184.9 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.1 0.8 1.0 0.5 1.4 0.7

Accommodation and food services

 187.5 188.7 1.7 1.2 1.4 1.1 0.7 1.0 0.5 1.5 0.6

Other services, except public administration

 172.4 173.5 1.3 0.7 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.8 1.0 0.6

State and local government workers

All workers

 155.8 157.3 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.1 1.0

Industry

Education and health services

 153.2 154.7 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.3 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.0

Educational services

 151.8 153.3 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.0

Schools

 151.8 153.3 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.0

Elementary and secondary schools

 151.3 152.7 1.4 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.1 0.9

Health care and social assistance

 164.7 166.2 1.8 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.5 0.8 1.6 1.0 0.9

Hospitals

 163.3 164.8 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.5 0.7 1.5 1.1 0.9

Public administration

 160.8 161.9 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.7 1.3 1.7 1.3 0.7

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.
(4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 3. Employment Cost Index for benefits, by occupational group and industry [Seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for 3-months ended-
Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 Sep.
2022		 Dec.
2022		 Mar.
2023		 Jun.
2023		 Sep.
2023		 Dec.
2023		 Mar.
2024		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024

Civilian workers

All workers(1)

 165.9 167.2 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.1 1.0 0.8

Private industry workers

All workers

 159.0 160.1 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.7

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

 157.0 158.0 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.7 1.1 0.8 0.6

Sales and office

 161.4 162.5 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.6 1.0 0.4 0.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

 157.8 158.8 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.3 0.6

Production, transportation, and material moving

 161.8 162.9 0.8 0.6 1.0 0.9 0.8 1.2 0.8 2.1 0.7

Service occupations

 160.7 162.0 1.2 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.8 1.4 0.8

Industry

Goods-producing industries(2)

 151.6 152.4 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.5

Manufacturing

 151.6 152.5 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.1 0.6

Service-providing industries(3)

 161.5 162.6 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.8 0.7

State and local government workers

All workers(1)

 189.9 192.2 1.6 1.1 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.2

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 4. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for civilian workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024

All workers(2)

 160.8 165.5 167.0 1.1 0.9 0.9 4.3 4.1 3.9

Excluding incentive paid occupations(3)

 160.7 165.4 167.0 1.1 0.9 1.0 4.4 4.1 3.9

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

 157.0 161.1 162.6 1.3 0.9 0.9 4.5 3.9 3.6

Management, business, and financial

 157.6 161.4 162.5 1.1 0.9 0.7 4.3 3.5 3.1

Professional and related

 156.7 160.9 162.9 1.4 0.8 1.2 4.6 4.1 4.0

Sales and office

 164.2 168.8 169.5 0.7 0.5 0.4 4.3 3.6 3.2

Sales and related

 161.3 165.3 165.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.1 3.9 2.7 2.4

Office and administrative support

 165.7 170.8 172.2 1.1 1.1 0.8 4.5 4.2 3.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

 158.6 163.3 164.9 1.1 0.9 1.0 4.2 4.1 4.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

 157.7 161.9 163.4 1.0 1.0 0.9 3.9 3.6 3.6

Installation, maintenance, and repair

 159.7 164.8 166.7 1.3 0.7 1.2 4.7 4.6 4.4

Production, transportation, and material moving

 163.5 170.5 171.9 0.8 1.4 0.8 3.9 5.1 5.1

Production

 159.8 165.5 166.8 0.7 1.1 0.8 4.0 4.3 4.4

Transportation and material moving

 168.9 176.9 178.4 0.9 1.5 0.8 3.9 5.7 5.6

Service occupations

 171.8 177.3 179.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 4.8 4.5 4.3

Industry

Goods-producing industries(4)

 155.1 159.5 160.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 3.8 3.5 3.5

Manufacturing

 154.6 159.6 160.4 0.6 0.9 0.5 3.7 3.8 3.8

Service-providing industries(5)

 161.9 166.6 168.1 1.3 0.9 0.9 4.5 4.2 3.8

Education and health services

 159.7 163.9 166.7 1.8 0.7 1.7 4.8 4.5 4.4

Educational services

 158.4 161.6 165.3 2.4 0.5 2.3 4.6 4.5 4.4

Elementary and secondary schools

 158.9 161.6 165.5 2.5 0.4 2.4 4.6 4.3 4.2

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

 156.7 160.3 163.9 2.2 0.5 2.2 4.4 4.5 4.6

Health care and social assistance

 161.1 166.1 168.0 1.3 0.9 1.1 5.0 4.5 4.3

Hospitals

 161.3 166.7 168.4 1.2 0.8 1.0 4.9 4.6 4.4

Nursing and residential care facilities

 161.7 166.4 167.7 1.5 0.9 0.8 5.0 4.5 3.7

Public administration

 165.1 171.0 174.0 2.4 0.9 1.8 4.9 6.1 5.4

Footnotes
(1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
(2) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(3) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
(4) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(5) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 5. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for private industry workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024

All workers

 160.6 165.4 166.4 0.9 1.0 0.6 4.3 3.9 3.6

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 160.4 165.3 166.5 0.9 1.0 0.7 4.4 4.0 3.8

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

 156.2 160.4 161.4 1.0 0.9 0.6 4.4 3.7 3.3

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 155.2 159.5 160.6 0.9 0.9 0.7 4.4 3.7 3.5

Management, business, and financial

 157.2 161.1 161.9 0.9 1.0 0.5 4.2 3.4 3.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 155.8 159.7 160.6 0.8 0.8 0.6 4.2 3.3 3.1

Professional and related

 155.5 160.1 161.3 1.0 0.9 0.7 4.6 4.0 3.7

Sales and office

 164.0 168.5 169.1 0.6 0.4 0.4 4.2 3.3 3.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 166.0 170.9 172.0 0.7 0.9 0.6 4.5 3.7 3.6

Sales and related

 161.2 165.2 165.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.1 3.9 2.7 2.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 166.5 171.1 172.1 0.5 0.8 0.6 4.6 3.3 3.4

Office and administrative support

 165.1 170.1 171.3 0.9 1.1 0.7 4.4 3.9 3.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

 158.2 162.8 164.3 1.0 0.9 0.9 4.2 4.0 3.9

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

 157.3 161.4 162.7 1.0 1.1 0.8 3.9 3.6 3.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair

 159.2 164.4 166.1 1.2 0.7 1.0 4.6 4.5 4.3

Production, transportation, and material moving

 163.2 170.2 171.5 0.8 1.4 0.8 3.9 5.1 5.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 162.9 169.9 171.2 0.7 1.4 0.8 4.0 5.1 5.1

Production

 159.8 165.5 166.8 0.7 1.1 0.8 4.1 4.3 4.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 160.2 165.7 167.0 0.7 1.1 0.8 4.0 4.1 4.2

Transportation and material moving

 168.5 176.7 178.0 0.8 1.6 0.7 3.9 5.7 5.6

Service occupations

 172.3 177.8 179.3 0.9 1.3 0.8 4.5 4.2 4.1

Industry and occupational group

Goods-producing industries(3)

 155.1 159.5 160.5 0.6 0.8 0.6 3.8 3.5 3.5

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 154.8 159.6 160.6 0.7 1.1 0.6 3.7 3.8 3.7

Management, professional, and related

 148.4 152.7 153.2 0.4 0.9 0.3 3.5 3.3 3.2

Sales and office

 163.0 165.2 166.4 0.2 -2.5 0.7 4.9 1.6 2.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

 156.6 160.8 162.2 0.9 1.1 0.9 3.8 3.6 3.6

Production, transportation, and material moving

 157.7 163.3 164.4 0.6 1.3 0.7 3.7 4.2 4.2

Construction

 156.3 159.4 160.7 0.8 0.1 0.8 4.1 2.8 2.8

Manufacturing

 154.6 159.6 160.4 0.6 0.9 0.5 3.7 3.8 3.8

Management, professional, and related

 149.5 154.0 154.5 0.4 1.0 0.3 3.3 3.4 3.3

Sales and office occupations

 159.4 163.9 164.7 0.6 0.1 0.5 4.0 3.4 3.3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

 154.4 159.6 161.0 0.7 1.1 0.9 4.0 4.0 4.3

Production, transportation, and material moving

 157.4 163.1 164.2 0.6 1.2 0.7 3.8 4.2 4.3

Aircraft manufacturing

 134.6 137.0 137.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 2.9 1.8 1.9

Service-providing industries(4)

 162.1 167.0 168.1 0.9 1.0 0.7 4.4 4.0 3.7

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 162.0 166.9 168.2 0.9 1.0 0.8 4.5 3.9 3.8

Management, professional, and related

 157.5 161.7 162.8 1.0 0.9 0.7 4.5 3.7 3.4

Sales and office

 164.1 168.9 169.3 0.6 0.7 0.2 4.1 3.6 3.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

 160.6 165.9 167.6 1.3 0.7 1.0 4.8 4.6 4.4

Production, transportation, and material moving

 169.2 177.4 178.8 0.9 1.5 0.8 4.1 5.8 5.7

Service occupations

 172.4 177.9 179.4 1.0 1.3 0.8 4.5 4.2 4.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

 165.6 171.5 172.4 0.7 1.2 0.5 4.3 4.3 4.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 166.0 172.4 173.6 0.8 1.4 0.7 4.5 4.7 4.6

Wholesale trade

 158.5 162.7 163.0 0.4 0.4 0.2 4.1 3.0 2.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 161.8 166.4 167.4 0.7 1.3 0.6 4.6 3.5 3.5

Retail trade

 170.6 174.6 175.6 0.8 1.5 0.6 4.5 3.1 2.9

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 169.2 173.6 174.7 0.8 1.3 0.6 4.7 3.4 3.3

Transportation and warehousing

 164.5 175.7 177.1 0.9 1.7 0.8 3.9 7.7 7.7

Utilities

 170.9 175.2 176.6 1.0 0.9 0.8 4.8 3.5 3.3

Information

 156.4 159.4 161.3 0.1 -0.1 1.2 3.9 2.0 3.1

Financial activities

 159.1 162.8 163.1 0.8 1.5 0.2 4.1 3.1 2.5

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 159.2 163.4 164.0 0.4 0.9 0.4 3.9 3.0 3.0

Finance and insurance

 159.5 163.4 163.3 0.7 1.6 -0.1 4.0 3.2 2.4

Credit intermediation and related activities

 160.4 165.3 165.4 1.3 1.3 0.1 4.4 4.4 3.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 163.4 168.4 169.2 0.6 1.0 0.5 4.1 3.7 3.5

Insurance carriers and related activities

 160.6 165.0 164.0 0.4 1.8 -0.6 4.0 3.1 2.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 157.9 162.5 162.5 0.1 1.0 0.0 3.8 3.0 2.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

 157.4 160.0 162.3 1.2 1.0 1.4 4.2 2.8 3.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 161.2 164.3 165.4 0.7 1.0 0.7 3.9 2.7 2.6

Professional and business services

 160.7 165.5 165.8 0.9 0.8 0.2 4.3 4.0 3.2

Professional, scientific, and technical services

 161.7 166.1 166.4 0.9 0.7 0.2 4.0 3.7 2.9

Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services

 161.0 165.5 166.6 0.9 0.9 0.7 4.5 3.8 3.5

Education and health services

 159.7 164.6 166.7 1.4 0.9 1.3 4.9 4.5 4.4

Educational services

 156.5 160.6 163.9 2.0 0.6 2.1 4.4 4.6 4.7

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

 155.6 158.8 162.4 2.0 0.5 2.3 3.9 4.1 4.4

Health care and social assistance

 160.4 165.4 167.3 1.3 1.0 1.1 5.0 4.4 4.3

Hospitals

 160.9 166.5 168.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 4.9 4.5 4.4

Nursing and residential care facilities

 160.4 165.0 166.2 1.5 1.0 0.7 5.0 4.4 3.6

Nursing care facilities(2)

 160.2 164.7 165.0 1.5 1.0 0.2 5.3 4.3 3.0

Leisure and hospitality

 172.5 177.2 178.4 0.8 1.4 0.7 4.4 3.6 3.4

Accommodation and food service

 176.1 181.2 182.1 0.5 1.6 0.5 4.3 3.4 3.4

Other services, except public administration

 163.4 169.7 170.7 1.1 0.9 0.6 4.9 5.0 4.5

Footnotes
(1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
(2) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
(3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 6. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for private industry workers, by bargaining status and Census region and division [Not seasonally adjusted]
Bargaining status and Census region and division Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024

Bargaining status

Union

 160.9 169.2 170.3 0.8 1.6 0.7 3.8 6.0 5.8

Goods-producing industries(2)

 153.2 159.2 160.4 0.7 1.5 0.8 2.8 4.7 4.7

Manufacturing

 146.1 153.4 154.1 0.3 1.5 0.5 2.3 5.4 5.5

Service-providing industries(3)

 166.4 176.0 177.1 0.9 1.7 0.6 4.4 6.7 6.4

Nonunion

 160.4 164.8 165.8 0.9 0.9 0.6 4.4 3.6 3.4

Goods-producing industries(2)

 155.3 159.4 160.3 0.6 0.6 0.6 4.1 3.2 3.2

Manufacturing

 156.6 161.3 162.1 0.6 0.9 0.5 3.9 3.6 3.5

Service-providing industries(3)

 161.6 166.1 167.2 0.9 0.9 0.7 4.4 3.7 3.5

Census region and division(4)

Northeast

 162.2 166.4 167.4 0.9 0.8 0.6 4.3 3.5 3.2

New England

 166.7 170.4 170.9 1.0 0.9 0.3 4.0 3.2 2.5

Middle Atlantic

 160.5 165.0 166.2 0.8 0.9 0.7 4.4 3.6 3.6

South

 158.8 162.9 164.0 1.1 0.7 0.7 4.6 3.7 3.3

South Atlantic

 162.2 166.4 167.6 1.2 0.7 0.7 5.0 3.9 3.3

East South Central

 158.1 162.2 163.0 1.0 1.2 0.5 4.7 3.6 3.1

West South Central

 153.4 157.5 158.4 0.8 0.5 0.6 3.9 3.5 3.3

Midwest

 157.5 162.1 163.2 0.7 0.9 0.7 3.8 3.6 3.6

East North Central

 156.3 161.0 162.0 0.8 0.9 0.6 4.1 3.9 3.6

West North Central

 160.2 164.8 166.0 0.3 0.9 0.7 2.8 3.1 3.6

West

 164.8 171.0 172.1 0.8 1.4 0.6 4.4 4.6 4.4

Mountain

 162.9 168.6 169.9 1.1 1.3 0.8 4.8 4.6 4.3

Pacific

 165.7 172.2 173.2 0.7 1.4 0.6 4.3 4.6 4.5

Footnotes
(1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
(4) The Census divisions are defined as follows: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.

NOTE: The indexes for these series are not strictly comparable to those for the aggregate, occupation, and industry series.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 7. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for state and local government workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024

All workers

 161.8 165.9 169.4 2.3 0.6 2.1 4.8 4.9 4.7

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

 159.1 162.7 166.2 2.5 0.6 2.2 4.7 4.8 4.5

Professional and related

 158.8 162.3 165.9 2.3 0.6 2.2 4.6 4.6 4.5

Sales and office

 165.5 170.6 173.7 2.2 0.8 1.8 4.9 5.4 5.0

Office and administrative support

 165.5 170.6 173.7 2.2 0.8 1.8 4.9 5.3 5.0

Service occupations

 169.6 175.6 178.6 2.0 0.9 1.7 5.1 5.6 5.3

Industry

Education and health services

 159.7 162.9 166.6 2.4 0.4 2.3 4.7 4.4 4.3

Educational services

 158.9 161.9 165.7 2.5 0.5 2.3 4.7 4.5 4.3

Schools

 158.8 161.8 165.6 2.5 0.4 2.3 4.6 4.4 4.3

Elementary and secondary schools

 159.3 162.0 165.9 2.5 0.4 2.4 4.6 4.2 4.1

Health care and social assistance

 166.3 171.2 173.7 2.0 0.6 1.5 5.0 5.0 4.4

Hospitals

 162.7 167.4 169.8 1.9 0.7 1.4 5.0 4.9 4.4

Public administration

 165.1 171.0 174.0 2.4 0.9 1.8 4.9 6.1 5.4

Footnotes
(1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 8. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for civilian workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024

All workers(1)

 160.7 165.4 167.0 1.3 0.9 1.0 4.6 4.2 3.9

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

 160.1 164.8 166.6 1.3 0.9 1.1 4.6 4.2 4.1

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

 155.1 159.0 160.7 1.4 0.9 1.1 4.5 4.0 3.6

Management, business, and financial

 157.2 160.9 162.2 1.4 1.0 0.8 4.2 3.7 3.2

Professional and related

 154.1 158.1 160.1 1.6 0.8 1.3 4.8 4.2 3.9

Sales and office

 165.2 170.1 170.7 0.8 0.4 0.4 4.4 3.8 3.3

Sales and related

 164.3 168.6 168.3 0.2 -0.5 -0.2 3.9 2.9 2.4

Office and administrative support

 165.6 170.8 172.4 1.3 1.0 0.9 4.9 4.5 4.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

 159.2 164.5 166.4 1.2 1.1 1.2 4.6 4.6 4.5

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

 158.5 163.0 164.7 1.0 1.1 1.0 4.3 3.8 3.9

Installation, maintenance, and repair

 160.1 166.3 168.4 1.5 1.2 1.3 4.9 5.4 5.2

Production, transportation, and material moving

 166.9 174.0 175.7 0.9 1.0 1.0 4.2 5.2 5.3

Production

 163.5 169.2 170.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 4.4 4.3 4.5

Transportation and material moving

 171.8 180.0 181.8 1.1 1.2 1.0 4.1 5.9 5.8

Service occupations

 173.1 178.7 180.7 1.3 1.1 1.1 4.9 4.6 4.4

Industry

Goods-producing industries(3)

 158.5 163.2 164.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 4.1 3.6 3.8

Manufacturing

 158.4 163.7 164.8 0.6 0.9 0.7 3.9 3.9 4.0

Service-providing industries(4)

 161.1 165.8 167.4 1.4 0.9 1.0 4.6 4.3 3.9

Education and health services

 155.7 159.6 162.5 2.0 0.6 1.8 5.1 4.5 4.4

Educational services

 149.2 152.1 155.8 2.6 0.4 2.4 4.5 4.6 4.4

Elementary and secondary schools

 148.0 150.5 154.3 2.8 0.4 2.5 4.6 4.6 4.3

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities

 150.1 153.3 156.8 2.3 0.5 2.3 4.2 4.5 4.5

Health care and social assistance

 162.4 167.2 169.4 1.4 0.8 1.3 5.5 4.4 4.3

Hospitals

 162.1 167.2 169.1 1.3 0.7 1.1 5.5 4.5 4.3

Nursing and residential care facilities

 165.4 170.4 171.9 1.7 1.0 0.9 5.6 4.8 3.9

Public administration

 154.8 159.7 162.7 2.9 0.7 1.9 5.1 6.1 5.1

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(2) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
(3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 9. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for private industry workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Index value (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024

All workers

 162.9 167.9 169.1 1.0 1.0 0.7 4.5 4.1 3.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 162.3 167.4 168.8 0.9 1.0 0.8 4.5 4.1 4.0

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

 157.6 161.7 162.9 1.2 1.0 0.7 4.5 3.8 3.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 155.9 160.2 161.5 1.0 0.9 0.8 4.4 3.8 3.6

Management, business, and financial

 158.0 161.8 162.8 1.1 1.1 0.6 4.1 3.5 3.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 155.3 159.3 160.4 0.8 0.8 0.7 3.9 3.4 3.3

Professional and related

 157.3 161.9 163.2 1.1 1.0 0.8 4.9 4.0 3.8

Sales and office

 166.3 171.2 171.7 0.6 0.4 0.3 4.3 3.6 3.2

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 168.1 173.4 174.7 0.8 1.0 0.7 4.9 4.0 3.9

Sales and related

 164.5 168.8 168.5 0.2 -0.5 -0.2 3.9 2.9 2.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 169.5 174.8 176.0 0.6 1.0 0.7 4.8 3.7 3.8

Office and administrative support

 166.4 171.8 173.1 1.0 1.1 0.8 4.8 4.3 4.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

 159.7 165.0 166.8 1.1 1.1 1.1 4.7 4.5 4.4

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

 159.0 163.3 164.9 1.0 1.1 1.0 4.3 3.7 3.7

Installation, maintenance, and repair

 160.6 166.9 168.9 1.3 1.2 1.2 5.0 5.3 5.2

Production, transportation, and material moving

 167.2 174.4 176.0 0.8 1.0 0.9 4.2 5.2 5.3

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 167.0 174.1 175.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 4.3 5.1 5.3

Production

 163.6 169.4 170.9 0.7 0.8 0.9 4.4 4.3 4.5

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 164.0 169.5 171.0 0.7 0.8 0.9 4.4 4.1 4.3

Transportation and material moving

 172.6 181.0 182.6 1.0 1.2 0.9 4.1 5.9 5.8

Service occupations

 177.1 182.9 184.6 1.0 1.2 0.9 4.9 4.3 4.2

Industry and occupational group

Goods-producing industries(2)

 158.6 163.3 164.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 4.1 3.6 3.7

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 158.2 163.3 164.6 0.6 1.1 0.8 3.9 3.9 4.0

Management, professional, and related

 152.4 157.3 158.0 0.3 1.1 0.4 3.5 3.6 3.7

Sales and office

 168.6 170.7 172.0 0.2 -3.6 0.8 5.4 1.5 2.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

 158.7 163.0 164.7 1.0 1.1 1.0 4.3 3.7 3.8

Production, transportation, and material moving

 161.7 167.3 168.8 0.6 1.0 0.9 4.0 4.1 4.4

Construction

 158.7 161.8 163.5 0.7 -0.2 1.1 4.5 2.7 3.0

Manufacturing

 158.4 163.7 164.8 0.6 0.9 0.7 3.9 3.9 4.0

Management, professional, and related

 153.0 158.3 158.9 0.3 1.2 0.4 3.4 3.8 3.9

Sales and office

 162.8 167.6 168.3 0.6 -0.2 0.4 4.5 3.6 3.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

 159.4 164.2 166.4 0.9 0.8 1.3 4.7 4.0 4.4

Production, transportation, and material moving

 161.7 167.4 168.7 0.6 1.0 0.8 4.1 4.2 4.3

Aircraft manufacturing

 159.9 163.8 164.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 3.0 2.6 2.6

Service-providing industries(3)

 164.0 169.0 170.2 1.0 1.0 0.7 4.5 4.1 3.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 163.4 168.5 169.9 1.1 1.0 0.8 4.7 4.2 4.0

Management, professional, and related

 158.3 162.4 163.7 1.2 1.0 0.8 4.6 3.8 3.4

Sales and office

 166.0 171.2 171.6 0.7 0.8 0.2 4.2 3.8 3.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

 161.2 167.8 169.8 1.4 1.1 1.2 5.2 5.6 5.3

Production, transportation, and material moving

 172.6 181.0 182.7 1.0 1.1 0.9 4.3 5.9 5.9

Service occupations

 177.2 183.0 184.7 1.1 1.2 0.9 4.9 4.4 4.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

 166.8 172.8 173.8 0.8 1.0 0.6 4.4 4.4 4.2

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 166.9 173.5 174.8 0.9 1.2 0.7 4.7 4.9 4.7

Wholesale trade

 155.9 159.8 160.0 0.5 0.1 0.1 4.1 3.0 2.6

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 158.5 163.0 164.0 0.8 1.3 0.6 4.6 3.7 3.5

Retail trade

 173.9 178.1 179.2 0.9 1.5 0.6 4.7 3.4 3.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 172.0 176.6 177.9 0.9 1.1 0.7 4.9 3.6 3.4

Transportation and warehousing

 167.6 179.8 181.6 1.0 1.2 1.0 4.2 8.3 8.4

Utilities

 164.8 169.6 171.1 1.0 0.8 0.9 4.5 4.0 3.8

Information

 155.1 158.3 160.6 0.0 0.1 1.5 3.9 2.1 3.5

Financial activities

 160.8 163.7 164.1 1.1 1.6 0.2 4.3 2.9 2.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 159.0 162.8 163.6 0.5 0.8 0.5 4.1 2.9 2.9

Finance and insurance

 161.3 164.4 164.3 0.9 1.7 -0.1 4.2 2.9 1.9

Credit intermediation and related activities

 160.3 164.4 163.9 1.6 1.2 -0.3 4.5 4.2 2.2

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 161.8 165.9 166.5 0.6 0.7 0.4 4.1 3.2 2.9

Insurance carriers and related activities

 160.0 164.3 163.3 0.8 2.2 -0.6 4.6 3.5 2.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 155.4 159.7 160.3 0.4 0.9 0.4 4.4 3.2 3.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

 158.5 161.0 163.8 1.4 0.9 1.7 4.8 3.0 3.3

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

 162.8 165.9 167.1 1.0 0.9 0.7 4.4 2.9 2.6

Professional and business services

 162.4 167.8 168.2 1.1 1.0 0.2 4.2 4.5 3.6

Professional, scientific, and technical services

 162.8 167.6 167.9 1.1 0.9 0.2 3.8 4.0 3.1

Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services

 165.5 170.4 171.6 1.0 0.8 0.7 4.4 4.0 3.7

Education and health services

 161.4 166.1 168.5 1.5 0.8 1.4 5.3 4.5 4.4

Educational services

 155.5 159.5 162.9 2.1 0.6 2.1 4.4 4.7 4.8

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

 152.7 155.5 159.2 2.0 0.4 2.4 3.8 3.9 4.3

Health care and social assistance

 162.7 167.6 169.7 1.4 0.9 1.3 5.5 4.5 4.3

Hospitals

 162.8 168.2 169.9 1.1 0.7 1.0 5.5 4.5 4.4

Nursing and residential care facilities

 166.4 171.4 172.9 1.7 1.0 0.9 5.7 4.8 3.9

Nursing care facilities(1)

 165.9 170.6 171.4 1.8 1.1 0.5 6.2 4.7 3.3

Leisure and hospitality

 178.8 183.9 185.2 0.8 1.4 0.7 4.5 3.7 3.6

Accommodation and food service

 182.4 187.9 189.0 0.6 1.6 0.6 4.4 3.6 3.6

Other services, except public administration

 165.8 172.6 173.6 1.1 1.0 0.6 5.0 5.2 4.7

Footnotes
(1) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 10. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for private industry workers, by bargaining status and Census region and division [Not seasonally adjusted]
Bargaining status and Census region and division Indexes (Dec.2005=100) Percent changes for
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024

Bargaining status

Union

 159.3 168.1 169.5 1.0 1.3 0.8 4.5 6.5 6.4

Goods-producing industries(1)

 150.9 157.1 158.6 0.7 1.2 1.0 3.4 4.8 5.1

Manufacturing

 149.0 156.2 157.4 0.4 0.8 0.8 3.2 5.3 5.6

Service-providing industries(2)

 164.5 174.8 176.1 1.1 1.3 0.7 5.0 7.4 7.1

Nonunion

 163.3 167.9 169.1 1.0 0.9 0.7 4.5 3.8 3.6

Goods-producing industries(1)

 160.3 164.6 165.8 0.6 0.4 0.7 4.2 3.3 3.4

Manufacturing

 160.3 165.3 166.4 0.6 0.9 0.7 4.0 3.7 3.8

Service-providing industries(2)

 164.0 168.6 169.8 1.1 1.0 0.7 4.5 3.9 3.5

Census region and division(3)

Northeast

 163.3 167.6 168.8 1.1 0.9 0.7 4.4 3.7 3.4

New England

 170.1 173.9 174.4 1.2 0.9 0.3 4.0 3.5 2.5

Middle Atlantic

 160.7 165.2 166.6 0.9 0.9 0.8 4.5 3.8 3.7

South

 162.1 166.5 167.6 1.2 0.8 0.7 4.8 3.9 3.4

South Atlantic

 166.0 170.6 171.7 1.4 0.8 0.6 5.3 4.2 3.4

East South Central

 160.1 164.3 165.3 0.9 1.3 0.6 4.9 3.6 3.2

West South Central

 156.5 160.7 161.7 1.0 0.6 0.6 3.8 3.7 3.3

Midwest

 158.9 163.5 164.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 3.9 3.7 3.7

East North Central

 157.6 162.1 163.3 1.0 0.8 0.7 4.3 3.8 3.6

West North Central

 162.0 167.0 168.3 0.2 0.8 0.8 2.7 3.3 3.9

West

 167.9 174.5 175.7 0.9 1.3 0.7 4.7 4.9 4.6

Mountain

 166.3 172.4 173.9 1.2 1.2 0.9 5.1 4.9 4.6

Pacific

 168.8 175.6 176.7 0.8 1.4 0.6 4.5 4.8 4.7

Footnotes
(1) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(2) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
(3) The Census divisions are defined as follows: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.

NOTE: The indexes for these series are not strictly comparable to those for the aggregate, occupation, and industry series.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 11. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for state and local government workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024

All workers

 151.2 154.7 158.1 2.7 0.5 2.2 4.8 5.1 4.6

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

 148.7 151.8 155.3 2.8 0.5 2.3 4.6 4.9 4.4

Professional and related

 148.4 151.4 154.8 2.7 0.5 2.2 4.6 4.8 4.3

Sales and office

 152.7 157.0 160.0 2.8 0.6 1.9 5.3 5.7 4.8

Office and administrative support

 153.2 157.6 160.5 2.7 0.7 1.8 5.4 5.7 4.8

Service occupations

 159.9 164.8 167.9 2.4 0.5 1.9 5.2 5.5 5.0

Industry

Education and health services

 149.1 152.0 155.6 2.7 0.4 2.4 4.6 4.7 4.4

Educational services

 147.9 150.6 154.4 2.8 0.4 2.5 4.4 4.7 4.4

Schools

 147.9 150.6 154.4 2.8 0.4 2.5 4.4 4.7 4.4

Elementary and secondary schools

 147.5 150.0 153.9 2.9 0.4 2.6 4.5 4.6 4.3

Health care and social assistance

 159.6 163.8 166.5 2.2 0.5 1.6 5.3 4.9 4.3

Hospitals

 158.4 162.5 165.2 2.3 0.6 1.7 5.4 5.0 4.3

Public administration

 154.8 159.7 162.7 2.9 0.7 1.9 5.1 6.1 5.1

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 12. Employment Cost Index for benefits, by occupational group, industry, and bargaining status [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group, industry, and bargaining status Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024

Civilian workers

All workers(1)

 161.1 165.8 167.0 0.9 1.0 0.7 4.1 3.8 3.7

Private industry workers

All workers

 155.0 159.4 160.1 0.6 0.9 0.4 3.9 3.5 3.3

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

 153.1 157.4 158.0 0.6 0.8 0.4 4.2 3.4 3.2

Sales and office

 158.0 161.7 162.3 0.4 0.6 0.4 3.8 2.7 2.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

 154.9 158.1 159.0 0.9 0.5 0.6 3.3 3.0 2.6

Production, transportation, and material moving

 154.9 161.7 162.4 0.6 2.1 0.4 3.4 5.0 4.8

Service occupations

 156.5 160.8 162.0 0.6 1.3 0.7 3.4 3.4 3.5

Industry

Goods-producing industries(2)

 147.9 151.9 152.4 0.7 1.1 0.3 3.2 3.4 3.0

Manufacturing

 147.4 151.9 152.3 0.5 1.2 0.3 3.2 3.6 3.3

Aircraft manufacturing

 107.7 108.4 108.2 -0.1 -0.9 -0.2 2.9 0.6 0.5

Service-providing industries(3)

 157.4 161.9 162.7 0.6 0.9 0.5 4.0 3.5 3.4

Bargaining status

Union

 163.8 171.1 171.9 0.7 2.0 0.5 2.9 5.2 4.9

Nonunion

 153.0 157.0 157.7 0.6 0.8 0.4 4.0 3.2 3.1

State and local government workers

All workers

 183.7 189.2 192.6 1.8 0.9 1.8 4.7 4.8 4.8

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 13. Employment Cost Index for total compensation and wages and salaries, for private industry workers by area [Not seasonally adjusted]
Census region and metropolitan area(1) Percent changes for 12-months ended-
Total compensation(2) Wages and salaries
Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024		 Sep.
2023		 Jun.
2024		 Sep.
2024

Northeast

Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT CSA

 4.1 3.1 1.7 4.7 3.3 1.6

New York-Newark, NY-NJ-CT-PA CSA

 4.7 3.8 3.0 4.8 4.0 3.0

Philadelphia-Reading-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD CSA

 5.2 3.2 3.2 5.5 3.2 3.4

South

Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs, GA CSA

 4.0 4.4 4.8 4.6 5.4 5.6

Dallas-Fort Worth, TX-OK CSA

 3.6 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.7

Houston-The Woodlands, TX CSA

 4.3 5.2 4.6 3.9 5.1 4.4

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Port St. Lucie, FL CSA

 5.2 5.6 2.2 4.9 6.6 2.4

Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA CSA

 5.2 4.3 3.6 5.5 4.9 4.0

Midwest

Chicago-Naperville, IL-IN-WI CSA

 4.2 3.7 3.1 4.1 3.5 3.1

Detroit-Warren-Ann Arbor, MI CSA

 3.7 5.4 5.0 4.1 4.6 4.3

Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI CSA

 3.6 4.2 4.1 3.6 4.3 4.2

West

Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA CSA

 4.6 4.3 4.6 4.9 4.5 4.8

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ MSA

 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.8 3.3 3.4

San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA

 3.3 4.8 5.3 3.5 5.2 5.4

Seattle-Tacoma, WA CSA

 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.9 4.6 4.7

Footnotes
(1) These areas include Consolidated Statistical Areas (CSAs) and Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs). Beginning with the December 2018 release, area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 13-01, dated February 28, 2013. Previous area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 04-03, dated February 18, 2004. For more information on metropolitan area definitions, see www.census.gov/programs-surveys/metro-micro.html.
(2) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Last Modified Date: October 31, 2024