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Economic News Release
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Unpaid eldercare in the United States News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, September 18, 2013                     USDL-13-1886

Technical information:   (202) 691-6339  *  atusinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/tus
Media contact:           (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                   UNPAID ELDERCARE IN THE UNITED STATES--2011-2012
                       DATA FROM THE AMERICAN TIME USE SURVEY


Sixteen percent of the U.S. civilian noninstitutional population age 15 and over (39.6
million people) provide unpaid eldercare, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported
today. Nearly one-fourth of eldercare providers engage in unpaid eldercare on a given
day, spending an average of 3.2 hours providing this care. These estimates are averages
for the 2-year period of 2011-12; combining the 2 years of data facilitates a more
in-depth analysis of eldercare. 

Eldercare providers are defined as individuals who provide unpaid care to someone age
65 or older who needs help because of a condition related to aging. This care can be
provided to household or nonhousehold members, as well as persons living in retirement
homes or assisted care facilities. Eldercare can involve a range of care activities,
such as assisting with grooming, preparing meals, and providing transportation. 
Eldercare also can involve providing companionship or being available to assist when
help is needed, and thus it can be associated with nearly any activity.

Information about eldercare providers and the time they spend providing care were
collected as part of the American Time Use Survey (ATUS). The ATUS is a continuous
household survey that provides estimates on how people spend their time. For a
description of ATUS data, concepts, and methodology, see the Technical Note.

Eldercare providers in 2011-12

   --Of the 39.6 million eldercare providers in the civilian noninstitutional
     population age 15 and over, the majority (56 percent) were women. (See
     table 1.)

   --Individuals ages 45 to 54 and 55 to 64 were the most likely to provide
     eldercare (23 percent and 22 percent, respectively), followed by those
     age 65 and over (16 percent). (See table 1.)

   --Half of eldercare providers had provided care for 2 years or less, while
     15 percent had provided care for 10 years or more. (See table 2.)

   --The majority (70 percent) of eldercare providers cared for only one person.
     Twenty-two percent of eldercare providers cared for two persons, and 7
     percent cared for three or more persons. (See table 2.)

   --Eighty-five percent of eldercare providers cared only for persons with whom
     they did not live. (See table 2.)

   --Twenty-two percent of all eldercare providers were parents with children
     under age 18 living with them. (See table 2.)

   --Over half of eldercare providers ages 15 to 34 cared for a grandparent, while
     the majority of providers ages 35 to 64 cared for a parent. Providers ages 65
     and over were more likely than those in other age groups to care for a friend
     or neighbor. (See table 3.)

Time spent providing eldercare in 2011-12

   --On a given day, nearly one-fourth (23 percent) of eldercare providers engaged
     in eldercare. Eldercare providers who were ages 65 and older and those who
     were not employed were the most likely to provide care on a given day. (See
     table 4.)

   --On days they provided eldercare, persons spent an average of 3.2 hours in
     caregiving activities. Providers ages 65 and over spent the most time
     providing eldercare (4.1 hours), and providers ages 15 to 24 spent the
     least amount of time (1.3 hours). (See table 4.)

   --Eldercare providers were slightly more likely to provide care on weekend days
     than on weekdays (26 percent compared with 22 percent). They spent the same
     amount of time in caregiving on weekdays and weekend days when they provided
     care (3.2 hours). (See table 4.)

   --On days they provided eldercare, women spent more time providing this care
     than did men (3.5 hours compared with 2.9 hours). (See table 5.)

Eldercare activities in 2011-12

   --On days they provided care, 38 percent of eldercare providers engaged in
     caregiving associated with household activities, spending on average 40
     minutes per day in these activities. This includes 28 percent of providers
     who engaged in eldercare associated with food preparation and cleanup and
     12 percent who provided eldercare associated with housework. (See table 5.)

   --Thirty-six percent of eldercare providers engaged in caregiving associated
     with leisure and sports on days they provided care, spending 1.1 hours per
     day in these activities. This includes 23 percent of eldercare providers
     who engaged in eldercare associated with socializing and communicating and
     12 percent who provided care associated with watching TV. (See table 5.)

   --Women were more likely than men to provide eldercare associated with
     household activities on days they provided care (41 percent compared with
     34 percent), whereas women and men were about equally likely to provide
     eldercare associated with leisure and sports (36 percent and 35 percent).
     (See table 5.)

   --On days they provided care, 31 percent of persons caring for someone age 85
     or older provided eldercare associated with socializing and communicating,
     compared with 15 percent of providers for someone age 65 to 74. (Data refer
     to providers caring for one person only.) (See table 8.)

Eldercare providers who were parents of household children under age 18 in 2011-12

   --There were 8.9 million eldercare providers whose children under age 18 lived
     with them. Of these parents, about one-third (32 percent) had a child under
     age 6, and the remainder (68 percent) were parents whose youngest child was
     between the ages of 6 and 17. (See table 9.)

   --Forty-five percent of eldercare providers who were parents of household
     children provided care for their own parent. These persons sometimes are
     described as members of the "sandwich generation," because they are in
     between two generations that require care. (See table 9.)

   --Most (78 percent) eldercare providers who were parents were employed, and
     62 percent were employed full time. Eighty-three percent of fathers were
     employed full time, compared with 48 percent of mothers. (See table 9.)

   --Seventeen percent of eldercare providers who were parents had no spouse
     or unmarried partner present in the household. (See table 9.)

   --Eldercare providers who were parents were less likely to provide daily
     care than the overall population of eldercare providers (13 percent
     compared with 20 percent). (See tables 2 and 9.)




Technical Note

   The estimates in this release are from the American Time Use Survey (ATUS). The ATUS,
which is conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS),
is a continuous survey about how individuals age 15 and over spend their time. In the
2-year period of 2011-12, nearly 25,000 individuals were interviewed for the ATUS; of
these, approximately 3,900 individuals were identified as eldercare providers. Data
for the combined years of 2011-12 were used to facilitate a more in-depth analysis of
eldercare.

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals
upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Survey methodology

   ATUS sample households are chosen from the households that completed their
eighth (final) interview for the Current Population Survey (CPS), the nation’s
monthly household labor force survey. ATUS sample households are selected to ensure
that estimates will be nationally representative of the civilian noninstitutional
population. One individual age 15 or over is randomly chosen from each sampled
household. This person is interviewed by telephone once about his or her activities
on the day before the interview.

   All ATUS interviews are conducted using Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing.
Procedures are in place to collect information from the small number of households
that did not provide a telephone number during the CPS interview.

   ATUS designated persons are preassigned a day of the week about which to report.
Preassignment is designed to reduce variability in response rates across the week
and to allow oversampling of weekend days so that accurate weekend day measures can
be developed. Interviews occur on the day following the assigned day. For example,
a person assigned to report about a Monday would be contacted on the following
Tuesday. Ten percent of designated persons are assigned to report about each of the
five weekdays. Twenty-five percent are assigned to report about each weekend day.
Households are called for up to 8 consecutive weeks (for example, 8 Tuesdays) in
order to secure an interview.

About the questionnaire

   In the time diary portion of the ATUS interview, survey respondents sequentially
report activities they did between 4 a.m. on the day before the interview until 4 a.m.
on the day of the interview. For each activity, respondents are asked how long the
activity lasted. If respondents report doing more than one activity at a time, they
are asked to identify which one was their main (primary) activity. After completing
the time diary, interviewers ask additional questions, including questions to identify
eldercare providers and activities done as eldercare. Questions on eldercare were
added to the survey in 2011.

   After completing the interview, primary activity descriptions are assigned a single
6-digit code using the ATUS Coding Lexicon. The 3-tier coding system consists of 17
major activity categories, each with multiple second- and third-tier subcategories.
These coding lexicon categories are then combined into composite categories for
publication. Descriptions of categories shown in this release can be found in the
Activity definitions section of this Technical Note. The ATUS Coding Lexicons can be
accessed at www.bls.gov/tus/lexicons.htm.

Concepts and definitions

   Average day. The average day measure reflects an average distribution across all
persons in the reference population and all days of the week.

   Average hours per day. The average number of hours spent in a 24- hour day (between
4 a.m. on the diary day and 4 a.m. on the interview day) doing a specified activity.

   --Average hours per day, population. The average number of hours per day is computed
     using all responses from a given population, including those of respondents who
     did not do a particular activity on their diary day. These estimates reflect how
     many population members engaged in an activity and the amount of time they spent
     doing it.

   --Average hours per day, persons who did the activity. The average number of hours
     per day is computed using only responses from those who engaged in a particular
     activity on their diary day.

   Condition related to aging. An ongoing ailment or physical or emotional limitation
that typically affects older people, such as becoming more frail; having difficulty
seeing, hearing, or physically moving; becoming more forgetful; tiring more quickly;
or having specific medical ailments that are more common among older adults. It also
refers to existing conditions that become progressively worse as one ages.

   Diary day. The diary day is the day about which the respondent reports. For example,
the diary day of a respondent interviewed on Tuesday is Monday.

   Eldercare. Eldercare is providing unpaid care or assistance to an individual who
needed help because of a condition related to aging. This care can be provided by a
family member or non-family member. Care can be provided in the recipient’s home, the
provider’s home, or a care facility, such as in a nursing home.

   Eldercare can involve a range of care activities, such as assisting with grooming
and feeding, preparing meals, arranging medical care, and providing transportation.
Eldercare also can involve providing companionship or being available to assist when
help is needed, and thus it can be associated with nearly any activity.

   Estimates of the time spent providing eldercare are derived by summing the durations
of activities during which respondents provided care or assistance for an adult who
needed help because of a condition related to aging. These estimates never include
times the respondent reported sleeping, grooming, or engaging in personal care services.

   Eldercare provider. An individual who provided eldercare more than one time in the
3 to 4 months prior to the interview day. The time frame varies slightly by respondent
because the question asks about care provided between the first day of a given reference
month and the interview day. Estimates are restricted to eldercare providers caring for
at least one person age 65 or older.

Employment status

   --Employed. All persons who, at any time during the 7 days prior to the interview:

     1) Did any work at all as paid employees; worked in their own business, profession,
        or on their own farm; or usually worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in a
        family member's business; or

     2) Were not working but had jobs or businesses from which they were temporarily
        absent due to illness, bad weather, vacation, childcare problems, labor-
        management disputes, maternity or paternity leave, job training, or other
        family or personal reasons, whether or not they were paid for the time off or
        were seeking other jobs.

   --Employed full time. Full-time workers are those who usually worked 35 hours or
     more per week at all jobs combined.

   --Employed part time. Part-time workers are those who usually worked fewer than
     35 hours per week at all jobs combined.

   --Not employed. Persons are not employed if they do not meet the conditions for
     employment. The not employed include those classified as unemployed as well as
     those classified as not in the labor force (using CPS definitions).

   Household children. Household children are children under age 18 residing in the
household of the ATUS respondent.

   Primary activity. A primary activity is the main activity a respondent was doing at
a specified time.

   Weekday, weekend, and holiday estimates. Estimates for weekdays are an average of
reports about Monday through Friday. Estimates for weekend days and holidays are an
average of reports about Saturdays, Sundays, and the following holidays: New Year’s Day,
Easter, Memorial Day, the Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day.
In 2011, the telephone call center was closed the day after Christmas Day, so data were
not collected about this holiday. Data were not collected about New Year’s Day in 2012.

Activity definitions

   The following definitions describe the activities associated with eldercare appearing
in this report. These are diary activities that survey respondents identified as ones
during which they had provided care or assistance for an adult who needed help because
of a condition related to aging.

   Eating and drinking. All time spent eating or drinking, except eating and drinking
done as part of a work or volunteer activity, is classified here.

   Household activities. Household activities are those done by persons to maintain
their households. These include housework; cooking; lawn and garden care; pet care;
vehicle maintenance and repair; home maintenance, repair, decoration, and renovation;
and household management and organizational activities. Food preparation, whether or
not reported as done specifically for another household member, is always classified
as a household activity unless it was done as a volunteer, work, or income-generating
activity.

   Purchasing goods and services. This category includes the time spent obtaining,
receiving, and purchasing consumer goods, professional services, household services,
and government services. Consumer purchases include most purchases and rentals of
consumer goods. Professional services refer to financial services and banking, legal
services, medical and adult care services, real estate services, and veterinary
services. Household services include housecleaning; cooking; lawn care and landscaping;
pet care; tailoring, laundering, and dry cleaning; vehicle maintenance and repairs;
and home repairs, maintenance, and construction. This category also captures the time
spent obtaining government services--such as applying for food stamps--and purchasing
government-required licenses or paying fines or fees.

   Caring for and helping household members. Time spent doing activities to care for
members of the household, regardless of relationship to the respondent or the physical
or mental health status of the person being helped, is classified here. This category
includes a range of activities done to benefit members of households, such as providing
physical and medical care or obtaining medical services.

   Caring for and helping nonhousehold members. Caring for and helping nonhousehold
members includes activities persons do to care for or help those who do not live with
them. When done for or through an organization, time spent helping nonhousehold members
is classified as volunteering, rather than as helping nonhousehold members.

   Working and work-related activities. This category includes time spent working,
doing activities as part of one's job, engaging in income-generating activities (not
as part of one's job), and job search activities.

   Organizational, civic, and religious activities. This category captures time spent
volunteering for or through an organization, performing civic obligations, and
participating in religious and spiritual activities.

   Leisure and sports. The leisure and sports category includes sports, exercise,
and recreation; socializing and communicating; and other leisure activities. Sports,
exercise, and recreation activities include participating in--as well as attending or
watching--sports, exercise, and recreational activities. Socializing and communicating
includes face-to-face social communication and hosting or attending social functions.
Leisure activities include watching television; reading; relaxing or thinking; playing
computer, board, or card games; using a computer or the Internet for personal interest;
playing or listening to music; and other activities, such as attending arts, cultural,
and entertainment events.

   Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail. This category captures telephone communication
and handling household or personal mail or e-mail.

   Traveling. This category includes all travel, regardless of mode or purpose, as
well as security procedures related to traveling.

   Other activities, not elsewhere classified. This is a residual category intended
to capture activities not elsewhere classified in each table. These might be ambiguous
activities that could not be coded, missing activities, or activities that occurred
very infrequently. Missing activities result when respondents do not remember what
they did for a period of time, or when they consider an activity too private or
personal to report. This category includes a small amount of time that was spent in
educational activities, as no educational activities category appears in the tables.

Processing and estimation

   After ATUS data are collected, they go through an editing and imputation procedure.
Responses to CPS questions that are re-asked in the ATUS go through the regular CPS
edit and imputation procedures. Some item nonresponses for questions unique to the
ATUS also are imputed.

   ATUS records are weighted quarterly to reduce bias in the estimates due to
differences in sampling and response rates across subpopulations and days of the
week. Specifically, the data are weighted to ensure the following:

   --Weekdays represent about 5/7 of the weighted data, and weekend days represent
     about 2/7 of the weighted data for the population as a whole. The actual
     proportions depend on the number of weekdays and weekend days in a given
     quarter.

   --The sum of the weights is equal to the number of person-days in the quarter
     for the population as a whole and for selected subpopulations (the population
     times the number of days in the quarter).

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the ATUS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, estimates differ from
the true population values they represent. The component of this difference that
occurs because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate.

   Sample estimates from a given survey design are unbiased when an average of the
estimates from all possible samples would yield, hypothetically, the true population
value. In this case, the sample estimate and its standard error can be used to
construct approximate confidence intervals, or ranges of values that include the
true population value with known probabilities. If the process of selecting a
sample from the population were repeated many times, an estimate made from each
sample, and a suitable estimate of its standard error calculated for each sample,
then approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.645 standard errors below 
the estimate to 1.645 standard errors above the estimate would include the true
population value. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of
confidence.

   The ATUS data also are affected by nonsampling error, which is the average
difference between population and sample values for samples generated by a given
process. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all
respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide
correct information, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data.
Errors also could occur if non-response is correlated with time use.

   Nonsampling error and eldercare. Eldercare done for a spouse or partner may be
underreported, especially when the care provided has only recently become necessary.
For example, a survey respondent who has always prepared the family dinner may not
view cooking as an eldercare activity; if her husband is no longer capable of
preparing his own meals, though, he depends on this assistance and it meets the
definition of eldercare.

   Additionally, nonsampling error affects data on the frequency of care. Survey
respondents were asked how often they provided eldercare in recent months and
whether they provided eldercare on the diary day. Information about care provided
on the diary day was used to calculate daily participation rates. There are some
inconsistencies between the reported frequency of care and the actual provision of
eldercare on an average day. For example, in 2011-12, only 64 percent of eldercare
providers who self-reported providing care "daily" actually provided eldercare on
an average day. This discrepancy reflects some respondents’ choice of "daily"
rather than "several times a week" or another option to best describe their
eldercare frequency, even while acknowledging they had not provided care on the
diary day.

ATUS publication standards

   Estimates of average hours per day and participation rates are not published
unless there are a minimum number of respondents representing the given population.
Additional publication criteria are applied that include the number of respondents
who reported doing a specified activity and the standard error or coefficient of
variation for the estimate. Estimates that are considered "close to zero" or that
round to 0.00, are published as approximately zero or "~0."  For a detailed
description of the statistical reliability criteria necessary for publication,
please contact ATUS staff at ATUSinfo@bls.gov.




Table 1. Number and percent of the U.S. population who were eldercare providers (1) by sex and selected characteristics, averages for the
combined years 2011-12

(Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                                
                                                            Total                             Men                             Women             
                                                                                                                                                
                                                               Eldercare                        Eldercare                        Eldercare      
               Characteristic                  Civilian       providers (1)     Civilian       providers (1)     Civilian       providers (1)    
                                              noninstit-                       noninstit-                       noninstit-                      
                                                utional                          utional                          utional                       
                                              population   Number   Percent of population   Number   Percent of population   Number   Percent of
                                                                    population                       population                       population
                                                                                                                                                
                     Age                                                                                                                        
Total, 15 years and over.....................   245,521     39,564      16.1     118,933     17,500      14.7     126,588     22,064      17.4  
   15 to 24 years............................    42,553      5,330      12.5      21,579      2,569      11.9      20,975      2,761      13.2  
   25 to 34 years............................    41,170      4,050       9.8      20,484      2,035       9.9      20,686      2,015       9.7  
   35 to 44 years............................    39,570      5,060      12.8      19,431      2,301      11.8      20,140      2,758      13.7  
   45 to 54 years............................    43,773     10,106      23.1      21,397      4,267      19.9      22,377      5,839      26.1  
   55 to 64 years............................    37,656      8,366      22.2      18,110      3,517      19.4      19,546      4,849      24.8  
   65 years and over.........................    40,797      6,652      16.3      17,932      2,810      15.7      22,865      3,842      16.8  
                                                                                                                                                
  Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity(2)                                                                                                      
White........................................   200,022     33,149      16.6      97,633     14,720      15.1     102,389     18,429      18.0  
Black or African American....................    29,561      4,678      15.8      13,238      1,806      13.6      16,323      2,872      17.6  
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.................    36,452      3,792      10.4      18,534      1,943      10.5      17,919      1,849      10.3  
                                                                                                                                                
              Employment status                                                                                                                 
Employed.....................................   150,132     25,035      16.7      79,757     11,925      15.0      70,375     13,110      18.6  
   Full-time workers.........................   114,946     18,680      16.3      66,967      9,893      14.8      47,979      8,788      18.3  
   Part-time workers.........................    35,187      6,354      18.1      12,790      2,032      15.9      22,397      4,323      19.3  
Not employed.................................    95,389     14,529      15.2      39,176      5,575      14.2      56,213      8,954      15.9  
                                                                                                                                                
  Educational attainment, 25 years and over                                                                                                     
Less than a high school diploma..............    22,828      2,056       9.0      11,565      1,177      10.2      11,263        879       7.8  
High school graduates, no college............    63,398     10,062      15.9      30,554      4,597      15.0      32,844      5,465      16.6  
Some college or associate degree.............    50,922      9,552      18.8      22,977      3,579      15.6      27,945      5,973      21.4  
Bachelor's degree and higher.................    65,819     12,564      19.1      32,258      5,577      17.3      33,561      6,987      20.8  
                                                                                                                                                
 Parent of household children under 18 years                                                                                                    
Parent of one or more household children.....    67,676      8,873      13.1      29,651      3,505      11.8      38,025      5,368      14.1  
  Parent of a household child age 6 to 17,                                                                                                      
   none younger..............................    35,758      6,000      16.8      16,201      2,403      14.8      19,557      3,597      18.4  
  Parent of a household child under age 6....    31,918      2,873       9.0      13,450      1,102       8.2      18,468      1,771       9.6  
Not a parent of a household child............   177,845     30,691      17.3      89,282     13,995      15.7      88,564     16,696      18.9  
                                                                                                                                                
               Marital status                                                                                                                   
No spouse or unmarried partner present in                                                                                                       
  household..................................   108,829     15,939      14.6      49,895      6,616      13.3      58,934      9,323      15.8  
Spouse or unmarried partner present in                                                                                                          
  household..................................   136,692     23,625      17.3      69,037     10,883      15.8      67,654     12,742      18.8  

   1 Eldercare providers are those who, in the previous 3 to 4 months, cared for someone with a condition related to aging.  Estimates were
calculated for persons who cared for at least one person age 65 or older.
   2 Not all race categories are shown.  Persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race.
   NOTE: Unless otherwise specified, data refer to persons 15 years and over.




Table 2.  Eldercare providers (1) by sex and selected characteristics related to care provided, averages for the combined years 2011-12

(Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                               
                                                                                              Eldercare providers(1)                           
                                                                                                                                               
                         Characteristic                                     Total                      Men                      Women          
                                                                                                                                               
                                                                     Number       Percent      Number       Percent      Number       Percent  
                                                                                                                                               
Total, 15 years and over.........................................     39,564       100.0        17,500       100.0        22,064       100.0   
                                                                                                                                               
           Parent of household children under 18 years                                                                                         
Parent of one or more household children.........................      8,873        22.4         3,505        20.0         5,368        24.3   
  Parent of a household child age 6 to 17, none younger..........      6,000        15.2         2,403        13.7         3,597        16.3   
  Parent of a household child under age 6........................      2,873         7.3         1,102         6.3         1,771         8.0   
Not a parent of a household child................................     30,691        77.6        13,995        80.0        16,696        75.7   
                                                                                                                                               
                  Number of care recipients (2)                                                                                                
Caring for one person............................................     27,785        70.2        12,019        68.7        15,766        71.5   
Caring for two persons...........................................      8,772        22.2         4,121        23.5         4,651        21.1   
Caring for three or more persons.................................      2,926         7.4         1,340         7.7         1,586         7.2   
                                                                                                                                               
                 Relationship to care recipient                                                                                                
Total, all eldercare providers...................................     39,564         (3)        17,500         (3)        22,064         (3)   
   Caring for a spouse or unmarried partner (4)..................      1,893         4.8           766         4.4         1,127         5.1   
   Caring for a parent...........................................     16,804        42.5         7,004        40.0         9,799        44.4   
   Caring for a grandparent (5)..................................      7,312        18.5         3,300        18.9         4,012        18.2   
   Caring for another related person.............................      8,095        20.5         3,964        22.7         4,131        18.7   
   Caring for a friend or neighbor...............................      7,491        18.9         3,419        19.5         4,072        18.5   
   Caring for someone else.......................................      2,859         7.2         1,302         7.4         1,557         7.1   
                                                                                                                                               
   Eldercare providers caring for one person only................     27,785       100.0        12,019       100.0        15,766       100.0   
      Caring for a spouse or unmarried partner (4)...............      1,675         6.0           703         5.9           971         6.2   
      Caring for a parent........................................     11,293        40.6         4,444        37.0         6,849        43.4   
      Caring for a grandparent (5)...............................      4,883        17.6         2,183        18.2         2,699        17.1   
      Caring for another related person..........................      4,808        17.3         2,307        19.2         2,501        15.9   
      Caring for a friend or neighbor............................      4,053        14.6         1,874        15.6         2,179        13.8   
      Caring for someone else....................................      1,073         3.9           507         4.2           566         3.6   
                                                                                                                                               
                      Age of care recipient                                                                                                    
Total, all eldercare providers...................................     39,564         (3)        17,500         (3)        22,064         (3)   
    Caring for someone age 65 to 69..............................      5,171        13.1         2,382        13.6         2,789        12.6   
    Caring for someone age 70 to 74..............................      7,206        18.2         3,459        19.8         3,746        17.0   
    Caring for someone age 75 to 79..............................      9,225        23.3         4,129        23.6         5,095        23.1   
    Caring for someone age 80 to 84..............................     10,971        27.7         4,764        27.2         6,207        28.1   
    Caring for someone age 85 or older...........................     14,530        36.7         6,195        35.4         8,335        37.8   
                                                                                                                                               
   Eldercare providers caring for one person only................     27,785       100.0        12,019       100.0        15,766       100.0   
        Caring for someone age 65 to 69..........................      2,839        10.2         1,191         9.9         1,648        10.5   
        Caring for someone age 70 to 74..........................      3,647        13.1         1,655        13.8         1,992        12.6   
        Caring for someone age 75 to 79..........................      5,045        18.2         2,121        17.6         2,924        18.5   
        Caring for someone age 80 to 84..........................      6,347        22.8         2,865        23.8         3,482        22.1   
        Caring for someone age 85 or older.......................      9,907        35.7         4,186        34.8         5,721        36.3   
                                                                                                                                               
            Care of household or nonhousehold members                                                                                          
Provided eldercare to household member(s) only...................      5,331        13.5         2,435        13.9         2,896        13.1   
Provided eldercare to nonhousehold member(s) only................     33,557        84.8        14,638        83.6        18,919        85.7   
Provided eldercare to both household and nonhousehold person(s)..        676         1.7           426         2.4           250         1.1   
                                                                                                                                               
                      Frequency of care (6)                                                                                                    
Provided care daily..............................................      7,771        19.6         3,190        18.2         4,581        20.8   
Provided care several times a week...............................      9,316        23.5         4,057        23.2         5,259        23.8   
Provided care once a week........................................      7,918        20.0         3,749        21.4         4,169        18.9   
Provided care several times a month..............................      7,557        19.1         3,163        18.1         4,393        19.9   
Provided care once a month.......................................      5,040        12.7         2,490        14.2         2,550        11.6   
Other............................................................      1,962         5.0           849         4.9         1,112         5.0   
                                                                                                                                               
                       Duration of care (7)                                                                                                    
Provided care for less than 1 year...............................      9,056        22.9         3,644        20.8         5,412        24.5   
Provided care for 1 to 2 years...................................     10,655        26.9         4,814        27.5         5,840        26.5   
Provided care for 3 to 4 years...................................      6,633        16.8         2,982        17.0         3,651        16.5   
Provided care for 5 to 9 years...................................      7,133        18.0         3,165        18.1         3,968        18.0   
Provided care for 10 years or more...............................      6,087        15.4         2,894        16.5         3,193        14.5   

   1 Eldercare providers are those who, in the previous 3 to 4 months, cared for someone with a condition related to aging. Estimates were
calculated for persons who cared for at least one person age 65 or older.
   2 Data do not sum to total because some persons did not respond to the question identifying the number of care recipients.
   3 Categories sum to more than 100 percent because some eldercare providers cared for more than one person.
   4 Care for a spouse or unmarried partner may be underreported. See the Technical Note for more information.
   5 Refers only to persons caring for a grandparent who did not live with them. Persons caring for a grandparent with whom they lived are
included in the category "Caring for another related person."
   6 Survey participants were asked how often they provided care in the past 3 to 4 months; this information was used to categorize them by
frequency of care.
   7 For persons who provided eldercare to more than 1 person, the duration of care is calculated based on the person for whom they had cared
the longest.
   NOTE: Data refer to persons 15 years and over.




Table 3. Eldercare providers (1) by relationship to care recipient and selected characteristics of eldercare providers, averages for the combined
years 2011-12
                                                                                                                                                
                                                 Number of                     Percent(2) of eldercare providers (1) caring for                 
                                                 eldercare                                                                                      
                Characteristic                   providers                                                                                      
                                                    (in       A spouse or                   A grand-     Another     A friend or                
                                                 thousands)    unmarried      A parent     parent (4)    related      neighbor      Someone else
                                                              partner (3)                                 person                                
                     Age                                                                                                                           
Total, 15 years and over......................     39,564          4.8          42.5          18.5          20.5          18.9           7.2    
   15 to 24 years.............................      5,330          ~0            7.5          68.6          15.6          11.6           6.7    
   25 to 34 years.............................      4,050          ~0           16.0          55.2          11.0          18.5           9.2    
   35 to 44 years.............................      5,060          ~0           51.6          18.7          20.3          15.8           9.7    
   45 to 54 years.............................     10,106          1.0          66.3           4.1          23.5          13.7           5.2    
   55 to 64 years.............................      8,366          2.4          58.9            .7          26.6          18.7           6.4    
   65 years and over..........................      6,652         23.9          22.8           ~0           17.8          35.7           8.8    
                                                                                                                                                
                     Sex                                                                                                                        
Men...........................................     17,500          4.4          40.0          18.9          22.7          19.5           7.4    
Women.........................................     22,064          5.1          44.4          18.2          18.7          18.5           7.1    
                                                                                                                                                
   Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity (5)                                                                                                    
White.........................................     33,149          5.0          42.4          17.1          20.6          19.2           6.9    
Black or African American.....................      4,678          5.0          42.9          24.6          18.1          17.8           9.3    
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity..................      3,792          4.3          35.7          21.0          22.6          17.4           8.7    
                                                                                                                                                
              Employment status                                                                                                                 
Employed......................................     25,035          1.7          48.2          19.5          20.9          16.3           6.6    
   Full-time workers..........................     18,680          1.2          52.1          18.0          20.5          14.9           6.5    
   Part-time workers..........................      6,354          2.9          36.5          23.8          21.8          20.4           6.8    
Not employed..................................     14,529         10.2          32.7          16.7          19.8          23.5           8.3    
                                                                                                                                                
  Educational attainment, 25 years and over                                                                                                     
Less than a high school diploma...............      2,056         18.4          33.4           7.0          20.3          28.3           8.1    
High school graduates, no college.............     10,062          5.9          50.1           8.5          20.0          18.0           8.1    
Some college or associate degree..............      9,552          4.6          49.4          12.1          20.9          19.6           6.1    
Bachelor's degree and higher..................     12,564          3.9          47.4          11.9          22.6          20.8           7.4    
                                                                                                                                                
  Parent of household children under 18 years                                                                                                     
Parent of one or more household children......      8,873          0.1          45.3          22.2          23.6          18.0           5.9    
  Parent of a household child age 6 to 17,                                                                                                      
   none younger...............................      6,000           .2          53.3          12.1          26.7          18.1           6.6    
  Parent of a household child under age 6.....      2,873          ~0           28.5          43.3          17.2          17.8           4.5    
Not a parent of a household child.............     30,691          6.1          41.7          17.4          19.6          19.2           7.6    
                                                                                                                                                
                Marital status                                                                                                                  
No spouse or unmarried partner present in                                                                                                       
  household...................................     15,939           .6          35.6          30.4          12.7          21.7           9.4    
Spouse or unmarried partner present in                                                                                                          
  household...................................     23,625          7.6          47.1          10.5          25.7          17.1           5.7    

   1 Eldercare providers are those who, in the previous 3 to 4 months, cared for someone with a condition related to aging.  Estimates were
calculated for persons who cared for at least one person age 65 or older.
   2 Categories sum to more than 100 percent because some eldercare providers cared for multiple persons with whom they had different
relationships.
   3 Care for a spouse or unmarried partner may be underreported. See the Technical Note for more information.
   4 Refers only to persons caring for a grandparent who did not live with them. Persons caring for a grandparent with whom they lived are
included in the category "Another related person."
   5 Not all race categories are shown.  Persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race.
  ~0 Estimate is approximately zero.
   NOTE: Unless otherwise specified, data refer to persons 15 years and over.




Table 4.  Percent of eldercare providers (1) who provided care on an average day and time spent providing this care by day of week and selected  
characteristics, averages for the combined years 2011-12
                                                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                         Average hours per day   
                                                             Percent of eldercare         Average hours per day         eldercare providers (1)  
                                              Number of   providers (1) who provided    eldercare providers (1)         spent providing care on  
                                              eldercare     care on an average day        spent providing care            days they engaged in   
                                              providers                                                                         eldercare        
               Characteristic                    (in                                                                                             
                                              thousands)                                                                                         
                                                          Total,             Weekends   Total,             Weekends   Total,             Weekends
                                                         all days  Weekdays    and     all days  Weekdays    and     all days  Weekdays    and   
                                                                             holidays                      holidays                      holidays
                                                                                                                                                 
                     Age                                                                                                                         
Total, 15 years and over.....................   39,564     23.0      21.9      25.7       0.74      0.71      0.83      3.22      3.23      3.21 
  15 to 24 years.............................    5,330     15.4      15.4      15.2        .19       .21       .15      1.25      (9)       (9)  
  25 to 34 years.............................    4,050     12.9       8.8      20.1        .38      (9)        .66      2.99      (9)       3.27 
  35 to 44 years.............................    5,060     20.5      20.0      21.6        .50       .47       .57      2.45      2.36      2.63 
  45 to 54 years.............................   10,106     22.3      22.4      22.0        .73       .74       .71      3.27      3.29      3.22 
  55 to 64 years.............................    8,366     26.0      22.9      33.6        .90       .80      1.13      3.45      3.51      3.35 
  65 years and over..........................    6,652     34.7      33.6      37.3       1.41      1.38      1.48      4.07      4.11      3.98 
                                                                                                                                                 
                     Sex                                                                                                                         
Men..........................................   17,500     20.8      18.8      25.8        .60       .51       .80      2.86      2.74      3.08 
Women........................................   22,064     24.8      24.4      25.6        .86       .86       .85      3.47      3.54      3.31 
                                                                                                                                                 
  Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity (2)                                                                                                      
White........................................   33,149     22.3      20.9      25.2        .69       .65       .79      3.11      3.11      3.11 
Black or African American....................    4,678     30.5      30.8      30.0       1.12      1.11      1.16      3.68      3.61      3.88 
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.................    3,792     28.1      31.6      21.1        .79       .88       .62      2.82      2.79      2.93 
                                                                                                                                                 
              Employment status                                                                                                                  
Employed.....................................   25,035     19.1      17.5      22.8        .45       .39       .59      2.34      2.21      2.57 
  Full-time workers..........................   18,680     17.9      16.1      22.0        .44       .37       .60      2.47      2.30      2.75 
  Part-time workers..........................    6,354     22.6      21.4      25.4        .46       .43       .52      2.03      2.02      2.06 
Not employed.................................   14,529     29.8      29.5      30.5       1.25      1.26      1.22      4.20      4.29      4.02 
                                                                                                                                                 
  Educational attainment, 25 years and over                                                                                                      
Less than a high school diploma..............    2,056     32.9       (9)      27.0       1.26      1.38      1.07      3.82      3.76      3.95 
High school graduates, no college............   10,062     25.1      23.2      29.4        .82       .77       .93      3.26      3.32      3.16 
Some college or associate degree.............    9,552     25.4      24.3      27.9        .95       .92      1.02      3.74      3.78      3.66 
Bachelor's degree and higher.................   12,564     21.2      19.7      24.5        .67       .62       .79      3.18      3.15      3.23 
                                                                                                                                                 
 Parent of household children under 18 years                                                                                                     
Parent of one or more household children.....    8,873     17.4      16.9      18.5       0.53      0.51      0.59      3.07      3.01      3.18 
  Parent of a household child age 6 to 17,                                                                                                       
   none younger..............................    6,000     19.9      19.3      21.0        .65       .58       .78      3.25      3.00      3.73 
  Parent of a household child under age 6....    2,873     12.3      11.4      13.7       (9)       (9)        .22      (9)       (9)       1.61 
Not a parent of a household child............   30,691     24.6      23.2      28.0        .80       .76       .90      3.26      3.28      3.22 
                                                                                                                                                 
               Marital status                                                                                                                    
No spouse or unmarried partner present in                                                                                                        
 household...................................   15,939     24.1      23.6      25.4        .71       .71       .71      2.94      3.01      2.79 
Spouse or unmarried partner present in                                                                                                           
 household...................................   23,625     22.3      20.6      25.9        .76       .70       .90      3.43      3.40      3.48 
                                                                                                                                                 
        Number of care recipients (3)                                                                                                            
Caring for one person........................   27,785     24.5      24.0      25.7        .84       .80       .94      3.44      3.35      3.65 
Caring for two persons.......................    8,772     19.4      16.3      25.9        .51       .47       .58      2.62      2.91      2.24 
Caring for three or more persons.............    2,926     20.5      18.1      25.9        .50       .47       .59      2.46      2.59      2.26 
                                                                                                                                                 
      Relationship to care recipient (4)                                                                                                         
Eldercare providers caring for one person                                                                                                        
 only........................................   27,785     24.5      24.0      25.7        .84       .80       .94      3.44      3.35      3.65 
   Caring for a spouse or unmarried                                                                                                              
    partner (5)..............................    1,675     71.4       (9)       (9)       3.98      4.03      3.89      5.58      5.67      5.39 
   Caring for a parent.......................   11,293     28.5      28.3      29.0        .94       .90      1.04      3.31      3.20      3.57 
   Caring for a grandparent (6)..............    4,883     13.2      13.2      13.3        .25      (9)        .26      1.91      (9)       1.99 
   Caring for another related person.........    4,808     20.3      18.1      25.1        .64       .51      (9)       3.13      2.84      3.58 
   Caring for a friend or neighbor...........    4,053     14.8      14.5      15.6        .28       .28      (9)       1.90      1.92      (9)  
                                                                                                                                                 
        Age of care recipient                                                                                                                    
Eldercare providers caring for one person                                                                                                        
 only........................................   27,785     24.5      24.0      25.7       0.84      0.80      0.94      3.44      3.35      3.65 
  Caring for someone age 65 to 69............    2,839     23.6      24.2      22.4        .52      (9)        .53      2.20      (9)       2.38 
  Caring for someone age 70 to 74............    3,647     22.4      19.6      29.0        .79       .75       .86      3.51      3.85      2.98 
  Caring for someone age 75 to 79............    5,045     25.5      25.6      25.2        .88       .87       .91      3.46      3.41      3.60 
  Caring for someone age 80 to 84............    6,347     25.3      26.5      22.4        .83       .86       .74      3.26      3.25      3.28 
  Caring for someone age 85 or older.........    9,907     24.5      23.1      27.6        .95       .83      1.22      3.87      3.58      4.41 
                                                                                                                                                 
Care of household or nonhousehold members(4)                                                                                                     
Provided eldercare to household member(s)                                                                                                        
 only........................................    5,331     65.2      64.7      66.3       2.86      2.78      3.04      4.38      4.29      4.58 
Provided eldercare to nonhousehold member(s)                                                                                                     
 only........................................   33,557     16.3      15.2      18.8        .41       .39       .46      2.52      2.55      2.47 
                                                                                                                                                 
            Frequency of care (7)                                                                                                                
Provided care daily..........................    7,771     64.4      63.3      67.0       2.64      2.57      2.80      4.10      4.06      4.18 
Provided care several times a week...........    9,316     25.5      25.7      25.1        .57       .58       .56      2.24      2.25      2.22 
Provided care once a week....................    7,918     10.7       7.0      19.4        .23       .16       .40      2.17      2.29      2.07 
Provided care several times a month..........    7,557      7.9       7.4       8.9        .14       .13       .17      1.77      1.69      1.93 
Provided care once a month...................    5,040      2.2       1.8       3.3        .05      (9)        .09      2.36      (9)       (9)  
                                                                                                                                                 
             Duration of care (8)                                                                                                                
Provided care for less than 1 year...........    9,056     17.5      17.7      17.0        .52       .53       .51      2.97      2.97      2.98 
Provided care for 1 to 2 years...............   10,655     22.9      22.2      24.4        .75       .79       .66      3.29      3.58      2.71 
Provided care for 3 to 4 years...............    6,633     27.6      25.1      33.6        .94       .97       .88      3.41      3.85      2.62 
Provided care for 5 to 9 years...............    7,133     25.5      24.7      27.1        .80       .62      1.17      3.12      2.49      4.30 
Provided care for 10 years or more...........    6,087     23.6      20.8      30.3        .78       .64      1.09      3.28      3.09      3.60 
                                                                                                                                                 
   1 Eldercare providers are those who, in the previous 3 to 4 months, cared for someone with a condition related to aging.  Estimates were 
calculated for persons who cared for at least one person age 65 or older.
   2 Not all race categories are shown. Persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race.
   3 Data do not sum to total because some persons did not respond to the question identifying the number of care recipients.
   4 Not all categories are shown.
   5 Care for a spouse or unmarried partner may be underreported.  See the Technical Note for more information.
   6 Refers only to persons caring for a grandparent who did not live with them. Persons caring for a grandparent with whom they lived are
included in the category "Caring for another related person."
   7 Survey participants were asked how often they provided care in the past 3 to 4 months; this information was used to categorize them by
frequency of care. Corresponding time and percent estimates were measured using information about care provided on the diary day. Not all
categories are shown.
   8 For persons who provided eldercare to more than one person, the duration of care is calculated based on the person for whom they had cared
the longest.
   9 Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.
   NOTE: Unless otherwise specified, data refer to persons 15 years and over.




Table 5. Time spent providing eldercare and percent of eldercare providers(1) engaging in caregiving by sex and caregiving activity, averages for the combined years 2011-12  
                                                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                       Eldercare providers (1)                                
                                                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                    On days they provided care                
                                Caregiving activity                                                                                                                           
                                                                                      Percent distribution of time   Percent(2) who engaged in   Average hours spent providing
                                                                                      spent in selected eldercare       caregiving activity                   care            
                                                                                               activities                                                                     
                                                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                       Total      Men      Women     Total      Men      Women     Total      Men      Women  
                                                                                                                                                                              
Total, activities reported as care done for those age 65 and over...................   100.0     100.0     100.0       (2)       (2)       (2)       3.22      2.86      3.47 
  Eating and drinking...............................................................     7.1       6.2       7.5      22.2      20.4      23.5        .23       .18       .26 
  Household activities..............................................................    20.9      19.2      21.9      38.2      34.0      41.1        .67       .55       .76 
    Housework.......................................................................     6.3       4.2       7.5      11.5       8.3      13.6        .20       .12       .26 
    Food preparation and cleanup....................................................     9.5       8.3      10.1      28.1      23.5      31.1        .31       .24       .35 
    Lawn and garden care............................................................     1.9       2.7       1.5       3.5       4.1       3.1        .06       .08       .05 
    Household management............................................................     1.2        .9       1.4       5.8       4.8       6.6        .04       .03       .05 
  Purchasing goods and services.....................................................     4.2       4.3       4.1      14.5      13.7      15.0        .13       .12       .14 
  Caring for and helping household members..........................................     6.4       6.1       6.5      19.0      18.2      19.6        .21       .17       .23 
    Caring for household adults.....................................................     5.3       4.8       5.6      15.7      15.0      16.2        .17       .14       .19 
      Physical care for household adults............................................     3.2       1.7       4.1       8.6       7.8       9.1        .10       .05       .14 
      Providing medical care to household adults....................................      .7        .8        .7       7.0       7.1       6.9        .02       .02       .02 
    Helping household adults........................................................      .6       1.0        .4       4.1       5.6       3.2        .02       .03       .02 
  Caring for and helping nonhousehold members.......................................    10.1       9.1      10.6      24.7      21.0      27.2        .33       .26       .37 
    Caring for nonhousehold adults..................................................     3.7       1.8       4.7       8.9       4.5      11.8        .12       .05       .16 
      Physical care for nonhousehold adults.........................................     1.8       1.0       2.2       4.1       1.7       5.7        .06       .03       .08 
      Providing medical care to nonhousehold adults.................................      .4        .1        .6       2.5       1.5       3.2        .01      (3)        .02 
    Helping nonhousehold adults.....................................................     6.2       7.3       5.6      17.6      18.1      17.3        .20       .21       .19 
      Housework, cooking, and shopping assistance for nonhousehold adults...........     2.3       1.8       2.5       6.1       6.3       5.9        .07       .05       .09 
      House and lawn maintenance and repair assistance for nonhousehold adults......     1.8       2.6       1.4       2.5       3.6       1.8        .06       .07       .05 
      Picking up and dropping off nonhousehold adults...............................      .6        .6        .6       6.1       4.1       7.3        .02       .02       .02 
  Working and work-related activities...............................................     4.4       5.4       3.9       3.7       4.0       3.6        .14       .16       .13 
  Organizational, civic, and religious activities...................................     2.4       1.9       2.7       4.4       3.4       5.1        .08       .05       .09 
  Leisure and sports................................................................    33.7      38.5      31.0      35.8      35.2      36.2       1.09      1.10      1.07 
    Socializing and communicating...................................................    13.1      13.0      13.1      23.4      22.1      24.3        .42       .37       .45 
    Watching TV.....................................................................    13.7      19.1      10.7      11.6      10.2      12.5        .44       .55       .37 
    Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation...............................     1.5       1.7       1.4       2.7       3.5       2.1        .05       .05       .05 
  Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail.................................................     1.0        .5       1.3       5.8       4.3       6.8        .03       .01       .05 
  Traveling.........................................................................     8.1       7.0       8.7      27.1      25.8      27.9        .26       .20       .30 
  Other activities, not elsewhere classified........................................     1.8       1.7       1.8       5.4       4.0       6.3        .06      (3)        .06 
                                                                                                                                                                              
   1 Eldercare providers are those who, in the previous 3 to 4 months, cared for someone with a condition related to aging. Estimates were calculated for persons who cared
for at least one person age 65 or older.
   2 Percents sum to more than 100 percent because some eldercare providers did more than one care activity on days they provided care.
   3 Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.
   NOTE: Data refer to persons 15 years and over.




Table 6. Time spent providing eldercare and percent of eldercare providers(1) engaging in caregiving by day of week and caregiving activity, averages for the combined years
2011-12
                                                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                       Eldercare providers (1)                                
                                                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                    On days they provided care                
                                                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                                                              
                                Caregiving activity                                   Percent distribution of time   Percent(2) who engaged in   Average hours spent providing
                                                                                      spent in selected eldercare       caregiving activity                   care            
                                                                                               activities  
                                                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                          Weekends                      Weekends                      Weekends
                                                                                       Total    Weekdays    and      Total    Weekdays    and      Total    Weekdays    and   
                                                                                                          holidays                      holidays                      holidays
                                                                                                                                                                              
Total, activities reported as care done for those age 65 and over...................   100.0     100.0     100.0       (2)       (2)       (2)       3.22      3.23      3.21 
  Eating and drinking...............................................................     7.1       5.9       9.2      22.2      20.2      26.3        .23       .19       .30 
  Household activities..............................................................    20.9      21.1      20.5      38.2      39.9      35.0        .67       .68       .66 
    Housework.......................................................................     6.3       6.9       5.1      11.5      11.3      11.8        .20       .22       .17 
    Food preparation and cleanup....................................................     9.5       9.4       9.7      28.1      30.3      23.8        .31       .30       .31 
    Lawn and garden care............................................................     1.9       1.6       2.7       3.5       3.4       3.6        .06       .05       .09 
    Household management............................................................     1.2       1.3       1.0       5.8       6.8       4.0        .04       .04       .03 
  Purchasing goods and services.....................................................     4.2       4.5       3.5      14.5      15.3      12.8        .13       .15       .11 
  Caring for and helping household members..........................................     6.4       6.7       5.7      19.0      20.8      15.6        .21       .22       .18 
    Caring for household adults.....................................................     5.3       5.6       4.8      15.7      16.7      13.7        .17       .18       .15 
      Physical care for household adults............................................     3.2       2.9       3.8       8.6       8.6       8.5        .10       .09       .12 
      Providing medical care to household adults....................................      .7        .6        .9       7.0       6.8       7.2        .02       .02       .03 
    Helping household adults........................................................      .6        .6        .6       4.1       4.7       3.1        .02       .02      (3)  
  Caring for and helping nonhousehold members.......................................    10.1      10.3       9.6      24.7      24.7      24.8        .33       .33       .31 
    Caring for nonhousehold adults..................................................     3.7       4.6       1.9       8.9      10.0       6.7        .12       .15       .06 
      Physical care for nonhousehold adults.........................................     1.8       1.9       1.6       4.1       4.0       4.4        .06       .06       .05 
      Providing medical care to nonhousehold adults.................................      .4        .5        .1       2.5       2.8       2.0        .01       .02       ~0  
    Helping nonhousehold adults.....................................................     6.2       5.4       7.6      17.6      17.2      18.3        .20       .18       .25 
      Housework, cooking, and shopping assistance for nonhousehold adults...........     2.3       2.0       2.8       6.1       5.8       6.5        .07       .06       .09 
      House and lawn maintenance and repair assistance for nonhousehold adults......     1.8       1.1       3.3       2.5       1.9       3.7        .06       .04       .11 
      Picking up and dropping off nonhousehold adults...............................      .6        .6        .6       6.1       6.2       5.7        .02       .02       .02 
  Working and work-related activities...............................................     4.4       4.6       4.0       3.7       4.2       2.8        .14       .15       .13 
  Organizational, civic, and religious activities...................................     2.4       2.0       3.1       4.4       3.6       6.0        .08       .07       .10 
  Leisure and sports................................................................    33.7      32.2      36.5      35.8      34.3      38.6       1.09      1.04      1.17 
    Socializing and communicating...................................................    13.1      12.3      14.6      23.4      22.6      24.9        .42       .40       .47 
    Watching TV.....................................................................    13.7      12.8      15.5      11.6      10.5      13.8        .44       .41       .50 
    Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation...............................     1.5       2.0        .5       2.7       3.3       1.5        .05       .06      (3)  
  Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail.................................................     1.0       1.0       1.0       5.8       6.2       5.1        .03       .03       .03 
  Traveling.........................................................................     8.1       9.8       4.8      27.1      30.3      20.7        .26       .32       .15 
  Other activities, not elsewhere classified........................................     1.8       1.7       2.0       5.4       6.3       3.6        .06       .05       .06 
                                                                                                                                                                              
   1 Eldercare providers are those who, in the previous 3 to 4 months, cared for someone with a condition related to aging.  Estimates were calculated for persons who cared
for at least one person age 65 or older.
   2 Percents sum to more than 100 percent because some eldercare providers did more than one care activity on days they provided care.
   3 Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.
  ~0 Estimate is approximately zero.
   NOTE: Data refer to persons 15 years and over.




Table 7. Percent of eldercare providers (1) and time spent in caregiving on days they provided care by frequency of care and caregiving activity, averages for the
combined years 2011-12
                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                       Percent(2) of eldercare providers (1)       Average hours per day eldercare  
                                                                                      who engaged in caregiving activities,      providers (1) spent providing care 
                                                                                            on days they provided care           on days they engaged in eldercare  
                                                                                                                                                                    
                                Caregiving activity                                                 Frequency of care (3)                    Frequency of care (3)  
                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                       Total                                   Total                                
                                                                                                          Several    Once a                       Several    Once a 
                                                                                                 Daily   times per  week or              Daily   times per  week or 
                                                                                                            week      less                          week      less  
                                                                                                                                                                    
Total, activities reported as care done for those age 65 and over...................     (2)       (2)       (2)       (2)       3.22      4.10      2.24      2.03 
  Eating and drinking...............................................................    22.2      30.5      13.7       9.1        .23       .32       .12       .10 
  Household activities..............................................................    38.2      50.1      27.2      18.7        .67      1.02       .31       .14 
    Housework.......................................................................    11.5      15.9       7.0       4.5        .20       .30       .12       (4) 
    Food preparation and cleanup....................................................    28.1      41.9      11.7      10.0        .31       .48       .11       .06 
    Lawn and garden care............................................................     3.5       4.0       3.8       1.9        .06       .08       (4)       (4) 
    Household management............................................................     5.8       6.8       5.6       3.3        .04       .05       (4)       (4) 
  Purchasing goods and services.....................................................    14.5      15.3      14.0      13.4        .13       .14       .15       .11 
  Caring for and helping household members..........................................    19.0      31.1       1.9       8.3        .21       .33       (4)       .11 
    Caring for household adults.....................................................    15.7      26.8        .3       5.2        .17       .28       (4)       (4) 
      Physical care for household adults............................................     8.6      15.5        .3       ~0         .10       .19       (4)       (4) 
      Providing medical care to household adults....................................     7.0      11.8        .3       2.5        .02       .04       (4)       (4) 
    Helping household adults........................................................     4.1       6.5        .5       2.5        .02       .03       (4)       (4) 
  Caring for and helping nonhousehold members.......................................    24.7      13.9      40.2      32.5        .33       .24       .43       .40 
    Caring for nonhousehold adults..................................................     8.9       6.9      14.2       7.7        .12       .09       .15       (4) 
      Physical care for nonhousehold adults.........................................     4.1       3.8       5.3       3.7        .06       .06       .07       (4) 
      Providing medical care to nonhousehold adults.................................     2.5       2.1       4.0       1.7        .01       .01       .03       (4) 
    Helping nonhousehold adults.....................................................    17.6       8.6      30.6      26.6        .20       .15       .28       .24 
      Housework, cooking, and shopping assistance for nonhousehold adults...........     6.1       2.7      12.5       7.6        .07       .04       .12       .10 
      House and lawn maintenance and repair assistance for nonhousehold adults......     2.5       1.6       2.3       6.0        .06       (4)       .04       .08 
      Picking up and dropping off nonhousehold adults...............................     6.1       3.1      10.5       8.3        .02       .01       .04       .02 
  Working and work-related activities...............................................     3.7       4.6       3.6       1.4        .14       .21       (4)       (4) 
  Organizational, civic, and religious activities...................................     4.4       5.0       3.2       4.6        .08       .07       .08       .08 
  Leisure and sports................................................................    35.8      38.7      31.0      34.8       1.09      1.42       .62       .78 
    Socializing and communicating...................................................    23.4      20.4      25.5      31.4        .42       .34       .49       .60 
    Watching TV.....................................................................    11.6      19.3       2.4       1.8        .44       .76       .04       (4) 
    Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation...............................     2.7       3.9        .2       2.3        .05       .05       (4)       (4) 
  Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail.................................................     5.8       5.8       5.7       6.1        .03       .04       .03       .02 
  Traveling.........................................................................    27.1      25.8      27.6      31.8        .26       .23       (4)       .27 
  Other activities, not elsewhere classified........................................     5.4       6.7       4.5       2.9        .06       .08       (4)       (4) 
                                                                                                                                                                    
   1 Eldercare providers are those who, in the previous 3 to 4 months, cared for someone with a condition related to aging. Estimates were calculated for persons
who cared for at least one person age 65 or older.
   2 Percents sum to more than 100 percent because some eldercare providers did more than one care activity on days they provided care.
   3 Survey participants were asked how often they provided care in the past 3 to 4 months; this information was used to categorize them by frequency of care.
   4 Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.
  ~0 Estimate is approximately zero.
   NOTE: Data refer to persons 15 years and over.




Table 8. Percent of eldercare providers(1) who cared for one person only by age of eldercare recipient and caregiving activity, averages for the
combined years 2011-12                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                          Percent (2) of eldercare providers(1) who cared for one   
                                                                                                    person only, on days they provided care         
                                                                                                                                                    
                                Caregiving activity                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                  Age of care recipient             
                                                                                          Total                                                     
                                                                                                         65 to 74        75 to 84      85 or older  
                                                                                                                                                    
Total, activities reported as care done for those age 65 and over...................        (2)             (2)             (2)             (2)     
  Eating and drinking...............................................................       23.8            17.3            23.6            28.1     
  Household activities..............................................................       41.3            38.0            41.9            42.5     
    Housework.......................................................................       13.1            11.7            13.2            14.0     
    Food preparation and cleanup....................................................       32.0            24.8            32.5            35.8     
    Lawn and garden care............................................................        3.4             2.7             4.2             3.0     
    Household management............................................................        5.7             7.4             5.8             4.5     
  Purchasing goods and services.....................................................       15.1            12.6            17.7            13.4     
  Caring for and helping household members..........................................       22.5            24.8            20.0            24.2     
    Caring for household adults.....................................................       18.8            19.4            16.8            20.8     
      Physical care for household adults............................................       10.5             7.6            11.0            11.6     
      Providing medical care to household adults....................................        8.4            12.0             6.1             9.0     
    Helping household adults........................................................        5.0             6.6             4.2             5.0     
  Caring for and helping nonhousehold members.......................................       22.2            19.9            26.8            18.2     
    Caring for nonhousehold adults..................................................        8.4             8.8             9.0             7.5     
      Physical care for nonhousehold adults.........................................        3.4             4.3             3.1             3.3     
      Providing medical care to nonhousehold adults.................................        2.2             1.4             2.9             1.9     
    Helping nonhousehold adults.....................................................       15.0            11.2            18.5            13.3     
      Housework, cooking, and shopping assistance for nonhousehold adults...........        4.9             5.7             5.2             4.2     
      House and lawn maintenance and repair assistance for nonhousehold adults......        1.8              .2             2.4             2.0     
      Picking up and dropping off nonhousehold adults...............................        4.3              .5             7.4             2.8     
  Working and work-related activities...............................................        4.1             4.1             3.4             5.0     
  Organizational, civic, and religious activities...................................        4.3             7.0             2.7             4.5     
  Leisure and sports................................................................       35.3            26.7            31.8            44.7     
    Socializing and communicating...................................................       21.5            14.7            17.3            30.7     
    Watching TV.....................................................................       13.4            10.2            12.6            16.2     
    Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation...............................        2.9             1.2             2.6             4.3     
  Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail.................................................        4.9             1.6             4.3             7.5     
  Traveling.........................................................................       26.6            25.7            28.3            25.1     
  Other activities, not elsewhere classified........................................        5.6             9.0             4.6             4.6     
                                                                                                                                                    
  1 Eldercare providers are those who, in the previous 3 to 4 months, cared for someone with a condition related to aging. Estimates were
calculated for persons who cared for at least one person age 65 or older.
  2 Percents sum to more than 100 percent because some eldercare providers did more than one care activity on days they provided care.
  NOTE: Data refer to persons 15 years and over.




Table 9.  Number and percent of eldercare providers (1) who were parents of household children under age 18 by sex and selected
characteristics, averages for the combined years 2011-12

(Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                  
                                                         Eldercare providers (1) with children under age 18 living at home        
                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                  
                Characteristic                            Total                        Men                        Women           
                                                                                                                                  
                                                   Number       Percent        Number       Percent        Number       Percent   
                                                                                                                                  
  Parent of household children under 18 years                                                                                     
Total, parent of one or more household                                                                                            
 children.....................................      8,873        100.0          3,505        100.0          5,368        100.0    
  Parent of a household child age 6 to 17,                                                                                        
   none younger...............................      6,000         67.6          2,403         68.6          3,597         67.0    
  Parent of a household child under age 6.....      2,873         32.4          1,102         31.4          1,771         33.0    
                                                                                                                                  
              Employment status                                                                                                   
Employed......................................      6,911         77.9          3,122         89.1          3,789         70.6    
   Full-time workers..........................      5,484         61.8          2,900         82.7          2,584         48.1    
   Part-time workers..........................      1,427         16.1            222          6.3          1,205         22.4    
Not employed..................................      1,962         22.1            383         10.9          1,579         29.4    
                                                                                                                                  
                Marital status                                                                                                    
No spouse or unmarried partner present in                                                                                         
 household....................................      1,464         16.5            218          6.2          1,246         23.2    
Spouse or unmarried partner present in                                                                                            
 household....................................      7,409         83.5          3,287         93.8          4,122         76.8    
                                                                                                                                  
         Number of care recipients (2)                                                                                            
Caring for one person.........................      6,082         68.5          2,201         62.8          3,882         72.3    
Caring for two persons........................      1,994         22.5            835         23.8          1,159         21.6    
Caring for three or more persons..............        789          8.9            464         13.3            325          6.1    
                                                                                                                                  
        Relationship to care recipient                                                                                            
Total, all eldercare providers................      8,873          (3)          3,505          (3)          5,368          (3)    
   Caring for a spouse or unmarried partner (4)        12           .1            ~0           ~0              12           .2    
   Caring for a parent........................      4,020         45.3          1,636         46.7          2,384         44.4    
   Caring for a grandparent(5)................      1,970         22.2            612         17.5          1,357         25.3    
   Caring for another related person..........      2,095         23.6            925         26.4          1,170         21.8    
   Caring for a friend or neighbor............      1,599         18.0            680         19.4            919         17.1    
   Caring for someone else....................        524          5.9            270          7.7            254          4.7    
                                                                                                                                  
            Age of care recipient                                                                                                 
Total, all eldercare providers................      8,873          (3)          3,505          (3)          5,368          (3)    
   Caring for someone age 65 to 69............      1,572         17.7            665         19.0            908         16.9    
   Caring for someone age 70 to 74............      2,161         24.4          1,099         31.4          1,061         19.8    
   Caring for someone age 75 to 79............      2,216         25.0            901         25.7          1,314         24.5    
   Caring for someone age 80 to 84............      2,282         25.7            872         24.9          1,409         26.3    
   Caring for someone age 85 or older.........      2,550         28.7            875         25.0          1,675         31.2    
                                                                                                                                  
 Care of household or nonhousehold members (6)                                                                                    
Provided eldercare to household member(s) only        645          7.3            210          6.0            435          8.1    
Provided eldercare to nonhousehold member(s)                                                                                      
 only.........................................      8,168         92.0          3,274         93.4          4,894         91.2    
                                                                                                                                  
             Frequency of care (7)                                                                                                
Provided care daily...........................      1,164         13.1            347          9.9            816         15.2    
Provided care several times a week............      2,204         24.8            874         24.9          1,330         24.8    
Provided care once a week.....................      1,998         22.5            765         21.8          1,233         23.0    
Provided care several times a month...........      1,896         21.4            840         24.0          1,056         19.7    
Provided care once a month....................      1,163         13.1            501         14.3            662         12.3    
Other.........................................        448          5.0            178          5.1            270          5.0    
                                                                                                                                  
             Duration of care (8)                                                                                                 
Provided care for less than 1 year............      2,022         22.8            737         21.0          1,285         23.9    
Provided care for 1 to 2 years................      2,317         26.1            909         25.9          1,408         26.2    
Provided care for 3 to 4 years................      1,328         15.0            502         14.3            826         15.4    
Provided care for 5 to 9 years................      1,650         18.6            728         20.8            922         17.2    
Provided care for 10 years or more............      1,556         17.5            629         17.9            928         17.3    
                                                                                                                                  
   1 Eldercare providers are those who, in the previous 3 to 4 months, cared for someone with a condition related to aging.
Estimates were calculated for persons who cared for at least one person age 65 or older.
   2 Data do not sum to total because some persons did not respond to the question identifying the number of care recipients.
   3 Categories sum to more than 100 percent because some eldercare providers cared for more than one person.
   4 Care for a spouse or unmarried partner may be underreported. See the Technical Note for more information.
   5 Refers only to persons caring for a grandparent who did not live with them. Persons caring for a grandparent with whom they
lived are included in the category "Caring for another related person."
   6 Not all subcategories are shown.
   7 Survey participants were asked how often they provided care in the past 3 to 4 months; this information was used to
categorize
them by frequency of care.
   8 For persons who provided eldercare to more than 1 person, the duration of care is calculated based on the person for whom
they had cared the longest.
  ~0 Estimate is approximately zero.
   NOTE: Data refer to persons 15 years and over.




Last Modified Date: September 18, 2013