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Economic News Release
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Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed                   USDL-14-0002
until 8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, January 10, 2014

Technical information:
 Household data:       (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:   (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                      THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- DECEMBER 2013


The unemployment rate declined from 7.0 percent to 6.7 percent in 
December, while total nonfarm payroll employment edged up (+74,000), 
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment rose 
in retail trade and wholesale trade but was down in information. 

 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|               Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data	      |
|                                                                             |
| Seasonally adjusted household survey data have been revised using updated   | 
| seasonal adjustment factors, a procedure done at the end of each calendar   | 
| year. Seasonally adjusted estimates back to January 2009 were subject to    | 
| revision. The unemployment rates for January 2013 through November 2013     | 
| (as originally published and as revised) appear in table A, along with      |
| with additional information about the revisions.                            |
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Household Survey Data								      
										      
The number of unemployed persons declined by 490,000 to 10.4 million 
in December, and the unemployment rate declined by 0.3 percentage point 
to 6.7 percent. Over the year, the number of unemployed persons and the 
unemployment rate were down by 1.9 million and 1.2 percentage points, 
respectively. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (6.3 
percent) and whites (5.9 percent) declined in December. The rates for adult 
women (6.0 percent), teenagers (20.2 percent), blacks (11.9 percent), and 
Hispanics (8.3 percent) showed little change. The jobless rate for Asians 
was 4.1 percent (not seasonally adjusted), down by 2.5 percentage points 
over the year. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of job losers and persons who completed 
temporary jobs decreased by 365,000 in December to 5.4 million. The number 
of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more), at 3.9 
million, showed little change; these individuals accounted for 37.7 percent 
of the unemployed. The number of long-term unemployed has declined by 894,000 
over the year. (See tables A-11 and A-12.)

The civilian labor force participation rate declined by 0.2 percentage 
point to 62.8 percent in December, offsetting a change of the same 
magnitude in November. In December, the employment-population ratio was 
unchanged at 58.6 percent. The labor force participation rate declined by 
0.8 percentage point over the year, while the employment-population ratio 
was unchanged. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes 
referred to as involuntary part-time workers) was essentially unchanged at 
7.8 million in December. These individuals were working part time because 
their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find full-
time work. (See table A-8.)

In December, 2.4 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, 
little changed from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) 
These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for 
work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not 
counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks 
preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 917,000 discouraged workers 
in December, down by 151,000 from a year earlier. Discouraged workers 
are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs 
are available for them. The remaining 1.5 million persons marginally attached 
to the labor force in December had not searched for work for reasons such as 
school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment edged up in December (+74,000). In 2013, 
job growth averaged 182,000 per month, about the same as in 2012 (+183,000 
per month). In December, job gains occurred in retail trade and wholesale 
trade, while employment declined in information. (See table B-1.)

Employment in retail trade rose by 55,000 in December. Within the industry, 
job gains occurred in food and beverage stores (+12,000), clothing and 
accessories stores (+12,000), general merchandise stores (+8,000), and 
motor vehicle and parts dealers (+7,000). Retail trade added an average of 
32,000 jobs per month in 2013. 

In December, wholesale trade added 15,000 jobs. Most of the job growth 
occurred in electronic markets and agents and brokers (+9,000). Wholesale 
trade added an average of 8,000 jobs per month in 2013. 

Employment in professional and business services continued to trend up 
in December (+19,000). In 2013, job growth in professional and business 
services averaged 53,000 per month. Within the industry, temporary help 
services added 40,000 jobs in December, while employment in accounting and 
bookkeeping services declined by 25,000. 

Manufacturing employment continued to trend up in December (+9,000). 
Employment rose in primary metals (+4,000) and petroleum and coal products 
(+2,000), while electronic instruments (-4,000) lost jobs. Manufacturing 
added 77,000 jobs in 2013, compared with an increase of 154,000 jobs in 2012. 

Employment in mining edged up in December (+5,000). The industry added 
29,000 jobs over the year.      

Health care employment changed little in December (-6,000). Employment 
gains in the industry averaged 17,000 per month in 2013, compared with an 
average monthly gain of 27,000 in 2012. 

Employment in information fell by 12,000 in December, driven by a decline 
in the motion picture and sound recording industry (-14,000). Employment 
in information was essentially unchanged over the year. 

Construction employment edged down in December (-16,000).  However, in 
2013, the industry added an average of 10,000 jobs per month. Employment 
in nonresidential specialty trade contractors declined by 13,000 in 
December, possibly reflecting unusually cold weather in parts of the country. 

Employment in other major industries, including transportation and warehousing, 
financial activities, leisure and hospitality, and government, changed 
little in December.

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged 
down by 0.1 hour to 34.4 hours in December. The manufacturing workweek 
was unchanged, at 41.0 hours, and factory overtime edged up by 0.1 hour 
to 3.5 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory 
employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged down by 0.1 hour to 33.6 hours. 
(See tables B-2 and B-7.)

In December, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm 
payrolls edged up by 2 cents to $24.17. Over the year, average hourly earnings 
have risen by 42 cents, or 1.8 percent. In December, average hourly earnings 
of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 3 
cents to $20.35. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for October remained at 
+200,000, and the change for November was revised from +203,000 to +241,000. 
With these revisions, employment gains in October and November were 38,000 
higher than previously reported. 

____________	
The Employment Situation for January is scheduled to be released on Friday, 
February 7, 2014, at 8:30 a.m. (EST).



 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|                                                                                     | 
|                      Revisions in the Establishment Survey Data                     |
| 										      |
| Effective with the release of The Employment Situation for January 2014 on 	      |
| February 7, 2014, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey will introduce     |
| revisions to nonfarm payroll employment, hours, and earnings data to reflect the    |
| annual benchmark adjustment for March 2013 and updated seasonal adjustment factors. |
| Not seasonally adjusted data beginning with April 2012 and seasonally adjusted      |
| data beginning with January 2009 are subject to revision.			      |
|										      |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
|                                                                                     |
|                       Upcoming Changes to the Household Survey                      | 
|                                                                                     |
| Effective with the release of The Employment Situation for January 2014 on          | 
| February 7, 2014, new population controls will be used in the Current Population    |
| Survey (CPS) estimation process. These new controls reflect the annual updating of  | 
| intercensal population estimates by the U.S. Census Bureau. In accordance with usual| 
| practice, historical data will not be revised to incorporate the new controls;      |
| consequently, household survey data for January 2014 will not be directly comparable|
| with data for December 2013 or earlier periods. A table showing the effects of the  |
| new controls on the major labor force series will be included in the January 2014   |
| release.                                                                            |
|                                                                                     |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|                                                                                       |
|                  Upcoming Change to the Household Survey Tables                       |
|                                                                                       |
| Effective with the release of The Employment Situation for January 2014 on February 7,|
| 2014, household survey table A-10 will include two new seasonally adjusted series     |
| for women age 55 and over--the number of unemployed persons and the unemployment      |
| rate. These will replace the series that are currently displayed for this group, which|
| are not seasonally adjusted.								|
|                                                                                       |
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



                  Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data

At the end of each calendar year, BLS routinely updates the seasonal adjustment factors 
for the labor force series derived from the Current Population Survey (CPS), or household 
survey. As a result of this process, seasonally adjusted data for January 2009 through 
November 2013 were subject to revision.

Table A shows the unemployment rates for January 2013 through November 2013, as first 
published and as revised. The rates changed by one-tenth of a percentage point in 6 
of the 11 months and were unchanged in the remaining 5 months. Revised seasonally 
adjusted data for other major labor force series beginning in December 2012 appear 
in table B.

An article describing the seasonal adjustment methodology for the household survey data 
and revised data for January 2013 through November 2013 is available at www.bls.gov/cps/
cpsrs2014.pdf.

Historical data for the household series contained in the A tables of this release can 
be accessed at www.bls.gov/cps/cpsatabs.htm. Revised historical seasonally adjusted 
data are available at www.bls.gov/cps/data.htm and http://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/ln. 

 
 Table A. Seasonally adjusted unemployment rates in 2013 and changes due to revision
 January - November 2013
 
 
 Month                  As First Computed          As Revised              Change
 
 January.............         7.9                     7.9                   0.0
 February............         7.7                     7.7                    .0
 March...............         7.6                     7.5                   -.1
 April...............         7.5                     7.5                    .0
 May.................         7.6                     7.5                   -.1
 June................         7.6                     7.5                   -.1
 July................         7.4                     7.3                   -.1
 August..............         7.3                     7.2                   -.1
 September...........         7.2                     7.2                    .0
 October.............         7.3                     7.2                   -.1
 November............         7.0                     7.0                    .0
 					         
 
 
 
 
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table B. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age 2012 2013
Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

244,350 244,663 244,828 244,995 245,175 245,363 245,552 245,756 245,959 246,168 246,381 246,567 246,745

Civilian labor force

155,485 155,699 155,511 155,099 155,359 155,609 155,822 155,693 155,435 155,473 154,625 155,284 154,937

Participation rate

63.6 63.6 63.5 63.3 63.4 63.4 63.5 63.4 63.2 63.2 62.8 63.0 62.8

Employed

143,212 143,384 143,464 143,393 143,676 143,919 144,075 144,285 144,179 144,270 143,485 144,443 144,586

Employment-population ratio

58.6 58.6 58.6 58.5 58.6 58.7 58.7 58.7 58.6 58.6 58.2 58.6 58.6

Unemployed

12,273 12,315 12,047 11,706 11,683 11,690 11,747 11,408 11,256 11,203 11,140 10,841 10,351

Unemployment rate

7.9 7.9 7.7 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.0 6.7

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

109,308 109,448 109,541 109,635 109,736 109,839 109,943 110,054 110,172 110,292 110,414 110,515 110,613

Civilian labor force

79,681 79,984 79,897 79,731 79,868 79,867 79,855 79,871 79,610 79,757 79,267 79,700 79,464

Participation rate

72.9 73.1 72.9 72.7 72.8 72.7 72.6 72.6 72.3 72.3 71.8 72.1 71.8

Employed

73,924 74,084 74,183 74,190 74,161 74,137 74,265 74,301 74,015 74,151 73,808 74,373 74,467

Employment-population ratio

67.6 67.7 67.7 67.7 67.6 67.5 67.5 67.5 67.2 67.2 66.8 67.3 67.3

Unemployed

5,757 5,900 5,714 5,541 5,707 5,729 5,590 5,570 5,595 5,605 5,459 5,328 4,997

Unemployment rate

7.2 7.4 7.2 6.9 7.1 7.2 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 6.9 6.7 6.3

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

118,170 118,348 118,433 118,520 118,612 118,708 118,804 118,907 119,018 119,131 119,246 119,341 119,433

Civilian labor force

70,031 69,817 69,770 69,629 69,764 69,871 70,099 69,986 70,115 69,898 69,652 69,871 69,831

Participation rate

59.3 59.0 58.9 58.7 58.8 58.9 59.0 58.9 58.9 58.7 58.4 58.5 58.5

Employed

64,901 64,790 64,911 64,838 65,148 65,323 65,340 65,514 65,743 65,539 65,229 65,547 65,617

Employment-population ratio

54.9 54.7 54.8 54.7 54.9 55.0 55.0 55.1 55.2 55.0 54.7 54.9 54.9

Unemployed

5,131 5,027 4,859 4,791 4,616 4,548 4,760 4,473 4,372 4,359 4,423 4,323 4,214

Unemployment rate

7.3 7.2 7.0 6.9 6.6 6.5 6.8 6.4 6.2 6.2 6.4 6.2 6.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

16,871 16,867 16,854 16,840 16,827 16,816 16,805 16,795 16,770 16,745 16,721 16,710 16,700

Civilian labor force

5,773 5,898 5,844 5,739 5,727 5,872 5,868 5,836 5,710 5,818 5,706 5,713 5,642

Participation rate

34.2 35.0 34.7 34.1 34.0 34.9 34.9 34.7 34.1 34.7 34.1 34.2 33.8

Employed

4,387 4,510 4,370 4,365 4,368 4,459 4,470 4,470 4,421 4,580 4,448 4,523 4,502

Employment-population ratio

26.0 26.7 25.9 25.9 26.0 26.5 26.6 26.6 26.4 27.4 26.6 27.1 27.0

Unemployed

1,385 1,388 1,474 1,374 1,360 1,413 1,398 1,365 1,289 1,239 1,258 1,190 1,140

Unemployment rate

24.0 23.5 25.2 23.9 23.7 24.1 23.8 23.4 22.6 21.3 22.0 20.8 20.2

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

NOTE: Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Change from:
Nov.
2013-
Dec.
2013

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

244,350 246,381 246,567 246,745 178

Civilian labor force

155,485 154,625 155,284 154,937 -347

Participation rate

63.6 62.8 63.0 62.8 -0.2

Employed

143,212 143,485 144,443 144,586 143

Employment-population ratio

58.6 58.2 58.6 58.6 0.0

Unemployed

12,273 11,140 10,841 10,351 -490

Unemployment rate

7.9 7.2 7.0 6.7 -0.3

Not in labor force

88,865 91,756 91,283 91,808 525

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

7.9 7.2 7.0 6.7 -0.3

Adult men (20 years and over)

7.2 6.9 6.7 6.3 -0.4

Adult women (20 years and over)

7.3 6.4 6.2 6.0 -0.2

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

24.0 22.0 20.8 20.2 -0.6

White

6.9 6.3 6.1 5.9 -0.2

Black or African American

14.0 13.0 12.4 11.9 -0.5

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)

6.6 5.2 5.3 4.1 -

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

9.5 9.0 8.7 8.3 -0.4

Total, 25 years and over

6.5 6.0 5.8 5.6 -0.2

Less than a high school diploma

11.6 10.8 10.6 9.8 -0.8

High school graduates, no college

8.1 7.3 7.3 7.1 -0.2

Some college or associate degree

6.9 6.3 6.4 6.1 -0.3

Bachelor's degree and higher

4.0 3.8 3.4 3.3 -0.1

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

6,475 6,162 5,731 5,366 -365

Job leavers

1,000 842 890 862 -28

Reentrants

3,615 3,104 3,065 3,036 -29

New entrants

1,296 1,217 1,169 1,201 32

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,688 2,794 2,439 2,255 -184

5 to 14 weeks

2,876 2,636 2,585 2,506 -79

15 to 26 weeks

1,862 1,777 1,742 1,651 -91

27 weeks and over

4,772 4,047 4,044 3,878 -166

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

7,929 8,016 7,723 7,771 48

Slack work or business conditions

4,991 5,025 4,869 4,884 15

Could only find part-time work

2,604 2,585 2,499 2,592 93

Part time for noneconomic reasons

18,825 18,755 18,858 18,731 -127

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force

2,614 2,283 2,096 2,427 -

Discouraged workers

1,068 815 762 917 -

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

219 200 241 74

Total private

224 217 226 87

Goods-producing

58 30 51 -3

Mining and logging

7 5 1 4

Construction

38 8 19 -16

Manufacturing

13 17 31 9

Durable goods(1)

11 11 21 6

Motor vehicles and parts

1.4 3.3 5.6 1.0

Nondurable goods

2 6 10 3

Private service-providing(1)

166 187 175 90

Wholesale trade

6.5 -5.8 9.8 15.4

Retail trade

6.2 55.3 21.9 55.3

Transportation and warehousing

34.8 0.7 34.9 -0.6

Information

-9 2 1 -12

Financial activities

9 9 1 4

Professional and business services(1)

35 52 41 19

Temporary help services

12.3 13.0 12.8 40.4

Education and health services(1)

36 26 41 0

Health care and social assistance

42.9 21.9 35.4 -1.0

Leisure and hospitality

40 45 20 9

Other services

6 4 4 1

Government

-5 -17 15 -13

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES(2)
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES

Total nonfarm women employees

49.3 49.4 49.4 49.4

Total private women employees

47.9 47.9 47.9 48.0

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.6 82.6 82.6 82.6

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.5 34.4 34.5 34.4

Average hourly earnings

$23.75 $24.11 $24.15 $24.17

Average weekly earnings

$819.38 $829.38 $833.18 $831.45

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

97.5 98.8 99.3 99.1

Over-the-month percent change

0.5 0.1 0.5 -0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

110.4 113.7 114.4 114.2

Over-the-month percent change

0.8 0.4 0.6 -0.2

HOURS AND EARNINGS
PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

33.7 33.6 33.7 33.6

Average hourly earnings

$19.93 $20.27 $20.32 $20.35

Average weekly earnings

$671.64 $681.07 $684.78 $683.76

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3)

104.9 106.2 106.8 106.5

Over-the-month percent change

0.2 -0.1 0.6 -0.3

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)(4)

139.6 143.8 144.9 144.8

Over-the-month percent change

0.5 0.0 0.8 -0.1

DIFFUSION INDEX(5)
(Over 1-month span)

Total private (266 industries)

65.2 61.7 63.2 58.8

Manufacturing (81 industries)

58.0 56.8 63.6 60.5

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of   employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a   smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change   than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.

   In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment,
   employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Slightly more
   than 20 percent of all employees in the payroll survey sample have a weekly pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to quantify the effect
   of extreme weather on estimates of over-the-month change in employment.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours. Current and historical
   data are available on the  household survey's most requested statistics page at
   http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 145,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 557,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s principal
activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 90,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-40,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Dec.
2012
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Aug.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

244,350 246,567 246,745 244,350 245,959 246,168 246,381 246,567 246,745

Civilian labor force

154,904 155,046 154,408 155,485 155,435 155,473 154,625 155,284 154,937

Participation rate

63.4 62.9 62.6 63.6 63.2 63.2 62.8 63.0 62.8

Employed

143,060 144,775 144,423 143,212 144,179 144,270 143,485 144,443 144,586

Employment-population ratio

58.5 58.7 58.5 58.6 58.6 58.6 58.2 58.6 58.6

Unemployed

11,844 10,271 9,984 12,273 11,256 11,203 11,140 10,841 10,351

Unemployment rate

7.6 6.6 6.5 7.9 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.0 6.7

Not in labor force

89,445 91,521 92,338 88,865 90,524 90,695 91,756 91,283 91,808

Persons who currently want a job

6,532 5,437 5,932 6,725 6,241 6,118 6,100 5,779 6,111

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

117,902 119,011 119,103 117,902 118,700 118,807 118,916 119,011 119,103

Civilian labor force

82,190 82,397 81,985 82,536 82,499 82,806 82,186 82,554 82,323

Participation rate

69.7 69.2 68.8 70.0 69.5 69.7 69.1 69.4 69.1

Employed

75,686 76,726 76,403 76,016 76,182 76,464 76,014 76,560 76,723

Employment-population ratio

64.2 64.5 64.1 64.5 64.2 64.4 63.9 64.3 64.4

Unemployed

6,503 5,671 5,583 6,520 6,317 6,342 6,171 5,993 5,599

Unemployment rate

7.9 6.9 6.8 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.5 7.3 6.8

Not in labor force

35,712 36,614 37,118 35,366 36,201 36,000 36,730 36,458 36,780

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

109,308 110,515 110,613 109,308 110,172 110,292 110,414 110,515 110,613

Civilian labor force

79,552 79,743 79,335 79,681 79,610 79,757 79,267 79,700 79,464

Participation rate

72.8 72.2 71.7 72.9 72.3 72.3 71.8 72.1 71.8

Employed

73,716 74,686 74,275 73,924 74,015 74,151 73,808 74,373 74,467

Employment-population ratio

67.4 67.6 67.1 67.6 67.2 67.2 66.8 67.3 67.3

Unemployed

5,836 5,058 5,060 5,757 5,595 5,605 5,459 5,328 4,997

Unemployment rate

7.3 6.3 6.4 7.2 7.0 7.0 6.9 6.7 6.3

Not in labor force

29,756 30,772 31,278 29,627 30,562 30,536 31,147 30,815 31,149

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

126,447 127,555 127,642 126,447 127,260 127,361 127,465 127,555 127,642

Civilian labor force

72,715 72,649 72,423 72,949 72,937 72,667 72,439 72,730 72,614

Participation rate

57.5 57.0 56.7 57.7 57.3 57.1 56.8 57.0 56.9

Employed

67,373 68,049 68,021 67,196 67,997 67,806 67,471 67,882 67,862

Employment-population ratio

53.3 53.3 53.3 53.1 53.4 53.2 52.9 53.2 53.2

Unemployed

5,341 4,600 4,402 5,753 4,939 4,862 4,969 4,848 4,752

Unemployment rate

7.3 6.3 6.1 7.9 6.8 6.7 6.9 6.7 6.5

Not in labor force

53,733 54,907 55,220 53,498 54,323 54,694 55,026 54,825 55,028

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

118,170 119,341 119,433 118,170 119,018 119,131 119,246 119,341 119,433

Civilian labor force

69,980 69,912 69,809 70,031 70,115 69,898 69,652 69,871 69,831

Participation rate

59.2 58.6 58.5 59.3 58.9 58.7 58.4 58.5 58.5

Employed

65,152 65,775 65,849 64,901 65,743 65,539 65,229 65,547 65,617

Employment-population ratio

55.1 55.1 55.1 54.9 55.2 55.0 54.7 54.9 54.9

Unemployed

4,828 4,137 3,960 5,131 4,372 4,359 4,423 4,323 4,214

Unemployment rate

6.9 5.9 5.7 7.3 6.2 6.2 6.4 6.2 6.0

Not in labor force

48,190 49,429 49,624 48,138 48,903 49,232 49,593 49,470 49,602

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,871 16,710 16,700 16,871 16,770 16,745 16,721 16,710 16,700

Civilian labor force

5,372 5,390 5,264 5,773 5,710 5,818 5,706 5,713 5,642

Participation rate

31.8 32.3 31.5 34.2 34.1 34.7 34.1 34.2 33.8

Employed

4,192 4,315 4,300 4,387 4,421 4,580 4,448 4,523 4,502

Employment-population ratio

24.8 25.8 25.7 26.0 26.4 27.4 26.6 27.1 27.0

Unemployed

1,180 1,076 964 1,385 1,289 1,239 1,258 1,190 1,140

Unemployment rate

22.0 20.0 18.3 24.0 22.6 21.3 22.0 20.8 20.2

Not in labor force

11,499 11,320 11,436 11,099 11,059 10,927 11,015 10,997 11,058

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Dec.
2012
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Aug.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

193,849 194,833 194,927 193,849 194,489 194,610 194,734 194,833 194,927

Civilian labor force

123,404 123,123 122,621 123,741 123,327 123,123 122,621 123,050 122,879

Participation rate

63.7 63.2 62.9 63.8 63.4 63.3 63.0 63.2 63.0

Employed

115,213 116,056 115,640 115,221 115,463 115,374 114,901 115,514 115,623

Employment-population ratio

59.4 59.6 59.3 59.4 59.4 59.3 59.0 59.3 59.3

Unemployed

8,191 7,067 6,982 8,520 7,864 7,748 7,719 7,536 7,256

Unemployment rate

6.6 5.7 5.7 6.9 6.4 6.3 6.3 6.1 5.9

Not in labor force

70,445 71,710 72,306 70,109 71,162 71,487 72,113 71,783 72,048

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

64,562 64,475 64,190 64,608 64,410 64,307 64,000 64,287 64,221

Participation rate

73.2 72.6 72.3 73.3 72.7 72.5 72.1 72.4 72.3

Employed

60,415 60,871 60,538 60,546 60,417 60,414 60,107 60,480 60,637

Employment-population ratio

68.5 68.6 68.2 68.7 68.2 68.2 67.8 68.1 68.3

Unemployed

4,148 3,605 3,652 4,063 3,993 3,893 3,893 3,806 3,584

Unemployment rate

6.4 5.6 5.7 6.3 6.2 6.1 6.1 5.9 5.6

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

54,494 54,298 54,249 54,454 54,456 54,237 54,044 54,181 54,173

Participation rate

58.5 58.0 57.9 58.5 58.3 58.0 57.8 57.9 57.8

Employed

51,303 51,596 51,589 51,019 51,489 51,258 51,100 51,307 51,308

Employment-population ratio

55.1 55.1 55.1 54.8 55.1 54.8 54.6 54.8 54.8

Unemployed

3,191 2,702 2,660 3,435 2,968 2,978 2,944 2,874 2,866

Unemployment rate

5.9 5.0 4.9 6.3 5.4 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

4,348 4,350 4,182 4,678 4,461 4,579 4,577 4,582 4,485

Participation rate

34.6 35.0 33.6 37.2 35.7 36.7 36.8 36.8 36.1

Employed

3,495 3,589 3,513 3,656 3,558 3,702 3,694 3,727 3,678

Employment-population ratio

27.8 28.8 28.2 29.1 28.5 29.7 29.7 30.0 29.6

Unemployed

853 760 669 1,022 903 877 883 855 806

Unemployment rate

19.6 17.5 16.0 21.8 20.3 19.1 19.3 18.7 18.0

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

30,093 30,535 30,569 30,093 30,426 30,462 30,500 30,535 30,569

Civilian labor force

18,350 18,460 18,315 18,435 18,468 18,675 18,541 18,482 18,401

Participation rate

61.0 60.5 59.9 61.3 60.7 61.3 60.8 60.5 60.2

Employed

15,832 16,262 16,194 15,848 16,084 16,248 16,133 16,188 16,215

Employment-population ratio

52.6 53.3 53.0 52.7 52.9 53.3 52.9 53.0 53.0

Unemployed

2,518 2,199 2,121 2,586 2,385 2,428 2,408 2,295 2,186

Unemployment rate

13.7 11.9 11.6 14.0 12.9 13.0 13.0 12.4 11.9

Not in labor force

11,743 12,075 12,254 11,658 11,957 11,787 11,959 12,053 12,168

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

8,313 8,362 8,259 8,307 8,306 8,503 8,354 8,334 8,255

Participation rate

67.5 66.5 65.6 67.5 66.4 67.9 66.6 66.3 65.6

Employed

7,162 7,416 7,305 7,155 7,197 7,305 7,287 7,327 7,302

Employment-population ratio

58.2 59.0 58.0 58.1 57.6 58.3 58.1 58.3 58.0

Unemployed

1,150 945 954 1,152 1,109 1,199 1,067 1,007 953

Unemployment rate

13.8 11.3 11.6 13.9 13.4 14.1 12.8 12.1 11.5

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,438 9,471 9,423 9,470 9,437 9,425 9,496 9,475 9,451

Participation rate

62.1 61.4 61.0 62.3 61.4 61.2 61.6 61.4 61.2

Employed

8,298 8,443 8,459 8,307 8,436 8,459 8,403 8,428 8,466

Employment-population ratio

54.6 54.7 54.7 54.7 54.9 55.0 54.5 54.6 54.8

Unemployed

1,140 1,028 964 1,163 1,001 966 1,093 1,047 986

Unemployment rate

12.1 10.9 10.2 12.3 10.6 10.2 11.5 11.1 10.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

600 628 633 658 726 748 691 673 694

Participation rate

23.1 24.8 25.0 25.3 28.4 29.3 27.2 26.5 27.4

Employed

371 402 429 386 451 484 442 433 448

Employment-population ratio

14.3 15.9 17.0 14.9 17.6 19.0 17.4 17.1 17.7

Unemployed

228 225 204 272 275 263 248 240 246

Unemployment rate

38.0 35.9 32.2 41.3 37.9 35.2 36.0 35.7 35.5

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

12,935 13,484 13,493 - - - - - -

Civilian labor force

8,501 8,666 8,715 - - - - - -

Participation rate

65.7 64.3 64.6 - - - - - -

Employed

7,940 8,209 8,355 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

61.4 60.9 61.9 - - - - - -

Unemployed

561 457 360 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

6.6 5.3 4.1 - - - - - -

Not in labor force

4,434 4,819 4,778 - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Dec.
2012
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Aug.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

37,231 37,876 37,955 37,231 37,630 37,713 37,796 37,876 37,955

Civilian labor force

24,487 25,060 24,807 24,534 24,918 24,821 24,783 25,124 24,863

Participation rate

65.8 66.2 65.4 65.9 66.2 65.8 65.6 66.3 65.5

Employed

22,137 22,905 22,741 22,197 22,603 22,601 22,543 22,949 22,805

Employment-population ratio

59.5 60.5 59.9 59.6 60.1 59.9 59.6 60.6 60.1

Unemployed

2,350 2,154 2,066 2,338 2,315 2,220 2,240 2,175 2,058

Unemployment rate

9.6 8.6 8.3 9.5 9.3 8.9 9.0 8.7 8.3

Not in labor force

12,744 12,817 13,148 12,697 12,712 12,892 13,013 12,753 13,092

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

13,500 13,967 13,799 - - - - - -

Participation rate

80.3 81.6 80.5 - - - - - -

Employed

12,366 12,896 12,766 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

73.6 75.4 74.4 - - - - - -

Unemployed

1,134 1,071 1,032 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

8.4 7.7 7.5 - - - - - -

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,941 10,018 9,978 - - - - - -

Participation rate

59.3 58.6 58.2 - - - - - -

Employed

9,004 9,192 9,174 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

53.7 53.7 53.5 - - - - - -

Unemployed

938 826 804 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

9.4 8.2 8.1 - - - - - -

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,046 1,075 1,030 - - - - - -

Participation rate

28.6 29.4 28.2 - - - - - -

Employed

767 817 800 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

21.0 22.4 21.9 - - - - - -

Unemployed

278 257 230 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

26.6 23.9 22.3 - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2012
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Aug.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

11,156 10,937 10,754 11,127 10,945 10,867 10,721 10,898 10,748

Participation rate

45.2 44.6 43.7 45.1 45.4 44.5 44.6 44.5 43.7

Employed

9,785 9,784 9,641 9,837 9,712 9,739 9,563 9,741 9,699

Employment-population ratio

39.7 39.9 39.2 39.9 40.3 39.9 39.8 39.7 39.4

Unemployed

1,371 1,153 1,113 1,290 1,232 1,128 1,158 1,157 1,049

Unemployment rate

12.3 10.5 10.4 11.6 11.3 10.4 10.8 10.6 9.8

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

36,892 35,960 36,473 36,623 36,607 36,589 36,311 35,895 36,242

Participation rate

59.4 58.3 58.4 59.0 59.0 58.9 58.4 58.2 58.0

Employed

33,921 33,464 33,894 33,673 33,857 33,834 33,665 33,277 33,677

Employment-population ratio

54.6 54.2 54.3 54.2 54.6 54.5 54.2 53.9 53.9

Unemployed

2,971 2,496 2,580 2,949 2,750 2,756 2,646 2,618 2,565

Unemployment rate

8.1 6.9 7.1 8.1 7.5 7.5 7.3 7.3 7.1

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

37,341 37,406 36,926 37,419 37,409 37,277 37,201 37,244 37,021

Participation rate

68.6 67.8 67.4 68.8 67.0 67.1 66.8 67.5 67.6

Employed

34,857 35,121 34,730 34,851 35,114 35,007 34,852 34,872 34,750

Employment-population ratio

64.1 63.7 63.4 64.1 62.9 63.1 62.6 63.2 63.4

Unemployed

2,484 2,285 2,197 2,568 2,295 2,270 2,350 2,372 2,272

Unemployment rate

6.7 6.1 5.9 6.9 6.1 6.1 6.3 6.4 6.1

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

48,758 49,919 49,612 48,900 49,091 49,195 49,329 49,929 49,759

Participation rate

75.7 75.2 75.0 75.9 75.4 75.3 75.0 75.2 75.3

Employed

46,892 48,302 48,053 46,964 47,394 47,395 47,467 48,246 48,134

Employment-population ratio

72.8 72.8 72.7 72.9 72.8 72.6 72.2 72.7 72.8

Unemployed

1,866 1,616 1,559 1,936 1,696 1,800 1,863 1,683 1,625

Unemployment rate

3.8 3.2 3.1 4.0 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.4 3.3

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

21,062 21,250 19,235 19,015 1,827 2,235

Civilian labor force

10,806 10,785 9,699 9,341 1,107 1,443

Participation rate

51.3 50.8 50.4 49.1 60.6 64.6

Employed

10,050 10,196 9,043 8,793 1,007 1,403

Employment-population ratio

47.7 48.0 47.0 46.2 55.1 62.8

Unemployed

757 588 656 548 100 41

Unemployment rate

7.0 5.5 6.8 5.9 9.1 2.8

Not in labor force

10,256 10,465 9,536 9,674 720 792

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

2,544 2,938 2,128 2,303 416 635

Civilian labor force

2,099 2,428 1,805 1,945 294 483

Participation rate

82.5 82.6 84.8 84.4 70.8 76.0

Employed

1,874 2,250 1,625 1,778 248 472

Employment-population ratio

73.7 76.6 76.4 77.2 59.7 74.3

Unemployed

226 178 180 166 46 11

Unemployment rate

10.8 7.3 9.9 8.6 15.7 2.3

Not in labor force

445 511 323 358 122 152

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,044 3,130 2,529 2,562 515 568

Civilian labor force

2,534 2,654 2,154 2,245 380 409

Participation rate

83.2 84.8 85.2 87.6 73.7 72.0

Employed

2,395 2,528 2,043 2,131 352 396

Employment-population ratio

78.7 80.7 80.8 83.2 68.3 69.8

Unemployed

139 127 111 114 28 13

Unemployment rate

5.5 4.8 5.2 5.1 7.3 3.1

Not in labor force

510 476 375 317 135 159

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

9,726 9,656 9,403 9,298 322 358

Civilian labor force

2,960 2,691 2,868 2,599 93 92

Participation rate

30.4 27.9 30.5 28.0 28.7 25.7

Employed

2,776 2,542 2,685 2,455 91 87

Employment-population ratio

28.5 26.3 28.6 26.4 28.2 24.2

Unemployed

184 149 183 144 1 5

Unemployment rate

6.2 5.6 6.4 5.5 1.6 5.9

Not in labor force

6,765 6,965 6,535 6,699 230 266

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

5,748 5,526 5,175 4,852 574 674

Civilian labor force

3,213 3,011 2,872 2,552 341 460

Participation rate

55.9 54.5 55.5 52.6 59.4 68.2

Employed

3,005 2,877 2,689 2,428 316 448

Employment-population ratio

52.3 52.1 52.0 50.1 55.0 66.5

Unemployed

208 135 183 123 25 11

Unemployment rate

6.5 4.5 6.4 4.8 7.3 2.5

Not in labor force

2,536 2,514 2,303 2,300 233 214

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

214,280 216,600 94,027 95,615 120,253 120,985

Civilian labor force

142,344 141,800 71,654 71,750 70,690 70,050

Participation rate

66.4 65.5 76.2 75.0 58.8 57.9

Employed

131,668 132,788 66,012 66,919 65,656 65,869

Employment-population ratio

61.4 61.3 70.2 70.0 54.6 54.4

Unemployed

10,676 9,012 5,642 4,831 5,034 4,181

Unemployment rate

7.5 6.4 7.9 6.7 7.1 6.0

Not in labor force

71,936 74,800 22,374 23,865 49,562 50,935

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2013, estimates for veterans incorporate population controls derived from the updated Department of Veterans Affairs' population model.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

28,705 28,519 215,645 218,226

Civilian labor force

5,893 5,345 149,011 149,062

Participation rate

20.5 18.7 69.1 68.3

Employed

5,202 4,711 137,858 139,712

Employment-population ratio

18.1 16.5 63.9 64.0

Unemployed

691 634 11,154 9,350

Unemployment rate

11.7 11.9 7.5 6.3

Not in labor force

22,812 23,173 66,634 69,164

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,683 2,276 75,081 75,198

Participation rate

34.2 30.6 82.3 81.7

Employed

2,308 1,960 69,228 70,170

Employment-population ratio

29.4 26.3 75.9 76.2

Unemployed

375 316 5,853 5,028

Unemployment rate

14.0 13.9 7.8 6.7

Not in labor force

5,164 5,166 16,135 16,898

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,190 2,141 67,072 66,638

Participation rate

28.6 27.7 70.6 69.9

Employed

1,935 1,866 62,176 62,680

Employment-population ratio

25.3 24.1 65.5 65.8

Unemployed

254 275 4,896 3,958

Unemployment rate

11.6 12.9 7.3 5.9

Not in labor force

5,463 5,598 27,866 28,676

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

1,020 928 6,858 7,226

Participation rate

7.7 7.0 23.3 23.4

Employed

959 885 6,454 6,862

Employment-population ratio

7.3 6.6 21.9 22.3

Unemployed

61 43 404 364

Unemployment rate

6.0 4.7 5.9 5.0

Not in labor force

12,185 12,410 22,632 23,590

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

37,999 38,481 18,386 18,559 19,613 19,922

Civilian labor force

25,248 25,429 14,468 14,669 10,780 10,761

Participation rate

66.4 66.1 78.7 79.0 55.0 54.0

Employed

23,216 23,787 13,386 13,790 9,830 9,997

Employment-population ratio

61.1 61.8 72.8 74.3 50.1 50.2

Unemployed

2,032 1,642 1,082 879 951 763

Unemployment rate

8.0 6.5 7.5 6.0 8.8 7.1

Not in labor force

12,751 13,052 3,918 3,891 8,833 9,161

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

206,351 208,264 99,516 100,544 106,835 107,720

Civilian labor force

129,656 128,979 67,722 67,317 61,934 61,662

Participation rate

62.8 61.9 68.1 67.0 58.0 57.2

Employed

119,844 120,636 62,300 62,613 57,544 58,023

Employment-population ratio

58.1 57.9 62.6 62.3 53.9 53.9

Unemployed

9,812 8,342 5,422 4,704 4,391 3,639

Unemployment rate

7.6 6.5 8.0 7.0 7.1 5.9

Not in labor force

76,695 79,286 31,795 33,227 44,900 46,058

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2012
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Aug.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

1,922 2,050 2,075 2,066 2,205 2,208 2,208 2,139 2,229

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,205 1,258 1,301 1,276 1,370 1,399 1,348 1,310 1,377

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

683 754 742 747 819 774 796 780 812

Unpaid family workers

33 38 32 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

141,138 142,725 142,348 141,121 141,918 142,058 141,449 142,317 142,337

Wage and salary workers(1)

132,234 134,074 133,911 132,160 133,247 133,323 132,859 133,694 133,858

Government

20,839 20,211 20,280 20,643 20,373 20,172 19,706 20,086 20,063

Private industries

111,395 113,863 113,631 111,559 112,926 113,138 113,184 113,610 113,818

Private households

732 849 837 - - - - - -

Other industries

110,663 113,014 112,794 110,747 112,252 112,454 112,370 112,760 112,918

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,819 8,589 8,380 8,953 8,646 8,614 8,528 8,547 8,506

Unpaid family workers

85 62 57 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

8,166 7,563 7,990 7,929 7,898 7,914 8,016 7,723 7,771

Slack work or business conditions

5,154 4,793 5,022 4,991 4,788 4,955 5,025 4,869 4,884

Could only find part-time work

2,593 2,504 2,579 2,604 2,663 2,548 2,585 2,499 2,592

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

19,308 19,628 19,194 18,825 19,305 18,919 18,755 18,858 18,731

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

8,038 7,478 7,848 7,823 7,765 7,850 7,921 7,619 7,650

Slack work or business conditions

5,087 4,738 4,927 4,936 4,734 4,895 4,967 4,807 4,801

Could only find part-time work

2,568 2,494 2,570 2,577 2,676 2,548 2,593 2,484 2,586

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

18,993 19,320 18,836 18,541 18,817 18,627 18,438 18,593 18,436

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2012
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Aug.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

143,060 144,775 144,423 143,212 144,179 144,270 143,485 144,443 144,586

16 to 19 years

4,192 4,315 4,300 4,387 4,421 4,580 4,448 4,523 4,502

16 to 17 years

1,342 1,519 1,439 1,425 1,430 1,476 1,512 1,555 1,530

18 to 19 years

2,849 2,796 2,860 2,934 3,007 3,102 2,943 2,917 2,943

20 years and over

138,868 140,460 140,124 138,825 139,758 139,690 139,037 139,920 140,083

20 to 24 years

13,412 13,789 13,806 13,501 13,568 13,689 13,685 13,733 13,875

25 years and over

125,456 126,671 126,318 125,426 126,192 126,013 125,519 126,232 126,289

25 to 54 years

94,305 94,953 94,708 94,257 94,431 94,492 94,014 94,562 94,660

25 to 34 years

31,162 31,652 31,651 31,082 31,173 31,287 31,206 31,430 31,546

35 to 44 years

30,523 30,814 30,736 30,518 30,778 30,761 30,579 30,682 30,741

45 to 54 years

32,620 32,487 32,321 32,656 32,480 32,443 32,228 32,450 32,372

55 years and over

31,151 31,718 31,609 31,170 31,761 31,521 31,505 31,670 31,629

Men, 16 years and over

75,686 76,726 76,403 76,016 76,182 76,464 76,014 76,560 76,723

16 to 19 years

1,971 2,040 2,128 2,092 2,167 2,313 2,206 2,188 2,257

16 to 17 years

632 693 690 683 684 720 737 752 743

18 to 19 years

1,339 1,348 1,438 1,386 1,505 1,593 1,477 1,421 1,489

20 years and over

73,716 74,686 74,275 73,924 74,015 74,151 73,808 74,373 74,467

20 to 24 years

6,969 7,101 7,020 7,061 6,969 7,044 6,998 7,045 7,097

25 years and over

66,747 67,585 67,255 66,904 67,123 67,112 66,927 67,345 67,400

25 to 54 years

50,286 50,794 50,540 50,381 50,405 50,453 50,252 50,591 50,626

25 to 34 years

16,801 17,117 17,021 16,800 16,807 16,904 16,820 16,953 17,007

35 to 44 years

16,437 16,635 16,583 16,459 16,573 16,548 16,552 16,563 16,610

45 to 54 years

17,048 17,042 16,936 17,122 17,025 17,001 16,879 17,075 17,009

55 years and over

16,460 16,790 16,714 16,523 16,718 16,659 16,676 16,755 16,774

Women, 16 years and over

67,373 68,049 68,021 67,196 67,997 67,806 67,471 67,882 67,862

16 to 19 years

2,221 2,275 2,172 2,295 2,254 2,266 2,242 2,335 2,246

16 to 17 years

710 826 749 743 746 756 775 803 787

18 to 19 years

1,511 1,448 1,422 1,548 1,502 1,509 1,466 1,497 1,454

20 years and over

65,152 65,775 65,849 64,901 65,743 65,539 65,229 65,547 65,617

20 to 24 years

6,443 6,688 6,786 6,440 6,599 6,646 6,687 6,688 6,778

25 years and over

58,709 59,086 59,063 58,522 59,069 58,901 58,591 58,887 58,888

25 to 54 years

44,019 44,159 44,168 43,875 44,026 44,038 43,762 43,971 44,034

25 to 34 years

14,361 14,535 14,630 14,282 14,365 14,383 14,386 14,477 14,539

35 to 44 years

14,086 14,179 14,153 14,059 14,205 14,214 14,027 14,118 14,131

45 to 54 years

15,572 15,445 15,385 15,534 15,456 15,442 15,349 15,376 15,363

55 years and over

14,690 14,927 14,895 14,646 15,043 14,862 14,829 14,916 14,855

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

44,014 44,480 44,030 43,920 43,973 43,720 43,832 44,162 43,939

Married women, spouse present

34,942 34,695 34,807 34,550 34,701 34,523 34,333 34,366 34,404

Women who maintain families

9,125 9,184 9,230 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(1)

115,079 116,875 116,661 115,735 116,301 116,883 116,306 116,951 117,278

Part-time workers(2)

27,980 27,900 27,762 27,560 27,888 27,421 27,211 27,461 27,372

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

7,081 6,973 6,934 7,032 7,048 7,007 6,948 6,880 6,877

Percent of total employed

4.9 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.8

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

5,175 5,330 5,433 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,502 9,343 9,122 9,700 9,466 9,388 9,323 9,327 9,317

Footnotes
(1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Dec.
2012
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Aug.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

12,273 10,841 10,351 7.9 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.0 6.7

16 to 19 years

1,385 1,190 1,140 24.0 22.6 21.3 22.0 20.8 20.2

16 to 17 years

511 479 478 26.4 26.0 25.4 23.8 23.6 23.8

18 to 19 years

869 701 658 22.9 21.5 19.6 21.1 19.4 18.3

20 years and over

10,888 9,651 9,212 7.3 6.7 6.7 6.6 6.5 6.2

20 to 24 years

2,178 1,808 1,733 13.9 12.8 12.8 12.2 11.6 11.1

25 years and over

8,718 7,840 7,469 6.5 6.0 5.9 6.0 5.8 5.6

25 to 54 years

6,793 6,198 5,795 6.7 6.3 6.1 6.3 6.2 5.8

25 to 34 years

2,601 2,507 2,326 7.7 7.8 7.3 7.2 7.4 6.9

35 to 44 years

2,162 1,833 1,741 6.6 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.6 5.4

45 to 54 years

2,030 1,858 1,728 5.9 5.5 5.5 5.9 5.4 5.1

55 years and over

1,947 1,619 1,700 5.9 5.1 5.3 5.4 4.9 5.1

Men, 16 years and over

6,520 5,993 5,599 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.5 7.3 6.8

16 to 19 years

763 666 602 26.7 25.0 24.1 24.4 23.3 21.1

16 to 17 years

241 247 242 26.1 26.5 28.0 23.3 24.7 24.6

18 to 19 years

506 416 348 26.8 25.1 22.6 25.3 22.7 18.9

20 years and over

5,757 5,328 4,997 7.2 7.0 7.0 6.9 6.7 6.3

20 to 24 years

1,137 991 945 13.9 14.2 14.7 13.7 12.3 11.8

25 years and over

4,612 4,337 4,050 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.1 5.7

25 to 54 years

3,523 3,411 3,111 6.5 6.5 6.4 6.4 6.3 5.8

25 to 34 years

1,400 1,371 1,288 7.7 8.4 7.7 7.5 7.5 7.0

35 to 44 years

1,077 1,027 931 6.1 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.3

45 to 54 years

1,045 1,012 893 5.8 5.6 5.7 6.0 5.6 5.0

55 years and over

1,089 927 938 6.2 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.2 5.3

Women, 16 years and over

5,753 4,848 4,752 7.9 6.8 6.7 6.9 6.7 6.5

16 to 19 years

622 525 538 21.3 20.1 18.1 19.6 18.3 19.3

16 to 17 years

270 233 235 26.6 25.5 22.8 24.2 22.5 23.0

18 to 19 years

363 285 310 19.0 17.6 16.2 16.4 16.0 17.6

20 years and over

5,131 4,323 4,214 7.3 6.2 6.2 6.4 6.2 6.0

20 to 24 years

1,041 817 787 13.9 11.3 10.7 10.7 10.9 10.4

25 years and over

4,106 3,503 3,420 6.6 5.7 5.6 5.9 5.6 5.5

25 to 54 years

3,270 2,787 2,684 6.9 6.0 5.9 6.1 6.0 5.7

25 to 34 years

1,201 1,136 1,038 7.8 7.0 6.9 6.9 7.3 6.7

35 to 44 years

1,085 806 810 7.2 5.7 5.5 5.8 5.4 5.4

45 to 54 years

984 846 835 6.0 5.3 5.3 5.7 5.2 5.2

55 years and over(1)

794 661 709 5.1 5.2 5.1 5.1 4.2 4.5

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

2,139 1,916 1,744 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.5 4.2 3.8

Married women, spouse present

1,891 1,605 1,602 5.2 4.2 4.4 4.7 4.5 4.5

Women who maintain families(1)

1,166 982 884 11.3 11.0 8.8 9.5 9.7 8.7

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(2)

10,412 9,176 8,566 8.3 7.6 7.5 7.6 7.3 6.8

Part-time workers(3)

1,794 1,631 1,722 6.1 5.7 5.8 5.5 5.6 5.9

Footnotes
(1) Not seasonally adjusted.
(2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2012
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Aug.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

6,592 5,400 5,460 6,475 5,887 5,803 6,162 5,731 5,366

On temporary layoff

1,244 912 1,109 1,110 1,059 1,091 1,507 1,128 997

Not on temporary layoff

5,348 4,488 4,351 5,365 4,828 4,712 4,655 4,603 4,369

Permanent job losers

4,070 3,329 3,192 4,099 3,638 3,531 3,496 3,428 3,219

Persons who completed temporary jobs

1,278 1,160 1,159 1,266 1,190 1,181 1,159 1,174 1,150

Job leavers

933 874 802 1,000 890 984 842 890 862

Reentrants

3,228 2,935 2,715 3,615 3,116 3,165 3,104 3,065 3,036

New entrants

1,092 1,062 1,007 1,296 1,295 1,211 1,217 1,169 1,201

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

55.7 52.6 54.7 52.3 52.6 52.0 54.4 52.8 51.3

On temporary layoff

10.5 8.9 11.1 9.0 9.5 9.8 13.3 10.4 9.5

Not on temporary layoff

45.2 43.7 43.6 43.3 43.2 42.2 41.1 42.4 41.8

Job leavers

7.9 8.5 8.0 8.1 8.0 8.8 7.4 8.2 8.2

Reentrants

27.3 28.6 27.2 29.2 27.9 28.4 27.4 28.2 29.0

New entrants

9.2 10.3 10.1 10.5 11.6 10.9 10.7 10.8 11.5

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

4.3 3.5 3.5 4.2 3.8 3.7 4.0 3.7 3.5

Job leavers

0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6

Reentrants

2.1 1.9 1.8 2.3 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

New entrants

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2012
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Aug.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

2,678 2,155 2,236 2,688 2,527 2,571 2,794 2,439 2,255

5 to 14 weeks

2,732 2,449 2,376 2,876 2,738 2,685 2,636 2,585 2,506

15 weeks and over

6,435 5,666 5,372 6,634 5,973 5,927 5,824 5,786 5,530

15 to 26 weeks

1,817 1,677 1,619 1,862 1,704 1,802 1,777 1,742 1,651

27 weeks and over

4,618 3,989 3,753 4,772 4,269 4,125 4,047 4,044 3,878

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

37.0 37.9 36.2 38.0 37.0 36.8 36.0 37.1 37.1

Median duration, in weeks

18.1 18.0 17.5 17.8 16.5 16.4 16.5 17.0 17.1

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

22.6 21.0 22.4 22.0 22.5 23.0 24.8 22.6 21.9

5 to 14 weeks

23.1 23.8 23.8 23.6 24.4 24.0 23.4 23.9 24.4

15 weeks and over

54.3 55.2 53.8 54.4 53.2 53.0 51.7 53.5 53.7

15 to 26 weeks

15.3 16.3 16.2 15.3 15.2 16.1 15.8 16.1 16.0

27 weeks and over

39.0 38.8 37.6 39.1 38.0 36.9 36.0 37.4 37.7

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013

Total, 16 years and over(1)

143,060 144,423 11,844 9,984 7.6 6.5

Management, professional, and related occupations

54,635 54,880 2,221 1,637 3.9 2.9

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

22,757 22,754 963 729 4.1 3.1

Professional and related occupations

31,877 32,126 1,258 908 3.8 2.7

Service occupations

25,075 25,704 2,465 2,127 9.0 7.6

Sales and office occupations

33,497 33,631 2,515 2,279 7.0 6.3

Sales and related occupations

15,396 15,450 1,161 1,043 7.0 6.3

Office and administrative support occupations

18,101 18,181 1,354 1,237 7.0 6.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

12,811 12,988 1,722 1,369 11.8 9.5

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

863 868 194 135 18.3 13.4

Construction and extraction occupations

7,069 7,094 1,194 973 14.4 12.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

4,879 5,026 334 262 6.4 5.0

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

17,042 17,220 1,788 1,512 9.5 8.1

Production occupations

8,357 8,471 846 707 9.2 7.7

Transportation and material moving occupations

8,685 8,749 943 804 9.8 8.4

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013

Total, 16 years and over(1)

11,844 9,984 7.6 6.5

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

9,104 7,662 7.6 6.3

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

58 38 6.3 3.6

Construction

1,105 958 13.5 11.4

Manufacturing

1,145 854 7.5 5.5

Durable goods

706 571 7.3 5.8

Nondurable goods

439 283 7.7 5.0

Wholesale and retail trade

1,430 1,253 7.0 6.2

Transportation and utilities

369 379 6.1 6.2

Information

229 133 8.0 4.8

Financial activities

386 394 4.1 4.2

Professional and business services

1,307 1,139 8.7 7.3

Education and health services

1,177 897 5.2 4.0

Leisure and hospitality

1,426 1,194 10.8 9.0

Other services

472 423 7.1 6.6

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

209 170 15.1 12.0

Government workers

874 627 4.0 3.0

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

566 518 5.6 5.3

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2012
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Aug.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

4.2 3.7 3.5 4.3 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.6

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

4.3 3.5 3.5 4.2 3.8 3.7 4.0 3.7 3.5

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

7.6 6.6 6.5 7.9 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.0 6.7

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

8.3 7.1 7.0 8.5 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.4 7.2

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

9.2 7.9 7.9 9.4 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.2 8.1

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

14.4 12.7 13.0 14.4 13.6 13.6 13.7 13.1 13.1

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2012
Dec.
2013

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

89,445 92,338 35,712 37,118 53,733 55,220

Persons who currently want a job

6,532 5,932 3,064 2,781 3,467 3,151

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

2,614 2,427 1,303 1,236 1,311 1,191

Discouraged workers(2)

1,068 917 636 524 433 394

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,545 1,510 667 712 878 798

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

7,081 6,934 3,485 3,254 3,597 3,679

Percent of total employed

4.9 4.8 4.6 4.3 5.3 5.4

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

3,591 3,550 1,976 1,824 1,615 1,726

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

2,118 1,969 729 662 1,390 1,308

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

228 273 137 183 91 90

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,088 1,091 608 567 481 524

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)
Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)
Change from:
Nov.2013 - Dec.2013(p)

Total nonfarm

135,560 137,523 137,999 137,753 134,691 136,562 136,803 136,877 74

Total private

113,321 115,314 115,662 115,542 112,817 114,715 114,941 115,028 87

Goods-producing

18,416 18,971 18,871 18,659 18,522 18,704 18,755 18,752 -3

Mining and logging

855 895 886 886 860 886 887 891 4

Logging

50.8 54.3 55.5 52.7 50.6 51.9 53.9 52.3 -1.6

Mining

804.0 840.9 830.9 833.6 809.2 834.3 833.1 838.2 5.1

Oil and gas extraction

190.9 198.2 198.9 201.5 191.7 199.1 200.1 201.9 1.8

Mining, except oil and gas(1)

219.8 226.0 223.3 219.5 224.3 222.8 223.5 223.3 -0.2

Coal mining

83.4 85.6 84.9 85.6 83.8 86.0 85.9 85.9 0.0

Support activities for mining

393.3 416.7 408.7 412.6 393.2 412.4 409.5 413.0 3.5

Construction

5,622 6,052 5,961 5,745 5,711 5,830 5,849 5,833 -16

Construction of buildings

1,248.3 1,316.2 1,301.8 1,287.1 1,249.6 1,279.8 1,282.8 1,286.4 3.6

Residential building

575.5 611.3 605.3 603.1 574.4 594.9 596.4 601.2 4.8

Nonresidential building

672.8 704.9 696.5 684.0 675.2 684.9 686.4 685.2 -1.2

Heavy and civil engineering construction

847.2 960.8 926.7 849.4 884.6 894.0 893.9 885.1 -8.8

Specialty trade contractors

3,526.2 3,774.5 3,732.0 3,608.8 3,576.5 3,656.0 3,672.6 3,661.1 -11.5

Residential specialty trade contractors

1,472.4 1,615.5 1,597.6 1,543.5 1,502.6 1,562.3 1,574.2 1,575.6 1.4

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,053.8 2,159.0 2,134.4 2,065.3 2,073.9 2,093.7 2,098.4 2,085.5 -12.9

Manufacturing

11,939 12,024 12,024 12,028 11,951 11,988 12,019 12,028 9

Durable goods

7,490 7,548 7,564 7,574 7,494 7,543 7,564 7,570 6

Wood products

342.0 354.8 353.6 352.9 343.9 353.0 353.1 353.0 -0.1

Nonmetallic mineral products

360.5 376.8 376.6 368.0 365.6 371.1 373.6 372.1 -1.5

Primary metals

397.3 392.2 393.4 397.1 398.3 392.4 394.8 398.3 3.5

Fabricated metal products

1,421.9 1,449.1 1,452.1 1,455.9 1,424.0 1,446.8 1,451.5 1,456.5 5.0

Machinery

1,103.0 1,104.0 1,104.4 1,109.2 1,100.9 1,105.4 1,106.6 1,106.9 0.3

Computer and electronic products(1)

1,088.3 1,078.3 1,077.1 1,078.8 1,086.7 1,079.3 1,080.1 1,077.7 -2.4

Computer and peripheral equipment

158.8 163.5 164.2 165.1 158.4 163.9 164.7 165.0 0.3

Communications equipment

108.8 104.5 103.9 104.3 108.3 104.8 104.1 104.0 -0.1

Semiconductors and electronic components

382.9 377.2 378.0 381.3 382.5 377.8 379.6 381.0 1.4

Electronic instruments

397.4 394.5 392.7 390.5 397.4 394.4 393.8 390.3 -3.5

Electrical equipment and appliances

369.5 364.5 364.7 366.3 368.3 364.7 365.1 365.3 0.2

Transportation equipment(1)

1,478.4 1,494.5 1,503.7 1,511.1 1,474.9 1,497.3 1,502.8 1,506.6 3.8

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

788.6 819.6 826.1 827.8 786.0 819.2 824.8 825.8 1.0

Furniture and related products

348.3 356.1 356.6 355.2 350.8 356.0 358.3 357.1 -1.2

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

581.1 578.1 581.7 579.2 580.1 577.0 577.6 576.9 -0.7

Nondurable goods

4,449 4,476 4,460 4,454 4,457 4,445 4,455 4,458 3

Food manufacturing

1,463.1 1,491.1 1,481.1 1,480.5 1,465.6 1,466.9 1,475.5 1,480.8 5.3

Textile mills

115.3 115.0 114.6 115.0 115.7 115.1 114.5 115.5 1.0

Textile product mills

117.8 113.9 114.3 112.9 117.5 113.4 113.4 112.4 -1.0

Apparel

147.3 140.7 140.9 140.0 148.1 140.5 140.3 139.9 -0.4

Paper and paper products

377.5 373.8 374.1 375.5 377.2 374.3 374.8 375.1 0.3

Printing and related support activities

458.2 445.1 445.2 442.5 457.3 443.9 443.3 441.1 -2.2

Petroleum and coal products

113.1 116.7 115.7 115.5 115.0 114.1 115.5 117.1 1.6

Chemicals

787.1 791.3 792.9 793.4 787.1 793.2 795.1 793.3 -1.8

Plastics and rubber products

648.6 655.5 656.5 658.1 649.6 656.6 658.3 659.9 1.6

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

220.6 233.1 225.0 220.2 223.4 227.1 224.3 222.8 -1.5

Private service-providing

94,905 96,343 96,791 96,883 94,295 96,011 96,186 96,276 90

Trade, transportation, and utilities

26,425 26,187 26,728 26,992 25,769 26,150 26,217 26,286 69

Wholesale trade

5,723.6 5,795.8 5,804.0 5,821.1 5,715.3 5,785.1 5,794.9 5,810.3 15.4

Durable goods

2,849.3 2,881.3 2,881.7 2,888.9 2,847.7 2,879.1 2,882.1 2,886.0 3.9

Nondurable goods

1,994.7 2,014.6 2,019.5 2,018.1 1,990.4 2,006.9 2,010.5 2,012.8 2.3

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

879.6 899.9 902.8 914.1 877.2 899.1 902.3 911.5 9.2

Retail trade

15,538.3 15,303.3 15,768.7 15,945.2 15,004.1 15,307.7 15,329.6 15,384.9 55.3

Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)

1,736.2 1,796.1 1,798.3 1,796.2 1,747.4 1,790.5 1,799.9 1,807.2 7.3

Automobile dealers

1,098.5 1,135.3 1,138.0 1,138.4 1,103.2 1,132.2 1,138.6 1,143.9 5.3

Furniture and home furnishings stores

470.8 456.9 473.3 483.4 446.5 453.1 454.7 458.2 3.5

Electronics and appliance stores

538.4 531.0 559.3 560.6 513.3 529.1 527.0 530.2 3.2

Building material and garden supply stores

1,138.6 1,189.8 1,185.4 1,177.5 1,177.1 1,209.7 1,212.5 1,213.7 1.2

Food and beverage stores

2,913.0 2,961.4 2,976.9 2,991.3 2,887.1 2,956.5 2,951.5 2,963.3 11.8

Health and personal care stores

1,036.1 1,040.5 1,049.6 1,060.5 1,017.7 1,041.2 1,036.6 1,041.5 4.9

Gasoline stations

844.8 869.5 869.5 863.1 846.3 867.9 866.3 865.1 -1.2

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,620.1 1,427.7 1,562.9 1,614.5 1,454.1 1,433.7 1,434.1 1,445.7 11.6

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

619.7 596.0 651.5 665.9 576.4 598.9 608.4 613.6 5.2

General merchandise stores(1)

3,314.8 3,147.6 3,338.6 3,419.9 3,088.5 3,166.3 3,180.8 3,188.4 7.6

Department stores

1,638.8 1,479.8 1,614.4 1,674.9 1,475.4 1,499.9 1,505.7 1,508.8 3.1

Miscellaneous store retailers

826.4 818.6 820.4 823.6 807.4 806.6 806.6 806.0 -0.6

Nonstore retailers

479.4 468.2 483.0 488.7 442.3 454.2 451.2 452.0 0.8

Transportation and warehousing

4,609.2 4,533.2 4,600.3 4,672.6 4,493.8 4,501.7 4,536.6 4,536.0 -0.6

Air transportation

449.6 444.6 445.8 450.4 450.8 446.4 449.6 451.6 2.0

Rail transportation

230.0 229.8 229.8 229.8 230.4 229.9 229.9 230.4 0.5

Water transportation

62.1 63.2 62.8 62.9 62.7 62.6 63.4 63.4 0.0

Truck transportation

1,368.4 1,403.5 1,405.8 1,394.4 1,370.8 1,387.2 1,395.5 1,395.6 0.1

Transit and ground passenger transportation

478.6 490.4 494.5 496.2 462.1 472.5 477.0 478.3 1.3

Pipeline transportation

44.4 45.4 45.4 45.5 44.2 45.4 45.6 45.4 -0.2

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

22.8 26.0 22.2 21.4 27.2 25.4 25.1 25.7 0.6

Support activities for transportation

592.8 593.6 593.5 597.1 589.1 591.0 591.6 592.4 0.8

Couriers and messengers

648.7 526.7 579.4 651.8 560.3 540.9 554.4 548.0 -6.4

Warehousing and storage

711.8 710.0 721.1 723.1 696.2 700.4 704.5 705.2 0.7

Utilities

554.1 555.0 554.5 553.0 555.3 555.5 556.3 554.6 -1.7

Information

2,685 2,672 2,697 2,673 2,676 2,683 2,684 2,672 -12

Publishing industries, except Internet

733.9 727.6 729.1 730.6 729.9 725.8 726.7 727.0 0.3

Motion picture and sound recording industries

377.3 355.4 378.5 347.6 379.3 368.1 370.4 356.7 -13.7

Broadcasting, except Internet

287.1 288.8 288.8 287.7 285.8 287.9 287.2 286.0 -1.2

Telecommunications

854.2 858.8 858.4 863.0 851.1 859.9 858.7 860.4 1.7

Data processing, hosting and related services

252.9 254.3 254.7 256.4 251.6 254.7 254.5 255.0 0.5

Other information services

179.8 187.5 187.1 187.6 178.5 186.9 186.8 186.4 -0.4

Financial activities

7,846 7,912 7,908 7,925 7,831 7,910 7,911 7,915 4

Finance and insurance

5,888.5 5,904.9 5,909.1 5,921.4 5,869.9 5,907.3 5,903.7 5,907.4 3.7

Monetary authorities - central bank

17.4 16.9 17.3 16.9 17.3 16.7 17.0 16.7 -0.3

Credit intermediation and related
activities(1)

2,610.5 2,591.4 2,587.4 2,589.4 2,601.9 2,595.1 2,587.1 2,584.9 -2.2

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,742.6 1,718.0 1,716.3 1,715.2 1,739.1 1,721.5 1,718.4 1,713.7 -4.7

Commercial banking

1,316.5 1,288.2 1,285.1 1,282.4 1,314.7 1,290.0 1,287.0 1,281.8 -5.2

Securities, commodity contracts, investments

819.9 834.3 833.4 835.8 818.0 833.5 831.9 835.0 3.1

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,353.3 2,375.6 2,384.2 2,391.8 2,346.1 2,375.2 2,381.0 2,384.1 3.1

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles

87.4 86.7 86.8 87.5 86.6 86.8 86.7 86.7 0.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

1,957.4 2,007.3 1,999.0 2,003.8 1,961.2 2,002.4 2,006.8 2,007.3 0.5

Real estate

1,426.5 1,458.7 1,452.9 1,457.4 1,423.0 1,454.6 1,456.1 1,454.4 -1.7

Rental and leasing services

506.9 526.1 523.5 523.6 514.6 525.3 528.3 530.5 2.2

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

24.0 22.5 22.6 22.8 23.6 22.5 22.4 22.4 0.0

Professional and business services

18,237 18,898 18,902 18,858 18,152 18,729 18,770 18,789 19

Professional and technical services(1)

8,040.5 8,143.6 8,177.3 8,216.3 7,995.8 8,171.6 8,191.1 8,179.4 -11.7

Legal services

1,131.9 1,131.2 1,129.8 1,130.6 1,128.0 1,129.3 1,127.8 1,127.0 -0.8

Accounting and bookkeeping services

924.1 880.6 903.2 930.5 914.5 946.8 951.9 927.2 -24.7

Architectural and engineering services

1,336.3 1,372.8 1,370.3 1,374.1 1,336.0 1,365.7 1,368.8 1,374.1 5.3

Computer systems design and related services

1,664.1 1,713.0 1,719.4 1,717.1 1,658.5 1,706.8 1,711.4 1,712.8 1.4

Management and technical consulting services

1,158.9 1,211.0 1,211.0 1,217.6 1,145.4 1,200.5 1,200.9 1,204.8 3.9

Management of companies and enterprises

2,028.9 2,055.8 2,059.9 2,063.1 2,020.9 2,055.3 2,057.6 2,058.3 0.7

Administrative and waste services

8,167.5 8,698.3 8,664.4 8,578.8 8,135.2 8,502.5 8,520.8 8,551.1 30.3

Administrative and support services(1)

7,794.3 8,318.4 8,286.5 8,204.4 7,759.3 8,124.6 8,142.4 8,173.4 31.0

Employment services(1)

3,304.9 3,570.6 3,573.3 3,588.5 3,213.6 3,452.0 3,465.2 3,499.3 34.1

Temporary help services

2,651.2 2,867.9 2,871.8 2,889.3 2,569.2 2,763.4 2,776.2 2,816.6 40.4

Business support services

856.7 869.2 888.3 888.3 834.5 859.4 868.0 864.6 -3.4

Services to buildings and dwellings

1,766.9 1,938.2 1,897.3 1,809.1 1,840.8 1,889.1 1,888.2 1,884.9 -3.3

Waste management and remediation services

373.2 379.9 377.9 374.4 375.9 377.9 378.4 377.7 -0.7

Education and health services

20,673 20,964 21,052 20,991 20,496 20,782 20,823 20,823 0

Educational services

3,463.0 3,529.6 3,570.1 3,500.5 3,344.7 3,381.8 3,388.0 3,388.6 0.6

Health care and social assistance

17,209.5 17,434.2 17,481.8 17,490.9 17,150.9 17,399.7 17,435.1 17,434.1 -1.0

Health care(3)

14,492.7 14,657.9 14,697.9 14,699.7 14,453.7 14,636.7 14,667.3 14,661.3 -6.0

Ambulatory health care services(1)

6,441.9 6,597.2 6,621.4 6,620.0 6,419.3 6,578.3 6,603.5 6,599.4 -4.1

Offices of physicians

2,433.0 2,463.7 2,470.3 2,476.9 2,417.9 2,454.4 2,462.0 2,460.8 -1.2

Outpatient care centers

670.6 703.5 707.1 712.5 669.7 703.2 707.6 711.2 3.6

Home health care services

1,244.4 1,304.3 1,315.1 1,309.5 1,239.5 1,301.0 1,310.8 1,307.1 -3.7

Hospitals

4,831.0 4,834.5 4,843.4 4,841.6 4,823.4 4,833.7 4,835.6 4,833.2 -2.4

Nursing and residential care facilities(1)

3,219.8 3,226.2 3,233.1 3,238.1 3,211.0 3,224.7 3,228.2 3,228.7 0.5

Nursing care facilities

1,669.9 1,658.6 1,657.4 1,654.1 1,665.5 1,657.3 1,654.4 1,650.5 -3.9

Social assistance(1)

2,716.8 2,776.3 2,783.9 2,791.2 2,697.2 2,763.0 2,767.8 2,772.8 5.0

Child day care services

869.7 874.0 875.4 871.4 857.3 858.6 859.0 858.2 -0.8

Leisure and hospitality

13,591 14,219 14,016 13,963 13,901 14,262 14,282 14,291 9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

1,825.6 2,002.7 1,892.4 1,875.8 1,982.0 2,042.2 2,043.1 2,037.7 -5.4

Performing arts and spectator sports

396.9 435.3 415.1 395.6 414.0 429.9 428.0 416.4 -11.6

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

130.1 138.5 135.3 133.0 137.4 138.7 140.4 139.7 -0.7

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,298.6 1,428.9 1,342.0 1,347.2 1,430.6 1,473.6 1,474.7 1,481.6 6.9

Accommodation and food services

11,765.8 12,216.2 12,123.9 12,087.4 11,919.2 12,219.3 12,238.6 12,253.0 14.4

Accommodation

1,755.2 1,831.2 1,783.0 1,782.8 1,818.3 1,840.1 1,841.0 1,846.0 5.0

Food services and drinking places

10,010.6 10,385.0 10,340.9 10,304.6 10,100.9 10,379.2 10,397.6 10,407.0 9.4

Other services

5,448 5,491 5,488 5,481 5,470 5,495 5,499 5,500 1

Repair and maintenance

1,191.3 1,201.1 1,195.4 1,197.4 1,199.7 1,199.7 1,200.2 1,204.5 4.3

Personal and laundry services

1,328.2 1,347.7 1,347.0 1,346.3 1,328.3 1,349.6 1,346.5 1,345.9 -0.6

Membership associations and organizations

2,928.7 2,942.6 2,945.9 2,937.3 2,941.5 2,945.3 2,951.9 2,949.8 -2.1

Government

22,239 22,209 22,337 22,211 21,874 21,847 21,862 21,849 -13

Federal

2,798.0 2,711.0 2,711.0 2,727.0 2,799.0 2,717.0 2,722.0 2,720.0 -2.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,189.9 2,120.6 2,120.9 2,123.9 2,194.8 2,128.9 2,129.5 2,125.3 -4.2

U.S. Postal Service

608.3 590.2 590.3 603.3 603.7 587.8 592.3 594.5 2.2

State government

5,150.0 5,205.0 5,238.0 5,160.0 5,040.0 5,048.0 5,053.0 5,051.0 -2.0

State government education

2,502.1 2,556.7 2,590.6 2,518.5 2,381.3 2,391.2 2,397.2 2,398.0 0.8

State government, excluding education

2,648.1 2,648.3 2,646.9 2,641.7 2,658.6 2,656.9 2,655.9 2,652.5 -3.4

Local government

14,291.0 14,293.0 14,388.0 14,324.0 14,035.0 14,082.0 14,087.0 14,078.0 -9.0

Local government education

8,097.0 8,040.8 8,145.9 8,101.9 7,763.2 7,791.5 7,793.6 7,778.7 -14.9

Local government, excluding education

6,194.0 6,252.1 6,242.2 6,221.7 6,271.3 6,290.5 6,293.3 6,298.8 5.5

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.5 34.4 34.5 34.4

Goods-producing

40.4 40.4 40.6 40.5

Mining and logging

43.5 44.3 44.6 45.0

Construction

39.3 38.8 39.0 38.8

Manufacturing

40.8 40.9 41.0 41.0

Durable goods

41.0 41.3 41.5 41.3

Nondurable goods

40.4 40.1 40.2 40.3

Private service-providing

33.3 33.3 33.3 33.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.5 34.5 34.4 34.5

Wholesale trade

38.6 38.8 38.8 38.7

Retail trade

31.4 31.3 31.2 31.3

Transportation and warehousing

38.4 38.8 38.8 38.8

Utilities

42.2 41.9 41.6 42.0

Information

36.5 36.7 36.6 36.7

Financial activities

37.2 37.1 37.2 37.1

Professional and business services

36.0 36.1 36.2 36.1

Education and health services

32.8 32.8 32.8 32.7

Leisure and hospitality

26.1 25.8 26.0 25.9

Other services

31.5 31.6 31.7 31.6

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5

Durable goods

3.2 3.4 3.5 3.5

Nondurable goods

3.4 3.3 3.3 3.5

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)
Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)

Total private

$23.75 $24.11 $24.15 $24.17 $819.38 $829.38 $833.18 $831.45

Goods-producing

24.89 25.34 25.39 25.45 1,005.56 1,023.74 1,030.83 1,030.73

Mining and logging

29.14 30.22 30.31 30.20 1,267.59 1,338.75 1,351.83 1,359.00

Construction

25.97 26.24 26.25 26.37 1,020.62 1,018.11 1,023.75 1,023.16

Manufacturing

24.07 24.54 24.60 24.64 982.06 1,003.69 1,008.60 1,010.24

Durable goods

25.44 25.93 25.98 26.03 1,043.04 1,070.91 1,078.17 1,075.04

Nondurable goods

21.72 22.12 22.18 22.23 877.49 887.01 891.64 895.87

Private service-providing

23.47 23.82 23.85 23.87 781.55 793.21 794.21 792.48

Trade, transportation, and utilities

20.73 21.07 21.10 21.09 715.19 726.92 725.84 727.61

Wholesale trade

27.36 27.84 27.94 28.01 1,056.10 1,080.19 1,084.07 1,083.99

Retail trade

16.48 16.67 16.67 16.62 517.47 521.77 520.10 520.21

Transportation and warehousing

21.92 22.55 22.57 22.59 841.73 874.94 875.72 876.49

Utilities

34.89 35.12 35.12 35.55 1,472.36 1,471.53 1,460.99 1,493.10

Information

32.18 33.15 33.35 33.29 1,174.57 1,216.61 1,220.61 1,221.74

Financial activities

29.80 30.38 30.48 30.42 1,108.56 1,127.10 1,133.86 1,128.58

Professional and business services

28.29 28.55 28.61 28.67 1,018.44 1,030.66 1,035.68 1,034.99

Education and health services

24.47 24.70 24.73 24.73 802.62 810.16 811.14 808.67

Leisure and hospitality

13.38 13.58 13.58 13.66 349.22 350.36 353.08 353.79

Other services

21.10 21.48 21.49 21.54 664.65 678.77 681.23 680.66

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)
Percent change from:
Nov.
2013 - Dec.
2013(p)
Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)
Percent change from:
Nov.
2013 - Dec.
2013(p)

Total private

97.5 98.8 99.3 99.1 -0.2 110.4 113.7 114.4 114.2 -0.2

Goods-producing

85.3 86.1 86.8 86.5 -0.3 95.9 98.6 99.6 99.5 -0.1

Mining and logging

117.6 123.3 124.3 126.0 1.4 137.5 149.6 151.3 152.8 1.0

Construction

77.4 78.0 78.6 78.0 -0.8 87.3 88.9 89.7 89.4 -0.3

Manufacturing

87.7 88.2 88.7 88.7 0.0 98.2 100.7 101.4 101.7 0.3

Durable goods

86.5 87.7 88.4 88.0 -0.5 97.7 101.0 102.0 101.8 -0.2

Nondurable goods

89.9 89.0 89.4 89.7 0.3 99.0 99.8 100.6 101.1 0.5

Private service-providing

100.8 102.6 102.8 102.6 -0.2 114.6 118.4 118.8 118.6 -0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

96.7 98.1 98.1 98.6 0.5 107.9 111.3 111.4 112.0 0.5

Wholesale trade

96.3 97.9 98.1 98.1 0.0 109.9 113.8 114.4 114.7 0.3

Retail trade

95.7 97.3 97.2 97.8 0.6 104.3 107.3 107.1 107.5 0.4

Transportation and warehousing

98.8 100.0 100.7 100.7 0.0 109.9 114.4 115.4 115.5 0.1

Utilities

101.4 100.7 100.1 100.8 0.7 116.9 116.8 116.2 118.4 1.9

Information

89.2 89.9 89.7 89.6 -0.1 102.2 106.1 106.5 106.2 -0.3

Financial activities

95.4 96.1 96.4 96.2 -0.2 110.9 113.9 114.6 114.1 -0.4

Professional and business services

102.8 106.3 106.9 106.7 -0.2 117.8 123.0 123.9 123.9 0.0

Education and health services

109.4 111.0 111.2 110.9 -0.3 125.5 128.4 128.8 128.4 -0.3

Leisure and hospitality

103.5 105.0 106.0 105.6 -0.4 111.7 115.0 116.1 116.4 0.3

Other services

95.5 96.2 96.6 96.3 -0.3 114.3 117.3 117.8 117.7 -0.1

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)
Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)

Total nonfarm

66,466 67,486 67,606 67,681 49.3 49.4 49.4 49.4

Total private

53,993 54,994 55,104 55,185 47.9 47.9 47.9 48.0

Goods-producing

4,099 4,112 4,121 4,125 22.1 22.0 22.0 22.0

Mining and logging

115 118 117 118 13.4 13.3 13.2 13.2

Construction

730 742 743 742 12.8 12.7 12.7 12.7

Manufacturing

3,254 3,252 3,261 3,265 27.2 27.1 27.1 27.1

Durable goods

1,734 1,740 1,745 1,749 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.1

Nondurable goods

1,520 1,512 1,516 1,516 34.1 34.0 34.0 34.0

Private service-providing

49,894 50,882 50,983 51,060 52.9 53.0 53.0 53.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

10,408 10,660 10,690 10,741 40.4 40.8 40.8 40.9

Wholesale trade

1,706.4 1,721.5 1,721.1 1,727.7 29.9 29.8 29.7 29.7

Retail trade

7,517.7 7,739.0 7,765.4 7,803.9 50.1 50.6 50.7 50.7

Transportation and warehousing

1,046.1 1,062.3 1,066.5 1,072.3 23.3 23.6 23.5 23.6

Utilities

138.0 137.0 137.4 136.9 24.9 24.7 24.7 24.7

Information

1,069 1,071 1,074 1,068 39.9 39.9 40.0 40.0

Financial activities

4,530 4,544 4,544 4,543 57.8 57.4 57.4 57.4

Professional and business services

8,037 8,368 8,388 8,403 44.3 44.7 44.7 44.7

Education and health services

15,723 15,925 15,963 15,964 76.7 76.6 76.7 76.7

Leisure and hospitality

7,249 7,424 7,432 7,450 52.1 52.1 52.0 52.1

Other services

2,878 2,890 2,892 2,891 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.6

Government

12,473 12,492 12,502 12,496 57.0 57.2 57.2 57.2

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)

Total private

93,237 94,735 94,920 94,998

Goods-producing

13,347 13,451 13,495 13,475

Mining and logging

639 654 655 656

Construction

4,300 4,407 4,429 4,408

Manufacturing

8,408 8,390 8,411 8,411

Durable goods

5,167 5,177 5,189 5,188

Nondurable goods

3,241 3,213 3,222 3,223

Private service-providing

79,890 81,284 81,425 81,523

Trade, transportation, and utilities

21,877 22,112 22,165 22,224

Wholesale trade

4,609.2 4,667.2 4,671.7 4,677.3

Retail trade

12,918.7 13,104.0 13,127.8 13,174.6

Transportation and warehousing

3,902.6 3,891.3 3,916.3 3,923.6

Utilities

446.0 449.2 449.5 448.3

Information

2,170 2,174 2,173 2,164

Financial activities

6,026 6,087 6,091 6,093

Professional and business services

15,009 15,518 15,553 15,584

Education and health services

17,965 18,215 18,252 18,259

Leisure and hospitality

12,273 12,601 12,611 12,620

Other services

4,570 4,577 4,580 4,579

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.7 33.6 33.7 33.6

Goods-producing

41.3 41.3 41.5 41.4

Mining and logging

45.8 45.3 45.8 46.2

Construction

39.7 39.4 39.8 39.3

Manufacturing

41.8 41.9 42.1 42.1

Durable goods

42.1 42.4 42.5 42.5

Nondurable goods

41.3 41.2 41.3 41.4

Private service-providing

32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

33.8 33.6 33.5 33.6

Wholesale trade

38.7 38.6 38.8 38.4

Retail trade

30.4 30.1 29.9 30.1

Transportation and warehousing

38.2 38.4 38.4 38.5

Utilities

41.1 41.3 41.1 41.7

Information

35.8 35.7 35.6 36.0

Financial activities

36.9 36.6 36.7 36.7

Professional and business services

35.3 35.3 35.5 35.2

Education and health services

32.3 32.1 32.2 32.1

Leisure and hospitality

25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0

Other services

30.6 30.5 30.7 30.6

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6

Durable goods

4.2 4.5 4.6 4.6

Nondurable goods

4.4 4.3 4.3 4.5

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)
Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)

Total private

$19.93 $20.27 $20.32 $20.35 $671.64 $681.07 $684.78 $683.76

Goods-producing

21.08 21.33 21.36 21.45 870.60 880.93 886.44 888.03

Mining and logging

26.21 27.11 27.16 27.18 1,200.42 1,228.08 1,243.93 1,255.72

Construction

24.15 24.28 24.25 24.44 958.76 956.63 965.15 960.49

Manufacturing

19.17 19.39 19.43 19.50 801.31 812.44 818.00 820.95

Durable goods

20.26 20.45 20.49 20.54 852.95 867.08 870.83 872.95

Nondurable goods

17.39 17.63 17.67 17.78 718.21 726.36 729.77 736.09

Private service-providing

19.68 20.05 20.09 20.12 639.60 649.62 650.92 651.89

Trade, transportation, and utilities

17.49 17.86 17.94 17.90 591.16 600.10 600.99 601.44

Wholesale trade

22.40 22.81 22.91 22.95 866.88 880.47 888.91 881.28

Retail trade

13.85 14.09 14.14 14.08 421.04 424.11 422.79 423.81

Transportation and warehousing

19.42 20.04 20.07 20.06 741.84 769.54 770.69 772.31

Utilities

31.80 32.54 32.45 32.77 1,306.98 1,343.90 1,333.70 1,366.51

Information

27.48 27.99 28.05 28.08 983.78 999.24 998.58 1,010.88

Financial activities

23.37 24.24 24.30 24.30 862.35 887.18 891.81 891.81

Professional and business services

23.48 23.75 23.77 23.84 828.84 838.38 843.84 839.17

Education and health services

21.25 21.59 21.62 21.68 686.38 693.04 696.16 695.93

Leisure and hospitality

11.67 11.86 11.83 11.93 291.75 296.50 295.75 298.25

Other services

17.77 18.11 18.14 18.20 543.76 552.36 556.90 556.92

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)
Percent change from:
Nov.
2013 - Dec.
2013(p)
Dec.
2012
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013(p)
Dec.
2013(p)
Percent change from:
Nov.
2013 - Dec.
2013(p)

Total private

104.9 106.2 106.8 106.5 -0.3 139.6 143.8 144.9 144.8 -0.1

Goods-producing

84.2 84.9 85.6 85.2 -0.5 108.7 110.9 111.9 112.0 0.1

Mining and logging

155.5 157.4 159.4 161.1 1.1 237.1 248.2 251.8 254.6 1.1

Construction

85.5 86.9 88.3 86.7 -1.8 111.5 114.0 115.6 114.5 -1.0

Manufacturing

80.7 80.7 81.3 81.3 0.0 101.1 102.3 103.3 103.7 0.4

Durable goods

81.7 82.5 82.9 82.9 0.0 103.4 105.3 106.0 106.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

78.9 78.0 78.4 78.6 0.3 96.9 97.2 97.9 98.8 0.9

Private service-providing

110.8 112.4 112.6 112.7 0.1 149.4 154.4 155.0 155.4 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

103.1 103.6 103.5 104.1 0.6 128.6 132.0 132.5 132.9 0.3

Wholesale trade

105.0 106.1 106.7 105.8 -0.8 138.6 142.6 144.1 143.0 -0.8

Retail trade

99.4 99.8 99.4 100.4 1.0 118.0 120.6 120.4 121.1 0.6

Transportation and warehousing

112.2 112.5 113.2 113.7 0.4 138.2 143.0 144.1 144.7 0.4

Utilities

93.7 94.9 94.5 95.6 1.2 124.4 128.9 128.0 130.8 2.2

Information

88.7 88.6 88.3 88.9 0.7 120.6 122.7 122.6 123.6 0.8

Financial activities

104.7 104.9 105.2 105.3 0.1 150.5 156.4 157.3 157.4 0.1

Professional and business services

118.7 122.8 123.7 122.9 -0.6 165.9 173.5 175.0 174.4 -0.3

Education and health services

125.2 126.1 126.8 126.4 -0.3 174.9 179.0 180.2 180.2 0.0

Leisure and hospitality

112.4 115.4 115.5 115.6 0.1 148.9 155.4 155.1 156.6 1.0

Other services

98.1 97.9 98.6 98.3 -0.3 127.0 129.2 130.3 130.3 0.0

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary


Last Modified Date: January 10, 2014