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Economic News Release
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CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until		USDL-19-0140
8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, February 1, 2019

Technical information: 
 Household data:	(202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:	(202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov

	
		 THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- JANUARY 2019


Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 304,000 in January, and the
unemployment rate edged up to 4.0 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
reported today. Job gains occurred in several industries, including leisure
and hospitality, construction, health care, and transportation and warehousing.  

 _____________________________________________________________________________
| 									      |
|                Changes to The Employment Situation Data		      |
|									      |
|   Establishment survey data have been revised as a result of the annual     |
|   benchmarking process and the updating of seasonal adjustment factors.     |
|   Also, household survey data for January 2019 reflect updated population   |
|   estimates. See the notes beginning at the end of this news release for    |
|   more information about these changes.				      |
|_____________________________________________________________________________|


Household Survey Data

Both the unemployment rate, at 4.0 percent, and the number of unemployed persons,
at 6.5 million, edged up in January. The impact of the partial federal government
shutdown contributed to the uptick in these measures. Among the unemployed, the
number who reported being on temporary layoff increased by 175,000. This figure
includes furloughed federal employees who were classified as unemployed on
temporary layoff under the definitions used in the household survey. (See tables
A-1 and A-11. For information about annual population adjustments to the household
survey estimates, see the note at the end of this release and tables B and C. For
more information on the classification of workers affected by the partial federal
government shutdown, see the box note at the end of this news release.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for Hispanics increased to
4.9 percent in January. The jobless rates for adult men (3.7 percent), adult
women (3.6 percent), teenagers (12.9 percent), Whites (3.5 percent), Blacks
(6.8 percent), and Asians (3.1 percent) showed little change over the month. (See
tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

In January, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more)
was little changed at 1.3 million and accounted for 19.3 percent of the unemployed.
(See table A-12.)

The labor force participation rate, at 63.2 percent, and the employment-population
ratio, at 60.7 percent, changed little over the month; both measures were up by 0.5
percentage point over the year. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred
to as involuntary part-time workers) increased by about one-half million to 5.1
million in January. Nearly all of this increase occurred in the private sector and
may reflect the impact of the partial federal government shutdown. (Persons employed
part time for economic reasons would have preferred full-time employment but were
working part time because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find
full-time jobs.) (See table A-8.)

In January, 1.6 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force,
essentially unchanged from a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.) These
individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and
had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as 
unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the
survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 426,000 discouraged workers in January,
little different than a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.)
Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they
believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.2 million persons
marginally attached to the labor force in January had not searched for work for
reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 304,000 in January, compared with
an average monthly gain of 223,000 in 2018. In January, employment grew in several
industries, including leisure and hospitality, construction, health care, and
transportation and warehousing. There were no discernible impacts of the partial
federal government shutdown on the estimates of employment, hours, and earnings
from the establishment survey. (See table B-1. For information about the annual
benchmark process, see the note at the end of this release and table A. For more
information on the classification of workers affected by the partial federal
government shutdown, see the box note at the end of this news release.) 

In January, employment in leisure and hospitality rose by 74,000. Within the
industry, job gains occurred in food services and drinking places (+37,000) and in
amusements, gambling, and recreation (+32,000). Over the year, leisure and
hospitality has added 410,000 jobs. 

Construction employment rose by 52,000 in January. Job gains occurred among
specialty trade contractors, with increases in both the nonresidential (+19,000)
and residential (+15,000) components. Employment also rose in heavy and civil
engineering construction (+10,000) and residential building (+9,000). Construction
has added 338,000 jobs over the past 12 months.

Employment in health care increased by 42,000 in January. Within the industry, job
gains occurred in ambulatory health care services (+22,000) and hospitals (+19,000).
Health care has added 368,000 jobs over the past year.

Over the month, employment in transportation and warehousing rose by 27,000,
following little change in December. In January, job gains occurred in warehousing
and storage (+15,000) and among couriers and messengers (+7,000). Over the year,
employment in transportation and warehousing has increased by 219,000.

In January, retail trade employment edged up by 21,000. Job gains occurred in
sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores (+17,000), while general merchandise
stores lost jobs (-12,000). Employment in retail trade has shown little net change
over the past 12 months (+26,000). 

Mining employment increased by 7,000 in January. The industry has added 64,000 jobs
over the year, almost entirely in support activities for mining.

Employment in professional and business services continued to trend up over the
month (+30,000) and has increased by 546,000 in the past 12 months.

Employment in manufacturing continued to trend up in January (+13,000). Over-the-
month job gains occurred in durable goods (+20,000), while employment in nondurable
goods changed little (-7,000). Manufacturing employment has increased by 261,000
over the year, with more than four-fifths of the gain in durable goods industries.

Employment in federal government was essentially unchanged in January (+1,000).
Federal employees on furlough during the partial government shutdown were counted as
employed in the establishment survey because they worked or received pay (or will
receive pay) for the pay period that included the 12th of the month. 

Employment showed little change over the month in other major industries, including
wholesale trade, information, and financial activities.

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at
34.5 hours in January. In manufacturing, both the workweek and overtime decreased by
0.1 hour to 40.8 hours and 3.5 hours, respectively. The average workweek for
production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls held at 33.7
hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

In January, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls
rose by 3 cents to $27.56, following a 10-cent gain in December. Over the year,
average hourly earnings have increased by 85 cents, or 3.2 percent. Average hourly
earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 3
cents to $23.12 in January. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for November was revised up from
+176,000 to +196,000, and the change for December was revised down from +312,000 to
+222,000. With these revisions, employment gains in November and December combined
were 70,000 less than previously reported. After revisions, job gains have averaged
241,000 per month over the last 3 months. (Monthly revisions result from additional
reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published
estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors. The annual benchmark process
also contributed to the November and December revisions.) 

_____________
The Employment Situation for February is scheduled to be released on Friday,
March 8, 2019, at 8:30 a.m. (EST).
	

   _____________________________________________________________________________
  |									        |
  |                     Partial Federal Government Shutdown		        |
  |										|
  |  Some federal government agencies were shut down or operating at reduced	|
  |  staffing levels during a lapse in appropriations from December 22, 2018,	|
  |  through January 25, 2019. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) was		|
  |  funded during the shutdown period and was operating as usual. Data		|
  |  collection for the household and establishment surveys occurred as		|
  |  scheduled.									|
  |										|
  |  In the household survey, individuals are classified as employed,		|
  |  unemployed, or not in the labor force based on their answers to a series	|
  |  of questions about their activities during the survey reference week.	|
  |  Workers who indicated that they were not working during the entire		|
  |  survey reference week and expected to be recalled to their jobs should	|
  |  be classified as unemployed on temporary layoff. In January 2019, there	|
  |  was an increase in the number of federal workers who were classified as	|
  |  unemployed on temporary layoff. However, there also was an increase in	|
  |  the number of federal workers who were classified as employed but absent	|
  |  from work. BLS analysis of the underlying data indicates that this group	|
  |  included federal workers affected by the shutdown who also should have	|
  |  been classified as unemployed on temporary layoff. Such a			|
  |  misclassification is an example of nonsampling error and can occur when	|
  |  respondents misunderstand questions or interviewers record answers		|
  |  incorrectly. If the federal workers who were recorded as employed but	|
  |  absent from work had been classified as unemployed on temporary layoff,	|
  |  the overall unemployment rate would have been slightly higher than		|
  |  reported. However, according to usual practice, the data from the		|
  |  household survey are accepted as recorded. To maintain data integrity,	|
  |  no ad hoc actions are taken to reassign survey responses. 			|
  |										|
  |  In the establishment survey, businesses and government agencies report the |
  |  number of people on payrolls during the pay period that includes the 12th  |
  |  of the month. Individuals who work or receive pay for any part of the pay  |
  |  period are	defined as employed. Federal employees on furlough during the   |
  |  partial federal government shutdown were considered employed in the        |
  |  establishment survey because they worked or received pay (or will receive  |
  |  pay) for the pay period that included the 12th of the month. Other workers |
  |  (including	federal contractors) who did not work or receive pay during the |
  |  partial federal government shutdown were not counted among the employed.	|
  |										|
  |  Additional information is available online at				|
  |  www.bls.gov/bls/shutdown_2019_empsit_qa.pdf.				|
  |_____________________________________________________________________________|	


	         Revisions to Establishment Survey Data

In accordance with annual practice, the establishment survey data released today
have been benchmarked to reflect comprehensive counts of payroll jobs for March
2018. These counts are derived principally from the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW), which counts jobs covered by the Unemployment Insurance (UI) tax
system. The benchmark process results in revisions to not seasonally adjusted data
from April 2017 forward. Seasonally adjusted data from January 2014 forward are
subject to revision. In addition, data for some series prior to 2014, both
seasonally adjusted and unadjusted, incorporate other revisions.                           
                                                                
The total nonfarm employment level for March 2018 was revised downward by 1,000
(-16,000 on a not seasonally adjusted basis, or less than -0.05 percent). The
absolute average benchmark revision over the past 10 years is 0.2 percent. 

The effect of these revisions on the underlying trend in nonfarm payroll employment
was minor. For example, the over-the-year change in total nonfarm employment for 2018
was revised from +2,638,000 to +2,674,000 (seasonally adjusted). Table A presents
revised total nonfarm employment data on a seasonally adjusted basis from January to
December 2018.

All revised historical establishment survey data are available on the BLS website at
www.bls.gov/ces/data.htm. In addition, an article that discusses the benchmark and
post-benchmark revisions and other technical issues is available at
www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 


Table A. Revisions to total nonfarm employment, January to December 2018, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 |                                    |                                
                 |                Level               |      Over-the-month change     
                 |---------------------------------------------------------------------
 Year and month  |    As     |           |            |    As    |         |           
                 |previously |    As     | Difference |previously|   As    | Difference
                 |published  |  revised  |            |published | revised |           
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 |           |           |           |          |         |           
       2018      |           |           |           |          |         |           
                 |           |           |           |          |         |           
 January.........|  147,801  |  147,767  |    -34    |    176   |    171  |     -5   
 February........|  148,125  |  148,097  |    -28    |    324   |    330  |      6   
 March...........|  148,280  |  148,279  |     -1    |    155   |    182  |     27   
 April...........|  148,455  |  148,475  |     20    |    175   |    196  |     21   
 May.............|  148,723  |  148,745  |     22    |    268   |    270  |      2   
 June............|  148,931  |  149,007  |     76    |    208   |    262  |     54   
 July............|  149,096  |  149,185  |     89    |    165   |    178  |     13   
 August..........|  149,382  |  149,467  |     85    |    286   |    282  |     -4   
 September.......|  149,501  |  149,575  |     74    |    119   |    108  |    -11   
 October.........|  149,775  |  149,852  |     77    |    274   |    277  |      3   
 November........|  149,951  |  150,048  |     97    |    176   |    196  |     20   
 December (p)....|  150,263  |  150,270  |      7    |    312   |    222  |    -90   
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


                Adjustments to Population Estimates for the Household Survey


Effective with data for January 2019, updated population estimates were incorporated into
the household survey. Population estimates for the household survey are developed by the
U.S. Census Bureau. Each year, the Census Bureau updates the estimates to reflect new
information and assumptions about the growth of the population since the previous decennial
census. The change in population reflected in the new estimates results from adjustments
for net international migration, updated vital statistics, and estimation methodology
improvements. 

In accordance with usual practice, BLS will not revise the official household survey
estimates for December 2018 and earlier months. To show the impact of the population
adjustments, however, differences in selected December 2018 labor force series based on
the old and new population estimates are shown in table B.

The adjustments decreased the estimated size of the civilian noninstitutional population
in December by 800,000, the civilian labor force by 506,000, employment by 488,000,
unemployment by 18,000 and the number of persons not in the labor force was by 294,000.
The total unemployment rate, employment-population ratio, and labor force participation
rate were unaffected.

Data users are cautioned that these annual population adjustments can affect the comparability
of household data series over time. Table C shows the effect of the introduction of new
population estimates on the comparison of selected labor force measures between December 2018
and January 2019. Additional information on the population adjustments and their effect on
national labor force estimates is available at 
https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cps-pop-control-adjustments.pdf.


Table B. Effect of the updated population controls on December 2018 estimates by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Category Total Men Women White Black or
African
Ameri-
can
Asian Hispanic or
Latino
ethnicity

Civilian noninstitutional population

-800 -412 -389 -455 -119 -224 -275

Civilian labor force

-506 -281 -226 -303 -67 -134 -183

Participation rate

0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0

Employed

-488 -270 -217 -292 -62 -131 -176

Employment-population ratio

0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0

Unemployed

-18 -11 -8 -12 -4 -4 -8

Unemployment rate

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Not in labor force

-294 -131 -164 -153 -53 -90 -91

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.

Table C. December 2018-January 2019 changes in selected labor force measures, with adjustments for population control effects
(Numbers in thousands)
Category Dec.-Jan.
change, as
published
2019
population
control effect
Dec.-Jan. change, after
removing the
population control
effect(1)

Civilian noninstitutional population

-649 -800 151

Civilian labor force

-11 -506 495

Participation rate

0.1 0 0.1

Employed

-251 -488 237

Employment-population ratio

0.1 0 0.1

Unemployed

241 -18 259

Unemployment rate

0.1 0 0.1

Not in labor force

-639 -294 -345

(1) This Dec.-Jan. change is calculated by subtracting the population control effect from the over-the-month change in the published seasonally adjusted estimates.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Change from:
Dec.
2018-
Jan.
2019

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

256,780 258,708 258,888 258,239 -

Civilian labor force

161,123 162,821 163,240 163,229 -

Participation rate

62.7 62.9 63.1 63.2 -

Employed

154,482 156,803 156,945 156,694 -

Employment-population ratio

60.2 60.6 60.6 60.7 -

Unemployed

6,641 6,018 6,294 6,535 -

Unemployment rate

4.1 3.7 3.9 4.0 -

Not in labor force

95,657 95,886 95,649 95,010 -

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

4.1 3.7 3.9 4.0 -

Adult men (20 years and over)

3.9 3.3 3.6 3.7 -

Adult women (20 years and over)

3.6 3.4 3.5 3.6 -

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

13.9 12.0 12.5 12.9 -

White

3.5 3.4 3.4 3.5 -

Black or African American

7.7 6.0 6.6 6.8 -

Asian

3.0 2.7 3.3 3.1 -

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

5.0 4.5 4.4 4.9 -

Total, 25 years and over

3.4 3.0 3.1 3.3 -

Less than a high school diploma

5.5 5.6 5.8 5.7 -

High school graduates, no college

4.4 3.5 3.8 3.8 -

Some college or associate degree

3.4 3.1 3.3 3.4 -

Bachelor's degree and higher

2.2 2.2 2.1 2.4 -

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3,243 2,842 2,903 3,082 -

Job leavers

724 697 839 805 -

Reentrants

1,959 1,880 1,958 1,945 -

New entrants

638 577 588 606 -

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,271 2,128 2,126 2,325 -

5 to 14 weeks

1,927 1,842 2,027 2,013 -

15 to 26 weeks

959 865 897 902 -

27 weeks and over

1,428 1,259 1,306 1,252 -

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

4,982 4,781 4,657 5,147 -

Slack work or business conditions

3,006 2,882 2,891 3,451 -

Could only find part-time work

1,648 1,562 1,496 1,419 -

Part time for noneconomic reasons

20,978 20,909 21,234 20,949 -

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force

1,653 1,678 1,556 1,614 -

Discouraged workers

451 453 375 426 -

- December - January changes in household data are not shown due to the introduction of updated population controls.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

171 196 222 304

Total private

186 200 206 296

Goods-producing

56 29 53 72

Mining and logging

7 -3 5 7

Construction

33 5 28 52

Manufacturing

16 27 20 13

Durable goods(1)

17 16 17 20

Motor vehicles and parts

2.0 -1.9 1.8 0.7

Nondurable goods

-1 11 3 -7

Private service-providing

130 171 153 224

Wholesale trade

-2.3 11.3 10.9 4.7

Retail trade

2.4 32.5 -12.0 20.8

Transportation and warehousing

19.8 23.6 -4.9 26.6

Utilities

-1.5 0.3 -0.2 -0.5

Information

-9 -3 -4 -4

Financial activities

2 3 4 13

Professional and business services(1)

37 34 29 30

Temporary help services

-0.8 1.3 7.9 1.0

Education and health services(1)

65 29 67 55

Health care and social assistance

45.9 36.6 55.5 45.4

Leisure and hospitality

13 39 55 74

Other services

4 1 9 4

Government

-15 -4 16 8

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

188 194 232 241

Total private

188 198 230 234

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)

Total nonfarm women employees

49.6 49.7 49.7 49.7

Total private women employees

48.2 48.3 48.3 48.3

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.4 82.4 82.4 82.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.4 34.4 34.5 34.5

Average hourly earnings

$26.71 $27.43 $27.53 $27.56

Average weekly earnings

$918.82 $943.59 $949.79 $950.82

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

108.3 110.1 110.6 110.9

Over-the-month percent change

-0.1 -0.2 0.5 0.3

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

138.2 144.4 145.6 146.1

Over-the-month percent change

0.1 0.1 0.8 0.3

DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)(5)

Total private (258 industries)

58.1 61.6 66.3 61.0

Manufacturing (76 industries)

61.8 65.8 63.2 59.9

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 142,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 689,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at https://www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at https://www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 115,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-65,000 to +165,000 (50,000 +/- 115,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Jan.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Sept.
2018
Oct.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

256,780 258,888 258,239 256,780 258,290 258,514 258,708 258,888 258,239

Civilian labor force

160,037 162,510 162,104 161,123 162,055 162,694 162,821 163,240 163,229

Participation rate

62.3 62.8 62.8 62.7 62.7 62.9 62.9 63.1 63.2

Employed

152,848 156,481 154,964 154,482 156,069 156,582 156,803 156,945 156,694

Employment-population ratio

59.5 60.4 60.0 60.2 60.4 60.6 60.6 60.6 60.7

Unemployed

7,189 6,029 7,140 6,641 5,986 6,112 6,018 6,294 6,535

Unemployment rate

4.5 3.7 4.4 4.1 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.9 4.0

Not in labor force

96,743 96,378 96,135 95,657 96,235 95,821 95,886 95,649 95,010

Persons who currently want a job

5,364 5,121 5,435 5,165 5,266 5,333 5,397 5,327 5,254

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

124,173 125,227 124,890 124,173 124,928 125,041 125,137 125,227 124,890

Civilian labor force

85,125 85,857 85,829 85,911 85,912 86,146 86,330 86,441 86,577

Participation rate

68.6 68.6 68.7 69.2 68.8 68.9 69.0 69.0 69.3

Employed

81,046 82,440 81,798 82,279 82,686 82,894 83,194 83,041 83,031

Employment-population ratio

65.3 65.8 65.5 66.3 66.2 66.3 66.5 66.3 66.5

Unemployed

4,079 3,417 4,031 3,632 3,226 3,252 3,136 3,401 3,545

Unemployment rate

4.8 4.0 4.7 4.2 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.9 4.1

Not in labor force

39,048 39,370 39,060 38,263 39,016 38,895 38,807 38,785 38,313

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

115,669 116,739 116,436 115,669 116,437 116,546 116,646 116,739 116,436

Civilian labor force

82,431 83,101 83,139 82,915 83,104 83,277 83,408 83,500 83,599

Participation rate

71.3 71.2 71.4 71.7 71.4 71.5 71.5 71.5 71.8

Employed

78,761 80,036 79,504 79,719 80,251 80,388 80,633 80,501 80,472

Employment-population ratio

68.1 68.6 68.3 68.9 68.9 69.0 69.1 69.0 69.1

Unemployed

3,670 3,066 3,635 3,196 2,853 2,889 2,775 2,999 3,126

Unemployment rate

4.5 3.7 4.4 3.9 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.6 3.7

Not in labor force

33,238 33,638 33,296 32,755 33,333 33,269 33,238 33,239 32,837

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

132,607 133,662 133,350 132,607 133,362 133,474 133,571 133,662 133,350

Civilian labor force

74,912 76,654 76,275 75,213 76,143 76,548 76,492 76,798 76,652

Participation rate

56.5 57.3 57.2 56.7 57.1 57.4 57.3 57.5 57.5

Employed

71,802 74,041 73,166 72,203 73,383 73,688 73,609 73,904 73,663

Employment-population ratio

54.1 55.4 54.9 54.4 55.0 55.2 55.1 55.3 55.2

Unemployed

3,110 2,612 3,109 3,009 2,760 2,860 2,883 2,894 2,990

Unemployment rate

4.2 3.4 4.1 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9

Not in labor force

57,695 57,008 57,075 57,394 57,219 56,926 57,079 56,864 56,697

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

124,328 125,393 125,099 124,328 125,091 125,200 125,299 125,393 125,099

Civilian labor force

72,095 73,768 73,485 72,238 73,107 73,442 73,478 73,769 73,691

Participation rate

58.0 58.8 58.7 58.1 58.4 58.7 58.6 58.8 58.9

Employed

69,378 71,422 70,731 69,620 70,710 70,935 70,949 71,218 71,049

Employment-population ratio

55.8 57.0 56.5 56.0 56.5 56.7 56.6 56.8 56.8

Unemployed

2,717 2,345 2,754 2,618 2,398 2,507 2,529 2,550 2,642

Unemployment rate

3.8 3.2 3.7 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6

Not in labor force

52,234 51,625 51,615 52,090 51,984 51,757 51,821 51,624 51,408

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,783 16,756 16,704 16,783 16,762 16,768 16,763 16,756 16,704

Civilian labor force

5,511 5,641 5,480 5,970 5,843 5,974 5,935 5,971 5,939

Participation rate

32.8 33.7 32.8 35.6 34.9 35.6 35.4 35.6 35.6

Employed

4,709 5,023 4,729 5,143 5,108 5,258 5,221 5,226 5,172

Employment-population ratio

28.1 30.0 28.3 30.6 30.5 31.4 31.1 31.2 31.0

Unemployed

802 619 751 827 735 715 714 745 767

Unemployment rate

14.6 11.0 13.7 13.9 12.6 12.0 12.0 12.5 12.9

Not in labor force

11,271 11,115 11,224 10,812 10,918 10,795 10,828 10,785 10,765

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Jan.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Sept.
2018
Oct.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

199,738 200,774 200,382 199,738 200,476 200,596 200,690 200,774 200,382

Civilian labor force

124,547 126,072 125,516 125,318 125,617 126,100 126,334 126,680 126,351

Participation rate

62.4 62.8 62.6 62.7 62.7 62.9 63.0 63.1 63.1

Employed

119,640 121,900 120,542 120,899 121,507 121,923 122,036 122,318 121,880

Employment-population ratio

59.9 60.7 60.2 60.5 60.6 60.8 60.8 60.9 60.8

Unemployed

4,907 4,173 4,974 4,419 4,110 4,177 4,299 4,362 4,471

Unemployment rate

3.9 3.3 4.0 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5

Not in labor force

75,191 74,702 74,866 74,420 74,858 74,496 74,355 74,094 74,030

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

65,344 65,822 65,684 65,703 65,661 65,771 65,961 66,110 66,051

Participation rate

71.5 71.6 71.6 71.9 71.5 71.6 71.8 71.9 72.0

Employed

62,743 63,649 63,112 63,502 63,664 63,785 63,960 64,046 63,890

Employment-population ratio

68.6 69.2 68.8 69.5 69.4 69.4 69.6 69.6 69.6

Unemployed

2,601 2,174 2,572 2,201 1,996 1,986 2,000 2,064 2,161

Unemployment rate

4.0 3.3 3.9 3.3 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.3

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

54,873 55,939 55,612 54,910 55,378 55,778 55,819 55,995 55,740

Participation rate

57.2 58.0 57.7 57.2 57.5 57.8 57.9 58.0 57.8

Employed

53,129 54,368 53,733 53,272 53,792 54,062 54,023 54,226 53,959

Employment-population ratio

55.3 56.3 55.8 55.5 55.8 56.1 56.0 56.2 56.0

Unemployed

1,744 1,571 1,879 1,638 1,586 1,716 1,796 1,769 1,781

Unemployment rate

3.2 2.8 3.4 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

4,330 4,311 4,219 4,705 4,578 4,551 4,554 4,575 4,560

Participation rate

35.1 35.1 34.4 38.1 37.2 37.0 37.0 37.2 37.2

Employed

3,768 3,883 3,697 4,125 4,051 4,076 4,052 4,047 4,031

Employment-population ratio

30.5 31.6 30.1 33.4 32.9 33.1 32.9 32.9 32.9

Unemployed

562 428 523 580 527 476 502 528 530

Unemployment rate

13.0 9.9 12.4 12.3 11.5 10.5 11.0 11.6 11.6

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

32,575 32,956 32,868 32,575 32,848 32,887 32,923 32,956 32,868

Civilian labor force

20,109 20,325 20,549 20,250 20,504 20,564 20,451 20,460 20,628

Participation rate

61.7 61.7 62.5 62.2 62.4 62.5 62.1 62.1 62.8

Employed

18,507 19,067 19,033 18,696 19,265 19,290 19,232 19,107 19,220

Employment-population ratio

56.8 57.9 57.9 57.4 58.6 58.7 58.4 58.0 58.5

Unemployed

1,602 1,257 1,516 1,554 1,239 1,274 1,219 1,353 1,408

Unemployment rate

8.0 6.2 7.4 7.7 6.0 6.2 6.0 6.6 6.8

Not in labor force

12,466 12,632 12,318 12,325 12,345 12,323 12,472 12,496 12,240

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,196 9,214 9,320 9,269 9,349 9,400 9,310 9,284 9,367

Participation rate

67.5 66.7 67.6 68.0 67.9 68.2 67.4 67.2 67.9

Employed

8,457 8,645 8,584 8,572 8,800 8,814 8,771 8,709 8,705

Employment-population ratio

62.1 62.5 62.2 62.9 63.9 63.9 63.5 63.0 63.1

Unemployed

739 570 736 697 549 586 539 575 662

Unemployment rate

8.0 6.2 7.9 7.5 5.9 6.2 5.8 6.2 7.1

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,210 10,329 10,433 10,224 10,422 10,327 10,303 10,359 10,419

Participation rate

62.1 62.1 62.8 62.2 62.8 62.2 62.0 62.2 62.8

Employed

9,518 9,779 9,820 9,549 9,874 9,825 9,789 9,749 9,847

Employment-population ratio

57.9 58.8 59.2 58.1 59.5 59.2 58.9 58.6 59.3

Unemployed

692 551 613 674 548 501 515 611 572

Unemployment rate

6.8 5.3 5.9 6.6 5.3 4.9 5.0 5.9 5.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

703 781 797 758 733 837 837 817 842

Participation rate

28.0 31.4 32.2 30.2 29.4 33.6 33.6 32.8 34.0

Employed

532 644 629 575 591 650 672 650 669

Employment-population ratio

21.2 25.9 25.4 22.9 23.7 26.1 27.0 26.1 27.0

Unemployed

171 137 168 183 141 187 165 167 173

Unemployment rate

24.3 17.5 21.0 24.1 19.3 22.4 19.7 20.5 20.6

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

15,731 16,138 16,034 15,731 16,011 16,030 16,096 16,138 16,034

Civilian labor force

9,855 10,250 10,264 9,889 10,303 10,280 10,334 10,262 10,298

Participation rate

62.6 63.5 64.0 62.9 64.3 64.1 64.2 63.6 64.2

Employed

9,548 9,928 9,938 9,587 9,943 9,956 10,050 9,929 9,978

Employment-population ratio

60.7 61.5 62.0 60.9 62.1 62.1 62.4 61.5 62.2

Unemployed

307 322 326 301 360 324 284 334 321

Unemployment rate

3.1 3.1 3.2 3.0 3.5 3.1 2.7 3.3 3.1

Not in labor force

5,876 5,888 5,770 5,842 5,709 5,750 5,762 5,876 5,736

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Jan.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Sept.
2018
Oct.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

42,249 43,234 43,044 42,249 42,959 43,054 43,146 43,234 43,044

Civilian labor force

27,713 28,913 28,828 27,831 28,388 28,513 28,820 28,963 28,985

Participation rate

65.6 66.9 67.0 65.9 66.1 66.2 66.8 67.0 67.3

Employed

26,114 27,659 27,208 26,434 27,102 27,266 27,524 27,701 27,579

Employment-population ratio

61.8 64.0 63.2 62.6 63.1 63.3 63.8 64.1 64.1

Unemployed

1,599 1,255 1,620 1,397 1,287 1,248 1,296 1,261 1,406

Unemployment rate

5.8 4.3 5.6 5.0 4.5 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.9

Not in labor force

14,536 14,321 14,217 14,418 14,571 14,541 14,326 14,271 14,060

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

15,281 15,639 15,657 15,327 15,424 15,448 15,595 15,651 15,699

Participation rate

80.2 80.1 80.6 80.4 79.5 79.5 80.1 80.2 80.8

Employed

14,448 15,042 14,848 14,660 14,832 14,854 15,063 15,107 15,066

Employment-population ratio

75.8 77.1 76.4 76.9 76.5 76.4 77.3 77.4 77.6

Unemployed

833 596 809 667 592 594 533 544 633

Unemployment rate

5.4 3.8 5.2 4.4 3.8 3.8 3.4 3.5 4.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

11,243 11,996 11,945 11,257 11,689 11,767 11,857 12,002 11,968

Participation rate

58.3 60.8 60.8 58.4 59.6 59.9 60.2 60.8 60.9

Employed

10,683 11,511 11,332 10,736 11,188 11,266 11,308 11,487 11,396

Employment-population ratio

55.4 58.3 57.6 55.7 57.0 57.3 57.4 58.2 58.0

Unemployed

560 485 613 521 501 501 550 515 572

Unemployment rate

5.0 4.0 5.1 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.6 4.3 4.8

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,189 1,278 1,226 1,248 1,276 1,298 1,367 1,310 1,318

Participation rate

30.4 32.2 31.0 31.9 32.3 32.8 34.5 33.0 33.3

Employed

982 1,105 1,028 1,038 1,082 1,145 1,154 1,107 1,117

Employment-population ratio

25.1 27.8 26.0 26.6 27.4 28.9 29.1 27.9 28.2

Unemployed

207 173 198 210 193 153 214 202 201

Unemployment rate

17.4 13.6 16.1 16.8 15.2 11.8 15.6 15.4 15.2

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Sept.
2018
Oct.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

10,433 10,265 10,169 10,277 10,204 10,268 10,191 10,283 10,065

Participation rate

45.5 46.0 45.7 44.8 46.1 47.8 46.7 46.1 45.2

Employed

9,695 9,604 9,419 9,716 9,635 9,658 9,619 9,683 9,489

Employment-population ratio

42.2 43.1 42.3 42.3 43.5 44.9 44.0 43.4 42.6

Unemployed

738 661 750 561 569 610 572 600 576

Unemployment rate

7.1 6.4 7.4 5.5 5.6 5.9 5.6 5.8 5.7

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

35,395 36,011 35,968 35,757 36,213 36,103 35,901 36,154 36,301

Participation rate

57.0 57.8 57.9 57.5 57.5 57.6 57.6 58.1 58.5

Employed

33,589 34,631 34,413 34,170 34,856 34,650 34,631 34,776 34,937

Employment-population ratio

54.0 55.6 55.4 55.0 55.3 55.3 55.6 55.9 56.3

Unemployed

1,806 1,380 1,554 1,587 1,357 1,454 1,271 1,377 1,363

Unemployment rate

5.1 3.8 4.3 4.4 3.7 4.0 3.5 3.8 3.8

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

37,792 37,132 37,307 37,882 37,390 37,531 37,471 37,175 37,339

Participation rate

65.8 65.6 65.4 66.0 65.2 65.2 65.3 65.7 65.5

Employed

36,411 35,952 35,939 36,596 36,200 36,392 36,293 35,954 36,071

Employment-population ratio

63.4 63.5 63.0 63.8 63.1 63.2 63.2 63.5 63.2

Unemployed

1,380 1,180 1,368 1,286 1,189 1,139 1,178 1,222 1,268

Unemployment rate

3.7 3.2 3.7 3.4 3.2 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.4

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

55,885 58,701 58,338 55,909 57,294 57,968 58,451 58,701 58,472

Participation rate

73.3 73.6 73.8 73.4 73.6 73.5 73.8 73.6 74.0

Employed

54,649 57,519 56,897 54,705 56,167 56,782 57,150 57,442 57,078

Employment-population ratio

71.7 72.1 72.0 71.8 72.2 72.0 72.1 72.0 72.2

Unemployed

1,235 1,182 1,441 1,204 1,127 1,186 1,301 1,260 1,395

Unemployment rate

2.2 2.0 2.5 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.4

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

19,376 18,995 17,518 17,120 1,858 1,875

Civilian labor force

9,426 9,369 8,353 8,224 1,073 1,145

Participation rate

48.6 49.3 47.7 48.0 57.8 61.1

Employed

9,046 9,025 8,012 7,911 1,034 1,115

Employment-population ratio

46.7 47.5 45.7 46.2 55.7 59.4

Unemployed

380 344 341 313 39 31

Unemployment rate

4.0 3.7 4.1 3.8 3.6 2.7

Not in labor force

9,950 9,626 9,165 8,896 785 730

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,116 4,276 3,446 3,597 670 679

Civilian labor force

3,297 3,480 2,861 3,008 436 472

Participation rate

80.1 81.4 83.0 83.6 65.1 69.6

Employed

3,163 3,333 2,739 2,867 425 466

Employment-population ratio

76.9 78.0 79.5 79.7 63.4 68.7

Unemployed

134 147 122 141 11 6

Unemployment rate

4.1 4.2 4.3 4.7 2.6 1.2

Not in labor force

819 796 585 589 234 207

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,045 3,050 2,537 2,517 508 533

Civilian labor force

2,370 2,350 2,000 1,960 370 390

Participation rate

77.8 77.0 78.8 77.9 72.9 73.2

Employed

2,263 2,290 1,908 1,909 355 381

Employment-population ratio

74.3 75.1 75.2 75.8 69.9 71.5

Unemployed

107 60 92 51 15 9

Unemployment rate

4.5 2.6 4.6 2.6 4.1 2.3

Not in labor force

675 700 537 557 138 143

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

7,821 7,400 7,555 7,146 266 254

Civilian labor force

1,623 1,559 1,570 1,505 52 54

Participation rate

20.7 21.1 20.8 21.1 19.7 21.1

Employed

1,568 1,499 1,516 1,448 52 51

Employment-population ratio

20.1 20.3 20.1 20.3 19.7 19.9

Unemployed

54 60 54 57 0 3

Unemployment rate

3.4 3.9 3.5 3.8 - -

Not in labor force

6,198 5,841 5,985 5,641 214 200

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,394 4,269 3,980 3,860 414 409

Civilian labor force

2,136 1,980 1,922 1,751 215 229

Participation rate

48.6 46.4 48.3 45.4 51.8 56.0

Employed

2,052 1,903 1,849 1,687 202 216

Employment-population ratio

46.7 44.6 46.5 43.7 48.8 52.9

Unemployed

85 77 72 64 12 13

Unemployment rate

4.0 3.9 3.8 3.6 5.8 5.6

Not in labor force

2,258 2,289 2,058 2,109 199 180

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

228,181 230,436 101,942 103,299 126,239 127,137

Civilian labor force

148,592 150,990 75,842 76,773 72,750 74,217

Participation rate

65.1 65.5 74.4 74.3 57.6 58.4

Employed

142,078 144,447 72,218 73,180 69,860 71,268

Employment-population ratio

62.3 62.7 70.8 70.8 55.3 56.1

Unemployed

6,514 6,543 3,624 3,593 2,890 2,950

Unemployment rate

4.4 4.3 4.8 4.7 4.0 4.0

Not in labor force

79,589 79,446 26,100 26,527 53,489 52,920

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

29,404 30,080 227,376 228,160

Civilian labor force

5,987 6,180 154,050 155,924

Participation rate

20.4 20.5 67.8 68.3

Employed

5,460 5,625 147,388 149,339

Employment-population ratio

18.6 18.7 64.8 65.5

Unemployed

527 556 6,662 6,585

Unemployment rate

8.8 9.0 4.3 4.2

Not in labor force

23,417 23,899 73,326 72,236

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,587 2,648 77,314 77,564

Participation rate

35.8 35.2 82.0 82.5

Employed

2,337 2,387 73,686 74,014

Employment-population ratio

32.4 31.7 78.1 78.8

Unemployed

250 260 3,628 3,550

Unemployment rate

9.7 9.8 4.7 4.6

Not in labor force

4,632 4,885 17,000 16,420

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,321 2,381 68,309 69,186

Participation rate

30.4 30.9 70.4 71.4

Employed

2,108 2,156 65,554 66,509

Employment-population ratio

27.6 28.0 67.5 68.6

Unemployed

213 224 2,755 2,677

Unemployment rate

9.2 9.4 4.0 3.9

Not in labor force

5,314 5,333 28,777 27,706

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

1,079 1,151 8,427 9,174

Participation rate

7.4 7.8 23.4 24.6

Employed

1,016 1,081 8,147 8,817

Employment-population ratio

7.0 7.3 22.6 23.6

Unemployed

63 71 279 357

Unemployment rate

5.9 6.1 3.3 3.9

Not in labor force

13,471 13,681 27,550 28,110

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

42,625 42,909 20,580 20,969 22,045 21,940

Civilian labor force

27,754 28,686 15,938 16,455 11,816 12,231

Participation rate

65.1 66.9 77.4 78.5 53.6 55.7

Employed

26,453 27,381 15,257 15,720 11,196 11,661

Employment-population ratio

62.1 63.8 74.1 75.0 50.8 53.1

Unemployed

1,300 1,305 681 734 620 571

Unemployment rate

4.7 4.5 4.3 4.5 5.2 4.7

Not in labor force

14,871 14,223 4,642 4,514 10,229 9,708

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

214,156 215,331 103,593 103,921 110,562 111,410

Civilian labor force

132,283 133,419 69,187 69,375 63,096 64,044

Participation rate

61.8 62.0 66.8 66.8 57.1 57.5

Employed

126,395 127,583 65,789 66,078 60,606 61,505

Employment-population ratio

59.0 59.2 63.5 63.6 54.8 55.2

Unemployed

5,889 5,835 3,398 3,297 2,491 2,538

Unemployment rate

4.5 4.4 4.9 4.8 3.9 4.0

Not in labor force

81,872 81,912 34,406 34,546 47,466 47,366

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Sept.
2018
Oct.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,297 2,393 2,414 2,480 2,478 2,418 2,556 2,522 2,576

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,538 1,659 1,644 1,677 1,661 1,674 1,772 1,747 1,778

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

732 708 746 783 813 722 768 752 787

Unpaid family workers

27 26 24 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

150,551 154,088 152,550 152,030 153,634 154,135 154,297 154,520 154,177

Wage and salary workers(1)

141,666 145,063 143,834 142,968 144,480 145,071 145,313 145,478 145,251

Government

21,109 20,709 20,800 20,867 20,753 21,186 21,054 20,677 20,614

Private industries

120,557 124,354 123,034 122,089 123,773 124,063 124,365 124,787 124,657

Private households

701 879 799 - - - - - -

Other industries

119,855 123,474 122,234 121,402 122,968 123,239 123,512 123,904 123,861

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,838 8,973 8,672 9,014 8,957 8,949 8,889 9,031 8,855

Unpaid family workers

47 52 44 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

5,474 4,740 5,640 4,982 4,656 4,630 4,781 4,657 5,147

Slack work or business conditions

3,363 2,984 3,888 3,006 2,807 2,837 2,882 2,891 3,451

Could only find part-time work

1,666 1,456 1,418 1,648 1,471 1,461 1,562 1,496 1,419

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

20,916 21,726 20,734 20,978 21,404 21,448 20,909 21,234 20,949

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

5,380 4,621 5,543 4,929 4,575 4,549 4,726 4,580 5,079

Slack work or business conditions

3,311 2,909 3,841 2,965 2,767 2,779 2,843 2,816 3,418

Could only find part-time work

1,662 1,435 1,398 1,643 1,462 1,453 1,571 1,473 1,401

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

20,516 21,349 20,340 20,533 21,002 21,083 20,521 20,826 20,548

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Sept.
2018
Oct.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

152,848 156,481 154,964 154,482 156,069 156,582 156,803 156,945 156,694

16 to 19 years

4,709 5,023 4,729 5,143 5,108 5,258 5,221 5,226 5,172

16 to 17 years

1,724 1,695 1,492 1,914 1,765 1,954 1,915 1,784 1,674

18 to 19 years

2,986 3,328 3,237 3,224 3,299 3,305 3,295 3,441 3,459

20 years and over

148,139 151,458 150,235 149,339 150,961 151,324 151,582 151,720 151,522

20 to 24 years

13,794 13,753 13,567 14,149 14,022 13,897 13,942 13,885 13,911

25 years and over

134,345 137,706 136,668 135,189 136,887 137,504 137,615 137,786 137,605

25 to 54 years

99,157 100,845 100,208 99,704 100,333 100,892 100,844 100,833 100,787

25 to 34 years

34,559 35,664 35,392 34,809 35,511 35,693 35,672 35,689 35,665

35 to 44 years

32,231 32,884 32,732 32,381 32,501 32,857 32,796 32,881 32,902

45 to 54 years

32,367 32,298 32,084 32,514 32,320 32,343 32,376 32,263 32,221

55 years and over

35,188 36,860 36,460 35,485 36,554 36,612 36,771 36,954 36,817

Men, 16 years and over

81,046 82,440 81,798 82,279 82,686 82,894 83,194 83,041 83,031

16 to 19 years

2,286 2,404 2,294 2,560 2,435 2,506 2,561 2,540 2,559

16 to 17 years

817 777 708 917 779 895 848 848 805

18 to 19 years

1,469 1,627 1,586 1,636 1,640 1,621 1,711 1,686 1,735

20 years and over

78,761 80,036 79,504 79,719 80,251 80,388 80,633 80,501 80,472

20 to 24 years

7,079 6,934 6,868 7,329 7,162 7,082 7,089 7,044 7,101

25 years and over

71,682 73,102 72,636 72,418 73,021 73,331 73,519 73,435 73,398

25 to 54 years

52,996 53,612 53,358 53,450 53,575 53,789 53,933 53,774 53,808

25 to 34 years

18,630 19,084 18,958 18,794 19,123 19,169 19,201 19,165 19,132

35 to 44 years

17,277 17,645 17,600 17,453 17,512 17,625 17,664 17,701 17,772

45 to 54 years

17,089 16,883 16,799 17,202 16,941 16,995 17,068 16,908 16,904

55 years and over

18,686 19,490 19,278 18,968 19,445 19,542 19,587 19,661 19,591

Women, 16 years and over

71,802 74,041 73,166 72,203 73,383 73,688 73,609 73,904 73,663

16 to 19 years

2,424 2,619 2,435 2,583 2,674 2,753 2,660 2,686 2,613

16 to 17 years

907 918 784 997 986 1,059 1,067 936 869

18 to 19 years

1,517 1,701 1,651 1,588 1,659 1,684 1,584 1,755 1,723

20 years and over

69,378 71,422 70,731 69,620 70,710 70,935 70,949 71,218 71,049

20 to 24 years

6,715 6,819 6,699 6,820 6,860 6,816 6,853 6,841 6,810

25 years and over

62,663 64,604 64,031 62,771 63,866 64,173 64,096 64,352 64,206

25 to 54 years

46,161 47,233 46,850 46,254 46,757 47,103 46,912 47,059 46,979

25 to 34 years

15,929 16,580 16,433 16,014 16,388 16,524 16,471 16,524 16,533

35 to 44 years

14,954 15,238 15,132 14,928 14,989 15,231 15,132 15,180 15,130

45 to 54 years

15,278 15,415 15,285 15,312 15,379 15,348 15,308 15,355 15,317

55 years and over

16,502 17,371 17,181 16,517 17,109 17,070 17,184 17,293 17,227

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

45,442 45,720 45,494 45,741 45,972 46,192 46,204 45,984 45,819

Married women, spouse present(1)

35,624 36,603 36,420 35,724 36,041 36,089 36,220 36,379 36,504

Women who maintain families(2)

9,652 9,667 9,491 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

125,435 129,143 128,166 127,045 128,958 129,255 129,774 129,913 129,837

Part-time workers(4)

27,413 27,338 26,799 27,295 27,120 27,311 27,017 26,994 26,752

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

7,751 8,030 7,749 7,860 7,717 7,873 7,749 7,866 7,850

Percent of total employed

5.1 5.1 5.0 5.1 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.0 5.0

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

5,958 6,085 5,965 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,570 9,682 9,418 9,797 9,770 9,671 9,657 9,783 9,642

Footnotes
(1) Refers to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(4) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Jan.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Sept.
2018
Oct.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

6,641 6,294 6,535 4.1 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.9 4.0

16 to 19 years

827 745 767 13.9 12.6 12.0 12.0 12.5 12.9

16 to 17 years

329 286 282 14.7 13.8 10.6 13.2 13.8 14.4

18 to 19 years

496 476 479 13.3 12.1 12.9 11.5 12.1 12.2

20 years and over

5,814 5,549 5,768 3.7 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.7

20 to 24 years

1,124 1,074 1,143 7.4 6.9 6.8 6.6 7.2 7.6

25 years and over

4,698 4,454 4,640 3.4 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.1 3.3

25 to 54 years

3,598 3,377 3,425 3.5 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.3

25 to 34 years

1,564 1,460 1,464 4.3 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.9

35 to 44 years

1,032 942 984 3.1 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.9

45 to 54 years

1,002 975 978 3.0 2.7 2.8 2.6 2.9 2.9

55 years and over

1,102 1,090 1,207 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.2

Men, 16 years and over

3,632 3,401 3,545 4.2 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.9 4.1

16 to 19 years

436 402 419 14.6 13.3 12.6 12.3 13.7 14.1

16 to 17 years

138 148 149 13.1 14.6 11.1 14.8 14.9 15.6

18 to 19 years

287 269 261 14.9 12.9 13.5 11.1 13.7 13.1

20 years and over

3,196 2,999 3,126 3.9 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.6 3.7

20 to 24 years

645 597 652 8.1 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.8 8.4

25 years and over

2,553 2,375 2,492 3.4 3.0 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.3

25 to 54 years

1,901 1,775 1,818 3.4 3.1 3.2 2.9 3.2 3.3

25 to 34 years

800 730 795 4.1 3.5 3.7 3.3 3.7 4.0

35 to 44 years

549 517 526 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.9

45 to 54 years

552 528 497 3.1 2.7 2.7 2.6 3.0 2.9

55 years and over

652 600 673 3.3 2.9 2.6 2.9 3.0 3.3

Women, 16 years and over

3,009 2,894 2,990 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9

16 to 19 years

391 343 347 13.1 11.9 11.4 11.7 11.3 11.7

16 to 17 years

191 138 133 16.1 13.1 10.1 11.9 12.9 13.3

18 to 19 years

208 207 218 11.6 11.3 12.3 12.0 10.5 11.2

20 years and over

2,618 2,550 2,642 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6

20 to 24 years

479 477 491 6.6 6.3 6.1 5.8 6.5 6.7

25 years and over

2,145 2,080 2,148 3.3 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.2

25 to 54 years

1,697 1,602 1,607 3.5 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.3

25 to 34 years

764 730 669 4.6 3.5 3.6 4.1 4.2 3.9

35 to 44 years

483 425 458 3.1 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.9

45 to 54 years

450 447 480 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.8 3.0

55 years and over

425 501 515 2.5 2.8 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.9

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

1,068 964 992 2.3 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.1

Married women, spouse present(1)

887 866 912 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4

Women who maintain families(2)

666 453 539 6.5 5.1 5.3 5.4 4.5 5.4

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

5,331 4,951 5,415 4.0 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.7 4.0

Part-time workers(4)

1,339 1,353 1,176 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.5 4.8 4.2

Footnotes
(1) Refers to persons in opposite-sex couples only.
(2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(4) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Sept.
2018
Oct.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3,891 2,947 3,791 3,243 2,796 2,858 2,842 2,903 3,082

On temporary layoff

1,333 834 1,432 908 812 793 804 762 937

Not on temporary layoff

2,558 2,113 2,359 2,335 1,984 2,066 2,038 2,141 2,144

Permanent job losers

1,756 1,415 1,536 1,631 1,257 1,365 1,337 1,432 1,427

Persons who completed temporary jobs

802 698 823 703 727 701 701 710 717

Job leavers

715 775 804 724 739 731 697 839 805

Reentrants

2,013 1,810 1,999 1,959 1,889 1,914 1,880 1,958 1,945

New entrants

571 496 547 638 588 605 577 588 606

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

54.1 48.9 53.1 49.4 46.5 46.8 47.4 46.2 47.9

On temporary layoff

18.5 13.8 20.1 13.8 13.5 13.0 13.4 12.1 14.6

Not on temporary layoff

35.6 35.0 33.0 35.6 33.0 33.8 34.0 34.1 33.3

Job leavers

9.9 12.9 11.3 11.0 12.3 12.0 11.6 13.3 12.5

Reentrants

28.0 30.0 28.0 29.8 31.4 31.3 31.4 31.1 30.2

New entrants

7.9 8.2 7.7 9.7 9.8 9.9 9.6 9.3 9.4

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

2.4 1.8 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.9

Job leavers

0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5

Reentrants

1.3 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

New entrants

0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Sept.
2018
Oct.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

2,655 2,050 2,751 2,271 2,065 2,062 2,128 2,126 2,325

5 to 14 weeks

2,064 1,901 2,169 1,927 1,751 1,845 1,842 2,027 2,013

15 weeks and over

2,470 2,078 2,221 2,387 2,240 2,229 2,124 2,203 2,153

15 to 26 weeks

972 859 905 959 861 859 865 897 902

27 weeks and over

1,498 1,219 1,316 1,428 1,379 1,370 1,259 1,306 1,252

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

22.7 21.5 19.2 23.9 24.1 22.4 21.7 21.8 20.5

Median duration, in weeks

8.9 8.9 8.3 9.4 9.3 9.4 9.0 9.1 8.9

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

36.9 34.0 38.5 34.5 34.1 33.6 34.9 33.4 35.8

5 to 14 weeks

28.7 31.5 30.4 29.3 28.9 30.1 30.2 31.9 31.0

15 weeks and over

34.4 34.5 31.1 36.3 37.0 36.3 34.9 34.7 33.2

15 to 26 weeks

13.5 14.2 12.7 14.6 14.2 14.0 14.2 14.1 13.9

27 weeks and over

20.8 20.2 18.4 21.7 22.8 22.3 20.7 20.5 19.3

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019

Total, 16 years and over(1)

152,848 154,964 7,189 7,140 4.5 4.4

Management, professional, and related occupations

62,123 63,818 1,374 1,607 2.2 2.5

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

25,480 26,733 513 676 2.0 2.5

Professional and related occupations

36,643 37,085 861 931 2.3 2.4

Service occupations

25,725 25,770 1,617 1,504 5.9 5.5

Sales and office occupations

33,454 33,159 1,495 1,514 4.3 4.4

Sales and related occupations

15,725 15,438 754 731 4.6 4.5

Office and administrative support occupations

17,729 17,721 741 783 4.0 4.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

14,212 14,277 1,078 1,081 7.1 7.0

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

1,090 1,119 166 257 13.2 18.6

Construction and extraction occupations

8,226 8,453 755 689 8.4 7.5

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

4,897 4,705 157 136 3.1 2.8

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

17,334 17,940 1,050 870 5.7 4.6

Production occupations

8,495 8,417 401 372 4.5 4.2

Transportation and material moving occupations

8,839 9,522 649 498 6.8 5.0

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019

Total, 16 years and over(1)

7,189 7,140 4.5 4.4

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

5,622 5,401 4.5 4.2

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

29 44 4.1 5.3

Construction

707 638 7.3 6.4

Manufacturing

526 533 3.4 3.3

Durable goods

318 334 3.3 3.3

Nondurable goods

207 199 3.7 3.4

Wholesale and retail trade

1,081 942 5.3 4.8

Transportation and utilities

232 253 3.5 3.6

Information

146 120 5.3 4.7

Financial activities

216 242 2.2 2.4

Professional and business services

849 847 5.0 4.9

Education and health services

641 648 2.7 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

903 875 6.8 6.4

Other services

293 259 4.4 3.9

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

168 257 10.0 14.1

Government workers

474 567 2.2 2.6

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

354 369 3.5 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Sept.
2018
Oct.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

1.5 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

2.4 1.8 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.9

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

4.5 3.7 4.4 4.1 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.9 4.0

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

4.8 3.9 4.7 4.4 3.9 4.1 4.0 4.1 4.3

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

5.5 4.6 5.3 5.1 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

8.9 7.5 8.8 8.2 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.6 8.1

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2018
Jan.
2019

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

96,743 96,135 39,048 39,060 57,695 57,075

Persons who currently want a job

5,364 5,435 2,427 2,610 2,937 2,825

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

1,653 1,614 917 802 736 813

Discouraged workers(2)

451 426 282 240 169 186

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,202 1,188 635 561 567 627

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

7,751 7,749 3,931 3,846 3,820 3,904

Percent of total employed

5.1 5.0 4.9 4.7 5.3 5.3

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

4,207 4,452 2,330 2,399 1,877 2,053

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

2,042 1,879 762 636 1,280 1,243

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

339 249 207 183 132 66

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,109 1,133 600 619 509 514

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)
Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)
Change from:
Dec.2018 - Jan.2019(p)

Total nonfarm

145,428 151,375 151,182 148,201 147,767 150,048 150,270 150,574 304

Total private

123,203 128,415 128,332 125,851 125,393 127,566 127,772 128,068 296

Goods-producing

19,883 20,991 20,879 20,542 20,386 20,921 20,974 21,046 72

Mining and logging

686 751 752 746 699 748 753 760 7

Logging

49.2 47.4 47.6 46.4 50.6 46.5 47.4 47.5 0.1

Mining

637.2 703.4 704.7 700.0 648.8 701.0 705.4 712.3 6.9

Oil and gas extraction

140.0 148.6 148.3 148.7 141.2 147.9 148.3 149.9 1.6

Mining, except oil and gas

181.4 194.7 193.0 189.2 188.3 194.1 195.1 195.8 0.7

Coal mining

50.8 52.3 53.0 52.7 50.9 52.3 52.8 52.7 -0.1

Metal ore mining

40.5 40.7 40.9 40.8 40.7 41.0 41.0 41.1 0.1

Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying

90.1 101.7 99.1 95.7 96.7 100.8 101.3 102.1 0.8

Support activities for mining

315.8 360.1 363.4 362.1 319.3 359.0 362.0 366.6 4.6

Construction

6,729 7,457 7,314 7,069 7,126 7,384 7,412 7,464 52

Construction of buildings

1,526.4 1,658.3 1,644.5 1,605.3 1,581.4 1,648.1 1,652.7 1,660.7 8.0

Residential building

749.6 827.1 825.4 806.8 778.9 822.0 826.0 834.8 8.8

Nonresidential building

776.8 831.2 819.1 798.5 802.5 826.1 826.7 825.9 -0.8

Heavy and civil engineering construction

897.8 1,089.3 1,033.5 972.7 1,017.1 1,071.7 1,080.6 1,090.8 10.2

Specialty trade contractors

4,305.2 4,709.1 4,635.6 4,491.4 4,527.9 4,663.8 4,678.4 4,712.7 34.3

Residential specialty trade contractors

1,891.6 2,067.1 2,025.4 1,967.6 1,989.4 2,050.3 2,049.1 2,064.2 15.1

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,413.6 2,642.0 2,610.2 2,523.8 2,538.5 2,613.5 2,629.3 2,648.5 19.2

Manufacturing

12,468 12,783 12,813 12,727 12,561 12,789 12,809 12,822 13

Durable goods

7,798 8,018 8,045 8,019 7,838 8,022 8,039 8,059 20

Wood products

396.3 409.4 406.1 403.9 400.9 408.9 406.3 409.4 3.1

Nonmetallic mineral products

398.3 419.0 415.5 407.1 412.7 418.0 419.2 421.3 2.1

Primary metals

375.2 380.2 384.3 383.3 375.1 381.1 382.3 383.2 0.9

Fabricated metal products

1,439.4 1,475.3 1,482.3 1,478.2 1,445.3 1,476.2 1,481.5 1,484.5 3.0

Machinery

1,097.2 1,132.0 1,137.7 1,138.0 1,098.9 1,134.6 1,137.5 1,140.2 2.7

Computer and electronic products

1,043.4 1,061.4 1,068.4 1,066.4 1,047.0 1,063.4 1,067.2 1,069.9 2.7

Computer and peripheral equipment

155.1 157.7 157.9 159.6 155.9 157.9 157.9 159.9 2.0

Communications equipment

86.0 85.8 86.6 84.4 86.2 85.8 86.4 84.7 -1.7

Semiconductors and electronic components

364.4 370.3 372.4 373.9 366.2 371.3 372.2 375.7 3.5

Electronic instruments

404.2 413.6 416.9 416.0 404.8 414.8 416.5 416.8 0.3

Miscellaneous computer and electronic products

33.7 34.0 34.6 32.5 33.9 33.7 34.2 32.7 -1.5

Electrical equipment and appliances

390.4 404.2 406.4 405.3 391.6 404.6 406.0 406.7 0.7

Transportation equipment(1)

1,669.5 1,728.6 1,735.6 1,734.2 1,671.4 1,728.7 1,732.0 1,735.6 3.6

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

983.3 1,004.0 1,008.7 1,005.1 984.0 1,003.9 1,005.7 1,006.4 0.7

Furniture and related products

391.4 394.1 394.6 393.0 393.8 395.1 394.6 395.1 0.5

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

596.9 613.9 614.1 609.2 600.9 611.5 612.8 613.2 0.4

Nondurable goods

4,670 4,765 4,768 4,708 4,723 4,767 4,770 4,763 -7

Food manufacturing

1,586.2 1,628.8 1,628.4 1,602.4 1,610.6 1,630.1 1,630.2 1,628.2 -2.0

Textile mills

112.2 112.9 113.0 111.6 112.5 112.6 112.6 111.9 -0.7

Textile product mills

115.7 116.0 116.3 114.0 116.3 115.7 116.1 114.6 -1.5

Apparel

114.1 109.7 108.7 108.9 115.3 109.1 108.4 109.8 1.4

Paper and paper products

362.4 368.4 370.6 367.4 363.7 369.2 370.6 368.9 -1.7

Printing and related support activities

431.5 429.4 427.5 421.0 434.2 427.4 425.1 423.8 -1.3

Petroleum and coal products

110.3 114.6 114.6 112.3 114.3 115.1 116.6 116.5 -0.1

Chemicals

829.3 847.2 850.2 844.0 832.0 849.5 847.9 847.6 -0.3

Plastics and rubber products

722.7 735.9 738.4 730.6 727.8 736.2 737.7 735.5 -2.2

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

286.0 301.8 300.5 296.0 296.4 302.1 304.7 306.0 1.3

Private service-providing

103,320 107,424 107,453 105,309 105,007 106,645 106,798 107,022 224

Trade, transportation, and utilities

27,339 28,387 28,506 27,657 27,502 27,783 27,776 27,828 52

Wholesale trade

5,778.6 5,903.1 5,913.9 5,860.0 5,824.1 5,888.8 5,899.7 5,904.4 4.7

Durable goods

3,109.1 3,181.6 3,194.9 3,177.2 3,127.3 3,180.6 3,189.0 3,195.4 6.4

Nondurable goods

2,124.9 2,168.5 2,166.5 2,134.7 2,149.4 2,157.2 2,160.3 2,158.1 -2.2

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

544.6 553.0 552.5 548.1 547.4 551.0 550.4 550.9 0.5

Retail trade

15,718.6 16,291.3 16,300.9 15,743.0 15,809.4 15,826.9 15,814.9 15,835.7 20.8

Motor vehicle and parts dealers

1,990.9 2,028.1 2,025.8 2,012.8 2,011.7 2,027.7 2,033.5 2,034.1 0.6

Automobile dealers

1,288.8 1,302.4 1,303.5 1,296.8 1,295.7 1,300.7 1,304.8 1,303.9 -0.9

Other motor vehicle dealers

147.9 154.2 152.3 149.8 158.5 159.0 159.9 160.5 0.6

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores

554.2 571.5 570.0 566.2 557.6 568.0 568.8 569.6 0.8

Furniture and home furnishings stores

484.8 500.2 507.1 494.8 478.8 483.4 484.9 487.5 2.6

Electronics and appliance stores

503.7 484.7 482.7 479.3 491.9 468.8 468.8 470.3 1.5

Building material and garden supply stores

1,238.8 1,270.5 1,264.4 1,236.4 1,302.4 1,300.0 1,300.3 1,300.6 0.3

Food and beverage stores

3,066.2 3,122.9 3,137.5 3,094.9 3,082.9 3,099.4 3,106.1 3,109.0 2.9

Health and personal care stores

1,069.9 1,082.9 1,090.1 1,066.6 1,065.0 1,064.8 1,064.2 1,061.5 -2.7

Gasoline stations

918.0 942.6 939.2 935.6 931.2 939.4 942.6 948.0 5.4

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,365.7 1,479.4 1,479.9 1,354.7 1,359.0 1,351.7 1,349.8 1,350.5 0.7

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

599.9 591.5 596.2 567.1 597.7 547.0 543.2 560.6 17.4

General merchandise stores

3,112.6 3,333.6 3,316.2 3,101.3 3,094.7 3,128.3 3,100.4 3,088.3 -12.1

Department stores

1,175.6 1,270.7 1,278.1 1,159.1 1,154.0 1,157.5 1,141.6 1,138.8 -2.8

General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters

1,937.0 2,062.9 2,038.1 1,942.2 1,940.7 1,970.8 1,958.7 1,949.5 -9.2

Miscellaneous store retailers

804.7 854.6 858.9 825.6 828.4 839.7 844.7 847.9 3.2

Nonstore retailers

563.4 600.3 602.9 573.9 565.7 576.7 576.4 577.4 1.0

Transportation and warehousing

5,289.6 5,638.3 5,735.7 5,502.6 5,314.7 5,512.1 5,507.2 5,533.8 26.6

Air transportation

492.5 502.5 504.8 505.5 496.8 504.6 506.9 509.3 2.4

Rail transportation

210.3 217.0 217.0 215.2 212.4 216.5 217.2 217.3 0.1

Water transportation

62.9 64.0 63.7 63.1 65.0 64.8 64.8 65.1 0.3

Truck transportation

1,444.2 1,518.1 1,511.3 1,486.9 1,472.0 1,508.3 1,511.3 1,514.9 3.6

Transit and ground passenger transportation

496.5 504.0 503.5 496.1 485.9 487.6 487.9 486.3 -1.6

Pipeline transportation

47.8 47.8 47.8 47.7 48.0 48.0 47.8 47.8 0.0

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

24.7 30.3 29.3 24.8 35.0 34.9 35.0 35.0 0.0

Support activities for transportation

696.4 725.1 727.1 716.2 702.4 722.5 722.0 721.9 -0.1

Couriers and messengers

723.3 822.1 925.3 765.3 699.7 750.7 741.9 748.7 6.8

Warehousing and storage

1,091.0 1,207.4 1,205.9 1,181.8 1,097.5 1,174.2 1,172.4 1,187.5 15.1

Utilities

552.0 554.2 555.5 551.7 554.1 554.8 554.6 554.1 -0.5

Information

2,772 2,854 2,834 2,779 2,812 2,829 2,825 2,821 -4

Publishing industries, except Internet

727.8 737.2 735.7 729.2 730.5 734.2 732.5 732.1 -0.4

Motion picture and sound recording industries

400.3 449.1 436.1 403.1 429.8 433.2 436.9 434.6 -2.3

Broadcasting, except Internet

267.6 274.1 271.8 266.6 268.9 271.9 269.7 267.8 -1.9

Telecommunications

758.7 743.3 738.8 729.6 760.8 740.1 734.3 732.3 -2.0

Data processing, hosting and related services

322.5 331.1 330.0 332.0 324.9 331.6 331.0 334.1 3.1

Other information services

295.3 318.7 322.0 318.7 296.9 318.3 320.1 320.5 0.4

Financial activities

8,448 8,609 8,623 8,574 8,502 8,614 8,618 8,631 13

Finance and insurance

6,266.4 6,336.9 6,339.1 6,317.0 6,279.5 6,332.8 6,329.8 6,332.7 2.9

Monetary authorities - central bank

19.2 19.6 19.6 19.6 19.3 19.6 19.6 19.7 0.1

Credit intermediation and related
activities

2,638.5 2,641.8 2,642.0 2,634.8 2,642.2 2,643.2 2,639.9 2,639.9 0.0

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,710.8 1,710.4 1,712.2 1,713.2 1,712.3 1,714.2 1,714.2 1,715.0 0.8

Commercial banking

1,319.7 1,313.1 1,313.5 1,313.9 1,320.6 1,316.3 1,315.3 1,315.2 -0.1

Nondepository credit intermediation

617.3 621.7 620.5 613.0 618.6 619.6 617.3 615.5 -1.8

Activities related to credit intermediation

310.4 309.7 309.3 308.6 311.3 309.4 308.4 309.5 1.1

Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts

941.3 968.1 969.5 963.4 946.2 967.4 968.2 969.0 0.8

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,667.4 2,707.4 2,708.0 2,699.2 2,671.8 2,702.6 2,702.1 2,704.1 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,181.2 2,272.5 2,283.4 2,256.8 2,222.9 2,280.7 2,288.2 2,297.9 9.7

Real estate

1,614.9 1,675.6 1,688.2 1,669.6 1,636.3 1,677.5 1,684.4 1,690.1 5.7

Rental and leasing services

544.5 573.5 571.7 564.6 564.2 580.0 580.5 584.6 4.1

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

21.8 23.4 23.5 22.6 22.4 23.2 23.3 23.2 -0.1

Professional and business services

20,328 21,444 21,341 20,866 20,730 21,217 21,246 21,276 30

Professional and technical services

9,149.1 9,442.7 9,467.8 9,433.7 9,164.2 9,417.6 9,436.0 9,451.4 15.4

Legal services

1,131.2 1,143.1 1,147.1 1,132.2 1,138.8 1,140.9 1,140.1 1,140.1 0.0

Accounting and bookkeeping services

1,051.6 1,009.0 1,029.7 1,087.5 992.1 1,028.5 1,030.6 1,028.4 -2.2

Architectural and engineering services

1,436.3 1,496.0 1,495.8 1,471.9 1,456.8 1,493.3 1,494.4 1,493.4 -1.0

Specialized design services

139.3 148.1 148.7 146.3 141.5 146.1 146.4 148.2 1.8

Computer systems design and related services

2,079.5 2,171.5 2,164.4 2,166.4 2,082.9 2,158.0 2,164.0 2,171.0 7.0

Management and technical consulting services

1,444.6 1,519.4 1,519.3 1,488.7 1,463.7 1,503.7 1,505.5 1,508.3 2.8

Scientific research and development services

672.1 706.6 710.8 706.8 676.3 706.6 710.2 711.4 1.2

Advertising and related services

479.1 492.7 493.8 486.8 485.5 491.5 492.5 493.2 0.7

Other professional and technical services

715.4 756.3 758.2 747.1 726.6 749.1 752.4 757.3 4.9

Management of companies and enterprises

2,330.2 2,392.4 2,397.9 2,388.7 2,338.2 2,391.9 2,394.7 2,397.6 2.9

Administrative and waste services

8,848.7 9,609.1 9,475.0 9,043.8 9,227.6 9,407.7 9,415.7 9,427.3 11.6

Administrative and support services

8,429.4 9,164.9 9,030.0 8,601.9 8,801.5 8,962.4 8,968.7 8,978.9 10.2

Office administrative services

509.5 521.1 519.3 520.1 511.8 519.2 519.1 522.4 3.3

Facilities support services

150.6 154.7 155.0 155.0 151.9 154.6 155.2 156.2 1.0

Employment services(1)

3,471.0 3,878.8 3,854.7 3,562.8 3,637.4 3,715.1 3,726.6 3,729.3 2.7

Temporary help services

2,830.4 3,199.7 3,173.0 2,909.1 2,975.7 3,046.3 3,054.2 3,055.2 1.0

Business support services

904.2 923.5 920.6 906.5 901.7 900.3 897.7 902.9 5.2

Travel arrangement and reservation services

213.5 216.1 214.1 213.3 218.4 218.1 216.9 218.5 1.6

Investigation and security services

926.9 956.2 954.8 931.3 936.8 947.9 948.1 943.3 -4.8

Services to buildings and dwellings

1,939.0 2,188.0 2,086.0 1,986.3 2,123.1 2,177.5 2,174.0 2,173.9 -0.1

Other support services

314.7 326.5 325.5 326.6 320.5 329.8 331.1 332.3 1.2

Waste management and remediation services

419.3 444.2 445.0 441.9 426.1 445.3 447.0 448.4 1.4

Education and health services

23,262 24,089 24,091 23,784 23,445 23,845 23,912 23,967 55

Educational services

3,588.3 3,921.6 3,851.2 3,628.5 3,713.9 3,731.6 3,743.6 3,752.4 8.8

Health care and social assistance

19,674.1 20,167.8 20,239.7 20,155.3 19,730.8 20,113.2 20,168.7 20,214.1 45.4

Health care(3)

15,805.6 16,177.2 16,247.2 16,175.4 15,857.9 16,135.2 16,184.1 16,225.7 41.6

Ambulatory health care services

7,367.8 7,603.1 7,648.8 7,604.6 7,400.0 7,577.3 7,613.8 7,635.9 22.1

Offices of physicians

2,587.6 2,650.4 2,663.8 2,639.2 2,596.2 2,640.3 2,646.4 2,648.4 2.0

Offices of dentists

942.9 966.4 975.3 973.0 945.3 964.3 971.0 974.6 3.6

Offices of other health practitioners

907.7 951.9 957.3 951.2 912.7 947.0 953.8 956.1 2.3

Outpatient care centers

917.6 950.9 956.9 953.6 919.5 949.1 953.5 955.7 2.2

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

271.6 280.7 284.2 287.5 272.5 281.0 282.9 288.2 5.3

Home health care services

1,435.3 1,497.1 1,507.1 1,496.4 1,444.6 1,490.4 1,500.8 1,505.2 4.4

Other ambulatory health care services

305.1 305.7 304.2 303.7 309.0 305.2 305.4 307.7 2.3

Hospitals

5,093.2 5,198.6 5,207.4 5,206.3 5,102.1 5,188.9 5,195.4 5,214.2 18.8

Nursing and residential care facilities

3,344.6 3,375.5 3,391.0 3,364.5 3,355.8 3,369.0 3,374.9 3,375.6 0.7

Nursing care facilities

1,611.5 1,611.5 1,617.8 1,601.0 1,614.4 1,607.0 1,609.4 1,604.3 -5.1

Residential mental health facilities

638.6 644.6 648.8 643.8 640.6 644.8 646.9 646.2 -0.7

Community care facilities for the elderly

930.7 951.9 955.4 950.3 935.2 949.8 949.5 954.3 4.8

Other residential care facilities

163.8 167.5 169.0 169.4 165.6 167.4 169.1 170.8 1.7

Social assistance

3,868.5 3,990.6 3,992.5 3,979.9 3,872.9 3,978.0 3,984.6 3,988.4 3.8

Individual and family services

2,407.0 2,500.3 2,503.9 2,499.8 2,413.0 2,500.0 2,505.4 2,508.7 3.3

Emergency and other relief services

171.8 178.4 179.4 174.7 170.8 178.3 177.2 174.5 -2.7

Vocational rehabilitation services

326.9 330.3 329.9 327.9 331.6 330.4 330.8 332.5 1.7

Child day care services

962.8 981.6 979.3 977.5 957.4 969.2 971.1 972.7 1.6

Leisure and hospitality

15,437 16,182 16,201 15,845 16,208 16,489 16,544 16,618 74

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2,096.2 2,261.2 2,260.6 2,190.9 2,368.8 2,433.3 2,439.5 2,471.3 31.8

Performing arts and spectator sports

435.4 500.5 492.9 446.8 497.7 516.0 513.8 513.5 -0.3

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

153.3 168.7 166.2 158.2 168.6 174.1 174.2 174.0 -0.2

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,507.5 1,592.0 1,601.5 1,585.9 1,702.5 1,743.2 1,751.5 1,783.8 32.3

Accommodation and food services

13,340.7 13,920.6 13,940.5 13,653.8 13,839.2 14,055.6 14,104.0 14,147.0 43.0

Accommodation

1,911.4 1,969.2 1,966.1 1,937.2 2,014.4 2,029.5 2,034.2 2,040.6 6.4

Food services and drinking places

11,429.3 11,951.4 11,974.4 11,716.6 11,824.8 12,026.1 12,069.8 12,106.4 36.6

Other services

5,734 5,859 5,857 5,804 5,808 5,868 5,877 5,881 4

Repair and maintenance

1,306.7 1,330.6 1,331.4 1,320.6 1,321.1 1,335.1 1,336.8 1,336.0 -0.8

Personal and laundry services

1,473.5 1,525.5 1,524.9 1,497.1 1,494.8 1,521.1 1,523.4 1,521.1 -2.3

Membership associations and organizations

2,954.2 3,003.2 3,001.1 2,986.3 2,991.8 3,011.5 3,016.4 3,024.3 7.9

Government

22,225 22,960 22,850 22,350 22,374 22,482 22,498 22,506 8

Federal

2,786.0 2,807.0 2,815.0 2,789.0 2,795.0 2,804.0 2,799.0 2,800.0 1.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,173.4 2,191.2 2,186.7 2,182.8 2,183.5 2,193.0 2,192.0 2,193.5 1.5

U.S. Postal Service

612.7 615.9 628.2 606.0 611.5 611.0 607.3 606.9 -0.4

State government

5,054.0 5,361.0 5,301.0 5,088.0 5,147.0 5,180.0 5,188.0 5,186.0 -2.0

State government education

2,394.9 2,671.7 2,616.5 2,404.3 2,475.6 2,483.8 2,493.8 2,489.3 -4.5

State government, excluding education

2,659.0 2,689.7 2,684.0 2,684.0 2,670.9 2,695.9 2,694.6 2,696.4 1.8

Local government

14,385.0 14,792.0 14,734.0 14,473.0 14,432.0 14,498.0 14,511.0 14,520.0 9.0

Local government education

8,021.9 8,303.7 8,284.8 8,064.5 7,934.2 7,970.4 7,976.9 7,978.1 1.2

Local government, excluding education

6,363.4 6,488.1 6,449.3 6,408.9 6,497.7 6,527.7 6,534.5 6,541.5 7.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.4 34.4 34.5 34.5

Goods-producing

40.3 40.2 40.6 40.7

Mining and logging

45.2 45.9 46.3 46.1

Construction

39.1 38.7 39.4 39.9

Manufacturing

40.8 40.8 40.9 40.8

Durable goods

41.2 41.1 41.2 41.1

Nondurable goods

40.1 40.2 40.3 40.1

Private service-providing

33.2 33.3 33.3 33.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.5 34.5 34.3 34.2

Wholesale trade

39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0

Retail trade

31.1 30.9 30.6 30.5

Transportation and warehousing

38.8 39.1 39.0 38.7

Utilities

41.9 42.4 42.4 42.5

Information

35.8 36.1 36.2 35.9

Financial activities

37.6 37.6 37.6 37.7

Professional and business services

35.9 36.1 36.1 36.2

Education and health services

32.9 32.9 33.0 33.0

Leisure and hospitality

26.0 25.9 26.0 26.1

Other services

31.7 31.9 31.9 31.9

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.5 3.5 3.6 3.5

Durable goods

3.5 3.5 3.6 3.5

Nondurable goods

3.5 3.5 3.6 3.5

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)
Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)

Total private

$26.71 $27.43 $27.53 $27.56 $918.82 $943.59 $949.79 $950.82

Goods-producing

27.90 28.49 28.60 28.47 1,124.37 1,145.30 1,161.16 1,158.73

Mining and logging

32.29 32.84 32.73 32.67 1,459.51 1,507.36 1,515.40 1,506.09

Construction

29.36 30.26 30.39 30.19 1,147.98 1,171.06 1,197.37 1,204.58

Manufacturing

26.84 27.24 27.33 27.21 1,095.07 1,111.39 1,117.80 1,110.17

Durable goods

28.15 28.71 28.81 28.66 1,159.78 1,179.98 1,186.97 1,177.93

Nondurable goods

24.60 24.71 24.78 24.69 986.46 993.34 998.63 990.07

Private service-providing

26.43 27.18 27.27 27.35 877.48 905.09 908.09 910.76

Trade, transportation, and utilities

22.98 23.63 23.80 23.85 792.81 815.24 816.34 815.67

Wholesale trade

30.07 30.82 30.92 30.93 1,172.73 1,201.98 1,205.88 1,206.27

Retail trade

18.42 19.07 19.24 19.32 572.86 589.26 588.74 589.26

Transportation and warehousing

24.17 24.40 24.51 24.54 937.80 954.04 955.89 949.70

Utilities

39.53 41.13 41.50 41.31 1,656.31 1,743.91 1,759.60 1,755.68

Information

39.06 41.02 41.36 41.92 1,398.35 1,480.82 1,497.23 1,504.93

Financial activities

34.23 35.31 35.41 35.51 1,287.05 1,327.66 1,331.42 1,338.73

Professional and business services

32.10 32.93 32.97 33.01 1,152.39 1,188.77 1,190.22 1,194.96

Education and health services

26.69 27.27 27.32 27.43 878.10 897.18 901.56 905.19

Leisure and hospitality

15.74 16.21 16.27 16.30 409.24 419.84 423.02 425.43

Other services

24.25 24.80 24.89 24.97 768.73 791.12 793.99 796.54

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)
Percent change from:
Dec.
2018 - Jan.
2019(p)
Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)
Percent change from:
Dec.
2018 - Jan.
2019(p)

Total private

108.3 110.1 110.6 110.9 0.3 138.2 144.4 145.6 146.1 0.3

Goods-producing

93.6 95.8 97.0 97.6 0.6 118.0 123.4 125.4 125.6 0.2

Mining and logging

99.3 107.9 109.6 110.1 0.5 128.7 142.2 144.0 144.4 0.3

Construction

96.0 98.5 100.7 102.7 2.0 122.5 129.5 132.9 134.7 1.4

Manufacturing

92.2 93.9 94.2 94.1 -0.1 115.1 118.9 119.8 119.1 -0.6

Durable goods

90.9 92.8 93.2 93.3 0.1 113.7 118.4 119.3 118.7 -0.5

Nondurable goods

94.5 95.7 95.9 95.3 -0.6 118.0 119.9 120.6 119.4 -1.0

Private service-providing

112.2 114.3 114.4 114.7 0.3 144.1 150.9 151.6 152.4 0.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

103.5 104.5 103.9 103.8 -0.1 128.1 133.1 133.3 133.4 0.1

Wholesale trade

100.2 101.3 101.5 101.6 0.1 126.0 130.6 131.3 131.4 0.1

Retail trade

99.8 99.3 98.3 98.1 -0.2 121.5 125.2 125.0 125.2 0.2

Transportation and warehousing

117.9 123.2 122.8 122.4 -0.3 144.5 152.5 152.6 152.4 -0.1

Utilities

100.4 101.8 101.7 101.9 0.2 131.2 138.3 139.5 139.1 -0.3

Information

91.9 93.3 93.4 92.5 -1.0 127.9 136.2 137.5 138.1 0.4

Financial activities

104.7 106.1 106.1 106.6 0.5 139.8 146.1 146.6 147.6 0.7

Professional and business services

116.7 120.1 120.3 120.8 0.4 151.7 160.1 160.5 161.4 0.6

Education and health services

125.9 128.1 128.8 129.1 0.2 161.7 168.1 169.3 170.4 0.6

Leisure and hospitality

120.2 121.9 122.7 123.8 0.9 152.7 159.4 161.1 162.7 1.0

Other services

106.2 107.9 108.1 108.2 0.1 141.1 146.7 147.5 148.0 0.3

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)
Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)

Total nonfarm

73,234 74,605 74,721 74,871 49.6 49.7 49.7 49.7

Total private

60,378 61,640 61,742 61,887 48.2 48.3 48.3 48.3

Goods-producing

4,478 4,651 4,653 4,672 22.0 22.2 22.2 22.2

Mining and logging

90 95 95 96 12.9 12.7 12.6 12.6

Construction

910 958 957 961 12.8 13.0 12.9 12.9

Manufacturing

3,478 3,598 3,601 3,615 27.7 28.1 28.1 28.2

Durable goods

1,835 1,908 1,911 1,915 23.4 23.8 23.8 23.8

Nondurable goods

1,643 1,690 1,690 1,700 34.8 35.5 35.4 35.7

Private service-providing

55,900 56,989 57,089 57,215 53.2 53.4 53.5 53.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

11,015 11,154 11,132 11,163 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.1

Wholesale trade

1,724.1 1,764.3 1,770.0 1,773.3 29.6 30.0 30.0 30.0

Retail trade

7,855.1 7,882.9 7,855.8 7,878.2 49.7 49.8 49.7 49.7

Transportation and warehousing

1,309.1 1,376.0 1,375.4 1,381.4 24.6 25.0 25.0 25.0

Utilities

126.5 130.4 130.6 130.3 22.8 23.5 23.5 23.5

Information

1,110 1,115 1,112 1,111 39.5 39.4 39.4 39.4

Financial activities

4,809 4,868 4,867 4,870 56.6 56.5 56.5 56.4

Professional and business services

9,347 9,623 9,646 9,637 45.1 45.4 45.4 45.3

Education and health services

18,052 18,411 18,466 18,507 77.0 77.2 77.2 77.2

Leisure and hospitality

8,491 8,689 8,727 8,780 52.4 52.7 52.8 52.8

Other services

3,076 3,129 3,139 3,147 53.0 53.3 53.4 53.5

Government

12,856 12,965 12,979 12,984 57.5 57.7 57.7 57.7

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)

Total private

103,304 105,051 105,261 105,481

Goods-producing

14,670 15,015 15,076 15,127

Mining and logging

518 558 560 567

Construction

5,330 5,491 5,533 5,576

Manufacturing

8,822 8,966 8,983 8,984

Durable goods

5,384 5,523 5,540 5,550

Nondurable goods

3,438 3,443 3,443 3,434

Private service-providing

88,634 90,036 90,185 90,354

Trade, transportation, and utilities

23,240 23,495 23,495 23,544

Wholesale trade

4,672.6 4,729.5 4,743.2 4,749.1

Retail trade

13,492.5 13,508.0 13,501.1 13,527.0

Transportation and warehousing

4,628.7 4,813.1 4,806.7 4,824.6

Utilities

445.7 444.3 443.7 443.5

Information

2,263 2,284 2,283 2,274

Financial activities

6,597 6,668 6,676 6,686

Professional and business services

16,870 17,306 17,337 17,353

Education and health services

20,595 20,931 20,987 21,040

Leisure and hospitality

14,264 14,489 14,536 14,581

Other services

4,805 4,863 4,871 4,876

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.6 33.7 33.7 33.7

Goods-producing

41.3 41.2 41.5 41.7

Mining and logging

46.1 46.1 46.5 46.2

Construction

39.7 39.3 40.0 40.6

Manufacturing

41.9 42.0 42.1 42.0

Durable goods

42.2 42.3 42.5 42.4

Nondurable goods

41.4 41.4 41.3 41.4

Private service-providing

32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

33.9 33.9 33.7 33.7

Wholesale trade

38.9 38.9 38.8 38.9

Retail trade

30.4 30.2 30.0 29.9

Transportation and warehousing

38.3 38.4 38.3 38.2

Utilities

42.9 42.8 42.6 42.7

Information

35.5 35.5 35.5 35.3

Financial activities

37.0 36.9 36.9 36.8

Professional and business services

35.1 35.3 35.4 35.4

Education and health services

32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2

Leisure and hospitality

24.8 24.8 24.8 24.8

Other services

30.6 30.9 30.8 30.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5

Durable goods

4.6 4.7 4.6 4.6

Nondurable goods

4.4 4.3 4.4 4.4

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)
Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)

Total private

$22.36 $22.99 $23.09 $23.12 $751.30 $774.76 $778.13 $779.14

Goods-producing

23.61 24.29 24.38 24.36 975.09 1,000.75 1,011.77 1,015.81

Mining and logging

27.93 28.86 28.72 29.03 1,287.57 1,330.45 1,335.48 1,341.19

Construction

27.18 28.14 28.18 28.07 1,079.05 1,105.90 1,127.20 1,139.64

Manufacturing

21.29 21.78 21.85 21.81 892.05 914.76 919.89 916.02

Durable goods

22.28 22.72 22.81 22.74 940.22 961.06 969.43 964.18

Nondurable goods

19.71 20.23 20.26 20.27 815.99 837.52 836.74 839.18

Private service-providing

22.10 22.72 22.82 22.85 716.04 736.13 739.37 738.06

Trade, transportation, and utilities

19.51 20.17 20.34 20.33 661.39 683.76 685.46 685.12

Wholesale trade

24.67 25.53 25.70 25.54 959.66 993.12 997.16 993.51

Retail trade

15.55 16.14 16.29 16.31 472.72 487.43 488.70 487.67

Transportation and warehousing

21.56 21.99 22.15 22.20 825.75 844.42 848.35 848.04

Utilities

36.42 37.11 37.15 37.13 1,562.42 1,588.31 1,582.59 1,585.45

Information

31.23 32.70 32.91 33.04 1,108.67 1,160.85 1,168.31 1,166.31

Financial activities

26.70 27.17 27.22 27.21 987.90 1,002.57 1,004.42 1,001.33

Professional and business services

26.44 27.08 27.14 27.16 928.04 955.92 960.76 961.46

Education and health services

23.38 23.91 23.97 24.05 752.84 769.90 771.83 774.41

Leisure and hospitality

13.61 14.12 14.19 14.25 337.53 350.18 351.91 353.40

Other services

20.47 21.01 21.10 21.25 626.38 649.21 649.88 654.50

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)
Percent change from:
Dec.
2018 - Jan.
2019(p)
Jan.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018(p)
Jan.
2019(p)
Percent change from:
Dec.
2018 - Jan.
2019(p)

Total private

115.6 118.0 118.2 118.4 0.2 172.8 181.2 182.4 183.0 0.3

Goods-producing

92.6 94.5 95.6 96.4 0.8 133.9 140.6 142.7 143.8 0.8

Mining and logging

126.9 136.7 138.4 139.2 0.6 206.1 229.4 231.1 235.0 1.7

Construction

105.9 108.0 110.8 113.4 2.3 155.5 164.2 168.6 171.8 1.9

Manufacturing

84.9 86.4 86.8 86.6 -0.2 118.1 123.1 124.1 123.5 -0.5