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Economic News Release
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CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed            USDL-10-0256
until 8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, March 5, 2010

Technical information:
 Household data:       (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:   (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                    THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- FEBRUARY 2010


Nonfarm payroll employment was little changed (-36,000) in February, and the
unemployment rate held at 9.7 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
reported today. Employment fell in construction and information, while tem-
porary help services added jobs. Severe winter weather in parts of the
country may have affected payroll employment and hours; however, it is not
possible to quantify precisely the net impact of the winter storms on these
measures. For more information on the effects of the severe weather on employ-
ment estimates, see the box note at the end of the release.

Household Survey Data

In February, the number of unemployed persons, at 14.9 million, was essen-
tially unchanged, and the unemployment rate remained at 9.7 percent. (See
table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (10.0 per-
cent), adult women (8.0 percent), whites (8.8 percent), blacks (15.8 percent),
Hispanics (12.4 percent), and teenagers (25.0 percent) showed little to no
change in February. The jobless rate for Asians was 8.4 percent, not season-
ally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks and over) was
6.1 million in February and has been about that level since December. About 4
in 10 unemployed persons have been unemployed for 27 weeks or more. (See
table A-12.)

In February, the civilian labor force participation rate (64.8 percent) and
the employment-population ratio (58.5 percent) were little changed. (See
table A-1.)

The number of persons working part time for economic reasons (sometimes refer-
red to as involuntary part-time workers) increased from 8.3 to 8.8 million in
February, partially offsetting a large decrease in the prior month. These in-
dividuals were working part time because their hours had been cut back or be-
cause they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.)

About 2.5 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force in
February, an increase of 476,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not sea-
sonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and
were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12
months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for
work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 1.2 million discouraged workers in
February, up by 473,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally ad-
justed.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work be-
cause they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.3 million
persons marginally attached to the labor force had not searched for work in
the 4 weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or
family responsibilities.

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment was little changed in February (-36,000).
Job losses continued in construction and information, while employment con-
tinued to increase in temporary help services. Since the start of the reces-
sion in December 2007, payroll employment has fallen by 8.4 million. (See
table B-1.)

Construction employment fell by 64,000 in February, about in line with the
average monthly job loss over the prior 6 months. Job losses were concen-
trated in nonresidential building (-10,000) and among nonresidential specialty
trade contractors (-35,000). Since December 2007, employment in construction
has fallen by 1.9 million.

Employment in the information industry dropped by 18,000 in February. Since
December 2007, job losses in information have totaled 297,000. In February,
employment in transportation and warehousing continued to trend down.

Employment in manufacturing was essentially unchanged in February. Small job
gains in a number of component industries were offset by job losses in motor
vehicles and parts and in chemicals.

Retail trade employment was unchanged in February, after a sizeable increase
in January. Over the month, job gains in building material and garden supply
stores (7,000) and in department stores (6,000) were offset by declines in
food and beverage stores (-9,000).

In February, temporary help services added 48,000 jobs. Since reaching a low
point in September 2009, temporary help services employment has risen by
284,000. Health care employment continued to trend upward in February.

In February, employment in the federal government edged up. The hiring of
15,000 temporary workers for Census 2010 was partially offset by a decline
in U.S. Postal Service employment.

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls declined
by 0.1 hour to 33.8 hours in February. The manufacturing workweek for all
employees dropped by 0.4 hour to 39.5 hours, and factory overtime decreased
by 0.2 hour over the month. In February, the average workweek for production
or nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls fell by 0.2 hour to
33.1 hours; the workweek fell by 1.0 hour in construction, likely reflecting
the unusually severe winter storms. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

In February, average hourly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm
payrolls increased by 3 cents, or 0.1 percent, to $22.46. Over the past 12
months, average hourly earnings have risen by 1.9 percent. In February, aver-
age hourly earnings of private production and nonsupervisory employees rose
by 3 cents, or 0.2 percent, to $18.93. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for December was revised from
-150,000 to -109,000, and the change for January was revised from -20,000 to
-26,000.


The Employment Situation for March is scheduled to be released on Friday,
April 2, 2010, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).


    _______________________________________________________________________
   |                                                                       |
   |         Effect of Severe Winter Storms on Employment Estimates        |
   |                                                                       |
   |Major winter storms affected parts of the country during the February  |
   |reference periods for the establishment and household surveys.         |
   |                                                                       |
   |In the establishment survey, the reference period was the pay period   |
   |including February 12th. In order for severe weather conditions to re- |
   |duce the estimate of payroll employment, employees have to be off work |
   |for an entire pay period and not be paid for the time missed. About    |
   |half of all workers in the payroll survey have a 2-week, semi-monthly, |
   |or monthly pay period. Workers who received pay for any part of the    |
   |reference pay period, even one hour, are counted in the February pay-  |
   |roll employment figures. While some persons may have been off payrolls |
   |during the survey reference period, some industries, such as those     |
   |dealing with cleanup and repair activities, may have added workers.    |
   |                                                                       |
   |In the household survey, the reference period was the calendar week of |
   |February 7-13. People who miss work for weather-related events are     |
   |counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time off.     |
   |                                                                       |
    _______________________________________________________________________



    _______________________________________________________________________ 
   |                                                                       |
   |                Corrections to Establishment Survey Data               |
   |                                                                       |
   |With the release of February data on March 5, 2010, BLS has corrected  |
   |April-July 2009 establishment survey estimates for all employees and   |
   |women employees for the federal government series. The changes result  |
   |from corrections to initial counts for Census temporary and intermit-  |
   |tent workers for Census 2010. The corrections affect the following in- |
   |dustry series: other federal government; federal, except the U.S. Post-|
   |al Service; federal government; government; service-providing; and to- |
   |tal nonfarm. These corrections do not affect any employment data before|
   |April 2009 or after July 2009. No hours and earnings data are impacted.|
   |                                                                       |
   |_______________________________________________________________________|




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
Numbers in thousands
Category Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010
Change from:
Jan.
2010-
Feb.
2010

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

234,913 236,924 236,832 236,998 166

Civilian labor force

154,401 153,059 153,170 153,512 342

Participation rate

65.7 64.6 64.7 64.8 0.1

Employed

141,687 137,792 138,333 138,641 308

Employment-population ratio

60.3 58.2 58.4 58.5 0.1

Unemployed

12,714 15,267 14,837 14,871 34

Unemployment rate

8.2 10.0 9.7 9.7 0.0

Not in labor force

80,512 83,865 83,663 83,487 -176

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

8.2 10.0 9.7 9.7 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over)

8.4 10.2 10.0 10.0 0.0

Adult women (20 years and over)

6.8 8.2 7.9 8.0 0.1

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

21.8 27.1 26.4 25.0 -1.4

White

7.5 9.0 8.7 8.8 0.1

Black or African American

13.5 16.2 16.5 15.8 -0.7

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)

6.9 8.4 8.4 8.4 -

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

11.0 12.9 12.6 12.4 -0.2

Total, 25 years and over

7.0 8.5 8.2 8.3 0.1

Less than a high school diploma

13.0 15.3 15.2 15.6 0.4

High school graduates, no college

8.4 10.5 10.1 10.5 0.4

Some college or associate degree

7.1 9.0 8.5 8.0 -0.5

Bachelor's degree and higher

4.2 5.0 4.9 5.0 0.1

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

7,878 9,701 9,323 9,550 227

Job leavers

820 932 914 866 -48

Reentrants

2,912 3,334 3,585 3,451 -134

New entrants

1,016 1,270 1,235 1,238 3

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

3,364 2,929 3,008 2,748 -260

5 to 14 weeks

3,961 3,486 3,362 3,412 50

15 to 26 weeks

2,405 2,840 2,632 2,696 64

27 weeks and over

2,964 6,130 6,313 6,133 -180

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

8,672 9,165 8,316 8,791 475

Slack work or business conditions

6,511 6,453 5,873 6,185 312

Could only find part-time work

1,771 2,346 2,295 2,212 -83

Part time for noneconomic reasons

18,861 18,364 18,563 18,360 -203

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force

2,051 2,486 2,539 2,527 -

Discouraged workers

731 929 1,065 1,204 -

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

-726 -109 -26 -36

Total private

-707 -83 -33 -18

Goods-producing

-296 -54 -53 -60

Mining and logging

-14 0 4 3

Construction

-116 -36 -77 -64

Manufacturing

-166 -18 20 1

Durable goods(1)

-118 -11 19 1

Motor vehicles and parts

17.1 -1.1 26.8 -9.7

Nondurable goods

-48 -7 1 0

Private service-providing(1)

-411 -29 20 42

Wholesale trade

-49.4 -4.3 -16.4 -1.0

Retail trade

-69.8 -14.5 41.8 -0.4

Transportation and warehousing

-26.4 -4.0 -31.1 -12.0

Information

-15 -14 -4 -18

Financial activities

-51 -9 -13 -10

Professional and business services(1)

-171 22 30 51

Temporary help services

-49.5 49.7 50.2 47.5

Education and health services(1)

16 37 23 32

Health care and social assistance

18.1 21.8 15.8 20.4

Leisure and hospitality

-26 -33 0 7

Other services

-19 -7 0 -6

Government

-19 -26 7 -18

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES(2)
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES

Total nonfarm women employees

49.6 49.9 49.9 49.9

Total private women employees

48.0 48.4 48.4 48.4

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.4 82.4 82.4 82.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.1 33.8 33.9 33.8

Average hourly earnings

$22.05 $22.38 $22.43 $22.46

Average weekly earnings

$751.91 $756.44 $760.38 $759.15

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

94.2 90.7 91.0 90.7

Over-the-month percent change

-0.9 -0.4 0.3 -0.3

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

99.1 96.8 97.3 97.1

Over-the-month percent change

-0.7 -0.4 0.5 -0.2

HOURS AND EARNINGS
PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

33.2 33.2 33.3 33.1

Average hourly earnings

$18.47 $18.85 $18.90 $18.93

Average weekly earnings

$613.20 $625.82 $629.37 $626.58

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3)

100.8 97.9 98.2 97.6

Over-the-month percent change

-1.0 0.0 0.3 -0.6

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)(4)

124.4 123.3 124.0 123.4

Over-the-month percent change

-0.7 0.2 0.6 -0.5

DIFFUSION INDEX(5)
(Over 1-month span)

Total private

17.1 39.6 44.2 48.0

Manufacturing

10.4 41.5 40.9 54.9

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p = preliminary.


    Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates


Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based
estimates of employment and both have strengths and limitations. The
establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on
the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because
of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of
about 100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey,
while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household
survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive
scope than the establishment survey because it includes the self-employed,
unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers,
who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also
provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants.
However, neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to
identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to de-
termine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does
not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does
include questions which identify the foreign and native born, but it does not
include questions about the legal status of the foreign born.

Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data
series by incorporating additional information that was not available at
the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment
survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately suc-
ceeding 2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents
in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more informa-
tion on the monthly revisions, please visit www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revi-
sion that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available
from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for
sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the
annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm.

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of busi-
ness establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sam-
ple is designed to maximize the reliability of the total nonfarm employment
estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled
to achieve that goal.
  
Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account 
for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The
adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net 
jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of
the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of
Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sam-
pling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new
businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a
new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection.
BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year.

Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving
unemployment insurance benefits?

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of house-
holds. All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available
to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are in-
cluded even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or ques-
tion relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for
work?

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
want a job, including those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs
are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
underutilization (discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as
unemployed) are published each month in the Employment Situation news release.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the
Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employ-
ment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey 
provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemploy-
ment that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a 
sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Cen-
sus Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, 
and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the 
"B" tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 
month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural busi-
ness establishments. The sample includes about 140,000 businesses and 
government agencies representing approximately 410,000 worksites and is 
drawn from a sampling frame of roughly 8.9 million unemployment  in-
surance tax accounts. The active sample includes approximately one-
third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular 
week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is 
generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. 
In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period 
including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 
calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire
civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series
of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years
and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed,
or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as
paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, 
profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 
hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employ-
ed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, 
bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the follow-
ing criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they 
were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts 
to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 
reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need 
not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment 
data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eli-
gibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed per-
sons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the
labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a per-
cent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the
labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-popula-
tion ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. Additional 
information about the household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/
cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from pri-
vate nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as
well as from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees
on nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the
reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are
counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced
for the private sector for all employees and for production and nonsu-
pervisory employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are defin-
ed as production and related employees in manufacturing and mining and 
logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory em-
ployees in private service-providing industries. 

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s princi-
pal activity in accordance with the 2007 version of the North American 
Industry Classification System. Additional information about the estab-
lishment survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and
methodological differences between the household and establishment
surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates
derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-
     employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers
     among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.
  
   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
     employed. The establishment survey does not.
  
   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and
     older. The establishment survey is not limited by age.
  
   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than
     one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted
     separately for each appearance.
  
Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and
the levels of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring
fluctuations. These events may result from seasonal changes in weather, 
major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of 
such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by
adjusting for regular seasonal variation. These adjustments make non-
seasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases
in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For
example, in the household survey, the large number of youth entering
the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that
have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if
the level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in
the establishment survey, payroll employment in education declines by
about 20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with
the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying employment trends
in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes at the end and
beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The
seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to
analyze changes in month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both
the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series
for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment
in most major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed
by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example,
total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate
that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent
seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors
are calculated each month using all relevant data, up to and including
the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal
factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the es-
tablishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month 
to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months 
are routinely revised to incorporate additional sample reports and re-
calculated seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year revi-
sions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are
subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather
than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the
sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they
represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending
on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by
the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, 
or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ 
by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value 
because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 
90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in
total nonfarm employment from the establishment survey is on the order
of plus or minus 100,0001. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment
increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confi-
dence interval on the monthly change would range from -50,000 to 
+150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,0002). These figures do not mean that the
sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is
about a 90-percent chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies
within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than
zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment had, in
fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employ-
ment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent 
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is 
likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in 
fact, risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent, 
the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in unemploy-
ment as measured by the household survey is about +/- 280,000, and for 
the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/-0.19 per-
centage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments
have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than
estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The pre-
cision of estimates also is improved when the data are cumulated over 
time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by
nonsampling error, which can occur for many reasons, including the
failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain
information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwill-
ingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely 
basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collec-
tion or processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most
recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason,
these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only
after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly 
all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is consi-
dered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment
survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment
generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestima-
tion of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two compo-
nents is used to account for business births. The first component 
excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based 
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from 
business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based esti-
mation procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out 
of business, but imputing to them the same employment trend as the 
other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for most of the 
net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to
estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for 
by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and 
test the ARIMA model was derived from the unemployment insurance 
universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net 
of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are ad-
justed once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll
employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment
insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based em-
ployment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a bench-
mark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. 
The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of 
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions  for 
total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from 
-0.7 to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory im-
paired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal 
Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
Numbers in thousands
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Feb.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Oct.
2009
Nov.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

234,913 236,832 236,998 234,913 236,550 236,743 236,924 236,832 236,998

Civilian labor force

153,804 152,957 153,194 154,401 153,854 153,720 153,059 153,170 153,512

Participation rate

65.5 64.6 64.6 65.7 65.0 64.9 64.6 64.7 64.8

Employed

140,105 136,809 137,203 141,687 138,242 138,381 137,792 138,333 138,641

Employment-population ratio

59.6 57.8 57.9 60.3 58.4 58.5 58.2 58.4 58.5

Unemployed

13,699 16,147 15,991 12,714 15,612 15,340 15,267 14,837 14,871

Unemployment rate

8.9 10.6 10.4 8.2 10.1 10.0 10.0 9.7 9.7

Not in labor force

81,109 83,876 83,804 80,512 82,696 83,022 83,865 83,663 83,487

Persons who currently want a job

5,588 6,108 6,086 5,677 6,031 6,043 6,306 5,965 6,170

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

113,666 114,648 114,735 113,666 114,530 114,632 114,728 114,648 114,735

Civilian labor force

81,959 81,238 81,488 82,180 82,184 81,964 81,454 81,290 81,496

Participation rate

72.1 70.9 71.0 72.3 71.8 71.5 71.0 70.9 71.0

Employed

73,441 71,216 71,566 74,756 72,844 72,794 72,499 72,516 72,813

Employment-population ratio

64.6 62.1 62.4 65.8 63.6 63.5 63.2 63.3 63.5

Unemployed

8,517 10,021 9,923 7,425 9,340 9,171 8,955 8,774 8,683

Unemployment rate

10.4 12.3 12.2 9.0 11.4 11.2 11.0 10.8 10.7

Not in labor force

31,707 33,410 33,247 31,486 32,346 32,667 33,274 33,358 33,239

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

104,999 105,998 106,100 104,999 105,906 106,018 106,125 105,998 106,100

Civilian labor force

78,879 78,451 78,678 78,859 79,024 78,901 78,402 78,225 78,471

Participation rate

75.1 74.0 74.2 75.1 74.6 74.4 73.9 73.8 74.0

Employed

71,217 69,337 69,606 72,266 70,662 70,662 70,391 70,390 70,623

Employment-population ratio

67.8 65.4 65.6 68.8 66.7 66.7 66.3 66.4 66.6

Unemployed

7,662 9,113 9,072 6,593 8,362 8,239 8,011 7,835 7,848

Unemployment rate

9.7 11.6 11.5 8.4 10.6 10.4 10.2 10.0 10.0

Not in labor force

26,120 27,548 27,422 26,140 26,882 27,117 27,723 27,774 27,628

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

121,247 122,185 122,263 121,247 122,020 122,111 122,197 122,185 122,263

Civilian labor force

71,846 71,719 71,706 72,220 71,669 71,756 71,605 71,880 72,015

Participation rate

59.3 58.7 58.6 59.6 58.7 58.8 58.6 58.8 58.9

Employed

66,664 65,593 65,638 66,931 65,398 65,587 65,293 65,817 65,828

Employment-population ratio

55.0 53.7 53.7 55.2 53.6 53.7 53.4 53.9 53.8

Unemployed

5,182 6,126 6,068 5,290 6,271 6,169 6,312 6,064 6,187

Unemployment rate

7.2 8.5 8.5 7.3 8.8 8.6 8.8 8.4 8.6

Not in labor force

49,401 50,466 50,557 49,027 50,350 50,355 50,591 50,305 50,247

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

112,824 113,796 113,886 112,824 113,636 113,737 113,832 113,796 113,886

Civilian labor force

68,738 68,991 68,940 68,914 68,687 68,742 68,620 68,949 69,069

Participation rate

60.9 60.6 60.5 61.1 60.4 60.4 60.3 60.6 60.6

Employed

64,106 63,437 63,459 64,238 63,133 63,269 62,998 63,527 63,538

Employment-population ratio

56.8 55.7 55.7 56.9 55.6 55.6 55.3 55.8 55.8

Unemployed

4,632 5,553 5,481 4,676 5,554 5,473 5,622 5,422 5,531

Unemployment rate

6.7 8.0 8.0 6.8 8.1 8.0 8.2 7.9 8.0

Not in labor force

44,086 44,806 44,947 43,910 44,949 44,994 45,212 44,848 44,818

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

17,090 17,038 17,012 17,090 17,008 16,988 16,967 17,038 17,012

Civilian labor force

6,187 5,515 5,577 6,628 6,143 6,077 6,037 5,996 5,972

Participation rate

36.2 32.4 32.8 38.8 36.1 35.8 35.6 35.2 35.1

Employed

4,783 4,034 4,139 5,183 4,448 4,450 4,403 4,416 4,480

Employment-population ratio

28.0 23.7 24.3 30.3 26.1 26.2 25.9 25.9 26.3

Unemployed

1,405 1,481 1,438 1,445 1,696 1,627 1,634 1,580 1,491

Unemployment rate

22.7 26.9 25.8 21.8 27.6 26.8 27.1 26.4 25.0

Not in labor force

10,903 11,522 11,436 10,462 10,865 10,911 10,930 11,041 11,041

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
Numbers in thousands
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Feb.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Oct.
2009
Nov.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

190,331 191,454 191,552 190,331 191,394 191,516 191,628 191,454 191,552

Civilian labor force

125,528 124,498 124,790 125,835 125,567 125,258 124,605 124,579 124,847

Participation rate

66.0 65.0 65.1 66.1 65.6 65.4 65.0 65.1 65.2

Employed

115,182 112,546 112,712 116,427 113,754 113,669 113,339 113,797 113,865

Employment-population ratio

60.5 58.8 58.8 61.2 59.4 59.4 59.1 59.4 59.4

Unemployed

10,346 11,952 12,079 9,408 11,813 11,589 11,266 10,782 10,982

Unemployment rate

8.2 9.6 9.7 7.5 9.4 9.3 9.0 8.7 8.8

Not in labor force

64,803 66,956 66,762 64,496 65,827 66,258 67,024 66,875 66,705

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

65,342 64,877 65,128 65,285 65,540 65,387 64,804 64,682 64,889

Participation rate

75.6 74.5 74.7 75.5 75.3 75.0 74.3 74.3 74.4

Employed

59,471 57,937 58,183 60,333 59,077 58,996 58,782 58,813 59,021

Employment-population ratio

68.8 66.5 66.7 69.8 67.8 67.7 67.4 67.5 67.7

Unemployed

5,872 6,940 6,945 4,952 6,463 6,390 6,022 5,869 5,868

Unemployment rate

9.0 10.7 10.7 7.6 9.9 9.8 9.3 9.1 9.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

54,995 55,135 55,087 54,978 54,932 54,908 54,822 55,017 55,061

Participation rate

60.6 60.4 60.3 60.6 60.2 60.1 60.0 60.2 60.2

Employed

51,585 51,202 51,032 51,599 50,861 50,852 50,753 51,248 51,048

Employment-population ratio

56.8 56.1 55.8 56.8 55.7 55.6 55.5 56.1 55.8

Unemployed

3,411 3,933 4,055 3,379 4,071 4,056 4,069 3,769 4,014

Unemployment rate

6.2 7.1 7.4 6.1 7.4 7.4 7.4 6.8 7.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

5,190 4,486 4,575 5,571 5,095 4,963 4,978 4,880 4,897

Participation rate

39.7 34.5 35.2 42.6 39.2 38.2 38.4 37.5 37.7

Employed

4,126 3,406 3,497 4,494 3,816 3,820 3,804 3,736 3,797

Employment-population ratio

31.5 26.2 26.9 34.4 29.3 29.4 29.3 28.7 29.2

Unemployed

1,064 1,080 1,078 1,077 1,279 1,142 1,174 1,145 1,100

Unemployment rate

20.5 24.1 23.6 19.3 25.1 23.0 23.6 23.5 22.5

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

28,085 28,526 28,559 28,085 28,369 28,404 28,437 28,526 28,559

Civilian labor force

17,534 17,702 17,599 17,692 17,516 17,660 17,600 17,749 17,748

Participation rate

62.4 62.1 61.6 63.0 61.7 62.2 61.9 62.2 62.1

Employed

15,108 14,643 14,752 15,296 14,763 14,904 14,758 14,820 14,936

Employment-population ratio

53.8 51.3 51.7 54.5 52.0 52.5 51.9 52.0 52.3

Unemployed

2,426 3,059 2,847 2,396 2,754 2,757 2,843 2,929 2,812

Unemployment rate

13.8 17.3 16.2 13.5 15.7 15.6 16.2 16.5 15.8

Not in labor force

10,551 10,824 10,960 10,393 10,853 10,744 10,837 10,777 10,811

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

7,904 8,017 7,971 7,945 7,899 7,915 7,907 7,970 7,985

Participation rate

70.0 69.6 69.1 70.3 69.0 69.0 68.8 69.2 69.2

Employed

6,632 6,451 6,448 6,744 6,553 6,584 6,591 6,566 6,561

Employment-population ratio

58.7 56.0 55.9 59.7 57.2 57.4 57.4 57.0 56.9

Unemployed

1,273 1,565 1,523 1,201 1,346 1,331 1,316 1,405 1,424

Unemployment rate

16.1 19.5 19.1 15.1 17.0 16.8 16.6 17.6 17.8

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

8,944 8,998 8,995 9,002 8,911 9,001 8,959 9,034 9,074

Participation rate

63.4 62.8 62.7 63.9 62.5 63.1 62.7 63.1 63.3

Employed

8,052 7,803 7,934 8,096 7,800 7,946 7,788 7,836 7,975

Employment-population ratio

57.1 54.5 55.3 57.4 54.8 55.7 54.5 54.7 55.6

Unemployed

891 1,194 1,062 906 1,110 1,055 1,171 1,198 1,099

Unemployment rate

10.0 13.3 11.8 10.1 12.5 11.7 13.1 13.3 12.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

686 687 633 745 707 743 734 745 689

Participation rate

25.5 25.6 23.6 27.7 26.4 27.8 27.5 27.7 25.7

Employed

424 388 371 455 409 373 379 418 399

Employment-population ratio

15.8 14.5 13.8 16.9 15.3 14.0 14.2 15.6 14.9

Unemployed

262 299 262 289 298 370 356 326 290

Unemployment rate

38.2 43.5 41.4 38.9 42.1 49.8 48.4 43.8 42.0

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

10,753 10,950 11,020 - - - - - -

Civilian labor force

7,086 7,020 7,074 - - - - - -

Participation rate

65.9 64.1 64.2 - - - - - -

Employed

6,597 6,431 6,483 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

61.4 58.7 58.8 - - - - - -

Unemployed

489 589 592 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

6.9 8.4 8.4 - - - - - -

Not in labor force

3,667 3,930 3,946 - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
Numbers in thousands
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Feb.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Oct.
2009
Nov.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

32,501 33,251 33,335 32,501 33,202 33,291 33,379 33,251 33,335

Civilian labor force

22,044 22,505 22,582 22,120 22,492 22,564 22,404 22,578 22,648

Participation rate

67.8 67.7 67.7 68.1 67.7 67.8 67.1 67.9 67.9

Employed

19,388 19,373 19,554 19,687 19,553 19,692 19,513 19,730 19,848

Employment-population ratio

59.7 58.3 58.7 60.6 58.9 59.2 58.5 59.3 59.5

Unemployed

2,657 3,132 3,027 2,433 2,939 2,872 2,891 2,848 2,800

Unemployment rate

12.1 13.9 13.4 11.0 13.1 12.7 12.9 12.6 12.4

Not in labor force

10,457 10,746 10,753 10,382 10,710 10,727 10,976 10,674 10,687

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

12,557 12,769 12,863 - - - - - -

Participation rate

83.1 82.6 83.0 - - - - - -

Employed

11,027 11,003 11,128 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

72.9 71.2 71.8 - - - - - -

Unemployed

1,530 1,766 1,735 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

12.2 13.8 13.5 - - - - - -

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

8,438 8,776 8,743 - - - - - -

Participation rate

59.0 60.2 59.9 - - - - - -

Employed

7,578 7,767 7,759 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

53.0 53.3 53.1 - - - - - -

Unemployed

860 1,009 984 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

10.2 11.5 11.3 - - - - - -

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,050 960 976 - - - - - -

Participation rate

34.0 29.8 30.2 - - - - - -

Employed

782 602 667 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

25.3 18.7 20.7 - - - - - -

Unemployed

267 357 308 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

25.5 37.2 31.6 - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
Numbers in thousands
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Oct.
2009
Nov.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

11,898 12,014 11,415 12,015 12,155 12,003 11,977 11,835 11,518

Participation rate

46.1 46.1 45.8 46.6 47.2 46.3 45.6 45.4 46.2

Employed

10,097 9,898 9,369 10,450 10,272 10,202 10,144 10,033 9,722

Employment-population ratio

39.2 38.0 37.6 40.5 39.9 39.3 38.6 38.5 39.0

Unemployed

1,801 2,116 2,046 1,565 1,883 1,802 1,833 1,802 1,795

Unemployment rate

15.1 17.6 17.9 13.0 15.5 15.0 15.3 15.2 15.6

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

38,497 38,285 39,089 38,386 37,917 37,759 37,607 37,738 38,801

Participation rate

62.3 62.0 62.4 62.1 61.8 61.6 61.4 61.1 61.9

Employed

34,791 33,879 34,425 35,143 33,674 33,851 33,649 33,920 34,737

Employment-population ratio

56.3 54.8 54.9 56.9 54.9 55.2 55.0 54.9 55.4

Unemployed

3,706 4,406 4,664 3,242 4,243 3,908 3,958 3,818 4,064

Unemployment rate

9.6 11.5 11.9 8.4 11.2 10.4 10.5 10.1 10.5

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

37,267 36,584 36,793 37,039 36,899 36,946 36,892 36,761 36,575

Participation rate

71.9 71.1 70.6 71.5 70.9 70.4 70.6 71.5 70.2

Employed

34,421 33,292 33,685 34,407 33,596 33,629 33,560 33,629 33,660

Employment-population ratio

66.4 64.7 64.7 66.4 64.5 64.1 64.2 65.4 64.6

Unemployed

2,846 3,292 3,108 2,632 3,303 3,318 3,332 3,132 2,915

Unemployment rate

7.6 9.0 8.4 7.1 9.0 9.0 9.0 8.5 8.0

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

45,078 45,925 45,598 45,085 46,316 45,992 45,994 45,939 45,694

Participation rate

77.7 77.0 76.8 77.7 77.4 77.4 77.3 77.0 77.0

Employed

43,190 43,574 43,313 43,207 44,116 43,743 43,707 43,704 43,418

Employment-population ratio

74.5 73.1 73.0 74.5 73.7 73.6 73.4 73.3 73.1

Unemployed

1,888 2,351 2,285 1,878 2,200 2,249 2,288 2,235 2,276

Unemployment rate

4.2 5.1 5.0 4.2 4.7 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
Numbers in thousands
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

22,328 22,152 20,579 20,376 1,749 1,776

Civilian labor force

12,330 11,875 11,172 10,807 1,158 1,068

Participation rate

55.2 53.6 54.3 53.0 66.2 60.1

Employed

11,333 10,751 10,266 9,767 1,067 983

Employment-population ratio

50.8 48.5 49.9 47.9 61.0 55.4

Unemployed

997 1,124 906 1,040 91 85

Unemployment rate

8.1 9.5 8.1 9.6 7.9 7.9

Not in labor force

9,998 10,277 9,407 9,569 591 708

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

1,804 2,078 1,497 1,747 308 331

Civilian labor force

1,513 1,696 1,288 1,464 225 232

Participation rate

83.9 81.6 86.1 83.8 73.1 70.1

Employed

1,344 1,484 1,149 1,283 194 201

Employment-population ratio

74.5 71.4 76.8 73.4 63.2 60.7

Unemployed

170 212 139 181 31 31

Unemployment rate

11.2 12.5 10.8 12.4 13.6 13.4

Not in labor force

291 382 208 283 83 99

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

2,850 2,927 2,439 2,507 411 420

Civilian labor force

2,481 2,548 2,148 2,226 333 322

Participation rate

87.1 87.0 88.1 88.8 81.1 76.6

Employed

2,317 2,321 2,004 2,014 313 307

Employment-population ratio

81.3 79.3 82.2 80.4 76.3 73.1

Unemployed

163 226 144 212 20 15

Unemployment rate

6.6 8.9 6.7 9.5 5.9 4.5

Not in labor force

369 379 291 281 78 98

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

11,569 11,153 11,182 10,782 386 372

Civilian labor force

4,585 4,118 4,443 4,001 142 117

Participation rate

39.6 36.9 39.7 37.1 36.6 31.4

Employed

4,269 3,785 4,131 3,673 138 112

Employment-population ratio

36.9 33.9 36.9 34.1 35.6 30.1

Unemployed

316 332 312 327 4 5

Unemployment rate

6.9 8.1 7.0 8.2 2.7 4.3

Not in labor force

6,984 7,036 6,739 6,781 245 255

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

6,105 5,994 5,461 5,341 644 653

Civilian labor force

3,751 3,514 3,293 3,116 459 397

Participation rate

61.4 58.6 60.3 58.3 71.2 60.9

Employed

3,404 3,161 2,982 2,797 421 364

Employment-population ratio

55.7 52.7 54.6 52.4 65.4 55.7

Unemployed

348 353 311 319 37 34

Unemployment rate

9.3 10.1 9.4 10.3 8.1 8.5

Not in labor force

2,354 2,480 2,168 2,225 186 256

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

203,620 205,915 88,583 89,856 115,038 116,059

Civilian labor force

139,316 139,527 69,779 69,824 69,537 69,703

Participation rate

68.4 67.8 78.8 77.7 60.4 60.1

Employed

127,105 125,152 62,459 61,215 64,646 63,936

Employment-population ratio

62.4 60.8 70.5 68.1 56.2 55.1

Unemployed

12,211 14,375 7,320 8,609 4,891 5,766

Unemployment rate

8.8 10.3 10.5 12.3 7.0 8.3

Not in labor force

64,305 66,389 18,804 20,032 45,501 46,357

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
Numbers in thousands
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

26,738 26,899 208,175 210,100

Civilian labor force

6,141 5,887 147,663 147,308

Participation rate

23.0 21.9 70.9 70.1

Employed

5,282 5,076 134,823 132,127

Employment-population ratio

19.8 18.9 64.8 62.9

Unemployed

859 811 12,840 15,181

Unemployment rate

14.0 13.8 8.7 10.3

Not in labor force

20,596 21,012 60,512 62,792

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,865 2,741 75,581 75,106

Participation rate

39.1 37.6 83.9 82.7

Employed

2,362 2,294 67,833 65,913

Employment-population ratio

32.2 31.5 75.3 72.6

Unemployed

503 447 7,748 9,193

Unemployment rate

17.6 16.3 10.3 12.2

Not in labor force

4,468 4,545 14,495 15,706

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,470 2,329 66,488 66,343

Participation rate

32.7 30.9 72.1 71.4

Employed

2,172 2,022 61,772 60,809

Employment-population ratio

28.7 26.9 67.0 65.4

Unemployed

299 306 4,716 5,534

Unemployment rate

12.1 13.2 7.1 8.3

Not in labor force

5,092 5,199 25,743 26,586

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

806 817 5,594 5,859

Participation rate

6.8 6.8 21.6 22.2

Employed

748 760 5,218 5,405

Employment-population ratio

6.3 6.3 20.2 20.5

Unemployed

57 58 376 454

Unemployment rate

7.1 7.1 6.7 7.7

Not in labor force

11,036 11,267 20,274 20,500

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
Numbers in thousands
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

34,714 35,315 17,306 17,683 17,408 17,633

Civilian labor force

23,390 23,854 13,905 14,098 9,485 9,756

Participation rate

67.4 67.5 80.3 79.7 54.5 55.3

Employed

20,976 21,102 12,337 12,365 8,639 8,737

Employment-population ratio

60.4 59.8 71.3 69.9 49.6 49.5

Unemployed

2,414 2,752 1,568 1,734 846 1,019

Unemployment rate

10.3 11.5 11.3 12.3 8.9 10.4

Not in labor force

11,324 11,461 3,401 3,584 7,923 7,877

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

200,199 201,683 96,360 97,053 103,839 104,630

Civilian labor force

130,414 129,341 68,053 67,390 62,361 61,950

Participation rate

65.1 64.1 70.6 69.4 60.1 59.2

Employed

119,129 116,102 61,104 59,201 58,025 56,901

Employment-population ratio

59.5 57.6 63.4 61.0 55.9 54.4

Unemployed

11,285 13,239 6,949 8,189 4,336 5,050

Unemployment rate

8.7 10.2 10.2 12.2 7.0 8.2

Not in labor force

69,785 72,342 28,307 29,663 41,478 42,680

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
In thousands
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Oct.
2009
Nov.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

1,961 1,974 2,132 2,148 2,041 2,086 2,056 2,115 2,313

Wage and salary workers

1,126 1,218 1,261 1,228 1,263 1,331 1,308 1,342 1,362

Self-employed workers

817 743 849 876 736 752 755 781 908

Unpaid family workers

18 13 22 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

138,144 134,836 135,071 139,559 136,311 136,357 135,717 136,276 136,398

Wage and salary workers

129,232 126,126 126,091 130,454 127,312 127,160 126,539 127,269 127,261

Government

21,158 21,144 21,297 21,185 21,161 21,233 21,110 21,227 21,292

Private industries

108,075 104,982 104,794 109,271 106,173 105,856 105,428 106,031 105,942

Private households

719 688 666 - - - - - -

Other industries

107,356 104,295 104,127 108,535 105,401 105,097 104,666 105,329 105,243

Self-employed workers

8,859 8,643 8,900 8,978 8,960 9,111 9,135 9,007 9,029

Unpaid family workers

53 66 80 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(1)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(2)

9,170 9,290 9,282 8,672 9,240 9,225 9,165 8,316 8,791

Slack work or business conditions

7,067 6,825 6,708 6,511 6,882 6,684 6,453 5,873 6,185

Could only find part-time work

1,827 2,159 2,252 1,771 2,084 2,238 2,346 2,295 2,212

Part time for noneconomic reasons(3)

19,296 18,782 18,718 18,861 18,632 18,354 18,364 18,563 18,360

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(2)

9,053 9,161 9,108 8,584 9,158 9,137 9,055 8,193 8,651

Slack work or business conditions

6,989 6,739 6,584 6,455 6,797 6,616 6,378 5,792 6,079

Could only find part-time work

1,822 2,149 2,237 1,771 2,033 2,241 2,349 2,288 2,199

Part time for noneconomic reasons(3)

18,977 18,444 18,387 18,556 18,317 18,066 18,056 18,218 18,043

Footnotes
(1) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(3) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
Numbers in thousands
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Oct.
2009
Nov.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

140,105 136,809 137,203 141,687 138,242 138,381 137,792 138,333 138,641

16 to 19 years

4,783 4,034 4,139 5,183 4,448 4,450 4,403 4,416 4,480

16 to 17 years

1,667 1,318 1,301 1,866 1,417 1,409 1,425 1,484 1,456

18 to 19 years

3,116 2,716 2,838 3,342 3,041 3,036 2,987 2,938 3,043

20 years and over

135,323 132,775 133,064 136,504 133,795 133,931 133,389 133,916 134,161

20 to 24 years

12,823 12,132 12,273 13,134 12,414 12,446 12,389 12,435 12,539

25 years and over

122,500 120,643 120,792 123,224 121,440 121,539 121,012 121,404 121,471

25 to 54 years

95,530 93,348 93,348 96,195 94,272 94,318 93,791 94,004 94,001

25 to 34 years

30,003 29,680 29,831 30,333 29,811 29,793 29,794 30,022 30,123

35 to 44 years

31,844 30,473 30,375 31,994 30,966 31,031 30,744 30,683 30,560

45 to 54 years

33,683 33,194 33,142 33,867 33,495 33,494 33,254 33,299 33,318

55 years and over

26,970 27,295 27,444 27,029 27,168 27,221 27,221 27,399 27,470

Men, 16 years and over

73,441 71,216 71,566 74,756 72,844 72,794 72,499 72,516 72,813

16 to 19 years

2,224 1,879 1,960 2,490 2,182 2,131 2,108 2,126 2,190

16 to 17 years

716 594 583 844 688 673 672 706 686

18 to 19 years

1,508 1,285 1,377 1,637 1,485 1,453 1,434 1,415 1,496

20 years and over

71,217 69,337 69,606 72,266 70,662 70,662 70,391 70,390 70,623

20 to 24 years

6,565 5,963 6,116 6,762 6,257 6,301 6,234 6,211 6,282

25 years and over

64,652 63,375 63,490 65,448 64,449 64,375 64,166 64,091 64,267

25 to 54 years

50,461 49,205 49,198 51,118 50,222 50,090 49,921 49,807 49,868

25 to 34 years

16,111 15,886 15,992 16,426 16,203 16,157 16,118 16,148 16,281

35 to 44 years

16,989 16,302 16,218 17,144 16,642 16,719 16,629 16,479 16,404

45 to 54 years

17,360 17,017 16,988 17,548 17,376 17,214 17,174 17,180 17,183

55 years and over

14,191 14,169 14,292 14,330 14,227 14,285 14,245 14,284 14,399

Women, 16 years and over

66,664 65,593 65,638 66,931 65,398 65,587 65,293 65,817 65,828

16 to 19 years

2,559 2,155 2,179 2,693 2,266 2,318 2,294 2,290 2,290

16 to 17 years

951 724 718 1,022 728 736 753 777 770

18 to 19 years

1,607 1,431 1,461 1,705 1,555 1,583 1,553 1,523 1,546

20 years and over

64,106 63,437 63,459 64,238 63,133 63,269 62,998 63,527 63,538

20 to 24 years

6,258 6,169 6,157 6,372 6,158 6,145 6,155 6,224 6,258

25 years and over

57,848 57,269 57,302 57,775 56,992 57,164 56,846 57,313 57,204

25 to 54 years

45,069 44,143 44,150 45,077 44,050 44,229 43,870 44,197 44,134

25 to 34 years

13,892 13,794 13,839 13,907 13,608 13,637 13,676 13,874 13,843

35 to 44 years

14,854 14,171 14,157 14,850 14,324 14,312 14,115 14,203 14,156

45 to 54 years

16,322 16,177 16,154 16,319 16,118 16,280 16,080 16,119 16,135

55 years and over

12,778 13,126 13,152 12,699 12,942 12,936 12,976 13,116 13,071

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

44,248 42,807 42,951 44,449 43,401 43,336 43,312 43,126 43,168

Married women, spouse present

35,550 35,038 35,286 35,545 34,736 34,867 35,004 35,073 35,248

Women who maintain families

8,705 8,401 8,445 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(1)

112,947 108,777 109,100 114,811 110,817 110,901 110,254 110,497 110,840

Part-time workers(2)

27,158 28,033 28,103 26,670 27,511 27,400 27,466 27,718 27,596

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

7,676 6,751 7,161 7,617 7,017 7,060 6,910 6,961 7,060

Percent of total employed

5.5 4.9 5.2 5.4 5.1 5.1 5.0 5.0 5.1

Footnotes
(1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Feb.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Oct.
2009
Nov.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

12,714 14,837 14,871 8.2 10.1 10.0 10.0 9.7 9.7

16 to 19 years

1,445 1,580 1,491 21.8 27.6 26.8 27.1 26.4 25.0

16 to 17 years

559 574 573 23.1 30.2 28.8 29.9 27.9 28.2

18 to 19 years

899 999 947 21.2 25.7 26.1 25.8 25.4 23.7

20 years and over

11,269 13,257 13,379 7.6 9.4 9.3 9.3 9.0 9.1

20 to 24 years

2,003 2,341 2,384 13.2 15.6 15.9 15.6 15.8 16.0

25 years and over

9,262 10,876 11,004 7.0 8.7 8.5 8.5 8.2 8.3

25 to 54 years

7,617 8,891 8,885 7.3 9.2 8.9 8.9 8.6 8.6

25 to 34 years

2,959 3,295 3,276 8.9 10.7 10.3 10.2 9.9 9.8

35 to 44 years

2,389 2,849 2,946 6.9 9.0 8.6 8.8 8.5 8.8

45 to 54 years

2,269 2,747 2,663 6.3 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.6 7.4

55 years and over

1,634 1,989 2,107 5.7 7.0 7.1 7.2 6.8 7.1

Men, 16 years and over

7,425 8,774 8,683 9.0 11.4 11.2 11.0 10.8 10.7

16 to 19 years

831 939 835 25.0 31.0 30.4 30.9 30.6 27.6

16 to 17 years

305 315 300 26.6 33.5 30.5 33.1 30.8 30.4

18 to 19 years

543 615 563 24.9 28.9 30.5 30.2 30.3 27.3

20 years and over

6,593 7,835 7,848 8.4 10.6 10.4 10.2 10.0 10.0

20 to 24 years

1,186 1,478 1,440 14.9 18.6 18.3 18.4 19.2 18.7

25 years and over

5,423 6,342 6,432 7.7 9.7 9.5 9.2 9.0 9.1

25 to 54 years

4,492 5,179 5,222 8.1 10.2 10.0 9.6 9.4 9.5

25 to 34 years

1,796 1,964 1,968 9.9 11.4 11.2 11.0 10.8 10.8

35 to 44 years

1,364 1,626 1,709 7.4 10.1 9.3 8.9 9.0 9.4

45 to 54 years

1,332 1,589 1,545 7.1 9.2 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.2

55 years and over

931 1,164 1,211 6.1 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.5 7.8

Women, 16 years and over

5,290 6,064 6,187 7.3 8.8 8.6 8.8 8.4 8.6

16 to 19 years

614 641 656 18.6 24.0 23.1 23.1 21.9 22.3

16 to 17 years

254 259 273 19.9 26.8 27.1 26.8 25.0 26.2

18 to 19 years

356 383 384 17.3 22.4 21.5 21.3 20.1 19.9

20 years and over

4,676 5,422 5,531 6.8 8.1 8.0 8.2 7.9 8.0

20 to 24 years

817 864 944 11.4 12.4 13.3 12.5 12.2 13.1

25 years and over

3,839 4,534 4,572 6.2 7.6 7.3 7.6 7.3 7.4

25 to 54 years

3,126 3,712 3,663 6.5 8.0 7.5 8.1 7.7 7.7

25 to 34 years

1,163 1,331 1,308 7.7 9.9 9.3 9.2 8.8 8.6

35 to 44 years

1,025 1,223 1,238 6.5 7.8 7.7 8.6 7.9 8.0

45 to 54 years

937 1,158 1,118 5.4 6.4 5.9 6.6 6.7 6.5

55 years and over(1)

717 851 911 5.3 6.1 6.2 5.8 6.1 6.5

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

2,660 3,059 3,149 5.6 7.5 7.5 7.3 6.6 6.8

Married women, spouse present

1,936 2,177 2,278 5.2 5.9 5.7 5.8 5.8 6.1

Women who maintain families(1)

1,003 1,181 1,112 10.3 12.9 11.4 13.0 12.3 11.6

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(2)

11,082 12,879 13,053 8.8 11.1 11.0 10.9 10.4 10.5

Part-time workers(3)

1,650 1,897 1,828 5.8 6.1 5.6 6.0 6.4 6.2

Footnotes
(1) Not seasonally adjusted.
(2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
Numbers in thousands
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Oct.
2009
Nov.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

9,098 10,574 10,664 7,878 10,261 9,965 9,701 9,323 9,550

On temporary layoff

2,052 2,192 2,100 1,519 1,671 1,548 1,558 1,454 1,558

Not on temporary layoff

7,047 8,382 8,564 6,359 8,590 8,418 8,143 7,869 7,992

Permanent job losers

5,466 6,732 7,129 5,063 6,922 6,920 6,773 6,424 6,666

Persons who completed temporary jobs

1,581 1,650 1,435 1,423 1,569 1,439 1,448 1,445 1,326

Job leavers

841 926 874 820 909 929 932 914 866

Reentrants

2,929 3,625 3,449 2,912 3,461 3,221 3,334 3,585 3,451

New entrants

830 1,022 1,005 1,016 1,114 1,270 1,270 1,235 1,238

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

66.4 65.5 66.7 62.4 65.2 64.8 63.7 61.9 63.2

On temporary layoff

15.0 13.6 13.1 12.0 10.6 10.1 10.2 9.7 10.3

Not on temporary layoff

51.4 51.9 53.6 50.4 54.6 54.7 53.4 52.3 52.9

Job leavers

6.1 5.7 5.5 6.5 5.8 6.0 6.1 6.1 5.7

Reentrants

21.4 22.4 21.6 23.1 22.0 20.9 21.9 23.8 22.8

New entrants

6.1 6.3 6.3 8.0 7.1 8.3 8.3 8.2 8.2

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

5.9 6.9 7.0 5.1 6.7 6.5 6.3 6.1 6.2

Job leavers

0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Reentrants

1.9 2.4 2.3 1.9 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.2

New entrants

0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Numbers in thousands
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Oct.
2009
Nov.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

3,247 3,464 2,607 3,364 3,131 2,774 2,929 3,008 2,748

5 to 14 weeks

4,778 3,698 4,139 3,961 3,671 3,517 3,486 3,362 3,412

15 weeks and over

5,673 8,986 9,245 5,369 8,804 8,976 8,969 8,945 8,829

15 to 26 weeks

2,611 2,563 2,959 2,405 3,184 3,075 2,840 2,632 2,696

27 weeks and over

3,063 6,423 6,286 2,964 5,620 5,901 6,130 6,313 6,133

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

19.9 28.9 29.3 20.0 27.2 28.6 29.1 30.2 29.7

Median duration, in weeks

11.7 18.6 19.6 11.4 19.0 20.2 20.5 19.9 19.4

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

23.7 21.5 16.3 26.5 20.1 18.2 19.0 19.6 18.3

5 to 14 weeks

34.9 22.9 25.9 31.2 23.5 23.0 22.7 22.0 22.8

15 weeks and over

41.4 55.6 57.8 42.3 56.4 58.8 58.3 58.4 58.9

15 to 26 weeks

19.1 15.9 18.5 18.9 20.4 20.1 18.5 17.2 18.0

27 weeks and over

22.4 39.8 39.3 23.4 36.0 38.7 39.8 41.2 40.9

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
Numbers in thousands
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010

Total, 16 years and over(1)

140,105 137,203 13,699 15,991 8.9 10.4

Management, professional, and related occupations

52,196 52,324 2,137 2,637 3.9 4.8

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

21,668 21,573 1,018 1,165 4.5 5.1

Professional and related occupations

30,528 30,752 1,119 1,471 3.5 4.6

Service occupations

24,110 24,133 2,415 2,878 9.1 10.7

Sales and office occupations

34,161 33,118 2,983 3,465 8.0 9.5

Sales and related occupations

15,676 15,081 1,438 1,704 8.4 10.2

Office and administrative support occupations

18,485 18,037 1,545 1,761 7.7 8.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

13,191 12,407 2,845 3,259 17.7 20.8

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

821 856 238 252 22.5 22.7

Construction and extraction occupations

7,328 6,819 2,163 2,457 22.8 26.5

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

5,041 4,732 445 549 8.1 10.4

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

16,448 15,220 2,469 2,720 13.1 15.2

Production occupations

7,868 7,404 1,246 1,343 13.7 15.4

Transportation and material moving occupations

8,580 7,816 1,223 1,377 12.5 15.0

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010

Total, 16 years and over(1)

13,699 15,991 8.9 10.4

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

11,469 13,142 9.6 11.1

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

63 79 7.6 10.7

Construction

2,025 2,440 21.4 27.1

Manufacturing

1,822 1,814 11.5 12.1

Durable goods

1,219 1,276 11.9 13.6

Nondurable goods

603 538 10.8 9.7

Wholesale and retail trade

1,847 2,071 8.9 10.0

Transportation and utilities

563 591 9.1 10.5

Information

224 300 7.1 10.0

Financial activities

637 708 6.7 7.5

Professional and business services

1,512 1,740 10.8 12.0

Education and health services

847 1,200 4.1 5.6

Leisure and hospitality

1,477 1,597 11.4 12.7

Other services

453 603 7.3 9.9

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

251 285 18.8 18.8

Government workers

563 880 2.6 4.0

Self-employed and unpaid family workers

586 680 5.7 6.5

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
Percent
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Oct.
2009
Nov.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010
Feb.
2010

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

3.7 5.9 6.0 3.5 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.8 5.8

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

5.9 6.9 7.0 5.1 6.7 6.5 6.3 6.1 6.2

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

8.9 10.6 10.4 8.2 10.1 10.0 10.0 9.7 9.7

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

9.3 11.2 11.1 8.7 10.6 10.5 10.5 10.3 10.4

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

10.1 12.0 11.9 9.4 11.5 11.3 11.4 11.2 11.1

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

16.0 18.0 17.9 15.0 17.4 17.2 17.3 16.5 16.8

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
Numbers in thousands
Category Total Men Women
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010
Feb.
2009
Feb.
2010

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

81,109 83,804 31,707 33,247 49,401 50,557

Persons who currently want a job

5,588 6,086 2,633 2,974 2,956 3,113

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

2,051 2,527 1,051 1,433 1,000 1,094

Discouraged workers(2)

731 1,204 450 762 281 442

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,320 1,323 601 671 719 652

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

7,676 7,161 3,703 3,454 3,973 3,707

Percent of total employed

5.5 5.2 5.0 4.8 6.0 5.6

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

4,054 3,735 2,107 2,027 1,947 1,708

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

1,886 1,842 628 546 1,258 1,296

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

235 290 154 181 80 108

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,437 1,271 777 684 660 587

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
In thousands
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)
Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)
Change from:
Jan.2010 - Feb.2010(p)

Total nonfarm

131,314 130,448 127,606 128,079 132,823 129,588 129,562 129,526 -36

Total private

108,444 107,623 105,241 105,315 110,254 107,107 107,074 107,056 -18

Goods-producing

18,998 17,871 17,371 17,263 19,559 17,906 17,853 17,793 -60

Mining and logging

732 676 666 671 747 676 680 683 3

Logging

52.9 47.5 46.1 46.4 53.4 46.9 46.8 46.8 0.0

Mining

678.9 628.1 619.4 624.5 693.4 629.4 632.9 636.4 3.5

Oil and gas extraction

163.2 159.7 160.3 159.5 163.9 159.8 159.8 160.1 0.3

Mining, except oil and gas(1)

208.5 204.0 198.0 199.2 220.3 207.7 208.7 210.1 1.4

Coal mining

85.7 79.6 79.4 80.4 85.9 79.2 79.7 80.5 0.8

Support activities for mining

307.2 264.4 261.1 265.8 309.2 261.9 264.4 266.2 1.8

Construction

6,000 5,615 5,254 5,146 6,435 5,696 5,619 5,555 -64

Construction of buildings

1,388.1 1,282.5 1,210.1 1,187.0 1,456.9 1,282.5 1,262.6 1,247.7 -14.9

Residential building

653.1 600.5 558.9 551.7 693.6 599.9 591.4 586.1 -5.3

Nonresidential building

735.0 682.0 651.2 635.3 763.3 682.6 671.2 661.6 -9.6

Heavy and civil engineering construction

799.7 763.3 698.8 687.3 900.8 797.9 796.8 787.8 -9.0

Specialty trade contractors

3,812.2 3,568.9 3,344.8 3,272.0 4,077.7 3,615.1 3,559.7 3,519.5 -40.2

Residential specialty trade contractors

1,602.7 1,538.6 1,453.3 1,438.0 1,730.4 1,567.2 1,560.7 1,555.4 -5.3

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,209.5 2,030.5 1,891.5 1,834.0 2,347.3 2,047.9 1,999.0 1,964.1 -34.9

Manufacturing

12,266 11,580 11,451 11,446 12,377 11,534 11,554 11,555 1

Durable goods

7,647 7,079 7,005 7,002 7,702 7,036 7,055 7,056 1

Wood products

363.1 347.9 338.1 339.2 373.6 348.9 348.5 349.5 1.0

Nonmetallic mineral products

397.0 379.4 365.3 363.1 416.3 383.9 382.1 382.1 0.0

Primary metals

389.6 353.4 354.3 356.8 391.0 351.8 353.4 357.8 4.4

Fabricated metal products

1,389.8 1,277.4 1,265.6 1,262.7 1,395.5 1,266.8 1,266.6 1,269.3 2.7

Machinery

1,102.4 982.0 972.1 973.4 1,105.0 973.2 973.4 975.7 2.3

Computer and electronic products(1)

1,183.1 1,098.5 1,089.3 1,085.7 1,184.9 1,093.3 1,089.1 1,087.2 -1.9

Computer and peripheral equipment

175.4 159.3 158.3 157.2 176.1 158.3 158.0 157.8 -0.2

Communication equipment

125.2 119.3 119.3 120.1 123.9 119.0 118.2 119.0 0.8

Semiconductors and electronic components

399.7 361.9 358.2 357.9 400.7 359.7 358.6 358.5 -0.1

Electronic instruments

428.8 409.6 406.6 404.2 430.0 408.9 407.4 405.7 -1.7

Electrical equipment and appliances

396.3 362.7 362.4 363.1 397.5 361.8 362.4 363.9 1.5

Transportation equipment(1)

1,422.6 1,334.1 1,330.1 1,327.9 1,426.7 1,316.6 1,342.9 1,332.2 -10.7

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

711.3 667.1 666.6 666.6 713.6 652.2 679.0 669.3 -9.7

Furniture and related products

407.9 364.8 356.1 356.4 412.8 363.9 360.6 361.1 0.5

Miscellaneous manufacturing

594.7 579.1 571.6 574.0 598.4 575.6 575.5 576.8 1.3

Nondurable goods

4,619 4,501 4,446 4,444 4,675 4,498 4,499 4,499 0

Food manufacturing

1,426.5 1,459.9 1,423.5 1,422.7 1,455.1 1,455.6 1,450.7 1,453.0 2.3

Beverages and tobacco products

183.8 180.8 177.4 177.3 189.1 183.6 182.5 183.3 0.8

Textile mills

129.4 123.8 121.1 122.9 130.7 124.2 121.4 123.7 2.3

Textile product mills

132.5 123.3 121.5 121.3 133.4 122.1 121.8 122.2 0.4

Apparel

176.0 164.5 165.0 166.6 178.4 166.0 169.1 168.4 -0.7

Leather and allied products

29.8 28.4 28.4 28.2 30.4 28.4 28.5 28.6 0.1

Paper and paper products

416.4 398.3 397.0 396.7 419.2 397.6 398.0 398.5 0.5

Printing and related support activities

545.9 504.3 497.2 495.8 549.7 501.0 499.7 499.4 -0.3

Petroleum and coal products

111.4 108.9 107.8 108.7 115.6 112.3 113.3 113.2 -0.1

Chemicals

817.9 792.0 789.0 785.7 819.6 791.2 790.8 786.9 -3.9

Plastics and rubber products

649.6 616.7 617.9 617.6 654.2 616.4 622.8 622.1 -0.7

Private service-providing

89,446 89,752 87,870 88,052 90,695 89,201 89,221 89,263 42

Trade, transportation, and utilities

24,942 25,251 24,455 24,256 25,330 24,653 24,637 24,623 -14

Wholesale trade

5,661.8 5,581.9 5,502.8 5,494.1 5,710.3 5,564.0 5,547.6 5,546.6 -1.0

Durable goods

2,881.5 2,772.4 2,745.4 2,743.2 2,897.8 2,766.7 2,761.4 2,763.3 1.9

Nondurable goods

1,964.6 1,982.1 1,945.5 1,939.4 1,992.2 1,974.3 1,970.2 1,966.4 -3.8

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

815.7 827.4 811.9 811.5 820.3 823.0 816.0 816.9 0.9

Retail trade

14,433.8 14,871.1 14,304.8 14,136.4 14,722.6 14,360.0 14,401.8 14,401.4 -0.4

Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)

1,650.0 1,611.2 1,590.8 1,593.5 1,676.0 1,624.0 1,622.2 1,618.9 -3.3

Automobile dealers

1,038.9 1,007.0 999.4 1,002.6 1,049.9 1,014.0 1,013.7 1,012.7 -1.0

Furniture and home furnishings stores

459.0 464.9 443.3 434.6 465.4 439.0 439.2 440.8 1.6

Electronics and appliance stores

505.6 499.1 488.0 476.8 511.2 477.2 480.7 480.0 -0.7

Building material and garden supply stores

1,142.1 1,121.5 1,099.1 1,113.7 1,192.0 1,150.0 1,151.7 1,158.7 7.0

Food and beverage stores

2,812.4 2,827.0 2,801.2 2,776.6 2,838.7 2,799.8 2,812.5 2,803.2 -9.3

Health and personal care stores

982.5 996.2 981.4 971.8 988.3 978.7 980.4 977.0 -3.4

Gasoline stations

817.9 820.8 813.4 810.0 828.8 822.5 822.1 821.6 -0.5

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,341.9 1,495.2 1,370.7 1,326.8 1,393.6 1,360.9 1,369.3 1,370.3 1.0

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

613.1 659.5 624.6 606.2 625.5 606.9 611.8 615.4 3.6

General merchandise stores(1)

2,901.2 3,125.1 2,917.6 2,861.3 2,977.1 2,911.8 2,927.2 2,934.3 7.1

Department stores

1,441.0 1,623.1 1,482.1 1,438.7 1,484.7 1,458.7 1,470.2 1,476.4 6.2

Miscellaneous store retailers

789.3 793.6 759.0 756.6 800.5 769.4 770.3 766.4 -3.9

Nonstore retailers

418.8 457.0 415.7 408.5 425.5 419.8 414.4 414.8 0.4

Transportation and warehousing

4,285.1 4,240.1 4,102.3 4,082.4 4,333.0 4,171.8 4,140.7 4,128.7 -12.0

Air transportation

466.2 451.6 451.9 451.9 468.7 453.8 454.9 454.0 -0.9

Rail transportation

226.6 213.7 213.1 213.0 227.4 213.7 213.2 213.1 -0.1

Water transportation

63.2 62.9 61.2 58.4 66.5 63.3 62.6 61.8 -0.8

Truck transportation

1,274.4 1,234.5 1,201.7 1,193.5 1,307.6 1,231.3 1,231.1 1,226.8 -4.3

Transit and ground passenger transportation

434.9 429.0 426.4 426.2 421.9 414.6 416.2 414.3 -1.9

Pipeline transportation

42.0 40.8 41.0 40.7 42.0 40.7 41.1 40.9 -0.2

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

20.5 24.4 20.1 19.6 27.2 28.1 26.8 26.4 -0.4

Support activities for transportation

563.8 542.6 534.4 532.7 565.4 538.5 537.8 534.1 -3.7

Couriers and messengers

551.0 596.7 521.9 518.2 555.9 553.6 524.1 523.3 -0.8

Warehousing and storage

642.5 643.9 630.6 628.2 650.4 634.2 632.9 634.0 1.1

Utilities

561.6 557.6 544.7 543.5 563.6 557.2 547.0 546.2 -0.8

Information

2,866 2,763 2,720 2,717 2,873 2,748 2,744 2,726 -18

Publishing industries, except Internet

827.2 774.5 766.4 761.5 829.2 769.3 770.7 763.4 -7.3

Motion picture and sound recording industries

351.1 344.7 324.4 327.1 354.9 341.7 339.2 332.9 -6.3

Broadcasting, except Internet

308.5 296.4 293.8 293.7 310.1 294.3 294.8 295.0 0.2

Telecommunications

996.2 960.0 953.7 951.1 993.3 956.9 952.8 949.0 -3.8

Data processing, hosting and related services

248.6 250.6 246.0 248.9 251.0 250.2 250.4 251.0 0.6

Other information services

134.7 136.3 135.6 135.1 134.7 135.3 135.7 135.1 -0.6

Financial activities

7,850 7,667 7,600 7,594 7,894 7,657 7,644 7,634 -10

Finance and insurance

5,846.9 5,704.2 5,674.0 5,672.0 5,852.9 5,693.7 5,683.0 5,674.5 -8.5

Monetary authorities - central bank

21.4 21.0 21.1 21.1 21.6 21.1 21.2 21.2 0.0

Credit intermediation and related
activities(1)

2,639.3 2,572.7 2,567.0 2,572.5 2,640.1 2,570.9 2,568.3 2,570.3 2.0

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,776.3 1,752.6 1,752.3 1,751.5 1,777.9 1,750.3 1,750.4 1,752.1 1.7

Commercial banking

1,331.2 1,312.3 1,311.9 1,310.9 1,332.5 1,310.8 1,310.4 1,311.5 1.1

Securities, commodity contracts, investments

831.7 799.6 793.1 791.1 831.9 795.9 793.3 790.8 -2.5

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,265.8 2,224.0 2,206.7 2,201.9 2,270.7 2,219.6 2,214.4 2,206.8 -7.6

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles

88.7 86.9 86.1 85.4 88.6 86.2 85.8 85.4 -0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,002.8 1,962.7 1,925.9 1,921.8 2,041.2 1,963.3 1,961.4 1,959.1 -2.3

Real estate

1,418.5 1,408.6 1,379.7 1,377.0 1,442.0 1,403.5 1,402.7 1,400.3 -2.4

Rental and leasing services

557.8 528.3 521.4 520.2 572.4 534.2 533.5 533.9 0.4

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

26.5 25.8 24.8 24.6 26.8 25.6 25.2 24.9 -0.3

Professional and business services

16,625 16,569 16,215 16,287 16,920 16,488 16,518 16,569 51

Professional and technical services(1)

7,708.8 7,471.5 7,456.5 7,500.5 7,628.6 7,431.5 7,418.5 7,418.5 0.0

Legal services

1,133.1 1,107.5 1,095.4 1,097.8 1,140.9 1,104.5 1,103.9 1,103.8 -0.1

Accounting and bookkeeping services

1,064.0 925.4 1,026.2 1,056.3 925.2 915.8 920.4 916.8 -3.6

Architectural and engineering services

1,355.8 1,291.9 1,267.5 1,262.3 1,374.9 1,291.7 1,283.7 1,281.1 -2.6

Computer systems design and related services

1,428.0 1,435.4 1,430.9 1,439.6 1,431.6 1,428.3 1,435.5 1,443.5 8.0

Management and technical consulting services

989.8 1,005.1 971.1 969.0 999.4 993.3 984.2 980.8 -3.4

Management of companies and enterprises

1,883.6 1,828.4 1,812.0 1,807.9 1,892.0 1,819.8 1,816.2 1,813.5 -2.7

Administrative and waste services

7,032.3 7,269.4 6,946.4 6,978.7 7,399.8 7,236.4 7,283.1 7,336.5 53.4

Administrative and support services(1)

6,688.5 6,922.8 6,605.7 6,640.4 7,049.0 6,888.7 6,937.2 6,989.9 52.7

Employment services(1)

2,460.9 2,659.7 2,475.5 2,520.3 2,636.1 2,575.0 2,632.0 2,681.8 49.8

Temporary help services

1,789.2 1,981.8 1,842.0 1,875.5 1,932.5 1,911.0 1,961.2 2,008.7 47.5

Business support services

833.2 826.7 800.7 798.2 829.6 805.3 801.6 797.0 -4.6

Services to buildings and dwellings

1,607.3 1,654.2 1,561.3 1,564.9 1,775.1 1,725.9 1,719.7 1,729.3 9.6

Waste management and remediation services

343.8 346.6 340.7 338.3 350.8 347.7 345.9 346.6 0.7

Education and health services

19,187 19,520 19,263 19,510 19,085 19,350 19,373 19,405 32

Educational services

3,227.3 3,226.3 3,039.0 3,269.1 3,090.6 3,107.3 3,114.6 3,126.4 11.8

Health care and social assistance

15,960.1 16,294.1 16,224.0 16,240.5 15,993.9 16,242.5 16,258.3 16,278.7 20.4

Health care(3)

13,414.2 13,675.3 13,618.6 13,619.9 13,455.3 13,640.6 13,653.4 13,665.4 12.0

Ambulatory health care services(1)

5,708.6 5,866.4 5,839.5 5,845.1 5,726.8 5,847.2 5,857.2 5,863.9 6.7

Offices of physicians

2,259.2 2,318.5 2,309.6 2,307.0 2,266.1 2,306.5 2,312.3 2,313.2 0.9

Outpatient care centers

539.9 547.4 544.1 544.3 540.1 546.2 545.3 545.3 0.0

Home health care services

994.9 1,053.2 1,045.0 1,044.1 1,000.5 1,051.0 1,050.3 1,050.8 0.5

Hospitals

4,659.6 4,701.2 4,696.0 4,692.5 4,670.7 4,694.4 4,702.1 4,703.4 1.3

Nursing and residential care facilities(1)

3,046.0 3,107.7 3,083.1 3,082.3 3,057.8 3,099.0 3,094.1 3,098.1 4.0

Nursing care facilities

1,626.2 1,653.2 1,637.1 1,634.7 1,632.8 1,648.2 1,642.8 1,643.6 0.8

Social assistance(1)

2,545.9 2,618.8 2,605.4 2,620.6 2,538.6 2,601.9 2,604.9 2,613.3 8.4

Child day care services

873.7 872.5 866.5 874.2 861.2 858.9 858.7 860.6 1.9

Leisure and hospitality

12,616 12,691 12,378 12,429 13,183 12,991 12,991 12,998 7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

1,746.0 1,739.0 1,673.4 1,698.8 1,939.4 1,886.5 1,884.2 1,893.6 9.4

Performing arts and spectator sports

368.2 376.2 350.4 367.7 397.6 391.8 390.2 397.1 6.9

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks

118.5 121.9 117.1 117.1 130.3 129.0 128.7 129.1 0.4

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,259.3 1,240.9 1,205.9 1,214.0 1,411.5 1,365.7 1,365.3 1,367.4 2.1

Accommodation and food services

10,870.1 10,951.5 10,704.6 10,730.0 11,243.7 11,104.5 11,106.8 11,104.5 -2.3

Accommodation

1,714.6 1,683.4 1,642.5 1,649.6 1,790.2 1,733.1 1,725.8 1,723.1 -2.7

Food services and drinking places

9,155.5 9,268.1 9,062.1 9,080.4 9,453.5 9,371.4 9,381.0 9,381.4 0.4

Other services

5,360 5,291 5,239 5,259 5,410 5,314 5,314 5,308 -6

Repair and maintenance

1,161.6 1,131.8 1,123.3 1,124.7 1,172.9 1,139.8 1,137.1 1,134.1 -3.0

Personal and laundry services

1,283.2 1,268.1 1,245.3 1,255.2 1,299.7 1,269.6 1,267.4 1,271.3 3.9

Membership associations and organizations

2,915.3 2,890.9 2,870.8 2,878.9 2,937.3 2,904.4 2,909.5 2,903.0 -6.5

Government

22,870 22,825 22,365 22,764 22,569 22,481 22,488 22,470 -18

Federal

2,772.0 2,816.0 2,834.0 2,835.0 2,792.0 2,824.0 2,851.0 2,858.0 7.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,050.5 2,148.8 2,149.7 2,173.1 2,068.0 2,160.1 2,174.8 2,190.9 16.1

U.S. Postal Service

721.8 667.5 684.6 662.0 724.3 663.7 676.0 667.0 -9.0

State government

5,302.0 5,281.0 5,082.0 5,294.0 5,188.0 5,178.0 5,173.0 5,179.0 6.0

State government education

2,493.5 2,502.3 2,307.7 2,517.2 2,368.7 2,383.7 2,384.0 2,391.0 7.0

State government, excluding education

2,808.9 2,778.9 2,773.9 2,776.8 2,819.2 2,794.5 2,788.9 2,788.1 -0.8

Local government

14,796.0 14,728.0 14,449.0 14,635.0 14,589.0 14,479.0 14,464.0 14,433.0 -31.0

Local government education

8,413.3 8,363.1 8,136.6 8,334.5 8,091.1 8,040.0 8,036.2 8,012.1 -24.1

Local government, excluding education

6,383.1 6,364.7 6,312.4 6,300.3 6,497.4 6,438.9 6,428.2 6,420.5 -7.7

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p = preliminary.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.1 33.8 33.9 33.8

Goods-producing

38.7 38.8 39.1 38.8

Mining and logging

42.9 42.1 42.8 42.6

Construction

37.5 36.9 37.2 36.7

Manufacturing

39.1 39.6 39.9 39.5

Durable goods

39.3 39.7 40.0 39.8

Nondurable goods

38.8 39.3 39.7 39.1

Private service-providing

33.1 32.8 32.9 32.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.3 34.0 34.0 33.9

Wholesale trade

38.2 37.6 37.6 37.6

Retail trade

31.3 31.2 31.2 31.2

Transportation and warehousing

38.3 37.9 37.8 37.6

Utilities

41.9 40.5 40.6 40.6

Information

36.4 36.5 36.6 36.5

Financial activities

36.5 36.7 36.7 36.7

Professional and business services

35.1 35.1 35.3 35.2

Education and health services

33.3 32.7 32.7 32.6

Leisure and hospitality

25.7 25.6 25.6 25.7

Other services

32.3 31.3 31.4 31.4

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

2.3 2.7 2.8 2.6

Durable goods

2.1 2.5 2.6 2.4

Nondurable goods

2.6 2.9 3.0 2.9

p = preliminary.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)
Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)

Total private

$22.05 $22.38 $22.43 $22.46 $751.91 $756.44 $760.38 $759.15

Goods-producing

23.65 23.84 23.93 23.99 915.26 924.99 935.66 930.81

Mining and logging

27.41 26.97 26.97 27.18 1,175.89 1,135.44 1,154.32 1,157.87

Construction

24.62 25.03 25.20 25.30 923.25 923.61 937.44 928.51

Manufacturing

22.92 23.10 23.16 23.20 896.17 914.76 924.08 916.40

Durable goods

24.30 24.65 24.73 24.73 954.99 978.61 989.20 984.25

Nondurable goods

20.62 20.65 20.68 20.77 800.06 811.55 821.00 812.11

Private service-providing

21.65 22.03 22.07 22.10 716.62 722.58 726.10 724.88

Trade, transportation, and utilities

19.18 19.53 19.58 19.62 657.87 664.02 665.72 665.12

Wholesale trade

24.91 25.91 26.10 26.23 951.56 974.22 981.36 986.25

Retail trade

15.34 15.47 15.48 15.48 480.14 482.66 482.98 482.98

Transportation and warehousing

20.38 20.69 20.81 20.85 780.55 784.15 786.62 783.96

Utilities

32.85 32.93 32.69 32.73 1,376.42 1,333.67 1,327.21 1,328.84

Information

28.80 30.03 30.04 30.17 1,048.32 1,096.10 1,099.46 1,101.21

Financial activities

26.27 26.83 26.94 27.01 958.86 984.66 988.70 991.27

Professional and business services

26.80 27.09 27.12 27.21 940.68 950.86 957.34 957.79

Education and health services

22.38 22.55 22.54 22.52 745.25 737.39 737.06 734.15

Leisure and hospitality

12.86 13.10 13.08 13.07 330.50 335.36 334.85 335.90

Other services

18.93 20.04 20.06 20.07 611.44 627.25 629.88 630.20

p = preliminary.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
2007=100
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)
Percent change from:
Jan.
2010 - Feb.
2010(p)
Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)
Percent change from:
Jan.
2010 - Feb.
2010(p)

Total private

94.2 90.7 91.0 90.7 -0.3 99.1 96.8 97.3 97.1 -0.2

Goods-producing

86.2 79.2 79.5 78.7 -1.0 92.2 85.3 86.0 85.3 -0.8

Mining and logging

100.7 89.4 91.5 91.4 -0.1 110.8 96.8 99.0 99.8 0.8

Construction

83.2 72.4 72.0 70.3 -2.4 89.0 78.8 78.9 77.2 -2.2

Manufacturing

87.1 82.2 82.9 82.1 -1.0 92.8 88.3 89.3 88.6 -0.8

Durable goods

85.2 78.6 79.5 79.1 -0.5 92.0 86.1 87.3 86.8 -0.6

Nondurable goods

90.5 88.2 89.2 87.8 -1.6 94.7 92.4 93.5 92.5 -1.1

Private service-providing

96.4 94.0 94.3 94.0 -0.3 101.1 100.3 100.8 100.7 -0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

94.4 91.1 91.0 90.7 -0.3 97.5 95.8 95.9 95.8 -0.1

Wholesale trade

95.2 91.3 91.0 91.0 0.0 98.9 98.7 99.1 99.6 0.5

Retail trade

93.6 91.0 91.2 91.2 0.0 94.9 93.1 93.4 93.4 0.0

Transportation and warehousing

95.0 90.5 89.6 88.8 -0.9 98.2 95.0 94.6 94.0 -0.6

Utilities

102.1 97.6 96.1 95.9 -0.2 110.9 106.2 103.8 103.7 -0.1

Information

95.5 91.6 91.7 90.9 -0.9 97.9 97.9 98.1 97.6 -0.5

Financial activities

94.9 92.6 92.4 92.3 -0.1 97.4 97.0 97.2 97.3 0.1

Professional and business services

93.4 91.0 91.7 91.7 0.0 101.4 99.9 100.8 101.1 0.3

Education and health services

103.4 103.0 103.1 103.0 -0.1 108.4 108.8 108.9 108.6 -0.3

Leisure and hospitality

96.7 94.9 94.9 95.3 0.4 100.3 100.3 100.1 100.5 0.4

Other services

96.8 92.2 92.5 92.3 -0.2 104.0 104.8 105.2 105.2 0.0

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p = preliminary.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)
Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)

Total nonfarm

65,913 64,666 64,671 64,636 49.6 49.9 49.9 49.9

Total private

52,962 51,842 51,851 51,823 48.0 48.4 48.4 48.4

Goods-producing

4,486 4,150 4,145 4,142 22.9 23.2 23.2 23.3

Mining and logging

101 98 98 98 13.5 14.5 14.4 14.3

Construction

846 759 749 746 13.1 13.3 13.3 13.4

Manufacturing

3,539 3,293 3,298 3,298 28.6 28.6 28.5 28.5

Durable goods

1,911 1,739 1,742 1,741 24.8 24.7 24.7 24.7

Nondurable goods

1,628 1,554 1,556 1,557 34.8 34.5 34.6 34.6

Private service-providing

48,476 47,692 47,706 47,681 53.4 53.5 53.5 53.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

10,428 10,062 10,066 10,053 41.2 40.8 40.9 40.8

Wholesale trade

1,751.7 1,684.8 1,674.7 1,673.2 30.7 30.3 30.2 30.2

Retail trade

7,476.9 7,232.6 7,256.0 7,251.5 50.8 50.4 50.4 50.4

Transportation and warehousing

1,054.2 1,006.1 998.2 992.0 24.3 24.1 24.1 24.0

Utilities

145.0 138.3 136.7 136.3 25.7 24.8 25.0 25.0

Information

1,211 1,133 1,126 1,117 42.2 41.2 41.0 41.0

Financial activities

4,676 4,533 4,523 4,514 59.2 59.2 59.2 59.1

Professional and business services

7,621 7,389 7,408 7,405 45.0 44.8 44.8 44.7

Education and health services

14,774 14,956 14,969 14,978 77.4 77.3 77.3 77.2

Leisure and hospitality

6,930 6,823 6,814 6,815 52.6 52.5 52.5 52.4

Other services

2,836 2,796 2,800 2,799 52.4 52.6 52.7 52.7

Government

12,951 12,824 12,820 12,813 57.4 57.0 57.0 57.0

p = preliminary.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
In thousands
Industry Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)

Total private

90,847 88,239 88,249 88,227

Goods-producing

14,225 12,886 12,884 12,832

Mining and logging

561 490 497 499

Construction

4,930 4,307 4,278 4,224

Manufacturing

8,734 8,089 8,109 8,109

Durable goods

5,312 4,801 4,821 4,819

Nondurable goods

3,422 3,288 3,288 3,290

Private service-providing

76,622 75,353 75,365 75,395

Trade, transportation, and utilities

21,501 20,876 20,859 20,858

Wholesale trade

4,619.3 4,470.8 4,463.2 4,460.9

Retail trade

12,653.2 12,329.1 12,368.7 12,378.3

Transportation and warehousing

3,774.3 3,630.7 3,593.0 3,586.2

Utilities

454.6 445.0 434.3 432.7

Information

2,301 2,192 2,188 2,183

Financial activities

6,101 5,937 5,918 5,910

Professional and business services

13,807 13,463 13,510 13,546

Education and health services

16,739 16,971 16,984 17,005

Leisure and hospitality

11,655 11,464 11,462 11,457

Other services

4,518 4,450 4,444 4,436

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p = preliminary.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.2 33.2 33.3 33.1

Goods-producing

39.2 39.6 39.9 39.3

Mining and logging

44.0 43.4 44.3 43.8

Construction

38.0 37.5 37.8 36.8

Manufacturing

39.5 40.5 40.7 40.3

Durable goods

39.6 40.6 40.8 40.4

Nondurable goods

39.5 40.4 40.7 40.0

Private service-providing

32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

32.9 32.9 33.0 33.0

Wholesale trade

37.9 37.6 37.7 37.6

Retail trade

29.8 30.0 30.0 30.0

Transportation and warehousing

35.9 36.2 36.5 36.4

Utilities

43.1 41.4 41.3 41.4

Information

36.8 36.5 36.6 36.5

Financial activities

36.1 35.9 36.1 35.9

Professional and business services

34.8 34.8 34.9 34.8

Education and health services

32.2 32.3 32.3 32.2

Leisure and hospitality

24.9 24.8 24.8 24.8

Other services

30.6 30.5 30.7 30.6

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

2.7 3.4 3.5 3.4

Durable goods

2.5 3.3 3.4 3.3

Nondurable goods

3.1 3.6 3.7 3.6

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p = preliminary.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)
Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)

Total private

$18.47 $18.85 $18.90 $18.93 $613.20 $625.82 $629.37 $626.58

Goods-producing

19.78 20.04 20.11 20.16 775.38 793.58 802.39 792.29

Mining and logging

23.15 23.47 23.30 23.67 1,018.60 1,018.60 1,032.19 1,036.75

Construction

22.46 22.95 23.09 23.20 853.48 860.63 872.80 853.76

Manufacturing

18.09 18.38 18.44 18.48 714.56 744.39 750.51 744.74

Durable goods

19.12 19.57 19.64 19.69 757.15 794.54 801.31 795.48

Nondurable goods

16.48 16.64 16.67 16.70 650.96 672.26 678.47 668.00

Private service-providing

18.17 18.60 18.65 18.67 583.26 597.06 598.67 599.31

Trade, transportation, and utilities

16.38 16.73 16.77 16.77 538.90 550.42 553.41 553.41

Wholesale trade

20.50 21.35 21.48 21.50 776.95 802.76 809.80 808.40

Retail trade

12.94 13.16 13.17 13.19 385.61 394.80 395.10 395.70

Transportation and warehousing

18.70 19.00 19.14 19.07 671.33 687.80 698.61 694.15

Utilities

29.64 29.91 29.83 29.96 1,277.48 1,238.27 1,231.98 1,240.34

Information

25.13 25.64 25.63 25.76 924.78 935.86 938.06 940.24

Financial activities

20.59 21.11 21.34 21.26 743.30 757.85 770.37 763.23

Professional and business services

22.11 22.58 22.63 22.70 769.43 785.78 789.79 789.96

Education and health services

19.25 19.76 19.77 19.82 619.85 638.25 638.57 638.20

Leisure and hospitality

10.99 11.27 11.26 11.27 273.65 279.50 279.25 279.50

Other services

16.39 16.85 16.87 16.92 501.53 513.93 517.91 517.75

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p = preliminary.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
2002=100
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)
Percent change from:
Jan.
2010 - Feb.
2010(p)
Feb.
2009
Dec.
2009
Jan.
2010(p)
Feb.
2010(p)
Percent change from:
Jan.
2010 - Feb.
2010(p)

Total private

100.8 97.9 98.2 97.6 -0.6 124.4 123.3 124.0 123.4 -0.5

Goods-producing

85.2 78.0 78.6 77.1 -1.9 103.2 95.7 96.7 95.1 -1.7

Mining and logging

131.2 113.0 117.0 116.1 -0.8 176.6 154.3 158.5 159.9 0.9

Construction

93.8 80.9 81.0 77.8 -4.0 113.8 100.2 100.9 97.5 -3.4

Manufacturing

79.2 75.2 75.7 75.0 -0.9 93.7 90.4 91.3 90.6 -0.8

Durable goods

79.0 73.2 73.9 73.1 -1.1 94.3 89.5 90.6 89.9 -0.8

Nondurable goods

79.6 78.3 78.8 77.5 -1.6 92.7 92.0 92.9 91.5 -1.5

Private service-providing

105.2 103.4 103.4 103.5 0.1 131.0 131.9 132.3 132.5 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

98.6 95.7 96.0 96.0 0.0 115.2 114.3 114.8 114.8 0.0

Wholesale trade

103.1 99.0 99.1 98.8 -0.3 124.5 124.5 125.4 125.1 -0.2

Retail trade

95.4 93.6 93.9 94.0 0.1 105.9 105.6 106.0 106.3 0.3

Transportation and warehousing

102.0 98.9 98.7 98.3 -0.4 121.0 119.2 119.9 118.9 -0.8

Utilities

100.2 94.2 91.7 91.6 -0.1 124.0 117.6 114.2 114.6 0.4

Information

96.7 91.3 91.4 91.0 -0.4 120.3 115.9 116.0 116.0 0.0

Financial activities

105.4 102.0 102.2 101.5 -0.7 134.2 133.1 134.9 133.5 -1.0

Professional and business services

107.7 105.0 105.7 105.6 -0.1 141.7 141.1 142.3 142.7 0.3

Education and health services

116.3 118.2 118.3 118.1 -0.2 147.1 153.6 153.8 153.9 0.1

Leisure and hospitality

106.4 104.2 104.2 104.1 -0.1 132.8 133.4 133.2 133.3 0.1

Other services

97.0 95.2 95.7 95.2 -0.5 115.8 116.9 117.6 117.4 -0.2

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p = preliminary.


Last Modified Date: March 05, 2010