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Economic News Release
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CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until		USDL-21-0365
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, March 5, 2021

Technical information: 
 Household data:	cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:	cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


			THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- FEBRUARY 2021


Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 379,000 in February, and the unemployment rate 
was little changed at 6.2 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. 
The labor market continued to reflect the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.
In February, most of the job gains occurred in leisure and hospitality, with smaller 
gains in temporary help services, health care and social assistance, retail trade, and
manufacturing. Employment declined in state and local government education, construction,
and mining. 

 _______________________________________________________________________________________
|											|
|		 Effect of Severe Winter Storms on Employment Estimates			|
|											|
| Severe winter weather occurred in much of the country during the February reference 	|
| periods for the establishment and household surveys. For information on how weather 	|
| can affect data on employment and hours, see Question 8 in the Frequently Asked 	|
| Questions section of this news release.						|
|_______________________________________________________________________________________|


This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey 
measures labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The
establishment survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For
more information about the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two 
surveys, see the Technical Note.

Household Survey Data

Both the unemployment rate, at 6.2 percent, and the number of unemployed persons, at 
10.0 million, changed little in February. Although both measures are much lower than 
their April 2020 highs, they remain well above their pre-pandemic levels in February 2020
(3.5 percent and 5.7 million, respectively). (See table A-1. See the box note at the end
of this news release for more information about how the household survey and its measures
were affected by the coronavirus pandemic.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for Asians declined to 5.1 percent
in February. The rates for adult men (6.0 percent), adult women (5.9 percent), teenagers
(13.9 percent), Whites (5.6 percent), Blacks (9.9 percent), and Hispanics (8.5 percent)
showed little or no change. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of persons on temporary layoff fell by 517,000 in 
February to 2.2 million. This measure is 1.5 million higher than the level a year 
earlier but is down considerably from the recent high of 18.0 million in April 2020. The
number of permanent job losers, at 3.5 million, was essentially unchanged in February 
but is 2.2 million higher than a year earlier. (See table A-11.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more), at 4.1 million,
changed little over the month but is up by 3.0 million over the year. In February, these
long-term unemployed accounted for 41.5 percent of the total unemployed. The number of 
persons jobless less than 5 weeks, at 2.2 million, also changed little over the month. 
(See table A-12.)

The labor force participation rate remained at 61.4 percent in February. This measure is
1.9 percentage points lower than the value a year earlier. The employment-population 
ratio, at 57.6 percent, changed little over the month but is down by 3.5 percentage 
points over the year. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons, at 6.1 million, changed 
little in February but is up by 1.7 million over the year. These individuals, who would 
have preferred full-time employment, were working part time because their hours had been
reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-8.)

In February, the number of persons not in the labor force who currently want a job was 
6.9 million, little changed over the month but up by 1.9 million over the year. These 
individuals were not counted as unemployed because they were not actively looking for 
work during the last 4 weeks or were unavailable to take a job. (See table A-1.)

Among those not in the labor force who currently want a job, the number of persons 
marginally attached to the labor force, at 1.9 million, was essentially unchanged in 
February but is up by 453,000 over the year. These individuals wanted and were available
for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months but had not looked for
work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. The number of discouraged workers, a subset of
the marginally attached who believed that no jobs were available for them, was 522,000 
in February, little changed from the previous month but up by 121,000 over the year. 
(See Summary table A.)

Household Survey Supplemental Data

In February, 22.7 percent of employed persons teleworked because of the coronavirus 
pandemic, down from 23.2 percent in January. These data refer to employed persons who 
teleworked or worked at home for pay at some point in the last 4 weeks specifically 
because of the pandemic.

In February, 13.3 million persons reported that they had been unable to work because 
their employer closed or lost business due to the pandemic--that is, they did not work 
at all or worked fewer hours at some point in the last 4 weeks due to the pandemic. 
This measure is down from 14.8 million in January. Among those who reported in February
that they were unable to work because of pandemic-related closures or lost business, 
10.5 percent received at least some pay from their employer for the hours not worked, 
down from 12.7 percent in January.

Among those not in the labor force in February, 4.2 million persons were prevented from
looking for work due to the pandemic. This measure is down from 4.7 million in January.
(To be counted as unemployed, by definition, individuals must be either actively looking
for work or on temporary layoff.)

These supplemental data come from questions added to the household survey beginning in 
May 2020 to help gauge the effects of the pandemic on the labor market. The data are not
seasonally adjusted. Tables with estimates from the supplemental questions for all 
months are available online at 
www.bls.gov/cps/effects-of-the-coronavirus-covid-19-pandemic.htm.

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 379,000 in February but is down by 9.5 
million, or 6.2 percent, from its pre-pandemic level in February 2020. In February of 
this year, most of the job gains occurred in leisure and hospitality, with smaller gains
in temporary help services, health care and social assistance, retail trade, and 
manufacturing. Employment declined in state and local government education, construction,
and mining. (See table B-1. See the box note at the end of this news release for more 
information about how the establishment survey and its measures were affected by the 
coronavirus pandemic.)

In February, employment in leisure and hospitality increased by 355,000, as pandemic-
related restrictions eased in some parts of the country. About four-fifths of the 
increase was in food services and drinking places (+286,000). Employment also rose in 
accommodation (+36,000) and in amusements, gambling, and recreation (+33,000). 
Employment in leisure and hospitality is down over the year by 3.5 million, or 20.4
percent.

Within professional and business services, temporary help services added 53,000 jobs in
February but is down by 175,000 from a year ago. 

Employment in health care and social assistance increased by 46,000 in February. Health
care employment was little changed over the month (+20,000), following a large decline
in the prior month (-85,000). In February, job gains in ambulatory health care services
(+29,000) were partially offset by losses in nursing care facilities (-12,000). 
Employment in social assistance rose by 26,000, mostly in individual and family 
services (+18,000). Employment in health care and social assistance is down by 909,000
over the year.

Retail trade added 41,000 jobs in February. Job growth was widespread in the industry, 
with the largest gains occurring in general merchandise stores (+14,000), health and 
personal care stores (+12,000), and food and beverage stores (+10,000). These gains were
partially offset by a loss in clothing and clothing accessories stores (-20,000). 
Following steep job losses in March and April of 2020 (-2.4 million jobs over the 2 
months combined), retail trade has added 2.0 million jobs from May through February. 

Manufacturing employment increased by 21,000 over the month, led by a gain in 
transportation equipment (+10,000). Employment in manufacturing is down by 561,000 over 
the year.

In February, employment declined in local government education (-37,000) and state 
government education (-32,000). For both industries, February losses partially offset
gains in January. Pandemic-related employment declines in 2020 distorted the normal 
seasonal buildup and layoff patterns in the education sector, making it more challenging
to discern the current employment trends in these industries.

Employment in construction fell by 61,000 in February, largely reflecting declines in 
nonresidential specialty trade contractors (-37,000) and heavy and civil engineering 
construction (-21,000). Severe winter weather across much of the country may have held 
down employment in construction. Employment in the industry is 308,000 below its level a
year earlier.

Mining shed 8,000 jobs in February, with losses occurring in support activities for
mining (-6,000) and in oil and gas extraction (-2,000). Mining has lost 153,000 jobs 
since an employment peak in January 2019, though nearly two-thirds of the loss has 
occurred over the past year.

In February, employment changed little in other major industries, including wholesale 
trade, transportation and warehousing, information, financial activities, and other 
services. 

In February, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls 
increased by 7 cents to $30.01. Average hourly earnings for private-sector production 
and nonsupervisory employees, at $25.19, changed little (+4 cents). The large employment
fluctuations over the past year--especially in industries with lower-paid workers--
complicate the analysis of recent trends in average hourly earnings. (See tables B-3 and
B-8.)

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls declined by 0.3 hour 
to 34.6 hours in February. In manufacturing, the workweek declined by 0.2 hour to 40.2 
hours, and overtime declined by 0.1 hour to 3.1 hours. The average workweek for 
production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls declined by 0.4 hour 
to 34.0 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for December was revised down by 79,000, 
from -227,000 to -306,000, and the change for January was revised up by 117,000, from 
+49,000 to +166,000. With these revisions, employment in December and January combined 
was 38,000 higher than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional 
reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published 
estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.)

____________
The Employment Situation for March is scheduled to be released on Friday, April 2, 2021,
at 8:30 a.m. (ET).


 _______________________________________________________________________________________
|											|
|                    Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact on February 2021                     |
|			Household and Establishment Survey Data				|
|											|
| Data collection for both surveys was affected by the pandemic. In the establishment 	|
| survey, more data continued to be collected by web than in months prior to the 	|
| pandemic. In the household survey, for the safety of both interviewers and 		|
| respondents, in-person interviews were conducted only when telephone interviews could |
| not be done.  									|
|											|
| As in previous months, some workers affected by the pandemic who should have been 	|
| classified as unemployed on temporary layoff were instead misclassified as employed 	|
| but not at work. However, the share of responses that may have been misclassified was |
| highest in the early months of the pandemic and has been considerably lower in recent |
| months. Since March 2020, BLS has published an estimate of what the unemployment rate |
| might have been had misclassified workers been included among the unemployed. 	|
| Repeating this same approach, the seasonally adjusted February unemployment rate 	|
| would have been 0.5 percentage point higher than reported. However, this represents 	|
| the upper bound of our estimate of misclassification and probably overstates the size |
| of the misclassification error. 							|
| 											|
| More information about the impact of the pandemic on the two surveys is available at  |
| www.bls.gov/covid19/employment-situation-covid19-faq-february-2021.htm. 		|
|_______________________________________________________________________________________|




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021
Change from:
Jan.
2021-
Feb.
2021

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

259,628 261,230 260,851 260,918 67

Civilian labor force

164,448 160,567 160,161 160,211 50

Participation rate

63.3 61.5 61.4 61.4 0.0

Employed

158,732 149,830 150,031 150,239 208

Employment-population ratio

61.1 57.4 57.5 57.6 0.1

Unemployed

5,717 10,736 10,130 9,972 -158

Unemployment rate

3.5 6.7 6.3 6.2 -0.1

Not in labor force

95,180 100,663 100,690 100,708 18

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

3.5 6.7 6.3 6.2 -0.1

Adult men (20 years and over)

3.2 6.4 6.0 6.0 0.0

Adult women (20 years and over)

3.1 6.3 6.0 5.9 -0.1

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

11.5 16.0 14.8 13.9 -0.9

White

3.0 6.0 5.7 5.6 -0.1

Black or African American

6.0 9.9 9.2 9.9 0.7

Asian

2.4 5.9 6.6 5.1 -1.5

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

4.4 9.3 8.6 8.5 -0.1

Total, 25 years and over

2.9 5.8 5.7 5.6 -0.1

Less than a high school diploma

5.8 9.8 9.1 10.1 1.0

High school graduates, no college

3.5 7.8 7.1 7.2 0.1

Some college or associate degree

3.0 6.3 6.2 5.9 -0.3

Bachelor's degree and higher

1.9 3.8 4.0 3.8 -0.2

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

2,686 7,210 6,997 6,586 -411

Job leavers

766 743 653 701 48

Reentrants

1,798 2,250 1,963 2,124 161

New entrants

512 509 542 582 40

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,082 2,904 2,278 2,185 -93

5 to 14 weeks

1,753 2,222 2,528 2,254 -274

15 to 26 weeks

817 1,572 1,346 1,407 61

27 weeks and over

1,111 3,956 4,023 4,148 125

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

4,398 6,170 5,954 6,088 134

Slack work or business conditions

2,833 4,891 4,756 4,723 -33

Could only find part-time work

1,340 1,045 986 1,166 180

Part time for noneconomic reasons

22,231 18,237 18,519 18,369 -150

Persons not in the labor force

Marginally attached to the labor force

1,437 2,186 1,917 1,890 -27

Discouraged workers

401 663 624 522 -102

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

289 -306 166 379

Total private

243 -274 90 465

Goods-producing

41 82 -13 -48

Mining and logging

1 0 0 -8

Construction

33 47 1 -61

Manufacturing

7 35 -14 21

Durable goods(1)

5 18 -15 17

Motor vehicles and parts

10.3 3.9 -5.7 0.1

Nondurable goods

2 17 1 4

Private service-providing

202 -356 103 513

Wholesale trade

-5.9 14.8 13.9 3.6

Retail trade

4.6 30.1 46.3 41.1

Transportation and warehousing

25.0 -43.2 -14.1 4.4

Utilities

-0.2 -1.0 0.7 -0.4

Information

4 9 10 -3

Financial activities

26 18 1 -5

Professional and business services(1)

32 159 85 63

Temporary help services

-4.9 62.1 96.4 52.7

Education and health services(1)

52 -29 -26 44

Health care and social assistance

59.6 38.9 -96.2 45.6

Leisure and hospitality

57 -498 -25 355

Other services

7 -16 12 10

Government

46 -32 76 -86

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

255 213 41 80

Total private

215 346 58 94

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)

Total nonfarm women employees

50.0 49.7 49.8 49.8

Total private women employees

48.7 48.3 48.4 48.4

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.2 81.5 81.4 81.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.4 34.7 34.9 34.6

Average hourly earnings

$28.51 $29.91 $29.94 $30.01

Average weekly earnings

$980.74 $1,037.88 $1,044.91 $1,038.35

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

112.0 105.4 106.1 105.6

Over-the-month percent change

0.4 -0.6 0.7 -0.5

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

152.7 150.8 151.9 151.5

Over-the-month percent change

0.8 0.5 0.7 -0.3

DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)(5)

Total private (257 industries)

55.1 61.7 48.4 57.0

Manufacturing (75 industries)

43.3 70.0 44.7 59.3

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 144,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 697,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll jobs.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during
the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or 
more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and
duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component
series, and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted
total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 110,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-60,000 to +160,000 (50,000 +/- 110,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.2 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.3 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Feb.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

259,628 260,851 260,918 259,628 260,925 261,085 261,230 260,851 260,918

Civilian labor force

164,235 159,234 160,008 164,448 160,718 160,536 160,567 160,161 160,211

Participation rate

63.3 61.0 61.3 63.3 61.6 61.5 61.5 61.4 61.4

Employed

158,017 148,383 149,522 158,732 149,669 149,809 149,830 150,031 150,239

Employment-population ratio

60.9 56.9 57.3 61.1 57.4 57.4 57.4 57.5 57.6

Unemployed

6,218 10,851 10,486 5,717 11,049 10,728 10,736 10,130 9,972

Unemployment rate

3.8 6.8 6.6 3.5 6.9 6.7 6.7 6.3 6.2

Not in labor force

95,393 101,618 100,910 95,180 100,207 100,548 100,663 100,690 100,708

Persons who currently want a job

4,973 7,129 6,902 5,010 6,682 7,127 7,331 6,957 6,933

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

125,575 126,192 126,224 125,575 126,218 126,296 126,367 126,192 126,224

Civilian labor force

86,597 84,537 84,754 86,914 85,495 85,161 85,175 85,149 85,061

Participation rate

69.0 67.0 67.1 69.2 67.7 67.4 67.4 67.5 67.4

Employed

83,047 78,535 78,855 83,867 79,537 79,267 79,481 79,714 79,666

Employment-population ratio

66.1 62.2 62.5 66.8 63.0 62.8 62.9 63.2 63.1

Unemployed

3,549 6,003 5,899 3,048 5,958 5,894 5,694 5,434 5,395

Unemployment rate

4.1 7.1 7.0 3.5 7.0 6.9 6.7 6.4 6.3

Not in labor force

38,979 41,655 41,470 38,661 40,722 41,135 41,192 41,043 41,163

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

117,181 117,864 117,902 117,181 117,854 117,936 118,010 117,864 117,902

Civilian labor force

83,804 81,801 81,978 83,930 82,505 82,226 82,244 82,173 82,095

Participation rate

71.5 69.4 69.5 71.6 70.0 69.7 69.7 69.7 69.6

Employed

80,592 76,239 76,568 81,235 77,013 76,777 77,004 77,204 77,193

Employment-population ratio

68.8 64.7 64.9 69.3 65.3 65.1 65.3 65.5 65.5

Unemployed

3,212 5,562 5,410 2,695 5,492 5,449 5,240 4,969 4,902

Unemployment rate

3.8 6.8 6.6 3.2 6.7 6.6 6.4 6.0 6.0

Not in labor force

33,377 36,063 35,924 33,251 35,349 35,710 35,767 35,691 35,807

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

134,053 134,660 134,694 134,053 134,707 134,788 134,862 134,660 134,694

Civilian labor force

77,638 74,696 75,254 77,534 75,222 75,376 75,392 75,012 75,149

Participation rate

57.9 55.5 55.9 57.8 55.8 55.9 55.9 55.7 55.8

Employed

74,970 69,848 70,667 74,865 70,131 70,542 70,350 70,316 70,572

Employment-population ratio

55.9 51.9 52.5 55.8 52.1 52.3 52.2 52.2 52.4

Unemployed

2,668 4,848 4,587 2,669 5,091 4,834 5,042 4,696 4,577

Unemployment rate

3.4 6.5 6.1 3.4 6.8 6.4 6.7 6.3 6.1

Not in labor force

56,415 59,963 59,440 56,519 59,485 59,413 59,471 59,648 59,545

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

125,841 126,507 126,546 125,841 126,520 126,604 126,681 126,507 126,546

Civilian labor force

74,768 71,975 72,445 74,501 72,255 72,395 72,422 72,147 72,173

Participation rate

59.4 56.9 57.2 59.2 57.1 57.2 57.2 57.0 57.0

Employed

72,413 67,538 68,163 72,171 67,534 67,941 67,872 67,851 67,928

Employment-population ratio

57.5 53.4 53.9 57.4 53.4 53.7 53.6 53.6 53.7

Unemployed

2,355 4,437 4,283 2,330 4,721 4,453 4,551 4,296 4,245

Unemployment rate

3.1 6.2 5.9 3.1 6.5 6.2 6.3 6.0 5.9

Not in labor force

51,073 54,532 54,101 51,341 54,265 54,209 54,259 54,360 54,373

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,606 16,481 16,470 16,606 16,551 16,545 16,538 16,481 16,470

Civilian labor force

5,663 5,458 5,585 6,017 5,958 5,915 5,900 5,841 5,942

Participation rate

34.1 33.1 33.9 36.2 36.0 35.8 35.7 35.4 36.1

Employed

5,012 4,606 4,792 5,326 5,122 5,091 4,955 4,975 5,118

Employment-population ratio

30.2 27.9 29.1 32.1 30.9 30.8 30.0 30.2 31.1

Unemployed

651 852 793 691 836 825 946 865 825

Unemployment rate

11.5 15.6 14.2 11.5 14.0 13.9 16.0 14.8 13.9

Not in labor force

10,943 11,023 10,885 10,588 10,593 10,630 10,638 10,640 10,528

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Feb.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

200,968 201,588 201,606 200,968 201,610 201,685 201,749 201,588 201,606

Civilian labor force

126,954 123,054 123,680 127,019 124,672 124,038 124,208 123,727 123,737

Participation rate

63.2 61.0 61.3 63.2 61.8 61.5 61.6 61.4 61.4

Employed

122,669 115,454 116,369 123,149 117,146 116,665 116,703 116,699 116,859

Employment-population ratio

61.0 57.3 57.7 61.3 58.1 57.8 57.8 57.9 58.0

Unemployed

4,285 7,601 7,312 3,869 7,525 7,373 7,505 7,027 6,878

Unemployment rate

3.4 6.2 5.9 3.0 6.0 5.9 6.0 5.7 5.6

Not in labor force

74,014 78,534 77,926 73,949 76,939 77,647 77,541 77,862 77,869

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

66,057 64,287 64,441 66,029 65,123 64,648 64,593 64,550 64,434

Participation rate

71.7 69.5 69.7 71.7 70.4 69.9 69.8 69.8 69.7

Employed

63,767 60,252 60,565 64,175 61,314 60,844 60,872 60,988 60,989

Employment-population ratio

69.2 65.2 65.5 69.7 66.3 65.8 65.8 66.0 66.0

Unemployed

2,290 4,035 3,875 1,854 3,808 3,804 3,721 3,561 3,446

Unemployment rate

3.5 6.3 6.0 2.8 5.8 5.9 5.8 5.5 5.3

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

56,477 54,489 54,824 56,264 54,866 54,717 54,980 54,529 54,599

Participation rate

58.4 56.1 56.5 58.2 56.5 56.4 56.6 56.2 56.3

Employed

54,914 51,581 51,985 54,711 51,761 51,765 51,871 51,739 51,782

Employment-population ratio

56.8 53.2 53.6 56.6 53.3 53.3 53.4 53.3 53.4

Unemployed

1,563 2,908 2,838 1,553 3,105 2,953 3,109 2,790 2,817

Unemployment rate

2.8 5.3 5.2 2.8 5.7 5.4 5.7 5.1 5.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

4,420 4,278 4,416 4,726 4,683 4,673 4,635 4,648 4,704

Participation rate

36.3 35.4 36.5 38.8 38.6 38.5 38.2 38.4 38.9

Employed

3,988 3,620 3,818 4,263 4,071 4,056 3,960 3,972 4,088

Employment-population ratio

32.7 29.9 31.6 35.0 33.5 33.4 32.7 32.8 33.8

Unemployed

432 657 598 462 612 616 675 676 616

Unemployment rate

9.8 15.4 13.5 9.8 13.1 13.2 14.6 14.5 13.1

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

33,211 33,493 33,511 33,211 33,453 33,486 33,516 33,493 33,511

Civilian labor force

20,833 20,087 20,041 20,950 20,123 20,165 20,055 20,189 20,154

Participation rate

62.7 60.0 59.8 63.1 60.2 60.2 59.8 60.3 60.1

Employed

19,530 18,124 17,989 19,699 17,955 18,087 18,061 18,323 18,159

Employment-population ratio

58.8 54.1 53.7 59.3 53.7 54.0 53.9 54.7 54.2

Unemployed

1,303 1,963 2,052 1,251 2,169 2,077 1,994 1,866 1,995

Unemployment rate

6.3 9.8 10.2 6.0 10.8 10.3 9.9 9.2 9.9

Not in labor force

12,379 13,406 13,470 12,262 13,330 13,321 13,461 13,305 13,357

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,408 9,281 9,278 9,479 9,224 9,217 9,222 9,348 9,340

Participation rate

67.3 65.6 65.6 67.8 65.4 65.2 65.2 66.1 66.0

Employed

8,779 8,346 8,261 8,910 8,166 8,184 8,265 8,468 8,383

Employment-population ratio

62.8 59.0 58.4 63.7 57.9 57.9 58.4 59.9 59.2

Unemployed

629 935 1,017 568 1,058 1,033 956 880 957

Unemployment rate

6.7 10.1 11.0 6.0 11.5 11.2 10.4 9.4 10.2

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,726 10,152 10,120 10,733 10,169 10,242 10,088 10,138 10,127

Participation rate

63.9 59.9 59.7 63.9 60.1 60.4 59.5 59.8 59.7

Employed

10,194 9,236 9,201 10,211 9,230 9,320 9,238 9,274 9,225

Employment-population ratio

60.7 54.5 54.2 60.8 54.5 55.0 54.5 54.7 54.4

Unemployed

532 915 919 522 939 921 849 864 902

Unemployment rate

5.0 9.0 9.1 4.9 9.2 9.0 8.4 8.5 8.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

698 654 643 738 731 706 746 703 687

Participation rate

28.7 27.3 26.8 30.3 30.3 29.3 31.0 29.3 28.7

Employed

556 542 527 578 559 583 558 581 551

Employment-population ratio

22.9 22.6 22.0 23.7 23.2 24.2 23.2 24.2 23.0

Unemployed

142 113 116 160 172 123 188 122 136

Unemployment rate

20.3 17.2 18.0 21.7 23.5 17.4 25.2 17.3 19.8

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,421 16,423 16,588 16,421 16,542 16,558 16,583 16,423 16,588

Civilian labor force

10,596 10,231 10,404 10,530 10,382 10,380 10,253 10,317 10,315

Participation rate

64.5 62.3 62.7 64.1 62.8 62.7 61.8 62.8 62.2

Employed

10,327 9,533 9,873 10,273 9,598 9,685 9,645 9,631 9,792

Employment-population ratio

62.9 58.0 59.5 62.6 58.0 58.5 58.2 58.6 59.0

Unemployed

268 698 532 257 784 695 608 686 523

Unemployment rate

2.5 6.8 5.1 2.4 7.6 6.7 5.9 6.6 5.1

Not in labor force

5,825 6,192 6,184 5,891 6,160 6,179 6,329 6,106 6,273

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Feb.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

43,820 44,521 44,587 43,820 44,475 44,559 44,639 44,521 44,587

Civilian labor force

29,750 28,831 29,145 29,805 29,156 29,152 29,150 28,920 29,174

Participation rate

67.9 64.8 65.4 68.0 65.6 65.4 65.3 65.0 65.4

Employed

28,311 26,120 26,527 28,480 26,582 26,688 26,436 26,437 26,701

Employment-population ratio

64.6 58.7 59.5 65.0 59.8 59.9 59.2 59.4 59.9

Unemployed

1,438 2,710 2,619 1,326 2,575 2,463 2,714 2,482 2,473

Unemployment rate

4.8 9.4 9.0 4.4 8.8 8.4 9.3 8.6 8.5

Not in labor force

14,071 15,690 15,442 14,015 15,318 15,407 15,489 15,601 15,413

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

15,985 15,765 15,924 16,030 16,080 15,951 15,856 15,789 15,952

Participation rate

80.8 78.4 79.1 81.0 80.1 79.3 78.6 78.5 79.2

Employed

15,355 14,363 14,557 15,515 14,767 14,700 14,462 14,578 14,727

Employment-population ratio

77.6 71.4 72.3 78.4 73.5 73.0 71.7 72.5 73.1

Unemployed

630 1,402 1,368 515 1,313 1,251 1,395 1,211 1,224

Unemployment rate

3.9 8.9 8.6 3.2 8.2 7.8 8.8 7.7 7.7

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

12,460 11,782 11,845 12,412 11,746 11,821 11,906 11,779 11,794

Participation rate

62.2 57.8 58.0 61.9 57.7 58.0 58.3 57.8 57.8

Employed

11,839 10,702 10,829 11,803 10,688 10,851 10,820 10,743 10,792

Employment-population ratio

59.1 52.5 53.0 58.9 52.5 53.2 52.9 52.7 52.9

Unemployed

622 1,079 1,016 609 1,058 970 1,086 1,036 1,002

Unemployment rate

5.0 9.2 8.6 4.9 9.0 8.2 9.1 8.8 8.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,305 1,284 1,376 1,363 1,331 1,380 1,388 1,352 1,428

Participation rate

32.6 31.9 34.1 34.1 33.0 34.2 34.3 33.6 35.4

Employed

1,118 1,055 1,141 1,161 1,127 1,137 1,155 1,116 1,182

Employment-population ratio

27.9 26.2 28.3 29.0 27.9 28.2 28.6 27.7 29.3

Unemployed

187 229 235 202 203 243 234 236 247

Unemployment rate

14.3 17.8 17.0 14.8 15.3 17.6 16.8 17.4 17.3

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

9,341 9,296 8,600 9,689 9,169 9,276 9,147 9,169 8,942

Participation rate

46.0 45.5 44.2 47.7 46.0 45.7 45.0 44.9 45.9

Employed

8,670 8,297 7,579 9,130 8,258 8,418 8,254 8,337 8,035

Employment-population ratio

42.7 40.6 38.9 44.9 41.5 41.4 40.7 40.8 41.2

Unemployed

671 999 1,021 559 911 858 893 832 907

Unemployment rate

7.2 10.7 11.9 5.8 9.9 9.2 9.8 9.1 10.1

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

36,278 34,169 34,436 36,308 35,479 35,163 34,925 34,506 34,462

Participation rate

58.3 54.7 54.7 58.3 55.8 55.4 55.5 55.2 54.7

Employed

34,793 31,482 31,750 35,032 32,607 32,435 32,198 32,051 31,977

Employment-population ratio

55.9 50.4 50.4 56.3 51.3 51.1 51.1 51.3 50.8

Unemployed

1,484 2,687 2,686 1,276 2,873 2,728 2,726 2,455 2,485

Unemployment rate

4.1 7.9 7.8 3.5 8.1 7.8 7.8 7.1 7.2

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

37,291 35,431 35,489 37,228 35,762 35,644 35,676 35,440 35,450

Participation rate

64.7 62.3 62.8 64.6 62.4 62.3 62.5 62.3 62.7

Employed

36,061 33,142 33,292 36,115 33,409 33,387 33,430 33,257 33,360

Employment-population ratio

62.6 58.2 58.9 62.7 58.3 58.4 58.6 58.4 59.0

Unemployed

1,230 2,289 2,197 1,113 2,354 2,257 2,246 2,183 2,089

Unemployment rate

3.3 6.5 6.2 3.0 6.6 6.3 6.3 6.2 5.9

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

60,589 60,473 61,437 59,972 59,530 59,620 59,940 60,391 60,744

Participation rate

74.0 72.3 72.6 73.2 72.0 72.2 71.9 72.2 71.8

Employed

59,411 58,001 59,092 58,811 57,041 57,095 57,665 57,969 58,417

Employment-population ratio

72.5 69.3 69.8 71.8 69.0 69.1 69.1 69.3 69.1

Unemployed

1,177 2,472 2,344 1,162 2,488 2,524 2,274 2,422 2,327

Unemployment rate

1.9 4.1 3.8 1.9 4.2 4.2 3.8 4.0 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

18,608 18,942 16,711 16,935 1,897 2,007

Civilian labor force

9,221 9,073 8,058 7,928 1,163 1,145

Participation rate

49.6 47.9 48.2 46.8 61.3 57.0

Employed

8,892 8,576 7,772 7,501 1,120 1,075

Employment-population ratio

47.8 45.3 46.5 44.3 59.1 53.6

Unemployed

329 497 286 427 43 70

Unemployment rate

3.6 5.5 3.6 5.4 3.7 6.1

Not in labor force

9,387 9,869 8,653 9,007 734 862

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,314 4,615 3,553 3,795 761 819

Civilian labor force

3,446 3,621 2,877 3,057 570 564

Participation rate

79.9 78.5 81.0 80.5 74.9 68.9

Employed

3,291 3,406 2,737 2,892 554 514

Employment-population ratio

76.3 73.8 77.0 76.2 72.8 62.7

Unemployed

155 215 140 164 16 51

Unemployment rate

4.5 5.9 4.8 5.4 2.8 9.0

Not in labor force

868 994 677 739 191 255

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,190 3,308 2,701 2,803 489 506

Civilian labor force

2,453 2,457 2,127 2,115 327 343

Participation rate

76.9 74.3 78.7 75.5 66.8 67.8

Employed

2,397 2,371 2,084 2,040 313 331

Employment-population ratio

75.2 71.7 77.2 72.8 63.9 65.5

Unemployed

56 87 42 75 14 12

Unemployment rate

2.3 3.5 2.0 3.6 4.4 3.4

Not in labor force

736 851 574 688 162 163

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

6,974 6,836 6,731 6,572 243 264

Civilian labor force

1,441 1,170 1,401 1,137 40 33

Participation rate

20.7 17.1 20.8 17.3 16.6 12.4

Employed

1,384 1,115 1,350 1,083 35 33

Employment-population ratio

19.9 16.3 20.1 16.5 14.3 12.4

Unemployed

57 55 51 55 6 0

Unemployment rate

3.9 4.7 3.6 4.8 - -

Not in labor force

5,533 5,666 5,330 5,435 203 231

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,130 4,183 3,726 3,765 404 418

Civilian labor force

1,880 1,825 1,654 1,620 226 205

Participation rate

45.5 43.6 44.4 43.0 56.0 49.1

Employed

1,819 1,684 1,600 1,487 219 198

Employment-population ratio

44.0 40.3 43.0 39.5 54.2 47.3

Unemployed

61 140 54 133 8 8

Unemployment rate

3.2 7.7 3.2 8.2 3.3 3.7

Not in labor force

2,250 2,358 2,072 2,145 178 213

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

232,297 233,133 104,503 104,622 127,794 128,510

Civilian labor force

153,043 148,936 77,659 75,818 75,383 73,118

Participation rate

65.9 63.9 74.3 72.5 59.0 56.9

Employed

147,349 139,237 74,499 70,508 72,850 68,728

Employment-population ratio

63.4 59.7 71.3 67.4 57.0 53.5

Unemployed

5,693 9,699 3,160 5,310 2,533 4,390

Unemployment rate

3.7 6.5 4.1 7.0 3.4 6.0

Not in labor force

79,255 84,197 26,844 28,805 52,411 55,392

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). Updated population controls introduced with the release of January 2021 data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

30,972 29,950 228,657 230,968

Civilian labor force

6,420 5,961 157,815 154,047

Participation rate

20.7 19.9 69.0 66.7

Employed

5,918 5,210 152,100 144,312

Employment-population ratio

19.1 17.4 66.5 62.5

Unemployed

502 751 5,715 9,735

Unemployment rate

7.8 12.6 3.6 6.3

Not in labor force

24,552 23,989 70,842 76,921

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,752 2,518 77,725 76,486

Participation rate

35.9 33.2 83.0 81.7

Employed

2,483 2,166 74,654 71,255

Employment-population ratio

32.4 28.5 79.7 76.1

Unemployed

269 352 3,070 5,231

Unemployment rate

9.8 14.0 4.0 6.8

Not in labor force

4,920 5,076 15,917 17,157

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,414 2,460 70,138 68,282

Participation rate

31.7 33.7 72.5 70.5

Employed

2,236 2,119 67,799 64,245

Employment-population ratio

29.4 29.1 70.1 66.3

Unemployed

178 341 2,339 4,037

Unemployment rate

7.4 13.9 3.3 5.9

Not in labor force

5,198 4,834 26,624 28,574

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

1,253 983 9,952 9,279

Participation rate

8.0 6.5 26.0 22.9

Employed

1,199 924 9,646 8,812

Employment-population ratio

7.6 6.1 25.2 21.8

Unemployed

55 59 306 467

Unemployment rate

4.4 6.0 3.1 5.0

Not in labor force

14,434 14,079 28,300 31,191

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

42,956 43,373 20,865 21,082 22,091 22,291

Civilian labor force

28,719 27,946 16,375 16,127 12,344 11,819

Participation rate

66.9 64.4 78.5 76.5 55.9 53.0

Employed

27,697 25,862 15,880 14,990 11,817 10,872

Employment-population ratio

64.5 59.6 76.1 71.1 53.5 48.8

Unemployed

1,022 2,084 495 1,137 527 947

Unemployment rate

3.6 7.5 3.0 7.0 4.3 8.0

Not in labor force

14,237 15,428 4,490 4,956 9,747 10,472

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

216,673 217,545 104,710 105,142 111,962 112,403

Civilian labor force

135,516 132,062 70,222 68,628 65,294 63,435

Participation rate

62.5 60.7 67.1 65.3 58.3 56.4

Employed

130,320 123,660 67,167 63,865 63,153 59,795

Employment-population ratio

60.1 56.8 64.1 60.7 56.4 53.2

Unemployed

5,196 8,402 3,054 4,762 2,141 3,640

Unemployment rate

3.8 6.4 4.3 6.9 3.3 5.7

Not in labor force

81,157 85,483 34,489 36,515 46,668 48,968

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,334 2,346 2,184 2,455 2,515 2,432 2,461 2,466 2,308

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,706 1,517 1,450 1,777 1,570 1,553 1,569 1,552 1,519

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

612 778 676 646 881 837 823 827 712

Unpaid family workers

16 50 58 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

155,683 146,037 147,338 156,240 147,255 147,314 147,351 147,535 147,895

Wage and salary workers(1)

146,868 137,451 138,602 147,439 138,539 138,891 138,971 138,941 139,243

Government

21,438 20,914 21,218 21,054 20,678 20,418 20,709 20,689 20,829

Private industries

125,430 116,537 117,383 126,208 117,939 118,525 118,123 118,102 118,151

Private households

781 622 604 - - - - - -

Other industries

124,649 115,915 116,779 125,323 117,304 117,902 117,472 117,532 117,451

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,771 8,515 8,665 8,893 8,690 8,570 8,638 8,721 8,787

Unpaid family workers

45 71 72 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

4,600 6,404 6,309 4,398 6,668 6,641 6,170 5,954 6,088

Slack work or business conditions

3,037 5,185 4,958 2,833 5,298 5,223 4,891 4,756 4,723

Could only find part-time work

1,288 981 1,124 1,340 1,135 1,167 1,045 986 1,166

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

22,902 18,407 19,042 22,231 19,465 18,580 18,237 18,519 18,369

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

4,501 6,284 6,199 4,304 6,552 6,582 6,082 5,824 5,986

Slack work or business conditions

2,966 5,102 4,887 2,763 5,227 5,176 4,819 4,691 4,661

Could only find part-time work

1,282 980 1,116 1,330 1,113 1,163 1,037 986 1,154

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

22,473 17,993 18,670 21,801 19,029 18,182 17,846 18,112 17,998

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

158,017 148,383 149,522 158,732 149,669 149,809 149,830 150,031 150,239

16 to 19 years

5,012 4,606 4,792 5,326 5,122 5,091 4,955 4,975 5,118

16 to 17 years

1,776 1,616 1,709 1,946 1,824 1,797 1,785 1,784 1,868

18 to 19 years

3,236 2,990 3,082 3,397 3,295 3,277 3,192 3,222 3,245

20 years and over

153,005 143,777 144,730 153,406 144,547 144,718 144,876 145,055 145,121

20 to 24 years

14,069 12,856 13,017 14,265 13,212 13,203 13,167 13,216 13,216

25 years and over

138,936 130,921 131,714 139,031 131,566 131,461 131,637 131,689 131,789

25 to 54 years

101,152 95,871 96,364 101,265 95,875 95,861 96,225 96,307 96,461

25 to 34 years

36,038 33,687 33,966 36,052 33,836 33,581 33,913 33,884 33,988

35 to 44 years

33,273 32,046 32,061 33,368 31,903 32,098 32,011 32,162 32,146

45 to 54 years

31,841 30,137 30,337 31,845 30,136 30,182 30,300 30,261 30,327

55 years and over

37,784 35,050 35,350 37,766 35,692 35,600 35,412 35,382 35,328

Men, 16 years and over

83,047 78,535 78,855 83,867 79,537 79,267 79,481 79,714 79,666

16 to 19 years

2,455 2,295 2,287 2,632 2,524 2,490 2,477 2,510 2,474

16 to 17 years

776 799 846 878 878 863 881 892 938

18 to 19 years

1,679 1,496 1,442 1,774 1,647 1,630 1,603 1,634 1,550

20 years and over

80,592 76,239 76,568 81,235 77,013 76,777 77,004 77,204 77,193

20 to 24 years

7,126 6,591 6,623 7,270 6,749 6,722 6,672 6,810 6,763

25 years and over

73,466 69,648 69,945 73,866 70,291 70,040 70,220 70,317 70,329

25 to 54 years

53,415 50,957 51,162 53,703 51,140 51,025 51,246 51,368 51,436

25 to 34 years

19,038 17,967 18,042 19,133 18,056 17,889 18,172 18,133 18,145

35 to 44 years

17,734 17,211 17,281 17,862 17,209 17,288 17,201 17,358 17,390

45 to 54 years

16,643 15,779 15,839 16,707 15,876 15,848 15,873 15,876 15,901

55 years and over

20,052 18,691 18,783 20,163 19,151 19,015 18,974 18,950 18,892

Women, 16 years and over

74,970 69,848 70,667 74,865 70,131 70,542 70,350 70,316 70,572

16 to 19 years

2,557 2,310 2,504 2,694 2,598 2,600 2,478 2,465 2,644

16 to 17 years

1,000 817 864 1,067 946 934 904 892 930

18 to 19 years

1,557 1,494 1,641 1,623 1,648 1,647 1,589 1,588 1,695

20 years and over

72,413 67,538 68,163 72,171 67,534 67,941 67,872 67,851 67,928

20 to 24 years

6,944 6,266 6,394 6,995 6,463 6,481 6,495 6,406 6,453

25 years and over

65,469 61,272 61,769 65,165 61,275 61,422 61,417 61,371 61,460

25 to 54 years

47,737 44,914 45,202 47,562 44,735 44,836 44,979 44,939 45,024

25 to 34 years

17,001 15,720 15,925 16,919 15,781 15,692 15,741 15,751 15,843

35 to 44 years

15,539 14,836 14,779 15,506 14,694 14,810 14,810 14,804 14,756

45 to 54 years

15,198 14,358 14,497 15,137 14,260 14,334 14,428 14,384 14,426

55 years and over

17,733 16,358 16,567 17,603 16,540 16,586 16,438 16,432 16,436

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

45,855 43,547 43,887 46,036 43,761 43,754 43,720 43,819 44,033

Married women, spouse present(1)

36,811 34,698 35,044 36,557 34,685 34,795 34,817 34,668 34,803

Women who maintain families(2)

9,771 9,325 9,367 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

129,734 123,717 123,981 130,679 123,646 124,292 124,689 124,990 124,868

Part-time workers(4)

28,283 24,666 25,541 27,792 26,139 25,373 24,917 24,627 25,109

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

8,181 6,535 6,787 8,064 6,669 6,559 6,460 6,623 6,678

Percent of total employed

5.2 4.4 4.5 5.1 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.4

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

6,467 5,938 5,670 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,382 9,293 9,341 9,539 9,571 9,408 9,461 9,548 9,498

Footnotes
(1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(4) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Feb.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

5,717 10,130 9,972 3.5 6.9 6.7 6.7 6.3 6.2

16 to 19 years

691 865 825 11.5 14.0 13.9 16.0 14.8 13.9

16 to 17 years

234 337 325 10.7 14.1 14.9 14.5 15.9 14.8

18 to 19 years

471 534 514 12.2 14.1 13.4 17.0 14.2 13.7

20 years and over

5,025 9,265 9,148 3.2 6.6 6.4 6.3 6.0 5.9

20 to 24 years

956 1,425 1,408 6.3 10.9 10.7 11.2 9.7 9.6

25 years and over

4,133 7,940 7,813 2.9 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.6

25 to 54 years

3,134 5,968 5,823 3.0 6.4 6.1 5.8 5.8 5.7

25 to 34 years

1,385 2,464 2,331 3.7 7.3 7.0 6.6 6.8 6.4

35 to 44 years

941 1,948 1,929 2.7 5.8 5.6 5.5 5.7 5.7

45 to 54 years

808 1,555 1,563 2.5 6.0 5.5 5.3 4.9 4.9

55 years and over

999 1,970 1,985 2.6 5.5 5.8 6.0 5.3 5.3

Men, 16 years and over

3,048 5,434 5,395 3.5 7.0 6.9 6.7 6.4 6.3

16 to 19 years

352 466 493 11.8 15.6 15.1 15.5 15.7 16.6

16 to 17 years

120 157 175 12.0 16.1 14.5 15.3 15.0 15.7

18 to 19 years

245 311 331 12.1 15.4 15.5 15.8 16.0 17.6

20 years and over

2,695 4,969 4,902 3.2 6.7 6.6 6.4 6.0 6.0

20 to 24 years

491 754 761 6.3 11.8 11.9 12.1 10.0 10.1

25 years and over

2,250 4,300 4,203 3.0 6.2 6.2 5.8 5.8 5.6

25 to 54 years

1,659 3,210 3,077 3.0 6.5 6.3 5.8 5.9 5.6

25 to 34 years

757 1,356 1,287 3.8 7.8 7.7 6.6 7.0 6.6

35 to 44 years

496 1,066 1,032 2.7 5.7 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.6

45 to 54 years

406 788 759 2.4 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.7 4.6

55 years and over

591 1,090 1,125 2.8 5.2 5.9 5.9 5.4 5.6

Women, 16 years and over

2,669 4,696 4,577 3.4 6.8 6.4 6.7 6.3 6.1

16 to 19 years

339 400 332 11.2 12.5 12.8 16.5 14.0 11.2

16 to 17 years

114 180 149 9.7 12.1 15.2 13.7 16.8 13.9

18 to 19 years

226 223 183 12.2 12.8 11.2 18.2 12.3 9.7

20 years and over

2,330 4,296 4,245 3.1 6.5 6.2 6.3 6.0 5.9

20 to 24 years

465 670 647 6.2 10.0 9.4 10.1 9.5 9.1

25 years and over

1,883 3,640 3,610 2.8 6.1 5.8 5.9 5.6 5.5

25 to 54 years

1,475 2,758 2,745 3.0 6.3 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.7

25 to 34 years

628 1,108 1,044 3.6 6.9 6.2 6.6 6.6 6.2

35 to 44 years

446 882 897 2.8 6.0 5.6 5.2 5.6 5.7

45 to 54 years

401 767 804 2.6 5.9 5.5 5.7 5.1 5.3

55 years and over

425 882 883 2.4 5.8 5.8 6.1 5.1 5.1

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

897 1,795 1,750 1.9 4.1 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.8

Married women, spouse present(1)

838 1,593 1,553 2.2 4.8 4.5 4.7 4.4 4.3

Women who maintain families(2)

423 845 784 4.1 8.6 7.7 7.2 8.3 7.7

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

4,684 8,548 8,397 3.5 6.9 6.9 6.7 6.4 6.3

Part-time workers(4)

1,044 1,676 1,607 3.6 6.7 6.0 7.0 6.4 6.0

Footnotes
(1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(4) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3,151 7,666 7,051 2,686 7,685 7,468 7,210 6,997 6,586

On temporary layoff

1,069 3,215 2,546 750 3,231 2,762 3,039 2,746 2,229

Not on temporary layoff

2,082 4,452 4,505 1,936 4,454 4,705 4,171 4,251 4,357

Permanent job losers

1,358 3,585 3,547 1,298 3,620 3,718 3,370 3,503 3,497

Persons who completed temporary jobs

723 867 958 638 834 987 802 749 860

Job leavers

766 651 706 766 763 698 743 653 701

Reentrants

1,839 2,039 2,183 1,798 2,017 1,968 2,250 1,963 2,124

New entrants

462 494 546 512 526 551 509 542 582

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

50.7 70.7 67.2 46.6 69.9 69.9 67.3 68.9 65.9

On temporary layoff

17.2 29.6 24.3 13.0 29.4 25.9 28.4 27.0 22.3

Not on temporary layoff

33.5 41.0 43.0 33.6 40.5 44.0 38.9 41.9 43.6

Job leavers

12.3 6.0 6.7 13.3 6.9 6.5 6.9 6.4 7.0

Reentrants

29.6 18.8 20.8 31.2 18.3 18.4 21.0 19.3 21.3

New entrants

7.4 4.6 5.2 8.9 4.8 5.2 4.7 5.3 5.8

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

1.9 4.8 4.4 1.6 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.1

Job leavers

0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4

Reentrants

1.1 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.3

New entrants

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

1,939 2,707 2,051 2,082 2,494 2,455 2,904 2,278 2,185

5 to 14 weeks

2,161 2,716 2,693 1,753 2,341 2,404 2,222 2,528 2,254

15 weeks and over

2,117 5,428 5,742 1,928 6,185 5,804 5,529 5,369 5,555

15 to 26 weeks

932 1,354 1,523 817 2,651 1,875 1,572 1,346 1,407

27 weeks and over

1,185 4,074 4,219 1,111 3,534 3,929 3,956 4,023 4,148

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

20.4 24.3 27.2 20.8 21.4 23.0 23.4 26.0 27.6

Median duration, in weeks

9.3 14.5 18.3 9.0 19.0 18.9 16.8 15.3 18.3

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

31.2 24.9 19.6 36.1 22.6 23.0 27.3 22.4 21.9

5 to 14 weeks

34.8 25.0 25.7 30.4 21.2 22.5 20.9 24.8 22.6

15 weeks and over

34.1 50.0 54.8 33.4 56.1 54.4 51.9 52.8 55.6

15 to 26 weeks

15.0 12.5 14.5 14.2 24.1 17.6 14.8 13.2 14.1

27 weeks and over

19.1 37.5 40.2 19.3 32.1 36.8 37.1 39.5 41.5

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021

Total, 16 years and over(1)

158,017 149,522 6,218 10,486 3.8 6.6

Management, professional, and related occupations

66,144 64,471 1,204 2,158 1.8 3.2

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

27,926 27,414 507 990 1.8 3.5

Professional and related occupations

38,218 37,058 697 1,167 1.8 3.1

Service occupations

26,223 22,574 1,272 2,594 4.6 10.3

Sales and office occupations

31,294 30,450 1,214 2,024 3.7 6.2

Sales and related occupations

15,069 14,630 656 1,031 4.2 6.6

Office and administrative support occupations

16,225 15,819 558 993 3.3 5.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

14,220 13,209 908 1,411 6.0 9.7

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

1,144 1,006 183 141 13.8 12.3

Construction and extraction occupations

8,154 7,497 604 1,003 6.9 11.8

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

4,922 4,706 122 267 2.4 5.4

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

20,137 18,818 1,130 1,745 5.3 8.5

Production occupations

8,344 7,766 448 579 5.1 6.9

Transportation and material moving occupations

11,793 11,052 682 1,166 5.5 9.5

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021

Total, 16 years and over(1)

6,218 10,486 3.8 6.6

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

4,890 8,516 3.8 6.8

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

42 132 5.0 19.3

Construction

531 921 5.5 9.6

Manufacturing

613 724 3.9 4.8

Durable goods

359 423 3.6 4.4

Nondurable goods

254 301 4.3 5.4

Wholesale and retail trade

821 1,368 4.2 6.8

Transportation and utilities

256 622 3.5 8.4

Information

68 155 2.6 6.2

Financial activities

171 387 1.7 3.7

Professional and business services

794 1,152 4.4 6.8

Education and health services

608 899 2.4 3.7

Leisure and hospitality

799 1,673 5.7 13.5

Other services

187 483 2.8 7.7

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

205 167 11.0 10.5

Government workers

348 603 1.6 2.8

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

312 654 3.2 6.5

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2017 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021
Feb.
2021

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

1.3 3.4 3.6 1.2 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.5

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

1.9 4.8 4.4 1.6 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.1

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

3.8 6.8 6.6 3.5 6.9 6.7 6.7 6.3 6.2

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

4.0 7.2 6.9 3.7 7.2 7.1 7.1 6.7 6.5

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

4.7 8.0 7.7 4.3 8.0 7.9 7.9 7.4 7.3

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

7.4 12.0 11.6 7.0 12.1 12.0 11.7 11.1 11.1

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2020
Feb.
2021

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

95,393 100,910 38,979 41,470 56,415 59,440

Persons who currently want a job

4,973 6,902 2,526 3,323 2,447 3,579

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

1,494 1,942 788 1,053 707 889

Discouraged workers(2)

421 529 260 275 161 253

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,073 1,413 528 778 545 636

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

8,181 6,787 3,900 3,238 4,281 3,549

Percent of total employed

5.2 4.5 4.7 4.1 5.7 5.0

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

4,576 3,739 2,378 1,920 2,198 1,819

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

2,126 1,756 728 586 1,398 1,169

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

308 321 197 173 110 148

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,129 941 578 542 551 399

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)
Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)
Change from:
Jan.2021 - Feb.2021(p)

Total nonfarm

150,968 143,602 140,948 141,926 152,523 142,503 142,669 143,048 379

Total private

127,874 121,802 119,530 120,193 129,688 121,047 121,137 121,602 465

Goods-producing

20,680 20,165 19,808 19,790 21,137 20,228 20,215 20,167 -48

Mining and logging

675 602 595 583 690 597 597 589 -8

Logging

47.9 46.6 46.4 46.5 48.7 45.9 46.5 46.6 0.1

Mining

627.3 555.4 548.3 536.7 640.9 550.6 550.6 542.4 -8.2

Oil and gas extraction

135.9 141.9 132.7 130.6 137.4 139.5 134.0 132.0 -2.0

Mining, except oil and gas

180.0 178.0 175.8 174.6 186.2 178.7 178.9 178.9 0.0

Coal mining

45.9 42.5 43.1 43.3 46.5 42.2 42.5 43.0 0.5

Metal ore mining

41.6 41.3 41.5 41.7 41.8 41.5 41.7 41.8 0.1

Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying

92.5 94.2 91.2 89.6 97.9 95.0 94.7 94.1 -0.6

Support activities for mining

311.4 235.5 239.8 231.5 317.3 232.4 237.7 231.5 -6.2

Construction

7,278 7,312 7,064 7,004 7,648 7,400 7,401 7,340 -61

Construction of buildings

1,638.7 1,652.3 1,622.8 1,619.6 1,694.6 1,658.2 1,662.1 1,664.1 2.0

Residential building

812.7 847.4 833.1 837.4 839.8 847.7 852.6 857.9 5.3

Nonresidential building

826.0 804.9 789.7 782.2 854.8 810.5 809.5 806.2 -3.3

Heavy and civil engineering construction

1,007.5 1,008.6 945.4 930.5 1,110.8 1,051.0 1,053.4 1,032.6 -20.8

Specialty trade contractors

4,631.5 4,651.4 4,495.4 4,454.1 4,842.6 4,690.7 4,685.7 4,643.5 -42.2

Residential specialty trade contractors

2,050.2 2,127.2 2,065.1 2,053.7 2,141.4 2,140.3 2,137.1 2,131.6 -5.5

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,581.3 2,524.2 2,430.3 2,400.4 2,701.2 2,550.4 2,548.6 2,511.9 -36.7

Manufacturing

12,727 12,251 12,149 12,203 12,799 12,231 12,217 12,238 21

Durable goods

7,978 7,609 7,554 7,587 8,007 7,598 7,583 7,600 17

Wood products

407.5 403.0 399.4 399.7 411.5 402.5 402.5 401.4 -1.1

Nonmetallic mineral products

405.6 397.9 383.7 380.4 419.0 400.3 396.5 394.1 -2.4

Primary metals

380.1 348.9 346.8 349.2 379.0 348.4 347.3 347.1 -0.2

Fabricated metal products

1,461.0 1,388.1 1,378.0 1,383.4 1,467.8 1,385.8 1,382.9 1,383.7 0.8

Machinery

1,111.8 1,055.9 1,053.4 1,058.3 1,111.1 1,055.9 1,053.2 1,057.0 3.8

Computer and electronic products

1,079.5 1,074.2 1,070.8 1,074.5 1,082.6 1,072.2 1,072.9 1,074.6 1.7

Computer and peripheral equipment

162.0 162.5 162.4 164.0 162.0 162.6 162.7 163.9 1.2

Communications equipment

86.9 85.3 85.8 85.3 87.4 85.0 85.7 85.4 -0.3

Semiconductors and electronic components

373.7 368.3 369.0 369.2 374.7 368.2 369.6 368.8 -0.8

Electronic instruments

425.5 422.9 419.9 422.2 426.8 422.0 420.6 422.3 1.7

Miscellaneous computer and electronic products

31.4 35.2 33.7 33.8 31.7 34.4 34.3 34.2 -0.1

Electrical equipment and appliances

397.4 375.1 370.1 372.5 397.5 373.5 370.0 372.4 2.4

Transportation equipment(1)

1,731.4 1,601.4 1,591.8 1,604.6 1,731.8 1,596.5 1,593.6 1,603.3 9.7

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

989.2 913.3 903.3 913.9 986.2 910.8 905.1 905.2 0.1

Furniture and related products

383.1 356.9 354.5 354.5 384.1 356.2 355.1 355.2 0.1

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

620.2 608.0 605.1 610.3 623.0 607.0 608.7 611.5 2.8

Nondurable goods

4,749 4,642 4,595 4,616 4,792 4,633 4,634 4,638 4

Food manufacturing

1,641.0 1,643.1 1,620.2 1,623.6 1,662.5 1,634.1 1,635.7 1,632.6 -3.1

Textile mills

106.0 96.1 94.9 94.9 106.1 96.1 95.0 94.6 -0.4

Textile product mills

110.8 105.7 105.2 106.0 112.2 105.2 105.7 106.4 0.7

Apparel

103.9 92.7 89.6 92.4 104.5 92.8 90.5 92.9 2.4

Paper and paper products

362.3 356.7 354.9 353.9 363.4 356.0 355.8 354.8 -1.0

Printing and related support activities

416.7 374.9 369.0 367.1 419.6 373.1 370.6 368.9 -1.7

Petroleum and coal products

109.6 105.0 102.2 102.4 113.7 106.9 106.3 106.0 -0.3

Chemicals

853.3 844.9 845.8 851.5 855.0 842.7 849.6 850.2 0.6

Plastics and rubber products

730.2 725.4 722.1 727.9 731.0 724.7 724.1 727.1 3.0

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

315.3 297.9 291.2 296.4 324.2 301.0 300.2 304.3 4.1

Private service-providing

107,194 101,637 99,722 100,403 108,551 100,819 100,922 101,435 513

Trade, transportation, and utilities

27,504 27,799 26,987 26,774 27,876 26,984 27,030 27,079 49

Wholesale trade

5,858.7 5,632.3 5,600.8 5,607.7 5,895.2 5,617.2 5,631.1 5,634.7 3.6

Durable goods

3,205.9 3,080.5 3,075.3 3,076.4 3,217.8 3,073.8 3,087.1 3,085.7 -1.4

Nondurable goods

2,142.5 2,069.7 2,047.6 2,054.6 2,163.4 2,062.9 2,064.5 2,070.8 6.3

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

510.3 482.1 477.9 476.7 514.0 480.5 479.5 478.2 -1.3

Retail trade

15,353.9 15,628.2 15,138.1 15,042.9 15,609.8 15,159.8 15,206.1 15,247.2 41.1

Motor vehicle and parts dealers

2,025.7 1,947.8 1,930.8 1,941.3 2,043.5 1,953.3 1,944.5 1,951.1 6.6

Automobile dealers

1,309.1 1,239.4 1,232.5 1,238.6 1,313.9 1,239.6 1,234.0 1,237.6 3.6

Other motor vehicle dealers

153.9 148.7 145.4 147.9 161.7 155.4 154.8 155.2 0.4

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores

562.7 559.7 552.9 554.8 567.9 558.3 555.7 558.3 2.6

Furniture and home furnishings stores

470.9 455.3 438.1 435.9 473.4 435.2 435.8 438.2 2.4

Electronics and appliance stores

465.2 453.9 417.4 417.3 469.2 431.2 408.8 414.5 5.7

Building material and garden supply stores

1,251.2 1,395.0 1,362.9 1,367.1 1,293.0 1,426.6 1,427.2 1,425.0 -2.2

Food and beverage stores

3,052.7 3,177.0 3,139.2 3,141.7 3,074.9 3,145.1 3,153.6 3,163.4 9.8

Health and personal care stores

1,027.4 987.5 983.2 983.8 1,033.2 960.8 977.5 989.4 11.9

Gasoline stations

940.7 938.6 928.4 921.8 955.7 939.3 935.8 934.8 -1.0

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,242.1 1,075.7 1,006.2 961.5 1,270.6 979.0 996.2 976.2 -20.0

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

544.1 499.5 475.9 466.9 562.5 460.4 463.4 467.0 3.6

General merchandise stores

2,927.1 3,278.6 3,097.6 3,035.0 2,999.4 3,048.1 3,088.8 3,103.2 14.4

Department stores

986.1 1,110.1 998.0 956.7 1,018.4 976.8 973.6 977.4 3.8

General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters

1,941.0 2,168.5 2,099.6 2,078.3 1,981.1 2,071.3 2,115.2 2,125.8 10.6

Miscellaneous store retailers

829.4 782.2 762.2 773.1 849.1 770.0 776.0 784.3 8.3

Nonstore retailers

577.4 637.1 596.2 597.5 585.3 610.8 598.5 600.1 1.6

Transportation and warehousing

5,745.9 5,998.4 5,709.2 5,586.1 5,823.1 5,668.1 5,654.0 5,658.4 4.4

Air transportation

513.5 396.8 410.1 402.0 516.9 398.3 412.9 404.7 -8.2

Rail transportation

158.4 145.4 141.7 141.7 159.4 144.5 142.5 141.8 -0.7

Water transportation

65.2 58.2 56.2 57.0 67.6 59.2 58.2 58.7 0.5

Truck transportation

1,496.8 1,477.6 1,455.5 1,451.2 1,524.8 1,478.9 1,479.7 1,475.7 -4.0

Transit and ground passenger transportation

504.6 379.2 368.1 380.0 492.7 363.0 358.0 366.6 8.6

Pipeline transportation

51.1 49.6 48.7 47.9 51.3 49.4 48.6 48.2 -0.4

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

26.6 20.6 19.0 19.3 35.2 24.6 25.2 25.4 0.2

Support activities for transportation

761.5 700.4 689.7 689.4 764.7 694.7 690.3 690.8 0.5

Couriers and messengers

849.3 1,305.0 1,100.2 982.5 882.8 1,034.3 1,021.3 1,030.3 9.0

Warehousing and storage

1,318.9 1,465.6 1,420.0 1,415.1 1,327.7 1,421.2 1,417.3 1,416.2 -1.1

Utilities

545.0 540.2 539.0 537.2 547.4 538.5 539.2 538.8 -0.4

Information

2,894 2,668 2,645 2,661 2,914 2,659 2,669 2,666 -3

Publishing industries, except Internet

783.1 761.7 760.7 760.1 785.3 761.6 765.0 762.5 -2.5

Motion picture and sound recording industries

426.5 262.4 236.6 246.4 441.9 258.7 255.1 254.2 -0.9

Broadcasting, except Internet

264.7 247.4 246.8 250.5 264.2 246.3 247.7 248.8 1.1

Telecommunications

706.0 683.3 688.0 685.9 708.0 679.5 686.9 683.5 -3.4

Data processing, hosting and related services

362.3 354.9 351.5 356.8 363.0 355.8 353.6 355.4 1.8

Other information services

351.4 358.0 361.1 361.7 352.0 357.2 360.4 361.8 1.4

Financial activities

8,820 8,788 8,724 8,728 8,875 8,774 8,775 8,770 -5

Finance and insurance

6,498.0 6,554.8 6,525.1 6,528.7 6,513.4 6,539.4 6,538.4 6,537.0 -1.4

Monetary authorities - central bank

19.5 20.3 20.2 20.2 19.5 20.3 20.2 20.4 0.2

Credit intermediation and related
activities

2,665.9 2,673.4 2,669.8 2,673.9 2,672.1 2,670.4 2,670.9 2,675.0 4.1

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,786.6 1,749.6 1,746.2 1,742.0 1,789.6 1,749.9 1,746.3 1,742.1 -4.2

Commercial banking

1,399.3 1,362.9 1,359.4 1,357.1 1,400.1 1,364.1 1,360.1 1,357.1 -3.0

Nondepository credit intermediation

579.3 607.4 606.7 610.0 583.0 605.7 608.1 612.0 3.9

Activities related to credit intermediation

300.0 316.4 316.9 321.9 299.6 314.8 316.5 320.9 4.4

Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts

961.2 975.6 975.3 973.7 965.8 973.0 979.4 976.6 -2.8

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,851.4 2,885.5 2,859.8 2,860.9 2,856.0 2,875.7 2,867.9 2,865.0 -2.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,322.2 2,233.6 2,199.0 2,199.1 2,361.6 2,234.7 2,236.9 2,232.6 -4.3

Real estate

1,730.9 1,726.5 1,695.7 1,699.6 1,751.7 1,720.4 1,717.6 1,718.0 0.4

Rental and leasing services

568.6 484.5 481.3 477.6 586.7 491.9 496.8 492.3 -4.5

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

22.7 22.6 22.0 21.9 23.2 22.4 22.5 22.3 -0.2

Professional and business services

21,134 20,638 20,285 20,423 21,469 20,550 20,635 20,698 63

Professional and technical services

9,739.8 9,554.8 9,552.5 9,648.3 9,708.7 9,526.0 9,555.3 9,578.1 22.8

Legal services

1,158.3 1,128.0 1,114.9 1,123.4 1,165.3 1,121.9 1,122.4 1,129.6 7.2

Accounting and bookkeeping services

1,129.5 1,001.2 1,066.3 1,115.8 1,027.7 996.5 997.8 996.3 -1.5

Architectural and engineering services

1,527.6 1,524.4 1,510.6 1,512.8 1,546.2 1,525.7 1,527.8 1,529.5 1.7

Specialized design services

140.7 135.4 134.3 133.9 142.3 133.6 135.7 134.7 -1.0

Computer systems design and related services

2,228.3 2,204.6 2,208.8 2,218.7 2,239.4 2,211.7 2,214.2 2,220.4 6.2

Management and technical consulting services

1,560.1 1,568.7 1,560.0 1,572.5 1,574.3 1,554.2 1,580.3 1,583.8 3.5

Scientific research and development services

756.0 784.8 783.6 790.0 762.7 784.1 790.6 794.8 4.2

Advertising and related services

484.4 443.3 431.8 435.3 486.9 440.6 434.8 436.5 1.7

Other professional and technical services

754.9 764.4 742.2 745.9 763.9 757.7 751.7 752.5 0.8

Management of companies and enterprises

2,411.2 2,354.6 2,325.4 2,320.2 2,425.0 2,351.7 2,333.5 2,331.7 -1.8

Administrative and waste services

8,982.7 8,728.3 8,407.5 8,454.7 9,334.8 8,671.8 8,746.4 8,787.8 41.4

Administrative and support services

8,532.6 8,279.9 7,966.7 8,016.8 8,876.3 8,222.4 8,298.1 8,341.7 43.6

Office administrative services

540.8 527.8 532.0 534.7 545.3 528.4 535.9 538.8 2.9

Facilities support services

163.4 153.3 152.8 152.2 164.7 152.8 154.1 152.6 -1.5

Employment services(1)

3,441.5 3,389.3 3,209.0 3,243.6 3,593.1 3,256.5 3,342.3 3,387.6 45.3

Temporary help services

2,810.1 2,762.4 2,595.1 2,636.9 2,944.8 2,620.6 2,717.0 2,769.7 52.7

Business support services

864.8 825.4 801.6 799.0 864.7 804.1 798.3 798.0 -0.3

Travel arrangement and reservation services

216.6 145.5 143.3 142.8 220.8 147.0 146.9 145.5 -1.4

Investigation and security services

950.4 899.8 894.2 900.0 957.0 895.9 906.2 903.8 -2.4

Services to buildings and dwellings

2,025.1 2,038.3 1,941.7 1,953.2 2,197.7 2,133.6 2,117.8 2,122.4 4.6

Other support services

330.0 300.5 292.1 291.3 333.0 304.1 296.6 293.0 -3.6

Waste management and remediation services

450.1 448.4 440.8 437.9 458.5 449.4 448.3 446.1 -2.2

Education and health services

24,668 23,400 23,095 23,371 24,565 23,249 23,223 23,267 44

Educational services

3,927.6 3,404.1 3,314.4 3,525.4 3,778.7 3,321.0 3,391.3 3,388.9 -2.4

Health care and social assistance

20,740.5 19,996.1 19,780.5 19,845.6 20,786.5 19,928.3 19,832.1 19,877.7 45.6

Health care(3)

16,445.4 16,036.3 15,851.1 15,877.8 16,492.1 15,979.3 15,894.6 15,914.5 19.9

Ambulatory health care services

7,852.3 7,733.8 7,654.8 7,691.0 7,875.2 7,700.2 7,681.2 7,710.1 28.9

Offices of physicians

2,720.6 2,680.1 2,655.1 2,664.3 2,726.1 2,662.9 2,660.8 2,669.5 8.7

Offices of dentists

987.9 987.9 983.0 986.4 990.9 983.5 985.0 990.2 5.2

Offices of other health practitioners

999.3 951.3 945.2 948.2 1,002.2 948.4 949.4 951.1 1.7

Outpatient care centers

996.8 1,002.9 986.7 991.3 997.7 998.4 989.1 991.6 2.5

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

288.8 288.9 290.4 292.4 289.3 288.0 290.2 291.3 1.1

Home health care services

1,539.3 1,514.0 1,485.1 1,492.4 1,547.3 1,508.7 1,493.9 1,499.6 5.7

Other ambulatory health care services

319.6 308.7 309.3 316.0 321.7 310.3 312.8 316.8 4.0

Hospitals

5,229.3 5,183.9 5,130.4 5,131.0 5,237.5 5,174.8 5,137.3 5,135.1 -2.2

Nursing and residential care facilities

3,363.8 3,118.6 3,065.9 3,055.8 3,379.4 3,104.3 3,076.1 3,069.3 -6.8

Nursing care facilities

1,579.8 1,439.5 1,410.9 1,397.6 1,585.7 1,433.4 1,414.9 1,403.3 -11.6

Residential mental health facilities

648.4 612.2 604.9 609.4 651.0 611.0 607.2 611.7 4.5

Community care facilities for the elderly

970.6 912.5 899.1 897.3 976.1 906.0 901.6 901.8 0.2

Other residential care facilities

165.0 154.4 151.0 151.5 166.6 153.9 152.4 152.5 0.1

Social assistance

4,295.1 3,959.8 3,929.4 3,967.8 4,294.4 3,949.0 3,937.5 3,963.2 25.7

Individual and family services

2,731.8 2,616.3 2,602.9 2,626.0 2,735.2 2,614.4 2,611.0 2,628.5 17.5

Emergency and other relief services

186.3 186.5 182.8 183.7 187.1 184.0 183.6 184.0 0.4

Vocational rehabilitation services

322.6 276.6 273.3 274.1 325.6 277.1 276.1 274.4 -1.7

Child day care services

1,054.4 880.4 870.4 884.0 1,046.5 873.5 866.8 876.3 9.5

Leisure and hospitality

16,292 12,896 12,569 13,001 16,915 13,134 13,109 13,464 355

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2,270.4 1,605.6 1,532.8 1,579.0 2,501.9 1,715.9 1,694.6 1,727.6 33.0

Performing arts and spectator sports

482.3 311.1 290.9 303.8 525.2 321.9 327.4 326.8 -0.6

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

159.3 128.2 118.3 118.3 174.6 133.0 128.2 129.3 1.1

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,628.8 1,166.3 1,123.6 1,156.9 1,802.1 1,261.0 1,239.0 1,271.5 32.5

Accommodation and food services

14,021.8 11,289.9 11,035.7 11,422.4 14,412.9 11,418.1 11,414.7 11,736.3 321.6

Accommodation

2,015.4 1,376.4 1,333.4 1,374.3 2,104.8 1,421.2 1,401.0 1,436.7 35.7

Food services and drinking places

12,006.4 9,913.5 9,702.3 10,048.1 12,308.1 9,996.9 10,013.7 10,299.6 285.9

Other services

5,882 5,448 5,417 5,445 5,937 5,469 5,481 5,491 10

Repair and maintenance

1,357.7 1,304.8 1,298.5 1,299.9 1,364.1 1,312.2 1,312.8 1,303.9 -8.9

Personal and laundry services

1,544.4 1,298.5 1,286.6 1,300.7 1,566.1 1,298.3 1,303.7 1,318.8 15.1

Membership associations and organizations

2,979.5 2,845.0 2,831.8 2,844.8 3,006.9 2,858.5 2,864.9 2,868.5 3.6

Government

23,094 21,800 21,418 21,733 22,835 21,456 21,532 21,446 -86

Federal

2,840 2,905 2,851 2,848 2,863 2,892 2,868 2,865 -3

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,244.6 2,279.8 2,248.4 2,242.5 2,259.8 2,285.3 2,260.7 2,255.5 -5.2

U.S. Postal Service

595.0 624.7 602.1 605.9 602.8 606.7 607.7 609.8 2.1

State government

5,432 5,039 4,890 5,078 5,303 4,930 4,984 4,945 -39

State government education

2,737.3 2,361.1 2,219.3 2,412.9 2,596.2 2,243.7 2,301.2 2,269.2 -32.0

State government, excluding education

2,694.6 2,677.6 2,670.8 2,664.6 2,706.8 2,686.4 2,683.0 2,675.7 -7.3

Local government

14,822 13,856 13,677 13,807 14,669 13,634 13,680 13,636 -44

Local government education

8,307.5 7,634.1 7,518.5 7,644.5 8,029.6 7,326.4 7,392.2 7,355.6 -36.6

Local government, excluding education

6,514.8 6,222.1 6,158.4 6,162.7 6,639.7 6,307.3 6,288.2 6,280.1 -8.1

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.4 34.7 34.9 34.6

Goods-producing

40.3 39.9 40.2 39.6

Mining and logging

45.6 45.0 45.4 44.9

Construction

39.2 39.2 39.3 38.2

Manufacturing

40.7 40.0 40.4 40.2

Durable goods

41.1 40.3 40.7 40.4

Nondurable goods

39.9 39.7 39.9 39.9

Private service-providing

33.3 33.6 33.9 33.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.2 34.1 34.4 34.2

Wholesale trade

38.8 38.6 39.1 38.7

Retail trade

30.7 30.4 30.7 30.5

Transportation and warehousing

38.3 38.9 39.0 38.9

Utilities

42.6 42.8 42.9 42.9

Information

36.2 37.1 37.4 37.3

Financial activities

37.6 37.7 37.8 37.7

Professional and business services

36.2 36.7 36.9 36.6

Education and health services

33.1 33.5 33.6 33.2

Leisure and hospitality

25.8 25.2 25.8 25.3

Other services

31.9 32.4 32.6 32.2

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.2 3.2 3.2 3.1

Durable goods

3.2 3.1 3.1 3.0

Nondurable goods

3.2 3.4 3.3 3.2

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)
Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)

Total private

$28.51 $29.91 $29.94 $30.01 $980.74 $1,037.88 $1,044.91 $1,038.35

Goods-producing

29.56 30.30 30.39 30.40 1,191.27 1,208.97 1,221.68 1,203.84

Mining and logging

34.41 34.67 34.71 34.84 1,569.10 1,560.15 1,575.83 1,564.32

Construction

31.36 32.09 32.22 32.33 1,229.31 1,257.93 1,266.25 1,235.01

Manufacturing

28.23 29.00 29.08 29.06 1,148.96 1,160.00 1,174.83 1,168.21

Durable goods

29.65 30.49 30.52 30.48 1,218.62 1,228.75 1,242.16 1,231.39

Nondurable goods

25.78 26.54 26.67 26.72 1,028.62 1,053.64 1,064.13 1,066.13

Private service-providing

28.26 29.82 29.84 29.92 941.06 1,001.95 1,011.58 1,005.31

Trade, transportation, and utilities

24.65 25.67 25.69 25.67 843.03 875.35 883.74 877.91

Wholesale trade

31.81 32.87 32.96 33.12 1,234.23 1,268.78 1,288.74 1,281.74

Retail trade

20.18 21.33 21.36 21.23 619.53 648.43 655.75 647.52

Transportation and warehousing

25.05 25.72 25.65 25.72 959.42 1,000.51 1,000.35 1,000.51

Utilities

42.42 44.13 44.24 44.09 1,807.09 1,888.76 1,897.90 1,891.46

Information

42.95 44.28 44.45 44.77 1,554.79 1,642.79 1,662.43 1,669.92

Financial activities

36.85 39.06 39.25 39.73 1,385.56 1,472.56 1,483.65 1,497.82

Professional and business services

34.43 35.59 35.73 35.88 1,246.37 1,306.15 1,318.44 1,313.21

Education and health services

27.90 29.45 29.30 29.27 923.49 986.58 984.48 971.76

Leisure and hospitality

16.90 17.15 17.21 17.28 436.02 432.18 444.02 437.18

Other services

25.59 26.85 26.92 27.10 816.32 869.94 877.59 872.62

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)
Percent change from:
Jan.
2021 - Feb.
2021(p)
Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)
Percent change from:
Jan.
2021 - Feb.
2021(p)

Total private

112.0 105.4 106.1 105.6 -0.5 152.7 150.8 151.9 151.5 -0.3

Goods-producing

97.0 92.0 92.6 91.0 -1.7 129.7 125.9 127.2 125.0 -1.7

Mining and logging

98.9 84.4 85.2 83.1 -2.5 136.6 117.5 118.7 116.2 -2.1

Construction

103.3 100.0 100.3 96.7 -3.6 140.8 139.4 140.4 135.8 -3.3

Manufacturing

93.7 88.0 88.8 88.5 -0.3 123.0 118.7 120.1 119.6 -0.4

Durable goods

92.7 86.2 86.9 86.4 -0.6 122.0 116.7 117.8 117.0 -0.7

Nondurable goods

95.4 91.8 92.3 92.4 0.1 124.8 123.6 124.9 125.2 0.2

Private service-providing

116.4 109.1 110.1 109.7 -0.4 159.9 158.1 159.8 159.6 -0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

104.0 100.4 101.5 101.1 -0.4 138.3 139.0 140.6 139.9 -0.5

Wholesale trade

100.9 95.6 97.1 96.2 -0.9 134.2 131.5 133.9 133.3 -0.4

Retail trade

97.3 93.6 94.8 94.4 -0.4 129.8 131.9 133.8 132.5 -1.0

Transportation and warehousing

128.1 126.7 126.7 126.5 -0.2 163.3 165.8 165.3 165.5 0.1

Utilities

100.9 99.7 100.1 100.0 -0.1 141.4 145.4 146.3 145.7 -0.4

Information

96.3 90.1 91.2 90.8 -0.4 147.3 142.0 144.3 144.8 0.3

Financial activities

109.3 108.4 108.7 108.3 -0.4 157.2 165.1 166.4 167.9 0.9

Professional and business services

121.9 118.3 119.4 118.8 -0.5 169.9 170.4 172.7 172.6 -0.1

Education and health services

132.8 127.2 127.4 126.1 -1.0 178.2 180.2 179.6 177.6 -1.1

Leisure and hospitality

124.5 94.4 96.5 97.2 0.7 169.8 130.7 134.0 135.5 1.1

Other services

109.2 102.2 103.0 101.9 -1.1 153.2 150.3 152.0 151.4 -0.4

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)
Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)

Total nonfarm

76,309 70,852 70,999 71,244 50.0 49.7 49.8 49.8

Total private

63,118 58,520 58,600 58,859 48.7 48.3 48.4 48.4

Goods-producing

4,756 4,581 4,578 4,586 22.5 22.6 22.6 22.7

Mining and logging

89 84 81 81 12.9 14.1 13.6 13.8

Construction

996 983 985 986 13.0 13.3 13.3 13.4

Manufacturing

3,671 3,514 3,512 3,519 28.7 28.7 28.7 28.8

Durable goods

1,947 1,861 1,859 1,864 24.3 24.5 24.5 24.5

Nondurable goods

1,724 1,653 1,653 1,655 36.0 35.7 35.7 35.7

Private service-providing

58,362 53,939 54,022 54,273 53.8 53.5 53.5 53.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

11,158 10,617 10,630 10,626 40.0 39.3 39.3 39.2

Wholesale trade

1,770.9 1,678.0 1,687.3 1,690.8 30.0 29.9 30.0 30.0

Retail trade

7,736.9 7,352.9 7,368.9 7,381.4 49.6 48.5 48.5 48.4

Transportation and warehousing

1,517.3 1,452.8 1,440.4 1,420.2 26.1 25.6 25.5 25.1

Utilities

133.3 133.6 133.6 133.2 24.4 24.8 24.8 24.7

Information

1,154 1,062 1,070 1,058 39.6 39.9 40.1 39.7

Financial activities

5,015 4,961 4,958 4,958 56.5 56.5 56.5 56.5

Professional and business services

9,845 9,451 9,503 9,553 45.9 46.0 46.1 46.2

Education and health services

19,016 17,978 17,957 17,994 77.4 77.3 77.3 77.3

Leisure and hospitality

9,004 6,972 6,998 7,158 53.2 53.1 53.4 53.2

Other services

3,170 2,898 2,906 2,926 53.4 53.0 53.0 53.3

Government

13,191 12,332 12,399 12,385 57.8 57.5 57.6 57.7

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)

Total private

106,651 98,617 98,652 99,001

Goods-producing

15,137 14,360 14,332 14,296

Mining and logging

496 426 428 420

Construction

5,709 5,463 5,447 5,390

Manufacturing

8,932 8,471 8,457 8,486

Durable goods

5,499 5,149 5,136 5,158

Nondurable goods

3,433 3,322 3,321 3,328

Private service-providing

91,514 84,257 84,320 84,705

Trade, transportation, and utilities

23,575 22,855 22,870 22,852

Wholesale trade

4,721.3 4,453.4 4,477.6 4,481.9

Retail trade

13,323.2 12,936.1 12,986.7 13,014.3

Transportation and warehousing

5,091.8 5,039.3 4,977.5 4,928.1

Utilities

438.9 425.8 427.9 427.6

Information

2,338 2,092 2,116 2,115

Financial activities

6,870 6,667 6,657 6,635

Professional and business services

17,414 16,534 16,637 16,701

Education and health services

21,572 20,370 20,344 20,362

Leisure and hospitality

14,846 11,287 11,243 11,585

Other services

4,899 4,452 4,453 4,455

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.7 34.2 34.4 34.0

Goods-producing

41.0 40.9 41.1 40.4

Mining and logging

45.8 45.9 46.2 46.0

Construction

39.5 39.8 40.2 38.7

Manufacturing

41.7 41.3 41.5 41.2

Durable goods

42.0 41.5 41.8 41.3

Nondurable goods

41.2 41.1 41.0 41.1

Private service-providing

32.5 33.0 33.3 32.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

33.9 34.1 34.5 34.3

Wholesale trade

38.6 38.5 38.9 38.6

Retail trade

30.4 30.6 30.9 30.9

Transportation and warehousing

38.0 38.5 39.1 38.7

Utilities

43.0 42.4 42.5 42.6

Information

35.2 36.5 36.5 36.3

Financial activities

36.8 37.4 37.5 37.5

Professional and business services

35.6 36.3 36.4 35.9

Education and health services

32.3 32.9 32.9 32.5

Leisure and hospitality

24.7 23.8 24.6 24.1

Other services

31.0 31.4 31.5 31.1

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.0 4.1 4.1 4.0

Durable goods

4.1 4.0 4.1 4.0

Nondurable goods

3.9 4.2 4.0 4.0

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)
Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)

Total private

$23.96 $25.15 $25.15 $25.19 $807.45 $860.13 $865.16 $856.46

Goods-producing

25.15 25.77 25.84 25.80 1,031.15 1,053.99 1,062.02 1,042.32

Mining and logging

30.79 30.16 30.51 30.48 1,410.18 1,384.34 1,409.56 1,402.08

Construction

28.96 29.64 29.70 29.73 1,143.92 1,179.67 1,193.94 1,150.55

Manufacturing

22.50 23.12 23.18 23.19 938.25 954.86 961.97 955.43

Durable goods

23.52 24.12 24.19 24.21 987.84 1,000.98 1,011.14 999.87

Nondurable goods

20.85 21.55 21.57 21.62 859.02 885.71 884.37 888.58

Private service-providing

23.71 25.03 25.00 25.06 770.58 825.99 832.50 824.47

Trade, transportation, and utilities

20.96 21.74 21.71 21.67 710.54 741.33 749.00 743.28

Wholesale trade

26.25 27.12 27.22 27.23 1,013.25 1,044.12 1,058.86 1,051.08

Retail trade

16.98 17.96 17.90 17.87 516.19 549.58 553.11 552.18

Transportation and warehousing

22.67 23.10 23.00 22.96 861.46 889.35 899.30 888.55

Utilities

37.79 39.00 39.20 39.43 1,624.97 1,653.60 1,666.00 1,679.72

Information

34.65 36.19 36.54 36.70 1,219.68 1,320.94 1,333.71 1,332.21

Financial activities

28.25 29.68 29.92 29.95 1,039.60 1,110.03 1,122.00 1,123.13

Professional and business services

28.45 29.66 29.74 29.91 1,012.82 1,076.66 1,082.54 1,073.77

Education and health services

24.77 26.28 26.06 26.16 800.07 864.61 857.37 850.20

Leisure and hospitality

14.91 14.66 14.83 15.03 368.28 348.91 364.82 362.22

Other services

21.79 22.93 22.94 23.01 675.49 720.00 722.61 715.61

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)
Percent change from:
Jan.
2021 - Feb.
2021(p)
Feb.
2020
Dec.
2020
Jan.
2021(p)
Feb.
2021(p)
Percent change from:
Jan.
2021 - Feb.
2021(p)

Total private

119.8 112.4 113.1 112.2 -0.8 191.8 188.9 190.1 188.8 -0.7

Goods-producing

94.8 89.8 90.0 88.3 -1.9 146.1 141.6 142.4 139.4 -2.1

Mining and logging

120.7 103.9 105.1 102.7 -2.3 216.2 182.3 186.5 182.0 -2.4

Construction

112.9 108.9 109.6 104.4 -4.7 176.6 174.2 175.8 167.7 -4.6

Manufacturing

85.5 80.3 80.6 80.3 -0.4 125.8 121.4 122.1 121.7 -0.3

Durable goods

86.8 80.3 80.7 80.0 -0.9 127.4 120.9 121.8 121.0 -0.7

Nondurable goods

83.3 80.4 80.2 80.6 0.5 122.8 122.5 122.3 123.1 0.7

Private service-providing

126.7 118.5 119.6 118.7 -0.8 206.1 203.4 205.1 204.1 -0.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

111.8 109.0 110.3 109.6 -0.6 167.4 169.3 171.2 169.7 -0.9

Wholesale trade

108.2 101.8 103.4 102.7 -0.7 167.6 162.9 166.1 165.0 -0.7

Retail trade

102.5 100.2 101.6 101.8 0.2 149.1 154.2 155.8 155.8 0.0

Transportation and warehousing

146.4 146.8 147.3 144.3 -2.0 211.3 215.9 215.6 210.9 -2.2

Utilities

96.5 92.3 93.0 93.2 0.2 152.2 150.3 152.2 153.3 0.7

Information

93.9 87.2<