Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until		USDL-21-0365
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, March 5, 2021

Technical information: 
 Household data:	cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:	cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


			THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- FEBRUARY 2021


Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 379,000 in February, and the unemployment rate 
was little changed at 6.2 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. 
The labor market continued to reflect the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.
In February, most of the job gains occurred in leisure and hospitality, with smaller 
gains in temporary help services, health care and social assistance, retail trade, and
manufacturing. Employment declined in state and local government education, construction,
and mining. 

 _______________________________________________________________________________________
|											|
|		 Effect of Severe Winter Storms on Employment Estimates			|
|											|
| Severe winter weather occurred in much of the country during the February reference 	|
| periods for the establishment and household surveys. For information on how weather 	|
| can affect data on employment and hours, see Question 8 in the Frequently Asked 	|
| Questions section of this news release.						|
|_______________________________________________________________________________________|


This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey 
measures labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The
establishment survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For
more information about the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two 
surveys, see the Technical Note.

Household Survey Data

Both the unemployment rate, at 6.2 percent, and the number of unemployed persons, at 
10.0 million, changed little in February. Although both measures are much lower than 
their April 2020 highs, they remain well above their pre-pandemic levels in February 2020
(3.5 percent and 5.7 million, respectively). (See table A-1. See the box note at the end
of this news release for more information about how the household survey and its measures
were affected by the coronavirus pandemic.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for Asians declined to 5.1 percent
in February. The rates for adult men (6.0 percent), adult women (5.9 percent), teenagers
(13.9 percent), Whites (5.6 percent), Blacks (9.9 percent), and Hispanics (8.5 percent)
showed little or no change. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of persons on temporary layoff fell by 517,000 in 
February to 2.2 million. This measure is 1.5 million higher than the level a year 
earlier but is down considerably from the recent high of 18.0 million in April 2020. The
number of permanent job losers, at 3.5 million, was essentially unchanged in February 
but is 2.2 million higher than a year earlier. (See table A-11.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more), at 4.1 million,
changed little over the month but is up by 3.0 million over the year. In February, these
long-term unemployed accounted for 41.5 percent of the total unemployed. The number of 
persons jobless less than 5 weeks, at 2.2 million, also changed little over the month. 
(See table A-12.)

The labor force participation rate remained at 61.4 percent in February. This measure is
1.9 percentage points lower than the value a year earlier. The employment-population 
ratio, at 57.6 percent, changed little over the month but is down by 3.5 percentage 
points over the year. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons, at 6.1 million, changed 
little in February but is up by 1.7 million over the year. These individuals, who would 
have preferred full-time employment, were working part time because their hours had been
reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-8.)

In February, the number of persons not in the labor force who currently want a job was 
6.9 million, little changed over the month but up by 1.9 million over the year. These 
individuals were not counted as unemployed because they were not actively looking for 
work during the last 4 weeks or were unavailable to take a job. (See table A-1.)

Among those not in the labor force who currently want a job, the number of persons 
marginally attached to the labor force, at 1.9 million, was essentially unchanged in 
February but is up by 453,000 over the year. These individuals wanted and were available
for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months but had not looked for
work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. The number of discouraged workers, a subset of
the marginally attached who believed that no jobs were available for them, was 522,000 
in February, little changed from the previous month but up by 121,000 over the year. 
(See Summary table A.)

Household Survey Supplemental Data

In February, 22.7 percent of employed persons teleworked because of the coronavirus 
pandemic, down from 23.2 percent in January. These data refer to employed persons who 
teleworked or worked at home for pay at some point in the last 4 weeks specifically 
because of the pandemic.

In February, 13.3 million persons reported that they had been unable to work because 
their employer closed or lost business due to the pandemic--that is, they did not work 
at all or worked fewer hours at some point in the last 4 weeks due to the pandemic. 
This measure is down from 14.8 million in January. Among those who reported in February
that they were unable to work because of pandemic-related closures or lost business, 
10.5 percent received at least some pay from their employer for the hours not worked, 
down from 12.7 percent in January.

Among those not in the labor force in February, 4.2 million persons were prevented from
looking for work due to the pandemic. This measure is down from 4.7 million in January.
(To be counted as unemployed, by definition, individuals must be either actively looking
for work or on temporary layoff.)

These supplemental data come from questions added to the household survey beginning in 
May 2020 to help gauge the effects of the pandemic on the labor market. The data are not
seasonally adjusted. Tables with estimates from the supplemental questions for all 
months are available online at 
www.bls.gov/cps/effects-of-the-coronavirus-covid-19-pandemic.htm.

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 379,000 in February but is down by 9.5 
million, or 6.2 percent, from its pre-pandemic level in February 2020. In February of 
this year, most of the job gains occurred in leisure and hospitality, with smaller gains
in temporary help services, health care and social assistance, retail trade, and 
manufacturing. Employment declined in state and local government education, construction,
and mining. (See table B-1. See the box note at the end of this news release for more 
information about how the establishment survey and its measures were affected by the 
coronavirus pandemic.)

In February, employment in leisure and hospitality increased by 355,000, as pandemic-
related restrictions eased in some parts of the country. About four-fifths of the 
increase was in food services and drinking places (+286,000). Employment also rose in 
accommodation (+36,000) and in amusements, gambling, and recreation (+33,000). 
Employment in leisure and hospitality is down over the year by 3.5 million, or 20.4
percent.

Within professional and business services, temporary help services added 53,000 jobs in
February but is down by 175,000 from a year ago. 

Employment in health care and social assistance increased by 46,000 in February. Health
care employment was little changed over the month (+20,000), following a large decline
in the prior month (-85,000). In February, job gains in ambulatory health care services
(+29,000) were partially offset by losses in nursing care facilities (-12,000). 
Employment in social assistance rose by 26,000, mostly in individual and family 
services (+18,000). Employment in health care and social assistance is down by 909,000
over the year.

Retail trade added 41,000 jobs in February. Job growth was widespread in the industry, 
with the largest gains occurring in general merchandise stores (+14,000), health and 
personal care stores (+12,000), and food and beverage stores (+10,000). These gains were
partially offset by a loss in clothing and clothing accessories stores (-20,000). 
Following steep job losses in March and April of 2020 (-2.4 million jobs over the 2 
months combined), retail trade has added 2.0 million jobs from May through February. 

Manufacturing employment increased by 21,000 over the month, led by a gain in 
transportation equipment (+10,000). Employment in manufacturing is down by 561,000 over 
the year.

In February, employment declined in local government education (-37,000) and state 
government education (-32,000). For both industries, February losses partially offset
gains in January. Pandemic-related employment declines in 2020 distorted the normal 
seasonal buildup and layoff patterns in the education sector, making it more challenging
to discern the current employment trends in these industries.

Employment in construction fell by 61,000 in February, largely reflecting declines in 
nonresidential specialty trade contractors (-37,000) and heavy and civil engineering 
construction (-21,000). Severe winter weather across much of the country may have held 
down employment in construction. Employment in the industry is 308,000 below its level a
year earlier.

Mining shed 8,000 jobs in February, with losses occurring in support activities for
mining (-6,000) and in oil and gas extraction (-2,000). Mining has lost 153,000 jobs 
since an employment peak in January 2019, though nearly two-thirds of the loss has 
occurred over the past year.

In February, employment changed little in other major industries, including wholesale 
trade, transportation and warehousing, information, financial activities, and other 
services. 

In February, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls 
increased by 7 cents to $30.01. Average hourly earnings for private-sector production 
and nonsupervisory employees, at $25.19, changed little (+4 cents). The large employment
fluctuations over the past year--especially in industries with lower-paid workers--
complicate the analysis of recent trends in average hourly earnings. (See tables B-3 and
B-8.)

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls declined by 0.3 hour 
to 34.6 hours in February. In manufacturing, the workweek declined by 0.2 hour to 40.2 
hours, and overtime declined by 0.1 hour to 3.1 hours. The average workweek for 
production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls declined by 0.4 hour 
to 34.0 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for December was revised down by 79,000, 
from -227,000 to -306,000, and the change for January was revised up by 117,000, from 
+49,000 to +166,000. With these revisions, employment in December and January combined 
was 38,000 higher than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional 
reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published 
estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.)

____________
The Employment Situation for March is scheduled to be released on Friday, April 2, 2021,
at 8:30 a.m. (ET).


 _______________________________________________________________________________________
|											|
|                    Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact on February 2021                     |
|			Household and Establishment Survey Data				|
|											|
| Data collection for both surveys was affected by the pandemic. In the establishment 	|
| survey, more data continued to be collected by web than in months prior to the 	|
| pandemic. In the household survey, for the safety of both interviewers and 		|
| respondents, in-person interviews were conducted only when telephone interviews could |
| not be done.  									|
|											|
| As in previous months, some workers affected by the pandemic who should have been 	|
| classified as unemployed on temporary layoff were instead misclassified as employed 	|
| but not at work. However, the share of responses that may have been misclassified was |
| highest in the early months of the pandemic and has been considerably lower in recent |
| months. Since March 2020, BLS has published an estimate of what the unemployment rate |
| might have been had misclassified workers been included among the unemployed. 	|
| Repeating this same approach, the seasonally adjusted February unemployment rate 	|
| would have been 0.5 percentage point higher than reported. However, this represents 	|
| the upper bound of our estimate of misclassification and probably overstates the size |
| of the misclassification error. 							|
| 											|
| More information about the impact of the pandemic on the two surveys is available at  |
| www.bls.gov/covid19/employment-situation-covid19-faq-february-2021.htm. 		|
|_______________________________________________________________________________________|

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Category	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Change from: Jan. 2021- Feb. 2021
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population	259,628	261,230	260,851	260,918	67
Civilian labor force	164,448	160,567	160,161	160,211	50
Participation rate	63.3	61.5	61.4	61.4	0.0
Employed	158,732	149,830	150,031	150,239	208
Employment-population ratio	61.1	57.4	57.5	57.6	0.1
Unemployed	5,717	10,736	10,130	9,972	-158
Unemployment rate	3.5	6.7	6.3	6.2	-0.1
Not in labor force	95,180	100,663	100,690	100,708	18
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over	3.5	6.7	6.3	6.2	-0.1
Adult men (20 years and over)	3.2	6.4	6.0	6.0	0.0
Adult women (20 years and over)	3.1	6.3	6.0	5.9	-0.1
Teenagers (16 to 19 years)	11.5	16.0	14.8	13.9	-0.9
White	3.0	6.0	5.7	5.6	-0.1
Black or African American	6.0	9.9	9.2	9.9	0.7
Asian	2.4	5.9	6.6	5.1	-1.5
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	4.4	9.3	8.6	8.5	-0.1
Total, 25 years and over	2.9	5.8	5.7	5.6	-0.1
Less than a high school diploma	5.8	9.8	9.1	10.1	1.0
High school graduates, no college	3.5	7.8	7.1	7.2	0.1
Some college or associate degree	3.0	6.3	6.2	5.9	-0.3
Bachelor's degree and higher	1.9	3.8	4.0	3.8	-0.2
Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	2,686	7,210	6,997	6,586	-411
Job leavers	766	743	653	701	48
Reentrants	1,798	2,250	1,963	2,124	161
New entrants	512	509	542	582	40
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks	2,082	2,904	2,278	2,185	-93
5 to 14 weeks	1,753	2,222	2,528	2,254	-274
15 to 26 weeks	817	1,572	1,346	1,407	61
27 weeks and over	1,111	3,956	4,023	4,148	125
Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons	4,398	6,170	5,954	6,088	134
Slack work or business conditions	2,833	4,891	4,756	4,723	-33
Could only find part-time work	1,340	1,045	986	1,166	180
Part time for noneconomic reasons	22,231	18,237	18,519	18,369	-150
Persons not in the labor force
Marginally attached to the labor force	1,437	2,186	1,917	1,890	-27
Discouraged workers	401	663	624	522	-102
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	289	-306	166	379
Total private	243	-274	90	465
Goods-producing	41	82	-13	-48
Mining and logging	1	0	0	-8
Construction	33	47	1	-61
Manufacturing	7	35	-14	21
Durable goods(1)	5	18	-15	17
Motor vehicles and parts	10.3	3.9	-5.7	0.1
Nondurable goods	2	17	1	4
Private service-providing	202	-356	103	513
Wholesale trade	-5.9	14.8	13.9	3.6
Retail trade	4.6	30.1	46.3	41.1
Transportation and warehousing	25.0	-43.2	-14.1	4.4
Utilities	-0.2	-1.0	0.7	-0.4
Information	4	9	10	-3
Financial activities	26	18	1	-5
Professional and business services(1)	32	159	85	63
Temporary help services	-4.9	62.1	96.4	52.7
Education and health services(1)	52	-29	-26	44
Health care and social assistance	59.6	38.9	-96.2	45.6
Leisure and hospitality	57	-498	-25	355
Other services	7	-16	12	10
Government	46	-32	76	-86
(3-month average change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	255	213	41	80
Total private	215	346	58	94
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)
Total nonfarm women employees	50.0	49.7	49.8	49.8
Total private women employees	48.7	48.3	48.4	48.4
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees	82.2	81.5	81.4	81.4
HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	34.4	34.7	34.9	34.6
Average hourly earnings	$28.51	$29.91	$29.94	$30.01
Average weekly earnings	$980.74	$1,037.88	$1,044.91	$1,038.35
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)	112.0	105.4	106.1	105.6
Over-the-month percent change	0.4	-0.6	0.7	-0.5
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)	152.7	150.8	151.9	151.5
Over-the-month percent change	0.8	0.5	0.7	-0.3
DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)(5)
Total private (257 industries)	55.1	61.7	48.4	57.0
Manufacturing (75 industries)	43.3	70.0	44.7	59.3
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. (4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. (5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.

Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 144,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 697,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll jobs.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during
the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or 
more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and
duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component
series, and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted
total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 110,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-60,000 to +160,000 (50,000 +/- 110,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.2 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.3 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Feb. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Oct. 2020	Nov. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population	259,628	260,851	260,918	259,628	260,925	261,085	261,230	260,851	260,918
Civilian labor force	164,235	159,234	160,008	164,448	160,718	160,536	160,567	160,161	160,211
Participation rate	63.3	61.0	61.3	63.3	61.6	61.5	61.5	61.4	61.4
Employed	158,017	148,383	149,522	158,732	149,669	149,809	149,830	150,031	150,239
Employment-population ratio	60.9	56.9	57.3	61.1	57.4	57.4	57.4	57.5	57.6
Unemployed	6,218	10,851	10,486	5,717	11,049	10,728	10,736	10,130	9,972
Unemployment rate	3.8	6.8	6.6	3.5	6.9	6.7	6.7	6.3	6.2
Not in labor force	95,393	101,618	100,910	95,180	100,207	100,548	100,663	100,690	100,708
Persons who currently want a job	4,973	7,129	6,902	5,010	6,682	7,127	7,331	6,957	6,933
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	125,575	126,192	126,224	125,575	126,218	126,296	126,367	126,192	126,224
Civilian labor force	86,597	84,537	84,754	86,914	85,495	85,161	85,175	85,149	85,061
Participation rate	69.0	67.0	67.1	69.2	67.7	67.4	67.4	67.5	67.4
Employed	83,047	78,535	78,855	83,867	79,537	79,267	79,481	79,714	79,666
Employment-population ratio	66.1	62.2	62.5	66.8	63.0	62.8	62.9	63.2	63.1
Unemployed	3,549	6,003	5,899	3,048	5,958	5,894	5,694	5,434	5,395
Unemployment rate	4.1	7.1	7.0	3.5	7.0	6.9	6.7	6.4	6.3
Not in labor force	38,979	41,655	41,470	38,661	40,722	41,135	41,192	41,043	41,163
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	117,181	117,864	117,902	117,181	117,854	117,936	118,010	117,864	117,902
Civilian labor force	83,804	81,801	81,978	83,930	82,505	82,226	82,244	82,173	82,095
Participation rate	71.5	69.4	69.5	71.6	70.0	69.7	69.7	69.7	69.6
Employed	80,592	76,239	76,568	81,235	77,013	76,777	77,004	77,204	77,193
Employment-population ratio	68.8	64.7	64.9	69.3	65.3	65.1	65.3	65.5	65.5
Unemployed	3,212	5,562	5,410	2,695	5,492	5,449	5,240	4,969	4,902
Unemployment rate	3.8	6.8	6.6	3.2	6.7	6.6	6.4	6.0	6.0
Not in labor force	33,377	36,063	35,924	33,251	35,349	35,710	35,767	35,691	35,807
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	134,053	134,660	134,694	134,053	134,707	134,788	134,862	134,660	134,694
Civilian labor force	77,638	74,696	75,254	77,534	75,222	75,376	75,392	75,012	75,149
Participation rate	57.9	55.5	55.9	57.8	55.8	55.9	55.9	55.7	55.8
Employed	74,970	69,848	70,667	74,865	70,131	70,542	70,350	70,316	70,572
Employment-population ratio	55.9	51.9	52.5	55.8	52.1	52.3	52.2	52.2	52.4
Unemployed	2,668	4,848	4,587	2,669	5,091	4,834	5,042	4,696	4,577
Unemployment rate	3.4	6.5	6.1	3.4	6.8	6.4	6.7	6.3	6.1
Not in labor force	56,415	59,963	59,440	56,519	59,485	59,413	59,471	59,648	59,545
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	125,841	126,507	126,546	125,841	126,520	126,604	126,681	126,507	126,546
Civilian labor force	74,768	71,975	72,445	74,501	72,255	72,395	72,422	72,147	72,173
Participation rate	59.4	56.9	57.2	59.2	57.1	57.2	57.2	57.0	57.0
Employed	72,413	67,538	68,163	72,171	67,534	67,941	67,872	67,851	67,928
Employment-population ratio	57.5	53.4	53.9	57.4	53.4	53.7	53.6	53.6	53.7
Unemployed	2,355	4,437	4,283	2,330	4,721	4,453	4,551	4,296	4,245
Unemployment rate	3.1	6.2	5.9	3.1	6.5	6.2	6.3	6.0	5.9
Not in labor force	51,073	54,532	54,101	51,341	54,265	54,209	54,259	54,360	54,373
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population	16,606	16,481	16,470	16,606	16,551	16,545	16,538	16,481	16,470
Civilian labor force	5,663	5,458	5,585	6,017	5,958	5,915	5,900	5,841	5,942
Participation rate	34.1	33.1	33.9	36.2	36.0	35.8	35.7	35.4	36.1
Employed	5,012	4,606	4,792	5,326	5,122	5,091	4,955	4,975	5,118
Employment-population ratio	30.2	27.9	29.1	32.1	30.9	30.8	30.0	30.2	31.1
Unemployed	651	852	793	691	836	825	946	865	825
Unemployment rate	11.5	15.6	14.2	11.5	14.0	13.9	16.0	14.8	13.9
Not in labor force	10,943	11,023	10,885	10,588	10,593	10,630	10,638	10,640	10,528
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Feb. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Oct. 2020	Nov. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population	200,968	201,588	201,606	200,968	201,610	201,685	201,749	201,588	201,606
Civilian labor force	126,954	123,054	123,680	127,019	124,672	124,038	124,208	123,727	123,737
Participation rate	63.2	61.0	61.3	63.2	61.8	61.5	61.6	61.4	61.4
Employed	122,669	115,454	116,369	123,149	117,146	116,665	116,703	116,699	116,859
Employment-population ratio	61.0	57.3	57.7	61.3	58.1	57.8	57.8	57.9	58.0
Unemployed	4,285	7,601	7,312	3,869	7,525	7,373	7,505	7,027	6,878
Unemployment rate	3.4	6.2	5.9	3.0	6.0	5.9	6.0	5.7	5.6
Not in labor force	74,014	78,534	77,926	73,949	76,939	77,647	77,541	77,862	77,869
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	66,057	64,287	64,441	66,029	65,123	64,648	64,593	64,550	64,434
Participation rate	71.7	69.5	69.7	71.7	70.4	69.9	69.8	69.8	69.7
Employed	63,767	60,252	60,565	64,175	61,314	60,844	60,872	60,988	60,989
Employment-population ratio	69.2	65.2	65.5	69.7	66.3	65.8	65.8	66.0	66.0
Unemployed	2,290	4,035	3,875	1,854	3,808	3,804	3,721	3,561	3,446
Unemployment rate	3.5	6.3	6.0	2.8	5.8	5.9	5.8	5.5	5.3
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	56,477	54,489	54,824	56,264	54,866	54,717	54,980	54,529	54,599
Participation rate	58.4	56.1	56.5	58.2	56.5	56.4	56.6	56.2	56.3
Employed	54,914	51,581	51,985	54,711	51,761	51,765	51,871	51,739	51,782
Employment-population ratio	56.8	53.2	53.6	56.6	53.3	53.3	53.4	53.3	53.4
Unemployed	1,563	2,908	2,838	1,553	3,105	2,953	3,109	2,790	2,817
Unemployment rate	2.8	5.3	5.2	2.8	5.7	5.4	5.7	5.1	5.2
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	4,420	4,278	4,416	4,726	4,683	4,673	4,635	4,648	4,704
Participation rate	36.3	35.4	36.5	38.8	38.6	38.5	38.2	38.4	38.9
Employed	3,988	3,620	3,818	4,263	4,071	4,056	3,960	3,972	4,088
Employment-population ratio	32.7	29.9	31.6	35.0	33.5	33.4	32.7	32.8	33.8
Unemployed	432	657	598	462	612	616	675	676	616
Unemployment rate	9.8	15.4	13.5	9.8	13.1	13.2	14.6	14.5	13.1
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	33,211	33,493	33,511	33,211	33,453	33,486	33,516	33,493	33,511
Civilian labor force	20,833	20,087	20,041	20,950	20,123	20,165	20,055	20,189	20,154
Participation rate	62.7	60.0	59.8	63.1	60.2	60.2	59.8	60.3	60.1
Employed	19,530	18,124	17,989	19,699	17,955	18,087	18,061	18,323	18,159
Employment-population ratio	58.8	54.1	53.7	59.3	53.7	54.0	53.9	54.7	54.2
Unemployed	1,303	1,963	2,052	1,251	2,169	2,077	1,994	1,866	1,995
Unemployment rate	6.3	9.8	10.2	6.0	10.8	10.3	9.9	9.2	9.9
Not in labor force	12,379	13,406	13,470	12,262	13,330	13,321	13,461	13,305	13,357
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	9,408	9,281	9,278	9,479	9,224	9,217	9,222	9,348	9,340
Participation rate	67.3	65.6	65.6	67.8	65.4	65.2	65.2	66.1	66.0
Employed	8,779	8,346	8,261	8,910	8,166	8,184	8,265	8,468	8,383
Employment-population ratio	62.8	59.0	58.4	63.7	57.9	57.9	58.4	59.9	59.2
Unemployed	629	935	1,017	568	1,058	1,033	956	880	957
Unemployment rate	6.7	10.1	11.0	6.0	11.5	11.2	10.4	9.4	10.2
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	10,726	10,152	10,120	10,733	10,169	10,242	10,088	10,138	10,127
Participation rate	63.9	59.9	59.7	63.9	60.1	60.4	59.5	59.8	59.7
Employed	10,194	9,236	9,201	10,211	9,230	9,320	9,238	9,274	9,225
Employment-population ratio	60.7	54.5	54.2	60.8	54.5	55.0	54.5	54.7	54.4
Unemployed	532	915	919	522	939	921	849	864	902
Unemployment rate	5.0	9.0	9.1	4.9	9.2	9.0	8.4	8.5	8.9
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	698	654	643	738	731	706	746	703	687
Participation rate	28.7	27.3	26.8	30.3	30.3	29.3	31.0	29.3	28.7
Employed	556	542	527	578	559	583	558	581	551
Employment-population ratio	22.9	22.6	22.0	23.7	23.2	24.2	23.2	24.2	23.0
Unemployed	142	113	116	160	172	123	188	122	136
Unemployment rate	20.3	17.2	18.0	21.7	23.5	17.4	25.2	17.3	19.8
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	16,421	16,423	16,588	16,421	16,542	16,558	16,583	16,423	16,588
Civilian labor force	10,596	10,231	10,404	10,530	10,382	10,380	10,253	10,317	10,315
Participation rate	64.5	62.3	62.7	64.1	62.8	62.7	61.8	62.8	62.2
Employed	10,327	9,533	9,873	10,273	9,598	9,685	9,645	9,631	9,792
Employment-population ratio	62.9	58.0	59.5	62.6	58.0	58.5	58.2	58.6	59.0
Unemployed	268	698	532	257	784	695	608	686	523
Unemployment rate	2.5	6.8	5.1	2.4	7.6	6.7	5.9	6.6	5.1
Not in labor force	5,825	6,192	6,184	5,891	6,160	6,179	6,329	6,106	6,273
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Feb. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Oct. 2020	Nov. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population	43,820	44,521	44,587	43,820	44,475	44,559	44,639	44,521	44,587
Civilian labor force	29,750	28,831	29,145	29,805	29,156	29,152	29,150	28,920	29,174
Participation rate	67.9	64.8	65.4	68.0	65.6	65.4	65.3	65.0	65.4
Employed	28,311	26,120	26,527	28,480	26,582	26,688	26,436	26,437	26,701
Employment-population ratio	64.6	58.7	59.5	65.0	59.8	59.9	59.2	59.4	59.9
Unemployed	1,438	2,710	2,619	1,326	2,575	2,463	2,714	2,482	2,473
Unemployment rate	4.8	9.4	9.0	4.4	8.8	8.4	9.3	8.6	8.5
Not in labor force	14,071	15,690	15,442	14,015	15,318	15,407	15,489	15,601	15,413
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	15,985	15,765	15,924	16,030	16,080	15,951	15,856	15,789	15,952
Participation rate	80.8	78.4	79.1	81.0	80.1	79.3	78.6	78.5	79.2
Employed	15,355	14,363	14,557	15,515	14,767	14,700	14,462	14,578	14,727
Employment-population ratio	77.6	71.4	72.3	78.4	73.5	73.0	71.7	72.5	73.1
Unemployed	630	1,402	1,368	515	1,313	1,251	1,395	1,211	1,224
Unemployment rate	3.9	8.9	8.6	3.2	8.2	7.8	8.8	7.7	7.7
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	12,460	11,782	11,845	12,412	11,746	11,821	11,906	11,779	11,794
Participation rate	62.2	57.8	58.0	61.9	57.7	58.0	58.3	57.8	57.8
Employed	11,839	10,702	10,829	11,803	10,688	10,851	10,820	10,743	10,792
Employment-population ratio	59.1	52.5	53.0	58.9	52.5	53.2	52.9	52.7	52.9
Unemployed	622	1,079	1,016	609	1,058	970	1,086	1,036	1,002
Unemployment rate	5.0	9.2	8.6	4.9	9.0	8.2	9.1	8.8	8.5
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	1,305	1,284	1,376	1,363	1,331	1,380	1,388	1,352	1,428
Participation rate	32.6	31.9	34.1	34.1	33.0	34.2	34.3	33.6	35.4
Employed	1,118	1,055	1,141	1,161	1,127	1,137	1,155	1,116	1,182
Employment-population ratio	27.9	26.2	28.3	29.0	27.9	28.2	28.6	27.7	29.3
Unemployed	187	229	235	202	203	243	234	236	247
Unemployment rate	14.3	17.8	17.0	14.8	15.3	17.6	16.8	17.4	17.3
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Feb. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Oct. 2020	Nov. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force	9,341	9,296	8,600	9,689	9,169	9,276	9,147	9,169	8,942
Participation rate	46.0	45.5	44.2	47.7	46.0	45.7	45.0	44.9	45.9
Employed	8,670	8,297	7,579	9,130	8,258	8,418	8,254	8,337	8,035
Employment-population ratio	42.7	40.6	38.9	44.9	41.5	41.4	40.7	40.8	41.2
Unemployed	671	999	1,021	559	911	858	893	832	907
Unemployment rate	7.2	10.7	11.9	5.8	9.9	9.2	9.8	9.1	10.1
High school graduates, no college(1)
Civilian labor force	36,278	34,169	34,436	36,308	35,479	35,163	34,925	34,506	34,462
Participation rate	58.3	54.7	54.7	58.3	55.8	55.4	55.5	55.2	54.7
Employed	34,793	31,482	31,750	35,032	32,607	32,435	32,198	32,051	31,977
Employment-population ratio	55.9	50.4	50.4	56.3	51.3	51.1	51.1	51.3	50.8
Unemployed	1,484	2,687	2,686	1,276	2,873	2,728	2,726	2,455	2,485
Unemployment rate	4.1	7.9	7.8	3.5	8.1	7.8	7.8	7.1	7.2
Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force	37,291	35,431	35,489	37,228	35,762	35,644	35,676	35,440	35,450
Participation rate	64.7	62.3	62.8	64.6	62.4	62.3	62.5	62.3	62.7
Employed	36,061	33,142	33,292	36,115	33,409	33,387	33,430	33,257	33,360
Employment-population ratio	62.6	58.2	58.9	62.7	58.3	58.4	58.6	58.4	59.0
Unemployed	1,230	2,289	2,197	1,113	2,354	2,257	2,246	2,183	2,089
Unemployment rate	3.3	6.5	6.2	3.0	6.6	6.3	6.3	6.2	5.9
Bachelor's degree and higher(2)
Civilian labor force	60,589	60,473	61,437	59,972	59,530	59,620	59,940	60,391	60,744
Participation rate	74.0	72.3	72.6	73.2	72.0	72.2	71.9	72.2	71.8
Employed	59,411	58,001	59,092	58,811	57,041	57,095	57,665	57,969	58,417
Employment-population ratio	72.5	69.3	69.8	71.8	69.0	69.1	69.1	69.3	69.1
Unemployed	1,177	2,472	2,344	1,162	2,488	2,524	2,274	2,422	2,327
Unemployment rate	1.9	4.1	3.8	1.9	4.2	4.2	3.8	4.0	3.8
Footnotes (1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Total		Men		Women
	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	18,608	18,942	16,711	16,935	1,897	2,007
Civilian labor force	9,221	9,073	8,058	7,928	1,163	1,145
Participation rate	49.6	47.9	48.2	46.8	61.3	57.0
Employed	8,892	8,576	7,772	7,501	1,120	1,075
Employment-population ratio	47.8	45.3	46.5	44.3	59.1	53.6
Unemployed	329	497	286	427	43	70
Unemployment rate	3.6	5.5	3.6	5.4	3.7	6.1
Not in labor force	9,387	9,869	8,653	9,007	734	862
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	4,314	4,615	3,553	3,795	761	819
Civilian labor force	3,446	3,621	2,877	3,057	570	564
Participation rate	79.9	78.5	81.0	80.5	74.9	68.9
Employed	3,291	3,406	2,737	2,892	554	514
Employment-population ratio	76.3	73.8	77.0	76.2	72.8	62.7
Unemployed	155	215	140	164	16	51
Unemployment rate	4.5	5.9	4.8	5.4	2.8	9.0
Not in labor force	868	994	677	739	191	255
Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,190	3,308	2,701	2,803	489	506
Civilian labor force	2,453	2,457	2,127	2,115	327	343
Participation rate	76.9	74.3	78.7	75.5	66.8	67.8
Employed	2,397	2,371	2,084	2,040	313	331
Employment-population ratio	75.2	71.7	77.2	72.8	63.9	65.5
Unemployed	56	87	42	75	14	12
Unemployment rate	2.3	3.5	2.0	3.6	4.4	3.4
Not in labor force	736	851	574	688	162	163
World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	6,974	6,836	6,731	6,572	243	264
Civilian labor force	1,441	1,170	1,401	1,137	40	33
Participation rate	20.7	17.1	20.8	17.3	16.6	12.4
Employed	1,384	1,115	1,350	1,083	35	33
Employment-population ratio	19.9	16.3	20.1	16.5	14.3	12.4
Unemployed	57	55	51	55	6	0
Unemployment rate	3.9	4.7	3.6	4.8	-	-
Not in labor force	5,533	5,666	5,330	5,435	203	231
Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population	4,130	4,183	3,726	3,765	404	418
Civilian labor force	1,880	1,825	1,654	1,620	226	205
Participation rate	45.5	43.6	44.4	43.0	56.0	49.1
Employed	1,819	1,684	1,600	1,487	219	198
Employment-population ratio	44.0	40.3	43.0	39.5	54.2	47.3
Unemployed	61	140	54	133	8	8
Unemployment rate	3.2	7.7	3.2	8.2	3.3	3.7
Not in labor force	2,250	2,358	2,072	2,145	178	213
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	232,297	233,133	104,503	104,622	127,794	128,510
Civilian labor force	153,043	148,936	77,659	75,818	75,383	73,118
Participation rate	65.9	63.9	74.3	72.5	59.0	56.9
Employed	147,349	139,237	74,499	70,508	72,850	68,728
Employment-population ratio	63.4	59.7	71.3	67.4	57.0	53.5
Unemployed	5,693	9,699	3,160	5,310	2,533	4,390
Unemployment rate	3.7	6.5	4.1	7.0	3.4	6.0
Not in labor force	79,255	84,197	26,844	28,805	52,411	55,392
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). Updated population controls introduced with the release of January 2021 data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Persons with a disability		Persons with no disability
	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	30,972	29,950	228,657	230,968
Civilian labor force	6,420	5,961	157,815	154,047
Participation rate	20.7	19.9	69.0	66.7
Employed	5,918	5,210	152,100	144,312
Employment-population ratio	19.1	17.4	66.5	62.5
Unemployed	502	751	5,715	9,735
Unemployment rate	7.8	12.6	3.6	6.3
Not in labor force	24,552	23,989	70,842	76,921
Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,752	2,518	77,725	76,486
Participation rate	35.9	33.2	83.0	81.7
Employed	2,483	2,166	74,654	71,255
Employment-population ratio	32.4	28.5	79.7	76.1
Unemployed	269	352	3,070	5,231
Unemployment rate	9.8	14.0	4.0	6.8
Not in labor force	4,920	5,076	15,917	17,157
Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,414	2,460	70,138	68,282
Participation rate	31.7	33.7	72.5	70.5
Employed	2,236	2,119	67,799	64,245
Employment-population ratio	29.4	29.1	70.1	66.3
Unemployed	178	341	2,339	4,037
Unemployment rate	7.4	13.9	3.3	5.9
Not in labor force	5,198	4,834	26,624	28,574
Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force	1,253	983	9,952	9,279
Participation rate	8.0	6.5	26.0	22.9
Employed	1,199	924	9,646	8,812
Employment-population ratio	7.6	6.1	25.2	21.8
Unemployed	55	59	306	467
Unemployment rate	4.4	6.0	3.1	5.0
Not in labor force	14,434	14,079	28,300	31,191
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity	Total		Men		Women
	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	42,956	43,373	20,865	21,082	22,091	22,291
Civilian labor force	28,719	27,946	16,375	16,127	12,344	11,819
Participation rate	66.9	64.4	78.5	76.5	55.9	53.0
Employed	27,697	25,862	15,880	14,990	11,817	10,872
Employment-population ratio	64.5	59.6	76.1	71.1	53.5	48.8
Unemployed	1,022	2,084	495	1,137	527	947
Unemployment rate	3.6	7.5	3.0	7.0	4.3	8.0
Not in labor force	14,237	15,428	4,490	4,956	9,747	10,472
Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	216,673	217,545	104,710	105,142	111,962	112,403
Civilian labor force	135,516	132,062	70,222	68,628	65,294	63,435
Participation rate	62.5	60.7	67.1	65.3	58.3	56.4
Employed	130,320	123,660	67,167	63,865	63,153	59,795
Employment-population ratio	60.1	56.8	64.1	60.7	56.4	53.2
Unemployed	5,196	8,402	3,054	4,762	2,141	3,640
Unemployment rate	3.8	6.4	4.3	6.9	3.3	5.7
Not in labor force	81,157	85,483	34,489	36,515	46,668	48,968
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands]

Category	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Feb. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Oct. 2020	Nov. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries	2,334	2,346	2,184	2,455	2,515	2,432	2,461	2,466	2,308
Wage and salary workers(1)	1,706	1,517	1,450	1,777	1,570	1,553	1,569	1,552	1,519
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	612	778	676	646	881	837	823	827	712
Unpaid family workers	16	50	58	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nonagricultural industries	155,683	146,037	147,338	156,240	147,255	147,314	147,351	147,535	147,895
Wage and salary workers(1)	146,868	137,451	138,602	147,439	138,539	138,891	138,971	138,941	139,243
Government	21,438	20,914	21,218	21,054	20,678	20,418	20,709	20,689	20,829
Private industries	125,430	116,537	117,383	126,208	117,939	118,525	118,123	118,102	118,151
Private households	781	622	604	-	-	-	-	-	-
Other industries	124,649	115,915	116,779	125,323	117,304	117,902	117,472	117,532	117,451
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	8,771	8,515	8,665	8,893	8,690	8,570	8,638	8,721	8,787
Unpaid family workers	45	71	72	-	-	-	-	-	-
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)
All industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	4,600	6,404	6,309	4,398	6,668	6,641	6,170	5,954	6,088
Slack work or business conditions	3,037	5,185	4,958	2,833	5,298	5,223	4,891	4,756	4,723
Could only find part-time work	1,288	981	1,124	1,340	1,135	1,167	1,045	986	1,166
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	22,902	18,407	19,042	22,231	19,465	18,580	18,237	18,519	18,369
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	4,501	6,284	6,199	4,304	6,552	6,582	6,082	5,824	5,986
Slack work or business conditions	2,966	5,102	4,887	2,763	5,227	5,176	4,819	4,691	4,661
Could only find part-time work	1,282	980	1,116	1,330	1,113	1,163	1,037	986	1,154
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	22,473	17,993	18,670	21,801	19,029	18,182	17,846	18,112	17,998
Footnotes (1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. (2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. (3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. (4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Feb. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Oct. 2020	Nov. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	158,017	148,383	149,522	158,732	149,669	149,809	149,830	150,031	150,239
16 to 19 years	5,012	4,606	4,792	5,326	5,122	5,091	4,955	4,975	5,118
16 to 17 years	1,776	1,616	1,709	1,946	1,824	1,797	1,785	1,784	1,868
18 to 19 years	3,236	2,990	3,082	3,397	3,295	3,277	3,192	3,222	3,245
20 years and over	153,005	143,777	144,730	153,406	144,547	144,718	144,876	145,055	145,121
20 to 24 years	14,069	12,856	13,017	14,265	13,212	13,203	13,167	13,216	13,216
25 years and over	138,936	130,921	131,714	139,031	131,566	131,461	131,637	131,689	131,789
25 to 54 years	101,152	95,871	96,364	101,265	95,875	95,861	96,225	96,307	96,461
25 to 34 years	36,038	33,687	33,966	36,052	33,836	33,581	33,913	33,884	33,988
35 to 44 years	33,273	32,046	32,061	33,368	31,903	32,098	32,011	32,162	32,146
45 to 54 years	31,841	30,137	30,337	31,845	30,136	30,182	30,300	30,261	30,327
55 years and over	37,784	35,050	35,350	37,766	35,692	35,600	35,412	35,382	35,328
Men, 16 years and over	83,047	78,535	78,855	83,867	79,537	79,267	79,481	79,714	79,666
16 to 19 years	2,455	2,295	2,287	2,632	2,524	2,490	2,477	2,510	2,474
16 to 17 years	776	799	846	878	878	863	881	892	938
18 to 19 years	1,679	1,496	1,442	1,774	1,647	1,630	1,603	1,634	1,550
20 years and over	80,592	76,239	76,568	81,235	77,013	76,777	77,004	77,204	77,193
20 to 24 years	7,126	6,591	6,623	7,270	6,749	6,722	6,672	6,810	6,763
25 years and over	73,466	69,648	69,945	73,866	70,291	70,040	70,220	70,317	70,329
25 to 54 years	53,415	50,957	51,162	53,703	51,140	51,025	51,246	51,368	51,436
25 to 34 years	19,038	17,967	18,042	19,133	18,056	17,889	18,172	18,133	18,145
35 to 44 years	17,734	17,211	17,281	17,862	17,209	17,288	17,201	17,358	17,390
45 to 54 years	16,643	15,779	15,839	16,707	15,876	15,848	15,873	15,876	15,901
55 years and over	20,052	18,691	18,783	20,163	19,151	19,015	18,974	18,950	18,892
Women, 16 years and over	74,970	69,848	70,667	74,865	70,131	70,542	70,350	70,316	70,572
16 to 19 years	2,557	2,310	2,504	2,694	2,598	2,600	2,478	2,465	2,644
16 to 17 years	1,000	817	864	1,067	946	934	904	892	930
18 to 19 years	1,557	1,494	1,641	1,623	1,648	1,647	1,589	1,588	1,695
20 years and over	72,413	67,538	68,163	72,171	67,534	67,941	67,872	67,851	67,928
20 to 24 years	6,944	6,266	6,394	6,995	6,463	6,481	6,495	6,406	6,453
25 years and over	65,469	61,272	61,769	65,165	61,275	61,422	61,417	61,371	61,460
25 to 54 years	47,737	44,914	45,202	47,562	44,735	44,836	44,979	44,939	45,024
25 to 34 years	17,001	15,720	15,925	16,919	15,781	15,692	15,741	15,751	15,843
35 to 44 years	15,539	14,836	14,779	15,506	14,694	14,810	14,810	14,804	14,756
45 to 54 years	15,198	14,358	14,497	15,137	14,260	14,334	14,428	14,384	14,426
55 years and over	17,733	16,358	16,567	17,603	16,540	16,586	16,438	16,432	16,436
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present(1)	45,855	43,547	43,887	46,036	43,761	43,754	43,720	43,819	44,033
Married women, spouse present(1)	36,811	34,698	35,044	36,557	34,685	34,795	34,817	34,668	34,803
Women who maintain families(2)	9,771	9,325	9,367	-	-	-	-	-	-
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(3)	129,734	123,717	123,981	130,679	123,646	124,292	124,689	124,990	124,868
Part-time workers(4)	28,283	24,666	25,541	27,792	26,139	25,373	24,917	24,627	25,109
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders	8,181	6,535	6,787	8,064	6,669	6,559	6,460	6,623	6,678
Percent of total employed	5.2	4.4	4.5	5.1	4.5	4.4	4.3	4.4	4.4
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated	6,467	5,938	5,670	-	-	-	-	-	-
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	9,382	9,293	9,341	9,539	9,571	9,408	9,461	9,548	9,498
Footnotes (1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only. (2) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. (3) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. (4) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)			Unemployment rates
	Feb. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Oct. 2020	Nov. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	5,717	10,130	9,972	3.5	6.9	6.7	6.7	6.3	6.2
16 to 19 years	691	865	825	11.5	14.0	13.9	16.0	14.8	13.9
16 to 17 years	234	337	325	10.7	14.1	14.9	14.5	15.9	14.8
18 to 19 years	471	534	514	12.2	14.1	13.4	17.0	14.2	13.7
20 years and over	5,025	9,265	9,148	3.2	6.6	6.4	6.3	6.0	5.9
20 to 24 years	956	1,425	1,408	6.3	10.9	10.7	11.2	9.7	9.6
25 years and over	4,133	7,940	7,813	2.9	6.2	6.0	5.8	5.7	5.6
25 to 54 years	3,134	5,968	5,823	3.0	6.4	6.1	5.8	5.8	5.7
25 to 34 years	1,385	2,464	2,331	3.7	7.3	7.0	6.6	6.8	6.4
35 to 44 years	941	1,948	1,929	2.7	5.8	5.6	5.5	5.7	5.7
45 to 54 years	808	1,555	1,563	2.5	6.0	5.5	5.3	4.9	4.9
55 years and over	999	1,970	1,985	2.6	5.5	5.8	6.0	5.3	5.3
Men, 16 years and over	3,048	5,434	5,395	3.5	7.0	6.9	6.7	6.4	6.3
16 to 19 years	352	466	493	11.8	15.6	15.1	15.5	15.7	16.6
16 to 17 years	120	157	175	12.0	16.1	14.5	15.3	15.0	15.7
18 to 19 years	245	311	331	12.1	15.4	15.5	15.8	16.0	17.6
20 years and over	2,695	4,969	4,902	3.2	6.7	6.6	6.4	6.0	6.0
20 to 24 years	491	754	761	6.3	11.8	11.9	12.1	10.0	10.1
25 years and over	2,250	4,300	4,203	3.0	6.2	6.2	5.8	5.8	5.6
25 to 54 years	1,659	3,210	3,077	3.0	6.5	6.3	5.8	5.9	5.6
25 to 34 years	757	1,356	1,287	3.8	7.8	7.7	6.6	7.0	6.6
35 to 44 years	496	1,066	1,032	2.7	5.7	5.6	5.7	5.8	5.6
45 to 54 years	406	788	759	2.4	6.0	5.5	5.0	4.7	4.6
55 years and over	591	1,090	1,125	2.8	5.2	5.9	5.9	5.4	5.6
Women, 16 years and over	2,669	4,696	4,577	3.4	6.8	6.4	6.7	6.3	6.1
16 to 19 years	339	400	332	11.2	12.5	12.8	16.5	14.0	11.2
16 to 17 years	114	180	149	9.7	12.1	15.2	13.7	16.8	13.9
18 to 19 years	226	223	183	12.2	12.8	11.2	18.2	12.3	9.7
20 years and over	2,330	4,296	4,245	3.1	6.5	6.2	6.3	6.0	5.9
20 to 24 years	465	670	647	6.2	10.0	9.4	10.1	9.5	9.1
25 years and over	1,883	3,640	3,610	2.8	6.1	5.8	5.9	5.6	5.5
25 to 54 years	1,475	2,758	2,745	3.0	6.3	5.8	5.8	5.8	5.7
25 to 34 years	628	1,108	1,044	3.6	6.9	6.2	6.6	6.6	6.2
35 to 44 years	446	882	897	2.8	6.0	5.6	5.2	5.6	5.7
45 to 54 years	401	767	804	2.6	5.9	5.5	5.7	5.1	5.3
55 years and over	425	882	883	2.4	5.8	5.8	6.1	5.1	5.1
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present(1)	897	1,795	1,750	1.9	4.1	4.1	4.0	3.9	3.8
Married women, spouse present(1)	838	1,593	1,553	2.2	4.8	4.5	4.7	4.4	4.3
Women who maintain families(2)	423	845	784	4.1	8.6	7.7	7.2	8.3	7.7
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(3)	4,684	8,548	8,397	3.5	6.9	6.9	6.7	6.4	6.3
Part-time workers(4)	1,044	1,676	1,607	3.6	6.7	6.0	7.0	6.4	6.0
Footnotes (1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only. (2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. (3) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. (4) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands]

Reason	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Feb. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Oct. 2020	Nov. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	3,151	7,666	7,051	2,686	7,685	7,468	7,210	6,997	6,586
On temporary layoff	1,069	3,215	2,546	750	3,231	2,762	3,039	2,746	2,229
Not on temporary layoff	2,082	4,452	4,505	1,936	4,454	4,705	4,171	4,251	4,357
Permanent job losers	1,358	3,585	3,547	1,298	3,620	3,718	3,370	3,503	3,497
Persons who completed temporary jobs	723	867	958	638	834	987	802	749	860
Job leavers	766	651	706	766	763	698	743	653	701
Reentrants	1,839	2,039	2,183	1,798	2,017	1,968	2,250	1,963	2,124
New entrants	462	494	546	512	526	551	509	542	582
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	50.7	70.7	67.2	46.6	69.9	69.9	67.3	68.9	65.9
On temporary layoff	17.2	29.6	24.3	13.0	29.4	25.9	28.4	27.0	22.3
Not on temporary layoff	33.5	41.0	43.0	33.6	40.5	44.0	38.9	41.9	43.6
Job leavers	12.3	6.0	6.7	13.3	6.9	6.5	6.9	6.4	7.0
Reentrants	29.6	18.8	20.8	31.2	18.3	18.4	21.0	19.3	21.3
New entrants	7.4	4.6	5.2	8.9	4.8	5.2	4.7	5.3	5.8
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	1.9	4.8	4.4	1.6	4.8	4.7	4.5	4.4	4.1
Job leavers	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.4
Reentrants	1.1	1.3	1.4	1.1	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.2	1.3
New entrants	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands]

Duration	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Feb. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Oct. 2020	Nov. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks	1,939	2,707	2,051	2,082	2,494	2,455	2,904	2,278	2,185
5 to 14 weeks	2,161	2,716	2,693	1,753	2,341	2,404	2,222	2,528	2,254
15 weeks and over	2,117	5,428	5,742	1,928	6,185	5,804	5,529	5,369	5,555
15 to 26 weeks	932	1,354	1,523	817	2,651	1,875	1,572	1,346	1,407
27 weeks and over	1,185	4,074	4,219	1,111	3,534	3,929	3,956	4,023	4,148
Average (mean) duration, in weeks	20.4	24.3	27.2	20.8	21.4	23.0	23.4	26.0	27.6
Median duration, in weeks	9.3	14.5	18.3	9.0	19.0	18.9	16.8	15.3	18.3
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks	31.2	24.9	19.6	36.1	22.6	23.0	27.3	22.4	21.9
5 to 14 weeks	34.8	25.0	25.7	30.4	21.2	22.5	20.9	24.8	22.6
15 weeks and over	34.1	50.0	54.8	33.4	56.1	54.4	51.9	52.8	55.6
15 to 26 weeks	15.0	12.5	14.5	14.2	24.1	17.6	14.8	13.2	14.1
27 weeks and over	19.1	37.5	40.2	19.3	32.1	36.8	37.1	39.5	41.5
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Occupation	Employed		Unemployed		Unemployment rates
	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021
Total, 16 years and over(1)	158,017	149,522	6,218	10,486	3.8	6.6
Management, professional, and related occupations	66,144	64,471	1,204	2,158	1.8	3.2
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	27,926	27,414	507	990	1.8	3.5
Professional and related occupations	38,218	37,058	697	1,167	1.8	3.1
Service occupations	26,223	22,574	1,272	2,594	4.6	10.3
Sales and office occupations	31,294	30,450	1,214	2,024	3.7	6.2
Sales and related occupations	15,069	14,630	656	1,031	4.2	6.6
Office and administrative support occupations	16,225	15,819	558	993	3.3	5.9
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	14,220	13,209	908	1,411	6.0	9.7
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	1,144	1,006	183	141	13.8	12.3
Construction and extraction occupations	8,154	7,497	604	1,003	6.9	11.8
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	4,922	4,706	122	267	2.4	5.4
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	20,137	18,818	1,130	1,745	5.3	8.5
Production occupations	8,344	7,766	448	579	5.1	6.9
Transportation and material moving occupations	11,793	11,052	682	1,166	5.5	9.5
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)		Unemployment rates
	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021
Total, 16 years and over(1)	6,218	10,486	3.8	6.6
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers	4,890	8,516	3.8	6.8
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	42	132	5.0	19.3
Construction	531	921	5.5	9.6
Manufacturing	613	724	3.9	4.8
Durable goods	359	423	3.6	4.4
Nondurable goods	254	301	4.3	5.4
Wholesale and retail trade	821	1,368	4.2	6.8
Transportation and utilities	256	622	3.5	8.4
Information	68	155	2.6	6.2
Financial activities	171	387	1.7	3.7
Professional and business services	794	1,152	4.4	6.8
Education and health services	608	899	2.4	3.7
Leisure and hospitality	799	1,673	5.7	13.5
Other services	187	483	2.8	7.7
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers	205	167	11.0	10.5
Government workers	348	603	1.6	2.8
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers	312	654	3.2	6.5
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2017 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent]

Measure	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Feb. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Oct. 2020	Nov. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force	1.3	3.4	3.6	1.2	3.8	3.6	3.4	3.4	3.5
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force	1.9	4.8	4.4	1.6	4.8	4.7	4.5	4.4	4.1
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)	3.8	6.8	6.6	3.5	6.9	6.7	6.7	6.3	6.2
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers	4.0	7.2	6.9	3.7	7.2	7.1	7.1	6.7	6.5
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	4.7	8.0	7.7	4.3	8.0	7.9	7.9	7.4	7.3
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	7.4	12.0	11.6	7.0	12.1	12.0	11.7	11.1	11.1
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Category	Total		Men		Women
	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2020	Feb. 2021
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force	95,393	100,910	38,979	41,470	56,415	59,440
Persons who currently want a job	4,973	6,902	2,526	3,323	2,447	3,579
Marginally attached to the labor force(1)	1,494	1,942	788	1,053	707	889
Discouraged workers(2)	421	529	260	275	161	253
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)	1,073	1,413	528	778	545	636
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders(4)	8,181	6,787	3,900	3,238	4,281	3,549
Percent of total employed	5.2	4.5	4.7	4.1	5.7	5.0
Primary job full time, secondary job part time	4,576	3,739	2,378	1,920	2,198	1,819
Primary and secondary jobs both part time	2,126	1,756	728	586	1,398	1,169
Primary and secondary jobs both full time	308	321	197	173	110	148
Hours vary on primary or secondary job	1,129	941	578	542	551	399
Footnotes (1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. (2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. (3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. (4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]

Industry	Not seasonally adjusted				Seasonally adjusted
	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)	Change from: Jan.2021 - Feb.2021(p)
Total nonfarm	150,968	143,602	140,948	141,926	152,523	142,503	142,669	143,048	379
Total private	127,874	121,802	119,530	120,193	129,688	121,047	121,137	121,602	465
Goods-producing	20,680	20,165	19,808	19,790	21,137	20,228	20,215	20,167	-48
Mining and logging	675	602	595	583	690	597	597	589	-8
Logging	47.9	46.6	46.4	46.5	48.7	45.9	46.5	46.6	0.1
Mining	627.3	555.4	548.3	536.7	640.9	550.6	550.6	542.4	-8.2
Oil and gas extraction	135.9	141.9	132.7	130.6	137.4	139.5	134.0	132.0	-2.0
Mining, except oil and gas	180.0	178.0	175.8	174.6	186.2	178.7	178.9	178.9	0.0
Coal mining	45.9	42.5	43.1	43.3	46.5	42.2	42.5	43.0	0.5
Metal ore mining	41.6	41.3	41.5	41.7	41.8	41.5	41.7	41.8	0.1
Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying	92.5	94.2	91.2	89.6	97.9	95.0	94.7	94.1	-0.6
Support activities for mining	311.4	235.5	239.8	231.5	317.3	232.4	237.7	231.5	-6.2
Construction	7,278	7,312	7,064	7,004	7,648	7,400	7,401	7,340	-61
Construction of buildings	1,638.7	1,652.3	1,622.8	1,619.6	1,694.6	1,658.2	1,662.1	1,664.1	2.0
Residential building	812.7	847.4	833.1	837.4	839.8	847.7	852.6	857.9	5.3
Nonresidential building	826.0	804.9	789.7	782.2	854.8	810.5	809.5	806.2	-3.3
Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,007.5	1,008.6	945.4	930.5	1,110.8	1,051.0	1,053.4	1,032.6	-20.8
Specialty trade contractors	4,631.5	4,651.4	4,495.4	4,454.1	4,842.6	4,690.7	4,685.7	4,643.5	-42.2
Residential specialty trade contractors	2,050.2	2,127.2	2,065.1	2,053.7	2,141.4	2,140.3	2,137.1	2,131.6	-5.5
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors	2,581.3	2,524.2	2,430.3	2,400.4	2,701.2	2,550.4	2,548.6	2,511.9	-36.7
Manufacturing	12,727	12,251	12,149	12,203	12,799	12,231	12,217	12,238	21
Durable goods	7,978	7,609	7,554	7,587	8,007	7,598	7,583	7,600	17
Wood products	407.5	403.0	399.4	399.7	411.5	402.5	402.5	401.4	-1.1
Nonmetallic mineral products	405.6	397.9	383.7	380.4	419.0	400.3	396.5	394.1	-2.4
Primary metals	380.1	348.9	346.8	349.2	379.0	348.4	347.3	347.1	-0.2
Fabricated metal products	1,461.0	1,388.1	1,378.0	1,383.4	1,467.8	1,385.8	1,382.9	1,383.7	0.8
Machinery	1,111.8	1,055.9	1,053.4	1,058.3	1,111.1	1,055.9	1,053.2	1,057.0	3.8
Computer and electronic products	1,079.5	1,074.2	1,070.8	1,074.5	1,082.6	1,072.2	1,072.9	1,074.6	1.7
Computer and peripheral equipment	162.0	162.5	162.4	164.0	162.0	162.6	162.7	163.9	1.2
Communications equipment	86.9	85.3	85.8	85.3	87.4	85.0	85.7	85.4	-0.3
Semiconductors and electronic components	373.7	368.3	369.0	369.2	374.7	368.2	369.6	368.8	-0.8
Electronic instruments	425.5	422.9	419.9	422.2	426.8	422.0	420.6	422.3	1.7
Miscellaneous computer and electronic products	31.4	35.2	33.7	33.8	31.7	34.4	34.3	34.2	-0.1
Electrical equipment and appliances	397.4	375.1	370.1	372.5	397.5	373.5	370.0	372.4	2.4
Transportation equipment(1)	1,731.4	1,601.4	1,591.8	1,604.6	1,731.8	1,596.5	1,593.6	1,603.3	9.7
Motor vehicles and parts(2)	989.2	913.3	903.3	913.9	986.2	910.8	905.1	905.2	0.1
Furniture and related products	383.1	356.9	354.5	354.5	384.1	356.2	355.1	355.2	0.1
Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing	620.2	608.0	605.1	610.3	623.0	607.0	608.7	611.5	2.8
Nondurable goods	4,749	4,642	4,595	4,616	4,792	4,633	4,634	4,638	4
Food manufacturing	1,641.0	1,643.1	1,620.2	1,623.6	1,662.5	1,634.1	1,635.7	1,632.6	-3.1
Textile mills	106.0	96.1	94.9	94.9	106.1	96.1	95.0	94.6	-0.4
Textile product mills	110.8	105.7	105.2	106.0	112.2	105.2	105.7	106.4	0.7
Apparel	103.9	92.7	89.6	92.4	104.5	92.8	90.5	92.9	2.4
Paper and paper products	362.3	356.7	354.9	353.9	363.4	356.0	355.8	354.8	-1.0
Printing and related support activities	416.7	374.9	369.0	367.1	419.6	373.1	370.6	368.9	-1.7
Petroleum and coal products	109.6	105.0	102.2	102.4	113.7	106.9	106.3	106.0	-0.3
Chemicals	853.3	844.9	845.8	851.5	855.0	842.7	849.6	850.2	0.6
Plastics and rubber products	730.2	725.4	722.1	727.9	731.0	724.7	724.1	727.1	3.0
Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing	315.3	297.9	291.2	296.4	324.2	301.0	300.2	304.3	4.1
Private service-providing	107,194	101,637	99,722	100,403	108,551	100,819	100,922	101,435	513
Trade, transportation, and utilities	27,504	27,799	26,987	26,774	27,876	26,984	27,030	27,079	49
Wholesale trade	5,858.7	5,632.3	5,600.8	5,607.7	5,895.2	5,617.2	5,631.1	5,634.7	3.6
Durable goods	3,205.9	3,080.5	3,075.3	3,076.4	3,217.8	3,073.8	3,087.1	3,085.7	-1.4
Nondurable goods	2,142.5	2,069.7	2,047.6	2,054.6	2,163.4	2,062.9	2,064.5	2,070.8	6.3
Electronic markets and agents and brokers	510.3	482.1	477.9	476.7	514.0	480.5	479.5	478.2	-1.3
Retail trade	15,353.9	15,628.2	15,138.1	15,042.9	15,609.8	15,159.8	15,206.1	15,247.2	41.1
Motor vehicle and parts dealers	2,025.7	1,947.8	1,930.8	1,941.3	2,043.5	1,953.3	1,944.5	1,951.1	6.6
Automobile dealers	1,309.1	1,239.4	1,232.5	1,238.6	1,313.9	1,239.6	1,234.0	1,237.6	3.6
Other motor vehicle dealers	153.9	148.7	145.4	147.9	161.7	155.4	154.8	155.2	0.4
Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores	562.7	559.7	552.9	554.8	567.9	558.3	555.7	558.3	2.6
Furniture and home furnishings stores	470.9	455.3	438.1	435.9	473.4	435.2	435.8	438.2	2.4
Electronics and appliance stores	465.2	453.9	417.4	417.3	469.2	431.2	408.8	414.5	5.7
Building material and garden supply stores	1,251.2	1,395.0	1,362.9	1,367.1	1,293.0	1,426.6	1,427.2	1,425.0	-2.2
Food and beverage stores	3,052.7	3,177.0	3,139.2	3,141.7	3,074.9	3,145.1	3,153.6	3,163.4	9.8
Health and personal care stores	1,027.4	987.5	983.2	983.8	1,033.2	960.8	977.5	989.4	11.9
Gasoline stations	940.7	938.6	928.4	921.8	955.7	939.3	935.8	934.8	-1.0
Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,242.1	1,075.7	1,006.2	961.5	1,270.6	979.0	996.2	976.2	-20.0
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores	544.1	499.5	475.9	466.9	562.5	460.4	463.4	467.0	3.6
General merchandise stores	2,927.1	3,278.6	3,097.6	3,035.0	2,999.4	3,048.1	3,088.8	3,103.2	14.4
Department stores	986.1	1,110.1	998.0	956.7	1,018.4	976.8	973.6	977.4	3.8
General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters	1,941.0	2,168.5	2,099.6	2,078.3	1,981.1	2,071.3	2,115.2	2,125.8	10.6
Miscellaneous store retailers	829.4	782.2	762.2	773.1	849.1	770.0	776.0	784.3	8.3
Nonstore retailers	577.4	637.1	596.2	597.5	585.3	610.8	598.5	600.1	1.6
Transportation and warehousing	5,745.9	5,998.4	5,709.2	5,586.1	5,823.1	5,668.1	5,654.0	5,658.4	4.4
Air transportation	513.5	396.8	410.1	402.0	516.9	398.3	412.9	404.7	-8.2
Rail transportation	158.4	145.4	141.7	141.7	159.4	144.5	142.5	141.8	-0.7
Water transportation	65.2	58.2	56.2	57.0	67.6	59.2	58.2	58.7	0.5
Truck transportation	1,496.8	1,477.6	1,455.5	1,451.2	1,524.8	1,478.9	1,479.7	1,475.7	-4.0
Transit and ground passenger transportation	504.6	379.2	368.1	380.0	492.7	363.0	358.0	366.6	8.6
Pipeline transportation	51.1	49.6	48.7	47.9	51.3	49.4	48.6	48.2	-0.4
Scenic and sightseeing transportation	26.6	20.6	19.0	19.3	35.2	24.6	25.2	25.4	0.2
Support activities for transportation	761.5	700.4	689.7	689.4	764.7	694.7	690.3	690.8	0.5
Couriers and messengers	849.3	1,305.0	1,100.2	982.5	882.8	1,034.3	1,021.3	1,030.3	9.0
Warehousing and storage	1,318.9	1,465.6	1,420.0	1,415.1	1,327.7	1,421.2	1,417.3	1,416.2	-1.1
Utilities	545.0	540.2	539.0	537.2	547.4	538.5	539.2	538.8	-0.4
Information	2,894	2,668	2,645	2,661	2,914	2,659	2,669	2,666	-3
Publishing industries, except Internet	783.1	761.7	760.7	760.1	785.3	761.6	765.0	762.5	-2.5
Motion picture and sound recording industries	426.5	262.4	236.6	246.4	441.9	258.7	255.1	254.2	-0.9
Broadcasting, except Internet	264.7	247.4	246.8	250.5	264.2	246.3	247.7	248.8	1.1
Telecommunications	706.0	683.3	688.0	685.9	708.0	679.5	686.9	683.5	-3.4
Data processing, hosting and related services	362.3	354.9	351.5	356.8	363.0	355.8	353.6	355.4	1.8
Other information services	351.4	358.0	361.1	361.7	352.0	357.2	360.4	361.8	1.4
Financial activities	8,820	8,788	8,724	8,728	8,875	8,774	8,775	8,770	-5
Finance and insurance	6,498.0	6,554.8	6,525.1	6,528.7	6,513.4	6,539.4	6,538.4	6,537.0	-1.4
Monetary authorities - central bank	19.5	20.3	20.2	20.2	19.5	20.3	20.2	20.4	0.2
Credit intermediation and related activities	2,665.9	2,673.4	2,669.8	2,673.9	2,672.1	2,670.4	2,670.9	2,675.0	4.1
Depository credit intermediation(1)	1,786.6	1,749.6	1,746.2	1,742.0	1,789.6	1,749.9	1,746.3	1,742.1	-4.2
Commercial banking	1,399.3	1,362.9	1,359.4	1,357.1	1,400.1	1,364.1	1,360.1	1,357.1	-3.0
Nondepository credit intermediation	579.3	607.4	606.7	610.0	583.0	605.7	608.1	612.0	3.9
Activities related to credit intermediation	300.0	316.4	316.9	321.9	299.6	314.8	316.5	320.9	4.4
Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts	961.2	975.6	975.3	973.7	965.8	973.0	979.4	976.6	-2.8
Insurance carriers and related activities	2,851.4	2,885.5	2,859.8	2,860.9	2,856.0	2,875.7	2,867.9	2,865.0	-2.9
Real estate and rental and leasing	2,322.2	2,233.6	2,199.0	2,199.1	2,361.6	2,234.7	2,236.9	2,232.6	-4.3
Real estate	1,730.9	1,726.5	1,695.7	1,699.6	1,751.7	1,720.4	1,717.6	1,718.0	0.4
Rental and leasing services	568.6	484.5	481.3	477.6	586.7	491.9	496.8	492.3	-4.5
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets	22.7	22.6	22.0	21.9	23.2	22.4	22.5	22.3	-0.2
Professional and business services	21,134	20,638	20,285	20,423	21,469	20,550	20,635	20,698	63
Professional and technical services	9,739.8	9,554.8	9,552.5	9,648.3	9,708.7	9,526.0	9,555.3	9,578.1	22.8
Legal services	1,158.3	1,128.0	1,114.9	1,123.4	1,165.3	1,121.9	1,122.4	1,129.6	7.2
Accounting and bookkeeping services	1,129.5	1,001.2	1,066.3	1,115.8	1,027.7	996.5	997.8	996.3	-1.5
Architectural and engineering services	1,527.6	1,524.4	1,510.6	1,512.8	1,546.2	1,525.7	1,527.8	1,529.5	1.7
Specialized design services	140.7	135.4	134.3	133.9	142.3	133.6	135.7	134.7	-1.0
Computer systems design and related services	2,228.3	2,204.6	2,208.8	2,218.7	2,239.4	2,211.7	2,214.2	2,220.4	6.2
Management and technical consulting services	1,560.1	1,568.7	1,560.0	1,572.5	1,574.3	1,554.2	1,580.3	1,583.8	3.5
Scientific research and development services	756.0	784.8	783.6	790.0	762.7	784.1	790.6	794.8	4.2
Advertising and related services	484.4	443.3	431.8	435.3	486.9	440.6	434.8	436.5	1.7
Other professional and technical services	754.9	764.4	742.2	745.9	763.9	757.7	751.7	752.5	0.8
Management of companies and enterprises	2,411.2	2,354.6	2,325.4	2,320.2	2,425.0	2,351.7	2,333.5	2,331.7	-1.8
Administrative and waste services	8,982.7	8,728.3	8,407.5	8,454.7	9,334.8	8,671.8	8,746.4	8,787.8	41.4
Administrative and support services	8,532.6	8,279.9	7,966.7	8,016.8	8,876.3	8,222.4	8,298.1	8,341.7	43.6
Office administrative services	540.8	527.8	532.0	534.7	545.3	528.4	535.9	538.8	2.9
Facilities support services	163.4	153.3	152.8	152.2	164.7	152.8	154.1	152.6	-1.5
Employment services(1)	3,441.5	3,389.3	3,209.0	3,243.6	3,593.1	3,256.5	3,342.3	3,387.6	45.3
Temporary help services	2,810.1	2,762.4	2,595.1	2,636.9	2,944.8	2,620.6	2,717.0	2,769.7	52.7
Business support services	864.8	825.4	801.6	799.0	864.7	804.1	798.3	798.0	-0.3
Travel arrangement and reservation services	216.6	145.5	143.3	142.8	220.8	147.0	146.9	145.5	-1.4
Investigation and security services	950.4	899.8	894.2	900.0	957.0	895.9	906.2	903.8	-2.4
Services to buildings and dwellings	2,025.1	2,038.3	1,941.7	1,953.2	2,197.7	2,133.6	2,117.8	2,122.4	4.6
Other support services	330.0	300.5	292.1	291.3	333.0	304.1	296.6	293.0	-3.6
Waste management and remediation services	450.1	448.4	440.8	437.9	458.5	449.4	448.3	446.1	-2.2
Education and health services	24,668	23,400	23,095	23,371	24,565	23,249	23,223	23,267	44
Educational services	3,927.6	3,404.1	3,314.4	3,525.4	3,778.7	3,321.0	3,391.3	3,388.9	-2.4
Health care and social assistance	20,740.5	19,996.1	19,780.5	19,845.6	20,786.5	19,928.3	19,832.1	19,877.7	45.6
Health care(3)	16,445.4	16,036.3	15,851.1	15,877.8	16,492.1	15,979.3	15,894.6	15,914.5	19.9
Ambulatory health care services	7,852.3	7,733.8	7,654.8	7,691.0	7,875.2	7,700.2	7,681.2	7,710.1	28.9
Offices of physicians	2,720.6	2,680.1	2,655.1	2,664.3	2,726.1	2,662.9	2,660.8	2,669.5	8.7
Offices of dentists	987.9	987.9	983.0	986.4	990.9	983.5	985.0	990.2	5.2
Offices of other health practitioners	999.3	951.3	945.2	948.2	1,002.2	948.4	949.4	951.1	1.7
Outpatient care centers	996.8	1,002.9	986.7	991.3	997.7	998.4	989.1	991.6	2.5
Medical and diagnostic laboratories	288.8	288.9	290.4	292.4	289.3	288.0	290.2	291.3	1.1
Home health care services	1,539.3	1,514.0	1,485.1	1,492.4	1,547.3	1,508.7	1,493.9	1,499.6	5.7
Other ambulatory health care services	319.6	308.7	309.3	316.0	321.7	310.3	312.8	316.8	4.0
Hospitals	5,229.3	5,183.9	5,130.4	5,131.0	5,237.5	5,174.8	5,137.3	5,135.1	-2.2
Nursing and residential care facilities	3,363.8	3,118.6	3,065.9	3,055.8	3,379.4	3,104.3	3,076.1	3,069.3	-6.8
Nursing care facilities	1,579.8	1,439.5	1,410.9	1,397.6	1,585.7	1,433.4	1,414.9	1,403.3	-11.6
Residential mental health facilities	648.4	612.2	604.9	609.4	651.0	611.0	607.2	611.7	4.5
Community care facilities for the elderly	970.6	912.5	899.1	897.3	976.1	906.0	901.6	901.8	0.2
Other residential care facilities	165.0	154.4	151.0	151.5	166.6	153.9	152.4	152.5	0.1
Social assistance	4,295.1	3,959.8	3,929.4	3,967.8	4,294.4	3,949.0	3,937.5	3,963.2	25.7
Individual and family services	2,731.8	2,616.3	2,602.9	2,626.0	2,735.2	2,614.4	2,611.0	2,628.5	17.5
Emergency and other relief services	186.3	186.5	182.8	183.7	187.1	184.0	183.6	184.0	0.4
Vocational rehabilitation services	322.6	276.6	273.3	274.1	325.6	277.1	276.1	274.4	-1.7
Child day care services	1,054.4	880.4	870.4	884.0	1,046.5	873.5	866.8	876.3	9.5
Leisure and hospitality	16,292	12,896	12,569	13,001	16,915	13,134	13,109	13,464	355
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	2,270.4	1,605.6	1,532.8	1,579.0	2,501.9	1,715.9	1,694.6	1,727.6	33.0
Performing arts and spectator sports	482.3	311.1	290.9	303.8	525.2	321.9	327.4	326.8	-0.6
Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions	159.3	128.2	118.3	118.3	174.6	133.0	128.2	129.3	1.1
Amusements, gambling, and recreation	1,628.8	1,166.3	1,123.6	1,156.9	1,802.1	1,261.0	1,239.0	1,271.5	32.5
Accommodation and food services	14,021.8	11,289.9	11,035.7	11,422.4	14,412.9	11,418.1	11,414.7	11,736.3	321.6
Accommodation	2,015.4	1,376.4	1,333.4	1,374.3	2,104.8	1,421.2	1,401.0	1,436.7	35.7
Food services and drinking places	12,006.4	9,913.5	9,702.3	10,048.1	12,308.1	9,996.9	10,013.7	10,299.6	285.9
Other services	5,882	5,448	5,417	5,445	5,937	5,469	5,481	5,491	10
Repair and maintenance	1,357.7	1,304.8	1,298.5	1,299.9	1,364.1	1,312.2	1,312.8	1,303.9	-8.9
Personal and laundry services	1,544.4	1,298.5	1,286.6	1,300.7	1,566.1	1,298.3	1,303.7	1,318.8	15.1
Membership associations and organizations	2,979.5	2,845.0	2,831.8	2,844.8	3,006.9	2,858.5	2,864.9	2,868.5	3.6
Government	23,094	21,800	21,418	21,733	22,835	21,456	21,532	21,446	-86
Federal	2,840	2,905	2,851	2,848	2,863	2,892	2,868	2,865	-3
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service	2,244.6	2,279.8	2,248.4	2,242.5	2,259.8	2,285.3	2,260.7	2,255.5	-5.2
U.S. Postal Service	595.0	624.7	602.1	605.9	602.8	606.7	607.7	609.8	2.1
State government	5,432	5,039	4,890	5,078	5,303	4,930	4,984	4,945	-39
State government education	2,737.3	2,361.1	2,219.3	2,412.9	2,596.2	2,243.7	2,301.2	2,269.2	-32.0
State government, excluding education	2,694.6	2,677.6	2,670.8	2,664.6	2,706.8	2,686.4	2,683.0	2,675.7	-7.3
Local government	14,822	13,856	13,677	13,807	14,669	13,634	13,680	13,636	-44
Local government education	8,307.5	7,634.1	7,518.5	7,644.5	8,029.6	7,326.4	7,392.2	7,355.6	-36.6
Local government, excluding education	6,514.8	6,222.1	6,158.4	6,162.7	6,639.7	6,307.3	6,288.2	6,280.1	-8.1
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. (3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	34.4	34.7	34.9	34.6
Goods-producing	40.3	39.9	40.2	39.6
Mining and logging	45.6	45.0	45.4	44.9
Construction	39.2	39.2	39.3	38.2
Manufacturing	40.7	40.0	40.4	40.2
Durable goods	41.1	40.3	40.7	40.4
Nondurable goods	39.9	39.7	39.9	39.9
Private service-providing	33.3	33.6	33.9	33.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities	34.2	34.1	34.4	34.2
Wholesale trade	38.8	38.6	39.1	38.7
Retail trade	30.7	30.4	30.7	30.5
Transportation and warehousing	38.3	38.9	39.0	38.9
Utilities	42.6	42.8	42.9	42.9
Information	36.2	37.1	37.4	37.3
Financial activities	37.6	37.7	37.8	37.7
Professional and business services	36.2	36.7	36.9	36.6
Education and health services	33.1	33.5	33.6	33.2
Leisure and hospitality	25.8	25.2	25.8	25.3
Other services	31.9	32.4	32.6	32.2
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.1
Durable goods	3.2	3.1	3.1	3.0
Nondurable goods	3.2	3.4	3.3	3.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)
Total private	$28.51	$29.91	$29.94	$30.01	$980.74	$1,037.88	$1,044.91	$1,038.35
Goods-producing	29.56	30.30	30.39	30.40	1,191.27	1,208.97	1,221.68	1,203.84
Mining and logging	34.41	34.67	34.71	34.84	1,569.10	1,560.15	1,575.83	1,564.32
Construction	31.36	32.09	32.22	32.33	1,229.31	1,257.93	1,266.25	1,235.01
Manufacturing	28.23	29.00	29.08	29.06	1,148.96	1,160.00	1,174.83	1,168.21
Durable goods	29.65	30.49	30.52	30.48	1,218.62	1,228.75	1,242.16	1,231.39
Nondurable goods	25.78	26.54	26.67	26.72	1,028.62	1,053.64	1,064.13	1,066.13
Private service-providing	28.26	29.82	29.84	29.92	941.06	1,001.95	1,011.58	1,005.31
Trade, transportation, and utilities	24.65	25.67	25.69	25.67	843.03	875.35	883.74	877.91
Wholesale trade	31.81	32.87	32.96	33.12	1,234.23	1,268.78	1,288.74	1,281.74
Retail trade	20.18	21.33	21.36	21.23	619.53	648.43	655.75	647.52
Transportation and warehousing	25.05	25.72	25.65	25.72	959.42	1,000.51	1,000.35	1,000.51
Utilities	42.42	44.13	44.24	44.09	1,807.09	1,888.76	1,897.90	1,891.46
Information	42.95	44.28	44.45	44.77	1,554.79	1,642.79	1,662.43	1,669.92
Financial activities	36.85	39.06	39.25	39.73	1,385.56	1,472.56	1,483.65	1,497.82
Professional and business services	34.43	35.59	35.73	35.88	1,246.37	1,306.15	1,318.44	1,313.21
Education and health services	27.90	29.45	29.30	29.27	923.49	986.58	984.48	971.76
Leisure and hospitality	16.90	17.15	17.21	17.28	436.02	432.18	444.02	437.18
Other services	25.59	26.85	26.92	27.10	816.32	869.94	877.59	872.62
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(1)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)	Percent change from: Jan. 2021 - Feb. 2021(p)	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)	Percent change from: Jan. 2021 - Feb. 2021(p)
Total private	112.0	105.4	106.1	105.6	-0.5	152.7	150.8	151.9	151.5	-0.3
Goods-producing	97.0	92.0	92.6	91.0	-1.7	129.7	125.9	127.2	125.0	-1.7
Mining and logging	98.9	84.4	85.2	83.1	-2.5	136.6	117.5	118.7	116.2	-2.1
Construction	103.3	100.0	100.3	96.7	-3.6	140.8	139.4	140.4	135.8	-3.3
Manufacturing	93.7	88.0	88.8	88.5	-0.3	123.0	118.7	120.1	119.6	-0.4
Durable goods	92.7	86.2	86.9	86.4	-0.6	122.0	116.7	117.8	117.0	-0.7
Nondurable goods	95.4	91.8	92.3	92.4	0.1	124.8	123.6	124.9	125.2	0.2
Private service-providing	116.4	109.1	110.1	109.7	-0.4	159.9	158.1	159.8	159.6	-0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	104.0	100.4	101.5	101.1	-0.4	138.3	139.0	140.6	139.9	-0.5
Wholesale trade	100.9	95.6	97.1	96.2	-0.9	134.2	131.5	133.9	133.3	-0.4
Retail trade	97.3	93.6	94.8	94.4	-0.4	129.8	131.9	133.8	132.5	-1.0
Transportation and warehousing	128.1	126.7	126.7	126.5	-0.2	163.3	165.8	165.3	165.5	0.1
Utilities	100.9	99.7	100.1	100.0	-0.1	141.4	145.4	146.3	145.7	-0.4
Information	96.3	90.1	91.2	90.8	-0.4	147.3	142.0	144.3	144.8	0.3
Financial activities	109.3	108.4	108.7	108.3	-0.4	157.2	165.1	166.4	167.9	0.9
Professional and business services	121.9	118.3	119.4	118.8	-0.5	169.9	170.4	172.7	172.6	-0.1
Education and health services	132.8	127.2	127.4	126.1	-1.0	178.2	180.2	179.6	177.6	-1.1
Leisure and hospitality	124.5	94.4	96.5	97.2	0.7	169.8	130.7	134.0	135.5	1.1
Other services	109.2	102.2	103.0	101.9	-1.1	153.2	150.3	152.0	151.4	-0.4
Footnotes (1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Women employees (in thousands)				Percent of all employees
	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)
Total nonfarm	76,309	70,852	70,999	71,244	50.0	49.7	49.8	49.8
Total private	63,118	58,520	58,600	58,859	48.7	48.3	48.4	48.4
Goods-producing	4,756	4,581	4,578	4,586	22.5	22.6	22.6	22.7
Mining and logging	89	84	81	81	12.9	14.1	13.6	13.8
Construction	996	983	985	986	13.0	13.3	13.3	13.4
Manufacturing	3,671	3,514	3,512	3,519	28.7	28.7	28.7	28.8
Durable goods	1,947	1,861	1,859	1,864	24.3	24.5	24.5	24.5
Nondurable goods	1,724	1,653	1,653	1,655	36.0	35.7	35.7	35.7
Private service-providing	58,362	53,939	54,022	54,273	53.8	53.5	53.5	53.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	11,158	10,617	10,630	10,626	40.0	39.3	39.3	39.2
Wholesale trade	1,770.9	1,678.0	1,687.3	1,690.8	30.0	29.9	30.0	30.0
Retail trade	7,736.9	7,352.9	7,368.9	7,381.4	49.6	48.5	48.5	48.4
Transportation and warehousing	1,517.3	1,452.8	1,440.4	1,420.2	26.1	25.6	25.5	25.1
Utilities	133.3	133.6	133.6	133.2	24.4	24.8	24.8	24.7
Information	1,154	1,062	1,070	1,058	39.6	39.9	40.1	39.7
Financial activities	5,015	4,961	4,958	4,958	56.5	56.5	56.5	56.5
Professional and business services	9,845	9,451	9,503	9,553	45.9	46.0	46.1	46.2
Education and health services	19,016	17,978	17,957	17,994	77.4	77.3	77.3	77.3
Leisure and hospitality	9,004	6,972	6,998	7,158	53.2	53.1	53.4	53.2
Other services	3,170	2,898	2,906	2,926	53.4	53.0	53.0	53.3
Government	13,191	12,332	12,399	12,385	57.8	57.5	57.6	57.7
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [In thousands]

Industry	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)
Total private	106,651	98,617	98,652	99,001
Goods-producing	15,137	14,360	14,332	14,296
Mining and logging	496	426	428	420
Construction	5,709	5,463	5,447	5,390
Manufacturing	8,932	8,471	8,457	8,486
Durable goods	5,499	5,149	5,136	5,158
Nondurable goods	3,433	3,322	3,321	3,328
Private service-providing	91,514	84,257	84,320	84,705
Trade, transportation, and utilities	23,575	22,855	22,870	22,852
Wholesale trade	4,721.3	4,453.4	4,477.6	4,481.9
Retail trade	13,323.2	12,936.1	12,986.7	13,014.3
Transportation and warehousing	5,091.8	5,039.3	4,977.5	4,928.1
Utilities	438.9	425.8	427.9	427.6
Information	2,338	2,092	2,116	2,115
Financial activities	6,870	6,667	6,657	6,635
Professional and business services	17,414	16,534	16,637	16,701
Education and health services	21,572	20,370	20,344	20,362
Leisure and hospitality	14,846	11,287	11,243	11,585
Other services	4,899	4,452	4,453	4,455
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	33.7	34.2	34.4	34.0
Goods-producing	41.0	40.9	41.1	40.4
Mining and logging	45.8	45.9	46.2	46.0
Construction	39.5	39.8	40.2	38.7
Manufacturing	41.7	41.3	41.5	41.2
Durable goods	42.0	41.5	41.8	41.3
Nondurable goods	41.2	41.1	41.0	41.1
Private service-providing	32.5	33.0	33.3	32.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	33.9	34.1	34.5	34.3
Wholesale trade	38.6	38.5	38.9	38.6
Retail trade	30.4	30.6	30.9	30.9
Transportation and warehousing	38.0	38.5	39.1	38.7
Utilities	43.0	42.4	42.5	42.6
Information	35.2	36.5	36.5	36.3
Financial activities	36.8	37.4	37.5	37.5
Professional and business services	35.6	36.3	36.4	35.9
Education and health services	32.3	32.9	32.9	32.5
Leisure and hospitality	24.7	23.8	24.6	24.1
Other services	31.0	31.4	31.5	31.1
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	4.0	4.1	4.1	4.0
Durable goods	4.1	4.0	4.1	4.0
Nondurable goods	3.9	4.2	4.0	4.0
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)
Total private	$23.96	$25.15	$25.15	$25.19	$807.45	$860.13	$865.16	$856.46
Goods-producing	25.15	25.77	25.84	25.80	1,031.15	1,053.99	1,062.02	1,042.32
Mining and logging	30.79	30.16	30.51	30.48	1,410.18	1,384.34	1,409.56	1,402.08
Construction	28.96	29.64	29.70	29.73	1,143.92	1,179.67	1,193.94	1,150.55
Manufacturing	22.50	23.12	23.18	23.19	938.25	954.86	961.97	955.43
Durable goods	23.52	24.12	24.19	24.21	987.84	1,000.98	1,011.14	999.87
Nondurable goods	20.85	21.55	21.57	21.62	859.02	885.71	884.37	888.58
Private service-providing	23.71	25.03	25.00	25.06	770.58	825.99	832.50	824.47
Trade, transportation, and utilities	20.96	21.74	21.71	21.67	710.54	741.33	749.00	743.28
Wholesale trade	26.25	27.12	27.22	27.23	1,013.25	1,044.12	1,058.86	1,051.08
Retail trade	16.98	17.96	17.90	17.87	516.19	549.58	553.11	552.18
Transportation and warehousing	22.67	23.10	23.00	22.96	861.46	889.35	899.30	888.55
Utilities	37.79	39.00	39.20	39.43	1,624.97	1,653.60	1,666.00	1,679.72
Information	34.65	36.19	36.54	36.70	1,219.68	1,320.94	1,333.71	1,332.21
Financial activities	28.25	29.68	29.92	29.95	1,039.60	1,110.03	1,122.00	1,123.13
Professional and business services	28.45	29.66	29.74	29.91	1,012.82	1,076.66	1,082.54	1,073.77
Education and health services	24.77	26.28	26.06	26.16	800.07	864.61	857.37	850.20
Leisure and hospitality	14.91	14.66	14.83	15.03	368.28	348.91	364.82	362.22
Other services	21.79	22.93	22.94	23.01	675.49	720.00	722.61	715.61
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [2002=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(2)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)	Percent change from: Jan. 2021 - Feb. 2021(p)	Feb. 2020	Dec. 2020	Jan. 2021(p)	Feb. 2021(p)	Percent change from: Jan. 2021 - Feb. 2021(p)
Total private	119.8	112.4	113.1	112.2	-0.8	191.8	188.9	190.1	188.8	-0.7
Goods-producing	94.8	89.8	90.0	88.3	-1.9	146.1	141.6	142.4	139.4	-2.1
Mining and logging	120.7	103.9	105.1	102.7	-2.3	216.2	182.3	186.5	182.0	-2.4
Construction	112.9	108.9	109.6	104.4	-4.7	176.6	174.2	175.8	167.7	-4.6
Manufacturing	85.5	80.3	80.6	80.3	-0.4	125.8	121.4	122.1	121.7	-0.3
Durable goods	86.8	80.3	80.7	80.0	-0.9	127.4	120.9	121.8	121.0	-0.7
Nondurable goods	83.3	80.4	80.2	80.6	0.5	122.8	122.5	122.3	123.1	0.7
Private service-providing	126.7	118.5	119.6	118.7	-0.8	206.1	203.4	205.1	204.1	-0.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	111.8	109.0	110.3	109.6	-0.6	167.4	169.3	171.2	169.7	-0.9
Wholesale trade	108.2	101.8	103.4	102.7	-0.7	167.6	162.9	166.1	165.0	-0.7
Retail trade	102.5	100.2	101.6	101.8	0.2	149.1	154.2	155.8	155.8	0.0
Transportation and warehousing	146.4	146.8	147.3	144.3	-2.0	211.3	215.9	215.6	210.9	-2.2
Utilities	96.5	92.3	93.0	93.2	0.2	152.2	150.3	152.2	153.3	0.7
Information	93.9	87.2	88.2	87.6	-0.7	161.1	156.1	159.5	159.2	-0.2
Financial activities	119.0	117.4	117.5	117.1	-0.3	206.8	214.3	216.3	215.8	-0.2
Professional and business services	138.6	134.2	135.4	134.1	-1.0	234.5	236.7	239.5	238.4	-0.5
Education and health services	148.6	142.9	142.7	141.1	-1.1	242.9	247.9	245.5	243.6	-0.8
Leisure and hospitality	134.3	98.4	101.3	102.3	1.0	227.4	163.8	170.6	174.6	2.3
Other services	106.5	98.0	98.4	97.2	-1.2	169.1	163.8	164.4	162.9	-0.9
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.