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Economic News Release
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CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until	               USDL-25-0296
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, March 7, 2025

Technical information:
 Household data:        (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:    (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                     THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- FEBRUARY 2025


Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 151,000 in February, and the unemployment rate changed
little at 4.1 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment trended 
up in health care, financial activities, transportation and warehousing, and social assistance. 
Federal government employment declined.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey measures 
labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The establishment 
survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For more information about 
the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys, see the Technical Note.

Household Survey Data

Both the unemployment rate, at 4.1 percent, and the number of unemployed people, at 7.1 million, 
changed little in February. The unemployment rate has remained in a narrow range of 4.0 percent 
to 4.2 percent since May 2024. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for Whites (3.8 percent) increased in 
February. The jobless rates for adult men (3.8 percent), adult women (3.8 percent), teenagers 
(12.9 percent), Blacks (6.0 percent), Asians (3.2 percent), and Hispanics (5.2 percent) showed 
little change over the month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more), at 1.5 million, 
changed little in February. The long-term unemployed accounted for 20.9 percent of all unemployed
people. (See table A-12.) 

The employment-population ratio decreased by 0.2 percentage point to 59.9 percent in February
but showed little change from a year earlier. The labor force participation rate, at 62.4 
percent, changed little over the month and over the year. (See table A-1.)  

The number of people employed part time for economic reasons increased by 460,000 to 4.9 million 
in February. These individuals would have preferred full-time employment but were working part 
time because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table 
A-8.)

The number of people not in the labor force who currently want a job increased by 414,000 to
5.9 million in February. These individuals were not counted as unemployed because they were 
not actively looking for work during the 4 weeks preceding the survey or were unavailable to
take a job. (See table A-1.)

Among those not in the labor force who wanted a job, the number of people marginally attached
to the labor force, at 1.7 million, changed little in February. These individuals wanted and 
were available for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months but had not 
looked for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. The number of discouraged workers, a 
subset of the marginally attached who believed that no jobs were available for them, decreased 
by 128,000 to 464,000 in February. (See Summary table A.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 151,000 in February, similar to the average monthly 
gain of 168,000 over the prior 12 months. In February, employment trended up in health care, 
financial activities, transportation and warehousing, and social assistance. Federal government
employment declined. (See table B-1.)

Health care added 52,000 jobs in February, in line with the average monthly gain of 54,000 over
the prior 12 months. In February, job growth continued in ambulatory health care services 
(+26,000), hospitals (+15,000), and nursing and residential care facilities (+12,000).

Employment in financial activities rose by 21,000 in February, above the prior 12-month average 
gain (+5,000). Over the month, employment continued to trend up in real estate and rental and 
leasing (+10,000) and insurance carriers and related activities (+5,000). Commercial banking 
lost 5,000 jobs.

Transportation and warehousing employment continued to trend up in February (+18,000), in 
line with the average monthly gain over the prior 12 months (+13,000). Over the month, job 
growth occurred in couriers and messengers (+24,000) and air transportation (+4,000). 

Employment in social assistance continued to trend up in February (+11,000), below the 
average monthly gain over the prior 12 months (+21,000). Over the month, employment continued 
to trend up in individual and family services (+10,000).

Within government, federal government employment declined by 10,000 in February.

Employment in retail trade changed little over the month (-6,000) and has shown little net 
change over the year. In February, employment in food and beverage retailers declined by 
15,000, largely due to strike activity. Warehouse clubs, supercenters, and other general 
merchandise retailers added 10,000 jobs.  

Employment showed little change over the month in other major industries, including mining, 
quarrying, and oil and gas extraction; construction; manufacturing; wholesale trade; 
information; professional and business services; leisure and hospitality; and other services.

In February, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 10 
cents, or 0.3 percent, to $35.93. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have 
increased by 4.0 percent. In February, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and 
nonsupervisory employees rose by 9 cents, or 0.3 percent, to $30.89. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

In February, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged 
at 34.1 hours. In manufacturing, the average workweek remained at 40.1 hours, and overtime edged
up by 0.1 hour to 2.9 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on 
private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.6 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for December was revised up by 16,000, from 
+307,000 to +323,000, and the change for January was revised down by 18,000, from +143,000 to 
+125,000. With these revisions, employment in December and January combined is 2,000 lower than 
previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from businesses 
and government agencies since the last published estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal 
factors.)

_____________
The Employment Situation for March is scheduled to be released on Friday, April 4, 2025, 
at 8:30 a.m. (ET).




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025
Change from:
Jan.
2025-
Feb.
2025

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

267,711 269,638 272,685 272,847 162

Civilian labor force

167,475 168,547 170,744 170,359 -385

Participation rate

62.6 62.5 62.6 62.4 -0.2

Employed

161,013 161,661 163,895 163,307 -588

Employment-population ratio

60.1 60.0 60.1 59.9 -0.2

Unemployed

6,462 6,886 6,849 7,052 203

Unemployment rate

3.9 4.1 4.0 4.1 0.1

Not in labor force

100,237 101,091 101,941 102,487 546

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

3.9 4.1 4.0 4.1 0.1

Adult men (20 years and over)

3.5 3.7 3.7 3.8 0.1

Adult women (20 years and over)

3.5 3.8 3.7 3.8 0.1

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

12.6 12.4 11.8 12.9 1.1

White

3.4 3.6 3.5 3.8 0.3

Black or African American

5.6 6.1 6.2 6.0 -0.2

Asian

3.4 3.5 3.7 3.2 -0.5

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

5.1 5.1 4.8 5.2 0.4

Total, 25 years and over

3.2 3.4 3.3 3.4 0.1

Less than a high school diploma

6.2 5.6 5.2 6.0 0.8

High school graduates, no college

4.2 4.3 4.5 4.2 -0.3

Some college or associate degree

3.2 3.5 3.5 3.5 0.0

Bachelor's degree and higher

2.2 2.4 2.3 2.5 0.2

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs

3,214 3,251 3,235 3,316 81

Job leavers

712 947 912 918 6

Reentrants

1,964 2,031 2,124 2,208 84

New entrants

631 655 659 662 3

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,339 2,156 2,290 2,337 47

5 to 14 weeks

1,942 1,997 1,935 2,152 217

15 to 26 weeks

970 1,207 1,161 1,031 -130

27 weeks and over

1,213 1,551 1,443 1,455 12

Employed people at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

4,370 4,358 4,477 4,937 460

Slack work or business conditions

2,854 2,867 2,893 3,292 399

Could only find part-time work

1,112 1,195 1,195 1,253 58

Part time for noneconomic reasons

22,324 22,514 22,299 22,435 136

People not in the labor force

Marginally attached to the labor force

1,554 1,562 1,590 1,704 114

Discouraged workers

423 480 592 464 -128

NOTE: People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

222 323 125 151

Total private

151 287 81 140

Goods-producing

11 4 -7 34

Mining and logging

1 -1 -4 5

Construction

23 15 2 19

Manufacturing

-13 -10 -5 10

Durable goods(1)

-9 -15 -6 11

Motor vehicles and parts

-6.3 -3.4 -10.4 8.9

Nondurable goods

-4 5 1 -1

Private service-providing

140 283 88 106

Wholesale trade

-6.9 13.0 -4.2 8.8

Retail trade

9.4 34.4 29.5 -6.3

Transportation and warehousing

30.3 34.4 18.7 17.8

Utilities

3.6 -0.8 1.1 1.3

Information

-3 17 3 5

Financial activities

-10 12 14 21

Professional and business services(1)

-6 36 -39 -2

Temporary help services

-15.4 1.7 -10.3 -12.3

Private education and health services(1)

96 83 66 73

Health care and social assistance

88.9 75.5 63.9 63.1

Leisure and hospitality

15 47 -14 -16

Other services

11 7 13 4

Government

71 36 44 11

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

203 209 236 200

Total private

146 177 204 169

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)

Total nonfarm women employees

49.9 49.8 49.9 49.9

Total private women employees

48.4 48.4 48.4 48.3

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

81.4 81.5 81.5 81.5

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.3 34.2 34.1 34.1

Average hourly earnings

$34.54 $35.68 $35.83 $35.93

Average weekly earnings

$1,184.72 $1,220.26 $1,221.80 $1,225.21

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

115.4 116.2 116.0 116.1

Over-the-month percent change

0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

190.6 198.3 198.6 199.4

Over-the-month percent change

0.6 0.2 0.2 0.4

DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)(5)

Total private (250 industries)

53.8 60.8 52.4 58.4

Manufacturing (72 industries)

48.6 47.2 45.8 54.9

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 136,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 600,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cestn.htm#Revisions-Between-Preliminary-and-Final-Data.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes. About 45 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes. Monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed people limited to just those receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No. The estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All people who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes. However, there are separate estimates of people outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   It is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll
   employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment
   estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period.
   Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in
   the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid,
   please visit www.bls.gov/ces/publications/length-pay-period.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. People who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of people who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   people who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit data.bls.gov/toppicks?survey=ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 121,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 631,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll jobs.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during
the 4-week period ending with the reference week. People laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of the employed and unemployed.
Those people not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including people on paid leave. People are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2022 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable. The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or 
more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and
duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component
series and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted
total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 136,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-86,000 to +186,000 (50,000 +/- 136,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. Benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries
when necessary. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.1 percent, with a range from -0.3 percent to 0.3 percent.

Other information

   If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1
to access telecommunications relay services.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Feb.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Oct.
2024
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

267,711 272,685 272,847 267,711 269,289 269,463 269,638 272,685 272,847

Civilian labor force

167,285 169,814 170,116 167,475 168,428 168,304 168,547 170,744 170,359

Participation rate

62.5 62.3 62.3 62.6 62.5 62.5 62.5 62.6 62.4

Employed

160,315 162,347 162,544 161,013 161,456 161,183 161,661 163,895 163,307

Employment-population ratio

59.9 59.5 59.6 60.1 60.0 59.8 60.0 60.1 59.9

Unemployed

6,970 7,467 7,572 6,462 6,972 7,121 6,886 6,849 7,052

Unemployment rate

4.2 4.4 4.5 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.0 4.1

Not in labor force

100,426 102,871 102,731 100,237 100,861 101,159 101,091 101,941 102,487

People who currently want a job

5,546 5,658 5,809 5,675 5,652 5,483 5,505 5,479 5,893

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

130,520 133,010 133,089 130,520 131,287 131,371 131,455 133,010 133,089

Civilian labor force

88,299 89,844 89,792 88,446 89,378 89,151 89,295 90,393 89,987

Participation rate

67.7 67.5 67.5 67.8 68.1 67.9 67.9 68.0 67.6

Employed

84,391 85,611 85,519 85,048 85,592 85,318 85,620 86,733 86,226

Employment-population ratio

64.7 64.4 64.3 65.2 65.2 64.9 65.1 65.2 64.8

Unemployed

3,908 4,233 4,273 3,398 3,785 3,833 3,675 3,660 3,761

Unemployment rate

4.4 4.7 4.8 3.8 4.2 4.3 4.1 4.0 4.2

Not in labor force

42,221 43,166 43,297 42,074 41,909 42,220 42,160 42,617 43,102

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

121,611 123,918 123,996 121,611 122,316 122,398 122,480 123,918 123,996

Civilian labor force

85,313 86,808 86,634 85,223 86,191 85,982 85,945 87,067 86,594

Participation rate

70.2 70.1 69.9 70.1 70.5 70.2 70.2 70.3 69.8

Employed

81,802 82,954 82,838 82,224 82,851 82,633 82,739 83,803 83,311

Employment-population ratio

67.3 66.9 66.8 67.6 67.7 67.5 67.6 67.6 67.2

Unemployed

3,511 3,854 3,796 2,999 3,339 3,348 3,206 3,264 3,283

Unemployment rate

4.1 4.4 4.4 3.5 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.8

Not in labor force

36,299 37,110 37,362 36,388 36,125 36,417 36,535 36,851 37,402

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

137,191 139,674 139,758 137,191 138,002 138,092 138,183 139,674 139,758

Civilian labor force

78,986 79,969 80,323 79,028 79,050 79,153 79,252 80,351 80,372

Participation rate

57.6 57.3 57.5 57.6 57.3 57.3 57.4 57.5 57.5

Employed

75,924 76,736 77,025 75,965 75,864 75,865 76,041 77,162 77,081

Employment-population ratio

55.3 54.9 55.1 55.4 55.0 54.9 55.0 55.2 55.2

Unemployed

3,062 3,234 3,298 3,063 3,187 3,288 3,211 3,189 3,291

Unemployment rate

3.9 4.0 4.1 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.0 4.1

Not in labor force

58,205 59,705 59,435 58,163 58,952 58,939 58,931 59,324 59,385

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

128,581 130,908 130,991 128,581 129,340 129,428 129,518 130,908 130,991

Civilian labor force

75,995 77,020 77,276 75,826 75,916 75,920 75,994 77,203 77,115

Participation rate

59.1 58.8 59.0 59.0 58.7 58.7 58.7 59.0 58.9

Employed

73,299 74,136 74,320 73,171 73,152 72,988 73,135 74,380 74,205

Employment-population ratio

57.0 56.6 56.7 56.9 56.6 56.4 56.5 56.8 56.6

Unemployed

2,696 2,884 2,956 2,655 2,764 2,932 2,859 2,822 2,910

Unemployment rate

3.5 3.7 3.8 3.5 3.6 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.8

Not in labor force

52,586 53,888 53,715 52,755 53,423 53,509 53,524 53,706 53,876

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

17,519 17,859 17,860 17,519 17,633 17,636 17,640 17,859 17,860

Civilian labor force

5,978 5,986 6,205 6,426 6,321 6,403 6,607 6,474 6,650

Participation rate

34.1 33.5 34.7 36.7 35.8 36.3 37.5 36.3 37.2

Employed

5,214 5,257 5,386 5,618 5,453 5,562 5,786 5,712 5,792

Employment-population ratio

29.8 29.4 30.2 32.1 30.9 31.5 32.8 32.0 32.4

Unemployed

763 728 820 808 868 841 821 763 858

Unemployment rate

12.8 12.2 13.2 12.6 13.7 13.1 12.4 11.8 12.9

Not in labor force

11,541 11,873 11,655 11,093 11,312 11,233 11,033 11,385 11,210

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Feb.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Oct.
2024
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

204,677 207,088 207,147 204,677 205,444 205,521 205,598 207,088 207,147

Civilian labor force

126,960 128,282 128,371 127,092 127,746 127,710 127,827 128,988 128,548

Participation rate

62.0 61.9 62.0 62.1 62.2 62.1 62.2 62.3 62.1

Employed

122,180 123,231 123,128 122,716 122,901 122,856 123,213 124,431 123,726

Employment-population ratio

59.7 59.5 59.4 60.0 59.8 59.8 59.9 60.1 59.7

Unemployed

4,779 5,051 5,243 4,376 4,845 4,854 4,614 4,557 4,822

Unemployment rate

3.8 3.9 4.1 3.4 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.5 3.8

Not in labor force

77,717 78,806 78,776 77,585 77,699 77,811 77,770 78,100 78,599

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

65,748 66,565 66,344 65,732 66,431 66,289 66,244 66,794 66,365

Participation rate

69.6 69.6 69.4 69.6 70.1 69.9 69.8 69.9 69.4

Employed

63,315 64,034 63,619 63,687 64,078 63,965 64,087 64,721 64,049

Employment-population ratio

67.1 67.0 66.5 67.5 67.6 67.5 67.6 67.7 67.0

Unemployed

2,433 2,530 2,725 2,045 2,353 2,324 2,156 2,073 2,316

Unemployment rate

3.7 3.8 4.1 3.1 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.5

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

56,629 56,973 57,233 56,454 56,425 56,462 56,502 57,063 57,060

Participation rate

58.0 57.7 58.0 57.9 57.6 57.6 57.6 57.8 57.8

Employed

54,791 55,040 55,254 54,648 54,578 54,545 54,607 55,195 55,117

Employment-population ratio

56.2 55.8 56.0 56.0 55.7 55.7 55.7 55.9 55.8

Unemployed

1,838 1,933 1,979 1,806 1,847 1,916 1,895 1,868 1,943

Unemployment rate

3.2 3.4 3.5 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

4,583 4,745 4,795 4,906 4,890 4,959 5,082 5,131 5,123

Participation rate

36.1 37.0 37.4 38.7 38.4 39.0 40.0 40.0 39.9

Employed

4,075 4,157 4,255 4,381 4,245 4,346 4,519 4,516 4,560

Employment-population ratio

32.1 32.4 33.2 34.5 33.4 34.2 35.5 35.2 35.6

Unemployed

508 588 540 525 645 613 563 616 562

Unemployment rate

11.1 12.4 11.3 10.7 13.2 12.4 11.1 12.0 11.0

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

34,849 35,621 35,653 34,849 35,128 35,161 35,194 35,621 35,653

Civilian labor force

22,084 22,131 22,256 22,184 22,086 21,952 21,971 22,260 22,340

Participation rate

63.4 62.1 62.4 63.7 62.9 62.4 62.4 62.5 62.7

Employed

20,810 20,704 20,890 20,936 20,821 20,556 20,640 20,874 21,002

Employment-population ratio

59.7 58.1 58.6 60.1 59.3 58.5 58.6 58.6 58.9

Unemployed

1,274 1,427 1,366 1,248 1,266 1,396 1,331 1,386 1,339

Unemployment rate

5.8 6.4 6.1 5.6 5.7 6.4 6.1 6.2 6.0

Not in labor force

12,765 13,489 13,398 12,665 13,042 13,208 13,223 13,361 13,313

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,300 10,400 10,313 10,337 10,330 10,267 10,207 10,451 10,347

Participation rate

69.5 68.7 68.0 69.8 69.2 68.7 68.2 69.0 68.3

Employed

9,615 9,625 9,695 9,702 9,745 9,655 9,631 9,728 9,773

Employment-population ratio

64.9 63.6 64.0 65.5 65.3 64.6 64.4 64.2 64.5

Unemployed

685 775 618 635 585 612 576 723 574

Unemployment rate

6.6 7.5 6.0 6.1 5.7 6.0 5.6 6.9 5.5

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

11,048 11,108 11,172 11,054 10,993 10,953 10,986 11,133 11,174

Participation rate

63.3 62.4 62.7 63.4 62.6 62.3 62.4 62.5 62.7

Employed

10,563 10,510 10,572 10,564 10,444 10,301 10,388 10,534 10,566

Employment-population ratio

60.6 59.0 59.3 60.6 59.5 58.6 59.0 59.2 59.3

Unemployed

485 598 600 491 549 651 598 598 607

Unemployment rate

4.4 5.4 5.4 4.4 5.0 5.9 5.4 5.4 5.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

737 623 770 793 764 733 778 677 820

Participation rate

28.4 23.3 28.8 30.6 29.0 27.8 29.5 25.3 30.6

Employed

632 569 623 671 632 600 621 612 662

Employment-population ratio

24.3 21.3 23.3 25.9 24.0 22.8 23.5 22.9 24.8

Unemployed

105 54 147 122 132 133 157 64 157

Unemployment rate

14.2 8.7 19.1 15.4 17.3 18.1 20.2 9.5 19.2

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

17,784 19,111 19,097 17,784 18,107 18,213 18,174 19,111 19,097

Civilian labor force

11,479 12,283 12,483 11,510 11,835 11,759 11,680 12,359 12,512

Participation rate

64.5 64.3 65.4 64.7 65.4 64.6 64.3 64.7 65.5

Employed

11,084 11,815 12,086 11,116 11,370 11,318 11,267 11,906 12,113

Employment-population ratio

62.3 61.8 63.3 62.5 62.8 62.1 62.0 62.3 63.4

Unemployed

395 467 398 393 466 441 413 453 399

Unemployment rate

3.4 3.8 3.2 3.4 3.9 3.8 3.5 3.7 3.2

Not in labor force

6,305 6,828 6,614 6,274 6,272 6,454 6,494 6,752 6,585

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Feb.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Oct.
2024
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

48,467 50,869 50,977 48,467 49,286 49,385 49,483 50,869 50,977

Civilian labor force

32,513 33,983 34,031 32,530 33,003 33,039 33,415 33,997 34,083

Participation rate

67.1 66.8 66.8 67.1 67.0 66.9 67.5 66.8 66.9

Employed

30,732 32,099 32,109 30,876 31,315 31,297 31,702 32,373 32,301

Employment-population ratio

63.4 63.1 63.0 63.7 63.5 63.4 64.1 63.6 63.4

Unemployed

1,781 1,884 1,921 1,654 1,688 1,743 1,713 1,623 1,782

Unemployment rate

5.5 5.5 5.6 5.1 5.1 5.3 5.1 4.8 5.2

Not in labor force

15,953 16,886 16,947 15,937 16,283 16,345 16,068 16,873 16,895

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

17,434 18,258 18,128 17,452 17,756 17,716 17,885 18,249 18,150

Participation rate

79.6 79.2 78.5 79.7 79.7 79.4 79.9 79.2 78.6

Employed

16,601 17,305 17,176 16,722 17,049 16,941 17,162 17,518 17,314

Employment-population ratio

75.8 75.1 74.4 76.3 76.5 75.9 76.7 76.0 75.0

Unemployed

832 954 952 729 706 775 723 731 836

Unemployment rate

4.8 5.2 5.3 4.2 4.0 4.4 4.0 4.0 4.6

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

13,575 14,233 14,353 13,533 13,759 13,879 13,985 14,204 14,347

Participation rate

61.7 61.7 62.1 61.5 61.5 61.9 62.2 61.6 62.1

Employed

12,862 13,546 13,592 12,854 13,046 13,154 13,241 13,564 13,621

Employment-population ratio

58.4 58.7 58.8 58.4 58.3 58.6 58.9 58.8 58.9

Unemployed

713 687 761 679 713 724 744 640 726

Unemployment rate

5.3 4.8 5.3 5.0 5.2 5.2 5.3 4.5 5.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,504 1,492 1,550 1,545 1,487 1,445 1,545 1,544 1,586

Participation rate

33.1 31.4 32.6 33.9 32.2 31.2 33.3 32.5 33.3

Employed

1,269 1,249 1,342 1,300 1,220 1,201 1,298 1,291 1,366

Employment-population ratio

27.9 26.3 28.2 28.6 26.4 26.0 28.0 27.2 28.7

Unemployed

235 243 209 245 268 244 247 252 220

Unemployment rate

15.6 16.3 13.5 15.9 18.0 16.9 16.0 16.3 13.8

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Oct.
2024
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

8,887 9,350 8,746 9,200 9,060 9,074 9,219 9,346 9,060

Participation rate

46.7 47.4 46.6 48.4 48.4 47.2 47.6 47.4 48.3

Employed

8,204 8,706 8,087 8,632 8,465 8,530 8,700 8,858 8,519

Employment-population ratio

43.1 44.1 43.1 45.4 45.2 44.3 44.9 44.9 45.4

Unemployed

683 644 659 568 595 544 519 487 541

Unemployment rate

7.7 6.9 7.5 6.2 6.6 6.0 5.6 5.2 6.0

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

36,541 36,526 36,329 36,449 35,876 36,038 35,931 36,582 36,215

Participation rate

57.1 57.0 56.4 57.0 56.7 56.9 56.9 57.1 56.2

Employed

34,866 34,687 34,634 34,932 34,436 34,380 34,376 34,954 34,676

Employment-population ratio

54.5 54.1 53.7 54.6 54.5 54.3 54.5 54.5 53.8

Unemployed

1,675 1,839 1,695 1,516 1,440 1,658 1,555 1,628 1,539

Unemployment rate

4.6 5.0 4.7 4.2 4.0 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.2

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

36,297 36,123 36,592 36,262 35,710 35,658 35,652 36,049 36,423

Participation rate

63.4 62.9 63.6 63.4 62.2 62.5 62.7 62.8 63.3

Employed

35,049 34,777 35,218 35,108 34,496 34,370 34,409 34,774 35,155

Employment-population ratio

61.2 60.5 61.2 61.3 60.1 60.2 60.5 60.5 61.1

Unemployed

1,248 1,345 1,374 1,154 1,213 1,288 1,242 1,275 1,268

Unemployment rate

3.4 3.7 3.8 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.5

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

64,479 66,215 66,785 64,012 65,938 65,763 65,687 66,334 66,292

Participation rate

72.7 72.3 72.4 72.2 72.5 72.5 72.1 72.4 71.8

Employed

63,013 64,673 65,111 62,578 64,283 64,149 64,079 64,831 64,655

Employment-population ratio

71.1 70.6 70.6 70.6 70.7 70.7 70.3 70.7 70.1

Unemployed

1,466 1,543 1,675 1,434 1,655 1,614 1,609 1,504 1,637

Unemployment rate

2.3 2.3 2.5 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.5

Footnotes
(1) Includes people with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes people with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

17,680 17,375 15,635 15,302 2,045 2,073

Civilian labor force

8,615 8,412 7,419 7,151 1,196 1,261

Participation rate

48.7 48.4 47.5 46.7 58.5 60.8

Employed

8,369 8,069 7,199 6,865 1,170 1,204

Employment-population ratio

47.3 46.4 46.0 44.9 57.2 58.1

Unemployed

247 343 220 286 26 57

Unemployment rate

2.9 4.1 3.0 4.0 2.2 4.5

Not in labor force

9,065 8,963 8,216 8,151 849 812

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

5,266 5,594 4,309 4,599 957 995

Civilian labor force

4,195 4,448 3,484 3,681 711 767

Participation rate

79.7 79.5 80.9 80.0 74.3 77.1

Employed

4,090 4,256 3,395 3,530 695 726

Employment-population ratio

77.7 76.1 78.8 76.8 72.7 73.0

Unemployed

105 192 89 151 16 42

Unemployment rate

2.5 4.3 2.6 4.1 2.2 5.4

Not in labor force

1,071 1,146 825 918 246 228

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

2,820 3,231 2,389 2,733 431 498

Civilian labor force

2,022 2,146 1,737 1,829 286 317

Participation rate

71.7 66.4 72.7 66.9 66.3 63.7

Employed

1,967 2,048 1,681 1,736 286 313

Employment-population ratio

69.8 63.4 70.4 63.5 66.3 62.8

Unemployed

55 98 55 94 0 5

Unemployment rate

2.7 4.6 3.2 5.1 0.0 1.4

Not in labor force

797 1,085 652 904 145 181

Vietnam-era and earlier wartime veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

5,756 4,988 5,513 4,799 243 189

Civilian labor force

695 589 672 570 23 19

Participation rate

12.1 11.8 12.2 11.9 9.6 10.2

Employed

660 569 637 550 23 19

Employment-population ratio

11.5 11.4 11.6 11.5 9.6 10.2

Unemployed

35 20 35 20 0 0

Unemployment rate

5.0 3.5 5.2 3.6 - -

Not in labor force

5,061 4,399 4,841 4,229 220 170

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,838 3,562 3,424 3,171 414 391

Civilian labor force

1,703 1,229 1,527 1,071 176 157

Participation rate

44.4 34.5 44.6 33.8 42.5 40.2

Employed

1,651 1,197 1,486 1,050 165 147

Employment-population ratio

43.0 33.6 43.4 33.1 39.9 37.5

Unemployed

52 32 41 22 11 10

Unemployment rate

3.0 2.6 2.7 2.0 6.0 6.6

Not in labor force

2,135 2,333 1,897 2,100 238 234

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

240,832 245,953 110,303 112,950 130,529 133,003

Civilian labor force

156,583 159,573 79,939 81,581 76,644 77,992

Participation rate

65.0 64.9 72.5 72.2 58.7 58.6

Employed

150,113 152,685 76,364 77,793 73,749 74,892

Employment-population ratio

62.3 62.1 69.2 68.9 56.5 56.3

Unemployed

6,470 6,888 3,574 3,788 2,896 3,100

Unemployment rate

4.1 4.3 4.5 4.6 3.8 4.0

Not in labor force

84,249 86,380 30,364 31,369 53,884 55,011

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age People with a disability People with no disability
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

33,864 34,266 233,847 238,581

Civilian labor force

8,270 8,311 159,015 161,805

Participation rate

24.4 24.3 68.0 67.8

Employed

7,636 7,601 152,679 154,943

Employment-population ratio

22.5 22.2 65.3 64.9

Unemployed

634 710 6,336 6,861

Unemployment rate

7.7 8.5 4.0 4.2

Not in labor force

25,594 25,955 74,832 76,776

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

3,349 3,341 78,756 80,206

Participation rate

40.2 41.1 82.6 82.6

Employed

3,068 3,009 75,356 76,486

Employment-population ratio

36.8 37.1 79.1 78.8

Unemployed

281 332 3,401 3,720

Unemployment rate

8.4 9.9 4.3 4.6

Not in labor force

4,981 4,781 16,550 16,910

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

3,407 3,535 70,334 71,477

Participation rate

39.9 40.5 72.9 73.0

Employed

3,126 3,242 67,693 68,666

Employment-population ratio

36.6 37.1 70.2 70.2

Unemployed

281 293 2,642 2,811

Unemployment rate

8.2 8.3 3.8 3.9

Not in labor force

5,127 5,200 26,153 26,398

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

1,514 1,435 9,924 10,122

Participation rate

8.9 8.2 23.6 23.2

Employed

1,442 1,349 9,630 9,791

Employment-population ratio

8.5 7.7 22.9 22.5

Unemployed

73 86 294 331

Unemployment rate

4.8 6.0 3.0 3.3

Not in labor force

15,486 15,974 32,128 33,469

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

48,810 50,057 24,041 24,631 24,769 25,426

Civilian labor force

32,521 33,241 18,499 18,936 14,022 14,305

Participation rate

66.6 66.4 77.0 76.9 56.6 56.3

Employed

31,002 31,687 17,704 18,073 13,299 13,614

Employment-population ratio

63.5 63.3 73.6 73.4 53.7 53.5

Unemployed

1,519 1,555 796 863 723 691

Unemployment rate

4.7 4.7 4.3 4.6 5.2 4.8

Not in labor force

16,289 16,816 5,541 5,696 10,747 11,120

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

218,901 222,790 106,479 108,458 112,422 114,332

Civilian labor force

134,764 136,874 69,800 70,857 64,964 66,018

Participation rate

61.6 61.4 65.6 65.3 57.8 57.7

Employed

129,313 130,857 66,688 67,446 62,625 63,411

Employment-population ratio

59.1 58.7 62.6 62.2 55.7 55.5

Unemployed

5,451 6,017 3,112 3,410 2,339 2,607

Unemployment rate

4.0 4.4 4.5 4.8 3.6 3.9

Not in labor force

84,137 85,915 36,679 37,601 47,458 48,314

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are people who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed people by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Oct.
2024
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,111 2,202 2,152 2,212 2,246 2,202 2,258 2,319 2,259

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,454 1,486 1,396 1,536 1,569 1,489 1,521 1,573 1,489

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

621 693 735 646 668 701 723 723 753

Unpaid family workers

35 24 22 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

158,205 160,145 160,391 158,681 159,341 159,070 159,469 161,357 160,930

Wage and salary workers(1)

148,897 151,281 151,531 149,360 150,120 149,881 150,253 152,363 152,034

Government

21,517 22,102 21,957 21,171 22,113 22,188 22,109 21,764 21,653

Private industries

127,380 129,179 129,575 128,169 127,994 127,709 128,209 130,742 130,414

Private households

746 650 565 - - - - - -

Other industries

126,634 128,529 129,009 127,388 127,444 127,155 127,713 130,025 129,816

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,261 8,831 8,821 9,371 9,171 9,122 9,241 9,103 8,946

Unpaid family workers

47 33 39 - - - - - -

PEOPLE AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

4,592 4,935 5,166 4,370 4,565 4,469 4,358 4,477 4,937

Slack work or business conditions

3,098 3,340 3,545 2,854 3,032 3,125 2,867 2,893 3,292

Could only find part-time work

1,139 1,206 1,307 1,112 1,179 1,084 1,195 1,195 1,253

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

23,043 22,325 23,148 22,324 22,351 22,380 22,514 22,299 22,435

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

4,479 4,854 5,086 4,300 4,426 4,387 4,299 4,416 4,899

Slack work or business conditions

3,013 3,293 3,489 2,808 2,957 3,072 2,833 2,857 3,273

Could only find part-time work

1,130 1,206 1,306 1,105 1,163 1,077 1,196 1,193 1,253

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

22,677 21,961 22,739 21,964 21,961 22,029 22,150 21,935 22,039

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed people who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to people who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes people who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Oct.
2024
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

160,315 162,347 162,544 161,013 161,456 161,183 161,661 163,895 163,307

16 to 19 years

5,214 5,257 5,386 5,618 5,453 5,562 5,786 5,712 5,792

16 to 17 years

1,833 1,797 1,790 2,040 1,994 1,930 2,019 1,989 1,994

18 to 19 years

3,381 3,460 3,596 3,585 3,438 3,630 3,762 3,719 3,801

20 years and over

155,101 157,090 157,158 155,395 156,003 155,621 155,875 158,183 157,516

20 to 24 years

13,969 14,247 14,109 14,180 14,208 14,142 14,277 14,606 14,332

25 years and over

141,131 142,843 143,049 141,294 141,757 141,409 141,547 143,606 143,219

25 to 54 years

103,564 105,014 105,244 103,699 103,792 103,615 103,766 105,538 105,386

25 to 34 years

35,631 36,131 36,240 35,665 35,516 35,463 35,563 36,406 36,283

35 to 44 years

36,077 36,710 36,765 36,092 36,295 36,274 36,306 36,841 36,779

45 to 54 years

31,856 32,173 32,239 31,942 31,981 31,878 31,897 32,291 32,323

55 years and over

37,567 37,829 37,805 37,595 37,965 37,794 37,781 38,068 37,833

Men, 16 years and over

84,391 85,611 85,519 85,048 85,592 85,318 85,620 86,733 86,226

16 to 19 years

2,589 2,657 2,681 2,824 2,741 2,685 2,881 2,930 2,915

16 to 17 years

828 857 861 944 977 886 980 973 980

18 to 19 years

1,761 1,800 1,819 1,888 1,754 1,797 1,899 1,954 1,946

20 years and over

81,802 82,954 82,838 82,224 82,851 82,633 82,739 83,803 83,311

20 to 24 years

6,951 7,162 7,056 7,107 7,188 7,172 7,329 7,381 7,218

25 years and over

74,851 75,792 75,782 75,209 75,632 75,425 75,401 76,517 76,172

25 to 54 years

54,836 55,603 55,666 55,101 55,197 55,113 55,091 56,140 55,955

25 to 34 years

18,868 18,997 19,106 18,944 18,882 18,838 18,806 19,228 19,188

35 to 44 years

19,162 19,648 19,655 19,235 19,425 19,418 19,423 19,820 19,740

45 to 54 years

16,806 16,957 16,905 16,922 16,890 16,856 16,862 17,092 17,026

55 years and over

20,016 20,189 20,116 20,108 20,435 20,312 20,310 20,377 20,217

Women, 16 years and over

75,924 76,736 77,025 75,965 75,864 75,865 76,041 77,162 77,081

16 to 19 years

2,625 2,600 2,705 2,794 2,712 2,877 2,906 2,782 2,877

16 to 17 years

1,005 940 929 1,096 1,017 1,043 1,038 1,016 1,013

18 to 19 years

1,620 1,660 1,777 1,697 1,684 1,832 1,863 1,765 1,855

20 years and over

73,299 74,136 74,320 73,171 73,152 72,988 73,135 74,380 74,205

20 to 24 years

7,019 7,085 7,053 7,073 7,020 6,970 6,948 7,225 7,114

25 years and over

66,280 67,051 67,267 66,085 66,125 65,985 66,146 67,089 67,047

25 to 54 years

48,728 49,412 49,578 48,598 48,595 48,502 48,675 49,398 49,431

25 to 34 years

16,763 17,134 17,134 16,721 16,634 16,625 16,757 17,177 17,095

35 to 44 years

16,916 17,062 17,110 16,857 16,869 16,856 16,883 17,022 17,039

45 to 54 years

15,050 15,215 15,334 15,020 15,092 15,022 15,036 15,199 15,297

55 years and over

17,552 17,640 17,689 17,487 17,530 17,482 17,471 17,691 17,616

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

45,452 45,930 45,715 45,452 46,082 45,828 45,974 46,093 45,752

Married women, spouse present(1)

37,035 37,112 37,527 36,850 37,192 36,993 37,011 37,109 37,318

Women who maintain families(2)

9,955 10,100 10,245 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

131,815 134,234 133,372 133,021 133,471 133,423 133,510 135,896 134,676

Part-time workers(4)

28,501 28,113 29,172 27,922 27,922 27,671 27,918 27,901 28,511

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

8,411 8,643 9,036 8,264 8,308 8,577 8,478 8,764 8,860

Percent of total employed

5.2 5.3 5.6 5.1 5.1 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.4

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

6,565 6,821 6,911 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,883 9,524 9,556 10,016 9,839 9,823 9,964 9,827 9,700

Footnotes
(1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to people in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to people in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Employed full-time workers are people who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(4) Employed part-time workers are people who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed people
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Feb.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Oct.
2024
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

6,462 6,849 7,052 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.0 4.1

16 to 19 years

808 763 858 12.6 13.7 13.1 12.4 11.8 12.9

16 to 17 years

292 308 380 12.5 11.7 14.1 13.5 13.4 16.0

18 to 19 years

502 454 474 12.3 14.6 12.5 11.8 10.9 11.1

20 years and over

5,654 6,087 6,194 3.5 3.8 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.8

20 to 24 years

1,099 1,259 1,294 7.2 7.8 7.8 7.5 7.9 8.3

25 years and over

4,654 4,877 4,974 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.4

25 to 54 years

3,543 3,671 3,827 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.5

25 to 34 years

1,593 1,606 1,669 4.3 4.2 4.5 4.5 4.2 4.4

35 to 44 years

1,085 1,190 1,243 2.9 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.1 3.3

45 to 54 years

865 875 914 2.6 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.6 2.7

55 years and over

1,082 1,185 1,117 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.0 2.9

Men, 16 years and over

3,398 3,660 3,761 3.8 4.2 4.3 4.1 4.0 4.2

16 to 19 years

399 396 477 12.4 14.0 15.3 14.0 11.9 14.1

16 to 17 years

123 134 212 11.6 12.1 18.4 13.9 12.1 17.8

18 to 19 years

276 263 271 12.7 15.2 13.8 13.9 11.9 12.2

20 years and over

2,999 3,264 3,283 3.5 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.8

20 to 24 years

611 746 781 7.9 9.1 9.0 8.2 9.2 9.8

25 years and over

2,477 2,572 2,565 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3

25 to 54 years

1,897 1,944 1,986 3.3 3.4 3.6 3.3 3.3 3.4

25 to 34 years

830 863 850 4.2 4.2 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.2

35 to 44 years

603 600 628 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.1 2.9 3.1

45 to 54 years

464 481 507 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.3 2.7 2.9

55 years and over

580 628 579 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.0 2.8

Women, 16 years and over

3,063 3,189 3,291 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.0 4.1

16 to 19 years

408 366 381 12.7 13.5 11.0 10.8 11.6 11.7

16 to 17 years

169 175 168 13.3 11.4 10.0 13.0 14.7 14.2

18 to 19 years

226 191 203 11.8 13.9 11.2 9.6 9.8 9.9

20 years and over

2,655 2,822 2,910 3.5 3.6 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.8

20 to 24 years

488 514 513 6.5 6.3 6.6 6.7 6.6 6.7

25 years and over

2,177 2,304 2,409 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.3 3.5

25 to 54 years

1,646 1,727 1,841 3.3 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.6

25 to 34 years

762 743 819 4.4 4.1 4.4 4.4 4.1 4.6

35 to 44 years

482 590 615 2.8 4.0 4.0 3.7 3.3 3.5

45 to 54 years

401 394 407 2.6 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.5 2.6

55 years and over

519 558 551 2.9 2.6 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.0

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

884 944 997 1.9 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.1

Married women, spouse present(1)

772 886 953 2.1 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.5

Women who maintain families(2)

583 582 617 5.5 5.0 5.9 5.5 5.5 5.7

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

5,372 5,677 5,790 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.0 4.1

Part-time workers(4)

1,142 1,227 1,311 3.9 4.3 4.7 4.4 4.2 4.4

Footnotes
(1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to people in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to people in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Full-time workers are unemployed people who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(4) Part-time workers are unemployed people who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed people by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Oct.
2024
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs

3,691 3,885 3,794 3,214 3,363 3,394 3,251 3,235 3,316

On temporary layoff

1,123 1,318 1,113 824 820 787 862 835 817

Not on temporary layoff

2,568 2,567 2,680 2,390 2,543 2,607 2,389 2,400 2,499

Permanent job losers

1,812 1,759 1,831 1,730 1,822 1,871 1,707 1,708 1,748

People who completed temporary jobs

756 808 849 660 721 736 682 693 751

Job leavers

712 910 918 712 802 854 947 912 918

Reentrants

1,991 2,123 2,255 1,964 2,151 2,182 2,031 2,124 2,208

New entrants

576 549 605 631 608 690 655 659 662

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs

53.0 52.0 50.1 49.3 48.6 47.7 47.2 46.7 46.7

On temporary layoff

16.1 17.6 14.7 12.6 11.8 11.1 12.5 12.0 11.5

Not on temporary layoff

36.8 34.4 35.4 36.6 36.7 36.6 34.7 34.6 35.2

Job leavers

10.2 12.2 12.1 10.9 11.6 12.0 13.8 13.2 12.9

Reentrants

28.6 28.4 29.8 30.1 31.1 30.6 29.5 30.7 31.1

New entrants

8.3 7.4 8.0 9.7 8.8 9.7 9.5 9.5 9.3

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs

2.2 2.3 2.2 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9

Job leavers

0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5

Reentrants

1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3

New entrants

0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed people by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Oct.
2024
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

2,198 2,716 2,216 2,339 2,109 2,208 2,156 2,290 2,337

5 to 14 weeks

2,370 2,101 2,652 1,942 2,082 2,063 1,997 1,935 2,152

15 weeks and over

2,402 2,650 2,703 2,183 2,839 2,890 2,758 2,604 2,486

15 to 26 weeks

1,113 1,166 1,172 970 1,231 1,236 1,207 1,161 1,031

27 weeks and over

1,288 1,484 1,531 1,213 1,608 1,654 1,551 1,443 1,455

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

20.6 20.6 21.0 20.9 22.9 23.6 23.7 22.0 21.3

Median duration, in weeks

9.2 9.1 9.9 9.3 10.1 10.5 10.4 10.4 10.0

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

31.5 36.4 29.3 36.2 30.0 30.8 31.2 33.5 33.5

5 to 14 weeks

34.0 28.1 35.0 30.0 29.6 28.8 28.9 28.3 30.9

15 weeks and over

34.5 35.5 35.7 33.8 40.4 40.4 39.9 38.1 35.6

15 to 26 weeks

16.0 15.6 15.5 15.0 17.5 17.3 17.5 17.0 14.8

27 weeks and over

18.5 19.9 20.2 18.8 22.9 23.1 22.4 21.1 20.9

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed people by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025

Total, 16 years and over(1)

160,315 162,544 6,970 7,572 4.2 4.5

Management, professional, and related occupations

70,217 71,477 1,580 1,720 2.2 2.4

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

29,861 30,672 731 720 2.4 2.3

Professional and related occupations

40,355 40,805 849 1,000 2.1 2.4

Service occupations

25,843 26,316 1,395 1,757 5.1 6.3

Sales and office occupations

29,884 30,631 1,368 1,276 4.4 4.0

Sales and related occupations

14,364 14,138 704 635 4.7 4.3

Office and administrative support occupations

15,520 16,493 664 641 4.1 3.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

14,287 13,883 940 1,038 6.2 7.0

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

981 904 119 130 10.8 12.6

Construction and extraction occupations

8,400 7,978 665 720 7.3 8.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

4,905 5,000 156 187 3.1 3.6

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

20,085 20,236 1,101 1,160 5.2 5.4

Production occupations

8,188 8,299 382 348 4.5 4.0

Transportation and material moving occupations

11,896 11,937 718 812 5.7 6.4

Footnotes
(1) People with no previous work experience and people whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed people by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
people
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025

Total, 16 years and over(1)

6,970 7,572 4.2 4.5

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

5,522 5,978 4.2 4.4

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

24 23 4.2 3.9

Construction

711 741 7.0 7.2

Manufacturing

450 456 3.0 2.9

Durable goods

270 316 2.8 3.1

Nondurable goods

180 141 3.4 2.6

Wholesale and retail trade

926 967 4.7 4.8

Transportation and utilities

424 349 5.2 4.1

Information

121 148 4.3 5.4

Financial activities

242 211 2.4 2.0

Professional and business services

962 1,038 5.1 5.3

Education and health services

587 785 2.2 2.8

Leisure and hospitality

810 983 5.9 7.4

Other services

265 277 3.9 4.2

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

140 117 9.0 8.0

Government workers

373 440 1.7 2.0

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

359 431 3.5 4.3

Footnotes
(1) People with no previous work experience and people whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2025 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2022 Census industry classification system, derived from the 2022 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2025 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Oct.
2024
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025
Feb.
2025

U-1 People unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

1.4 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5

U-2 Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

2.2 2.3 2.2 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

4.2 4.4 4.5 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.0 4.1

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

4.4 4.8 4.7 4.1 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.4

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other people marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all people marginally attached to the labor force

5.1 5.3 5.4 4.7 5.0 5.1 5.0 4.9 5.1

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all people marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all people marginally attached to the labor force

7.8 8.2 8.4 7.3 7.7 7.7 7.5 7.5 8.0

NOTE: People marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. People employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. People not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2025

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

100,426 102,731 42,221 43,297 58,205 59,435

People who currently want a job

5,546 5,809 2,621 2,697 2,925 3,112

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

1,559 1,733 792 911 767 822

Discouraged workers(2)

425 463 245 329 180 134

Other people marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,135 1,270 548 582 587 687

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

8,411 9,036 3,986 4,283 4,425 4,753

Percent of total employed

5.2 5.6 4.7 5.0 5.8 6.2

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

4,830 5,371 2,513 2,690 2,317 2,681

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

2,210 2,138 766 785 1,444 1,353

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

386 404 238 244 148 160

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

934 1,058 438 537 495 522

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to people who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of people who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)
Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)
Change from:
Jan.2025 - Feb.2025(p)

Total nonfarm

156,007 159,923 157,092 157,983 157,271 158,942 159,067 159,218 151

Total private

132,520 136,080 133,595 134,132 134,047 135,382 135,463 135,603 140

Goods-producing

21,255 21,628 21,248 21,322 21,622 21,673 21,666 21,700 34

Mining and logging

623 623 619 619 633 624 620 625 5

Logging

42.5 39.3 39.1 39.6 42.1 39.0 39.0 39.2 0.2

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

580.8 583.4 579.4 579.7 591.1 585.0 581.4 586.1 4.7

Oil and gas extraction

121.0 123.2 123.4 121.2 121.9 123.0 122.9 122.0 -0.9

Mining (except oil and gas)

186.6 189.7 187.0 187.4 191.7 191.3 191.8 192.5 0.7

Coal mining

42.1 41.8 41.4 40.8 42.3 41.8 41.3 40.9 -0.4

Metal ore mining

44.7 44.9 45.0 45.1 44.8 45.1 45.2 45.4 0.2

Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying

99.8 103.0 100.6 101.5 104.6 104.4 105.3 106.3 1.0

Support activities for mining

273.2 270.5 269.0 271.1 277.5 270.7 266.7 271.6 4.9

Construction

7,832 8,219 7,955 7,992 8,136 8,289 8,291 8,310 19

Construction of buildings

1,792.4 1,865.8 1,830.8 1,828.3 1,833.0 1,868.4 1,870.6 1,872.4 1.8

Residential building construction

909.5 953.5 934.7 933.4 930.1 953.2 955.0 955.1 0.1

Nonresidential building construction

882.9 912.3 896.1 894.9 902.9 915.2 915.6 917.3 1.7

Heavy and civil engineering construction

1,060.4 1,137.1 1,073.6 1,086.8 1,147.4 1,172.7 1,173.7 1,176.2 2.5

Specialty trade contractors

4,978.8 5,216.1 5,050.4 5,076.5 5,155.9 5,247.9 5,246.7 5,261.3 14.6

Residential specialty trade contractors

2,309.7 2,388.5 2,305.9 2,327.5 2,388.8 2,406.7 2,401.7 2,414.3 12.6

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,669.1 2,827.6 2,744.5 2,749.0 2,767.1 2,841.2 2,845.0 2,847.0 2.0

Manufacturing

12,800 12,786 12,674 12,711 12,853 12,760 12,755 12,765 10

Durable goods

7,979 7,934 7,861 7,889 8,004 7,910 7,904 7,915 11

Wood product manufacturing

415.0 414.1 412.3 415.5 417.5 414.3 415.7 416.9 1.2

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

410.0 427.9 420.0 421.2 419.5 425.7 429.9 431.9 2.0

Primary metal manufacturing

372.0 372.8 371.2 372.5 372.9 371.9 372.6 373.7 1.1

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

1,451.1 1,434.6 1,433.3 1,435.3 1,453.0 1,433.8 1,435.8 1,436.8 1.0

Machinery manufacturing

1,122.0 1,114.5 1,113.1 1,118.0 1,124.2 1,113.8 1,115.6 1,119.2 3.6

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

1,033.0 1,016.2 1,005.7 1,005.1 1,035.5 1,014.5 1,009.8 1,007.1 -2.7

Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing

110.3 111.9 109.4 110.3 110.8 111.0 109.9 110.6 0.7

Communications equipment manufacturing

84.1 81.9 81.1 80.8 84.4 81.6 81.2 81.0 -0.2

Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing

394.1 382.8 378.9 376.5 394.9 382.9 379.7 377.2 -2.5

Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control instruments manufacturing

415.2 410.1 408.0 409.6 415.9 409.8 410.0 409.9 -0.1

Manufacturing and reproducing magnetic and optical media and audio and video equipment manufacturing

29.3 29.5 28.3 27.9 29.6 29.3 29.0 28.4 -0.6

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

418.1 407.4 407.7 407.5 419.9 407.0 407.9 407.3 -0.6

Transportation equipment manufacturing(1)

1,789.9 1,792.3 1,753.5 1,766.4 1,791.1 1,777.6 1,766.2 1,772.0 5.8

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

1,015.9 1,019.7 988.3 1,002.4 1,018.1 1,007.5 997.1 1,006.0 8.9

Furniture and related product manufacturing

347.2 338.9 335.6 336.4 348.2 337.9 337.2 336.9 -0.3

Miscellaneous manufacturing

620.5 615.7 608.9 611.2 622.4 613.5 613.1 613.1 0.0

Nondurable goods

4,821 4,852 4,813 4,822 4,849 4,850 4,851 4,850 -1

Food manufacturing

1,752.5 1,777.9 1,754.7 1,759.2 1,758.9 1,769.6 1,768.1 1,768.8 0.7

Textile mills

86.6 86.1 85.9 84.9 87.4 86.1 85.7 85.2 -0.5

Textile product mills

98.7 99.8 99.2 99.5 98.9 99.7 99.1 99.3 0.2

Apparel manufacturing

86.1 83.5 83.2 83.1 86.5 83.3 84.7 83.5 -1.2

Paper manufacturing

356.4 355.8 355.4 356.9 355.8 354.4 355.2 357.1 1.9

Printing and related support activities

358.2 355.5 352.2 351.7 360.6 353.8 354.5 353.9 -0.6

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

107.8 105.2 105.9 106.2 110.9 108.4 109.4 108.7 -0.7

Chemical manufacturing

893.4 902.0 898.3 899.7 893.5 901.7 900.6 900.2 -0.4

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

727.9 720.3 716.2 716.4 730.1 719.3 717.9 716.9 -1.0

Beverage, tobacco, and leather and allied product manufacturing

353.1 366.3 362.0 364.8 366.0 373.9 375.6 376.1 0.5

Private service-providing

111,265 114,452 112,347 112,810 112,425 113,709 113,797 113,903 106

Trade, transportation, and utilities

28,605 29,799 29,012 28,877 28,856 29,033 29,078 29,099 21

Wholesale trade

6,086.3 6,202.4 6,142.8 6,149.2 6,121.7 6,178.7 6,174.5 6,183.3 8.8

Merchant wholesalers, durable goods

3,407.7 3,472.1 3,441.3 3,454.6 3,420.0 3,459.6 3,455.0 3,465.9 10.9

Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods

2,189.2 2,233.6 2,210.0 2,206.1 2,210.0 2,225.5 2,225.8 2,225.4 -0.4

Wholesale trade agents and brokers

489.4 496.7 491.5 488.5 491.7 493.6 493.7 492.0 -1.7

Retail trade

15,367.3 15,954.0 15,517.4 15,396.4 15,530.2 15,537.5 15,567.0 15,560.7 -6.3

Motor vehicle and parts dealers

2,035.9 2,049.4 2,036.6 2,045.0 2,051.6 2,051.3 2,055.7 2,061.2 5.5

Automobile dealers

1,275.8 1,297.0 1,286.4 1,291.5 1,279.1 1,294.0 1,293.5 1,295.3 1.8

Other motor vehicle dealers

166.0 157.9 157.2 158.6 173.4 164.5 166.5 166.5 0.0

Automotive parts, accessories, and tire retailers

594.1 594.5 593.0 594.9 599.1 592.8 595.7 599.5 3.8

Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers

1,363.0 1,363.8 1,341.1 1,343.2 1,399.6 1,387.0 1,386.6 1,385.3 -1.3

Food and beverage retailers

3,216.7 3,276.0 3,233.3 3,221.0 3,219.3 3,234.5 3,233.1 3,218.1 -15.0

Furniture, home furnishings, electronics, and appliance retailers

812.5 841.2 801.7 792.7 813.2 801.8 798.1 793.8 -4.3

Furniture and home furnishings retailers

413.9 426.0 413.6 408.7 414.0 407.3 410.5 409.1 -1.4

Electronics and appliance retailers

398.6 415.2 388.1 384.0 399.3 394.5 387.7 384.7 -3.0

General merchandise retailers

3,201.4 3,455.5 3,298.6 3,262.7 3,240.9 3,272.6 3,302.7 3,313.0 10.3

Department stores

981.7 1,124.0 1,025.1 1,000.0 1,003.6 1,020.9 1,023.5 1,023.7 0.2

Warehouse clubs, supercenters, and other general merchandise retailers

2,219.7 2,331.5 2,273.5 2,262.7 2,237.4 2,251.7 2,279.2 2,289.3 10.1

Health and personal care retailers

1,094.8 1,122.1 1,100.6 1,089.6 1,093.0 1,089.9 1,090.9 1,088.5 -2.4

Gasoline stations and fuel dealers

1,039.8 1,057.2 1,046.5 1,048.0 1,051.9 1,057.6 1,055.7 1,061.3 5.6

Clothing, clothing accessories, shoe, and jewelry retailers

1,118.4 1,235.7 1,154.8 1,100.6 1,148.7 1,133.8 1,127.4 1,124.6 -2.8

Sporting goods, hobby, musical instrument, book, and miscellaneous retailers

1,484.8 1,553.1 1,504.2 1,493.6 1,512.0 1,509.0 1,516.8 1,514.9 -1.9

Transportation and warehousing

6,565.0 7,048.5 6,758.7 6,738.2 6,614.1 6,723.2 6,741.9 6,759.7 17.8

Air transportation

559.6 568.4 566.7 571.6 563.5 569.3 571.1 574.6 3.5

Rail transportation

158.3 154.6 153.6 153.6 157.6 154.9 154.6 154.0 -0.6

Water transportation

65.0 67.7 66.5 67.9 68.2 69.9 70.1 70.4 0.3

Truck transportation

1,504.1 1,521.9 1,499.8 1,493.9 1,530.5 1,516.8 1,517.0 1,515.1 -1.9

Transit and ground passenger transportation

475.7 500.9 498.6 498.6 461.4 485.0 489.8 485.7 -4.1

Pipeline transportation

54.4 56.2 59.2 58.8 54.5 56.4 58.7 58.4 -0.3

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

24.6 26.1 23.5 23.6 31.8 30.2 30.0 30.0 0.0

Support activities for transportation

825.9 855.1 841.5 842.4 827.8 843.9 841.9 842.4 0.5

Couriers and messengers

1,057.8 1,407.3 1,211.3 1,196.5 1,079.8 1,152.8 1,168.2 1,191.7 23.5

Warehousing and storage

1,839.6 1,890.3 1,838.0 1,831.3 1,839.0 1,844.0 1,840.5 1,837.4 -3.1

Utilities

586.7 594.3 592.6 593.2 589.8 593.1 594.2 595.5 1.3

Information

2,939 2,964 2,912 2,931 2,963 2,944 2,947 2,952 5

Motion picture and sound recording industries

388.9 415.8 381.0 401.2 404.8 406.9 408.8 413.5 4.7

Publishing industries

907.8 924.7 914.4 911.4 915.2 917.5 918.4 918.8 0.4

Broadcasting and content providers

346.8 332.2 331.0 333.5 345.3 331.0 332.5 331.5 -1.0

Telecommunications

629.1 622.0 613.1 613.2 629.0 620.8 613.3 614.3 1.0

Computing infrastructure providers, data processing, web hosting, and related services

482.5 485.5 487.3 489.2 484.3 484.4 489.5 490.2 0.7

Web search portals, libraries, archives, and other information services

184.3 183.7 185.3 182.8 184.4 183.7 184.8 183.8 -1.0

Financial activities

9,096 9,235 9,171 9,190 9,155 9,206 9,220 9,241 21

Finance and insurance

6,670.4 6,743.9 6,721.0 6,729.7 6,690.1 6,724.6 6,733.4 6,743.8 10.4

Monetary authorities-central bank

20.5 21.2 21.4 21.3 20.6 21.2 21.4 21.4 0.0

Credit intermediation and related
activities

2,575.7 2,558.7 2,552.5 2,553.9 2,576.3 2,556.3 2,553.6 2,554.9 1.3

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,789.1 1,779.7 1,777.4 1,774.6 1,787.0 1,778.6 1,776.6 1,773.7 -2.9

Commercial banking

1,384.5 1,369.6 1,368.2 1,363.8 1,382.1 1,369.2 1,366.7 1,362.0 -4.7

Nondepository credit intermediation

506.5 507.9 504.9 505.9 509.5 505.9 505.4 506.8 1.4

Activities related to credit intermediation

280.1 271.1 270.2 273.4 279.8 271.8 271.7 274.5 2.8

Securities, commodity contracts, funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles, investments, and related activities

1,100.0 1,135.5 1,120.8 1,123.7 1,109.9 1,127.9 1,126.9 1,130.9 4.0

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,974.2 3,028.5 3,026.3 3,030.8 2,983.3 3,019.2 3,031.5 3,036.6 5.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,425.8 2,490.9 2,449.7 2,459.8 2,464.8 2,481.0 2,487.0 2,496.9 9.9

Real estate

1,839.5 1,886.9 1,854.8 1,862.1 1,859.5 1,872.4 1,877.1 1,884.0 6.9

Rental and leasing services

564.1 580.7 572.1 574.8 582.8 585.5 586.7 589.7 3.0

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)

22.2 23.3 22.8 22.9 22.5 23.1 23.2 23.2 0.0

Professional and business services

22,392 22,707 22,195 22,312 22,661 22,614 22,575 22,573 -2

Professional, scientific, and technical services

10,812.5 10,912.2 10,812.3 10,849.3 10,802.5 10,864.8 10,856.1 10,846.8 -9.3

Legal services

1,192.9 1,203.7 1,188.8 1,184.9 1,197.0 1,192.0 1,192.8 1,189.5 -3.3

Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services

1,224.1 1,133.8 1,162.3 1,207.8 1,152.8 1,141.0 1,140.7 1,140.1 -0.6

Architectural, engineering, and related services

1,668.3 1,727.3 1,715.0 1,715.1 1,691.9 1,728.7 1,734.3 1,737.5 3.2

Specialized design services

150.9 153.3 148.8 147.1 152.4 150.9 150.1 148.9 -1.2

Computer systems design and related services

2,440.4 2,453.8 2,441.8 2,428.3 2,443.5 2,446.1 2,445.9 2,436.1 -9.8

Management, scientific, and technical consulting services

1,846.2 1,908.9 1,859.8 1,866.8 1,857.3 1,885.2 1,871.1 1,875.8 4.7

Scientific research and development services

928.0 939.8 930.0 933.5 933.1 940.8 940.8 941.2 0.4

Advertising, public relations, and related services

495.1 500.5 493.2 492.9 497.2 496.7 495.7 494.1 -1.6

Other professional, scientific, and technical services

866.6 891.1 872.6 872.9 877.2 883.4 884.7 883.6 -1.1

Management of companies and enterprises

2,612.1 2,631.3 2,610.3 2,606.3 2,618.8 2,621.7 2,616.4 2,615.2 -1.2

Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services

8,967.7 9,163.9 8,772.6 8,856.6 9,239.8 9,127.8 9,102.7 9,110.8 8.1

Administrative and support services

8,469.2 8,646.0 8,258.5 8,345.1 8,735.4 8,609.1 8,582.5 8,591.3 8.8

Office administrative services

615.6 626.9 619.5 621.3 619.9 626.2 623.0 624.4 1.4

Facilities support services

175.1 184.7 184.5 187.4 176.5 186.2 187.3 188.8 1.5

Employment services(1)

3,343.1 3,380.1 3,146.1 3,184.4 3,402.4 3,268.8 3,259.0 3,248.5 -10.5

Temporary help services

2,634.3 2,643.0 2,442.4 2,487.2 2,684.8 2,551.8 2,541.5 2,529.2 -12.3

Business support services

707.7 686.4 665.3 660.4 707.6 669.7 665.4 661.2 -4.2

Travel arrangement and reservation services

188.2 190.3 191.6 191.7 190.8 191.1 194.1 194.6 0.5

Investigation and security services

1,017.2 1,034.5 1,015.6 1,026.7 1,023.5 1,030.4 1,024.4 1,029.9 5.5

Services to buildings and dwellings

2,093.5 2,218.8 2,119.7 2,150.8 2,278.1 2,310.8 2,302.1 2,314.6 12.5

Other support services

328.8 324.3 316.2 322.4 336.7 325.9 327.1 329.3 2.2

Waste management and remediation services

498.5 517.9 514.1 511.5 504.4 518.7 520.2 519.5 -0.7

Private education and health services

26,248 27,093 26,854 27,172 26,127 26,931 26,997 27,070 73

Private educational services

4,086.1 4,055.8 3,911.1 4,128.2 3,937.2 3,992.1 3,994.1 4,003.7 9.6

Health care and social assistance

22,161.5 23,037.6 22,943.0 23,043.3 22,189.5 22,939.1 23,003.0 23,066.1 63.1

Health care(3)

17,371.9 18,034.7 17,949.5 18,018.3 17,401.9 17,949.6 17,991.7 18,043.7 52.0

Ambulatory health care services

8,643.3 8,990.3 8,925.0 8,970.5 8,656.0 8,933.9 8,953.5 8,979.1 25.6

Offices of physicians

2,941.7 3,041.8 3,013.2 3,028.3 2,946.4 3,014.8 3,020.3 3,031.1 10.8

Offices of dentists

1,036.0 1,053.2 1,052.8 1,051.8 1,040.3 1,047.8 1,054.7 1,055.1 0.4

Offices of other health practitioners

1,209.8 1,272.0 1,254.4 1,268.4 1,208.2 1,262.8 1,262.4 1,268.3 5.9

Outpatient care centers

1,101.9 1,123.2 1,114.2 1,119.0 1,100.5 1,117.9 1,115.3 1,119.2 3.9

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

312.0 306.0 306.8 308.5 311.6 305.5 306.0 306.4 0.4

Home health care services

1,687.2 1,835.6 1,825.9 1,837.2 1,693.9 1,826.4 1,837.7 1,841.8 4.1

Other ambulatory health care services

354.7 358.5 357.7 357.3 355.1 358.6 357.0 357.1 0.1

Hospitals

5,468.4 5,654.9 5,651.9 5,662.6 5,477.7 5,640.7 5,652.6 5,667.5 14.9

Nursing and residential care facilities

3,260.2 3,389.5 3,372.6 3,385.2 3,268.2 3,375.0 3,385.6 3,397.1 11.5

Skilled nursing care facilities

1,468.6 1,522.5 1,514.6 1,521.1 1,472.7 1,515.4 1,520.0 1,527.4 7.4

Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities

657.9 689.3 683.4 686.0 660.0 686.7 686.7 687.7 1.0

Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly

973.4 1,007.6 1,004.8 1,006.6 975.3 1,003.4 1,008.6 1,010.8 2.2

Other residential care facilities

160.3 170.1 169.8 171.5 160.3 169.5 170.3 171.3 1.0

Social assistance

4,789.6 5,002.9 4,993.5 5,025.0 4,787.6 4,989.5 5,011.3 5,022.4 11.1

Individual and family services

3,182.1 3,374.8 3,375.6 3,397.2 3,185.3 3,370.7 3,390.2 3,400.2 10.0

Community food and housing, and emergency and other relief services

229.2 238.2 238.8 239.9 228.6 235.5 239.6 240.1 0.5

Vocational rehabilitation services

282.2 286.1 281.2 285.1 284.9 286.5 285.3 286.3 1.0

Child care services

1,096.1 1,103.8 1,097.9 1,102.8 1,088.9 1,096.8 1,096.3 1,095.8 -0.5

Leisure and hospitality

16,116 16,672 16,263 16,363 16,735 16,979 16,965 16,949 -16

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2,359.7 2,510.9 2,434.6 2,466.5 2,589.4 2,665.5 2,680.8 2,688.6 7.8

Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries

531.5 599.3 558.7 585.8 580.6 616.2 616.2 626.9 10.7

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

164.4 177.7 168.9 172.3 177.9 182.4 183.2 185.0 1.8

Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries

1,663.8 1,733.9 1,707.0 1,708.4 1,830.9 1,866.9 1,881.4 1,876.7 -4.7

Accommodation and food services

13,755.8 14,161.1 13,828.5 13,896.5 14,145.8 14,313.5 14,284.5 14,260.7 -23.8

Accommodation

1,836.9 1,889.5 1,850.7 1,862.5 1,919.9 1,948.5 1,949.0 1,952.7 3.7

Food services and drinking places

11,918.9 12,271.6 11,977.8 12,034.0 12,225.9 12,365.0 12,335.5 12,308.0 -27.5

Other services

5,869 5,982 5,940 5,965 5,928 6,002 6,015 6,019 4

Repair and maintenance

1,450.8 1,465.5 1,461.3 1,467.7 1,463.6 1,470.9 1,478.0 1,475.4 -2.6

Personal and laundry services

1,555.2 1,611.1 1,596.1 1,601.2 1,572.6 1,610.9 1,615.3 1,618.1 2.8

Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations

2,863.0 2,905.6 2,882.7 2,896.2 2,892.1 2,920.6 2,921.4 2,925.2 3.8

Government

23,487 23,843 23,497 23,851 23,224 23,560 23,604 23,615 11

Federal

2,975 3,020 3,002 2,991 2,985 3,012 3,017 3,007 -10

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,367.7 2,414.2 2,399.1 2,391.1 2,378.1 2,412.6 2,412.2 2,405.5 -6.7

U.S. Postal Service

607.5 606.0 602.9 600.3 606.4 598.9 604.7 601.2 -3.5

State government

5,537 5,608 5,460 5,661 5,404 5,512 5,531 5,532 1

State government education

2,745.4 2,735.8 2,589.8 2,783.5 2,599.3 2,629.7 2,645.0 2,639.7 -5.3

State government, excluding education

2,791.8 2,872.5 2,870.4 2,877.8 2,804.9 2,882.1 2,886.1 2,891.8 5.7

Local government

14,975 15,215 15,035 15,199 14,835 15,036 15,056 15,076 20

Local government education

8,360.4 8,448.8 8,308.5 8,458.3 8,097.4 8,185.8 8,195.7 8,206.0 10.3

Local government, excluding education

6,615.0 6,766.1 6,726.2 6,741.1 6,737.6 6,850.0 6,860.5 6,870.3 9.8

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicle manufacturing, motor vehicle body and trailer manufacturing, and motor vehicle parts manufacturing.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.3 34.2 34.1 34.1

Goods-producing

39.7 39.7 39.7 39.7

Mining and logging

45.0 44.3 44.0 43.8

Construction

38.9 38.8 38.8 38.6

Manufacturing

40.0 40.1 40.1 40.1

Durable goods

40.5 40.6 40.5 40.6

Nondurable goods

39.2 39.4 39.4 39.5

Private service-providing

33.3 33.2 33.1 33.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

33.9 34.0 33.8 33.9

Wholesale trade

39.1 39.1 39.2 39.2

Retail trade

29.7 29.9 29.5 29.6

Transportation and warehousing

38.0 38.2 38.1 38.1

Utilities

42.1 42.2 42.2 42.1

Information

36.6 36.9 36.9 37.0

Financial activities

37.5 37.7 37.5 37.6

Professional and business services

36.4 36.3 36.2 36.2

Private education and health services

33.2 32.9 32.8 32.8

Leisure and hospitality

25.6 25.5 25.3 25.4

Other services

32.3 32.0 32.0 31.9

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

2.9 2.8 2.8 2.9

Durable goods

3.1 2.8 2.7 2.8

Nondurable goods

2.7 2.8 2.9 3.1

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)
Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)

Total private

$34.54 $35.68 $35.83 $35.93 $1,184.72 $1,220.26 $1,221.80 $1,225.21

Goods-producing

35.13 36.36 36.49 36.60 1,394.66 1,443.49 1,448.65 1,453.02

Mining and logging

39.48 39.95 40.21 40.25 1,776.60 1,769.79 1,769.24 1,762.95

Construction

37.53 38.94 39.05 39.12 1,459.92 1,510.87 1,515.14 1,510.03

Manufacturing

33.42 34.54 34.69 34.83 1,336.80 1,385.05 1,391.07 1,396.68

Durable goods

35.29 36.57 36.76 36.86 1,429.25 1,484.74 1,488.78 1,496.52

Nondurable goods

30.23 31.11 31.21 31.43 1,185.02 1,225.73 1,229.67 1,241.49

Private service-providing

34.40 35.52 35.67 35.78 1,145.52 1,179.26 1,180.68 1,184.32

Trade, transportation, and utilities

29.76 30.34 30.47 30.55 1,008.86 1,031.56 1,029.89 1,035.65

Wholesale trade

37.33 37.91 37.97 38.19 1,459.60 1,482.28 1,488.42 1,497.05

Retail trade

24.37 24.86 24.97 25.03 723.79 743.31 736.62 740.89

Transportation and warehousing

30.38 30.99 31.10 31.14 1,154.44 1,183.82 1,184.91 1,186.43

Utilities

50.71 52.20 52.28 52.22 2,134.89 2,202.84 2,206.22 2,198.46

Information

49.22 51.04 51.47 51.47 1,801.45 1,883.38 1,899.24 1,904.39

Financial activities

44.96 46.37 46.59 46.84 1,686.00 1,748.15 1,747.13 1,761.18

Professional and business services

41.48 43.33 43.45 43.60 1,509.87 1,572.88 1,572.89 1,578.32

Private education and health services

33.81 35.01 35.14 35.19 1,122.49 1,151.83 1,152.59 1,154.23

Leisure and hospitality

21.75 22.40 22.48 22.55 556.80 571.20 568.74 572.77

Other services

31.25 32.37 32.59 32.71 1,009.38 1,035.84 1,042.88 1,043.45

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)
Percent change from:
Jan.
2025 - Feb.
2025(p)
Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)
Percent change from:
Jan.
2025 - Feb.
2025(p)

Total private

115.4 116.2 116.0 116.1 0.1 190.6 198.3 198.6 199.4 0.4

Goods-producing

97.8 98.1 98.0 98.2 0.2 155.3 161.2 161.7 162.4 0.4

Mining and logging

89.5 86.9 85.7 86.0 0.4 141.9 139.3 138.4 139.0 0.4

Construction

109.1 110.9 110.9 110.6 -0.3 177.9 187.6 188.2 187.9 -0.2

Manufacturing

92.5 92.1 92.1 92.1 0.0 143.8 148.0 148.5 149.3 0.5

Durable goods

91.3 90.4 90.2 90.5 0.3 143.1 146.9 147.2 148.2 0.7

Nondurable goods

94.9 95.4 95.4 95.6 0.2 145.5 150.6 151.1 152.5 0.9

Private service-providing

120.5 121.5 121.3 121.4 0.1 201.5 209.8 210.2 211.1 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

106.9 107.9 107.4 107.8 0.4 171.5 176.5 176.5 177.6 0.6

Wholesale trade

105.6 106.6 106.8 106.9 0.1 164.9 169.0 169.6 170.8 0.7

Retail trade

93.9 94.6 93.5 93.7 0.2 151.3 155.4 154.3 155.2 0.6

Transportation and warehousing

144.4 147.6 147.6 148.0 0.3 223.2 232.7 233.5 234.4 0.4

Utilities

107.5 108.3 108.5 108.5 0.0 180.0 186.8 187.4 187.2 -0.1

Information

99.1 99.2 99.3 99.8 0.5 173.6 180.3 182.0 182.8 0.4

Financial activities

112.5 113.7 113.3 113.8 0.4 197.2 205.6 205.8 207.9 1.0

Professional and business services

129.0 128.4 127.8 127.8 0.0 216.7 225.3 224.9 225.7 0.4

Private education and health services

141.7 144.7 144.6 145.0 0.3 230.4 243.7 244.5 245.5 0.4

Leisure and hospitality

122.2 123.5 122.5 122.8 0.2 214.5 223.3 222.1 223.5 0.6

Other services

110.4 110.7 111.0 110.7 -0.3 189.1 196.5 198.2 198.5 0.2

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)
Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)

Total nonfarm

78,496 79,230 79,312 79,377 49.9 49.8 49.9 49.9

Total private

64,939 65,465 65,514 65,564 48.4 48.4 48.4 48.3

Goods-producing

4,977 4,950 4,953 4,956 23.0 22.8 22.9 22.8

Mining and logging

85 85 86 86 13.4 13.6 13.9 13.8

Construction

1,160 1,182 1,183 1,188 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3

Manufacturing

3,732 3,683 3,684 3,682 29.0 28.9 28.9 28.8

Durable goods

1,983 1,933 1,931 1,929 24.8 24.4 24.4 24.4

Nondurable goods

1,749 1,750 1,753 1,753 36.1 36.1 36.1 36.1

Private service-providing

59,962 60,515 60,561 60,608 53.3 53.2 53.2 53.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

11,232 11,253 11,266 11,263 38.9 38.8 38.7 38.7

Wholesale trade

1,860.4 1,885.2 1,887.0 1,883.7 30.4 30.5 30.6 30.5

Retail trade

7,460.5 7,444.8 7,450.0 7,443.6 48.0 47.9 47.9 47.8

Transportation and warehousing

1,754.5 1,768.7 1,774.5 1,780.5 26.5 26.3 26.3 26.3

Utilities

156.3 154.3 154.7 155.4 26.5 26.0 26.0 26.1

Information

1,194 1,169 1,171 1,171 40.3 39.7 39.7 39.7

Financial activities

5,099 5,089 5,091 5,100 55.7 55.3 55.2 55.2

Professional and business services

10,412 10,293 10,267 10,245 45.9 45.5 45.5 45.4

Private education and health services

20,066 20,637 20,688 20,753 76.8 76.6 76.6 76.7

Leisure and hospitality

8,775 8,844 8,841 8,837 52.4 52.1 52.1 52.1

Other services

3,184 3,230 3,237 3,239 53.7 53.8 53.8 53.8

Government

13,557 13,765 13,798 13,813 58.4 58.4 58.5 58.5

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)

Total private

109,111 110,284 110,376 110,537

Goods-producing

15,419 15,379 15,372 15,391

Mining and logging

495 468 470 469

Construction

5,942 6,011 6,002 6,022

Manufacturing

8,982 8,900 8,900 8,900

Durable goods

5,473 5,370 5,366 5,374

Nondurable goods

3,509 3,530 3,534 3,526

Private service-providing

93,692 94,905 95,004 95,146

Trade, transportation, and utilities

24,360 24,613 24,647 24,663

Wholesale trade

4,835.1 4,887.9 4,885.5 4,888.3

Retail trade

13,273.2 13,340.3 13,361.3 13,346.7

Transportation and warehousing

5,780.6 5,913.8 5,929.3 5,955.4

Utilities

470.8 470.5 471.0 472.4

Information

2,379 2,374 2,362 2,371

Financial activities

6,903 6,955 6,968 6,993

Professional and business services

17,845 17,768 17,758 17,777

Private education and health services

22,766 23,555 23,631 23,705

Leisure and hospitality

14,619 14,769 14,761 14,753

Other services

4,820 4,871 4,877 4,884

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.7 33.7 33.6 33.6

Goods-producing

40.4 40.5 40.5 40.4

Mining and logging

47.3 45.9 45.3 45.1

Construction

39.4 39.6 39.7 39.4

Manufacturing

40.6 40.9 40.7 40.9

Durable goods

40.9 41.1 40.9 41.1

Nondurable goods

40.1 40.5 40.5 40.6

Private service-providing

32.7 32.6 32.4 32.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

33.9 34.2 34.0 34.1

Wholesale trade

39.2 39.0 38.9 39.0

Retail trade

30.2 30.5 30.2 30.3

Transportation and warehousing

37.4 37.8 37.7 37.8

Utilities

42.2 42.6 42.8 42.2

Information

35.8 35.8 35.7 35.8

Financial activities

36.9 37.2 37.2 37.1

Professional and business services

36.3 36.3 36.2 36.2

Private education and health services

32.5 32.0 31.9 31.9

Leisure and hospitality

24.3 24.0 23.9 24.0

Other services

31.2 31.1 31.1 31.0

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.6 3.6 3.6 3.8

Durable goods

3.6 3.5 3.4 3.6

Nondurable goods

3.6 3.7 3.8 4.0

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)
Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)

Total private

$29.67 $30.67 $30.80 $30.89 $999.88 $1,033.58 $1,034.88 $1,037.90

Goods-producing

30.64 31.72 31.87 31.94 1,237.86 1,284.66 1,290.74 1,290.38

Mining and logging

36.57 36.87 36.80 37.11 1,729.76 1,692.33 1,667.04 1,673.66

Construction

35.16 36.43 36.49 36.55 1,385.30 1,442.63 1,448.65 1,440.07

Manufacturing

27.35 28.33 28.54 28.64 1,110.41 1,158.70 1,161.58 1,171.38

Durable goods

28.76 29.83 30.10 30.20 1,176.28 1,226.01 1,231.09 1,241.22

Nondurable goods

25.11 26.03 26.16 26.22 1,006.91 1,054.22 1,059.48 1,064.53

Private service-providing

29.48 30.46 30.59 30.68 964.00 993.00 991.12 997.10

Trade, transportation, and utilities

25.85 26.29 26.43 26.47 876.32 899.12 898.62 902.63

Wholesale trade

31.01 31.54 31.69 31.76 1,215.59 1,230.06 1,232.74 1,238.64

Retail trade

20.78 21.15 21.21 21.28 627.56 645.08 640.54 644.78

Transportation and warehousing

29.00 29.42 29.59 29.55 1,084.60 1,112.08 1,115.54 1,116.99

Utilities

44.71 45.97 46.10 46.28 1,886.76 1,958.32 1,973.08 1,953.02

Information

40.50 41.64 41.98 42.23 1,449.90 1,490.71 1,498.69 1,511.83

Financial activities

35.24 36.38 36.53 36.76 1,300.36 1,353.34 1,358.92 1,363.80

Professional and business services

34.90 36.48 36.52 36.64 1,266.87 1,324.22 1,322.02 1,326.37

Private education and health services

30.92 32.12 32.27 32.35 1,004.90 1,027.84 1,029.41 1,031.97

Leisure and hospitality

19.27 19.86 19.93 20.02 468.26 476.64 476.33 480.48

Other services

27.06 28.19 28.33 28.48 844.27 876.71 881.06 882.88

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)
Percent change from:
Jan.
2025 - Feb.
2025(p)
Feb.
2024
Dec.
2024
Jan.
2025(p)
Feb.
2025(p)
Percent change from:
Jan.
2025 - Feb.
2025(p)

Total private

122.5 123.8 123.6 123.8 0.2 243.0 253.9 254.4 255.5 0.4

Goods-producing

95.2 95.2 95.1 95.0 -0.1 178.6 184.9 185.7 185.8 0.1

Mining and logging

124.4 114.2 113.1 112.4 -0.6 264.6 244.8 242.2 242.6 0.2

Construction

117.2 119.2 119.3 118.8 -0.4 222.5 234.5 235.1 234.5 -0.3

Manufacturing

83.7 83.6 83.2 83.6 0.5 149.7 154.8 155.2 156.5 0.8

Durable goods

84.1 82.9 82.5 83.0 0.6 151.0 154.4 154.9 156.4 1.0

Nondurable goods

82.9 84.2 84.3 84.3 0.0 147.1 154.9 155.9 156.3 0.3

Private service-providing

130.5 131.8 131.1 131.8 0.5 264.0 275.4 275.2 277.3 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

115.6 117.8 117.3 117.7 0.3 213.6 221.4 221.6 222.7 0.5

Wholesale trade

112.5 113.1 112.8 113.1 0.3 205.9 210.6 211.0 212.1 0.5

Retail trade

101.6 103.2 102.3 102.5 0.2 181.1 187.1 186.1 187.1 0.5

Transportation and warehousing

163.6 169.2 169.2 170.4 0.7 302.0 316.8 318.6 320.4 0.6

Utilities

101.6 102.5 103.1 101.9 -1.2 189.6 196.6 198.3 196.9 -0.7

Information

97.2 97.0 96.2 96.9 0.7 194.9 200.0 200.0 202.6 1.3

Financial activities

119.9 121.8 122.0 122.1 0.1 259.9 272.5 274.2 276.1 0.7

Professional and business services

144.6 144.0 143.5 143.7 0.1 300.2 312.4 311.7 313.1 0.4

Private education and health services

157.8 160.7 160.7 161.2 0.3 322.0 340.7 342.3 344.3 0.6

Leisure and hospitality

130.1 129.8 129.2 129.7 0.4 284.8 292.8 292.5 294.9 0.8

Other services

105.5 106.2 106.4 106.2 -0.2 207.9 218.2 219.6 220.3 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Last Modified Date: March 07, 2025