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Economic News Release
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CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed                        USDL-13-0581
until 8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, April 5, 2013

Technical information:
 Household data:       (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:   (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                         THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- MARCH 2013


Nonfarm payroll employment edged up in March (+88,000), and the unemployment rate was
little changed at 7.6 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.
Employment grew in professional and business services and in health care but declined
in retail trade.

Household Survey Data

Both the number of unemployed persons, at 11.7 million, and the unemployment rate, at
7.6 percent, were little changed in March. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (6.9 percent),
adult women (7.0 percent), teenagers (24.2 percent), whites (6.7 percent), blacks
(13.3 percent), and Hispanics (9.2 percent) showed little or no change in March. The
jobless rate for Asians was 5.0 percent (not seasonally adjusted), little changed from
a year earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

In March, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was
little changed at 4.6 million. These individuals accounted for 39.6 percent of the
unemployed. (See table A-12.)

The civilian labor force declined by 496,000 over the month, and the labor force
participation rate decreased by 0.2 percentage point to 63.3 percent. The employment-
population ratio, at 58.5 percent, changed little. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to
as involuntary part-time workers) fell by 350,000 over the month to 7.6 million. These
individuals were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because
they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.)

In March, 2.3 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, essentially
unchanged from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals
were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job
sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not
searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 803,000 discouraged workers in March, little
changed from a year earlier. (These data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers
are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for
them. The remaining 1.5 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in March
had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities.
(See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment edged up in March (+88,000). Over the prior 12 months,
employment growth had averaged 169,000 per month. In March, employment increased in
professional and business services and in health care, while retail trade employment
declined. (See table B-1.)

Professional and business services added 51,000 jobs in March. Over the past 12 months,
employment in this industry has grown by 533,000. Within professional and business
services, accounting and bookkeeping services added 11,000 jobs over the month, and
employment continued to trend up in temporary help services and in several other
component industries.

Job growth in health care continued in March, with a gain of 23,000, similar to the prior
12-month average. Within health care, employment increased by 15,000 in ambulatory health
care services, such as home health care, and by 8,000 in hospitals.

Construction employment continued to trend up in March (+18,000). Job growth in this
industry picked up this past fall; since September, the industry has added 169,000
jobs. In March, employment continued to expand among specialty trade contractors 
(+23,000). Employment in specialty trade contractors has increased by 128,000 since
September, with the gain about equally split between the residential and nonresidential
components.

Within leisure and hospitality, employment in food services and drinking places continued
to trend up in March (+13,000). Over the past year, the industry added 262,000 jobs.

In March, retail trade employment declined by 24,000. The industry had added an average
of 32,000 jobs per month over the prior 6 months. In March, job declines occurred in
clothing and clothing accessories stores (-15,000), building material and garden supply
stores (-10,000), and electronics and appliance stores (-6,000).

Within government, U.S. Postal Service employment fell by 12,000 in March. Employment in
other major industries, including mining, manufacturing, wholesale trade, transportation
and warehousing, information, financial activities, state government, and local government,
showed little change over the month.

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1
hour to 34.6 hours. The manufacturing workweek decreased by 0.1 hour to 40.8 hours, and
factory overtime rose by 0.1 hour to 3.4 hours. The average workweek for production and
nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.8 hours. (See
tables B-2 and B-7.)

In March, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls, at $23.82,
changed little (+1 cent). Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 42 cents,
or 1.8 percent. Average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory
employees, at $20.03, changed little (-1 cent) in March. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for January was revised from +119,000 to
+148,000, and the change for February was revised from +236,000 to +268,000.

____________
The Employment Situation for April is scheduled to be released on Friday, May 3, 2013, at
8:30 a.m. (EDT).




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Change from:
Feb.
2013-
Mar.
2013

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

242,604 244,663 244,828 244,995 167

Civilian labor force

154,707 155,654 155,524 155,028 -496

Participation rate

63.8 63.6 63.5 63.3 -0.2

Employed

142,020 143,322 143,492 143,286 -206

Employment-population ratio

58.5 58.6 58.6 58.5 -0.1

Unemployed

12,686 12,332 12,032 11,742 -290

Unemployment rate

8.2 7.9 7.7 7.6 -0.1

Not in labor force

87,898 89,008 89,304 89,967 663

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

8.2 7.9 7.7 7.6 -0.1

Adult men (20 years and over)

7.7 7.3 7.1 6.9 -0.2

Adult women (20 years and over)

7.4 7.3 7.0 7.0 0.0

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

25.0 23.4 25.1 24.2 -0.9

White

7.3 7.0 6.8 6.7 -0.1

Black or African American

14.0 13.8 13.8 13.3 -0.5

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)

6.2 6.5 6.1 5.0 -

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

10.3 9.7 9.6 9.2 -0.4

Total, 25 years and over

6.8 6.5 6.3 6.2 -0.1

Less than a high school diploma

12.6 12.0 11.2 11.1 -0.1

High school graduates, no college

8.0 8.1 7.9 7.6 -0.3

Some college or associate degree

7.5 7.0 6.7 6.4 -0.3

Bachelor's degree and higher

4.2 3.7 3.8 3.8 0.0

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

7,021 6,637 6,522 6,329 -193

Job leavers

1,111 981 956 986 30

Reentrants

3,264 3,515 3,340 3,176 -164

New entrants

1,421 1,287 1,279 1,316 37

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,596 2,766 2,667 2,464 -203

5 to 14 weeks

2,784 3,028 2,782 2,838 56

15 to 26 weeks

1,877 1,858 1,695 1,737 42

27 weeks and over

5,302 4,708 4,797 4,611 -186

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

7,664 7,973 7,988 7,638 -350

Slack work or business conditions

5,060 5,126 5,136 4,906 -230

Could only find part-time work

2,360 2,630 2,578 2,576 -2

Part time for noneconomic reasons

18,530 18,464 18,908 18,745 -163

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force

2,352 2,443 2,588 2,326 -

Discouraged workers

865 804 885 803 -

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

205 148 268 88

Total private

208 164 254 95

Goods-producing

37 41 73 16

Mining and logging

1 3 5 1

Construction

-4 24 49 18

Manufacturing

40 14 19 -3

Durable goods(1)

26 5 9 4

Motor vehicles and parts

10.7 1.7 1.3 0.8

Nondurable goods

14 9 10 -7

Private service-providing(1)

171 123 181 79

Wholesale trade

5.9 13.7 4.7 -1.0

Retail trade

-5.6 22.4 14.6 -24.1

Transportation and warehousing

3.1 -22.2 -1.7 -2.8

Information

-2 4 19 5

Financial activities

23 7 8 -2

Professional and business services(1)

43 46 80 51

Temporary help services

-7.1 11.6 23.4 20.3

Education and health services(1)

46 15 31 44

Health care and social assistance

28.7 16.5 36.9 27.9

Leisure and hospitality

52 31 26 17

Other services

5 6 -2 -9

Government

-3 -16 14 -7

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES(2)
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES

Total nonfarm women employees

49.3 49.4 49.3 49.3

Total private women employees

47.8 47.9 47.8 47.8

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.6 82.6 82.6 82.6

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.5 34.4 34.5 34.6

Average hourly earnings

$23.40 $23.78 $23.81 $23.82

Average weekly earnings

$807.30 $818.03 $821.45 $824.17

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

96.2 97.4 97.9 98.2

Over-the-month percent change

-0.1 -0.1 0.5 0.3

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

107.4 110.4 111.1 111.6

Over-the-month percent change

0.2 0.0 0.6 0.5

HOURS AND EARNINGS
PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

33.7 33.6 33.8 33.8

Average hourly earnings

$19.68 $19.98 $20.04 $20.03

Average weekly earnings

$663.22 $671.33 $677.35 $677.01

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3)

103.5 104.7 105.5 105.6

Over-the-month percent change

-0.1 -0.2 0.8 0.1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)(4)

136.0 139.7 141.2 141.3

Over-the-month percent change

0.1 0.1 1.1 0.1

DIFFUSION INDEX(5)
(Over 1-month span)

Total private (266 industries)

68.8 63.0 59.6 54.3

Manufacturing (81 industries)

74.1 55.6 54.3 46.3

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of   employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a   smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change   than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.

   In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment,
   employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Slightly more
   than 20 percent of all employees in the payroll survey sample have a weekly pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to quantify the effect
   of extreme weather on estimates of over-the-month change in employment.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours. Current and historical
   data are available on the  household survey's most requested statistics page at
   http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 145,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 557,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s principal
activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 90,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-60,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Mar.
2012
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Nov.
2012
Dec.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

242,604 244,828 244,995 242,604 244,174 244,350 244,663 244,828 244,995

Civilian labor force

154,316 154,727 154,512 154,707 155,319 155,511 155,654 155,524 155,028

Participation rate

63.6 63.2 63.1 63.8 63.6 63.6 63.6 63.5 63.3

Employed

141,412 142,228 142,698 142,020 143,277 143,305 143,322 143,492 143,286

Employment-population ratio

58.3 58.1 58.2 58.5 58.7 58.6 58.6 58.6 58.5

Unemployed

12,904 12,500 11,815 12,686 12,042 12,206 12,332 12,032 11,742

Unemployment rate

8.4 8.1 7.6 8.2 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.7 7.6

Not in labor force

88,288 90,100 90,483 87,898 88,855 88,839 89,008 89,304 89,967

Persons who currently want a job

6,041 6,842 6,399 6,315 6,827 6,750 6,631 6,821 6,722

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

116,986 118,117 118,204 116,986 117,810 117,902 118,033 118,117 118,204

Civilian labor force

81,830 82,180 82,133 82,188 82,514 82,545 82,940 82,823 82,584

Participation rate

69.9 69.6 69.5 70.3 70.0 70.0 70.3 70.1 69.9

Employed

74,507 75,160 75,521 75,344 75,983 76,060 76,290 76,375 76,329

Employment-population ratio

63.7 63.6 63.9 64.4 64.5 64.5 64.6 64.7 64.6

Unemployed

7,323 7,020 6,611 6,844 6,530 6,486 6,650 6,447 6,255

Unemployment rate

8.9 8.5 8.0 8.3 7.9 7.9 8.0 7.8 7.6

Not in labor force

35,156 35,937 36,071 34,798 35,297 35,357 35,093 35,295 35,619

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

108,289 109,541 109,635 108,289 109,206 109,308 109,448 109,541 109,635

Civilian labor force

79,175 79,511 79,529 79,313 79,568 79,695 80,016 79,910 79,747

Participation rate

73.1 72.6 72.5 73.2 72.9 72.9 73.1 72.9 72.7

Employed

72,567 73,248 73,588 73,238 73,821 73,949 74,139 74,249 74,228

Employment-population ratio

67.0 66.9 67.1 67.6 67.6 67.7 67.7 67.8 67.7

Unemployed

6,608 6,262 5,941 6,075 5,747 5,746 5,877 5,661 5,519

Unemployment rate

8.3 7.9 7.5 7.7 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.1 6.9

Not in labor force

29,114 30,030 30,107 28,976 29,638 29,613 29,432 29,631 29,888

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

125,619 126,710 126,791 125,619 126,364 126,447 126,630 126,710 126,791

Civilian labor force

72,486 72,547 72,379 72,519 72,806 72,965 72,715 72,701 72,443

Participation rate

57.7 57.3 57.1 57.7 57.6 57.7 57.4 57.4 57.1

Employed

66,906 67,068 67,176 66,676 67,294 67,245 67,032 67,116 66,956

Employment-population ratio

53.3 52.9 53.0 53.1 53.3 53.2 52.9 53.0 52.8

Unemployed

5,580 5,479 5,203 5,842 5,512 5,721 5,682 5,585 5,487

Unemployment rate

7.7 7.6 7.2 8.1 7.6 7.8 7.8 7.7 7.6

Not in labor force

53,133 54,163 54,412 53,100 53,558 53,482 53,916 54,009 54,348

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

117,260 118,433 118,520 117,260 118,079 118,170 118,348 118,433 118,520

Civilian labor force

69,755 69,865 69,675 69,580 69,907 70,059 69,749 69,772 69,544

Participation rate

59.5 59.0 58.8 59.3 59.2 59.3 58.9 58.9 58.7

Employed

64,756 64,973 65,038 64,422 64,988 64,954 64,675 64,867 64,707

Employment-population ratio

55.2 54.9 54.9 54.9 55.0 55.0 54.6 54.8 54.6

Unemployed

4,998 4,891 4,637 5,158 4,918 5,105 5,074 4,905 4,837

Unemployment rate

7.2 7.0 6.7 7.4 7.0 7.3 7.3 7.0 7.0

Not in labor force

47,505 48,568 48,845 47,680 48,172 48,111 48,599 48,661 48,976

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

17,056 16,854 16,840 17,056 16,890 16,871 16,867 16,854 16,840

Civilian labor force

5,386 5,352 5,309 5,814 5,845 5,756 5,889 5,842 5,737

Participation rate

31.6 31.8 31.5 34.1 34.6 34.1 34.9 34.7 34.1

Employed

4,089 4,006 4,072 4,360 4,468 4,402 4,508 4,376 4,351

Employment-population ratio

24.0 23.8 24.2 25.6 26.5 26.1 26.7 26.0 25.8

Unemployed

1,297 1,346 1,237 1,453 1,376 1,355 1,381 1,466 1,386

Unemployment rate

24.1 25.1 23.3 25.0 23.6 23.5 23.4 25.1 24.2

Not in labor force

11,669 11,502 11,531 11,242 11,045 11,115 10,978 11,012 11,103

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Mar.
2012
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Nov.
2012
Dec.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

192,788 193,859 193,946 192,788 193,748 193,849 193,776 193,859 193,946

Civilian labor force

123,209 122,922 122,809 123,702 123,540 123,774 123,971 123,626 123,382

Participation rate

63.9 63.4 63.3 64.2 63.8 63.9 64.0 63.8 63.6

Employed

113,909 114,036 114,354 114,645 115,124 115,289 115,266 115,250 115,080

Employment-population ratio

59.1 58.8 59.0 59.5 59.4 59.5 59.5 59.5 59.3

Unemployed

9,301 8,887 8,454 9,058 8,416 8,485 8,705 8,376 8,302

Unemployment rate

7.5 7.2 6.9 7.3 6.8 6.9 7.0 6.8 6.7

Not in labor force

69,579 70,937 71,138 69,086 70,207 70,076 69,805 70,233 70,565

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

64,340 64,336 64,253 64,556 64,509 64,646 64,924 64,720 64,549

Participation rate

73.5 72.9 72.8 73.8 73.2 73.3 73.7 73.4 73.1

Employed

59,532 59,741 59,974 60,151 60,397 60,609 60,652 60,659 60,594

Employment-population ratio

68.0 67.7 68.0 68.7 68.5 68.7 68.8 68.8 68.7

Unemployed

4,808 4,595 4,280 4,405 4,112 4,037 4,272 4,061 3,955

Unemployment rate

7.5 7.1 6.7 6.8 6.4 6.2 6.6 6.3 6.1

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

54,476 54,291 54,291 54,447 54,366 54,452 54,318 54,224 54,255

Participation rate

58.9 58.3 58.3 58.8 58.4 58.5 58.4 58.2 58.2

Employed

50,959 50,980 51,077 50,850 51,008 51,015 50,869 50,946 50,940

Employment-population ratio

55.1 54.7 54.8 54.9 54.8 54.8 54.7 54.7 54.7

Unemployed

3,517 3,311 3,214 3,597 3,358 3,437 3,450 3,278 3,315

Unemployment rate

6.5 6.1 5.9 6.6 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.0 6.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

4,393 4,295 4,264 4,700 4,665 4,676 4,729 4,682 4,578

Participation rate

34.6 34.2 34.0 37.0 37.0 37.2 37.7 37.3 36.5

Employed

3,418 3,315 3,304 3,644 3,718 3,665 3,746 3,645 3,546

Employment-population ratio

26.9 26.4 26.4 28.7 29.5 29.1 29.8 29.1 28.3

Unemployed

976 981 960 1,056 946 1,011 983 1,037 1,032

Unemployment rate

22.2 22.8 22.5 22.5 20.3 21.6 20.8 22.1 22.5

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

29,792 30,223 30,255 29,792 30,061 30,093 30,190 30,223 30,255

Civilian labor force

18,339 18,531 18,461 18,411 18,374 18,403 18,641 18,639 18,524

Participation rate

61.6 61.3 61.0 61.8 61.1 61.2 61.7 61.7 61.2

Employed

15,829 15,969 16,090 15,838 15,952 15,827 16,073 16,059 16,068

Employment-population ratio

53.1 52.8 53.2 53.2 53.1 52.6 53.2 53.1 53.1

Unemployed

2,510 2,562 2,371 2,573 2,422 2,577 2,568 2,580 2,456

Unemployment rate

13.7 13.8 12.8 14.0 13.2 14.0 13.8 13.8 13.3

Not in labor force

11,453 11,691 11,794 11,381 11,687 11,690 11,549 11,583 11,731

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

8,262 8,386 8,447 8,278 8,225 8,298 8,382 8,437 8,447

Participation rate

68.2 67.7 68.1 68.3 66.9 67.4 67.8 68.2 68.1

Employed

7,044 7,258 7,322 7,126 7,165 7,134 7,262 7,352 7,370

Employment-population ratio

58.1 58.6 59.1 58.8 58.3 58.0 58.8 59.4 59.4

Unemployed

1,218 1,128 1,125 1,152 1,060 1,164 1,120 1,085 1,077

Unemployment rate

14.7 13.4 13.3 13.9 12.9 14.0 13.4 12.9 12.7

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,445 9,490 9,344 9,455 9,444 9,454 9,545 9,491 9,365

Participation rate

62.9 62.2 61.2 63.0 62.3 62.2 62.7 62.2 61.3

Employed

8,393 8,339 8,305 8,307 8,360 8,305 8,367 8,302 8,226

Employment-population ratio

55.9 54.7 54.4 55.4 55.1 54.7 54.9 54.4 53.9

Unemployed

1,052 1,151 1,039 1,148 1,085 1,149 1,178 1,189 1,139

Unemployment rate

11.1 12.1 11.1 12.1 11.5 12.2 12.3 12.5 12.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

632 656 670 678 704 651 714 711 713

Participation rate

23.7 25.3 25.9 25.4 27.0 25.1 27.5 27.4 27.6

Employed

392 373 463 405 427 387 444 404 472

Employment-population ratio

14.7 14.4 17.9 15.2 16.4 14.9 17.1 15.6 18.2

Unemployed

239 284 207 272 277 264 270 307 241

Unemployment rate

37.9 43.2 30.9 40.2 39.3 40.5 37.8 43.1 33.8

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

12,766 13,185 13,223 - - - - - -

Civilian labor force

8,113 8,566 8,524 - - - - - -

Participation rate

63.6 65.0 64.5 - - - - - -

Employed

7,607 8,040 8,101 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

59.6 61.0 61.3 - - - - - -

Unemployed

506 526 423 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

6.2 6.1 5.0 - - - - - -

Not in labor force

4,652 4,619 4,699 - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Mar.
2012
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Nov.
2012
Dec.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

36,463 37,169 37,242 36,463 37,147 37,231 37,094 37,169 37,242

Civilian labor force

24,109 24,519 24,282 24,126 24,544 24,539 24,572 24,563 24,354

Participation rate

66.1 66.0 65.2 66.2 66.1 65.9 66.2 66.1 65.4

Employed

21,510 21,999 21,986 21,639 22,109 22,195 22,199 22,215 22,122

Employment-population ratio

59.0 59.2 59.0 59.3 59.5 59.6 59.8 59.8 59.4

Unemployed

2,598 2,519 2,295 2,487 2,435 2,344 2,373 2,348 2,232

Unemployment rate

10.8 10.3 9.5 10.3 9.9 9.6 9.7 9.6 9.2

Not in labor force

12,354 12,650 12,960 12,337 12,602 12,692 12,522 12,606 12,888

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

13,246 13,534 13,518 - - - - - -

Participation rate

80.8 80.8 80.5 - - - - - -

Employed

11,952 12,304 12,407 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

72.9 73.4 73.9 - - - - - -

Unemployed

1,294 1,230 1,111 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

9.8 9.1 8.2 - - - - - -

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,813 9,975 9,805 - - - - - -

Participation rate

59.8 59.5 58.3 - - - - - -

Employed

8,829 8,980 8,890 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

53.8 53.5 52.9 - - - - - -

Unemployed

984 995 915 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

10.0 10.0 9.3 - - - - - -

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,050 1,010 959 - - - - - -

Participation rate

28.8 27.7 26.3 - - - - - -

Employed

730 716 690 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

20.0 19.6 18.9 - - - - - -

Unemployed

320 294 269 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

30.5 29.1 28.1 - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2012
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Nov.
2012
Dec.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

11,349 10,842 11,137 11,490 11,097 11,120 11,125 11,256 11,264

Participation rate

45.7 45.4 45.5 46.3 45.3 45.1 45.5 47.2 46.0

Employed

9,788 9,463 9,803 10,038 9,753 9,821 9,784 9,999 10,012

Employment-population ratio

39.4 39.7 40.0 40.4 39.8 39.8 40.0 41.9 40.9

Unemployed

1,561 1,378 1,334 1,452 1,344 1,298 1,341 1,257 1,252

Unemployment rate

13.8 12.7 12.0 12.6 12.1 11.7 12.0 11.2 11.1

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

36,614 36,212 36,090 36,570 36,652 36,663 36,557 36,143 36,121

Participation rate

59.2 58.3 58.5 59.1 59.4 59.1 58.7 58.1 58.6

Employed

33,402 33,026 33,088 33,645 33,677 33,713 33,585 33,289 33,359

Employment-population ratio

54.0 53.1 53.7 54.4 54.6 54.3 54.0 53.6 54.1

Unemployed

3,212 3,186 3,003 2,925 2,975 2,950 2,972 2,854 2,762

Unemployment rate

8.8 8.8 8.3 8.0 8.1 8.0 8.1 7.9 7.6

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

37,369 37,478 37,193 37,366 37,274 37,397 37,201 37,291 37,232

Participation rate

69.3 68.4 68.1 69.3 68.4 68.7 68.3 68.0 68.1

Employed

34,507 34,914 34,813 34,572 34,832 34,831 34,587 34,776 34,845

Employment-population ratio

64.0 63.7 63.7 64.1 63.9 64.0 63.5 63.5 63.8

Unemployed

2,863 2,564 2,380 2,794 2,442 2,566 2,614 2,515 2,387

Unemployment rate

7.7 6.8 6.4 7.5 6.6 6.9 7.0 6.7 6.4

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

48,389 49,489 49,560 48,154 48,858 48,859 48,991 49,436 49,236

Participation rate

76.6 76.0 75.8 76.2 75.5 75.9 75.8 75.9 75.3

Employed

46,415 47,567 47,723 46,155 46,968 46,954 47,172 47,555 47,371

Employment-population ratio

73.4 73.0 73.0 73.0 72.6 72.9 72.9 73.0 72.5

Unemployed

1,974 1,922 1,837 1,999 1,891 1,905 1,819 1,881 1,865

Unemployment rate

4.1 3.9 3.7 4.2 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

21,286 21,492 19,475 19,274 1,811 2,218

Civilian labor force

11,161 11,011 10,004 9,628 1,158 1,383

Participation rate

52.4 51.2 51.4 50.0 63.9 62.4

Employed

10,328 10,228 9,256 8,956 1,072 1,272

Employment-population ratio

48.5 47.6 47.5 46.5 59.2 57.4

Unemployed

834 783 748 672 86 111

Unemployment rate

7.5 7.1 7.5 7.0 7.4 8.0

Not in labor force

10,125 10,481 9,471 9,646 653 835

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

2,713 2,846 2,219 2,271 495 575

Civilian labor force

2,184 2,252 1,841 1,882 343 370

Participation rate

80.5 79.1 83.0 82.9 69.4 64.4

Employed

1,960 2,044 1,654 1,718 306 326

Employment-population ratio

72.2 71.8 74.5 75.7 61.9 56.8

Unemployed

224 207 187 164 37 44

Unemployment rate

10.3 9.2 10.2 8.7 10.8 11.8

Not in labor force

530 594 378 389 152 205

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,020 3,347 2,550 2,684 471 663

Civilian labor force

2,557 2,809 2,190 2,311 367 498

Participation rate

84.7 83.9 85.9 86.1 78.0 75.1

Employed

2,413 2,627 2,071 2,161 342 466

Employment-population ratio

79.9 78.5 81.2 80.5 72.6 70.3

Unemployed

144 181 119 150 25 31

Unemployment rate

5.6 6.5 5.4 6.5 6.9 6.3

Not in labor force

463 539 360 373 104 165

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

9,974 9,936 9,649 9,560 325 376

Civilian labor force

3,281 3,082 3,159 2,959 122 123

Participation rate

32.9 31.0 32.7 31.0 37.5 32.7

Employed

3,039 2,856 2,921 2,744 119 111

Employment-population ratio

30.5 28.7 30.3 28.7 36.7 29.6

Unemployed

241 226 238 215 3 11

Unemployment rate

7.3 7.3 7.5 7.3 2.2 9.3

Not in labor force

6,693 6,854 6,490 6,601 203 253

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

5,579 5,363 5,057 4,759 521 604

Civilian labor force

3,140 2,868 2,814 2,476 326 392

Participation rate

56.3 53.5 55.6 52.0 62.5 65.0

Employed

2,916 2,700 2,611 2,332 305 368

Employment-population ratio

52.3 50.4 51.6 49.0 58.6 60.9

Unemployed

224 168 203 143 21 25

Unemployment rate

7.1 5.9 7.2 5.8 6.4 6.3

Not in labor force

2,439 2,494 2,243 2,283 195 212

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

212,427 214,393 92,943 94,268 119,484 120,125

Civilian labor force

141,430 141,710 70,984 71,679 70,446 70,030

Participation rate

66.6 66.1 76.4 76.0 59.0 58.3

Employed

129,852 131,172 64,661 65,992 65,190 65,180

Employment-population ratio

61.1 61.2 69.6 70.0 54.6 54.3

Unemployed

11,578 10,538 6,322 5,687 5,256 4,850

Unemployment rate

8.2 7.4 8.9 7.9 7.5 6.9

Not in labor force

70,998 72,683 21,959 22,589 49,039 50,094

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2013, estimates for veterans incorporate population controls derived from the updated Department of Veterans Affairs' population model.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

28,158 28,936 214,446 216,059

Civilian labor force

5,671 5,979 148,645 148,533

Participation rate

20.1 20.7 69.3 68.7

Employed

4,810 5,203 136,603 137,495

Employment-population ratio

17.1 18.0 63.7 63.6

Unemployed

861 776 12,042 11,038

Unemployment rate

15.2 13.0 8.1 7.4

Not in labor force

22,487 22,957 65,801 67,526

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,513 2,677 74,997 74,948

Participation rate

33.8 34.9 82.1 81.9

Employed

2,073 2,290 68,374 69,024

Employment-population ratio

27.9 29.8 74.8 75.4

Unemployed

440 386 6,622 5,924

Unemployment rate

17.5 14.4 8.8 7.9

Not in labor force

4,922 5,002 16,362 16,585

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,281 2,289 66,850 66,534

Participation rate

28.6 28.9 70.8 70.1

Employed

1,913 1,974 61,828 61,833

Employment-population ratio

24.0 24.9 65.5 65.2

Unemployed

368 315 5,021 4,701

Unemployment rate

16.1 13.7 7.5 7.1

Not in labor force

5,686 5,631 27,615 28,343

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

877 1,013 6,799 7,051

Participation rate

6.9 7.6 23.8 23.8

Employed

824 938 6,400 6,638

Employment-population ratio

6.5 7.0 22.4 22.4

Unemployed

54 75 399 413

Unemployment rate

6.1 7.4 5.9 5.9

Not in labor force

11,879 12,324 21,824 22,598

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

37,664 38,106 18,449 18,618 19,215 19,487

Civilian labor force

24,958 25,061 14,486 14,590 10,471 10,472

Participation rate

66.3 65.8 78.5 78.4 54.5 53.7

Employed

22,785 23,197 13,248 13,581 9,537 9,616

Employment-population ratio

60.5 60.9 71.8 72.9 49.6 49.3

Unemployed

2,173 1,865 1,239 1,008 934 856

Unemployment rate

8.7 7.4 8.6 6.9 8.9 8.2

Not in labor force

12,706 13,044 3,963 4,029 8,744 9,015

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

204,941 206,889 98,537 99,585 106,404 107,304

Civilian labor force

129,358 129,451 67,344 67,543 62,015 61,908

Participation rate

63.1 62.6 68.3 67.8 58.3 57.7

Employed

118,628 119,501 61,259 61,940 57,369 57,561

Employment-population ratio

57.9 57.8 62.2 62.2 53.9 53.6

Unemployed

10,731 9,950 6,084 5,603 4,646 4,347

Unemployment rate

8.3 7.7 9.0 8.3 7.5 7.0

Not in labor force

75,582 77,438 31,193 32,042 44,389 45,396

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2012
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Nov.
2012
Dec.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,123 1,914 1,904 2,217 2,121 2,088 2,057 2,065 2,001

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,296 1,132 1,162 1,396 1,320 1,295 1,245 1,258 1,250

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

799 754 700 808 776 747 775 792 710

Unpaid family workers

28 27 42 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

139,290 140,314 140,793 139,871 141,149 141,190 141,255 141,415 141,317

Wage and salary workers(1)

130,778 131,742 132,417 131,221 132,038 132,113 132,445 132,694 132,761

Government

20,536 20,802 20,965 20,226 20,598 20,686 20,696 20,571 20,633

Private industries

110,241 110,941 111,452 111,031 111,429 111,406 111,746 112,141 112,147

Private households

656 676 659 - - - - - -

Other industries

109,585 110,265 110,792 110,353 110,659 110,632 110,873 111,411 111,462

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,433 8,496 8,264 8,547 8,959 8,935 8,746 8,686 8,407

Unpaid family workers

79 76 113 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

7,867 8,298 7,734 7,664 8,138 7,918 7,973 7,988 7,638

Slack work or business conditions

5,146 5,457 4,857 5,060 5,084 4,928 5,126 5,136 4,906

Could only find part-time work

2,427 2,474 2,578 2,360 2,648 2,616 2,630 2,578 2,576

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

19,022 19,500 19,262 18,530 18,594 18,763 18,464 18,908 18,745

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

7,753 8,163 7,598 7,587 8,029 7,812 7,867 7,865 7,544

Slack work or business conditions

5,062 5,354 4,771 5,003 5,025 4,887 5,047 5,045 4,832

Could only find part-time work

2,418 2,468 2,563 2,307 2,650 2,583 2,610 2,542 2,510

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

18,615 19,201 18,949 18,106 18,310 18,469 18,182 18,549 18,435

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2012
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Nov.
2012
Dec.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

141,412 142,228 142,698 142,020 143,277 143,305 143,322 143,492 143,286

16 to 19 years

4,089 4,006 4,072 4,360 4,468 4,402 4,508 4,376 4,351

16 to 17 years

1,233 1,327 1,298 1,413 1,351 1,405 1,453 1,520 1,482

18 to 19 years

2,856 2,679 2,774 2,932 3,126 2,985 3,048 2,866 2,868

20 years and over

137,324 138,222 138,626 137,660 138,809 138,903 138,814 139,116 138,935

20 to 24 years

13,212 13,251 13,199 13,368 13,595 13,570 13,471 13,527 13,382

25 years and over

124,112 124,970 125,426 124,376 125,200 125,406 125,311 125,604 125,615

25 to 54 years

93,816 93,736 94,044 94,243 94,079 94,253 94,147 94,387 94,409

25 to 34 years

30,359 30,885 30,983 30,572 30,971 31,115 31,137 31,152 31,180

35 to 44 years

30,574 30,327 30,577 30,650 30,490 30,524 30,480 30,521 30,620

45 to 54 years

32,884 32,524 32,484 33,021 32,618 32,614 32,531 32,714 32,610

55 years and over

30,295 31,234 31,383 30,133 31,121 31,153 31,164 31,217 31,206

Men, 16 years and over

74,507 75,160 75,521 75,344 75,983 76,060 76,290 76,375 76,329

16 to 19 years

1,940 1,912 1,933 2,106 2,163 2,111 2,151 2,126 2,101

16 to 17 years

590 616 574 658 656 690 673 713 645

18 to 19 years

1,350 1,296 1,359 1,433 1,492 1,422 1,472 1,408 1,444

20 years and over

72,567 73,248 73,588 73,238 73,821 73,949 74,139 74,249 74,228

20 to 24 years

6,776 6,844 6,851 6,919 7,125 7,104 7,070 7,073 7,006

25 years and over

65,791 66,404 66,737 66,299 66,720 66,902 67,002 67,149 67,205

25 to 54 years

49,836 49,945 50,176 50,370 50,194 50,370 50,474 50,603 50,669

25 to 34 years

16,265 16,676 16,719 16,544 16,734 16,799 16,889 16,940 16,980

35 to 44 years

16,326 16,419 16,532 16,469 16,380 16,443 16,519 16,597 16,655

45 to 54 years

17,246 16,851 16,925 17,357 17,080 17,127 17,066 17,066 17,034

55 years and over

15,954 16,459 16,560 15,929 16,526 16,532 16,528 16,546 16,536

Women, 16 years and over

66,906 67,068 67,176 66,676 67,294 67,245 67,032 67,116 66,956

16 to 19 years

2,149 2,094 2,139 2,254 2,305 2,291 2,357 2,250 2,250

16 to 17 years

644 711 724 755 695 715 780 807 837

18 to 19 years

1,506 1,383 1,415 1,500 1,634 1,563 1,576 1,458 1,424

20 years and over

64,756 64,973 65,038 64,422 64,988 64,954 64,675 64,867 64,707

20 to 24 years

6,436 6,408 6,348 6,449 6,470 6,467 6,402 6,455 6,376

25 years and over

58,321 58,566 58,690 58,077 58,480 58,504 58,309 58,455 58,411

25 to 54 years

43,980 43,791 43,867 43,873 43,885 43,883 43,674 43,784 43,740

25 to 34 years

14,093 14,208 14,264 14,028 14,237 14,315 14,248 14,212 14,200

35 to 44 years

14,248 13,909 14,045 14,181 14,109 14,080 13,961 13,925 13,965

45 to 54 years

15,638 15,674 15,559 15,664 15,538 15,487 15,465 15,648 15,575

55 years and over

14,341 14,775 14,822 14,204 14,595 14,621 14,636 14,671 14,670

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

43,320 43,521 43,656 43,660 44,016 43,924 44,117 43,934 44,007

Married women, spouse present

34,477 34,656 34,409 34,360 34,576 34,611 34,271 34,400 34,319

Women who maintain families

9,429 9,082 9,309 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(1)

113,916 114,191 114,796 115,145 115,665 115,868 115,918 115,841 115,903

Part-time workers(2)

27,497 28,037 27,902 26,956 27,517 27,502 27,467 27,569 27,442

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

7,052 7,435 7,192 6,976 7,109 7,017 6,919 7,259 7,102

Percent of total employed

5.0 5.2 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.8 5.1 5.0

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

5,130 5,246 5,419 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,232 9,250 8,964 9,356 9,735 9,682 9,521 9,478 9,117

Footnotes
(1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Mar.
2012
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Nov.
2012
Dec.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

12,686 12,032 11,742 8.2 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.7 7.6

16 to 19 years

1,453 1,466 1,386 25.0 23.6 23.5 23.4 25.1 24.2

16 to 17 years

564 581 550 28.5 28.4 25.8 28.4 27.6 27.1

18 to 19 years

882 857 813 23.1 20.4 22.6 20.8 23.0 22.1

20 years and over

11,233 10,566 10,356 7.5 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.1 6.9

20 to 24 years

2,028 2,033 2,049 13.2 12.6 13.7 14.2 13.1 13.3

25 years and over

9,116 8,513 8,237 6.8 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.3 6.2

25 to 54 years

7,146 6,565 6,414 7.0 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.5 6.4

25 to 34 years

2,849 2,627 2,490 8.5 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.4

35 to 44 years

2,093 2,029 1,969 6.4 6.2 6.6 6.5 6.2 6.0

45 to 54 years

2,204 1,908 1,955 6.3 6.0 5.8 6.0 5.5 5.7

55 years and over

1,986 1,939 1,832 6.2 5.8 5.9 6.0 5.8 5.5

Men, 16 years and over

6,844 6,447 6,255 8.3 7.9 7.9 8.0 7.8 7.6

16 to 19 years

769 787 736 26.8 26.6 25.9 26.4 27.0 25.9

16 to 17 years

284 322 286 30.2 31.4 25.1 31.3 31.1 30.7

18 to 19 years

481 452 442 25.2 23.8 26.3 23.7 24.3 23.4

20 years and over

6,075 5,661 5,519 7.7 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.1 6.9

20 to 24 years

1,137 1,096 1,182 14.1 12.6 13.5 15.3 13.4 14.4

25 years and over

4,866 4,526 4,301 6.8 6.6 6.5 6.5 6.3 6.0

25 to 54 years

3,797 3,474 3,301 7.0 6.7 6.5 6.6 6.4 6.1

25 to 34 years

1,530 1,411 1,303 8.5 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.1

35 to 44 years

1,143 1,037 991 6.5 6.1 6.2 6.2 5.9 5.6

45 to 54 years

1,124 1,026 1,008 6.1 6.1 5.7 5.9 5.7 5.6

55 years and over

1,069 1,052 1,000 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.0 5.7

Women, 16 years and over

5,842 5,585 5,487 8.1 7.6 7.8 7.8 7.7 7.6

16 to 19 years

684 680 650 23.3 20.5 21.2 20.5 23.2 22.4

16 to 17 years

280 259 264 27.1 25.3 26.6 25.7 24.3 24.0

18 to 19 years

400 404 371 21.1 17.0 18.9 17.9 21.7 20.7

20 years and over

5,158 4,905 4,837 7.4 7.0 7.3 7.3 7.0 7.0

20 to 24 years

891 937 867 12.1 12.6 13.9 13.1 12.7 12.0

25 years and over

4,250 3,987 3,936 6.8 6.3 6.6 6.6 6.4 6.3

25 to 54 years

3,349 3,091 3,114 7.1 6.7 6.9 6.8 6.6 6.6

25 to 34 years

1,318 1,217 1,187 8.6 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.9 7.7

35 to 44 years

950 992 979 6.3 6.4 7.1 6.9 6.7 6.5

45 to 54 years

1,080 882 948 6.5 5.9 6.0 6.0 5.3 5.7

55 years and over(1)

895 874 808 5.9 5.0 5.1 5.9 5.6 5.2

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

2,348 2,071 1,973 5.1 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.3

Married women, spouse present

1,907 1,779 1,707 5.3 5.1 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.7

Women who maintain families(1)

1,139 1,126 1,120 10.8 10.7 11.3 11.3 11.0 10.7

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(2)

10,873 10,227 9,963 8.6 8.1 8.3 8.3 8.1 7.9

Part-time workers(3)

1,767 1,832 1,719 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 5.9

Footnotes
(1) Not seasonally adjusted.
(2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2012
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Nov.
2012
Dec.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

7,415 7,130 6,638 7,021 6,429 6,408 6,637 6,522 6,329

On temporary layoff

1,354 1,425 1,312 1,132 1,080 1,085 1,155 1,078 1,107

Not on temporary layoff

6,060 5,705 5,325 5,889 5,349 5,323 5,483 5,443 5,223

Permanent job losers

4,742 4,276 4,029 4,618 4,151 4,075 4,208 4,128 3,959

Persons who completed temporary jobs

1,318 1,429 1,296 1,271 1,198 1,248 1,275 1,315 1,264

Job leavers

1,064 950 947 1,111 926 983 981 956 986

Reentrants

3,189 3,308 3,061 3,264 3,325 3,587 3,515 3,340 3,176

New entrants

1,236 1,111 1,169 1,421 1,326 1,291 1,287 1,279 1,316

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

57.5 57.0 56.2 54.8 53.5 52.2 53.4 53.9 53.6

On temporary layoff

10.5 11.4 11.1 8.8 9.0 8.8 9.3 8.9 9.4

Not on temporary layoff

47.0 45.6 45.1 45.9 44.6 43.4 44.1 45.0 44.2

Job leavers

8.2 7.6 8.0 8.7 7.7 8.0 7.9 7.9 8.4

Reentrants

24.7 26.5 25.9 25.5 27.7 29.2 28.3 27.6 26.9

New entrants

9.6 8.9 9.9 11.1 11.0 10.5 10.4 10.6 11.1

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

4.8 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.2 4.1

Job leavers

0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Reentrants

2.1 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.0

New entrants

0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2012
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Nov.
2012
Dec.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

2,270 2,440 2,067 2,596 2,596 2,676 2,766 2,667 2,464

5 to 14 weeks

3,005 3,366 3,040 2,784 2,757 2,838 3,028 2,782 2,838

15 weeks and over

7,629 6,694 6,708 7,179 6,604 6,661 6,566 6,493 6,348

15 to 26 weeks

2,244 1,903 2,051 1,877 1,820 1,895 1,858 1,695 1,737

27 weeks and over

5,385 4,791 4,657 5,302 4,784 4,766 4,708 4,797 4,611

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

40.2 36.0 37.9 39.5 39.7 38.1 35.3 36.9 37.1

Median duration, in weeks

20.5 17.1 19.0 19.7 18.9 18.0 16.0 17.8 18.1

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

17.6 19.5 17.5 20.7 21.7 22.0 22.4 22.3 21.1

5 to 14 weeks

23.3 26.9 25.7 22.2 23.1 23.3 24.5 23.3 24.4

15 weeks and over

59.1 53.6 56.8 57.2 55.2 54.7 53.1 54.4 54.5

15 to 26 weeks

17.4 15.2 17.4 14.9 15.2 15.6 15.0 14.2 14.9

27 weeks and over

41.7 38.3 39.4 42.2 40.0 39.1 38.1 40.2 39.6

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013

Total, 16 years and over(1)

141,412 142,698 12,904 11,815 8.4 7.6

Management, professional, and related occupations

53,771 54,721 2,330 2,020 4.2 3.6

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

22,267 22,734 1,019 836 4.4 3.5

Professional and related occupations

31,503 31,986 1,311 1,184 4.0 3.6

Service occupations

25,229 25,628 2,468 2,480 8.9 8.8

Sales and office occupations

33,250 33,042 2,908 2,701 8.0 7.6

Sales and related occupations

15,241 14,902 1,341 1,246 8.1 7.7

Office and administrative support occupations

18,009 18,140 1,567 1,455 8.0 7.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

12,323 12,482 1,942 1,666 13.6 11.8

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

880 840 217 151 19.8 15.3

Construction and extraction occupations

6,784 6,761 1,393 1,266 17.0 15.8

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

4,659 4,880 332 249 6.7 4.8

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

16,840 16,825 1,960 1,747 10.4 9.4

Production occupations

8,427 8,238 902 734 9.7 8.2

Transportation and material moving occupations

8,414 8,587 1,058 1,013 11.2 10.5

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013

Total, 16 years and over(1)

12,904 11,815 8.4 7.6

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

10,106 9,148 8.4 7.6

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

62 72 6.3 6.1

Construction

1,431 1,195 17.2 14.7

Manufacturing

1,164 968 7.6 6.4

Durable goods

684 582 7.2 6.1

Nondurable goods

480 386 8.2 6.8

Wholesale and retail trade

1,763 1,500 8.6 7.5

Transportation and utilities

383 463 6.7 7.6

Information

232 145 8.0 5.2

Financial activities

536 414 5.7 4.3

Professional and business services

1,521 1,378 9.7 8.9

Education and health services

1,172 1,111 5.3 5.0

Leisure and hospitality

1,395 1,467 10.9 10.8

Other services

447 435 6.9 6.8

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

232 175 15.7 13.5

Government workers

787 786 3.7 3.6

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

543 537 5.5 5.6

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2012
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Nov.
2012
Dec.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

4.9 4.3 4.3 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.1

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

4.8 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.2 4.1

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

8.4 8.1 7.6 8.2 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.7 7.6

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

8.9 8.6 8.1 8.7 8.3 8.5 8.4 8.3 8.1

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

9.7 9.6 9.0 9.6 9.2 9.4 9.3 9.2 8.9

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

14.8 14.9 13.9 14.5 14.4 14.4 14.4 14.3 13.8

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013
Mar.
2012
Mar.
2013

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

88,288 90,483 35,156 36,071 53,133 54,412

Persons who currently want a job

6,041 6,399 2,873 3,044 3,168 3,354

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

2,352 2,326 1,226 1,255 1,126 1,072

Discouraged workers(2)

865 803 510 512 355 291

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,488 1,523 717 742 771 781

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

7,052 7,192 3,451 3,541 3,601 3,651

Percent of total employed

5.0 5.0 4.6 4.7 5.4 5.4

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

3,667 3,950 2,040 2,207 1,628 1,742

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

1,992 1,835 629 589 1,364 1,246

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

223 286 128 164 95 122

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,120 1,092 631 564 489 528

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)
Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)
Change from:
Feb.2013 - Mar.2013(p)

Total nonfarm

132,505 132,704 133,726 134,485 133,285 134,839 135,107 135,195 88

Total private

110,157 110,977 111,521 112,205 111,344 112,981 113,235 113,330 95

Goods-producing

17,971 18,046 18,099 18,244 18,402 18,563 18,636 18,652 16

Mining and logging

836 846 852 855 852 863 868 869 1

Logging

47.2 47.8 48.3 47.1 49.8 48.9 49.9 49.7 -0.2

Mining

788.4 797.8 804.1 808.2 801.8 814.1 817.8 818.9 1.1

Oil and gas extraction

183.6 190.6 191.1 191.4 184.8 191.9 193.1 192.5 -0.6

Mining, except oil and gas(1)

216.3 215.3 217.7 220.2 224.7 226.1 227.7 227.7 0.0

Coal mining

89.0 83.3 84.9 86.3 89.3 84.0 85.3 86.2 0.9

Support activities for mining

388.5 391.9 395.3 396.6 392.3 396.1 397.0 398.7 1.7

Construction

5,313 5,340 5,370 5,487 5,640 5,735 5,784 5,802 18

Construction of buildings

1,181.5 1,197.0 1,197.3 1,209.8 1,234.2 1,250.6 1,256.9 1,260.2 3.3

Residential building

546.1 545.9 545.1 551.5 573.2 574.7 575.8 578.1 2.3

Nonresidential building

635.4 651.1 652.2 658.3 661.0 675.9 681.1 682.1 1.0

Heavy and civil engineering construction

785.4 780.0 791.0 810.6 866.4 887.2 898.9 890.1 -8.8

Specialty trade contractors

3,346.5 3,362.9 3,382.1 3,466.8 3,539.1 3,597.2 3,628.3 3,651.6 23.3

Residential specialty trade contractors

1,382.1 1,410.4 1,418.6 1,456.4 1,470.8 1,515.1 1,531.2 1,543.7 12.5

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

1,964.4 1,952.5 1,963.5 2,010.4 2,068.3 2,082.1 2,097.1 2,107.9 10.8

Manufacturing

11,822 11,860 11,877 11,902 11,910 11,965 11,984 11,981 -3

Durable goods

7,415 7,450 7,457 7,481 7,452 7,499 7,508 7,512 4

Wood products

332.2 337.4 337.8 339.8 338.9 344.1 347.4 346.1 -1.3

Nonmetallic mineral products

358.2 350.6 352.3 358.3 369.0 365.6 366.9 367.0 0.1

Primary metals

399.9 397.4 394.9 397.5 401.2 398.6 396.9 398.9 2.0

Fabricated metal products

1,393.3 1,416.5 1,421.0 1,427.2 1,402.0 1,425.7 1,430.8 1,434.2 3.4

Machinery

1,093.7 1,100.0 1,101.3 1,106.9 1,096.0 1,103.4 1,104.6 1,107.6 3.0

Computer and electronic products(1)

1,096.9 1,083.8 1,082.8 1,083.1 1,098.7 1,086.3 1,084.7 1,084.5 -0.2

Computer and peripheral equipment

157.4 159.2 159.0 159.3 157.7 159.4 159.3 159.6 0.3

Communications equipment

110.6 107.8 107.6 108.1 111.0 108.0 107.9 108.2 0.3

Semiconductors and electronic components

385.3 381.0 380.2 379.6 385.5 381.8 380.7 380.0 -0.7

Electronic instruments

402.6 395.9 396.7 396.9 403.3 397.1 397.1 397.3 0.2

Electrical equipment and appliances

370.2 365.9 363.3 363.0 372.1 366.7 365.2 364.7 -0.5

Transportation equipment(1)

1,446.6 1,475.4 1,478.4 1,481.4 1,443.8 1,477.3 1,480.2 1,479.5 -0.7

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

769.2 786.2 788.7 793.2 765.5 787.7 789.0 789.8 0.8

Furniture and related products

348.6 346.3 348.8 350.4 351.6 351.8 352.7 352.6 -0.1

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

575.4 576.3 576.5 573.8 578.7 579.9 578.4 577.0 -1.4

Nondurable goods

4,407 4,410 4,420 4,421 4,458 4,466 4,476 4,469 -7

Food manufacturing

1,433.5 1,441.8 1,442.8 1,442.4 1,464.0 1,470.3 1,474.3 1,472.7 -1.6

Textile mills

118.8 114.3 114.3 114.2 118.9 115.3 115.0 114.4 -0.6

Textile product mills

115.5 116.2 115.5 114.6 116.7 117.1 116.5 115.5 -1.0

Apparel

149.5 145.6 148.4 145.8 149.9 148.0 148.6 146.1 -2.5

Paper and paper products

379.5 376.8 376.8 376.3 381.6 377.5 378.6 378.3 -0.3

Printing and related support activities

462.1 453.6 453.1 454.4 464.6 457.3 457.3 456.5 -0.8

Petroleum and coal products

109.7 112.7 111.9 112.6 113.0 116.7 115.6 115.7 0.1

Chemicals

783.2 788.1 789.7 792.6 784.4 790.3 792.6 792.6 0.0

Plastics and rubber products

641.2 644.8 650.3 652.3 644.7 651.6 654.2 655.4 1.2

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

213.6 215.9 216.7 215.5 220.1 222.0 223.1 222.1 -1.0

Private service-providing

92,186 92,931 93,422 93,961 92,942 94,418 94,599 94,678 79

Trade, transportation, and utilities

25,082 25,614 25,420 25,468 25,381 25,783 25,802 25,775 -27

Wholesale trade

5,608.0 5,679.7 5,684.4 5,700.3 5,640.8 5,729.0 5,733.7 5,732.7 -1.0

Durable goods

2,806.5 2,836.1 2,835.6 2,839.9 2,820.6 2,852.8 2,853.3 2,851.7 -1.6

Nondurable goods

1,942.2 1,973.6 1,974.1 1,977.4 1,957.2 1,998.0 1,997.8 1,993.9 -3.9

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

859.3 870.0 874.7 883.0 863.0 878.2 882.6 887.1 4.5

Retail trade

14,574.4 14,944.0 14,767.0 14,786.1 14,799.1 15,026.5 15,041.1 15,017.0 -24.1

Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)

1,715.0 1,724.5 1,731.3 1,746.9 1,729.0 1,754.6 1,757.0 1,760.3 3.3

Automobile dealers

1,079.9 1,096.2 1,098.6 1,105.6 1,084.5 1,107.6 1,108.6 1,110.2 1.6

Furniture and home furnishings stores

432.2 453.5 446.8 442.8 439.0 447.6 450.7 448.9 -1.8

Electronics and appliance stores

510.2 527.0 510.1 499.4 515.4 519.0 510.4 504.7 -5.7

Building material and garden supply stores

1,166.8 1,115.1 1,131.3 1,158.6 1,171.9 1,172.5 1,175.5 1,165.4 -10.1

Food and beverage stores

2,813.9 2,877.9 2,866.1 2,868.5 2,844.3 2,891.5 2,896.9 2,899.8 2.9

Health and personal care stores

989.0 1,020.9 1,017.1 1,013.0 995.9 1,019.8 1,022.2 1,020.2 -2.0

Gasoline stations

827.1 832.3 834.9 836.7 839.3 845.3 848.1 848.6 0.5

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,330.4 1,464.9 1,392.1 1,375.9 1,380.8 1,454.2 1,446.8 1,431.5 -15.3

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

559.9 588.5 571.6 567.5 577.7 581.8 583.1 584.6 1.5

General merchandise stores(1)

3,031.5 3,103.0 3,029.3 3,053.9 3,077.4 3,089.9 3,094.9 3,098.3 3.4

Department stores

1,477.4 1,500.4 1,447.7 1,448.1 1,511.8 1,476.3 1,478.0 1,479.9 1.9

Miscellaneous store retailers

766.4 788.1 796.1 786.3 785.2 805.4 809.2 807.7 -1.5

Nonstore retailers

432.0 448.3 440.3 436.6 443.2 444.9 446.3 447.0 0.7

Transportation and warehousing

4,347.7 4,437.2 4,413.7 4,424.9 4,387.5 4,471.6 4,469.9 4,467.1 -2.8

Air transportation

459.1 443.8 442.1 444.0 459.9 446.8 445.6 445.5 -0.1

Rail transportation

230.2 229.1 229.4 229.5 230.8 230.8 230.8 230.1 -0.7

Water transportation

62.0 60.3 60.0 60.8 63.8 62.1 62.6 62.7 0.1

Truck transportation

1,312.9 1,348.2 1,347.7 1,348.0 1,338.6 1,374.3 1,380.0 1,373.1 -6.9

Transit and ground passenger transportation

456.1 479.6 476.8 483.4 444.0 467.1 464.2 470.3 6.1

Pipeline transportation

43.6 44.2 44.4 44.5 43.8 44.1 44.4 44.6 0.2

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

22.8 18.7 19.8 21.7 28.7 26.7 26.9 27.3 0.4

Support activities for transportation

572.6 586.8 588.0 584.2 575.8 589.7 589.7 587.3 -2.4

Couriers and messengers

521.3 543.4 525.6 526.8 529.8 539.4 536.9 536.8 -0.1

Warehousing and storage

667.1 683.1 679.9 682.0 672.3 690.6 688.8 689.4 0.6

Utilities

552.3 553.5 554.8 556.8 553.6 555.9 557.5 558.1 0.6

Information

2,672 2,640 2,705 2,703 2,679 2,680 2,699 2,704 5

Publishing industries, except Internet

737.9 727.4 725.7 727.2 740.3 730.8 728.3 729.7 1.4

Motion picture and sound recording industries

359.1 342.4 406.9 401.7 364.1 376.5 399.0 401.3 2.3

Broadcasting, except Internet

287.1 285.2 285.9 285.7 287.4 285.8 285.7 285.6 -0.1

Telecommunications

865.6 856.9 858.3 858.9 864.3 855.5 855.5 857.3 1.8

Data processing, hosting and related services

251.6 251.0 251.1 251.6 251.1 253.2 251.8 251.3 -0.5

Other information services

170.9 177.2 177.4 177.4 172.2 178.1 178.6 178.8 0.2

Financial activities

7,726 7,791 7,803 7,809 7,763 7,838 7,846 7,844 -2

Finance and insurance

5,812.3 5,866.5 5,869.0 5,867.5 5,815.5 5,873.9 5,873.4 5,871.3 -2.1

Monetary authorities - central bank

16.9 16.6 16.5 16.5 17.0 16.8 16.7 16.7 0.0

Credit intermediation and related
activities(1)

2,569.7 2,602.4 2,601.4 2,597.3 2,569.6 2,601.8 2,599.8 2,598.4 -1.4

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,741.5 1,740.5 1,736.2 1,734.0 1,743.3 1,739.9 1,737.6 1,736.4 -1.2

Commercial banking

1,325.0 1,315.9 1,311.9 1,308.9 1,325.2 1,316.5 1,312.8 1,309.9 -2.9

Securities, commodity contracts, investments

811.8 818.2 822.0 822.8 812.6 820.9 822.8 823.3 0.5

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,327.3 2,342.5 2,343.3 2,344.6 2,329.5 2,347.4 2,347.7 2,346.4 -1.3

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles

86.6 86.8 85.8 86.3 86.8 87.0 86.4 86.5 0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

1,913.8 1,924.1 1,933.8 1,941.7 1,947.1 1,964.2 1,972.6 1,973.0 0.4

Real estate

1,392.3 1,402.5 1,408.1 1,411.2 1,414.2 1,427.0 1,431.4 1,431.6 0.2

Rental and leasing services

497.2 498.3 502.4 507.1 508.4 513.7 517.7 517.9 0.2

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

24.3 23.3 23.3 23.4 24.5 23.5 23.5 23.5 0.0

Professional and business services

17,601 17,841 18,024 18,157 17,796 18,198 18,278 18,329 51

Professional and technical services(1)

7,883.1 8,013.9 8,106.4 8,118.6 7,818.9 8,000.3 8,027.9 8,052.5 24.6

Legal services

1,112.5 1,117.8 1,117.9 1,121.6 1,117.9 1,125.6 1,124.9 1,126.9 2.0

Accounting and bookkeeping services

1,022.3 999.5 1,059.8 1,052.0 905.4 909.1 921.9 932.6 10.7

Architectural and engineering services

1,298.2 1,316.3 1,321.6 1,325.2 1,315.4 1,337.1 1,340.4 1,342.5 2.1

Computer systems design and related services

1,587.8 1,656.3 1,669.6 1,666.3 1,596.6 1,664.6 1,671.8 1,675.7 3.9

Management and technical consulting services

1,093.8 1,139.6 1,150.1 1,156.7 1,103.9 1,154.6 1,159.9 1,166.1 6.2

Management of companies and enterprises

1,993.5 2,019.6 2,016.6 2,023.4 1,999.2 2,026.0 2,028.5 2,029.9 1.4

Administrative and waste services

7,724.8 7,807.6 7,900.8 8,015.3 7,977.7 8,171.3 8,221.1 8,246.6 25.5

Administrative and support services(1)

7,361.5 7,436.2 7,532.2 7,645.2 7,606.1 7,793.9 7,844.1 7,868.6 24.5

Employment services(1)

2,999.4 3,068.9 3,124.4 3,179.4 3,107.9 3,231.1 3,257.6 3,272.8 15.2

Temporary help services

2,373.7 2,442.5 2,479.4 2,534.5 2,465.7 2,580.8 2,604.2 2,624.5 20.3

Business support services

822.9 833.5 840.1 836.0 821.6 832.7 835.4 835.2 -0.2

Services to buildings and dwellings

1,710.9 1,679.6 1,698.9 1,746.2 1,834.1 1,848.6 1,860.3 1,866.7 6.4

Waste management and remediation services

363.3 371.4 368.6 370.1 371.6 377.4 377.0 378.0 1.0

Education and health services

20,377 20,375 20,657 20,739 20,221 20,511 20,542 20,586 44

Educational services

3,503.9 3,248.8 3,482.3 3,510.5 3,342.3 3,343.9 3,337.7 3,353.8 16.1

Health care and social assistance

16,873.0 17,125.8 17,175.1 17,228.9 16,878.8 17,167.4 17,204.3 17,232.2 27.9

Health care(3)

14,196.1 14,421.2 14,452.0 14,491.7 14,221.3 14,462.9 14,493.2 14,516.6 23.4

Ambulatory health care services(1)

6,244.1 6,419.5 6,436.1 6,456.9 6,258.3 6,443.1 6,454.5 6,469.8 15.3

Offices of physicians

2,369.4 2,416.6 2,415.9 2,418.7 2,373.2 2,420.8 2,422.7 2,423.7 1.0

Outpatient care centers

640.4 671.8 675.2 678.3 640.6 673.2 675.0 678.2 3.2

Home health care services

1,173.4 1,240.0 1,249.6 1,257.8 1,176.7 1,245.8 1,252.3 1,259.1 6.8

Hospitals

4,773.0 4,812.7 4,821.9 4,834.3 4,776.2 4,819.0 4,829.7 4,837.6 7.9

Nursing and residential care facilities(1)

3,179.0 3,189.0 3,194.0 3,200.5 3,186.8 3,200.8 3,209.0 3,209.2 0.2

Nursing care facilities

1,663.8 1,656.6 1,656.1 1,660.9 1,668.5 1,660.9 1,665.3 1,665.0 -0.3

Social assistance(1)

2,676.9 2,704.6 2,723.1 2,737.2 2,657.5 2,704.5 2,711.1 2,715.6 4.5

Child day care services

873.1 866.0 874.4 879.4 854.0 857.9 859.4 859.9 0.5

Leisure and hospitality

13,334 13,264 13,389 13,645 13,684 13,932 13,958 13,975 17

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

1,828.0 1,760.2 1,786.0 1,855.1 1,976.3 1,990.2 1,994.1 1,999.7 5.6

Performing arts and spectator sports

388.0 369.6 386.1 400.6 410.0 415.3 418.6 420.9 2.3

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

128.8 125.0 125.9 128.9 137.4 137.3 137.8 137.4 -0.4

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,311.2 1,265.6 1,274.0 1,325.6 1,428.9 1,437.6 1,437.7 1,441.4 3.7

Accommodation and food services

11,505.8 11,503.4 11,603.4 11,789.5 11,708.0 11,941.3 11,963.5 11,975.7 12.2

Accommodation

1,751.0 1,724.3 1,735.4 1,758.7 1,817.4 1,821.6 1,824.4 1,823.6 -0.8

Food services and drinking places

9,754.8 9,779.1 9,868.0 10,030.8 9,890.6 10,119.7 10,139.1 10,152.1 13.0

Other services

5,394 5,406 5,424 5,440 5,418 5,476 5,474 5,465 -9

Repair and maintenance

1,183.7 1,185.1 1,191.1 1,194.8 1,185.7 1,200.8 1,200.5 1,196.6 -3.9

Personal and laundry services

1,299.4 1,312.8 1,312.2 1,319.7 1,305.9 1,332.0 1,328.3 1,327.0 -1.3

Membership associations and organizations

2,911.1 2,907.8 2,920.6 2,925.8 2,926.7 2,943.1 2,945.2 2,941.7 -3.5

Government

22,348 21,727 22,205 22,280 21,941 21,858 21,872 21,865 -7

Federal

2,815.0 2,771.0 2,775.0 2,766.0 2,830.0 2,794.0 2,796.0 2,782.0 -14.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,201.2 2,169.8 2,170.0 2,177.5 2,213.0 2,192.5 2,190.6 2,188.4 -2.2

U.S. Postal Service

613.6 600.7 605.3 588.8 617.1 601.4 605.7 594.0 -11.7

State government

5,199.0 4,921.0 5,166.0 5,194.0 5,059.0 5,028.0 5,041.0 5,050.0 9.0

State government education

2,532.3 2,265.9 2,519.2 2,543.2 2,383.9 2,364.0 2,382.9 2,391.3 8.4

State government, excluding education

2,666.9 2,654.7 2,647.2 2,651.1 2,675.3 2,664.0 2,658.5 2,658.3 -0.2

Local government

14,334.0 14,035.0 14,264.0 14,320.0 14,052.0 14,036.0 14,035.0 14,033.0 -2.0

Local government education

8,165.3 7,883.5 8,108.3 8,144.9 7,785.3 7,765.0 7,763.1 7,761.1 -2.0

Local government, excluding education

6,169.1 6,151.5 6,155.7 6,175.4 6,266.7 6,271.1 6,271.5 6,272.2 0.7

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.5 34.4 34.5 34.6

Goods-producing

40.2 40.2 40.5 40.4

Mining and logging

44.0 42.9 43.3 43.1

Construction

38.6 38.9 39.2 39.0

Manufacturing

40.7 40.7 40.9 40.8

Durable goods

41.1 41.0 41.2 41.2

Nondurable goods

40.1 40.1 40.3 40.3

Private service-providing

33.4 33.3 33.4 33.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.7 34.4 34.6 34.7

Wholesale trade

38.7 38.6 38.7 38.7

Retail trade

31.9 31.3 31.6 31.7

Transportation and warehousing

38.3 38.5 38.6 38.7

Utilities

41.4 42.2 42.7 42.7

Information

36.6 36.4 36.3 36.3

Financial activities

37.2 37.0 37.2 37.2

Professional and business services

35.9 36.0 36.1 36.1

Education and health services

32.9 32.9 32.9 32.9

Leisure and hospitality

26.1 26.1 26.1 26.2

Other services

31.8 31.4 31.7 31.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.3 3.4 3.3 3.4

Durable goods

3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4

Nondurable goods

3.3 3.5 3.4 3.5

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)
Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)

Total private

$23.40 $23.78 $23.81 $23.82 $807.30 $818.03 $821.45 $824.17

Goods-producing

24.64 24.88 24.94 24.96 990.53 1,000.18 1,010.07 1,008.38

Mining and logging

28.70 28.99 28.82 28.96 1,262.80 1,243.67 1,247.91 1,248.18

Construction

25.64 26.00 26.01 26.01 989.70 1,011.40 1,019.59 1,014.39

Manufacturing

23.88 24.05 24.15 24.17 971.92 978.84 987.74 986.14

Durable goods

25.26 25.45 25.53 25.55 1,038.19 1,043.45 1,051.84 1,052.66

Nondurable goods

21.50 21.65 21.80 21.81 862.15 868.17 878.54 878.94

Private service-providing

23.10 23.51 23.54 23.55 771.54 782.88 786.24 786.57

Trade, transportation, and utilities

20.30 20.78 20.76 20.82 704.41 714.83 718.30 722.45

Wholesale trade

26.67 27.31 27.32 27.49 1,032.13 1,054.17 1,057.28 1,063.86

Retail trade

16.11 16.52 16.53 16.57 513.91 517.08 522.35 525.27

Transportation and warehousing

21.96 22.08 22.02 22.04 841.07 850.08 849.97 852.95

Utilities

33.76 35.03 35.06 34.95 1,397.66 1,478.27 1,497.06 1,492.37

Information

31.66 32.39 32.35 32.50 1,158.76 1,179.00 1,174.31 1,179.75

Financial activities

28.88 29.91 29.94 30.00 1,074.34 1,106.67 1,113.77 1,116.00

Professional and business services

28.03 28.36 28.32 28.42 1,006.28 1,020.96 1,022.35 1,025.96

Education and health services

24.17 24.44 24.58 24.45 795.19 804.08 808.68 804.41

Leisure and hospitality

13.35 13.38 13.39 13.39 348.44 349.22 349.48 350.82

Other services

20.70 21.13 21.20 21.12 658.26 663.48 672.04 671.62

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)
Percent change from:
Feb.
2013 - Mar.
2013(p)
Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)
Percent change from:
Feb.
2013 - Mar.
2013(p)

Total private

96.2 97.4 97.9 98.2 0.3 107.4 110.4 111.1 111.6 0.5

Goods-producing

84.3 85.0 86.0 85.9 -0.1 93.9 95.6 96.9 96.9 0.0

Mining and logging

117.8 116.3 118.1 117.7 -0.3 135.7 135.4 136.7 136.8 0.1

Construction

75.0 76.9 78.2 78.0 -0.3 83.6 86.9 88.3 88.2 -0.1

Manufacturing

87.2 87.6 88.2 87.9 -0.3 96.8 98.0 99.0 98.8 -0.2

Durable goods

86.2 86.6 87.1 87.1 0.0 96.7 97.8 98.7 98.9 0.2

Nondurable goods

89.2 89.4 90.0 89.9 -0.1 97.3 98.2 99.6 99.5 -0.1

Private service-providing

99.6 100.9 101.4 101.5 0.1 111.5 114.9 115.6 115.8 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

95.8 96.5 97.1 97.3 0.2 104.7 107.9 108.5 109.0 0.5

Wholesale trade

95.2 96.5 96.8 96.8 0.0 106.0 110.0 110.4 111.0 0.5

Retail trade

95.9 95.5 96.5 96.7 0.2 102.1 104.3 105.5 105.9 0.4

Transportation and warehousing

96.2 98.5 98.7 98.9 0.2 107.2 110.4 110.3 110.7 0.4

Utilities

99.2 101.5 103.0 103.1 0.1 110.6 117.5 119.3 119.1 -0.2

Information

89.5 89.1 89.5 89.6 0.1 100.9 102.7 103.1 103.7 0.6

Financial activities

94.6 95.0 95.6 95.6 0.0 106.5 110.8 111.6 111.8 0.2

Professional and business services

100.5 103.0 103.8 104.1 0.3 114.1 118.4 119.1 119.8 0.6

Education and health services

108.3 109.9 110.0 110.3 0.3 122.6 125.8 126.7 126.3 -0.3

Leisure and hospitality

101.9 103.8 103.9 104.5 0.6 109.8 112.0 112.3 112.9 0.5

Other services

95.5 95.3 96.1 96.3 0.2 112.1 114.2 115.7 115.4 -0.3

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)
Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)

Total nonfarm

65,740 66,557 66,652 66,677 49.3 49.4 49.3 49.3

Total private

53,223 54,093 54,175 54,204 47.8 47.9 47.8 47.8

Goods-producing

4,080 4,102 4,105 4,097 22.2 22.1 22.0 22.0

Mining and logging

112 116 116 117 13.1 13.4 13.4 13.5

Construction

718 733 734 737 12.7 12.8 12.7 12.7

Manufacturing

3,250 3,253 3,255 3,243 27.3 27.2 27.2 27.1

Durable goods

1,727 1,733 1,732 1,729 23.2 23.1 23.1 23.0

Nondurable goods

1,523 1,520 1,523 1,514 34.2 34.0 34.0 33.9

Private service-providing

49,143 49,991 50,070 50,107 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

10,194 10,419 10,426 10,431 40.2 40.4 40.4 40.5

Wholesale trade

1,696.7 1,704.9 1,703.9 1,694.7 30.1 29.8 29.7 29.6

Retail trade

7,340.3 7,529.7 7,544.8 7,554.3 49.6 50.1 50.2 50.3

Transportation and warehousing

1,020.1 1,045.5 1,038.0 1,043.7 23.3 23.4 23.2 23.4

Utilities

137.2 138.4 139.2 138.4 24.8 24.9 25.0 24.8

Information

1,080 1,074 1,074 1,074 40.3 40.1 39.8 39.7

Financial activities

4,511 4,536 4,535 4,531 58.1 57.9 57.8 57.8

Professional and business services

7,870 8,076 8,106 8,117 44.2 44.4 44.3 44.3

Education and health services

15,505 15,748 15,772 15,800 76.7 76.8 76.8 76.8

Leisure and hospitality

7,144 7,258 7,278 7,281 52.2 52.1 52.1 52.1

Other services

2,839 2,880 2,879 2,873 52.4 52.6 52.6 52.6

Government

12,517 12,464 12,477 12,473 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)

Total private

91,989 93,350 93,555 93,609

Goods-producing

13,314 13,383 13,432 13,438

Mining and logging

644 638 645 643

Construction

4,272 4,335 4,370 4,393

Manufacturing

8,398 8,410 8,417 8,402

Durable goods

5,143 5,164 5,166 5,159

Nondurable goods

3,255 3,246 3,251 3,243

Private service-providing

78,675 79,967 80,123 80,171

Trade, transportation, and utilities

21,534 21,838 21,848 21,811

Wholesale trade

4,539.1 4,613.8 4,616.0 4,614.4

Retail trade

12,767.9 12,907.4 12,920.9 12,885.4

Transportation and warehousing

3,785.6 3,869.6 3,862.6 3,863.4

Utilities

441.2 446.9 448.3 448.1

Information

2,161 2,169 2,185 2,191

Financial activities

5,959 6,032 6,033 6,029

Professional and business services

14,663 15,061 15,139 15,184

Education and health services

17,737 17,988 18,014 18,043

Leisure and hospitality

12,083 12,301 12,332 12,353

Other services

4,538 4,578 4,572 4,560

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.7 33.6 33.8 33.8

Goods-producing

41.1 41.1 41.3 41.3

Mining and logging

47.2 44.3 45.6 45.5

Construction

39.3 39.4 39.6 39.7

Manufacturing

41.6 41.7 41.9 41.8

Durable goods

42.0 42.0 42.3 42.3

Nondurable goods

41.0 41.2 41.2 41.2

Private service-providing

32.5 32.4 32.5 32.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

33.8 33.6 33.8 33.9

Wholesale trade

38.6 38.7 38.9 38.8

Retail trade

30.7 30.1 30.2 30.4

Transportation and warehousing

37.8 38.2 38.5 38.9

Utilities

40.4 41.1 42.4 42.3

Information

36.0 35.7 35.6 35.6

Financial activities

36.6 36.6 36.7 36.7

Professional and business services

35.2 35.2 35.4 35.4

Education and health services

32.4 32.3 32.4 32.3

Leisure and hospitality

25.0 25.0 25.0 25.1

Other services

30.8 30.6 30.8 30.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.2 4.2 4.3 4.4

Durable goods

4.4 4.2 4.3 4.4

Nondurable goods

4.0 4.3 4.3 4.4

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)
Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)

Total private

$19.68 $19.98 $20.04 $20.03 $663.22 $671.33 $677.35 $677.01

Goods-producing

20.88 21.09 21.15 21.17 858.17 866.80 873.50 874.32

Mining and logging

25.58 26.23 26.23 26.25 1,207.38 1,161.99 1,196.09 1,194.38

Construction

23.91 24.20 24.22 24.25 939.66 953.48 959.11 962.73

Manufacturing

19.02 19.16 19.22 19.23 791.23 798.97 805.32 803.81

Durable goods

20.12 20.21 20.21 20.24 845.04 848.82 854.88 856.15

Nondurable goods

17.24 17.46 17.61 17.56 706.84 719.35 725.53 723.47

Private service-providing

19.42 19.74 19.80 19.79 631.15 639.58 643.50 645.15

Trade, transportation, and utilities

17.37 17.57 17.60 17.60 587.11 590.35 594.88 596.64

Wholesale trade

22.14 22.35 22.39 22.45 854.60 864.95 870.97 871.06

Retail trade

13.79 13.93 13.93 13.96 423.35 419.29 420.69 424.38

Transportation and warehousing

19.60 19.53 19.57 19.48 740.88 746.05 753.45 757.77

Utilities

31.15 32.21 32.19 32.16 1,258.46 1,323.83 1,364.86 1,360.37

Information

26.83 27.78 27.75 27.69 965.88 991.75 987.90 985.76

Financial activities

22.50 23.46 23.59 23.68 823.50 858.64 865.75 869.06

Professional and business services

23.23 23.56 23.58 23.61 817.70 829.31 834.73 835.79

Education and health services

21.02 21.27 21.35 21.30 681.05 687.02 691.74 687.99

Leisure and hospitality

11.60 11.65 11.71 11.71 290.00 291.25 292.75 293.92

Other services

17.50 17.79 17.87 17.80 539.00 544.37 550.40 546.46

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)
Percent change from:
Feb.
2013 - Mar.
2013(p)
Mar.
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013(p)
Mar.
2013(p)
Percent change from:
Feb.
2013 - Mar.
2013(p)

Total private

103.5 104.7 105.5 105.6 0.1 136.0 139.7 141.2 141.3 0.1

Goods-producing

83.6 84.1 84.8 84.8 0.0 106.9 108.6 109.8 109.9 0.1

Mining and logging

161.5 150.2 156.3 155.5 -0.5 240.3 229.1 238.4 237.4 -0.4

Construction

84.1 85.5 86.6 87.3 0.8 108.5 111.8 113.3 114.3 0.9

Manufacturing

80.2 80.5 81.0 80.6 -0.5 99.8 100.9 101.8 101.4 -0.4

Durable goods

81.2 81.5 82.1 82.0 -0.1 102.0 102.8 103.6 103.6 0.0

Nondurable goods

78.6 78.8 78.9 78.7 -0.3 95.8 97.2 98.2 97.7 -0.5

Private service-providing

109.1 110.6 111.1 111.6 0.5 145.2 149.6 150.8 151.3 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

101.5 102.3 102.9 103.1 0.2 125.7 128.2 129.3 129.4 0.1

Wholesale trade

103.2 105.2 105.7 105.4 -0.3 134.6 138.4 139.5 139.4 -0.1

Retail trade

99.2 98.3 98.8 99.2 0.4 117.3 117.4 117.9 118.6 0.6

Transportation and warehousing

107.7 111.3 111.9 113.1 1.1 133.9 137.9 139.0 139.8 0.6

Utilities

91.2 93.9 97.2 96.9 -0.3 118.5 126.3 130.6 130.1 -0.4

Information

88.8 88.4 88.8 89.0 0.2 117.9 121.5 122.0 122.0 0.0

Financial activities

102.7 103.9 104.2 104.2 0.0 142.1 150.0 151.3 151.7 0.3

Professional and business services

115.7 118.8 120.1 120.5 0.3 159.9 166.6 168.5 169.3 0.5

Education and health services

124.0 125.3 125.9 125.7 -0.2 171.3 175.3 176.7 176.0 -0.4

Leisure and hospitality

110.6 112.6 112.9 113.6 0.6 145.8 149.0 150.2 151.0 0.5

Other services

98.0 98.2 98.8 98.2 -0.6 125.0 127.3 128.6 127.3 -1.0

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary


Last Modified Date: April 05, 2013