Technical information:
Household data: (202) 691-6378 USDL 09-0588
http://www.bls.gov/cps/
Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 Transmission of material in this release
http://www.bls.gov/ces/ is embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EDT),
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 Friday, June 5, 2009.
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: MAY 2009
Nonfarm payroll employment fell by 345,000 in May, about half the
average monthly decline for the prior 6 months, the Bureau of Labor
Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The unem-
ployment rate continued to rise, increasing from 8.9 to 9.4 percent.
Steep job losses continued in manufacturing, while declines moderated
in construction and several service-providing industries.
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
The number of unemployed persons increased by 787,000 to 14.5 million
in May, and the unemployment rate rose to 9.4 percent. Since the start
of the recession in December 2007, the number of unemployed persons has
risen by 7.0 million, and the unemployment rate has grown by 4.5 percent-
age points. (See table A-1.)
Unemployment rates rose in May for adult men (9.8 percent), adult
women (7.5 percent), whites (8.6 percent), and Hispanics (12.7 percent).
The jobless rates for teenagers (22.7 percent) and blacks (14.9 percent)
were little changed over the month. The unemployment rate for Asians was
6.7 percent in May, not seasonally adjusted, up from 3.8 percent a year
earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)
Among the unemployed, the number of job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs rose by 732,000 in May to 9.5 million. This group has in-
creased by 5.8 million since the start of the recession. (See table A-8.)
The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more)
increased by 268,000 over the month to 3.9 million and has tripled since
the start of the recession. (See table A-9.)
- 2 -
Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
_______________________________________________________________________________
| | |
| Quarterly | |
| averages | Monthly data | Apr.-
Category |_________________|__________________________| May
| | | | | | change
| IV | I | Mar. | Apr. | May |
| 2008 | 2009 | 2009 | 2009 | 2009 |
_________________________|________|________|________|________|________|________
|
HOUSEHOLD DATA | Labor force status
|_____________________________________________________
| | | | | |
Civilian labor force ....| 154,648| 153,993| 154,048| 154,731| 155,081| 350
Employment ............| 144,046| 141,578| 140,887| 141,007| 140,570| -437
Unemployment ..........| 10,602| 12,415| 13,161| 13,724| 14,511| 787
Not in labor force ......| 80,177| 80,920| 81,038| 80,541| 80,371| -170
|________|________|________|________|________|________
|
| Unemployment rates
|_____________________________________________________
| | | | | |
All workers .............| 6.9| 8.1| 8.5| 8.9| 9.4| 0.5
Adult men .............| 6.8| 8.2| 8.8| 9.4| 9.8| .4
Adult women ...........| 5.6| 6.7| 7.0| 7.1| 7.5| .4
Teenagers .............| 20.7| 21.3| 21.7| 21.5| 22.7| 1.2
White .................| 6.3| 7.4| 7.9| 8.0| 8.6| .6
Black or African | | | | | |
American ............| 11.5| 13.1| 13.3| 15.0| 14.9| -.1
Hispanic or Latino | | | | | |
ethnicity ...........| 8.9| 10.7| 11.4| 11.3| 12.7| 1.4
|________|________|________|________|________|________
|
ESTABLISHMENT DATA | Employment
|_____________________________________________________
| | | | | |
Nonfarm employment.......| 135,727| 133,662| 133,000|p132,496|p132,151| p-345
Goods-producing (1)....| 20,803| 19,826| 19,520| p19,246| p19,021| p-225
Construction ........| 6,949| 6,590| 6,470| p6,362| p6,303| p-59
Manufacturing .......| 13,062| 12,468| 12,296| p12,142| p11,986| p-156
Service-providing (1)..| 114,924| 113,835| 113,480|p113,250|p113,130| p-120
Retail trade (2)...| 15,127| 14,933| 14,872| p14,836| p14,818| p-18
Professional and | | | | | |
business services .| 17,485| 17,048| 16,910| p16,799| p16,748| p-51
Education and health | | | | | |
services ..........| 19,035| 19,138| 19,158| p19,171| p19,215| p44
Leisure and | | | | | |
hospitality .......| 13,348| 13,235| 13,202| p13,164| p13,167| p3
Government ..........| 22,538| 22,543| 22,543| p22,635| p22,628| p-7
|________|________|________|________|________|________
|
| Hours of work (3)
|_____________________________________________________
| | | | | |
Total private ...........| 33.4| 33.2| 33.1| p33.2| p33.1| p-0.1
Manufacturing .........| 40.2| 39.6| 39.4| p39.5| p39.3| p-.2
Overtime ............| 3.2| 2.7| 2.6| p2.7| p2.7| p.0
|________|________|________|________|________|________
|
| Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3)
|_____________________________________________________
| | | | | |
Total private ...........| 104.1| 101.7| 100.7| p100.4| p99.7| p-0.7
|________|________|________|________|________|________
|
| Earnings (3)
|_____________________________________________________
Average hourly earnings, | | | | | |
total private .........| $18.34| $18.46| $18.50| p$18.52| p$18.54| p$0.02
Average weekly earnings, | | | | | |
total private .........| 612.55| 613.60| 612.35| p614.86| p613.67| p-1.19
_________________________|________|________|________|________|________|________
1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
2 Quarterly averages and the over-the-month change are calculated using
unrounded data.
3 Data relate to private production and nonsupervisory workers.
p = preliminary.
- 3 -
Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
In May, the civilian labor force participation rate was about unchanged
at 65.9 percent. The employment-population ratio, at 59.7 percent, con-
tinued to trend down. The ratio has declined by 3.0 percentage points since
December 2007. (See table A-1.)
The number of persons working part time for economic reasons (sometimes
referred to as involuntary part-time workers) was little changed in May at
9.1 million. The number of such workers has risen by 4.4 million during the
recession. (See table A-5.)
Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
About 2.2 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were marginally at-
tached to the labor force in May, 794,000 more than a year earlier. These
individuals wanted and were available for work and had looked for a job
sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed be-
cause they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey.
Among the marginally attached, there were 792,000 discouraged workers in
May, up by 392,000 from a year earlier. Discouraged workers are persons
not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available
for them. The other 1.4 million persons marginally attached to the labor
force in May had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey
for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See
table A-13.)
Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
Total nonfarm payroll employment declined by 345,000 in May to 132.2
million. The decline was about half of the average monthly job loss for
the prior 6 months (-643,000). Since the recession began in December
2007, payroll employment has fallen by 6.0 million. In May, job losses
continued to be widespread across major industry sectors. Steep job
losses continued in manufacturing, while the rate of decline moderated in
several industries, including construction, professional and business
services, and retail trade. (See table B-1.)
Manufacturing employment fell by 156,000 in May. Job losses occurred
in most component industries. Three durable goods industries--motor
vehicles and parts (-30,000), machinery (-26,000), and fabricated metal
products (-19,000)--accounted for about half of the overall decline in
factory employment. Since its most recent peak in February 2000, employ-
ment in motor vehicles and parts has fallen by about 50 percent. Mining
shed 11,000 jobs in May, about the same number as in April.
Employment in construction decreased by 59,000 in May, compared with
an average monthly job loss of 117,000 in the industry for the previous 6
months. In May, employment fell in nonresidential specialty trade con-
tractors (-30,000) and in residential construction of buildings (-11,000).
Job losses in professional and business services moderated in May,
with the industry shedding 51,000 jobs. This compares with an average
loss of 136,000 jobs per month in the prior 6 months. The temporary help
services industry, which had been dropping an average of 73,000 jobs per
month over this period, saw little employment change in May (-7,000).
Employment in leisure and hospitality was flat over the month. The
industry had lost an average of 39,000 jobs per month during the prior 6
months.
- 4 -
Retail trade employment was down by 18,000 in May; job cutbacks in re-
tail trade have moderated markedly in the past 2 months. Employment in
wholesale trade fell by 22,000 over the month, with over half of the de-
crease (-14,000) among durable goods wholesalers.
Financial activities employment continued to decrease in May (-30,000).
Securities lost 10,000 jobs and real estate lost 9,000. Employment in
credit intermediation continued to trend down, although the May job loss
was well below the average job loss for the prior 6 months. Employment
in information decreased by 24,000 in May.
Health care employment increased by 24,000 in May, about in line with
its average monthly job growth so far in 2009. Employment in government
changed little in May.
The change in total nonfarm employment for March was revised from
-699,000 to -652,000, and the change for April was revised from -539,000
to -504,000.
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
In May, the average workweek for production and nonsupervisory workers
on private nonfarm payrolls edged down by 0.1 hour to 33.1 hours, season-
ally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek decreased by 0.2 hour to 39.3
hours, and factory overtime was unchanged at 2.7 hours. (See table B-2.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls fell by 0.7 percent in May. The manu-
facturing index declined by 2.1 percent over the month. (See table B-5.)
Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
In May, average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls were essentially unchanged at $18.54,
seasonally adjusted. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings
increased by 3.1 percent, while average weekly earnings rose by only 1.2
percent, reflecting a decline in the average workweek. (See table B-3.)
______________________________
The Employment Situation for June 2009 is scheduled to be released on
Thursday, July 2, at 8:30 A.M. (EDT).
- 5 -
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates
Why are there two monthly measures of employment?
The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based
estimates of employment and both have strengths and limitations. The estab-
lishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on the mea-
surement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its
much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of 107,000 is
statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for
a statistically significant change in the household survey is about 400,000.
However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establish-
ment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers,
agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the
establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of
employment for demographic groups.
Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?
Neither the establishment nor household survey is designed to identify the
legal status of workers. Thus, while it is likely that both surveys include
at least some undocumented immigrants, it is not possible to determine how many
are counted in either survey. The household survey does include questions about
whether respondents were born outside the United States. Data from these ques-
tions show that foreign-born workers accounted for 15.6 percent of the labor
force in 2008.
Why does the establishment survey have revisions?
The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data
series by incorporating additional information that was not available at the
time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey
revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding
2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the
survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on
the monthly revisions, please visit http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.
On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark
revision that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts
available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps
to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more
information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit http://www.bls.
gov/web/cesbmart.htm.
Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?
Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of busi-
ness establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sam-
ple is designed to maximize the reliability of the total nonfarm employment esti-
mate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled to
achieve that goal.
- 6 -
Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?
Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account
for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The
adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs
impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net
impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this
purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into
the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its
appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new
businesses to the survey twice a year.
Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving
unemployment insurance benefits?
No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of
households. All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and
available to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary
layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no
requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the
monthly survey.
Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for
work?
Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force
who want a job, including those who have stopped looking because they believe no
jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of
labor underutilization (discouraged workers and other groups not officially
counted as unemployed) are published each month in the Employment Situation news
release.
- 7 -
Technical Note
This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the informa-
tion on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the
A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 house-
holds conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics
(BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on the employment,
hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that appears in the
B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from
payroll records by BLS in cooperation with state agencies. The sample
includes about 160,000 businesses and government agencies covering ap-
proximately 400,000 individual worksites. The active sample includes
about one-third of all nonfarm payroll workers. The sample is drawn
from a sampling frame of unemployment insurance tax accounts.
For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week
or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is generally
the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establish-
ment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th,
which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys
Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire
civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of
questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over
in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the
labor force.
People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid
employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, pro-
fession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours
in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they
were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons.
People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following
criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were
available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find
employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference
week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be
looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data
derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility
for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.
The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force.
The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor
force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent
of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a
percent of the population.
- 8 -
Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from pri-
vate nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate
only to production workers in the goods-producing sector and nonsupervisory
workers in the service-providing sector. Industries are classified on the
basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2007 version of
the North American Industry Classification System.
Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and method-
ological differences between the household and establishment surveys result
in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the sur-
veys. Among these are:
--The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed,
unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed.
These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.
--The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
The establishment survey does not.
--The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
The establishment survey is not limited by age.
--The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because in-
dividuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In
the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus
appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each
appearance.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the
levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to
such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The ef-
fect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal fluctua-
tions may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes
in unemployment.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by ad-
justing the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make non-
seasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases
in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For
example, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is
likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May,
making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen
or declined. However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be adjusted
to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made
correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to ana-
lyze changes in economic activity.
- 9 -
Most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the
household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many
major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most super-
sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating in-
dependently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is
derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components;
this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by di-
rectly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more
detailed age categories.
For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated
each month, using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the
current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to
adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however,
new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent
monthly estimates. In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made
once a year.
Reliability of the estimates
Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject
to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the en-
tire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates
may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact
difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample
selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the
estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 stand-
ard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error.
BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total
employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or minus
430,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases by 100,000
from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the
monthly change would range from -330,000 to 530,000 (100,000 +/- 430,000).
These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these
magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the
"true" over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this range
includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
employment had, in fact, increased. If, however, the reported employment
rise was half a million, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely
(at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise had, in fact, oc-
curred. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent con-
fidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment is about +/- 280,000,
and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- .19
percentage point.
In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have
lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates
which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of esti-
mates is also improved when the data are cumulated over time such as for
quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal adjustment process can also im-
prove the stability of the monthly estimates.
- 10 -
The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling
error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons, including the failure
to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for
all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to
provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
and errors made in the collection or processing of the data.
For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent
2 months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for this reason,
these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after
two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample
reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final.
Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is
the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new
firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth,
an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business
births. The first component uses business deaths to impute employment for
business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based link relative
estimate procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of busi-
ness, but imputing to them the same trend as the other firms in the sample.
The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation.
The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was de-
rived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and
reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past five
years.
The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted
once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment
obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program.
The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the
March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a
rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, absolute
benchmark revisions for total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.2 percent,
with a range from 0.1 percent to 0.6 percent.
Other information
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; TDD message referral
phone: 1-800-877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1)
Employment status, sex, and age
May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population......... 233,405 235,271 235,452 233,405 234,739 234,913 235,086 235,271 235,452
Civilian labor force....................... 154,003 153,834 154,336 154,510 153,716 154,214 154,048 154,731 155,081
Participation rate................... 66.0 65.4 65.5 66.2 65.5 65.6 65.5 65.8 65.9
Employed................................. 145,927 140,586 140,363 145,974 142,099 141,748 140,887 141,007 140,570
Employment-population ratio.......... 62.5 59.8 59.6 62.5 60.5 60.3 59.9 59.9 59.7
Unemployed............................... 8,076 13,248 13,973 8,536 11,616 12,467 13,161 13,724 14,511
Unemployment rate.................... 5.2 8.6 9.1 5.5 7.6 8.1 8.5 8.9 9.4
Not in labor force......................... 79,402 81,437 81,116 78,895 81,023 80,699 81,038 80,541 80,371
Persons who currently want a job......... 5,393 5,868 6,612 4,813 5,643 5,645 5,814 5,935 5,861
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population......... 112,912 113,857 113,953 112,912 113,573 113,666 113,758 113,857 113,953
Civilian labor force....................... 82,443 81,878 82,408 82,627 81,863 81,994 81,804 82,358 82,724
Participation rate................... 73.0 71.9 72.3 73.2 72.1 72.1 71.9 72.3 72.6
Employed................................. 77,983 73,771 74,009 77,932 75,092 74,777 74,053 74,116 74,033
Employment-population ratio.......... 69.1 64.8 64.9 69.0 66.1 65.8 65.1 65.1 65.0
Unemployed............................... 4,459 8,107 8,399 4,695 6,771 7,217 7,751 8,242 8,691
Unemployment rate.................... 5.4 9.9 10.2 5.7 8.3 8.8 9.5 10.0 10.5
Not in labor force......................... 30,470 31,979 31,545 30,285 31,710 31,672 31,954 31,498 31,229
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population......... 104,258 105,196 105,299 104,258 104,902 104,999 105,095 105,196 105,299
Civilian labor force....................... 78,859 78,811 79,156 78,913 78,585 78,687 78,578 79,081 79,395
Participation rate................... 75.6 74.9 75.2 75.7 74.9 74.9 74.8 75.2 75.4
Employed................................. 75,152 71,468 71,645 74,992 72,613 72,293 71,655 71,678 71,593
Employment-population ratio.......... 72.1 67.9 68.0 71.9 69.2 68.9 68.2 68.1 68.0
Unemployed............................... 3,708 7,343 7,511 3,921 5,972 6,394 6,923 7,403 7,802
Unemployment rate.................... 4.7 9.3 9.5 5.0 7.6 8.1 8.8 9.4 9.8
Not in labor force......................... 25,399 26,386 26,144 25,345 26,318 26,312 26,516 26,115 25,904
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population......... 120,493 121,415 121,499 120,493 121,166 121,247 121,328 121,415 121,499
Civilian labor force....................... 71,560 71,956 71,929 71,883 71,853 72,220 72,244 72,372 72,357
Participation rate................... 59.4 59.3 59.2 59.7 59.3 59.6 59.5 59.6 59.6
Employed................................. 67,943 66,815 66,354 68,042 67,007 66,970 66,834 66,890 66,537
Employment-population ratio.......... 56.4 55.0 54.6 56.5 55.3 55.2 55.1 55.1 54.8
Unemployed............................... 3,617 5,141 5,574 3,841 4,845 5,250 5,410 5,482 5,820
Unemployment rate.................... 5.1 7.1 7.7 5.3 6.7 7.3 7.5 7.6 8.0
Not in labor force......................... 48,932 49,458 49,570 48,610 49,313 49,027 49,084 49,042 49,142
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population......... 112,083 112,999 113,089 112,083 112,738 112,824 112,908 112,999 113,089
Civilian labor force....................... 68,124 68,957 68,751 68,367 68,584 68,917 68,977 69,148 69,112
Participation rate................... 60.8 61.0 60.8 61.0 60.8 61.1 61.1 61.2 61.1
Employed................................. 65,115 64,318 63,809 65,114 64,298 64,271 64,148 64,226 63,895
Employment-population ratio.......... 58.1 56.9 56.4 58.1 57.0 57.0 56.8 56.8 56.5
Unemployed............................... 3,008 4,639 4,942 3,252 4,286 4,646 4,828 4,922 5,217
Unemployment rate.................... 4.4 6.7 7.2 4.8 6.2 6.7 7.0 7.1 7.5
Not in labor force......................... 43,959 44,041 44,338 43,716 44,154 43,907 43,931 43,850 43,976
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population......... 17,064 17,076 17,064 17,064 17,098 17,090 17,083 17,076 17,064
Civilian labor force....................... 7,020 6,066 6,430 7,231 6,547 6,610 6,493 6,501 6,573
Participation rate................... 41.1 35.5 37.7 42.4 38.3 38.7 38.0 38.1 38.5
Employed................................. 5,660 4,799 4,910 5,868 5,188 5,184 5,083 5,103 5,082
Employment-population ratio.......... 33.2 28.1 28.8 34.4 30.3 30.3 29.8 29.9 29.8
Unemployed............................... 1,360 1,267 1,520 1,363 1,359 1,427 1,410 1,398 1,491
Unemployment rate.................... 19.4 20.9 23.6 18.9 20.8 21.6 21.7 21.5 22.7
Not in labor force......................... 10,044 11,010 10,634 9,834 10,551 10,480 10,590 10,575 10,491
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and
seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1)
Employment status, race, sex, and age
May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population......... 189,281 190,552 190,667 189,281 190,225 190,331 190,436 190,552 190,667
Civilian labor force....................... 125,415 125,316 125,841 125,759 125,312 125,703 125,599 126,110 126,423
Participation rate..................... 66.3 65.8 66.0 66.4 65.9 66.0 66.0 66.2 66.3
Employed................................. 119,603 115,587 115,444 119,611 116,692 116,481 115,693 115,977 115,561
Employment-population ratio............ 63.2 60.7 60.5 63.2 61.3 61.2 60.8 60.9 60.6
Unemployed............................... 5,812 9,729 10,398 6,148 8,621 9,222 9,906 10,133 10,862
Unemployment rate...................... 4.6 7.8 8.3 4.9 6.9 7.3 7.9 8.0 8.6
Not in labor force......................... 63,866 65,235 64,826 63,523 64,913 64,628 64,837 64,441 64,244
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force....................... 65,416 65,298 65,631 65,392 65,126 65,180 65,032 65,509 65,766
Participation rate..................... 76.1 75.4 75.7 76.1 75.4 75.4 75.2 75.7 75.9
Employed................................. 62,671 59,847 59,932 62,476 60,683 60,361 59,811 59,967 59,820
Employment-population ratio............ 72.9 69.1 69.2 72.7 70.2 69.8 69.1 69.3 69.0
Unemployed............................... 2,744 5,451 5,699 2,916 4,443 4,819 5,221 5,543 5,946
Unemployment rate...................... 4.2 8.3 8.7 4.5 6.8 7.4 8.0 8.5 9.0
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force....................... 54,230 55,033 54,875 54,434 54,786 54,967 55,115 55,227 55,192
Participation rate..................... 60.1 60.5 60.3 60.3 60.4 60.5 60.7 60.8 60.7
Employed................................. 52,159 51,692 51,303 52,182 51,601 51,624 51,519 51,695 51,385
Employment-population ratio............ 57.8 56.9 56.4 57.8 56.9 56.9 56.7 56.9 56.5
Unemployed............................... 2,071 3,341 3,573 2,252 3,185 3,344 3,596 3,533 3,807
Unemployment rate...................... 3.8 6.1 6.5 4.1 5.8 6.1 6.5 6.4 6.9
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force....................... 5,769 4,986 5,335 5,933 5,400 5,556 5,452 5,374 5,465
Participation rate..................... 44.1 38.2 40.9 45.4 41.3 42.5 41.7 41.1 41.9
Employed................................. 4,772 4,049 4,209 4,953 4,408 4,497 4,363 4,316 4,356
Employment-population ratio............ 36.5 31.0 32.2 37.9 33.7 34.4 33.4 33.0 33.4
Unemployed............................... 996 937 1,126 980 993 1,059 1,089 1,058 1,108
Unemployment rate...................... 17.3 18.8 21.1 16.5 18.4 19.1 20.0 19.7 20.3
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population......... 27,780 28,153 28,184 27,780 28,052 28,085 28,118 28,153 28,184
Civilian labor force....................... 17,676 17,670 17,649 17,737 17,791 17,703 17,542 17,816 17,737
Participation rate..................... 63.6 62.8 62.6 63.8 63.4 63.0 62.4 63.3 62.9
Employed................................. 16,015 15,119 15,047 16,009 15,546 15,336 15,212 15,142 15,095
Employment-population ratio............ 57.6 53.7 53.4 57.6 55.4 54.6 54.1 53.8 53.6
Unemployed............................... 1,661 2,551 2,603 1,728 2,245 2,368 2,330 2,673 2,642
Unemployment rate...................... 9.4 14.4 14.7 9.7 12.6 13.4 13.3 15.0 14.9
Not in labor force......................... 10,105 10,483 10,534 10,043 10,261 10,382 10,576 10,337 10,446
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force....................... 7,880 7,932 7,939 7,917 7,979 7,949 7,917 7,990 8,000
Participation rate..................... 70.6 70.0 70.0 70.9 70.7 70.4 70.0 70.5 70.5
Employed................................. 7,182 6,567 6,621 7,192 6,850 6,762 6,700 6,620 6,656
Employment-population ratio............ 64.3 58.0 58.3 64.4 60.7 59.9 59.2 58.4 58.7
Unemployed............................... 698 1,365 1,319 725 1,129 1,187 1,218 1,370 1,345
Unemployment rate...................... 8.9 17.2 16.6 9.2 14.1 14.9 15.4 17.2 16.8
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force....................... 8,988 9,023 8,987 8,997 9,022 9,006 8,932 9,064 9,000
Participation rate..................... 64.5 63.9 63.5 64.5 64.1 63.9 63.3 64.1 63.6
Employed................................. 8,284 8,076 7,993 8,260 8,194 8,115 8,045 8,025 7,993
Employment-population ratio............ 59.4 57.2 56.5 59.2 58.2 57.6 57.0 56.8 56.5
Unemployed............................... 704 947 995 737 828 890 887 1,038 1,007
Unemployment rate...................... 7.8 10.5 11.1 8.2 9.2 9.9 9.9 11.5 11.2
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force....................... 808 714 723 823 790 749 692 762 736
Participation rate..................... 30.2 26.5 26.9 30.8 29.4 27.8 25.7 28.3 27.4
Employed................................. 548 475 433 557 502 459 467 497 446
Employment-population ratio............ 20.5 17.7 16.1 20.8 18.6 17.0 17.4 18.5 16.6
Unemployed............................... 259 239 290 266 288 290 225 265 290
Unemployment rate...................... 32.1 33.5 40.1 32.3 36.5 38.8 32.5 34.7 39.4
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population......... 10,669 10,788 10,855 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Civilian labor force....................... 7,156 7,128 7,170 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Participation rate..................... 67.1 66.1 66.1 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Employed................................. 6,881 6,659 6,690 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Employment-population ratio............ 64.5 61.7 61.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Unemployed............................... 275 469 480 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Unemployment rate...................... 3.8 6.6 6.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Not in labor force......................... 3,513 3,660 3,685 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and
seasonally adjusted columns.
2 Data not available.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races.
Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1)
Employment status, sex, and age
May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population......... 31,998 32,671 32,753 31,998 32,417 32,501 32,585 32,671 32,753
Civilian labor force....................... 22,104 22,317 22,299 22,125 21,931 22,100 22,175 22,376 22,438
Participation rate..................... 69.1 68.3 68.1 69.1 67.7 68.0 68.1 68.5 68.5
Employed................................. 20,699 19,895 19,673 20,565 19,800 19,684 19,640 19,854 19,595
Employment-population ratio............ 64.7 60.9 60.1 64.3 61.1 60.6 60.3 60.8 59.8
Unemployed............................... 1,405 2,422 2,626 1,560 2,132 2,416 2,536 2,521 2,843
Unemployment rate...................... 6.4 10.9 11.8 7.0 9.7 10.9 11.4 11.3 12.7
Not in labor force......................... 9,894 10,354 10,455 9,873 10,486 10,401 10,410 10,295 10,315
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force....................... 12,627 12,698 12,739 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Participation rate..................... 84.7 83.6 83.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Employed................................. 11,893 11,407 11,330 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Employment-population ratio............ 79.8 75.1 74.4 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Unemployed............................... 734 1,291 1,409 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Unemployment rate...................... 5.8 10.2 11.1 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force....................... 8,346 8,601 8,510 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Participation rate..................... 59.3 59.9 59.1 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Employed................................. 7,874 7,740 7,619 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Employment-population ratio............ 56.0 53.9 52.9 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Unemployed............................... 473 860 891 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Unemployment rate...................... 5.7 10.0 10.5 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force....................... 1,131 1,018 1,050 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Participation rate..................... 37.4 32.8 33.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Employed................................. 933 748 724 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Employment-population ratio............ 30.8 24.1 23.3 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Unemployed............................... 198 270 326 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Unemployment rate...................... 17.5 26.5 31.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and
seasonally adjusted columns.
2 Data not available.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced
annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Educational attainment
May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force......................... 12,423 12,180 12,402 12,139 12,024 11,955 11,997 12,027 12,210
Participation rate....................... 46.5 46.2 46.6 45.4 45.9 46.4 45.7 45.7 45.9
Employed................................... 11,512 10,399 10,667 11,117 10,577 10,445 10,399 10,251 10,321
Employment-population ratio.............. 43.1 39.5 40.1 41.6 40.4 40.5 39.6 38.9 38.8
Unemployed................................. 911 1,781 1,736 1,022 1,446 1,510 1,598 1,776 1,889
Unemployment rate........................ 7.3 14.6 14.0 8.4 12.0 12.6 13.3 14.8 15.5
High school graduates, no college (1)
Civilian labor force......................... 38,198 38,300 38,436 38,219 38,675 38,463 38,434 38,687 38,757
Participation rate....................... 62.6 62.4 62.6 62.6 62.4 62.2 62.3 63.0 63.1
Employed................................... 36,387 34,733 34,827 36,233 35,599 35,270 34,981 35,086 34,881
Employment-population ratio.............. 59.6 56.6 56.7 59.3 57.4 57.1 56.7 57.1 56.8
Unemployed................................. 1,811 3,568 3,609 1,987 3,075 3,193 3,454 3,601 3,875
Unemployment rate........................ 4.7 9.3 9.4 5.2 8.0 8.3 9.0 9.3 10.0
Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force......................... 36,565 36,917 36,621 36,719 36,693 37,362 36,921 36,959 36,860
Participation rate....................... 72.0 71.6 71.2 72.3 72.0 72.1 71.8 71.7 71.7
Employed................................... 35,101 34,169 33,914 35,152 34,433 34,738 34,267 34,207 34,013
Employment-population ratio.............. 69.1 66.3 66.0 69.2 67.6 67.1 66.6 66.4 66.2
Unemployed................................. 1,464 2,748 2,707 1,566 2,260 2,624 2,653 2,752 2,847
Unemployment rate........................ 4.0 7.4 7.4 4.3 6.2 7.0 7.2 7.4 7.7
Bachelor's degree and higher (2)
Civilian labor force......................... 44,612 45,377 45,438 44,539 45,208 45,027 45,401 45,442 45,500
Participation rate....................... 77.8 77.6 77.7 77.6 77.8 77.6 78.1 77.7 77.8
Employed................................... 43,673 43,547 43,368 43,535 43,474 43,177 43,431 43,466 43,332
Employment-population ratio.............. 76.1 74.5 74.1 75.9 74.8 74.4 74.7 74.4 74.1
Unemployed................................. 939 1,831 2,070 1,004 1,735 1,850 1,970 1,977 2,167
Unemployment rate........................ 2.1 4.0 4.6 2.3 3.8 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.8
1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
2 Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Category
May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries........... 2,160 2,087 2,205 2,136 2,149 2,148 2,050 2,134 2,173
Wage and salary workers.................... 1,264 1,164 1,278 1,247 1,233 1,244 1,167 1,209 1,256
Self-employed workers...................... 865 894 901 849 903 875 875 887 882
Unpaid family workers...................... 31 29 26 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Nonagricultural industries................... 143,767 138,498 138,158 143,830 139,952 139,579 138,842 138,828 138,296
Wage and salary workers.................... 134,164 129,381 128,997 134,328 131,110 130,465 129,478 129,724 129,298
Government............................... 21,601 21,548 21,607 21,253 21,237 21,192 20,904 21,211 21,247
Private industries....................... 112,563 107,832 107,389 113,063 109,997 109,311 108,674 108,555 108,054
Private households..................... 774 716 779 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Other industries....................... 111,789 107,116 106,610 112,271 109,217 108,574 107,898 107,813 107,238
Self-employed workers...................... 9,470 9,063 9,099 9,383 8,816 8,962 9,184 9,052 8,990
Unpaid family workers...................... 132 54 63 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME (2)
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons............. 5,096 8,648 8,785 5,290 7,839 8,626 9,049 8,910 9,084
Slack work or business conditions........ 3,560 6,533 6,647 3,658 5,766 6,443 6,857 6,699 6,794
Could only find part-time work........... 1,264 1,852 1,898 1,305 1,667 1,764 1,839 1,810 1,922
Part time for noneconomic reasons.......... 19,708 19,644 19,111 19,396 18,864 18,855 18,833 19,065 18,872
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons............. 5,046 8,556 8,663 5,218 7,705 8,543 8,942 8,826 8,928
Slack work or business conditions........ 3,522 6,462 6,552 3,599 5,660 6,390 6,773 6,650 6,681
Could only find part-time work........... 1,261 1,842 1,886 1,297 1,658 1,760 1,850 1,802 1,909
Part time for noneconomic reasons.......... 19,350 19,282 18,783 18,997 18,567 18,562 18,493 18,661 18,502
1 Data not available.
2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as
vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full time but worked
only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent
seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Selected employment indicators
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Characteristic
May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over..................... 145,927 140,586 140,363 145,974 142,099 141,748 140,887 141,007 140,570
16 to 19 years............................. 5,660 4,799 4,910 5,868 5,188 5,184 5,083 5,103 5,082
16 to 17 years........................... 1,919 1,585 1,704 2,048 1,741 1,854 1,755 1,737 1,795
18 to 19 years........................... 3,741 3,214 3,206 3,790 3,441 3,348 3,300 3,353 3,260
20 years and over.......................... 140,267 135,786 135,453 140,106 136,911 136,564 135,804 135,904 135,488
20 to 24 years........................... 13,595 12,939 12,678 13,696 13,050 13,157 13,090 13,090 12,842
25 years and over........................ 126,672 122,847 122,775 126,372 123,911 123,302 122,662 122,838 122,650
25 to 54 years......................... 99,993 95,761 95,461 99,746 96,693 96,255 95,720 95,805 95,394
25 to 34 years....................... 31,573 30,092 29,936 31,524 30,449 30,369 30,211 30,140 29,955
35 to 44 years....................... 33,820 31,811 31,764 33,689 32,308 31,999 31,746 31,770 31,681
45 to 54 years....................... 34,601 33,859 33,761 34,533 33,936 33,888 33,763 33,896 33,758
55 years and over...................... 26,679 27,086 27,314 26,626 27,218 27,047 26,942 27,032 27,256
Men, 16 years and over....................... 77,983 73,771 74,009 77,932 75,092 74,777 74,053 74,116 74,033
16 to 19 years............................. 2,832 2,303 2,364 2,940 2,479 2,484 2,398 2,438 2,440
16 to 17 years........................... 927 747 821 988 818 837 803 817 851
18 to 19 years........................... 1,904 1,555 1,543 1,944 1,654 1,640 1,579 1,635 1,580
20 years and over.......................... 75,152 71,468 71,645 74,992 72,613 72,293 71,655 71,678 71,593
20 to 24 years........................... 7,215 6,612 6,531 7,232 6,723 6,784 6,656 6,701 6,574
25 years and over........................ 67,937 64,856 65,113 67,746 65,879 65,479 65,031 64,960 65,001
25 to 54 years......................... 53,797 50,700 50,743 53,640 51,480 51,125 50,865 50,802 50,672
25 to 34 years....................... 17,357 16,122 16,090 17,300 16,461 16,449 16,288 16,199 16,082
35 to 44 years....................... 18,210 17,024 17,034 18,150 17,452 17,144 17,027 17,027 17,002
45 to 54 years....................... 18,230 17,555 17,618 18,190 17,567 17,532 17,550 17,576 17,588
55 years and over...................... 14,140 14,156 14,371 14,106 14,399 14,354 14,166 14,157 14,329
Women, 16 years and over..................... 67,943 66,815 66,354 68,042 67,007 66,970 66,834 66,890 66,537
16 to 19 years............................. 2,828 2,497 2,546 2,928 2,709 2,699 2,685 2,664 2,642
16 to 17 years........................... 992 838 883 1,060 923 1,017 952 920 944
18 to 19 years........................... 1,836 1,659 1,663 1,846 1,787 1,708 1,721 1,718 1,681
20 years and over.......................... 65,115 64,318 63,809 65,114 64,298 64,271 64,148 64,226 63,895
20 to 24 years........................... 6,380 6,327 6,146 6,464 6,327 6,372 6,434 6,389 6,268
25 years and over........................ 58,736 57,991 57,662 58,627 58,032 57,823 57,631 57,878 57,649
25 to 54 years......................... 46,196 45,061 44,719 46,106 45,213 45,131 44,855 45,003 44,722
25 to 34 years....................... 14,216 13,970 13,846 14,224 13,988 13,920 13,922 13,941 13,873
35 to 44 years....................... 15,610 14,787 14,730 15,539 14,856 14,855 14,719 14,742 14,679
45 to 54 years....................... 16,370 16,304 16,143 16,343 16,369 16,356 16,214 16,320 16,170
55 years and over...................... 12,540 12,930 12,943 12,521 12,819 12,693 12,776 12,875 12,927
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present.................. 46,024 44,470 44,337 45,871 44,712 44,502 44,470 44,469 44,255
Married women, spouse present................ 36,298 35,668 35,589 36,122 35,375 35,563 35,481 35,444 35,391
Women who maintain families.................. 9,189 8,951 8,928 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers (2) ....................... 120,809 112,746 113,083 120,909 115,794 114,853 113,665 113,725 113,318
Part-time workers (3) ....................... 25,117 27,840 27,280 25,028 26,200 26,590 26,963 27,066 27,195
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders.................... 7,653 7,781 7,265 7,685 7,441 7,626 7,656 7,748 7,292
Percent of total employed................ 5.2 5.5 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.2
1 Data not available.
2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent
seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons Unemployment rates (1)
(in thousands)
Characteristic
May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over..................... 8,536 13,724 14,511 5.5 7.6 8.1 8.5 8.9 9.4
16 to 19 years............................. 1,363 1,398 1,491 18.9 20.8 21.6 21.7 21.5 22.7
16 to 17 years........................... 560 520 548 21.5 21.4 22.9 23.7 23.0 23.4
18 to 19 years........................... 810 908 966 17.6 20.2 21.0 20.9 21.3 22.9
20 years and over.......................... 7,173 12,326 13,019 4.9 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.3 8.8
20 to 24 years........................... 1,581 2,258 2,265 10.3 12.1 12.9 14.0 14.7 15.0
25 years and over........................ 5,554 9,999 10,740 4.2 6.4 6.9 7.2 7.5 8.1
25 to 54 years......................... 4,650 8,139 8,777 4.5 6.7 7.2 7.6 7.8 8.4
25 to 34 years....................... 1,791 3,229 3,514 5.4 7.9 8.7 9.0 9.7 10.5
35 to 44 years....................... 1,509 2,580 2,789 4.3 6.5 6.8 7.2 7.5 8.1
45 to 54 years....................... 1,350 2,330 2,474 3.8 5.9 6.2 6.6 6.4 6.8
55 years and over...................... 915 1,849 1,961 3.3 5.2 5.6 6.2 6.4 6.7
Men, 16 years and over....................... 4,695 8,242 8,691 5.7 8.3 8.8 9.5 10.0 10.5
16 to 19 years............................. 774 839 889 20.8 24.4 24.9 25.7 25.6 26.7
16 to 17 years........................... 308 291 301 23.7 26.5 26.5 28.2 26.3 26.1
18 to 19 years........................... 480 555 609 19.8 22.8 24.7 24.6 25.3 27.8
20 years and over.......................... 3,921 7,403 7,802 5.0 7.6 8.1 8.8 9.4 9.8
20 to 24 years........................... 902 1,424 1,395 11.1 14.1 14.6 16.7 17.5 17.5
25 years and over........................ 3,016 5,911 6,395 4.3 6.9 7.5 7.9 8.3 9.0
25 to 54 years......................... 2,509 4,889 5,320 4.5 7.3 7.9 8.3 8.8 9.5
25 to 34 years....................... 1,013 2,026 2,162 5.5 8.8 9.5 10.1 11.1 11.9
35 to 44 years....................... 791 1,516 1,691 4.2 6.6 7.2 7.7 8.2 9.0
45 to 54 years....................... 705 1,347 1,468 3.7 6.7 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.7
55 years and over...................... 507 1,022 1,074 3.5 5.3 6.0 6.3 6.7 7.0
Women, 16 years and over..................... 3,841 5,482 5,820 5.3 6.7 7.3 7.5 7.6 8.0
16 to 19 years............................. 589 560 602 16.7 17.1 18.3 17.8 17.4 18.6
16 to 17 years........................... 252 229 247 19.2 16.2 19.8 19.4 19.9 20.7
18 to 19 years........................... 330 353 358 15.2 17.5 17.0 17.2 17.1 17.5
20 years and over.......................... 3,252 4,922 5,217 4.8 6.2 6.7 7.0 7.1 7.5
20 to 24 years........................... 679 834 870 9.5 10.0 10.9 11.0 11.5 12.2
25 years and over........................ 2,538 4,088 4,345 4.1 5.8 6.2 6.5 6.6 7.0
25 to 54 years......................... 2,141 3,250 3,457 4.4 6.0 6.4 6.7 6.7 7.2
25 to 34 years....................... 778 1,203 1,352 5.2 6.8 7.7 7.6 7.9 8.9
35 to 44 years....................... 717 1,064 1,098 4.4 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.7 7.0
45 to 54 years....................... 645 983 1,007 3.8 5.0 5.3 6.1 5.7 5.9
55 years and over (2) ................. 357 745 791 2.8 5.4 5.3 5.8 5.4 5.8
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present.................. 1,395 2,986 3,219 3.0 5.0 5.5 5.8 6.3 6.8
Married women, spouse present................ 1,194 2,077 2,136 3.2 4.7 5.1 5.4 5.5 5.7
Women who maintain families (2) ............. 683 999 1,102 6.9 10.3 10.3 10.8 10.0 11.0
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers (3) ....................... 7,049 12,037 12,802 5.5 8.0 8.6 9.2 9.6 10.2
Part-time workers (4) ....................... 1,458 1,744 1,737 5.5 5.9 5.8 5.9 6.1 6.0
1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
2 Not seasonally adjusted.
3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff
from full-time jobs.
4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on
layoff from part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent
seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Reason
May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs.............................. 3,949 8,687 8,930 4,319 6,980 7,696 8,243 8,814 9,546
On temporary layoff........................ 856 1,586 1,459 1,121 1,441 1,488 1,557 1,625 1,832
Not on temporary layoff.................... 3,094 7,101 7,471 3,197 5,539 6,208 6,686 7,189 7,714
Permanent job losers..................... 2,220 5,853 6,140 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Persons who completed temporary jobs..... 874 1,248 1,331 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Job leavers.................................. 819 842 851 881 917 820 887 890 910
Reentrants................................... 2,515 2,932 3,236 2,522 2,751 2,834 2,974 3,087 3,180
New entrants................................. 793 788 956 832 780 1,005 868 900 956
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed............................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs............................. 48.9 65.6 63.9 50.5 61.1 62.3 63.5 64.4 65.4
On temporary layoff....................... 10.6 12.0 10.4 13.1 12.6 12.0 12.0 11.9 12.6
Not on temporary layoff................... 38.3 53.6 53.5 37.4 48.5 50.2 51.5 52.5 52.9
Job leavers................................. 10.1 6.4 6.1 10.3 8.0 6.6 6.8 6.5 6.2
Reentrants.................................. 31.1 22.1 23.2 29.5 24.1 22.9 22.9 22.5 21.8
New entrants................................ 9.8 5.9 6.8 9.7 6.8 8.1 6.7 6.6 6.6
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs............................. 2.6 5.6 5.8 2.8 4.5 5.0 5.4 5.7 6.2
Job leavers................................. .5 .5 .6 .6 .6 .5 .6 .6 .6
Reentrants.................................. 1.6 1.9 2.1 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1
New entrants................................ .5 .5 .6 .5 .5 .7 .6 .6 .6
1 Data not available.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Duration
May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks...................................... 3,222 2,855 3,192 3,257 3,658 3,404 3,371 3,346 3,275
5 to 14 weeks.......................................... 2,035 3,526 3,633 2,478 3,519 3,969 4,041 3,982 4,321
15 weeks and over...................................... 2,819 6,867 7,148 2,808 4,634 5,264 5,715 6,211 7,002
15 to 26 weeks...................................... 1,263 2,966 3,179 1,238 1,987 2,347 2,534 2,531 3,054
27 weeks and over................................... 1,557 3,901 3,969 1,570 2,647 2,917 3,182 3,680 3,948
Average (mean) duration, in weeks...................... 17.0 23.4 23.1 16.8 19.8 19.8 20.1 21.4 22.5
Median duration, in weeks.............................. 8.2 15.4 15.1 8.3 10.3 11.0 11.2 12.5 14.9
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed....................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Less than 5 weeks.................................... 39.9 21.5 22.8 38.1 31.0 26.9 25.7 24.7 22.4
5 to 14 weeks........................................ 25.2 26.6 26.0 29.0 29.8 31.4 30.8 29.4 29.6
15 weeks and over.................................... 34.9 51.8 51.2 32.9 39.2 41.7 43.5 45.9 48.0
15 to 26 weeks..................................... 15.6 22.4 22.8 14.5 16.8 18.6 19.3 18.7 20.9
27 weeks and over.................................. 19.3 29.4 28.4 18.4 22.4 23.1 24.2 27.2 27.0
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployment
Employed Unemployed rates
Occupation
May May May May May May
2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009
Total, 16 years and over (1) ..................... 145,927 140,363 8,076 13,973 5.2 9.1
Management, professional, and related occupations...... 52,544 52,256 1,407 2,373 2.6 4.3
Management, business, and financial operations
occupations......................................... 21,822 21,368 610 1,032 2.7 4.6
Professional and related occupations................. 30,722 30,888 796 1,341 2.5 4.2
Service occupations.................................... 24,679 24,884 1,648 2,578 6.3 9.4
Sales and office occupations........................... 35,589 33,854 1,779 3,115 4.8 8.4
Sales and related occupations........................ 16,167 15,627 861 1,528 5.1 8.9
Office and administrative support occupations........ 19,422 18,227 918 1,587 4.5 8.0
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations........................................... 14,876 13,445 1,207 2,398 7.5 15.1
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations........... 1,008 1,004 80 111 7.3 10.0
Construction and extraction occupations.............. 8,684 7,339 907 1,796 9.5 19.7
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations.... 5,184 5,103 220 491 4.1 8.8
Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations........................................... 18,238 15,923 1,228 2,517 6.3 13.7
Production occupations............................... 9,136 7,557 653 1,396 6.7 15.6
Transportation and material moving occupations....... 9,103 8,366 575 1,122 5.9 11.8
1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed Unemployment
persons rates
Industry and class of worker (in thousands)
May May May May
2008 2009 2008 2009
Total, 16 years and over (1) ................... 8,076 13,973 5.2 9.1
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers........ 6,362 11,649 5.3 9.8
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction........ 28 98 3.4 13.3
Construction......................................... 809 1,768 8.6 19.2
Manufacturing........................................ 879 2,010 5.3 12.6
Durable goods...................................... 565 1,320 5.4 13.2
Nondurable goods................................... 314 690 5.3 11.5
Wholesale and retail trade........................... 1,049 1,835 5.2 9.0
Transportation and utilities......................... 269 506 4.3 8.5
Information.......................................... 170 303 5.0 9.5
Financial activities................................. 361 536 3.7 5.7
Professional and business services................... 829 1,514 5.9 10.9
Education and health services........................ 619 1,005 3.2 4.9
Leisure and hospitality.............................. 1,074 1,599 8.4 11.9
Other services....................................... 275 476 4.4 7.5
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers 94 136 7.4 10.0
Government workers..................................... 461 702 2.1 3.1
Self employed and unpaid family workers................ 366 530 3.4 5.0
1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2009 data, industries
reflect the introduction of the 2007 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification
system is derived from the 2007 North American Industry Classification System. No historical data have been revised.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
(Percent)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Measure
May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent
of the civilian labor force....................... 1.8 4.5 4.6 1.8 3.0 3.4 3.7 4.0 4.5
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary
jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force.... 2.6 5.6 5.8 2.8 4.5 5.0 5.4 5.7 6.2
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian
labor force (official unemployment rate).......... 5.2 8.6 9.1 5.5 7.6 8.1 8.5 8.9 9.4
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a
percent of the civilian labor force plus
discouraged workers............................... 5.5 9.0 9.5 5.8 8.0 8.5 8.9 9.3 9.8
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus
all other marginally attached workers, as a
percent of the civilian labor force plus all
marginally attached workers....................... 6.1 9.8 10.3 6.4 8.8 9.3 9.8 10.1 10.6
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached
workers, plus total employed part time for
economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian
labor force plus all marginally attached workers.. 9.4 15.4 15.9 9.8 13.9 14.8 15.6 15.8 16.4
NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and
are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached,
have given a job-market related reason for not looking currently for a job. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those
who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. For more information, see "BLS
introduces new range of alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. Updated population
controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Total Men Women
Category
May May May May May May
2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force........................... 79,402 81,116 30,470 31,545 48,932 49,570
Persons who currently want a job...................... 5,393 6,612 2,427 3,110 2,966 3,501
Marginally attached to the labor force (1) ......... 1,416 2,210 754 1,165 662 1,046
Reason not currently looking:
Discouragement over job prospects (2) .......... 400 792 260 499 140 294
Reasons other than discouragement (3) .......... 1,016 1,418 494 666 522 752
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders (4) ......................... 7,653 7,265 3,842 3,540 3,812 3,725
Percent of total employed.......................... 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.8 5.6 5.6
Primary job full time, secondary job part time..... 4,205 3,908 2,300 2,034 1,904 1,873
Primary and secondary jobs both part time.......... 1,827 1,832 577 634 1,250 1,199
Primary and secondary jobs both full time.......... 286 231 195 155 91 76
Hours vary on primary or secondary job............. 1,296 1,254 739 691 557 563
1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and were available to take a job during the reference week.
2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of
discrimination.
3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and
transportation problems, as well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Change
Industry May Mar. Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May from:
2008 2009 2009p 2009p 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009p 2009p Apr. 2009-
May 2009p
Total nonfarm......... 138,190 132,077 132,348 132,667 137,517 134,333 133,652 133,000 132,496 132,151 -345
Total private........... 115,314 109,148 109,320 109,663 115,029 111,793 111,105 110,457 109,861 109,523 -338
Goods-producing............. 21,658 19,056 18,986 18,999 21,612 20,127 19,832 19,520 19,246 19,021 -225
Mining and logging.............. 764 739 728 724 763 781 771 754 742 732 -10
Logging...................... 55.5 49.2 47.6 49.5 57.3 55.2 54.5 51.9 51.4 51.6 .2
Mining......................... 708.6 689.3 680.8 674.4 705.5 725.3 716.4 701.9 690.7 680.2 -10.5
Oil and gas extraction........ 158.5 165.2 164.6 165.5 158.8 167.7 167.8 166.9 167.1 167.1 .0
Mining, except oil and gas (1) 230.8 213.5 217.5 221.0 226.3 227.9 225.7 222.8 221.1 219.0 -2.1
Coal mining.................. 78.8 83.2 82.0 80.5 79.2 84.9 84.1 83.3 82.5 81.2 -1.3
Support activities for mining. 319.3 310.6 298.7 287.9 320.4 329.7 322.9 312.2 302.5 294.1 -8.4
Construction.................... 7,352 6,121 6,202 6,331 7,293 6,706 6,593 6,470 6,362 6,303 -59
Construction of buildings..... 1,678.1 1,420.5 1,420.9 1,434.1 1,676.9 1,536.9 1,509.5 1,481.5 1,458.4 1,445.7 -12.7
Residential building......... 849.8 689.3 691.6 697.2 847.4 755.2 741.2 724.2 712.3 701.0 -11.3
Nonresidential building...... 828.3 731.2 729.3 736.9 829.5 781.7 768.3 757.3 746.1 744.7 -1.4
Heavy and civil engineering
construction................. 1,005.3 826.6 864.2 903.4 982.1 926.6 919.0 907.2 889.0 880.3 -8.7
Specialty trade contractors... 4,668.7 3,873.9 3,917.3 3,993.0 4,633.6 4,242.2 4,164.4 4,081.4 4,015.0 3,976.5 -38.5
Residential specialty trade
contractors................. 2,070.4 1,677.3 1,697.7 1,740.1 2,051.4 1,838.3 1,801.2 1,770.3 1,735.9 1,727.7 -8.2
Nonresidential specialty
trade contractors........... 2,598.3 2,196.6 2,219.6 2,252.9 2,582.2 2,403.9 2,363.2 2,311.1 2,279.1 2,248.8 -30.3
Manufacturing................... 13,542 12,196 12,056 11,944 13,556 12,640 12,468 12,296 12,142 11,986 -156
Production workers........... 9,767 8,570 8,472 8,370 9,770 8,946 8,804 8,654 8,531 8,398 -133
Durable goods.................. 8,568 7,575 7,455 7,338 8,567 7,881 7,753 7,620 7,485 7,354 -131
Production workers........... 6,085 5,202 5,115 5,014 6,077 5,458 5,352 5,239 5,128 5,019 -109
Wood products................. 468.5 377.0 377.5 377.0 468.3 403.9 390.4 388.4 383.7 377.1 -6.6
Nonmetallic mineral products.. 476.4 403.8 414.2 411.3 473.0 434.3 425.8 417.0 415.2 409.0 -6.2
Primary metals................ 448.3 385.6 373.3 364.2 447.9 409.3 395.2 386.4 375.4 365.6 -9.8
Fabricated metal products..... 1,539.6 1,362.6 1,334.0 1,316.5 1,544.8 1,425.3 1,399.0 1,370.3 1,343.1 1,324.4 -18.7
Machinery..................... 1,192.6 1,068.7 1,040.9 1,013.3 1,192.2 1,126.0 1,100.8 1,070.5 1,045.3 1,018.9 -26.4
Computer and electronic
products (1) ................ 1,250.1 1,184.5 1,168.1 1,154.5 1,252.8 1,212.9 1,196.9 1,187.1 1,173.1 1,158.7 -14.4
Computer and peripheral
equipment................... 183.6 173.4 167.8 165.2 183.6 180.3 175.5 173.5 168.5 165.3 -3.2
Communications equipment..... 129.0 128.1 128.1 127.4 129.1 129.6 129.0 128.5 128.3 127.7 -.6
Semiconductors and electronic
components.................. 433.5 396.3 388.5 382.8 434.4 410.5 403.3 397.6 390.8 384.9 -5.9
Electronic instruments....... 442.2 430.5 429.1 425.4 443.1 433.8 431.9 430.9 430.3 426.1 -4.2
Electrical equipment and
appliances................... 427.5 387.8 378.7 373.3 428.5 406.1 399.1 389.7 380.5 374.5 -6.0
Transportation equipment (1) . 1,644.1 1,402.9 1,370.5 1,335.8 1,636.6 1,423.5 1,423.7 1,400.4 1,366.5 1,330.6 -35.9
Motor vehicles and parts (2) 905.5 708.3 683.2 651.7 897.2 711.2 718.7 702.8 675.9 646.1 -29.8
Furniture and related products 491.3 405.0 399.7 395.6 491.6 428.6 417.4 408.8 401.3 394.6 -6.7
Miscellaneous manufacturing... 629.4 596.9 598.1 596.3 631.4 611.0 604.5 601.1 601.1 600.1 -1.0
Nondurable goods............... 4,974 4,621 4,601 4,606 4,989 4,759 4,715 4,676 4,657 4,632 -25
Production workers........... 3,682 3,368 3,357 3,356 3,693 3,488 3,452 3,415 3,403 3,379 -24
Food manufacturing............ 1,463.7 1,435.3 1,440.1 1,453.3 1,483.1 1,470.7 1,467.2 1,464.4 1,476.1 1,474.6 -1.5
Beverages and tobacco products 200.9 185.7 186.3 188.8 201.4 194.2 191.3 191.6 190.9 190.1 -.8
Textile mills................. 155.1 127.4 126.7 127.2 154.3 133.6 130.0 128.2 127.8 127.0 -.8
Textile product mills......... 150.2 128.7 126.3 126.4 149.1 137.4 134.2 129.3 127.3 127.2 -.1
Apparel....................... 201.7 172.2 168.4 169.8 200.8 178.9 176.3 173.8 169.9 170.1 .2
Leather and allied products... 33.6 31.5 32.0 31.7 33.6 32.4 31.9 31.7 31.8 31.6 -.2
Paper and paper products...... 449.5 415.2 412.8 408.7 449.8 427.3 422.5 418.3 414.5 409.4 -5.1
Printing and related support
activities................... 601.3 538.8 530.2 529.6 601.2 558.1 549.2 541.5 534.7 531.1 -3.6
Petroleum and coal products... 119.2 111.5 113.5 114.5 117.1 114.2 114.6 114.5 114.4 113.8 -.6
Chemicals..................... 854.3 821.0 815.8 815.5 854.2 832.7 828.2 823.4 819.2 816.6 -2.6
Plastics and rubber products.. 744.3 653.8 649.0 640.4 744.3 679.7 669.3 659.0 650.2 640.4 -9.8
Service-providing........... 116,532 113,021 113,362 113,668 115,905 114,206 113,820 113,480 113,250 113,130 -120
Private service-providing.. 93,656 90,092 90,334 90,664 93,417 91,666 91,273 90,937 90,615 90,502 -113
Trade, transportation, and
utilities...................... 26,447 25,173 25,116 25,232 26,503 25,735 25,605 25,479 25,364 25,310 -54
Wholesale trade................ 5,998.0 5,706.4 5,689.3 5,690.1 5,989.3 5,819.3 5,773.7 5,741.3 5,707.2 5,685.3 -21.9
Durable goods................. 3,078.7 2,884.6 2,862.5 2,858.7 3,078.2 2,959.6 2,926.2 2,899.4 2,874.7 2,860.9 -13.8
Nondurable goods.............. 2,071.0 1,985.1 1,990.7 2,000.8 2,063.7 2,013.9 2,006.6 2,002.5 1,997.3 1,994.4 -2.9
Electronic markets and agents
and brokers.................. 848.3 836.7 836.1 830.6 847.4 845.8 840.9 839.4 835.2 830.0 -5.2
Retail trade...................15,335.2 14,640.4 14,632.8 14,733.2 15,419.9 14,991.5 14,934.3 14,872.4 14,835.9 14,818.4 -17.5
Motor vehicle and parts
dealers (1) ................. 1,891.0 1,683.6 1,685.7 1,689.7 1,877.4 1,730.1 1,716.8 1,701.8 1,690.8 1,681.9 -8.9
Automobile dealers........... 1,219.0 1,058.6 1,054.8 1,054.0 1,214.6 1,088.6 1,078.7 1,067.7 1,059.1 1,052.2 -6.9
Furniture and home furnishings
stores....................... 539.4 489.5 485.5 482.1 547.6 508.3 499.7 497.7 492.3 487.3 -5.0
Electronics and appliance
stores....................... 546.9 513.7 511.6 503.3 555.0 535.5 533.7 518.6 516.9 513.6 -3.3
Building material and garden
supply stores................ 1,321.4 1,168.7 1,208.1 1,240.1 1,256.0 1,214.9 1,207.1 1,193.5 1,189.1 1,185.7 -3.4
Food and beverage stores...... 2,861.0 2,802.3 2,794.5 2,820.3 2,864.0 2,835.3 2,826.0 2,827.6 2,825.6 2,824.6 -1.0
Health and personal care
stores....................... 1,001.4 980.2 978.8 980.2 1,004.8 985.7 986.9 985.0 983.5 982.7 -.8
Gasoline stations............. 840.5 820.6 824.7 832.1 838.1 833.0 832.1 830.4 831.2 829.9 -1.3
Clothing and clothing
accessories stores........... 1,444.4 1,379.1 1,375.7 1,380.4 1,490.9 1,445.0 1,443.8 1,433.4 1,432.1 1,428.8 -3.3
Sporting goods, hobby, book,
and music stores............. 630.6 591.3 586.2 590.4 649.2 620.8 613.6 610.0 608.9 608.2 -.7
General merchandise stores (1) 2,979.0 3,013.9 2,985.1 3,000.6 3,043.2 3,040.7 3,040.7 3,045.5 3,042.4 3,049.3 6.9
Department stores............ 1,512.0 1,498.7 1,478.1 1,487.9 1,564.0 1,529.1 1,532.6 1,530.9 1,523.9 1,528.4 4.5
Miscellaneous store retailers. 850.4 788.0 791.0 809.3 851.8 819.5 815.1 810.4 805.9 808.9 3.0
Nonstore retailers............ 429.2 409.5 405.9 404.7 441.9 422.7 418.8 418.5 417.2 417.5 .3
Transportation and warehousing. 4,556.1 4,257.5 4,226.7 4,239.4 4,536.3 4,354.4 4,327.0 4,295.5 4,251.1 4,236.6 -14.5
Air transportation............ 499.4 472.4 468.8 470.5 498.3 476.8 474.8 474.0 469.3 470.1 .8
Rail transportation........... 231.7 219.4 216.9 216.9 230.3 227.1 224.1 220.7 217.3 216.8 -.5
Water transportation.......... 66.2 56.9 57.1 56.9 65.8 59.7 60.9 59.6 58.1 57.4 -.7
Truck transportation.......... 1,405.8 1,275.1 1,265.4 1,269.9 1,405.1 1,323.3 1,313.9 1,300.3 1,281.8 1,273.7 -8.1
Transit and ground passenger
transportation............... 439.2 419.5 414.8 426.3 418.8 408.1 406.4 406.2 399.3 405.7 6.4
Pipeline transportation....... 41.6 42.6 42.9 42.4 41.7 43.1 43.1 43.0 43.1 42.7 -.4
Scenic and sightseeing
transportation............... 29.8 20.7 24.4 30.5 28.1 26.9 27.0 27.0 27.9 29.1 1.2
Support activities for
transportation............... 593.0 549.7 547.8 540.3 591.5 569.3 561.0 554.6 551.6 545.4 -6.2
Couriers and messengers....... 575.1 554.7 550.0 547.8 578.9 563.2 563.7 558.5 556.0 551.2 -4.8
Warehousing and storage....... 674.3 646.5 638.6 637.9 677.8 656.9 652.1 651.6 646.7 644.5 -2.2
Utilities...................... 557.6 568.7 567.1 569.2 557.0 569.3 570.0 570.1 569.7 569.5 -.2
Information..................... 3,018 2,902 2,884 2,865 3,013 2,924 2,918 2,905 2,885 2,861 -24
Publishing industries, except
Internet..................... 886.7 826.1 817.5 809.4 890.4 846.3 836.3 827.8 820.9 812.4 -8.5
Motion picture and sound
recording industries......... 389.4 393.2 393.1 386.3 383.3 376.7 389.8 393.7 389.3 379.9 -9.4
Broadcasting, except Internet. 317.4 297.7 294.4 293.6 317.7 306.5 302.5 299.0 296.7 295.3 -1.4
Telecommunications............ 1,025.1 996.5 987.4 988.3 1,025.3 1,001.6 999.5 996.7 990.0 988.5 -1.5
Data processing, hosting and
related services............. 267.1 254.9 258.1 253.7 263.3 257.0 254.6 253.9 255.1 251.6 -3.5
Other information services.... 132.4 133.9 133.2 133.8 132.5 135.7 134.8 134.1 133.4 133.6 .2
Financial activities............ 8,183 7,818 7,777 7,763 8,179 7,954 7,898 7,857 7,812 7,782 -30
Finance and insurance.......... 6,038.1 5,827.1 5,787.7 5,767.0 6,039.7 5,890.4 5,853.9 5,829.5 5,798.0 5,778.7 -19.3
Monetary authorities - central
bank......................... 22.6 20.8 20.5 20.5 22.5 21.0 20.9 20.8 20.6 20.5 -.1
Credit intermediation and
related activities (1) ...... 2,750.1 2,634.5 2,614.3 2,607.8 2,746.7 2,665.3 2,648.8 2,635.4 2,619.9 2,613.9 -6.0
Depository credit
intermediation (1) ......... 1,824.6 1,779.8 1,774.7 1,771.5 1,824.8 1,798.1 1,790.9 1,783.4 1,778.7 1,775.5 -3.2
Commercial banking.......... 1,363.4 1,331.6 1,327.6 1,325.2 1,363.0 1,346.6 1,340.5 1,334.2 1,330.2 1,329.6 -.6
Securities, commodity
contracts, investments....... 863.1 806.9 793.5 782.7 865.8 826.5 814.9 805.8 795.1 785.6 -9.5
Insurance carriers and related
activities................... 2,312.8 2,276.8 2,271.7 2,269.0 2,314.7 2,287.4 2,281.1 2,279.4 2,274.5 2,271.0 -3.5
Funds, trusts, and other
financial vehicles........... 89.5 88.1 87.7 87.0 90.0 90.2 88.2 88.1 87.9 87.7 -.2
Real estate and rental and
leasing....................... 2,144.6 1,990.4 1,988.9 1,995.9 2,138.9 2,063.2 2,043.8 2,027.0 2,014.0 2,003.2 -10.8
Real estate................... 1,487.1 1,399.1 1,398.1 1,398.1 1,486.2 1,444.9 1,432.4 1,421.9 1,413.4 1,404.8 -8.6
Rental and leasing services... 630.0 563.2 562.6 569.6 624.8 589.9 583.2 576.6 572.2 569.9 -2.3
Lessors of nonfinancial
intangible assets............ 27.5 28.1 28.2 28.2 27.9 28.4 28.2 28.5 28.4 28.5 .1
Professional and business
services....................... 17,878 16,691 16,767 16,704 17,887 17,205 17,029 16,910 16,799 16,748 -51
Professional and technical
services (1) ................. 7,759.3 7,748.9 7,739.9 7,575.9 7,821.5 7,765.5 7,729.2 7,697.9 7,683.1 7,664.3 -18.8
Legal services............... 1,163.2 1,138.6 1,135.1 1,133.0 1,165.2 1,154.1 1,148.7 1,144.9 1,141.0 1,139.7 -1.3
Accounting and bookkeeping
services.................... 892.7 1,037.8 1,028.0 881.0 944.9 927.5 924.4 929.5 933.7 939.8 6.1
Architectural and engineering
services.................... 1,448.5 1,356.4 1,351.3 1,344.4 1,449.3 1,411.1 1,394.2 1,377.9 1,363.5 1,349.1 -14.4
Computer systems design and
related services............ 1,443.4 1,451.5 1,457.4 1,454.9 1,445.8 1,462.4 1,463.7 1,459.2 1,461.7 1,458.9 -2.8
Management and technical
consulting services......... 1,000.9 1,006.0 1,009.1 1,011.2 1,002.3 1,025.7 1,021.6 1,016.0 1,017.0 1,017.7 .7
Management of companies and
enterprises................... 1,897.3 1,850.1 1,833.4 1,817.4 1,902.1 1,871.7 1,862.1 1,852.6 1,837.8 1,821.5 -16.3
Administrative and waste
services...................... 8,221.4 7,092.2 7,193.6 7,311.1 8,163.3 7,567.5 7,437.8 7,359.4 7,278.2 7,262.1 -16.1
Administrative and support
services (1) ................ 7,862.0 6,739.0 6,835.3 6,947.2 7,804.4 7,203.1 7,076.5 6,999.2 6,916.8 6,898.4 -18.4
Employment services (1) ..... 3,210.5 2,448.4 2,440.0 2,479.8 3,242.7 2,720.5 2,638.7 2,567.0 2,504.5 2,493.3 -11.2
Temporary help services..... 2,403.3 1,735.6 1,725.7 1,764.4 2,426.7 1,965.7 1,892.7 1,835.4 1,780.7 1,774.2 -6.5
Business support services.... 824.1 804.5 792.3 783.3 822.6 817.6 805.0 799.1 793.4 788.7 -4.7
Services to buildings and
dwellings................... 1,936.4 1,657.2 1,776.5 1,852.3 1,853.5 1,812.5 1,796.8 1,791.5 1,783.7 1,784.0 .3
Waste management and
remediation services......... 359.4 353.2 358.3 363.9 358.9 364.4 361.3 360.2 361.4 363.7 2.3
Education and health services... 18,847 19,286 19,326 19,283 18,798 19,119 19,138 19,158 19,171 19,215 44
Educational services........... 3,051.9 3,222.7 3,221.2 3,123.2 3,025.4 3,088.4 3,083.1 3,077.9 3,072.6 3,080.5 7.9
Health care and social
assistance....................15,794.8 16,062.8 16,104.6 16,160.0 15,772.3 16,030.3 16,054.7 16,080.1 16,098.2 16,134.6 36.4
Health care (3) ..............13,257.1 13,503.0 13,533.3 13,565.7 13,268.3 13,490.2 13,515.0 13,535.9 13,554.6 13,578.1 23.5
Ambulatory health care
services (1) ............... 5,633.2 5,763.4 5,793.8 5,814.4 5,634.9 5,753.3 5,770.1 5,779.8 5,797.0 5,814.6 17.6
Offices of physicians....... 2,252.0 2,302.4 2,306.5 2,310.9 2,256.8 2,300.4 2,304.4 2,308.0 2,310.7 2,314.2 3.5
Outpatient care centers..... 531.7 537.0 539.0 541.1 531.5 538.0 538.5 537.7 539.2 541.4 2.2
Home health care services... 950.9 992.3 1,006.7 1,016.2 951.8 981.4 991.0 996.7 1,005.9 1,013.2 7.3
Hospitals.................... 4,618.0 4,704.9 4,700.9 4,703.5 4,627.2 4,707.5 4,711.3 4,715.1 4,714.9 4,715.2 .3
Nursing and residential care
facilities (1) ............. 3,005.9 3,034.7 3,038.6 3,047.8 3,006.2 3,029.4 3,033.6 3,041.0 3,042.7 3,048.3 5.6
Nursing care facilities..... 1,615.6 1,617.6 1,621.1 1,626.8 1,615.1 1,616.6 1,617.9 1,621.8 1,624.4 1,627.3 2.9
Social assistance (1) ........ 2,537.7 2,559.8 2,571.3 2,594.3 2,504.0 2,540.1 2,539.7 2,544.2 2,543.6 2,556.5 12.9
Child day care services...... 888.0 873.5 873.5 886.2 863.3 862.7 860.4 858.2 854.3 861.3 7.0
Leisure and hospitality......... 13,721 12,820 13,050 13,377 13,495 13,268 13,236 13,202 13,164 13,167 3
Arts, entertainment, and
recreation.................... 2,060.1 1,775.9 1,858.5 1,972.8 1,978.3 1,943.8 1,936.2 1,928.7 1,901.8 1,896.4 -5.4
Performing arts and spectator
sports....................... 430.3 377.6 396.3 416.8 409.4 405.7 398.6 400.5 393.6 397.7 4.1
Museums, historical sites,
zoos, and parks.............. 139.2 120.9 128.4 137.9 133.9 130.3 130.9 130.6 130.7 131.5 .8
Amusements, gambling, and
recreation................... 1,490.6 1,277.4 1,333.8 1,418.1 1,435.0 1,407.8 1,406.7 1,397.6 1,377.5 1,367.2 -10.3
Accommodation and food services11,660.4 11,043.6 11,191.9 11,403.8 11,516.7 11,323.7 11,299.7 11,273.2 11,261.7 11,270.9 9.2
Accommodation................. 1,879.7 1,672.8 1,679.3 1,715.5 1,872.1 1,768.4 1,754.7 1,732.7 1,723.2 1,723.5 .3
Food services and drinking
places....................... 9,780.7 9,370.8 9,512.6 9,688.3 9,644.6 9,555.3 9,545.0 9,540.5 9,538.5 9,547.4 8.9
Other services.................. 5,562 5,402 5,414 5,440 5,542 5,461 5,449 5,426 5,420 5,419 -1
Repair and maintenance........ 1,247.0 1,163.6 1,168.7 1,170.1 1,239.6 1,184.7 1,177.3 1,166.3 1,164.5 1,161.1 -3.4
Personal and laundry services. 1,341.7 1,294.3 1,300.6 1,307.8 1,325.3 1,313.6 1,312.5 1,302.4 1,297.2 1,294.1 -3.1
Membership associations and
organizations................ 2,972.9 2,943.8 2,944.6 2,962.1 2,976.9 2,963.1 2,958.7 2,956.8 2,958.0 2,963.9 5.9
Government...................... 22,876 22,929 23,028 23,004 22,488 22,540 22,547 22,543 22,635 22,628 -7
Federal........................ 2,764 2,787 2,895 2,881 2,763 2,793 2,796 2,808 2,894 2,879 -15
Federal, except U.S. Postal
Service...................... 2,011.7 2,069.2 2,171.5 2,176.2 2,007.7 2,065.8 2,071.0 2,086.0 2,170.9 2,169.4 -1.5
U.S. Postal Service........... 752.4 717.7 723.2 705.2 755.7 726.9 724.9 721.7 722.7 709.6 -13.1
State government............... 5,206 5,323 5,330 5,228 5,167 5,192 5,192 5,186 5,188 5,188 0
State government education.... 2,379.8 2,525.4 2,529.5 2,425.2 2,348.0 2,380.2 2,382.3 2,379.9 2,384.1 2,387.5 3.4
State government, excluding
education.................... 2,825.8 2,797.5 2,800.5 2,802.6 2,818.5 2,811.6 2,809.4 2,805.9 2,803.6 2,800.2 -3.4
Local government............... 14,906 14,819 14,803 14,895 14,558 14,555 14,559 14,549 14,553 14,561 8
Local government education.... 8,431.8 8,444.7 8,413.7 8,433.2 8,085.2 8,070.7 8,076.7 8,078.7 8,082.4 8,084.4 2.0
Local government, excluding
education.................... 6,474.1 6,374.7 6,389.6 6,461.9 6,472.9 6,484.7 6,482.5 6,469.8 6,470.1 6,476.1 6.0
1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector
and selected industry detail
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Change
Industry May Mar. Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May from:
2008 2009 2009p 2009p 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009p 2009p Apr. 2009-
May 2009p
Total private......................... 33.6 33.1 32.8 33.0 33.7 33.3 33.3 33.1 33.2 33.1 -0.1
Goods-producing........................... 40.2 38.7 38.4 39.0 40.2 39.3 39.2 38.9 39.0 38.9 -.1
Mining and logging............................ 44.2 42.9 42.5 43.0 44.6 44.2 43.9 43.4 43.0 43.4 .4
Construction.................................. 38.6 37.3 37.0 38.1 38.5 37.9 38.0 37.7 37.6 37.7 .1
Manufacturing................................. 40.9 39.2 38.9 39.3 40.9 39.8 39.5 39.4 39.5 39.3 -.2
Overtime hours............................. 3.7 2.5 2.3 2.7 3.9 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.7 .0
Durable goods................................ 41.2 39.2 38.9 39.2 41.2 39.8 39.6 39.3 39.6 39.3 -.3
Overtime hours............................. 3.8 2.3 2.1 2.4 3.9 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.4 -.1
Wood products............................... 39.3 36.2 36.4 37.6 39.0 36.9 37.1 36.9 37.0 37.0 .0
Nonmetallic mineral products................ 42.5 39.2 40.1 40.4 42.3 40.2 40.0 39.9 40.2 40.2 .0
Primary metals.............................. 42.2 40.3 39.1 39.4 42.4 40.4 40.1 40.1 39.9 39.7 -.2
Fabricated metal products................... 41.4 38.8 38.4 38.9 41.5 39.7 39.5 39.0 39.2 39.0 -.2
Machinery................................... 42.1 40.0 39.6 39.5 42.2 40.9 40.6 40.1 40.2 39.8 -.4
Computer and electronic products............ 41.1 39.8 39.6 39.7 41.1 40.7 40.5 39.9 40.2 39.9 -.3
Electrical equipment and appliances......... 40.8 38.6 38.6 39.3 41.1 39.4 38.9 38.8 39.6 39.4 -.2
Transportation equipment.................... 41.9 40.0 40.0 40.0 41.9 40.4 40.1 40.0 40.7 39.9 -.8
Motor vehicles and parts (2)............... 41.5 37.9 38.7 37.8 41.4 38.6 38.2 38.0 39.0 37.6 -1.4
Furniture and related products.............. 38.5 37.5 36.9 37.7 38.8 37.7 37.4 37.7 37.6 37.8 .2
Miscellaneous manufacturing................. 39.0 38.3 37.9 38.1 39.2 38.4 38.2 38.2 38.2 38.1 -.1
Nondurable goods............................. 40.3 39.2 38.8 39.3 40.5 39.7 39.5 39.4 39.5 39.5 .0
Overtime hours............................. 3.7 2.8 2.6 3.1 3.8 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 .1
Food manufacturing.......................... 40.7 39.6 38.9 40.0 40.8 40.1 39.9 40.1 40.1 40.1 .0
Beverages and tobacco products.............. 39.9 35.8 35.0 36.9 39.5 37.0 37.0 36.2 35.9 36.5 .6
Textile mills............................... 38.7 36.2 35.9 36.0 38.9 37.1 36.4 36.3 36.4 36.1 -.3
Textile product mills....................... 38.3 37.0 36.8 37.2 38.7 37.0 37.1 37.0 37.2 37.4 .2
Apparel..................................... 36.1 36.2 35.7 36.2 36.0 36.0 35.6 36.1 36.1 36.1 .0
Leather and allied products................. 39.0 33.1 31.9 31.9 38.8 34.0 33.3 32.8 32.2 31.5 -.7
Paper and paper products.................... 42.1 40.7 41.0 40.6 42.6 41.6 41.5 41.1 41.2 40.8 -.4
Printing and related support activities..... 38.3 37.6 37.0 37.0 38.6 37.7 37.3 37.5 37.5 37.4 -.1
Petroleum and coal products................. 44.0 43.3 43.5 43.8 44.1 45.1 43.8 44.3 44.2 44.2 .0
Chemicals................................... 40.9 40.9 40.7 40.6 41.2 41.1 41.1 40.9 40.9 40.8 -.1
Plastics and rubber products................ 41.0 39.3 39.1 39.7 40.9 39.9 39.6 39.4 39.8 39.8 .0
Private service-providing................ 32.3 32.1 31.8 31.9 32.4 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 .0
Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 33.1 32.7 32.6 32.9 33.2 32.9 32.8 32.7 32.8 32.9 .1
Wholesale trade.............................. 38.2 37.9 37.6 37.7 38.3 38.1 37.9 37.8 37.8 37.8 .0
Retail trade................................. 30.0 29.5 29.6 29.9 30.1 29.7 29.8 29.7 29.8 29.9 .1
Transportation and warehousing............... 36.2 35.7 35.4 36.0 36.4 36.0 35.7 35.7 36.0 36.2 .2
Utilities.................................... 42.4 42.2 42.3 42.0 42.5 42.6 43.2 42.4 42.3 42.1 -.2
Information................................... 36.2 36.8 36.2 36.0 36.6 37.2 36.9 36.7 36.5 36.5 .0
Financial activities.......................... 35.6 36.5 35.8 35.7 35.9 36.2 36.2 36.1 36.0 36.0 .0
Professional and business services............ 34.8 34.9 34.4 34.6 34.9 34.9 34.8 34.7 34.8 34.7 -.1
Education and health services................. 32.5 32.4 32.2 32.2 32.7 32.4 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 .0
Leisure and hospitality....................... 25.3 24.8 24.6 24.7 25.3 24.8 25.0 24.8 24.8 24.8 .0
Other services................................ 30.7 30.5 30.4 30.5 30.8 30.7 30.6 30.5 30.5 30.6 .1
1 Data relate to production workers in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the
total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls
by industry sector and selected industry detail
Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Industry May Mar. Apr. May May Mar. Apr. May
2008 2009 2009p 2009p 2008 2009 2009p 2009p
Total private........................... $17.94 $18.57 $18.53 $18.48 $602.78 $614.67 $607.78 $609.84
Seasonally adjusted.................... 17.99 18.50 18.52 18.54 606.26 612.35 614.86 613.67
Goods-producing............................. 19.15 19.74 19.80 19.84 769.83 763.94 760.32 773.76
Mining and logging.............................. 21.52 23.40 23.35 23.02 951.18 1003.86 992.38 989.86
Construction.................................... 21.61 22.45 22.46 22.60 834.15 837.39 831.02 861.06
Manufacturing................................... 17.65 18.09 18.15 18.08 721.89 709.13 706.04 710.54
Durable goods.................................. 18.60 19.17 19.21 19.20 766.32 751.46 747.27 752.64
Wood products................................. 14.11 14.67 14.70 14.87 554.52 531.05 535.08 559.11
Nonmetallic mineral products.................. 16.89 17.19 17.40 17.33 717.83 673.85 697.74 700.13
Primary metals................................ 20.24 19.69 20.01 19.97 854.13 793.51 782.39 786.82
Fabricated metal products..................... 16.85 17.29 17.43 17.39 697.59 670.85 669.31 676.47
Machinery..................................... 18.01 18.26 18.22 18.31 758.22 730.40 721.51 723.25
Computer and electronic products.............. 20.95 21.71 21.75 21.84 861.05 864.06 861.30 867.05
Electrical equipment and appliances........... 15.66 15.95 16.00 16.12 638.93 615.67 617.60 633.52
Transportation equipment...................... 23.59 24.80 24.76 24.83 988.42 992.00 990.40 993.20
Furniture and related products................ 14.48 15.02 14.95 14.99 557.48 563.25 551.66 565.12
Miscellaneous manufacturing................... 14.97 16.02 16.02 15.92 583.83 613.57 607.16 606.55
Nondurable goods............................... 16.05 16.43 16.53 16.42 646.82 644.06 641.36 645.31
Food manufacturing............................ 13.91 14.24 14.28 14.23 566.14 563.90 555.49 569.20
Beverages and tobacco products................ 19.19 20.40 20.25 20.25 765.68 730.32 708.75 747.23
Textile mills................................. 13.50 13.88 13.79 13.68 522.45 502.46 495.06 492.48
Textile product mills......................... 11.86 11.34 11.35 11.33 454.24 419.58 417.68 421.48
Apparel....................................... 11.43 11.26 11.48 11.36 412.62 407.61 409.84 411.23
Leather and allied products................... 12.88 14.21 14.34 13.89 502.32 470.35 457.45 443.09
Paper and paper products...................... 18.79 18.90 19.26 19.03 791.06 769.23 789.66 772.62
Printing and related support activities....... 16.66 16.69 16.75 16.61 638.08 627.54 619.75 614.57
Petroleum and coal products................... 26.85 29.80 29.89 29.37 1181.40 1290.34 1300.22 1286.41
Chemicals..................................... 19.33 19.93 20.01 20.08 790.60 815.14 814.41 815.25
Plastics and rubber products.................. 15.74 16.20 16.20 16.11 645.34 636.66 633.42 639.57
Private service-providing.................. 17.64 18.31 18.25 18.18 569.77 587.75 580.35 579.94
Trade, transportation, and utilities............ 16.12 16.45 16.43 16.37 533.57 537.92 535.62 538.57
Wholesale trade................................ 19.93 20.64 20.69 20.66 761.33 782.26 777.94 778.88
Retail trade................................... 12.89 13.02 13.02 13.00 386.70 384.09 385.39 388.70
Transportation and warehousing................. 18.35 18.64 18.59 18.46 664.27 665.45 658.09 664.56
Utilities...................................... 28.84 29.42 29.51 29.56 1222.82 1241.52 1248.27 1241.52
Information..................................... 24.65 25.40 25.22 25.34 892.33 934.72 912.96 912.24
Financial activities............................ 20.19 20.67 20.65 20.69 718.76 754.46 739.27 738.63
Professional and business services.............. 20.88 22.52 22.30 22.23 726.62 785.95 767.12 769.16
Education and health services................... 18.76 19.23 19.33 19.29 609.70 623.05 622.43 621.14
Leisure and hospitality......................... 10.83 11.00 10.99 10.98 274.00 272.80 270.35 271.21
Other services.................................. 16.11 16.33 16.26 16.32 494.58 498.07 494.30 497.76
1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls
by industry sector and selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted
Percent
Industry May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May change from:
2008 2009 2009 2009 2009p 2009p Apr. 2009-
May 2009p
Total private:
Current dollars........................ $17.99 $18.43 $18.46 $18.50 $18.52 $18.54 0.1
Constant (1982) dollars (2)............ 8.27 8.64 8.61 8.64 8.65 N.A. (3)
Goods-producing............................. 19.20 19.72 19.78 19.85 19.84 19.86 .1
Mining and logging.............................. 21.79 23.14 23.14 23.33 23.32 23.25 -.3
Construction.................................... 21.72 22.43 22.42 22.59 22.58 22.66 .4
Manufacturing................................... 17.68 17.99 18.07 18.10 18.12 18.10 -.1
Excluding overtime (4)....................... 16.88 17.36 17.47 17.52 17.52 17.50 -.1
Durable goods.................................. 18.63 18.99 19.09 19.17 19.20 19.22 .1
Nondurable goods............................... 16.08 16.43 16.49 16.46 16.48 16.44 -.2
Private service-providing.................. 17.69 18.14 18.17 18.20 18.23 18.25 .1
Trade, transportation, and utilities............ 16.13 16.36 16.38 16.38 16.40 16.40 .0
Wholesale trade................................ 20.07 20.41 20.52 20.59 20.70 20.77 .3
Retail trade................................... 12.87 12.97 12.96 12.97 12.98 12.98 .0
Transportation and warehousing................. 18.39 18.72 18.67 18.68 18.65 18.60 -.3
Utilities...................................... 28.81 29.22 29.67 29.31 29.37 29.53 .5
Information..................................... 24.71 24.98 25.09 25.31 25.25 25.37 .5
Financial activities............................ 20.23 20.53 20.55 20.62 20.64 20.73 .4
Professional and business services.............. 20.96 22.04 22.17 22.26 22.30 22.35 .2
Education and health services................... 18.80 19.18 19.24 19.24 19.34 19.35 .1
Leisure and hospitality......................... 10.83 10.97 10.97 10.98 10.98 10.99 .1
Other services.................................. 16.04 16.30 16.25 16.23 16.23 16.27 .2
1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series.
3 Change was .1 percent from Mar. 2009 to Apr. 2009, the latest month available.
4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half.
N.A. = not available.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls
by industry sector and selected industry detail
(2002=100)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Percent
Industry May Mar. Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May change from:
2008 2009 2009p 2009p 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009p 2009p Apr. 2009-
May 2009p
Total private......................... 106.9 99.3 98.6 99.6 106.9 102.5 101.9 100.7 100.4 99.7 -0.7
Goods-producing........................... 98.4 81.2 80.4 81.7 98.1 88.1 86.5 84.1 82.9 81.5 -1.7
Mining and logging............................ 133.4 125.2 121.3 121.6 134.9 138.3 135.1 129.6 125.4 124.1 -1.0
Construction.................................. 109.8 86.0 86.9 91.8 108.6 97.5 96.1 93.2 90.9 90.0 -1.0
Manufacturing................................. 91.7 77.1 75.6 75.5 91.7 81.7 79.8 78.3 77.3 75.7 -2.1
Durable goods................................ 94.2 76.6 74.8 73.8 94.1 81.6 79.6 77.3 76.3 74.1 -2.9
Wood products............................... 80.2 58.8 59.1 60.8 79.7 64.6 62.5 62.0 61.2 60.1 -1.8
Nonmetallic mineral products................ 94.8 72.6 76.7 77.2 93.3 81.0 78.9 76.8 77.2 76.4 -1.0
Primary metals.............................. 89.1 70.3 65.7 64.2 89.5 75.6 72.0 70.0 67.3 64.9 -3.6
Fabricated metal products................... 102.7 83.3 80.4 79.9 103.2 89.8 87.4 84.2 82.6 80.6 -2.4
Machinery................................... 102.9 84.4 81.4 78.0 103.0 91.8 88.9 84.9 82.7 79.1 -4.4
Computer and electronic products............ 102.8 91.2 89.7 88.4 102.9 96.4 94.1 91.5 91.1 89.0 -2.3
Electrical equipment and appliances......... 88.8 75.9 74.1 74.2 89.9 81.8 79.1 76.7 76.5 74.6 -2.5
Transportation equipment.................... 91.5 71.1 69.2 67.2 90.9 73.2 72.4 71.0 69.9 66.5 -4.9
Motor vehicles and parts (2)............... 76.0 52.1 51.1 47.6 75.0 53.5 53.2 51.9 50.6 46.6 -7.9
Furniture and related products.............. 77.4 60.5 58.7 59.0 77.9 64.7 62.5 61.4 59.9 59.0 -1.5
Miscellaneous manufacturing................. 89.7 81.9 81.6 81.9 90.2 84.8 83.7 82.4 82.6 82.2 -.5
Nondurable goods............................. 87.4 77.8 76.7 77.7 88.1 81.6 80.3 79.3 79.2 78.6 -.8
Food manufacturing.......................... 100.0 94.8 93.5 97.1 101.8 98.7 98.0 98.2 99.1 99.0 -.1
Beverages and tobacco products.............. 94.7 82.4 80.4 85.3 93.8 90.1 88.8 86.7 85.3 85.8 .6
Textile mills............................... 49.7 37.1 36.7 36.9 49.4 39.7 38.2 37.3 37.5 36.9 -1.6
Textile product mills....................... 72.0 58.5 56.9 57.2 71.9 62.7 61.4 58.5 57.6 57.5 -.2
Apparel..................................... 56.5 48.0 45.9 47.1 56.3 49.7 48.4 48.4 47.0 47.1 .2
Leather and allied products................. 72.9 57.5 56.7 54.8 71.8 60.9 59.1 57.4 56.8 54.1 -4.8
Paper and paper products.................... 82.7 73.3 73.6 72.1 83.9 77.9 76.4 74.8 74.4 72.6 -2.4
Printing and related support activities..... 87.3 75.7 73.1 73.4 87.9 78.7 76.5 75.9 74.8 74.5 -.4
Petroleum and coal products................. 102.6 84.2 89.6 89.8 101.3 93.3 89.2 89.4 92.4 90.1 -2.5
Chemicals................................... 94.9 89.0 88.1 87.9 95.2 91.0 90.4 89.3 88.6 88.0 -.7
Plastics and rubber products................ 89.3 73.4 72.5 72.0 88.9 78.0 76.2 74.3 73.9 72.4 -2.0
Private service-providing................. 109.4 104.3 103.7 104.5 109.4 106.6 105.9 105.5 105.1 104.9 -.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 103.7 97.2 96.7 98.1 104.3 100.2 99.3 98.6 98.4 98.4 .0
Wholesale trade.............................. 109.6 102.7 101.5 101.7 109.7 105.6 104.2 103.3 102.5 101.9 -.6
Retail trade................................. 100.0 93.8 94.1 95.7 101.1 96.8 96.8 96.1 96.1 96.4 .3
Transportation and warehousing............... 108.4 99.7 98.2 100.0 108.4 102.8 101.2 100.7 100.6 100.6 .0
Utilities.................................... 97.3 98.8 98.5 97.9 97.5 100.1 101.6 99.6 99.0 98.3 -.7
Information................................... 99.8 97.7 95.1 94.3 100.7 99.4 98.4 97.4 96.2 95.4 -.8
Financial activities.......................... 107.2 105.5 102.9 102.5 108.1 106.5 105.8 104.9 104.0 103.5 -.5
Professional and business services............ 114.8 106.4 105.5 105.7 115.2 110.1 108.6 107.5 107.1 106.2 -.8
Education and health services................. 115.7 118.2 117.8 117.5 116.0 117.2 116.9 117.4 117.5 117.8 .3
Leisure and hospitality....................... 112.6 102.8 103.9 107.2 110.5 106.7 107.2 106.1 105.8 106.0 .2
Other services................................ 100.2 96.5 96.5 97.2 99.9 98.2 97.6 97.0 96.9 97.1 .2
1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours
by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average
weekly hours and production and nonsupervisory worker employment.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production and nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls
by industry sector and selected industry detail
(2002=100)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Percent
Industry May Mar. Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May change from:
2008 2009 2009p 2009p 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009p 2009p Apr. 2009-
May 2009p
Total private......................... 128.1 123.2 122.1 123.0 128.5 126.2 125.7 124.4 124.2 123.5 -0.6
Goods-producing........................... 115.4 98.1 97.5 99.3 115.4 106.4 104.7 102.3 100.7 99.1 -1.6
Mining and logging............................ 167.0 170.3 164.7 162.8 170.9 186.2 181.8 175.9 170.1 167.8 -1.4
Construction.................................. 128.1 104.3 105.4 112.0 127.4 118.0 116.4 113.7 110.9 110.1 -.7
Manufacturing................................. 105.8 91.2 89.8 89.3 106.0 96.1 94.3 92.6 91.6 89.7 -2.1
Durable goods................................ 109.4 91.7 89.7 88.5 109.4 96.8 94.9 92.6 91.4 88.9 -2.7
Nondurable goods............................. 99.2 90.3 89.6 90.2 100.1 94.7 93.6 92.2 92.2 91.4 -.9
Private service-providing................. 132.3 131.0 129.8 130.2 132.7 132.6 131.9 131.6 131.3 131.3 .0
Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 119.2 114.1 113.3 114.5 120.0 116.9 116.1 115.2 115.1 115.1 .0
Wholesale trade.............................. 128.7 124.9 123.7 123.8 129.8 126.9 126.0 125.3 125.0 124.6 -.3
Retail trade................................. 110.5 104.6 105.0 106.7 111.5 107.7 107.5 106.9 107.0 107.2 .2
Transportation and warehousing............... 126.1 117.9 115.8 117.2 126.5 122.1 119.9 119.3 119.0 118.8 -.2
Utilities.................................... 117.1 121.3 121.3 120.8 117.3 122.1 125.8 121.8 121.3 121.2 -.1
Information................................... 121.8 122.9 118.8 118.3 123.1 122.9 122.2 122.0 120.3 119.8 -.4
Financial activities.......................... 133.8 134.8 131.4 131.1 135.2 135.1 134.4 133.8 132.7 132.7 .0
Professional and business services............ 142.6 142.5 139.9 139.8 143.7 144.3 143.3 142.4 142.1 141.2 -.6
Education and health services................. 142.7 149.4 149.6 149.0 143.4 147.8 147.9 148.5 149.4 149.8 .3
Leisure and hospitality....................... 138.5 128.4 129.7 133.7 135.9 132.9 133.6 132.3 131.9 132.2 .2
Other services................................ 117.6 114.8 114.3 115.6 116.8 116.6 115.6 114.7 114.5 115.1 .5
1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate
payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate payroll estimates are the product of estimates of
average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and production and nonsupervisory worker employment.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change
(Percent)
Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Private nonfarm payrolls, 271 industries(1)
Over 1-month span:
2005 .............. 52.6 60.1 54.1 58.1 56.8 58.3 58.5 59.2 54.2 55.9 62.7 57.6
2006 .............. 64.9 62.2 63.8 59.8 49.1 51.8 59.2 55.4 55.7 56.3 59.4 60.7
2007 .............. 53.5 55.5 52.4 49.4 55.9 48.3 50.7 46.5 55.9 57.2 59.4 57.9
2008 .............. 42.1 40.6 44.1 41.1 42.6 36.9 37.6 39.1 34.7 33.0 27.1 20.5
2009 .............. 22.1 20.8 19.6 p25.8 p32.7
Over 3-month span:
2005 .............. 51.7 57.2 59.0 59.8 57.9 62.0 60.5 62.9 60.3 55.5 56.3 62.7
2006 .............. 67.7 68.6 65.1 65.1 60.5 58.9 55.5 57.0 55.0 54.4 59.0 64.2
2007 .............. 62.5 54.8 54.2 54.8 54.1 50.4 52.8 48.7 53.3 53.9 58.3 62.5
2008 .............. 57.7 44.8 40.2 39.7 37.3 33.6 33.6 32.8 34.9 33.2 26.9 20.8
2009 .............. 18.6 14.2 15.1 p16.1 p23.1
Over 6-month span:
2005 .............. 55.4 57.9 58.1 57.0 58.3 60.9 63.1 63.3 61.6 59.6 61.4 62.5
2006 .............. 64.6 63.8 67.5 66.2 65.5 66.6 60.3 61.1 57.9 57.9 62.4 59.0
2007 .............. 60.3 57.2 60.5 58.3 55.5 56.5 52.8 52.4 56.6 54.4 56.8 59.0
2008 .............. 56.6 53.0 50.7 47.4 40.2 33.4 31.0 33.4 30.6 29.0 26.0 24.4
2009 .............. 21.6 17.2 15.1 p15.7 p14.6
Over 12-month span:
2005 .............. 60.9 60.9 60.0 59.2 58.3 60.3 61.3 63.3 60.7 59.2 59.8 61.8
2006 .............. 67.2 65.5 65.9 62.9 65.5 66.8 64.8 64.4 66.6 65.9 64.9 66.2
2007 .............. 63.3 59.4 61.1 59.6 59.2 58.3 56.8 57.2 59.4 58.9 58.1 59.6
2008 .............. 54.4 56.1 52.6 49.1 50.2 47.8 43.7 42.3 38.0 37.8 32.3 28.2
2009 .............. 24.0 22.0 19.9 p18.6 p19.9
Manufacturing payrolls, 83 industries(1)
Over 1-month span:
2005 .............. 36.7 46.4 42.2 46.4 40.4 33.7 41.0 43.4 45.8 47.6 44.6 47.0
2006 .............. 57.8 49.4 53.6 47.0 37.3 50.6 49.4 42.2 40.4 42.8 41.0 44.0
2007 .............. 44.6 41.0 30.7 24.7 38.0 32.5 43.4 30.7 39.2 42.8 60.8 48.2
2008 .............. 30.7 28.9 37.3 32.5 40.4 25.3 25.9 27.7 22.9 18.7 15.1 10.2
2009 .............. 6.0 9.6 10.8 p19.9 p12.0
Over 3-month span:
2005 .............. 36.7 43.4 41.0 41.6 35.5 36.1 34.9 36.7 42.2 44.0 38.6 48.8
2006 .............. 56.6 57.2 48.2 48.2 44.6 50.0 43.4 45.2 36.7 33.1 35.5 39.2
2007 .............. 40.4 33.1 33.1 28.9 29.5 30.1 31.9 28.9 30.7 30.7 39.2 51.2
2008 .............. 48.8 33.7 28.3 29.5 26.5 22.9 19.9 16.9 22.3 21.1 15.1 11.4
2009 .............. 6.0 3.6 3.6 p8.4 p10.2
Over 6-month span:
2005 .............. 33.7 39.8 38.0 36.1 35.5 34.9 39.8 36.1 36.1 38.0 36.7 39.8
2006 .............. 45.2 45.2 50.6 48.8 50.6 50.0 45.2 47.0 43.4 42.2 39.8 34.3
2007 .............. 37.3 33.1 29.5 28.9 30.7 34.9 28.9 26.5 29.5 28.3 33.7 38.0
2008 .............. 34.3 30.1 37.3 35.5 25.3 20.5 17.5 18.1 16.9 13.3 11.4 9.6
2009 .............. 9.0 4.8 4.8 p6.0 p6.0
Over 12-month span:
2005 .............. 45.2 44.0 42.2 41.0 36.7 35.5 32.5 34.3 33.1 33.7 33.7 38.0
2006 .............. 44.0 41.0 41.0 39.8 39.8 45.2 42.2 42.8 47.0 48.8 45.8 44.6
2007 .............. 39.8 36.7 37.3 30.7 28.9 29.5 30.7 28.9 33.1 28.9 34.3 35.5
2008 .............. 27.7 28.9 25.9 25.3 30.7 27.1 24.7 19.3 21.7 21.7 16.9 15.1
2009 .............. 8.4 4.8 4.8 p4.8 p7.2
1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with
unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing
employment.
United States Department of Labor
