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Economic News Release
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CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                    USDL-14-0987
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, June 6, 2014

Technical information: 
  Household data:     (202) 691-6378  •  cpsinfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/cps
  Establishment data: (202) 691-6555  •  cesinfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:        (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov


                            THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- MAY 2014


Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 217,000 in May, and the unemployment rate was
unchanged at 6.3 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment
increased in professional and business services, health care and social assistance, food
services and drinking places, and transportation and warehousing. 

Household Survey Data

The unemployment rate held at 6.3 percent in May, following a decline of 0.4 percentage
point in April. The number of unemployed persons was unchanged in May at 9.8 million.
Over the year, the unemployment rate and the number of unemployed persons declined by
1.2 percentage points and 1.9 million, respectively. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (5.9 percent),
adult women (5.7 percent), teenagers (19.2 percent), whites (5.4 percent), blacks
(11.5 percent), and Hispanics (7.7 percent) showed little or no change in May. The
jobless rate for Asians was 5.3 percent (not seasonally adjusted), little changed
from a year earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of job losers and persons who completed temporary
jobs declined by 218,000 in May. The number of unemployed reentrants increased by
237,000 over the month, partially offsetting a large decrease in April. (Reentrants
are persons who previously worked but were not in the labor force prior to beginning
their current job search.) (See table A-11.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was essentially
unchanged at 3.4 million in May. These individuals accounted for 34.6 percent of the
unemployed. Over the past 12 months, the number of long-term unemployed has declined by
979,000. (See table A-12.)

The civilian labor force participation rate was unchanged in May, at 62.8 percent.
The participation rate has shown no clear trend since this past October but is down by 0.6
percentage point over the year. The employment-population ratio, at 58.9 percent, was
also unchanged in May and has changed little over the year. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as
involuntary part-time workers), at 7.3 million, changed little in May. These individuals
were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable
to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.)

In May, 2.1 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, essentially
unchanged from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals
were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a
job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they
had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 697,000 discouraged workers in May, little
different from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged
workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are
available for them. The remaining 1.4 million persons marginally attached to the labor
force in May had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or family
responsibilities. (See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 217,000 in May, with gains in professional
and business services, health care and social assistance, food services and drinking
places, and transportation and warehousing. Over the prior 12 months, nonfarm payroll
employment growth had averaged 197,000 per month. (See table B-1.)

Professional and business services added 55,000 jobs in May, the same as its average
monthly job gain over the prior 12 months. In May, the industry added 7,000 jobs each in
computer systems design and related services and in management and technical consulting.
Employment in temporary help services continued to trend up (+14,000) and has grown by
224,000 over the past year.

In May, health care and social assistance added 55,000 jobs. The health care industry
added 34,000 jobs over the month, twice its average monthly gain for the prior 12 months.
Within health care, employment rose in May by 23,000 in ambulatory health care services
(which includes offices of physicians, outpatient care centers, and home health care
services) and by 7,000 in hospitals. Employment rose by 21,000 in social assistance,
compared with an average gain of 7,000 per month over the prior 12 months.

Within leisure and hospitality, employment in food services and drinking places continued
to grow, increasing by 32,000 in May and by 311,000 over the past year.

Transportation and warehousing employment rose by 16,000 in May. Over the prior 12
months, the industry had added an average of 9,000 jobs per month. In May, employment
growth occurred in support activities for transportation (+6,000) and couriers and
messengers (+4,000).

Manufacturing employment changed little over the month but has added 105,000 jobs over
the past year. Within the industry, durable goods added 17,000 jobs in May and has
accounted for the net job gain in manufacturing over the past 12 months.

Employment in other major industries, including mining and logging, construction,
wholesale trade, retail trade, information, financial activities, and government,
showed little change over the month.

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.5
hours in May. The manufacturing workweek increased by 0.2 hour in May to 41.1 hours, and
factory overtime was unchanged at 3.5 hours. The average workweek for production and
nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.7 hours. (See
tables B-2 and B-7.)

In May, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by
5 cents to $24.38. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.1
percent. In May, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory
employees increased by 3 cents to $20.54. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

After revision, the change in total nonfarm employment for March remained +203,000, and the
change for April was revised from +288,000 to +282,000. With these revisions, employment
gains in March and April were 6,000 lower than previously reported.

_____________
The Employment Situation for June is scheduled to be released on Thursday, July 3, 2014,
at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).


  ________________________________________________________________________________________
 |                                                                                        |
 |                       Upcoming Changes to the Establishment Survey Data                |
 |                                                                                        |
 |Effective with the release of July 2014 data on August 1, 2014, the establishment survey|
 |will implement new sample units into production on a quarterly basis, replacing the     |
 |current practice of implementing new sample units annually. There is no change to the   |
 |establishment survey sample design. More information about the quarterly sample         |
 |implementation is available at www.bls.gov/ces/cesqsi.htm.                              |
 |________________________________________________________________________________________|




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014
Change from:
Apr.
2014-
May
2014

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

245,363 247,258 247,439 247,622 183

Civilian labor force

155,609 156,227 155,421 155,613 192

Participation rate

63.4 63.2 62.8 62.8 0.0

Employed

143,919 145,742 145,669 145,814 145

Employment-population ratio

58.7 58.9 58.9 58.9 0.0

Unemployed

11,690 10,486 9,753 9,799 46

Unemployment rate

7.5 6.7 6.3 6.3 0.0

Not in labor force

89,754 91,030 92,018 92,009 -9

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

7.5 6.7 6.3 6.3 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over)

7.2 6.2 5.9 5.9 0.0

Adult women (20 years and over)

6.5 6.2 5.7 5.7 0.0

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

24.1 20.9 19.1 19.2 0.1

White

6.6 5.8 5.3 5.4 0.1

Black or African American

13.5 12.4 11.6 11.5 -0.1

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)

4.3 5.4 5.7 5.3 -

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

9.1 7.9 7.3 7.7 0.4

Total, 25 years and over

6.1 5.4 5.2 5.2 0.0

Less than a high school diploma

11.0 9.6 8.9 9.1 0.2

High school graduates, no college

7.4 6.3 6.3 6.5 0.2

Some college or associate degree

6.5 6.1 5.7 5.5 -0.2

Bachelor's degree and higher

3.8 3.4 3.3 3.2 -0.1

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

6,094 5,489 5,236 5,018 -218

Job leavers

944 815 784 875 91

Reentrants

3,326 3,037 2,620 2,857 237

New entrants

1,257 1,169 1,043 1,062 19

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,704 2,461 2,447 2,559 112

5 to 14 weeks

2,642 2,581 2,359 2,390 31

15 to 26 weeks

1,934 1,677 1,533 1,441 -92

27 weeks and over

4,353 3,739 3,452 3,374 -78

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

7,917 7,411 7,465 7,269 -196

Slack work or business conditions

4,837 4,512 4,555 4,453 -102

Could only find part-time work

2,697 2,731 2,669 2,537 -132

Part time for noneconomic reasons

18,957 19,216 18,886 19,040 154

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force

2,164 2,168 2,160 2,130 -

Discouraged workers

780 698 783 697 -

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

199 203 282 217

Total private

222 200 270 216

Goods-producing

2 21 46 18

Mining and logging

4 4 8 2

Construction

5 13 34 6

Manufacturing

-7 4 4 10

Durable goods(1)

-2 14 6 17

Motor vehicles and parts

5.0 -0.5 0.3 5.0

Nondurable goods

-5 -10 -2 -7

Private service-providing(1)

220 179 224 198

Wholesale trade

7.7 7.8 16.2 9.9

Retail trade

34.7 28.9 43.1 12.5

Transportation and warehousing

-1.5 13.9 12.1 16.4

Information

-2 -1 1 -5

Financial activities

9 0 6 3

Professional and business services(1)

77 47 71 55

Temporary help services

23.3 22.1 16.0 14.3

Education and health services(1)

29 40 39 63

Health care and social assistance

18.9 34.9 28.5 54.9

Leisure and hospitality

53 31 24 39

Other services

12 9 13 4

Government

-23 3 12 1

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES(2)
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES

Total nonfarm women employees

49.4 49.4 49.4 49.4

Total private women employees

48.0 48.0 48.0 48.0

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.6 82.7 82.7 82.7

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.5 34.5 34.5 34.5

Average hourly earnings

$23.89 $24.32 $24.33 $24.38

Average weekly earnings

$824.21 $839.04 $839.39 $841.11

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

98.5 100.1 100.4 100.6

Over-the-month percent change

0.5 0.7 0.3 0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

112.3 116.2 116.5 117.0

Over-the-month percent change

0.6 0.9 0.3 0.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS
PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

33.7 33.7 33.7 33.7

Average hourly earnings

$20.06 $20.48 $20.51 $20.54

Average weekly earnings

$676.02 $690.18 $691.19 $692.20

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3)

106.0 107.8 108.1 108.3

Over-the-month percent change

0.2 1.1 0.3 0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)(4)

142.0 147.5 148.1 148.6

Over-the-month percent change

0.3 1.0 0.4 0.3

DIFFUSION INDEX(5)
(Over 1-month span)

Total private (264 industries)

61.6 59.7 65.9 62.7

Manufacturing (81 industries)

48.8 53.7 53.7 55.6

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 144,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 554,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s principal
activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 90,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-40,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

245,363 247,439 247,622 245,363 246,915 247,085 247,258 247,439 247,622

Civilian labor force

155,734 154,845 155,841 155,609 155,460 155,724 156,227 155,421 155,613

Participation rate

63.5 62.6 62.9 63.4 63.0 63.0 63.2 62.8 62.8

Employed

144,432 145,767 146,398 143,919 145,224 145,266 145,742 145,669 145,814

Employment-population ratio

58.9 58.9 59.1 58.7 58.8 58.8 58.9 58.9 58.9

Unemployed

11,302 9,079 9,443 11,690 10,236 10,459 10,486 9,753 9,799

Unemployment rate

7.3 5.9 6.1 7.5 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.3 6.3

Not in labor force

89,629 92,594 91,782 89,754 91,455 91,361 91,030 92,018 92,009

Persons who currently want a job

7,193 6,088 7,031 6,648 6,348 6,060 6,146 6,146 6,438

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

118,393 119,488 119,582 118,393 119,218 119,306 119,395 119,488 119,582

Civilian labor force

82,924 82,104 82,723 82,844 82,662 82,597 83,052 82,586 82,590

Participation rate

70.0 68.7 69.2 70.0 69.3 69.2 69.6 69.1 69.1

Employed

76,608 77,086 77,619 76,317 77,060 76,808 77,416 77,292 77,310

Employment-population ratio

64.7 64.5 64.9 64.5 64.6 64.4 64.8 64.7 64.7

Unemployed

6,316 5,018 5,104 6,526 5,602 5,789 5,636 5,294 5,280

Unemployment rate

7.6 6.1 6.2 7.9 6.8 7.0 6.8 6.4 6.4

Not in labor force

35,469 37,384 36,859 35,549 36,556 36,709 36,343 36,902 36,992

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

109,839 111,027 111,126 109,839 110,746 110,838 110,930 111,027 111,126

Civilian labor force

80,015 79,571 80,020 79,867 79,892 79,917 80,171 79,851 79,830

Participation rate

72.8 71.7 72.0 72.7 72.1 72.1 72.3 71.9 71.8

Employed

74,456 75,059 75,459 74,137 74,916 74,780 75,230 75,134 75,127

Employment-population ratio

67.8 67.6 67.9 67.5 67.6 67.5 67.8 67.7 67.6

Unemployed

5,559 4,512 4,562 5,729 4,975 5,137 4,941 4,718 4,703

Unemployment rate

6.9 5.7 5.7 7.2 6.2 6.4 6.2 5.9 5.9

Not in labor force

29,824 31,456 31,106 29,972 30,855 30,921 30,760 31,176 31,296

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

126,970 127,951 128,040 126,970 127,696 127,779 127,863 127,951 128,040

Civilian labor force

72,810 72,741 73,118 72,765 72,797 73,128 73,175 72,835 73,023

Participation rate

57.3 56.9 57.1 57.3 57.0 57.2 57.2 56.9 57.0

Employed

67,824 68,680 68,779 67,602 68,163 68,458 68,325 68,376 68,504

Employment-population ratio

53.4 53.7 53.7 53.2 53.4 53.6 53.4 53.4 53.5

Unemployed

4,986 4,061 4,339 5,163 4,634 4,670 4,850 4,459 4,519

Unemployment rate

6.8 5.6 5.9 7.1 6.4 6.4 6.6 6.1 6.2

Not in labor force

54,160 55,210 54,923 54,204 54,899 54,652 54,688 55,116 55,017

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

118,708 119,760 119,852 118,708 119,497 119,583 119,669 119,760 119,852

Civilian labor force

69,955 70,100 70,274 69,871 70,023 70,331 70,361 70,037 70,153

Participation rate

58.9 58.5 58.6 58.9 58.6 58.8 58.8 58.5 58.5

Employed

65,611 66,452 66,466 65,323 65,909 66,183 66,008 66,057 66,137

Employment-population ratio

55.3 55.5 55.5 55.0 55.2 55.3 55.2 55.2 55.2

Unemployed

4,343 3,648 3,809 4,548 4,114 4,148 4,352 3,980 4,016

Unemployment rate

6.2 5.2 5.4 6.5 5.9 5.9 6.2 5.7 5.7

Not in labor force

48,753 49,660 49,577 48,837 49,475 49,252 49,309 49,724 49,699

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,816 16,652 16,644 16,816 16,671 16,664 16,658 16,652 16,644

Civilian labor force

5,764 5,174 5,546 5,872 5,545 5,476 5,696 5,534 5,630

Participation rate

34.3 31.1 33.3 34.9 33.3 32.9 34.2 33.2 33.8

Employed

4,364 4,256 4,473 4,459 4,399 4,303 4,503 4,479 4,550

Employment-population ratio

26.0 25.6 26.9 26.5 26.4 25.8 27.0 26.9 27.3

Unemployed

1,400 918 1,072 1,413 1,147 1,173 1,193 1,055 1,080

Unemployment rate

24.3 17.7 19.3 24.1 20.7 21.4 20.9 19.1 19.2

Not in labor force

11,052 11,478 11,098 10,944 11,125 11,188 10,962 11,119 11,014

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

194,147 195,210 195,310 194,147 194,944 195,029 195,117 195,210 195,310

Civilian labor force

123,836 122,659 123,443 123,794 123,500 123,641 123,763 123,111 123,287

Participation rate

63.8 62.8 63.2 63.8 63.4 63.4 63.4 63.1 63.1

Employed

115,828 116,536 117,029 115,570 116,409 116,447 116,581 116,601 116,669

Employment-population ratio

59.7 59.7 59.9 59.5 59.7 59.7 59.7 59.7 59.7

Unemployed

8,009 6,123 6,414 8,224 7,091 7,193 7,183 6,510 6,618

Unemployment rate

6.5 5.0 5.2 6.6 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.3 5.4

Not in labor force

70,311 72,550 71,867 70,353 71,444 71,388 71,353 72,099 72,022

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

64,785 64,216 64,482 64,668 64,551 64,594 64,724 64,445 64,343

Participation rate

73.3 72.1 72.4 73.2 72.6 72.6 72.7 72.4 72.2

Employed

60,816 61,097 61,389 60,563 61,048 61,020 61,282 61,182 61,129

Employment-population ratio

68.8 68.6 68.9 68.5 68.7 68.6 68.9 68.7 68.6

Unemployed

3,969 3,119 3,094 4,106 3,503 3,574 3,441 3,264 3,214

Unemployment rate

6.1 4.9 4.8 6.3 5.4 5.5 5.3 5.1 5.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

54,411 54,358 54,599 54,426 54,505 54,635 54,509 54,277 54,520

Participation rate

58.3 58.0 58.2 58.4 58.2 58.3 58.1 57.9 58.1

Employed

51,390 51,984 52,043 51,301 51,695 51,822 51,597 51,730 51,864

Employment-population ratio

55.1 55.4 55.5 55.0 55.2 55.3 55.0 55.2 55.3

Unemployed

3,021 2,374 2,556 3,125 2,810 2,813 2,911 2,547 2,656

Unemployment rate

5.6 4.4 4.7 5.7 5.2 5.1 5.3 4.7 4.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

4,641 4,085 4,361 4,700 4,444 4,412 4,531 4,389 4,425

Participation rate

37.1 33.0 35.2 37.5 35.8 35.6 36.5 35.4 35.7

Employed

3,622 3,455 3,598 3,706 3,666 3,606 3,701 3,690 3,676

Employment-population ratio

28.9 27.9 29.0 29.6 29.5 29.1 29.9 29.8 29.7

Unemployed

1,019 630 763 994 777 807 830 699 749

Unemployment rate

21.9 15.4 17.5 21.1 17.5 18.3 18.3 15.9 16.9

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

30,322 30,755 30,787 30,322 30,651 30,685 30,719 30,755 30,787

Civilian labor force

18,690 18,675 18,717 18,714 18,558 18,654 18,756 18,720 18,715

Participation rate

61.6 60.7 60.8 61.7 60.5 60.8 61.1 60.9 60.8

Employed

16,226 16,682 16,618 16,194 16,310 16,416 16,437 16,556 16,564

Employment-population ratio

53.5 54.2 54.0 53.4 53.2 53.5 53.5 53.8 53.8

Unemployed

2,464 1,993 2,099 2,520 2,249 2,237 2,319 2,164 2,151

Unemployment rate

13.2 10.7 11.2 13.5 12.1 12.0 12.4 11.6 11.5

Not in labor force

11,632 12,080 12,070 11,608 12,093 12,031 11,963 12,035 12,072

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

8,432 8,391 8,516 8,450 8,367 8,430 8,496 8,435 8,496

Participation rate

67.8 66.1 66.9 67.9 66.2 66.6 67.0 66.4 66.8

Employed

7,274 7,520 7,516 7,301 7,359 7,345 7,470 7,522 7,519

Employment-population ratio

58.5 59.2 59.1 58.7 58.2 58.0 58.9 59.2 59.1

Unemployed

1,157 872 1,000 1,149 1,008 1,085 1,026 913 977

Unemployment rate

13.7 10.4 11.7 13.6 12.0 12.9 12.1 10.8 11.5

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,530 9,626 9,504 9,539 9,525 9,594 9,614 9,583 9,521

Participation rate

62.3 62.0 61.1 62.3 61.5 61.9 62.0 61.7 61.2

Employed

8,531 8,722 8,619 8,476 8,537 8,646 8,554 8,590 8,564

Employment-population ratio

55.7 56.1 55.4 55.4 55.1 55.8 55.1 55.3 55.1

Unemployed

999 903 885 1,063 988 948 1,060 993 957

Unemployment rate

10.5 9.4 9.3 11.1 10.4 9.9 11.0 10.4 10.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

728 658 696 725 666 630 646 701 698

Participation rate

28.3 26.2 27.7 28.2 26.4 24.9 25.6 27.9 27.8

Employed

420 440 483 417 413 425 413 443 481

Employment-population ratio

16.3 17.5 19.2 16.2 16.4 16.9 16.4 17.6 19.1

Unemployed

308 218 214 308 253 204 233 258 217

Unemployment rate

42.3 33.2 30.7 42.5 38.0 32.4 36.1 36.8 31.1

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

13,343 13,841 13,771 - - - - - -

Civilian labor force

8,491 8,782 8,755 - - - - - -

Participation rate

63.6 63.4 63.6 - - - - - -

Employed

8,127 8,283 8,287 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

60.9 59.8 60.2 - - - - - -

Unemployed

365 498 467 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

4.3 5.7 5.3 - - - - - -

Not in labor force

4,851 5,059 5,016 - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

37,395 38,203 38,277 37,395 37,976 38,053 38,126 38,203 38,277

Civilian labor force

24,872 25,028 25,183 24,824 25,053 25,061 25,266 25,055 25,108

Participation rate

66.5 65.5 65.8 66.4 66.0 65.9 66.3 65.6 65.6

Employed

22,743 23,343 23,360 22,558 22,961 23,021 23,264 23,232 23,162

Employment-population ratio

60.8 61.1 61.0 60.3 60.5 60.5 61.0 60.8 60.5

Unemployed

2,129 1,685 1,823 2,266 2,092 2,040 2,002 1,824 1,946

Unemployment rate

8.6 6.7 7.2 9.1 8.4 8.1 7.9 7.3 7.7

Not in labor force

12,523 13,175 13,093 12,571 12,923 12,992 12,859 13,148 13,169

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

13,731 13,869 13,965 - - - - - -

Participation rate

81.4 80.3 80.7 - - - - - -

Employed

12,737 13,080 13,100 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

75.5 75.7 75.7 - - - - - -

Unemployed

995 789 865 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

7.2 5.7 6.2 - - - - - -

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,017 10,136 10,172 - - - - - -

Participation rate

59.3 58.7 58.8 - - - - - -

Employed

9,203 9,462 9,404 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

54.5 54.8 54.3 - - - - - -

Unemployed

815 674 767 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

8.1 6.6 7.5 - - - - - -

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,124 1,023 1,047 - - - - - -

Participation rate

30.8 28.0 28.6 - - - - - -

Employed

804 801 856 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

22.0 21.9 23.4 - - - - - -

Unemployed

320 222 191 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

28.5 21.7 18.2 - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

11,483 10,946 11,131 11,205 11,004 11,154 11,199 10,891 10,861

Participation rate

45.9 44.9 45.3 44.8 44.5 46.2 45.9 44.6 44.2

Employed

10,295 10,006 10,181 9,972 9,953 10,056 10,128 9,925 9,869

Employment-population ratio

41.2 41.0 41.5 39.9 40.2 41.7 41.5 40.7 40.2

Unemployed

1,188 940 950 1,232 1,051 1,098 1,071 965 993

Unemployment rate

10.3 8.6 8.5 11.0 9.6 9.8 9.6 8.9 9.1

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

36,488 36,050 36,302 36,287 35,924 36,108 36,392 36,089 36,096

Participation rate

59.3 57.9 58.2 59.0 58.1 58.5 58.8 58.0 57.9

Employed

33,963 33,890 34,091 33,612 33,593 33,792 34,106 33,830 33,750

Employment-population ratio

55.2 54.4 54.7 54.6 54.3 54.7 55.1 54.3 54.1

Unemployed

2,525 2,160 2,211 2,676 2,331 2,316 2,286 2,258 2,346

Unemployment rate

6.9 6.0 6.1 7.4 6.5 6.4 6.3 6.3 6.5

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

37,189 37,176 37,001 37,371 36,992 37,169 37,158 37,364 37,178

Participation rate

68.0 66.9 66.8 68.3 67.3 66.9 67.1 67.3 67.2

Employed

34,848 35,165 35,037 34,950 34,758 34,876 34,904 35,218 35,131

Employment-population ratio

63.7 63.3 63.3 63.9 63.3 62.8 63.0 63.4 63.5

Unemployed

2,341 2,011 1,964 2,421 2,234 2,293 2,254 2,146 2,047

Unemployment rate

6.3 5.4 5.3 6.5 6.0 6.2 6.1 5.7 5.5

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

49,392 50,212 50,248 49,414 50,427 50,240 49,908 49,934 50,208

Participation rate

75.6 75.5 75.4 75.7 75.7 75.2 74.7 75.1 75.4

Employed

47,623 48,684 48,760 47,536 48,797 48,543 48,198 48,279 48,611

Employment-population ratio

72.9 73.2 73.2 72.8 73.2 72.6 72.2 72.6 73.0

Unemployed

1,770 1,527 1,487 1,878 1,629 1,697 1,711 1,655 1,596

Unemployment rate

3.6 3.0 3.0 3.8 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.2

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
May
2013
May
2014
May
2013
May
2014
May
2013
May
2014

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

21,439 21,213 19,217 18,963 2,222 2,250

Civilian labor force

11,203 10,667 9,768 9,300 1,435 1,367

Participation rate

52.3 50.3 50.8 49.0 64.6 60.8

Employed

10,459 10,129 9,110 8,840 1,349 1,288

Employment-population ratio

48.8 47.7 47.4 46.6 60.7 57.3

Unemployed

744 538 658 459 86 79

Unemployment rate

6.6 5.0 6.7 4.9 6.0 5.8

Not in labor force

10,236 10,546 9,449 9,663 787 883

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

2,694 3,053 2,228 2,458 466 595

Civilian labor force

2,224 2,444 1,893 2,055 331 389

Participation rate

82.5 80.0 84.9 83.6 71.0 65.4

Employed

2,061 2,314 1,746 1,953 315 361

Employment-population ratio

76.5 75.8 78.4 79.4 67.6 60.6

Unemployed

163 130 147 102 16 28

Unemployment rate

7.3 5.3 7.8 5.0 4.9 7.3

Not in labor force

470 609 335 403 135 206

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,470 3,407 2,742 2,705 728 702

Civilian labor force

2,879 2,794 2,309 2,283 570 511

Participation rate

83.0 82.0 84.2 84.4 78.4 72.9

Employed

2,729 2,647 2,193 2,174 536 473

Employment-population ratio

78.6 77.7 80.0 80.4 73.7 67.4

Unemployed

150 147 116 108 34 39

Unemployment rate

5.2 5.3 5.0 4.7 6.0 7.6

Not in labor force

591 613 434 422 157 190

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

9,871 9,437 9,497 9,083 373 354

Civilian labor force

3,077 2,698 2,979 2,589 97 109

Participation rate

31.2 28.6 31.4 28.5 26.1 30.8

Employed

2,860 2,566 2,769 2,462 91 104

Employment-population ratio

29.0 27.2 29.2 27.1 24.4 29.2

Unemployed

217 132 211 127 6 6

Unemployment rate

7.1 4.9 7.1 4.9 6.6 5.1

Not in labor force

6,794 6,739 6,518 6,494 276 245

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

5,404 5,316 4,749 4,717 655 599

Civilian labor force

3,023 2,731 2,587 2,373 436 358

Participation rate

55.9 51.4 54.5 50.3 66.6 59.7

Employed

2,809 2,602 2,402 2,251 407 351

Employment-population ratio

52.0 49.0 50.6 47.7 62.2 58.6

Unemployed

214 128 185 122 29 6

Unemployment rate

7.1 4.7 7.1 5.1 6.7 1.8

Not in labor force

2,381 2,585 2,162 2,344 219 241

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

215,051 217,547 94,694 96,090 120,357 121,457

Civilian labor force

142,557 143,318 72,196 72,543 70,362 70,774

Participation rate

66.3 65.9 76.2 75.5 58.5 58.3

Employed

132,557 134,856 66,844 68,122 65,713 66,734

Employment-population ratio

61.6 62.0 70.6 70.9 54.6 54.9

Unemployed

10,000 8,462 5,351 4,421 4,649 4,040

Unemployment rate

7.0 5.9 7.4 6.1 6.6 5.7

Not in labor force

72,494 74,229 22,498 23,546 49,995 50,682

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2014, estimates for veterans incorporate updated weighting procedures.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
May
2013
May
2014
May
2013
May
2014

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

28,552 29,005 216,811 218,617

Civilian labor force

5,903 5,649 149,831 150,192

Participation rate

20.7 19.5 69.1 68.7

Employed

5,099 4,934 139,333 141,464

Employment-population ratio

17.9 17.0 64.3 64.7

Unemployed

805 715 10,497 8,728

Unemployment rate

13.6 12.7 7.0 5.8

Not in labor force

22,649 23,357 66,980 68,425

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,577 2,522 75,739 75,560

Participation rate

34.7 33.0 82.4 82.1

Employed

2,216 2,175 70,039 71,039

Employment-population ratio

29.8 28.5 76.2 77.2

Unemployed

360 347 5,701 4,521

Unemployment rate

14.0 13.8 7.5 6.0

Not in labor force

4,853 5,111 16,158 16,497

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,342 2,104 66,780 67,191

Participation rate

29.6 27.1 70.3 70.4

Employed

1,949 1,801 62,330 63,338

Employment-population ratio

24.7 23.2 65.7 66.4

Unemployed

393 303 4,450 3,853

Unemployment rate

16.8 14.4 6.7 5.7

Not in labor force

5,560 5,655 28,161 28,195

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

984 1,022 7,311 7,441

Participation rate

7.4 7.5 24.4 23.9

Employed

933 957 6,965 7,087

Employment-population ratio

7.1 7.0 23.2 22.7

Unemployed

51 65 346 354

Unemployment rate

5.2 6.4 4.7 4.8

Not in labor force

12,236 12,590 22,661 23,733

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
May
2013
May
2014
May
2013
May
2014
May
2013
May
2014

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

37,503 38,637 18,233 18,747 19,270 19,890

Civilian labor force

24,958 25,392 14,386 14,780 10,572 10,613

Participation rate

66.5 65.7 78.9 78.8 54.9 53.4

Employed

23,384 23,977 13,568 14,056 9,816 9,920

Employment-population ratio

62.4 62.1 74.4 75.0 50.9 49.9

Unemployed

1,574 1,416 818 723 756 692

Unemployment rate

6.3 5.6 5.7 4.9 7.2 6.5

Not in labor force

12,545 13,245 3,847 3,967 8,698 9,278

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

207,860 208,985 100,160 100,835 107,700 108,150

Civilian labor force

130,776 130,448 68,538 67,943 62,238 62,505

Participation rate

62.9 62.4 68.4 67.4 57.8 57.8

Employed

121,048 122,421 63,040 63,562 58,008 58,859

Employment-population ratio

58.2 58.6 62.9 63.0 53.9 54.4

Unemployed

9,728 8,027 5,498 4,381 4,230 3,646

Unemployment rate

7.4 6.2 8.0 6.4 6.8 5.8

Not in labor force

77,084 78,537 31,622 32,892 45,462 45,645

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,168 2,048 2,101 2,081 2,183 2,150 2,148 2,161 2,045

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,322 1,265 1,312 1,275 1,391 1,373 1,375 1,382 1,273

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

831 773 767 797 760 768 743 767 738

Unpaid family workers

15 10 22 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

142,263 143,718 144,297 141,860 142,970 143,132 143,543 143,531 143,843

Wage and salary workers(1)

133,483 135,119 135,781 133,166 134,384 134,428 134,745 134,860 135,355

Government

20,537 20,626 20,247 20,342 20,383 20,192 20,401 20,320 20,051

Private industries

112,947 114,494 115,534 112,846 114,001 114,177 114,327 114,532 115,257

Private households

663 868 867 - - - - - -

Other industries

112,284 113,625 114,667 112,221 113,164 113,317 113,444 113,643 114,460

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,715 8,518 8,432 8,601 8,569 8,697 8,674 8,559 8,375

Unpaid family workers

65 81 84 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

7,618 7,243 6,960 7,917 7,257 7,186 7,411 7,465 7,269

Slack work or business conditions

4,604 4,346 4,177 4,837 4,405 4,251 4,512 4,555 4,453

Could only find part-time work

2,727 2,615 2,519 2,697 2,571 2,692 2,731 2,669 2,537

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

19,315 19,707 19,410 18,957 19,165 19,027 19,216 18,886 19,040

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

7,523 7,120 6,917 7,800 7,130 7,071 7,324 7,333 7,199

Slack work or business conditions

4,544 4,277 4,144 4,763 4,327 4,208 4,454 4,487 4,407

Could only find part-time work

2,714 2,604 2,510 2,696 2,550 2,653 2,697 2,623 2,530

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

18,993 19,393 19,117 18,590 18,856 18,672 18,903 18,603 18,727

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

144,432 145,767 146,398 143,919 145,224 145,266 145,742 145,669 145,814

16 to 19 years

4,364 4,256 4,473 4,459 4,399 4,303 4,503 4,479 4,550

16 to 17 years

1,415 1,325 1,413 1,500 1,608 1,512 1,591 1,472 1,494

18 to 19 years

2,949 2,931 3,060 2,957 2,776 2,830 2,922 3,016 3,052

20 years and over

140,067 141,511 141,924 139,460 140,825 140,963 141,238 141,190 141,264

20 to 24 years

13,339 13,765 13,855 13,443 13,761 13,704 13,905 13,879 13,952

25 years and over

126,728 127,745 128,069 126,044 126,992 127,260 127,246 127,211 127,277

25 to 54 years

94,963 95,421 95,510 94,554 95,212 95,241 95,360 95,151 95,041

25 to 34 years

31,402 31,751 31,839 31,281 31,776 31,883 31,849 31,713 31,699

35 to 44 years

30,834 31,031 30,978 30,694 31,059 31,007 30,960 30,905 30,840

45 to 54 years

32,726 32,639 32,692 32,580 32,377 32,351 32,552 32,533 32,503

55 years and over

31,765 32,324 32,559 31,490 31,780 32,019 31,886 32,060 32,236

Men, 16 years and over

76,608 77,086 77,619 76,317 77,060 76,808 77,416 77,292 77,310

16 to 19 years

2,152 2,027 2,160 2,180 2,144 2,028 2,186 2,159 2,183

16 to 17 years

654 571 656 690 762 673 706 644 689

18 to 19 years

1,498 1,457 1,504 1,490 1,369 1,375 1,481 1,516 1,492

20 years and over

74,456 75,059 75,459 74,137 74,916 74,780 75,230 75,134 75,127

20 to 24 years

6,900 7,099 7,155 6,932 7,032 7,005 7,223 7,206 7,194

25 years and over

67,557 67,960 68,303 67,191 67,769 67,731 67,961 67,875 67,915

25 to 54 years

50,867 50,903 51,105 50,605 50,926 50,810 51,101 50,909 50,837

25 to 34 years

16,997 17,132 17,166 16,948 17,123 17,218 17,340 17,185 17,110

35 to 44 years

16,732 16,674 16,762 16,646 16,760 16,613 16,706 16,657 16,676

45 to 54 years

17,138 17,097 17,177 17,011 17,043 16,980 17,055 17,066 17,052

55 years and over

16,689 17,056 17,199 16,586 16,843 16,921 16,860 16,966 17,079

Women, 16 years and over

67,824 68,680 68,779 67,602 68,163 68,458 68,325 68,376 68,504

16 to 19 years

2,213 2,228 2,313 2,279 2,255 2,275 2,317 2,320 2,367

16 to 17 years

762 754 757 810 845 839 885 828 805

18 to 19 years

1,451 1,474 1,556 1,467 1,407 1,455 1,441 1,500 1,560

20 years and over

65,611 66,452 66,466 65,323 65,909 66,183 66,008 66,057 66,137

20 to 24 years

6,440 6,666 6,700 6,511 6,729 6,700 6,683 6,672 6,758

25 years and over

59,171 59,786 59,766 58,853 59,223 59,529 59,285 59,336 59,362

25 to 54 years

44,096 44,518 44,405 43,949 44,286 44,431 44,259 44,242 44,205

25 to 34 years

14,405 14,619 14,673 14,333 14,653 14,665 14,509 14,528 14,589

35 to 44 years

14,102 14,357 14,216 14,048 14,299 14,395 14,254 14,247 14,164

45 to 54 years

15,588 15,542 15,516 15,568 15,334 15,371 15,497 15,466 15,451

55 years and over

15,076 15,268 15,361 14,904 14,937 15,098 15,026 15,094 15,157

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

44,284 44,449 44,776 44,155 44,187 44,292 44,483 44,525 44,608

Married women, spouse present

34,804 34,830 34,855 34,685 34,448 34,619 34,779 34,813 34,716

Women who maintain families

9,557 9,602 9,563 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(1)

116,643 118,073 119,179 116,288 117,656 117,819 118,003 118,415 118,727

Part-time workers(2)

27,789 27,693 27,219 27,728 27,540 27,330 27,695 27,297 27,219

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

7,123 7,162 7,305 6,952 6,849 6,960 6,998 7,093 7,113

Percent of total employed

4.9 4.9 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

5,305 5,384 5,396 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,546 9,290 9,199 9,398 9,329 9,465 9,417 9,326 9,113

Footnotes
(1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

11,690 9,753 9,799 7.5 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.3 6.3

16 to 19 years

1,413 1,055 1,080 24.1 20.7 21.4 20.9 19.1 19.2

16 to 17 years

569 418 446 27.5 21.9 21.8 20.1 22.1 23.0

18 to 19 years

836 634 632 22.1 19.8 21.0 20.7 17.4 17.1

20 years and over

10,277 8,698 8,719 6.9 6.1 6.2 6.2 5.8 5.8

20 to 24 years

2,040 1,642 1,743 13.2 11.9 11.9 12.2 10.6 11.1

25 years and over

8,250 6,984 7,013 6.1 5.4 5.5 5.4 5.2 5.2

25 to 54 years

6,515 5,431 5,491 6.4 5.6 5.8 5.7 5.4 5.5

25 to 34 years

2,427 2,251 2,272 7.2 6.8 7.0 6.8 6.6 6.7

35 to 44 years

2,022 1,593 1,657 6.2 5.0 5.1 5.1 4.9 5.1

45 to 54 years

2,066 1,588 1,562 6.0 5.1 5.1 5.0 4.7 4.6

55 years and over

1,749 1,569 1,549 5.3 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.6

Men, 16 years and over

6,526 5,294 5,280 7.9 6.8 7.0 6.8 6.4 6.4

16 to 19 years

797 576 577 26.8 22.6 24.3 24.1 21.1 20.9

16 to 17 years

315 236 230 31.4 23.0 25.0 25.2 26.8 25.0

18 to 19 years

472 333 341 24.1 22.0 24.2 23.0 18.0 18.6

20 years and over

5,729 4,718 4,703 7.2 6.2 6.4 6.2 5.9 5.9

20 to 24 years

1,180 982 974 14.5 12.9 13.4 13.2 12.0 11.9

25 years and over

4,566 3,710 3,779 6.4 5.5 5.6 5.3 5.2 5.3

25 to 54 years

3,556 2,865 2,957 6.6 5.7 5.8 5.5 5.3 5.5

25 to 34 years

1,339 1,215 1,270 7.3 6.9 7.0 6.4 6.6 6.9

35 to 44 years

1,080 831 895 6.1 5.0 5.2 5.0 4.8 5.1

45 to 54 years

1,137 819 792 6.3 5.2 5.3 5.0 4.6 4.4

55 years and over

1,011 845 822 5.7 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.7 4.6

Women, 16 years and over

5,163 4,459 4,519 7.1 6.4 6.4 6.6 6.1 6.2

16 to 19 years

616 479 503 21.3 18.7 18.7 17.7 17.1 17.5

16 to 17 years

254 182 216 23.9 20.9 19.1 15.4 18.0 21.2

18 to 19 years

365 301 290 19.9 17.6 17.6 18.3 16.7 15.7

20 years and over

4,548 3,980 4,016 6.5 5.9 5.9 6.2 5.7 5.7

20 to 24 years

860 660 768 11.7 10.9 10.3 11.1 9.0 10.2

25 years and over

3,683 3,274 3,235 5.9 5.3 5.4 5.6 5.2 5.2

25 to 54 years

2,959 2,566 2,534 6.3 5.5 5.7 5.8 5.5 5.4

25 to 34 years

1,088 1,036 1,002 7.1 6.6 7.1 7.3 6.7 6.4

35 to 44 years

943 761 762 6.3 5.1 5.0 5.3 5.1 5.1

45 to 54 years

929 769 770 5.6 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.7

55 years and over

732 721 724 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.7 4.6 4.6

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

2,037 1,617 1,544 4.4 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.5 3.3

Married women, spouse present

1,612 1,404 1,446 4.4 3.9 4.2 4.2 3.9 4.0

Women who maintain families(1)

1,044 897 873 9.9 9.1 9.1 9.0 8.5 8.4

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(2)

9,919 8,206 8,175 7.9 6.9 7.0 7.0 6.5 6.4

Part-time workers(3)

1,742 1,500 1,591 5.9 5.1 5.6 5.4 5.2 5.5

Footnotes
(1) Not seasonally adjusted.
(2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

5,751 4,972 4,613 6,094 5,407 5,448 5,489 5,236 5,018

On temporary layoff

768 931 770 980 986 1,036 1,051 1,021 1,003

Not on temporary layoff

4,983 4,041 3,843 5,114 4,421 4,412 4,438 4,215 4,015

Permanent job losers

3,728 2,996 2,843 3,794 3,341 3,230 3,295 3,077 2,946

Persons who completed temporary jobs

1,255 1,045 1,000 1,321 1,080 1,182 1,143 1,138 1,069

Job leavers

882 751 819 944 818 823 815 784 875

Reentrants

3,459 2,425 3,000 3,326 2,937 2,997 3,037 2,620 2,857

New entrants

1,210 932 1,009 1,257 1,184 1,229 1,169 1,043 1,062

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

50.9 54.8 48.9 52.4 52.3 51.9 52.2 54.1 51.1

On temporary layoff

6.8 10.3 8.2 8.4 9.5 9.9 10.0 10.5 10.2

Not on temporary layoff

44.1 44.5 40.7 44.0 42.7 42.0 42.2 43.5 40.9

Job leavers

7.8 8.3 8.7 8.1 7.9 7.8 7.8 8.1 8.9

Reentrants

30.6 26.7 31.8 28.6 28.4 28.5 28.9 27.1 29.1

New entrants

10.7 10.3 10.7 10.8 11.4 11.7 11.1 10.8 10.8

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3.7 3.2 3.0 3.9 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.2

Job leavers

0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6

Reentrants

2.2 1.6 1.9 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.8

New entrants

0.8 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

2,710 1,993 2,617 2,704 2,434 2,373 2,461 2,447 2,559

5 to 14 weeks

2,141 1,946 1,928 2,642 2,429 2,568 2,581 2,359 2,390

15 weeks and over

6,451 5,139 4,898 6,287 5,336 5,464 5,417 4,985 4,814

15 to 26 weeks

2,084 1,653 1,532 1,934 1,689 1,615 1,677 1,533 1,441

27 weeks and over

4,366 3,486 3,366 4,353 3,646 3,849 3,739 3,452 3,374

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

38.6 37.1 35.9 36.9 35.4 37.1 35.6 35.1 34.5

Median duration, in weeks

18.8 18.4 15.9 16.9 16.0 16.4 16.3 16.0 14.6

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

24.0 22.0 27.7 23.2 23.9 22.8 23.5 25.0 26.2

5 to 14 weeks

18.9 21.4 20.4 22.7 23.8 24.7 24.7 24.1 24.5

15 weeks and over

57.1 56.6 51.9 54.0 52.3 52.5 51.8 50.9 49.3

15 to 26 weeks

18.4 18.2 16.2 16.6 16.6 15.5 16.0 15.7 14.8

27 weeks and over

38.6 38.4 35.6 37.4 35.8 37.0 35.8 35.3 34.6

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
May
2013
May
2014
May
2013
May
2014
May
2013
May
2014

Total, 16 years and over(1)

144,432 146,398 11,302 9,443 7.3 6.1

Management, professional, and related occupations

54,740 56,202 1,990 1,795 3.5 3.1

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

22,657 23,145 888 802 3.8 3.3

Professional and related occupations

32,083 33,057 1,102 993 3.3 2.9

Service occupations

26,220 26,173 2,526 1,952 8.8 6.9

Sales and office occupations

33,231 33,530 2,474 2,254 6.9 6.3

Sales and related occupations

15,320 15,861 1,174 1,161 7.1 6.8

Office and administrative support occupations

17,911 17,669 1,300 1,093 6.8 5.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

13,193 13,499 1,327 1,098 9.1 7.5

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

1,020 1,008 64 110 5.9 9.8

Construction and extraction occupations

7,128 7,692 942 797 11.7 9.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

5,045 4,799 321 192 6.0 3.8

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

17,048 16,994 1,744 1,312 9.3 7.2

Production occupations

8,183 8,252 864 630 9.6 7.1

Transportation and material moving occupations

8,864 8,742 880 682 9.0 7.2

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
May
2013
May
2014
May
2013
May
2014

Total, 16 years and over(1)

11,302 9,443 7.3 6.1

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

8,655 7,243 7.1 5.9

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

66 26 5.9 2.6

Construction

891 747 10.8 8.6

Manufacturing

1,056 826 6.8 5.3

Durable goods

640 516 6.7 5.2

Nondurable goods

416 310 7.0 5.5

Wholesale and retail trade

1,466 1,313 7.3 6.4

Transportation and utilities

371 321 6.0 5.2

Information

187 163 6.4 5.5

Financial activities

417 456 4.4 4.8

Professional and business services

1,255 1,028 8.0 6.5

Education and health services

1,058 876 4.8 3.9

Leisure and hospitality

1,455 1,113 10.4 8.1

Other services

433 372 6.7 5.7

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

92 102 6.8 7.4

Government workers

811 622 3.8 3.0

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

534 467 5.3 4.8

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

4.1 3.3 3.1 4.0 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.1

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

3.7 3.2 3.0 3.9 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.2

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

7.3 5.9 6.1 7.5 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.3 6.3

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

7.7 6.3 6.5 8.0 7.1 7.2 7.1 6.7 6.7

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

8.5 7.2 7.3 8.8 8.1 8.1 8.0 7.6 7.6

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

13.4 11.8 11.7 13.8 12.7 12.6 12.7 12.3 12.2

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
May
2013
May
2014
May
2013
May
2014
May
2013
May
2014

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

89,629 91,782 35,469 36,859 54,160 54,923

Persons who currently want a job

7,193 7,031 3,313 3,261 3,880 3,770

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

2,164 2,130 1,081 1,066 1,083 1,064

Discouraged workers(2)

780 697 424 422 356 275

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,384 1,433 657 644 727 789

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

7,123 7,305 3,570 3,647 3,553 3,658

Percent of total employed

4.9 5.0 4.7 4.7 5.2 5.3

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

3,704 3,875 2,082 2,147 1,622 1,727

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

1,954 2,026 689 681 1,265 1,345

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

191 260 117 180 74 80

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,237 1,123 671 625 566 499

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)
Change from:
Apr.2014 - May2014(p)

Total nonfarm

136,793 137,147 138,272 139,192 136,084 137,964 138,246 138,463 217

Total private

114,545 114,884 115,970 116,929 114,232 116,108 116,378 116,594 216

Goods-producing

18,701 18,558 18,797 19,044 18,671 18,945 18,991 19,009 18

Mining and logging

859 884 895 904 861 896 904 906 2

Logging

50.9 52.8 50.7 52.2 52.5 55.4 54.3 53.9 -0.4

Mining

808.4 830.8 844.2 851.5 808.8 841.0 849.7 851.8 2.1

Oil and gas extraction

195.0 206.2 208.1 210.1 195.7 207.5 208.9 210.5 1.6

Mining, except oil and gas(1)

213.5 205.8 210.3 214.4 210.7 211.9 212.6 211.8 -0.8

Coal mining

79.4 77.7 78.1 78.6 78.6 77.9 78.3 78.0 -0.3

Support activities for mining

399.9 418.8 425.8 427.0 402.4 421.6 428.2 429.5 1.3

Construction

5,855 5,656 5,869 6,049 5,816 5,964 5,998 6,004 6

Construction of buildings

1,276.1 1,286.2 1,315.9 1,341.8 1,280.4 1,336.8 1,347.0 1,347.0 0.0

Residential building

611.0 621.7 640.4 657.3 609.1 650.0 656.0 656.1 0.1

Nonresidential building

665.1 664.5 675.5 684.5 671.3 686.8 691.0 690.9 -0.1

Heavy and civil engineering construction

904.8 823.8 886.5 939.5 882.1 904.3 911.5 914.7 3.2

Specialty trade contractors

3,674.3 3,545.5 3,666.5 3,767.4 3,653.7 3,723.3 3,739.3 3,742.1 2.8

Residential specialty trade contractors

1,557.1 1,505.9 1,565.4 1,616.9 1,543.8 1,591.6 1,599.2 1,602.4 3.2

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,117.2 2,039.6 2,101.1 2,150.5 2,109.9 2,131.7 2,140.1 2,139.7 -0.4

Manufacturing

11,987 12,018 12,033 12,091 11,994 12,085 12,089 12,099 10

Durable goods

7,538 7,587 7,601 7,644 7,531 7,613 7,619 7,636 17

Wood products

350.4 358.0 363.6 367.8 350.0 363.8 366.4 367.5 1.1

Nonmetallic mineral products

377.0 371.4 380.5 389.3 373.0 381.5 383.2 384.4 1.2

Primary metals

397.2 396.6 398.0 400.2 396.2 397.3 397.7 398.8 1.1

Fabricated metal products

1,430.3 1,440.2 1,446.9 1,454.3 1,427.8 1,446.9 1,450.0 1,451.8 1.8

Machinery

1,102.3 1,115.2 1,119.1 1,122.8 1,103.1 1,116.1 1,120.4 1,123.1 2.7

Computer and electronic products(1)

1,067.1 1,055.7 1,051.5 1,053.7 1,069.3 1,058.4 1,055.4 1,055.5 0.1

Computer and peripheral equipment

157.5 161.9 162.4 161.9 158.2 162.3 162.7 162.3 -0.4

Communications equipment

103.2 99.5 99.1 97.7 103.4 99.6 99.4 98.1 -1.3

Semiconductors and electronic components

374.1 368.6 366.5 368.1 375.1 369.8 368.1 369.1 1.0

Electronic instruments

393.6 387.7 385.1 387.4 393.9 388.3 386.6 387.5 0.9

Electrical equipment and appliances

373.5 374.8 375.2 374.5 374.1 376.2 376.3 375.3 -1.0

Transportation equipment(1)

1,503.3 1,533.9 1,525.5 1,533.9 1,501.1 1,525.8 1,524.9 1,531.3 6.4

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

815.9 851.1 843.8 850.2 813.6 843.3 843.6 848.6 5.0

Furniture and related products

358.0 362.5 363.7 367.9 357.0 364.8 365.1 367.0 1.9

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

578.5 578.4 577.1 579.8 579.7 582.0 580.0 580.9 0.9

Nondurable goods

4,449 4,431 4,432 4,447 4,463 4,472 4,470 4,463 -7

Food manufacturing

1,455.2 1,458.0 1,454.8 1,457.9 1,472.2 1,484.8 1,482.3 1,477.4 -4.9

Textile mills

116.7 116.9 117.1 116.5 116.3 117.0 117.1 116.5 -0.6

Textile product mills

112.8 110.7 110.4 110.1 112.7 111.1 110.7 110.1 -0.6

Apparel

143.6 135.6 134.8 132.5 142.5 135.3 134.3 132.0 -2.3

Paper and paper products

378.6 374.5 374.6 375.6 379.6 376.5 376.6 376.5 -0.1

Printing and related support activities

449.0 440.7 441.5 440.8 448.9 441.8 441.9 440.8 -1.1

Petroleum and coal products

111.6 110.5 111.2 113.4 110.0 112.8 112.1 112.0 -0.1

Chemicals

793.9 797.4 796.7 801.2 793.9 797.5 797.9 800.1 2.2

Plastics and rubber products

658.7 659.2 661.2 665.1 657.6 660.8 662.6 663.7 1.1

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

228.6 227.6 229.6 233.7 228.8 234.6 234.0 233.9 -0.1

Private service-providing

95,844 96,326 97,173 97,885 95,561 97,163 97,387 97,585 198

Trade, transportation, and utilities

25,697 25,883 26,063 26,266 25,760 26,224 26,294 26,333 39

Wholesale trade

5,741.1 5,803.7 5,838.5 5,874.2 5,731.7 5,837.6 5,853.8 5,863.7 9.9

Durable goods

2,866.3 2,917.2 2,924.4 2,940.1 2,867.3 2,928.6 2,934.1 2,940.6 6.5

Nondurable goods

1,989.9 1,985.6 2,006.2 2,018.6 1,979.4 2,002.9 2,009.0 2,008.2 -0.8

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

884.9 900.9 907.9 915.5 885.0 906.1 910.7 914.9 4.2

Retail trade

14,924.9 15,004.0 15,131.7 15,238.3 15,001.7 15,263.5 15,306.6 15,319.1 12.5

Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)

1,789.3 1,822.9 1,841.7 1,853.5 1,779.6 1,836.1 1,841.8 1,844.7 2.9

Automobile dealers

1,130.1 1,157.5 1,162.3 1,172.8 1,128.2 1,163.2 1,164.2 1,171.0 6.8

Furniture and home furnishings stores

439.0 442.2 443.1 443.2 445.0 448.6 448.8 449.2 0.4

Electronics and appliance stores

482.6 497.8 488.9 480.8 492.4 503.0 498.8 493.7 -5.1

Building material and garden supply stores

1,269.4 1,207.2 1,269.5 1,296.9 1,194.9 1,218.9 1,225.6 1,223.8 -1.8

Food and beverage stores

2,914.4 2,957.8 2,977.2 3,000.9 2,917.8 2,992.9 3,005.1 3,006.8 1.7

Health and personal care stores

1,008.6 1,008.4 1,006.0 1,014.2 1,013.0 1,015.7 1,014.2 1,018.7 4.5

Gasoline stations

863.8 859.7 866.6 875.8 864.9 873.7 874.4 876.2 1.8

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,336.2 1,338.5 1,350.9 1,357.7 1,386.3 1,397.2 1,403.8 1,406.3 2.5

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

573.3 574.6 574.9 576.4 588.7 594.5 595.8 593.8 -2.0

General merchandise stores(1)

3,002.6 3,053.9 3,055.5 3,062.0 3,058.9 3,106.4 3,112.4 3,117.7 5.3

Department stores

1,304.8 1,301.3 1,298.8 1,298.7 1,346.9 1,340.6 1,338.8 1,339.1 0.3

Miscellaneous store retailers

799.5 774.1 786.1 805.5 800.8 798.3 801.2 804.5 3.3

Nonstore retailers

446.2 466.9 471.3 471.4 459.4 478.2 484.7 483.7 -1.0

Transportation and warehousing

4,477.4 4,524.8 4,543.0 4,602.1 4,474.0 4,571.1 4,583.2 4,599.6 16.4

Air transportation

450.0 455.2 454.9 458.5 448.5 456.6 455.1 456.6 1.5

Rail transportation

232.8 232.7 234.6 234.8 231.9 233.2 233.9 233.8 -0.1

Water transportation

65.6 65.3 66.7 68.2 65.5 66.8 67.5 68.0 0.5

Truck transportation

1,381.3 1,367.7 1,384.6 1,403.7 1,378.5 1,394.0 1,399.4 1,400.9 1.5

Transit and ground passenger transportation

464.2 468.3 466.8 468.7 445.8 453.8 451.5 451.1 -0.4

Pipeline transportation

44.1 45.1 45.2 45.2 44.0 45.2 45.6 45.2 -0.4

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

31.0 23.8 26.7 33.4 29.0 29.3 29.6 31.0 1.4

Support activities for transportation

588.9 599.8 605.8 613.4 589.7 603.7 607.9 613.4 5.5

Couriers and messengers

522.3 541.0 531.4 545.2 536.4 555.7 557.2 560.9 3.7

Warehousing and storage

697.2 725.9 726.3 731.0 704.7 732.8 735.5 738.7 3.2

Utilities

553.9 550.3 549.8 551.7 552.9 551.7 550.8 550.7 -0.1

Information

2,701 2,653 2,654 2,665 2,686 2,659 2,660 2,655 -5

Publishing industries, except Internet

731.5 726.5 726.5 724.6 735.0 728.9 728.5 727.9 -0.6

Motion picture and sound recording industries

375.6 313.0 311.3 316.8 356.1 315.0 312.5 303.3 -9.2

Broadcasting, except Internet

283.2 287.5 288.9 289.4 284.4 287.7 288.4 290.0 1.6

Telecommunications

850.6 854.4 853.3 856.9 852.9 854.6 855.1 858.3 3.2

Data processing, hosting and related services

267.9 267.8 269.8 269.9 265.1 268.0 268.8 267.8 -1.0

Other information services

192.0 203.3 204.4 207.2 192.5 204.8 206.2 207.6 1.4

Financial activities

7,869 7,870 7,888 7,917 7,872 7,910 7,916 7,919 3

Finance and insurance

5,863.9 5,868.9 5,862.3 5,865.6 5,874.5 5,876.8 5,875.8 5,876.1 0.3

Monetary authorities - central bank

17.8 18.0 18.0 18.1 18.0 18.2 18.2 18.3 0.1

Credit intermediation and related
activities(1)

2,619.7 2,571.1 2,564.8 2,564.4 2,623.9 2,575.8 2,570.1 2,568.8 -1.3

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,733.3 1,705.0 1,701.1 1,699.6 1,735.5 1,707.4 1,703.5 1,701.7 -1.8

Commercial banking

1,310.0 1,280.9 1,276.6 1,272.5 1,312.7 1,281.4 1,278.4 1,275.1 -3.3

Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts

861.4 870.5 871.0 869.1 864.2 870.8 872.4 872.1 -0.3

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,365.0 2,409.3 2,408.5 2,414.0 2,368.4 2,412.0 2,415.1 2,416.9 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,004.9 2,000.6 2,025.5 2,051.1 1,997.5 2,033.4 2,040.3 2,042.7 2.4

Real estate

1,456.3 1,458.3 1,470.6 1,481.0 1,453.9 1,478.4 1,479.0 1,479.0 0.0

Rental and leasing services

525.4 520.2 532.8 548.0 520.1 532.7 539.0 541.3 2.3

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

23.2 22.1 22.1 22.1 23.5 22.3 22.3 22.4 0.1

Professional and business services

18,510 18,832 19,066 19,153 18,511 19,020 19,091 19,146 55

Professional and technical services(1)

8,059.8 8,326.6 8,362.2 8,266.1 8,114.6 8,265.4 8,290.8 8,315.5 24.7

Legal services

1,131.3 1,134.4 1,131.8 1,132.1 1,133.8 1,137.8 1,135.7 1,135.0 -0.7

Accounting and bookkeeping services

888.3 1,052.3 1,040.9 902.1 934.1 936.2 939.8 943.9 4.1

Architectural and engineering services

1,350.0 1,369.1 1,379.5 1,394.3 1,350.3 1,386.8 1,390.2 1,394.7 4.5

Computer systems design and related services

1,688.8 1,728.6 1,745.9 1,753.5 1,692.9 1,739.3 1,750.0 1,756.6 6.6

Management and technical consulting services

1,169.3 1,199.1 1,207.4 1,218.2 1,170.4 1,209.1 1,212.2 1,219.0 6.8

Management of companies and enterprises

2,086.8 2,112.8 2,123.0 2,131.4 2,090.9 2,120.7 2,132.7 2,134.5 1.8

Administrative and waste services

8,363.4 8,392.2 8,580.4 8,755.6 8,305.2 8,634.0 8,667.6 8,695.5 27.9

Administrative and support services(1)

7,986.8 8,021.5 8,205.9 8,376.7 7,928.9 8,255.8 8,289.2 8,317.0 27.8

Employment services(1)

3,285.2 3,427.2 3,481.9 3,556.0 3,300.9 3,528.6 3,550.9 3,571.1 20.2

Temporary help services

2,622.7 2,741.2 2,785.8 2,849.5 2,635.4 2,828.9 2,844.9 2,859.2 14.3

Business support services

841.5 858.5 854.5 850.2 849.9 860.1 860.5 859.1 -1.4

Services to buildings and dwellings

1,954.8 1,802.3 1,924.3 2,009.6 1,874.9 1,923.6 1,926.3 1,929.5 3.2

Waste management and remediation services

376.6 370.7 374.5 378.9 376.3 378.2 378.4 378.5 0.1

Education and health services

21,127 21,481 21,539 21,504 21,069 21,330 21,369 21,432 63

Educational services

3,391.5 3,539.1 3,561.2 3,447.2 3,354.8 3,383.2 3,393.9 3,401.5 7.6

Health care and social assistance

17,735.2 17,941.4 17,977.6 18,056.4 17,714.0 17,946.8 17,975.3 18,030.2 54.9

Health care(3)

14,475.4 14,624.9 14,646.9 14,695.3 14,482.9 14,650.0 14,668.0 14,701.6 33.6

Ambulatory health care services(1)

6,465.5 6,597.3 6,615.9 6,646.6 6,466.9 6,611.4 6,623.0 6,646.1 23.1

Offices of physicians

2,425.5 2,473.9 2,476.3 2,480.3 2,431.9 2,477.3 2,482.1 2,485.7 3.6

Outpatient care centers

676.9 705.9 710.7 716.7 676.3 706.6 711.0 715.2 4.2

Home health care services

1,233.0 1,265.7 1,270.6 1,279.8 1,230.9 1,269.6 1,271.7 1,278.4 6.7

Hospitals

4,784.0 4,792.7 4,786.2 4,795.3 4,792.0 4,794.6 4,796.2 4,803.1 6.9

Nursing and residential care facilities(1)

3,225.9 3,234.9 3,244.8 3,253.4 3,224.0 3,244.0 3,248.8 3,252.4 3.6

Nursing care facilities

1,654.6 1,644.1 1,650.0 1,653.4 1,653.7 1,648.8 1,651.8 1,652.3 0.5

Social assistance(1)

3,259.8 3,316.5 3,330.7 3,361.1 3,231.1 3,296.8 3,307.3 3,328.6 21.3

Child day care services

868.2 876.1 878.6 890.1 842.4 855.2 856.6 860.1 3.5

Leisure and hospitality

14,453 14,143 14,462 14,845 14,198 14,526 14,550 14,589 39

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2,103.6 1,939.7 2,033.8 2,167.4 2,026.6 2,087.8 2,085.9 2,090.5 4.6

Performing arts and spectator sports

439.8 420.9 448.8 459.0 417.5 436.3 436.4 436.3 -0.1

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

143.9 134.5 139.8 149.5 138.5 142.3 142.1 143.6 1.5

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,519.9 1,384.3 1,445.2 1,558.9 1,470.6 1,509.2 1,507.4 1,510.6 3.2

Accommodation and food services

12,349.1 12,203.2 12,428.0 12,677.6 12,171.4 12,438.2 12,463.7 12,498.1 34.4

Accommodation

1,864.7 1,805.9 1,828.5 1,881.5 1,861.3 1,872.4 1,874.3 1,877.0 2.7

Food services and drinking places

10,484.4 10,397.3 10,599.5 10,796.1 10,310.1 10,565.8 10,589.4 10,621.1 31.7

Other services

5,487 5,464 5,501 5,535 5,465 5,494 5,507 5,511 4

Repair and maintenance

1,218.9 1,209.0 1,220.1 1,226.5 1,211.6 1,212.8 1,216.8 1,218.0 1.2

Personal and laundry services

1,350.5 1,351.7 1,365.3 1,378.5 1,337.1 1,359.2 1,363.2 1,365.0 1.8

Membership associations and organizations

2,917.7 2,903.4 2,915.4 2,930.2 2,916.3 2,922.0 2,927.3 2,927.5 0.2

Government

22,248 22,263 22,302 22,263 21,852 21,856 21,868 21,869 1

Federal

2,776.0 2,705.0 2,717.0 2,714.0 2,768.0 2,713.0 2,710.0 2,705.0 -5.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,186.8 2,117.6 2,118.5 2,126.4 2,179.5 2,125.4 2,121.0 2,118.2 -2.8

U.S. Postal Service

589.0 587.1 598.7 588.0 588.9 587.9 588.6 587.0 -1.6

State government

5,078.0 5,217.0 5,229.0 5,090.0 5,047.0 5,064.0 5,067.0 5,062.0 -5.0

State government education

2,417.3 2,565.2 2,573.0 2,423.9 2,393.8 2,406.5 2,408.6 2,403.3 -5.3

State government, excluding education

2,660.5 2,651.8 2,656.4 2,666.1 2,653.0 2,657.7 2,658.0 2,658.8 0.8

Local government

14,394.0 14,341.0 14,356.0 14,459.0 14,037.0 14,079.0 14,091.0 14,102.0 11.0

Local government education

8,134.7 8,147.8 8,145.0 8,147.0 7,769.3 7,781.4 7,793.8 7,787.2 -6.6

Local government, excluding education

6,259.0 6,193.1 6,210.8 6,312.3 6,267.3 6,297.1 6,296.9 6,314.9 18.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.5 34.5 34.5 34.5

Goods-producing

40.4 40.7 40.5 40.6

Mining and logging

43.8 45.6 44.5 44.4

Construction

39.2 39.1 39.1 38.9

Manufacturing

40.8 41.1 40.9 41.1

Durable goods

41.2 41.4 41.4 41.6

Nondurable goods

40.2 40.4 40.0 40.2

Private service-providing

33.3 33.3 33.3 33.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.6 34.4 34.5 34.5

Wholesale trade

38.8 38.9 38.8 39.0

Retail trade

31.6 31.2 31.4 31.2

Transportation and warehousing

38.6 38.6 38.7 38.6

Utilities

42.2 42.4 42.3 42.3

Information

36.7 37.0 37.0 37.0

Financial activities

37.2 37.3 37.1 37.3

Professional and business services

36.1 36.3 36.2 36.3

Education and health services

32.8 32.6 32.8 32.8

Leisure and hospitality

26.0 26.2 26.1 26.1

Other services

31.9 31.8 31.8 31.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.3 3.5 3.5 3.5

Durable goods

3.3 3.6 3.5 3.6

Nondurable goods

3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)

Total private

$23.89 $24.32 $24.33 $24.38 $824.21 $839.04 $839.39 $841.11

Goods-producing

25.06 25.59 25.57 25.61 1,012.42 1,041.51 1,035.59 1,039.77

Mining and logging

29.50 30.84 30.78 30.95 1,292.10 1,406.30 1,369.71 1,374.18

Construction

26.05 26.50 26.55 26.59 1,021.16 1,036.15 1,038.11 1,034.35

Manufacturing

24.26 24.73 24.67 24.72 989.81 1,016.40 1,009.00 1,015.99

Durable goods

25.67 26.11 26.02 26.05 1,057.60 1,080.95 1,077.23 1,083.68

Nondurable goods

21.83 22.33 22.31 22.35 877.57 902.13 892.40 898.47

Private service-providing

23.61 24.01 24.03 24.09 786.21 799.53 800.20 804.61

Trade, transportation, and utilities

20.92 21.33 21.37 21.42 723.83 733.75 737.27 738.99

Wholesale trade

27.59 28.02 28.10 28.10 1,070.49 1,089.98 1,090.28 1,095.90

Retail trade

16.59 16.87 16.93 16.96 524.24 526.34 531.60 529.15

Transportation and warehousing

22.27 22.85 22.95 22.95 859.62 882.01 888.17 885.87

Utilities

35.14 35.65 35.43 35.56 1,482.91 1,511.56 1,498.69 1,504.19

Information

32.67 33.65 33.87 33.82 1,198.99 1,245.05 1,253.19 1,251.34

Financial activities

30.01 30.61 30.55 30.60 1,116.37 1,141.75 1,133.41 1,141.38

Professional and business services

28.48 28.99 29.01 29.11 1,028.13 1,052.34 1,050.16 1,056.69

Education and health services

24.37 24.59 24.60 24.63 799.34 801.63 806.88 807.86

Leisure and hospitality

13.45 13.73 13.75 13.78 349.70 359.73 358.88 359.66

Other services

21.30 21.74 21.74 21.77 679.47 691.33 691.33 692.29

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)
Percent change from:
Apr.
2014 - May
2014(p)
May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)
Percent change from:
Apr.
2014 - May
2014(p)

Total private

98.5 100.1 100.4 100.6 0.2 112.3 116.2 116.5 117.0 0.4

Goods-producing

85.9 87.8 87.6 87.9 0.3 97.3 101.6 101.3 101.8 0.5

Mining and logging

118.5 128.4 126.4 126.4 0.0 140.4 159.0 156.2 157.1 0.6

Construction

78.6 80.4 80.8 80.5 -0.4 89.0 92.6 93.3 93.0 -0.3

Manufacturing

88.0 89.4 89.0 89.5 0.6 99.3 102.8 102.1 102.8 0.7

Durable goods

87.4 88.7 88.8 89.4 0.7 99.6 102.9 102.6 103.5 0.9

Nondurable goods

89.5 90.2 89.2 89.5 0.3 99.2 102.2 101.0 101.5 0.5

Private service-providing

101.8 103.5 103.8 104.3 0.5 116.6 120.5 120.9 121.8 0.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

96.9 98.1 98.7 98.8 0.1 109.1 112.6 113.5 113.9 0.4

Wholesale trade

97.0 99.1 99.1 99.8 0.7 111.7 115.9 116.2 117.0 0.7

Retail trade

96.3 96.7 97.6 97.1 -0.5 105.6 107.9 109.3 108.9 -0.4

Transportation and warehousing

98.8 101.0 101.5 101.6 0.1 111.7 117.1 118.2 118.3 0.1

Utilities

100.9 101.2 100.8 100.8 0.0 117.2 119.2 118.0 118.4 0.3

Information

90.0 89.8 89.9 89.7 -0.2 104.7 107.7 108.4 108.0 -0.4

Financial activities

95.9 96.6 96.2 96.7 0.5 112.3 115.4 114.6 115.5 0.8

Professional and business services

105.1 108.6 108.7 109.3 0.6 121.3 127.5 127.7 128.9 0.9

Education and health services

110.9 111.6 112.5 112.8 0.3 127.3 129.3 130.4 130.9 0.4

Leisure and hospitality

105.3 108.6 108.4 108.6 0.2 114.3 120.3 120.2 120.8 0.5

Other services

96.6 96.8 97.0 97.1 0.1 116.8 119.4 119.7 120.0 0.3

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)

Total nonfarm

67,265 68,160 68,307 68,393 49.4 49.4 49.4 49.4

Total private

54,803 55,681 55,818 55,912 48.0 48.0 48.0 48.0

Goods-producing

4,115 4,152 4,157 4,162 22.0 21.9 21.9 21.9

Mining and logging

117 119 121 121 13.6 13.3 13.4 13.4

Construction

744 757 759 760 12.8 12.7 12.7 12.7

Manufacturing

3,254 3,276 3,277 3,281 27.1 27.1 27.1 27.1

Durable goods

1,738 1,752 1,754 1,761 23.1 23.0 23.0 23.1

Nondurable goods

1,516 1,524 1,523 1,520 34.0 34.1 34.1 34.1

Private service-providing

50,688 51,529 51,661 51,750 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

10,415 10,626 10,655 10,661 40.4 40.5 40.5 40.5

Wholesale trade

1,695.8 1,721.6 1,728.4 1,728.4 29.6 29.5 29.5 29.5

Retail trade

7,531.0 7,690.1 7,710.6 7,715.5 50.2 50.4 50.4 50.4

Transportation and warehousing

1,051.5 1,079.7 1,082.6 1,083.5 23.5 23.6 23.6 23.6

Utilities

136.9 134.1 133.6 133.8 24.8 24.3 24.3 24.3

Information

1,070 1,068 1,068 1,066 39.8 40.2 40.2 40.2

Financial activities

4,538 4,536 4,539 4,533 57.6 57.3 57.3 57.2

Professional and business services

8,232 8,494 8,533 8,556 44.5 44.7 44.7 44.7

Education and health services

16,189 16,378 16,413 16,456 76.8 76.8 76.8 76.8

Leisure and hospitality

7,382 7,547 7,566 7,586 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0

Other services

2,862 2,880 2,887 2,892 52.4 52.4 52.4 52.5

Government

12,462 12,479 12,489 12,481 57.0 57.1 57.1 57.1

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)

Total private

94,352 95,993 96,233 96,395

Goods-producing

13,421 13,657 13,702 13,697

Mining and logging

632 658 665 665

Construction

4,392 4,511 4,542 4,532

Manufacturing

8,397 8,488 8,495 8,500

Durable goods

5,169 5,236 5,245 5,253

Nondurable goods

3,228 3,252 3,250 3,247

Private service-providing

80,931 82,336 82,531 82,698

Trade, transportation, and utilities

21,792 22,161 22,219 22,242

Wholesale trade

4,619.2 4,713.8 4,737.6 4,741.6

Retail trade

12,860.9 13,047.1 13,072.4 13,077.2

Transportation and warehousing

3,865.5 3,953.3 3,963.2 3,977.8

Utilities

446.2 446.4 445.6 445.3

Information

2,180 2,155 2,157 2,155

Financial activities

6,059 6,099 6,109 6,113

Professional and business services

15,304 15,784 15,845 15,897

Education and health services

18,488 18,730 18,764 18,819

Leisure and hospitality

12,548 12,828 12,848 12,878

Other services

4,560 4,579 4,589 4,594

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.7 33.7 33.7 33.7

Goods-producing

41.4 41.5 41.4 41.5

Mining and logging

46.1 47.7 47.1 47.0

Construction

39.9 39.6 39.7 39.5

Manufacturing

41.8 42.0 41.9 42.1

Durable goods

42.2 42.4 42.4 42.6

Nondurable goods

41.2 41.4 41.2 41.3

Private service-providing

32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

33.9 33.5 33.6 33.6

Wholesale trade

38.9 38.7 38.6 38.7

Retail trade

30.4 29.9 30.0 29.9

Transportation and warehousing

38.5 38.4 38.5 38.6

Utilities

41.9 42.1 42.2 42.0

Information

36.0 36.2 36.2 36.2

Financial activities

36.7 36.8 36.6 36.7

Professional and business services

35.3 35.5 35.5 35.5

Education and health services

32.2 32.0 32.1 32.0

Leisure and hospitality

25.0 25.2 25.2 25.2

Other services

30.8 30.8 30.7 30.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.3 4.5 4.4 4.6

Durable goods

4.3 4.6 4.6 4.8

Nondurable goods

4.3 4.4 4.2 4.3

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)

Total private

$20.06 $20.48 $20.51 $20.54 $676.02 $690.18 $691.19 $692.20

Goods-producing

21.23 21.49 21.50 21.55 878.92 891.84 890.10 894.33

Mining and logging

27.08 26.55 26.55 26.89 1,248.39 1,266.44 1,250.51 1,263.83

Construction

24.23 24.51 24.61 24.64 966.78 970.60 977.02 973.28

Manufacturing

19.25 19.53 19.49 19.53 804.65 820.26 816.63 822.21

Durable goods

20.29 20.63 20.57 20.65 856.24 874.71 872.17 879.69

Nondurable goods

17.54 17.73 17.68 17.67 722.65 734.02 728.42 729.77

Private service-providing

19.82 20.27 20.30 20.33 644.15 656.75 657.72 658.69

Trade, transportation, and utilities

17.65 18.16 18.23 18.22 598.34 608.36 612.53 612.19

Wholesale trade

22.58 23.12 23.22 23.02 878.36 894.74 896.29 890.87

Retail trade

13.91 14.27 14.32 14.35 422.86 426.67 429.60 429.07

Transportation and warehousing

19.70 20.40 20.51 20.56 758.45 783.36 789.64 793.62

Utilities

32.02 32.83 32.82 32.94 1,341.64 1,382.14 1,385.00 1,383.48

Information

27.76 28.58 28.66 28.63 999.36 1,034.60 1,037.49 1,036.41

Financial activities

23.78 24.59 24.57 24.65 872.73 904.91 899.26 904.66

Professional and business services

23.64 24.14 24.15 24.22 834.49 856.97 857.33 859.81

Education and health services

21.22 21.52 21.53 21.56 683.28 688.64 691.11 689.92

Leisure and hospitality

11.75 11.96 11.96 12.01 293.75 301.39 301.39 302.65

Other services

17.89 18.27 18.33 18.32 551.01 562.72 562.73 564.26

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)
Percent change from:
Apr.
2014 - May
2014(p)
May
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
May
2014(p)
Percent change from:
Apr.
2014 - May
2014(p)

Total private

106.0 107.8 108.1 108.3 0.2 142.0 147.5 148.1 148.6 0.3

Goods-producing

84.9 86.6 86.7 86.9 0.2 110.4 114.0 114.1 114.6 0.4

Mining and logging

154.8 166.8 166.4 166.1 -0.2 243.8 257.5 257.0 259.7 1.1

Construction

87.7 89.4 90.3 89.6 -0.8 114.8 118.4 120.0 119.3 -0.6

Manufacturing

80.6 81.8 81.7 82.1 0.5 101.4 104.5 104.1 104.9 0.8

Durable goods

82.0 83.4 83.6 84.1 0.6 103.8 107.4 107.3 108.4 1.0

Nondurable goods

78.4 79.3 78.9 79.0 0.1 97.1 99.4 98.6 98.7 0.1

Private service-providing

112.0 113.6 113.9 114.1 0.2 152.3 158.0 158.6 159.1 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

103.0 103.5 104.1 104.2 0.1 129.7 134.1 135.3 135.4 0.1

Wholesale trade

105.8 107.4 107.7 108.1 0.4 140.8 146.3 147.3 146.5 -0.5

Retail trade

99.0 98.7 99.3 99.0 -0.3 118.0 120.8 121.8 121.7 -0.1

Transportation and warehousing

112.0 114.3 114.9 115.6 0.6 140.0 147.9 149.4 150.7 0.9

Utilities

95.6 96.1 96.2 95.6 -0.6 127.8 131.7 131.7 131.5 -0.2

Information

89.6 89.0 89.1 89.0 -0.1 123.1 126.0 126.4 126.2 -0.2

Financial activities

104.7 105.7 105.3 105.6 0.3 153.1 159.8 159.1 160.2 0.7

Professional and business services

121.1 125.6 126.1 126.5 0.3 170.3 180.4 181.2 182.3 0.6

Education and health services

127.1 127.9 128.6 128.5 -0.1 177.9 181.6 182.6 182.8 0.1

Leisure and hospitality

114.9 118.4 118.6 118.9 0.3 153.3 160.8 161.1 162.1 0.6

Other services

98.5 98.9 98.8 99.2 0.4 128.4 131.7 132.0 132.5 0.4

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary


Last Modified Date: June 06, 2014