Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until	               USDL-25-1089
8:30 a.m. (ET) Thursday, July 3, 2025

Technical information: 
 Household data:      (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:  (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:	      (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                           THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- JUNE 2025


Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 147,000 in June, and the unemployment rate
changed little at 4.1 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Job gains
occurred in state government and health care. Federal government continued to lose jobs.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey measures
labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The establishment
survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For more information
about the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys, see the Technical
Note.

Household Survey Data

Both the unemployment rate, at 4.1 percent, and the number of unemployed people, at 7.0
million, changed little in June. The unemployment rate has remained in a narrow range of 4.0
percent to 4.2 percent since May 2024. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for Blacks (6.8 percent) increased in
June, while the rates for adult women (3.6 percent) and Whites (3.6 percent) decreased. The
jobless rates for adult men (3.9 percent), teenagers (14.4 percent), Asians (3.5 percent), and
Hispanics (4.8 percent) showed little or no change over the month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and
A-3.)

In June, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) increased by
190,000 to 1.6 million, largely offsetting a decrease in the prior month. The long-term
unemployed accounted for 23.3 percent of all unemployed people. (See table A-12.)

The labor force participation rate changed little at 62.3 percent in June, and the employment-
population ratio held at 59.7 percent. (See table A-1.)

The number of people employed part time for economic reasons, at 4.5 million, changed little
in June. These individuals would have preferred full-time employment but were working part
time because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See
table A-8.)

The number of people not in the labor force who currently want a job was essentially unchanged
at 6.0 million in June. These individuals were not counted as unemployed because they were not
actively looking for work during the 4 weeks preceding the survey or were unavailable to take
a job. (See table A-1.)

Among those not in the labor force who wanted a job, the number of people marginally attached
to the labor force increased by 234,000 in June to 1.8 million. These individuals wanted and
were available for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months but had not
looked for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. The number of discouraged workers, a
subset of the marginally attached who believed that no jobs were available for them, increased
by 256,000 in June to 637,000. (See Summary table A.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 147,000 in June, in line with the average
monthly gain of 146,000 over the prior 12 months. In June, job gains occurred in state
government and health care. Federal government continued to lose jobs. (See table B-1.)

Government employment rose by 73,000 in June. Employment in state government increased by
47,000, largely in education (+40,000). Employment in local government education continued to
trend up (+23,000). Job losses continued in federal government (-7,000), where employment is
down by 69,000 since reaching a recent peak in January. (Employees on paid leave or receiving
ongoing severance pay are counted as employed in the establishment survey.)

Health care added 39,000 jobs in June, similar to the average monthly gain of 43,000 over the
prior 12 months. In June, job gains occurred in hospitals (+16,000) and in nursing and
residential care facilities (+14,000).

In June, social assistance employment continued to trend up (+19,000), reflecting continued
growth in individual and family services (+16,000).

Employment showed little change over the month in other major industries, including mining,
quarrying, and oil and gas extraction; construction; manufacturing; wholesale trade; retail
trade; transportation and warehousing; information; financial activities; professional and
business services; leisure and hospitality; and other services.

Average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 8 cents, or 0.2
percent, to $36.30 in June. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by
3.7 percent. In June, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory
employees rose by 9 cents, or 0.3 percent, to $31.24. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged down by 0.1 hour to
34.2 hours in June. In manufacturing, the average workweek held at 40.1 hours, and overtime
was unchanged at 2.9 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees
on private nonfarm payrolls declined by 0.2 hour to 33.5 hours in June. (See tables B-2 and
B-7.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for April was revised up by 11,000, from
+147,000 to +158,000, and the change for May was revised up by 5,000, from +139,000 to
+144,000. With these revisions, employment in April and May combined is 16,000 higher than
previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from
businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates and from the
recalculation of seasonal factors.)

_____________
The Employment Situation for July is scheduled to be released on Friday, August 1, 2025,
at 8:30 a.m. (ET).


 ___________________________________________________________________________________________
|											    |
|             2025 Preliminary Benchmark Revision to Establishment Survey Data		    |
|                           to be released on September 9, 2025				    |
|											    |
| Each year, the establishment survey estimates are benchmarked to comprehensive counts	    |
| of employment from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) for the month	    |
| of March. These counts are derived from state unemployment insurance (UI) tax records	    |
| that nearly all employers are required to file. At 10:00 a.m. (ET) on September 9,	    |
| 2025, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will release the preliminary estimate of	    |
| the upcoming annual benchmark revision to the establishment survey data. This is the	    |
| same day that the first-quarter 2025 data from QCEW will be issued.			    |
|											    |
| The final benchmark revision will be issued with the publication of the January 2026	    |
| Employment Situation news release in February 2026.					    |
|___________________________________________________________________________________________|

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Category	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025	Change from: May 2025- June 2025
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population	268,438	273,197	273,385	273,585	200
Civilian labor force	168,005	171,135	170,510	170,380	-130
Participation rate	62.6	62.6	62.4	62.3	-0.1
Employed	161,155	163,969	163,273	163,366	93
Employment-population ratio	60.0	60.0	59.7	59.7	0.0
Unemployed	6,849	7,166	7,237	7,015	-222
Unemployment rate	4.1	4.2	4.2	4.1	-0.1
Not in labor force	100,434	102,062	102,875	103,204	329
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over	4.1	4.2	4.2	4.1	-0.1
Adult men (20 years and over)	3.8	4.0	3.9	3.9	0.0
Adult women (20 years and over)	3.7	3.7	3.9	3.6	-0.3
Teenagers (16 to 19 years)	12.3	13.0	13.4	14.4	1.0
White	3.5	3.8	3.8	3.6	-0.2
Black or African American	6.3	6.3	6.0	6.8	0.8
Asian	4.1	3.0	3.6	3.5	-0.1
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	4.9	5.2	5.1	4.8	-0.3
Total, 25 years and over	3.3	3.4	3.4	3.3	-0.1
Less than a high school diploma	6.0	6.1	5.5	5.8	0.3
High school graduates, no college	4.2	4.0	4.5	4.0	-0.5
Some college or associate degree	3.4	3.7	3.3	3.2	-0.1
Bachelor's degree and higher	2.4	2.5	2.6	2.5	-0.1
Reason for unemployment
Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs	3,187	3,455	3,457	3,293	-164
Job leavers	754	855	704	825	121
Reentrants	2,103	2,235	2,288	2,145	-143
New entrants	701	701	725	710	-15
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks	2,130	2,187	2,451	2,241	-210
5 to 14 weeks	2,108	2,269	2,208	2,131	-77
15 to 26 weeks	1,066	987	1,039	1,063	24
27 weeks and over	1,533	1,675	1,457	1,647	190
Employed people at work part time
Part time for economic reasons	4,225	4,690	4,624	4,465	-159
Slack work or business conditions	2,842	3,148	3,007	3,109	102
Could only find part-time work	1,154	1,260	1,385	1,161	-224
Part time for noneconomic reasons	22,323	22,723	22,588	22,556	-32
People not in the labor force
Marginally attached to the labor force	1,511	1,617	1,556	1,790	234
Discouraged workers	369	414	381	637	256
NOTE: People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	87	158	144	147
Total private	66	133	137	74
Goods-producing	4	2	-4	6
Mining and logging	-1	2	-3	-2
Construction	15	0	6	15
Manufacturing	-10	0	-7	-7
Durable goods(1)	-14	3	-7	-5
Motor vehicles and parts	4.3	-3.2	1.0	-0.5
Nondurable goods	4	-3	0	-2
Private service-providing	62	131	141	68
Wholesale trade	3.7	1.3	3.7	-6.6
Retail trade	-21.1	4.7	-7.1	2.4
Transportation and warehousing	7.9	-7.6	4.5	7.5
Utilities	1.1	-1.2	2.8	0.6
Information	0	1	5	3
Financial activities	8	5	10	3
Professional and business services(1)	-17	27	0	-7
Temporary help services	-26.0	16.9	-5.7	-2.6
Private education and health services(1)	77	85	83	51
Health care and social assistance	72.3	78.7	80.7	58.6
Leisure and hospitality	-8	18	29	20
Other services	11	-3	10	-5
Government	21	25	7	73
(3-month average change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	133	127	141	150
Total private	118	118	128	115
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)
Total nonfarm women employees	49.9	49.9	49.9	49.9
Total private women employees	48.4	48.4	48.4	48.4
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees	81.4	81.5	81.5	81.5
HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	34.3	34.3	34.3	34.2
Average hourly earnings	$35.00	$36.08	$36.22	$36.30
Average weekly earnings	$1,200.50	$1,237.54	$1,242.35	$1,241.46
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)	115.9	116.9	117.1	116.8
Over-the-month percent change	0.1	0.1	0.2	-0.3
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)	193.9	201.7	202.7	202.7
Over-the-month percent change	0.4	0.2	0.5	0.0
DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)(5)
Total private (250 industries)	53.0	48.2	51.8	49.6
Manufacturing (72 industries)	41.7	37.5	40.3	52.1
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. (4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. (5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 136,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 600,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cestn.htm#Revisions-Between-Preliminary-and-Final-Data.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes. About 45 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes. Monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed people limited to just those receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No. The estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All people who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes. However, there are separate estimates of people outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   It is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll
   employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment
   estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period.
   Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in
   the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid,
   please visit www.bls.gov/ces/publications/length-pay-period.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. People who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of people who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   people who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit data.bls.gov/toppicks?survey=ln.

Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 121,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 631,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll jobs.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during
the 4-week period ending with the reference week. People laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of the employed and unemployed.
Those people not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including people on paid leave. People are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2022 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable. The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or 
more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and
duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component
series and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted
total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 136,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-86,000 to +186,000 (50,000 +/- 136,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. Benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries
when necessary. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.1 percent, with a range from -0.3 percent to 0.3 percent.

Other information

   If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1
to access telecommunications relay services.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	June 2024	May 2025	June 2025	June 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population	268,438	273,385	273,585	268,438	272,847	273,023	273,197	273,385	273,585
Civilian labor force	169,007	170,216	171,343	168,005	170,359	170,591	171,135	170,510	170,380
Participation rate	63.0	62.3	62.6	62.6	62.4	62.5	62.6	62.4	62.3
Employed	161,774	163,401	163,883	161,155	163,307	163,508	163,969	163,273	163,366
Employment-population ratio	60.3	59.8	59.9	60.0	59.9	59.9	60.0	59.7	59.7
Unemployed	7,233	6,815	7,460	6,849	7,052	7,083	7,166	7,237	7,015
Unemployment rate	4.3	4.0	4.4	4.1	4.1	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.1
Not in labor force	99,431	103,169	102,242	100,434	102,487	102,431	102,062	102,875	103,204
People who currently want a job	5,655	6,567	6,455	5,256	5,893	5,915	5,672	5,991	6,030
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	130,875	133,351	133,449	130,875	133,089	133,175	133,260	133,351	133,449
Civilian labor force	89,900	90,249	91,247	89,140	89,987	90,244	90,693	90,392	90,461
Participation rate	68.7	67.7	68.4	68.1	67.6	67.8	68.1	67.8	67.8
Employed	86,182	86,565	87,272	85,446	86,226	86,443	86,733	86,486	86,575
Employment-population ratio	65.9	64.9	65.4	65.3	64.8	64.9	65.1	64.9	64.9
Unemployed	3,719	3,685	3,975	3,694	3,761	3,800	3,960	3,906	3,886
Unemployment rate	4.1	4.1	4.4	4.1	4.2	4.2	4.4	4.3	4.3
Not in labor force	40,974	43,102	42,202	41,734	43,102	42,932	42,567	42,959	42,988
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	121,929	124,261	124,361	121,929	123,996	124,082	124,166	124,261	124,361
Civilian labor force	85,994	87,032	87,428	85,862	86,594	86,887	87,309	87,087	87,250
Participation rate	70.5	70.0	70.3	70.4	69.8	70.0	70.3	70.1	70.2
Employed	82,865	83,836	84,147	82,600	83,311	83,563	83,858	83,704	83,872
Employment-population ratio	68.0	67.5	67.7	67.7	67.2	67.3	67.5	67.4	67.4
Unemployed	3,129	3,196	3,281	3,261	3,283	3,324	3,451	3,383	3,378
Unemployment rate	3.6	3.7	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.8	4.0	3.9	3.9
Not in labor force	35,935	37,229	36,933	36,067	37,402	37,195	36,857	37,174	37,111
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	137,564	140,033	140,136	137,564	139,758	139,848	139,937	140,033	140,136
Civilian labor force	79,107	79,967	80,095	78,864	80,372	80,348	80,442	80,118	79,920
Participation rate	57.5	57.1	57.2	57.3	57.5	57.5	57.5	57.2	57.0
Employed	75,592	76,836	76,611	75,709	77,081	77,065	77,236	76,787	76,791
Employment-population ratio	55.0	54.9	54.7	55.0	55.2	55.1	55.2	54.8	54.8
Unemployed	3,515	3,130	3,484	3,155	3,291	3,283	3,206	3,331	3,129
Unemployment rate	4.4	3.9	4.4	4.0	4.1	4.1	4.0	4.2	3.9
Not in labor force	58,457	60,067	60,041	58,699	59,385	59,500	59,495	59,915	60,216
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	128,922	131,268	131,374	128,922	130,991	131,080	131,167	131,268	131,374
Civilian labor force	75,336	76,861	76,552	75,616	77,115	76,997	77,241	76,968	76,865
Participation rate	58.4	58.6	58.3	58.7	58.9	58.7	58.9	58.6	58.5
Employed	72,339	74,073	73,630	72,828	74,205	74,159	74,379	73,979	74,134
Employment-population ratio	56.1	56.4	56.0	56.5	56.6	56.6	56.7	56.4	56.4
Unemployed	2,997	2,787	2,923	2,788	2,910	2,838	2,862	2,989	2,732
Unemployment rate	4.0	3.6	3.8	3.7	3.8	3.7	3.7	3.9	3.6
Not in labor force	53,585	54,407	54,822	53,306	53,876	54,082	53,926	54,300	54,509
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population	17,588	17,856	17,850	17,588	17,860	17,862	17,863	17,856	17,850
Civilian labor force	7,676	6,323	7,363	6,527	6,650	6,707	6,585	6,456	6,265
Participation rate	43.6	35.4	41.2	37.1	37.2	37.6	36.9	36.2	35.1
Employed	6,569	5,492	6,107	5,727	5,792	5,786	5,732	5,590	5,361
Employment-population ratio	37.3	30.8	34.2	32.6	32.4	32.4	32.1	31.3	30.0
Unemployed	1,107	831	1,256	800	858	921	853	866	905
Unemployment rate	14.4	13.1	17.1	12.3	12.9	13.7	13.0	13.4	14.4
Not in labor force	9,912	11,533	10,487	11,061	11,210	11,154	11,279	11,400	11,584
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	June 2024	May 2025	June 2025	June 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population	205,010	207,377	207,472	205,010	207,147	207,221	207,291	207,377	207,472
Civilian labor force	128,224	128,277	129,114	127,551	128,548	128,769	129,149	128,538	128,514
Participation rate	62.5	61.9	62.2	62.2	62.1	62.1	62.3	62.0	61.9
Employed	123,477	123,650	124,209	123,080	123,726	123,993	124,198	123,605	123,899
Employment-population ratio	60.2	59.6	59.9	60.0	59.7	59.8	59.9	59.6	59.7
Unemployed	4,747	4,627	4,905	4,470	4,822	4,776	4,952	4,934	4,615
Unemployment rate	3.7	3.6	3.8	3.5	3.8	3.7	3.8	3.8	3.6
Not in labor force	76,786	79,100	78,358	77,459	78,599	78,452	78,142	78,839	78,958
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	66,275	66,533	66,789	66,156	66,365	66,454	66,754	66,593	66,664
Participation rate	70.1	69.5	69.7	70.0	69.4	69.5	69.8	69.6	69.6
Employed	64,203	64,299	64,617	64,005	64,049	64,217	64,276	64,200	64,415
Employment-population ratio	67.9	67.2	67.5	67.7	67.0	67.1	67.2	67.1	67.3
Unemployed	2,072	2,234	2,172	2,151	2,316	2,237	2,478	2,392	2,250
Unemployment rate	3.1	3.4	3.3	3.3	3.5	3.4	3.7	3.6	3.4
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	55,969	56,799	56,671	56,280	57,060	57,193	57,326	56,923	57,000
Participation rate	57.3	57.5	57.3	57.6	57.8	57.9	58.0	57.6	57.6
Employed	54,059	55,065	54,779	54,515	55,117	55,307	55,440	55,047	55,244
Employment-population ratio	55.3	55.7	55.4	55.8	55.8	56.0	56.1	55.7	55.9
Unemployed	1,910	1,733	1,892	1,765	1,943	1,887	1,887	1,876	1,756
Unemployment rate	3.4	3.1	3.3	3.1	3.4	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.1
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	5,979	4,945	5,654	5,115	5,123	5,122	5,069	5,023	4,850
Participation rate	47.0	38.6	44.2	40.2	39.9	40.0	39.5	39.2	37.9
Employed	5,214	4,285	4,814	4,561	4,560	4,470	4,482	4,358	4,241
Employment-population ratio	41.0	33.5	37.6	35.9	35.6	34.9	35.0	34.0	33.1
Unemployed	765	660	841	554	562	653	587	665	609
Unemployment rate	12.8	13.3	14.9	10.8	11.0	12.7	11.6	13.2	12.6
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	34,982	35,751	35,784	34,982	35,653	35,687	35,719	35,751	35,784
Civilian labor force	22,126	22,189	22,317	21,947	22,340	22,196	22,185	22,174	22,161
Participation rate	63.3	62.1	62.4	62.7	62.7	62.2	62.1	62.0	61.9
Employed	20,654	20,876	20,707	20,565	21,002	20,826	20,787	20,843	20,650
Employment-population ratio	59.0	58.4	57.9	58.8	58.9	58.4	58.2	58.3	57.7
Unemployed	1,472	1,313	1,610	1,381	1,339	1,370	1,399	1,332	1,511
Unemployment rate	6.7	5.9	7.2	6.3	6.0	6.2	6.3	6.0	6.8
Not in labor force	12,856	13,562	13,467	13,035	13,313	13,491	13,534	13,577	13,623
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	10,328	10,416	10,527	10,271	10,347	10,511	10,504	10,409	10,473
Participation rate	69.5	68.5	69.2	69.1	68.3	69.3	69.2	68.5	68.8
Employed	9,715	9,876	9,813	9,645	9,773	9,870	9,917	9,869	9,752
Employment-population ratio	65.3	65.0	64.5	64.9	64.5	65.1	65.3	64.9	64.1
Unemployed	613	541	713	626	574	641	587	540	721
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.2	6.8	6.1	5.5	6.1	5.6	5.2	6.9
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	10,911	11,042	10,871	10,902	11,174	10,857	10,923	11,016	10,883
Participation rate	62.4	61.8	60.8	62.3	62.7	60.9	61.2	61.7	60.9
Employed	10,244	10,371	10,188	10,282	10,566	10,300	10,260	10,332	10,248
Employment-population ratio	58.5	58.0	57.0	58.8	59.3	57.8	57.5	57.8	57.3
Unemployed	667	671	682	620	607	557	663	684	634
Unemployment rate	6.1	6.1	6.3	5.7	5.4	5.1	6.1	6.2	5.8
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	888	731	919	774	820	828	759	749	806
Participation rate	33.9	27.3	34.3	29.6	30.6	30.9	28.3	27.9	30.0
Employed	695	630	706	638	662	655	610	641	651
Employment-population ratio	26.6	23.5	26.3	24.4	24.8	24.5	22.8	23.9	24.3
Unemployed	192	101	214	135	157	172	149	108	155
Unemployment rate	21.7	13.8	23.3	17.5	19.2	20.8	19.6	14.4	19.2
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	18,052	19,291	19,294	18,052	19,097	19,241	19,272	19,291	19,294
Civilian labor force	11,955	12,686	12,712	11,878	12,512	12,653	12,717	12,708	12,633
Participation rate	66.2	65.8	65.9	65.8	65.5	65.8	66.0	65.9	65.5
Employed	11,428	12,250	12,221	11,392	12,113	12,213	12,332	12,247	12,186
Employment-population ratio	63.3	63.5	63.3	63.1	63.4	63.5	64.0	63.5	63.2
Unemployed	527	435	491	486	399	441	385	461	447
Unemployment rate	4.4	3.4	3.9	4.1	3.2	3.5	3.0	3.6	3.5
Not in labor force	6,097	6,605	6,582	6,174	6,585	6,588	6,555	6,583	6,661
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	June 2024	May 2025	June 2025	June 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population	48,864	51,297	51,406	48,864	50,977	51,083	51,191	51,297	51,406
Civilian labor force	33,173	34,413	34,466	32,988	34,083	34,330	34,446	34,452	34,318
Participation rate	67.9	67.1	67.0	67.5	66.9	67.2	67.3	67.2	66.8
Employed	31,531	32,781	32,831	31,360	32,301	32,578	32,650	32,682	32,686
Employment-population ratio	64.5	63.9	63.9	64.2	63.4	63.8	63.8	63.7	63.6
Unemployed	1,642	1,632	1,635	1,628	1,782	1,752	1,795	1,770	1,632
Unemployment rate	4.9	4.7	4.7	4.9	5.2	5.1	5.2	5.1	4.8
Not in labor force	15,691	16,884	16,940	15,876	16,895	16,753	16,745	16,845	17,088
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	17,800	18,435	18,483	17,769	18,150	18,301	18,410	18,431	18,455
Participation rate	80.6	79.3	79.3	80.5	78.6	79.1	79.4	79.3	79.2
Employed	17,118	17,685	17,797	17,020	17,314	17,476	17,488	17,610	17,694
Employment-population ratio	77.5	76.1	76.4	77.1	75.0	75.5	75.4	75.7	75.9
Unemployed	682	750	686	749	836	825	921	821	761
Unemployment rate	3.8	4.1	3.7	4.2	4.6	4.5	5.0	4.5	4.1
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	13,566	14,464	14,291	13,545	14,347	14,398	14,512	14,473	14,305
Participation rate	61.1	62.2	61.3	61.1	62.1	62.1	62.5	62.2	61.3
Employed	12,932	13,781	13,639	12,932	13,621	13,732	13,846	13,742	13,668
Employment-population ratio	58.3	59.2	58.5	58.3	58.9	59.3	59.6	59.1	58.6
Unemployed	634	682	653	614	726	666	666	731	637
Unemployment rate	4.7	4.7	4.6	4.5	5.1	4.6	4.6	5.0	4.5
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	1,807	1,514	1,692	1,674	1,586	1,631	1,523	1,549	1,558
Participation rate	39.3	31.7	35.4	36.4	33.3	34.2	31.9	32.4	32.6
Employed	1,481	1,314	1,396	1,409	1,366	1,370	1,316	1,330	1,324
Employment-population ratio	32.2	27.5	29.2	30.7	28.7	28.8	27.6	27.9	27.7
Unemployed	326	200	296	265	220	261	208	218	234
Unemployment rate	18.1	13.2	17.5	15.8	13.8	16.0	13.6	14.1	15.0
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	June 2024	May 2025	June 2025	June 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force	9,346	9,310	9,228	9,137	9,060	9,061	8,891	9,055	9,019
Participation rate	48.0	47.9	47.3	46.9	48.3	48.1	46.4	46.6	46.2
Employed	8,849	8,860	8,753	8,591	8,519	8,538	8,344	8,553	8,496
Employment-population ratio	45.4	45.6	44.8	44.1	45.4	45.3	43.6	44.0	43.5
Unemployed	497	450	475	546	541	523	546	502	522
Unemployment rate	5.3	4.8	5.1	6.0	6.0	5.8	6.1	5.5	5.8
High school graduates, no college(1)
Civilian labor force	35,951	36,522	36,289	36,249	36,215	36,023	36,525	36,460	36,569
Participation rate	56.6	56.7	56.7	57.1	56.2	56.4	56.7	56.6	57.1
Employed	34,494	34,997	34,916	34,721	34,676	34,538	35,069	34,836	35,124
Employment-population ratio	54.3	54.4	54.5	54.7	53.8	54.1	54.5	54.1	54.8
Unemployed	1,457	1,526	1,373	1,528	1,539	1,485	1,456	1,623	1,446
Unemployment rate	4.1	4.2	3.8	4.2	4.2	4.1	4.0	4.5	4.0
Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force	35,473	35,869	36,102	35,591	36,423	36,196	36,491	36,128	36,218
Participation rate	62.5	62.4	62.7	62.7	63.3	62.5	62.8	62.8	62.9
Employed	34,244	34,766	34,951	34,371	35,155	34,930	35,157	34,946	35,069
Employment-population ratio	60.3	60.5	60.7	60.6	61.1	60.3	60.5	60.8	60.9
Unemployed	1,229	1,103	1,151	1,220	1,268	1,266	1,334	1,181	1,149
Unemployment rate	3.5	3.1	3.2	3.4	3.5	3.5	3.7	3.3	3.2
Bachelor's degree and higher(2)
Civilian labor force	64,855	66,678	66,266	65,326	66,292	66,752	66,666	66,744	66,761
Participation rate	72.3	72.2	71.5	72.8	71.8	72.0	72.7	72.3	72.0
Employed	63,198	65,066	64,486	63,779	64,655	65,014	65,005	65,022	65,089
Employment-population ratio	70.4	70.5	69.5	71.1	70.1	70.1	70.9	70.4	70.2
Unemployed	1,657	1,612	1,779	1,548	1,637	1,738	1,661	1,722	1,672
Unemployment rate	2.6	2.4	2.7	2.4	2.5	2.6	2.5	2.6	2.5
Footnotes (1) Includes people with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes people with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Total		Men		Women
	June 2024	June 2025	June 2024	June 2025	June 2024	June 2025
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	17,582	17,266	15,532	15,189	2,050	2,077
Civilian labor force	8,295	8,160	7,151	7,011	1,145	1,149
Participation rate	47.2	47.3	46.0	46.2	55.8	55.3
Employed	8,060	7,862	6,952	6,763	1,108	1,098
Employment-population ratio	45.8	45.5	44.8	44.5	54.0	52.9
Unemployed	236	298	199	248	37	50
Unemployment rate	2.8	3.7	2.8	3.5	3.2	4.4
Not in labor force	9,287	9,106	8,381	8,178	905	928
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	5,252	5,628	4,343	4,622	909	1,005
Civilian labor force	4,163	4,390	3,507	3,650	656	740
Participation rate	79.3	78.0	80.7	79.0	72.2	73.6
Employed	4,008	4,222	3,372	3,509	636	713
Employment-population ratio	76.3	75.0	77.6	75.9	70.0	71.0
Unemployed	155	168	135	141	20	27
Unemployment rate	3.7	3.8	3.8	3.9	3.1	3.6
Not in labor force	1,089	1,238	836	973	253	265
Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	2,885	3,240	2,395	2,744	490	497
Civilian labor force	1,920	2,037	1,612	1,794	308	242
Participation rate	66.5	62.9	67.3	65.4	62.8	48.8
Employed	1,891	1,981	1,594	1,752	296	229
Employment-population ratio	65.5	61.1	66.6	63.9	60.4	46.1
Unemployed	29	55	18	42	12	13
Unemployment rate	1.5	2.7	1.1	2.3	3.8	5.6
Not in labor force	965	1,204	783	949	183	254
Vietnam-era and earlier wartime veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	5,653	4,883	5,414	4,697	239	186
Civilian labor force	697	535	675	516	22	18
Participation rate	12.3	10.9	12.5	11.0	9.1	9.9
Employed	683	503	662	489	22	14
Employment-population ratio	12.1	10.3	12.2	10.4	9.1	7.7
Unemployed	14	31	14	27	0	4
Unemployment rate	1.9	5.8	2.0	5.3	-	-
Not in labor force	4,956	4,348	4,739	4,181	217	168
Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,792	3,515	3,380	3,126	412	389
Civilian labor force	1,516	1,199	1,357	1,051	159	148
Participation rate	40.0	34.1	40.1	33.6	38.6	38.0
Employed	1,478	1,155	1,324	1,013	154	142
Employment-population ratio	39.0	32.9	39.2	32.4	37.5	36.4
Unemployed	38	44	33	38	5	6
Unemployment rate	2.5	3.7	2.4	3.6	3.0	4.1
Not in labor force	2,276	2,316	2,023	2,075	253	241
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	241,546	247,023	110,669	113,644	130,877	133,379
Civilian labor force	157,713	160,465	81,265	82,884	76,448	77,581
Participation rate	65.3	65.0	73.4	72.9	58.4	58.2
Employed	151,212	153,799	77,978	79,396	73,234	74,402
Employment-population ratio	62.6	62.3	70.5	69.9	56.0	55.8
Unemployed	6,501	6,666	3,287	3,487	3,214	3,179
Unemployment rate	4.1	4.2	4.0	4.2	4.2	4.1
Not in labor force	83,833	86,558	29,404	30,760	54,429	55,798
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	People with a disability		People with no disability
	June 2024	June 2025	June 2024	June 2025
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	33,685	35,655	234,753	237,930
Civilian labor force	8,247	8,844	160,760	162,499
Participation rate	24.5	24.8	68.5	68.3
Employed	7,586	8,081	154,188	155,801
Employment-population ratio	22.5	22.7	65.7	65.5
Unemployed	662	762	6,572	6,697
Unemployment rate	8.0	8.6	4.1	4.1
Not in labor force	25,438	26,811	73,994	75,431
Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	3,574	3,740	80,056	81,102
Participation rate	43.8	43.2	83.8	83.9
Employed	3,285	3,359	76,801	77,732
Employment-population ratio	40.3	38.8	80.4	80.4
Unemployed	289	380	3,254	3,371
Unemployment rate	8.1	10.2	4.1	4.2
Not in labor force	4,586	4,917	15,502	15,580
Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	3,293	3,597	70,662	71,299
Participation rate	39.0	40.7	73.1	72.9
Employed	2,958	3,295	67,631	68,304
Employment-population ratio	35.0	37.3	70.0	69.8
Unemployed	335	302	3,031	2,996
Unemployment rate	10.2	8.4	4.3	4.2
Not in labor force	5,149	5,248	25,987	26,515
Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force	1,380	1,507	10,042	10,097
Participation rate	8.1	8.3	23.6	23.2
Employed	1,343	1,427	9,756	9,766
Employment-population ratio	7.9	7.9	22.9	22.5
Unemployed	37	80	286	331
Unemployment rate	2.7	5.3	2.8	3.3
Not in labor force	15,703	16,646	32,504	33,336
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity	Total		Men		Women
	June 2024	June 2025	June 2024	June 2025	June 2024	June 2025
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	48,099	49,135	23,476	23,924	24,623	25,210
Civilian labor force	32,224	32,572	18,318	18,458	13,906	14,113
Participation rate	67.0	66.3	78.0	77.2	56.5	56.0
Employed	30,867	31,231	17,575	17,742	13,292	13,489
Employment-population ratio	64.2	63.6	74.9	74.2	54.0	53.5
Unemployed	1,357	1,340	743	716	614	624
Unemployment rate	4.2	4.1	4.1	3.9	4.4	4.4
Not in labor force	15,875	16,563	5,158	5,466	10,717	11,097
Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	220,339	224,450	107,399	109,525	112,940	114,926
Civilian labor force	136,783	138,771	71,582	72,789	65,200	65,982
Participation rate	62.1	61.8	66.7	66.5	57.7	57.4
Employed	130,906	132,652	68,607	69,530	62,300	63,122
Employment-population ratio	59.4	59.1	63.9	63.5	55.2	54.9
Unemployed	5,877	6,119	2,976	3,259	2,901	2,860
Unemployment rate	4.3	4.4	4.2	4.5	4.4	4.3
Not in labor force	83,556	85,680	35,817	36,736	47,740	48,944
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are people who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed people by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands]

Category	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	June 2024	May 2025	June 2025	June 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries	2,513	2,089	2,284	2,374	2,259	2,371	2,246	2,062	2,162
Wage and salary workers(1)	1,779	1,403	1,644	1,660	1,489	1,595	1,556	1,414	1,529
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	694	646	609	656	753	740	666	628	581
Unpaid family workers	40	40	30	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nonagricultural industries	159,261	161,312	161,599	158,997	160,930	160,920	161,591	161,223	161,353
Wage and salary workers(1)	150,084	151,760	152,376	149,799	152,034	151,946	152,265	151,789	152,125
Government	21,069	21,879	20,974	21,587	21,653	21,748	21,856	21,807	21,532
Private industries	129,015	129,881	131,402	128,194	130,414	130,227	130,408	129,957	130,589
Private households	612	556	614	-	-	-	-	-	-
Other industries	128,403	129,325	130,788	127,548	129,816	129,585	129,731	129,357	129,930
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	9,126	9,508	9,184	9,032	8,946	9,055	9,281	9,385	9,095
Unpaid family workers	51	44	39	-	-	-	-	-	-
PEOPLE AT WORK PART TIME(2)
All industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	4,421	4,425	4,659	4,225	4,937	4,780	4,690	4,624	4,465
Slack work or business conditions	2,853	2,857	3,120	2,842	3,292	3,156	3,148	3,007	3,109
Could only find part-time work	1,181	1,369	1,159	1,154	1,253	1,255	1,260	1,385	1,161
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	21,341	22,710	21,564	22,323	22,435	22,625	22,723	22,588	22,556
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	4,350	4,367	4,577	4,142	4,899	4,717	4,622	4,548	4,372
Slack work or business conditions	2,806	2,806	3,049	2,781	3,273	3,125	3,103	2,941	3,022
Could only find part-time work	1,171	1,362	1,154	1,143	1,253	1,255	1,253	1,375	1,156
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	20,952	22,372	21,221	21,931	22,039	22,196	22,381	22,239	22,208
Footnotes (1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. (2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed people who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. (3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. (4) Refers to people who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes people who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	June 2024	May 2025	June 2025	June 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	161,774	163,401	163,883	161,155	163,307	163,508	163,969	163,273	163,366
16 to 19 years	6,569	5,492	6,107	5,727	5,792	5,786	5,732	5,590	5,361
16 to 17 years	2,502	1,831	2,222	2,198	1,994	2,095	2,001	1,939	1,958
18 to 19 years	4,067	3,661	3,884	3,559	3,801	3,708	3,719	3,646	3,419
20 years and over	155,205	157,909	157,776	155,428	157,516	157,722	158,237	157,683	158,005
20 to 24 years	14,420	14,220	14,670	14,044	14,332	14,609	14,495	14,332	14,298
25 years and over	140,784	143,689	143,106	141,371	143,219	143,207	143,737	143,369	143,707
25 to 54 years	103,600	105,642	105,600	103,854	105,386	105,279	105,602	105,404	105,843
25 to 34 years	35,593	36,496	36,387	35,637	36,283	36,333	36,369	36,413	36,425
35 to 44 years	36,023	36,924	36,864	36,149	36,779	36,844	36,979	36,842	36,994
45 to 54 years	31,984	32,221	32,349	32,069	32,323	32,101	32,255	32,149	32,424
55 years and over	37,185	38,047	37,506	37,517	37,833	37,928	38,134	37,965	37,863
Men, 16 years and over	86,182	86,565	87,272	85,446	86,226	86,443	86,733	86,486	86,575
16 to 19 years	3,317	2,729	3,125	2,846	2,915	2,880	2,875	2,782	2,703
16 to 17 years	1,251	901	1,112	1,055	980	1,041	1,037	953	943
18 to 19 years	2,065	1,828	2,013	1,817	1,946	1,855	1,839	1,829	1,776
20 years and over	82,865	83,836	84,147	82,600	83,311	83,563	83,858	83,704	83,872
20 to 24 years	7,461	7,305	7,640	7,209	7,218	7,377	7,340	7,314	7,378
25 years and over	75,404	76,531	76,507	75,344	76,172	76,290	76,528	76,358	76,455
25 to 54 years	55,397	56,163	56,399	55,273	55,955	55,952	56,209	56,033	56,262
25 to 34 years	19,021	19,425	19,500	18,982	19,188	19,317	19,446	19,388	19,449
35 to 44 years	19,344	19,762	19,857	19,306	19,740	19,789	19,818	19,717	19,821
45 to 54 years	17,033	16,976	17,041	16,985	17,026	16,846	16,945	16,927	16,992
55 years and over	20,006	20,368	20,108	20,071	20,217	20,338	20,319	20,325	20,193
Women, 16 years and over	75,592	76,836	76,611	75,709	77,081	77,065	77,236	76,787	76,791
16 to 19 years	3,252	2,763	2,981	2,881	2,877	2,906	2,857	2,808	2,657
16 to 17 years	1,250	930	1,110	1,142	1,013	1,053	963	986	1,015
18 to 19 years	2,002	1,833	1,871	1,743	1,855	1,853	1,880	1,817	1,643
20 years and over	72,339	74,073	73,630	72,828	74,205	74,159	74,379	73,979	74,134
20 to 24 years	6,959	6,915	7,030	6,835	7,114	7,231	7,154	7,018	6,920
25 years and over	65,380	67,158	66,599	66,027	67,047	66,917	67,209	67,011	67,252
25 to 54 years	48,202	49,479	49,201	48,581	49,431	49,327	49,393	49,370	49,581
25 to 34 years	16,572	17,071	16,887	16,654	17,095	17,016	16,922	17,024	16,976
35 to 44 years	16,679	17,163	17,007	16,843	17,039	17,055	17,161	17,125	17,173
45 to 54 years	14,951	15,245	15,308	15,084	15,297	15,255	15,310	15,222	15,432
55 years and over	17,178	17,679	17,398	17,445	17,616	17,590	17,816	17,640	17,671
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present(1)	45,752	46,536	46,577	45,904	45,752	45,698	45,988	46,449	46,654
Married women, spouse present(1)	36,522	37,179	37,247	36,980	37,318	36,650	37,121	37,084	37,660
Women who maintain families(2)	9,888	10,009	9,536	-	-	-	-	-	-
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(3)	134,301	134,927	136,347	133,209	134,676	135,135	135,463	134,840	135,277
Part-time workers(4)	27,472	28,474	27,536	28,071	28,511	28,467	28,524	28,557	28,190
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders	8,194	8,501	8,703	8,346	8,860	8,936	8,866	8,583	8,865
Percent of total employed	5.1	5.2	5.3	5.2	5.4	5.5	5.4	5.3	5.4
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated	6,974	6,695	7,052	-	-	-	-	-	-
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	9,820	10,154	9,794	9,688	9,700	9,794	9,947	10,013	9,675
Footnotes (1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to people in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to people in opposite-sex married couples only. (2) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. (3) Employed full-time workers are people who usually work 35 hours or more per week. (4) Employed part-time workers are people who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic	Number of unemployed people (in thousands)			Unemployment rates
	June 2024	May 2025	June 2025	June 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	6,849	7,237	7,015	4.1	4.1	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.1
16 to 19 years	800	866	905	12.3	12.9	13.7	13.0	13.4	14.4
16 to 17 years	319	329	318	12.7	16.0	15.3	14.4	14.5	14.0
18 to 19 years	479	531	607	11.9	11.1	12.8	12.0	12.7	15.1
20 years and over	6,049	6,371	6,110	3.7	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.9	3.7
20 to 24 years	1,139	1,283	1,270	7.5	8.3	7.5	8.2	8.2	8.2
25 years and over	4,880	5,053	4,833	3.3	3.4	3.3	3.4	3.4	3.3
25 to 54 years	3,784	3,880	3,635	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.6	3.3
25 to 34 years	1,658	1,558	1,432	4.4	4.4	4.0	4.2	4.1	3.8
35 to 44 years	1,245	1,250	1,241	3.3	3.3	3.2	3.2	3.3	3.2
45 to 54 years	881	1,073	961	2.7	2.7	3.2	3.0	3.2	2.9
55 years and over	1,085	1,194	1,184	2.8	2.9	2.9	3.1	3.0	3.0
Men, 16 years and over	3,694	3,906	3,886	4.1	4.2	4.2	4.4	4.3	4.3
16 to 19 years	433	523	507	13.2	14.1	14.2	15.0	15.8	15.8
16 to 17 years	150	202	155	12.4	17.8	14.2	13.8	17.5	14.1
18 to 19 years	280	310	370	13.3	12.2	14.0	15.2	14.5	17.2
20 years and over	3,261	3,383	3,378	3.8	3.8	3.8	4.0	3.9	3.9
20 to 24 years	627	706	731	8.0	9.8	8.4	9.6	8.8	9.0
25 years and over	2,578	2,646	2,617	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.4	3.3	3.3
25 to 54 years	1,990	2,012	1,961	3.5	3.4	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.4
25 to 34 years	849	849	809	4.3	4.2	4.4	4.3	4.2	4.0
35 to 44 years	658	612	614	3.3	3.1	3.0	3.1	3.0	3.0
45 to 54 years	483	551	538	2.8	2.9	3.1	3.0	3.2	3.1
55 years and over	588	634	657	2.8	2.8	2.9	3.2	3.0	3.1
Women, 16 years and over	3,155	3,331	3,129	4.0	4.1	4.1	4.0	4.2	3.9
16 to 19 years	367	343	397	11.3	11.7	13.3	10.7	10.9	13.0
16 to 17 years	169	127	163	12.9	14.2	16.4	15.0	11.4	13.9
18 to 19 years	199	221	237	10.2	9.9	11.5	8.7	10.8	12.6
20 years and over	2,788	2,989	2,732	3.7	3.8	3.7	3.7	3.9	3.6
20 to 24 years	512	577	538	7.0	6.7	6.6	6.8	7.6	7.2
25 years and over	2,302	2,407	2,216	3.4	3.5	3.3	3.3	3.5	3.2
25 to 54 years	1,794	1,868	1,674	3.6	3.6	3.5	3.5	3.6	3.3
25 to 34 years	809	708	623	4.6	4.6	3.6	4.1	4.0	3.5
35 to 44 years	588	638	628	3.4	3.5	3.5	3.2	3.6	3.5
45 to 54 years	397	522	423	2.6	2.6	3.3	3.1	3.3	2.7
55 years and over	514	548	545	2.9	3.0	2.9	2.9	3.0	3.0
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present(1)	913	1,079	1,062	1.9	2.1	2.1	2.3	2.3	2.2
Married women, spouse present(1)	877	982	967	2.3	2.5	2.5	2.3	2.6	2.5
Women who maintain families(2)	653	629	551	6.2	5.7	5.8	5.2	5.9	5.5
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(3)	5,555	5,882	5,572	4.0	4.1	4.1	4.2	4.2	4.0
Part-time workers(4)	1,220	1,317	1,394	4.2	4.4	4.5	4.1	4.4	4.7
Footnotes (1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to people in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to people in opposite-sex married couples only. (2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. (3) Full-time workers are unemployed people who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. (4) Part-time workers are unemployed people who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed people by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands]

Reason	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	June 2024	May 2025	June 2025	June 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs	3,199	3,094	3,311	3,187	3,316	3,313	3,455	3,457	3,293
On temporary layoff	873	602	918	817	817	811	867	874	860
Not on temporary layoff	2,326	2,492	2,393	2,370	2,499	2,502	2,588	2,583	2,433
Permanent job losers	1,641	1,890	1,885	1,651	1,748	1,810	1,918	1,916	1,887
People who completed temporary jobs	685	602	508	719	751	692	670	668	546
Job leavers	730	652	798	754	918	870	855	704	825
Reentrants	2,307	2,355	2,342	2,103	2,208	2,176	2,235	2,288	2,145
New entrants	997	713	1,008	701	662	739	701	725	710
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs	44.2	45.4	44.4	47.3	46.7	46.7	47.7	48.2	47.2
On temporary layoff	12.1	8.8	12.3	12.1	11.5	11.4	12.0	12.2	12.3
Not on temporary layoff	32.2	36.6	32.1	35.1	35.2	35.3	35.7	36.0	34.9
Job leavers	10.1	9.6	10.7	11.2	12.9	12.3	11.8	9.8	11.8
Reentrants	31.9	34.6	31.4	31.2	31.1	30.7	30.8	31.9	30.8
New entrants	13.8	10.5	13.5	10.4	9.3	10.4	9.7	10.1	10.2
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs	1.9	1.8	1.9	1.9	1.9	1.9	2.0	2.0	1.9
Job leavers	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.5
Reentrants	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3
New entrants	0.6	0.4	0.6	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed people by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands]

Duration	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	June 2024	May 2025	June 2025	June 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks	2,834	2,431	2,932	2,130	2,337	2,362	2,187	2,451	2,241
5 to 14 weeks	1,920	1,821	1,936	2,108	2,152	2,146	2,269	2,208	2,131
15 weeks and over	2,479	2,563	2,591	2,599	2,486	2,501	2,662	2,495	2,710
15 to 26 weeks	1,016	1,122	1,010	1,066	1,031	1,006	987	1,039	1,063
27 weeks and over	1,464	1,441	1,581	1,533	1,455	1,495	1,675	1,457	1,647
Average (mean) duration, in weeks	19.3	22.6	21.5	20.7	21.3	22.8	23.2	21.8	23.0
Median duration, in weeks	7.5	9.7	7.9	9.8	10.0	9.8	10.4	9.5	10.1
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks	39.2	35.7	39.3	31.1	33.5	33.7	30.7	34.3	31.6
5 to 14 weeks	26.5	26.7	26.0	30.8	30.9	30.6	31.9	30.9	30.1
15 weeks and over	34.3	37.6	34.7	38.0	35.6	35.7	37.4	34.9	38.3
15 to 26 weeks	14.0	16.5	13.5	15.6	14.8	14.4	13.9	14.5	15.0
27 weeks and over	20.2	21.1	21.2	22.4	20.9	21.3	23.5	20.4	23.3
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed people by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Occupation	Employed		Unemployed		Unemployment rates
	June 2024	June 2025	June 2024	June 2025	June 2024	June 2025
Total, 16 years and over(1)	161,774	163,883	7,233	7,460	4.3	4.4
Management, professional, and related occupations	71,002	70,250	1,887	2,000	2.6	2.8
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	31,193	31,028	705	747	2.2	2.4
Professional and related occupations	39,808	39,223	1,182	1,252	2.9	3.1
Service occupations	26,851	28,438	1,418	1,480	5.0	4.9
Sales and office occupations	29,679	30,786	1,129	1,353	3.7	4.2
Sales and related occupations	14,111	14,317	666	732	4.5	4.9
Office and administrative support occupations	15,568	16,469	463	621	2.9	3.6
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	14,363	14,852	579	631	3.9	4.1
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	1,083	1,122	54	61	4.7	5.2
Construction and extraction occupations	8,506	8,661	400	401	4.5	4.4
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	4,774	5,069	125	169	2.5	3.2
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	19,879	19,557	1,219	980	5.8	4.8
Production occupations	8,127	7,938	382	251	4.5	3.1
Transportation and material moving occupations	11,751	11,619	837	730	6.7	5.9
Footnotes (1) People with no previous work experience and people whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed people by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker	Number of unemployed people (in thousands)		Unemployment rates
	June 2024	June 2025	June 2024	June 2025
Total, 16 years and over(1)	7,233	7,460	4.3	4.4
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers	5,173	5,367	3.9	3.9
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	7	10	1.3	1.9
Construction	345	364	3.3	3.4
Manufacturing	469	544	3.1	3.6
Durable goods	278	334	2.8	3.4
Nondurable goods	191	211	3.6	4.0
Wholesale and retail trade	988	1,001	5.1	5.0
Transportation and utilities	378	328	4.5	3.9
Information	147	103	5.9	4.0
Financial activities	274	245	2.7	2.3
Professional and business services	738	724	3.7	3.6
Education and health services	823	924	3.1	3.4
Leisure and hospitality	743	896	5.2	6.4
Other services	263	228	3.9	3.2
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers	77	97	4.3	5.7
Government workers	631	691	2.9	3.2
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers	356	296	3.5	2.9
Footnotes (1) People with no previous work experience and people whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2025 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2022 Census industry classification system, derived from the 2022 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2025 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent]

Measure	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	June 2024	May 2025	June 2025	June 2024	Feb. 2025	Mar. 2025	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025
U-1 People unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.5	1.6
U-2 Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force	1.9	1.8	1.9	1.9	1.9	1.9	2.0	2.0	1.9
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)	4.3	4.0	4.4	4.1	4.1	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.1
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers	4.5	4.2	4.7	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.5	4.5
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other people marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all people marginally attached to the labor force	5.1	4.8	5.4	4.9	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all people marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all people marginally attached to the labor force	7.7	7.4	8.1	7.4	8.0	7.9	7.8	7.8	7.7
NOTE: People marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. People employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. People not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Category	Total		Men		Women
	June 2024	June 2025	June 2024	June 2025	June 2024	June 2025
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force	99,431	102,242	40,974	42,202	58,457	60,041
People who currently want a job	5,655	6,455	2,850	3,106	2,805	3,349
Marginally attached to the labor force(1)	1,548	1,862	941	1,064	607	798
Discouraged workers(2)	369	654	238	464	131	190
Other people marginally attached to the labor force(3)	1,179	1,208	703	600	476	608
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders(4)	8,194	8,703	3,893	4,216	4,302	4,487
Percent of total employed	5.1	5.3	4.5	4.8	5.7	5.9
Primary job full time, secondary job part time	4,714	5,053	2,438	2,568	2,276	2,485
Primary and secondary jobs both part time	1,999	2,186	675	800	1,324	1,386
Primary and secondary jobs both full time	367	447	195	293	172	154
Hours vary on primary or secondary job	1,064	965	565	534	499	430
Footnotes (1) Data refer to people who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. (2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. (3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. (4) Includes a small number of people who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]

Industry	Not seasonally adjusted				Seasonally adjusted
	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)	Change from: May2025 - June2025(p)
Total nonfarm	158,722	159,227	159,958	160,475	157,915	159,433	159,577	159,724	147
Total private	135,537	135,299	136,112	136,947	134,571	135,815	135,952	136,026	74
Goods-producing	21,913	21,553	21,713	21,932	21,665	21,693	21,689	21,695	6
Mining and logging	627	622	623	624	623	626	623	621	-2
Logging	38.5	37.4	37.3	38.4	38.9	39.5	39.1	38.9	-0.2
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	588.2	584.1	585.9	585.6	583.7	586.0	583.6	581.6	-2.0
Oil and gas extraction	123.8	121.7	122.4	122.8	123.2	122.6	122.8	122.3	-0.5
Mining (except oil and gas)	195.2	190.7	193.6	194.7	192.3	191.7	191.8	191.8	0.0
Coal mining	43.4	41.0	41.3	41.1	43.4	41.1	41.0	41.1	0.1
Metal ore mining	45.4	44.5	44.3	44.3	45.0	44.5	44.3	44.0	-0.3
Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying	106.4	105.2	108.0	109.3	103.9	106.2	106.5	106.7	0.2
Support activities for mining	269.2	271.7	269.9	268.1	268.2	271.7	269.0	267.5	-1.5
Construction	8,378	8,214	8,352	8,492	8,203	8,303	8,309	8,324	15
Construction of buildings	1,886.6	1,854.9	1,880.6	1,910.5	1,857.6	1,876.4	1,883.6	1,882.7	-0.9
Residential building construction	955.8	946.8	960.3	970.6	942.8	956.9	959.0	958.5	-0.5
Nonresidential building construction	930.8	908.1	920.3	939.9	914.8	919.5	924.6	924.2	-0.4
Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,195.4	1,162.6	1,203.4	1,215.9	1,148.7	1,173.8	1,174.4	1,171.6	-2.8
Specialty trade contractors	5,296.1	5,196.7	5,268.1	5,365.8	5,196.5	5,253.0	5,250.9	5,269.3	18.4
Residential specialty trade contractors	2,461.7	2,365.0	2,393.3	2,440.7	2,407.5	2,391.6	2,384.4	2,390.4	6.0
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors	2,834.4	2,831.7	2,874.8	2,925.1	2,789.0	2,861.4	2,866.5	2,878.9	12.4
Manufacturing	12,908	12,717	12,738	12,816	12,839	12,764	12,757	12,750	-7
Durable goods	8,027	7,888	7,893	7,941	7,983	7,910	7,903	7,898	-5
Wood product manufacturing	421.9	414.4	415.8	416.2	419.8	415.4	416.1	414.0	-2.1
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	426.6	429.2	432.0	436.6	421.6	431.4	430.7	431.6	0.9
Primary metal manufacturing	376.3	375.3	376.3	378.1	374.1	375.8	376.0	375.5	-0.5
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	1,447.9	1,436.3	1,438.9	1,444.8	1,439.1	1,438.4	1,438.0	1,436.5	-1.5
Machinery manufacturing	1,125.9	1,116.2	1,111.8	1,118.6	1,119.0	1,118.3	1,113.7	1,112.1	-1.6
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	1,035.3	1,002.8	1,003.9	1,007.0	1,029.9	1,007.2	1,006.8	1,001.9	-4.9
Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing	110.0	108.4	108.7	109.7	110.0	109.4	109.3	109.7	0.4
Communications equipment manufacturing	83.9	81.8	82.2	82.3	83.0	81.9	81.9	81.4	-0.5
Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing	397.3	376.6	376.2	378.6	394.8	378.5	377.5	376.2	-1.3
Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control instruments manufacturing	414.2	408.2	408.8	407.7	412.6	409.1	409.9	406.3	-3.6
Manufacturing and reproducing magnetic and optical media and audio and video equipment manufacturing	29.9	27.8	28.0	28.7	29.5	28.2	28.1	28.4	0.3
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	415.0	404.4	406.1	409.6	413.5	406.0	406.8	407.9	1.1
Transportation equipment manufacturing(1)	1,815.0	1,759.8	1,756.7	1,769.9	1,810.4	1,765.8	1,765.0	1,766.5	1.5
Motor vehicles and parts(2)	1,029.3	999.4	998.6	1,003.4	1,026.4	999.3	1,000.3	999.8	-0.5
Furniture and related product manufacturing	346.1	338.5	338.8	344.7	343.9	338.9	338.8	340.9	2.1
Miscellaneous manufacturing	616.6	611.1	612.2	615.2	611.4	612.3	611.4	610.6	-0.8
Nondurable goods	4,881	4,829	4,845	4,875	4,856	4,854	4,854	4,852	-2
Food manufacturing	1,769.5	1,758.9	1,764.9	1,773.1	1,768.6	1,772.8	1,776.0	1,772.9	-3.1
Textile mills	86.9	85.1	85.0	85.1	86.9	85.2	85.1	85.0	-0.1
Textile product mills	100.6	98.6	99.2	99.4	100.7	98.6	99.0	99.4	0.4
Apparel manufacturing	84.9	83.3	83.1	83.3	83.9	83.2	82.6	82.4	-0.2
Paper manufacturing	354.1	355.8	353.7	357.9	354.5	356.6	355.5	357.8	2.3
Printing and related support activities	357.5	350.9	350.7	351.7	356.9	351.2	350.9	351.2	0.3
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	112.4	107.1	107.7	109.1	109.7	107.2	106.0	106.5	0.5
Chemical manufacturing	901.6	900.4	902.4	907.2	897.7	901.8	902.2	903.1	0.9
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	731.8	718.6	721.0	720.1	726.7	719.1	718.8	715.4	-3.4
Beverage, tobacco, and leather and allied product manufacturing	381.5	370.7	377.6	388.1	370.5	377.8	377.6	378.1	0.5
Private service-providing	113,624	113,746	114,399	115,015	112,906	114,122	114,263	114,331	68
Trade, transportation, and utilities	28,914	28,848	28,949	29,079	28,926	29,099	29,103	29,106	3
Wholesale trade	6,166.5	6,164.8	6,188.4	6,201.6	6,135.8	6,178.0	6,181.7	6,175.1	-6.6
Merchant wholesalers, durable goods	3,452.9	3,461.0	3,467.7	3,467.5	3,438.8	3,466.7	3,465.4	3,456.0	-9.4
Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods	2,223.1	2,218.3	2,232.0	2,240.9	2,205.6	2,223.3	2,225.2	2,225.2	0.0
Wholesale trade agents and brokers	490.5	485.5	488.7	493.2	491.4	488.0	491.1	493.9	2.8
Retail trade	15,557.3	15,464.0	15,507.8	15,606.3	15,537.4	15,590.5	15,583.4	15,585.8	2.4
Motor vehicle and parts dealers	2,062.2	2,061.1	2,066.7	2,074.9	2,050.1	2,062.3	2,063.4	2,063.1	-0.3
Automobile dealers	1,292.7	1,296.0	1,299.3	1,303.7	1,289.0	1,297.5	1,299.5	1,300.1	0.6
Other motor vehicle dealers	177.0	164.5	165.9	167.4	168.1	163.8	160.7	159.3	-1.4
Automotive parts, accessories, and tire retailers	592.5	600.6	601.5	603.8	593.0	601.0	603.3	603.8	0.5
Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	1,460.3	1,420.0	1,433.6	1,447.6	1,408.4	1,393.6	1,389.5	1,396.2	6.7
Food and beverage retailers	3,228.6	3,226.1	3,230.9	3,251.9	3,222.9	3,246.5	3,245.3	3,245.9	0.6
Furniture, home furnishings, electronics, and appliance retailers	787.3	785.6	778.8	774.9	799.9	795.3	793.9	789.6	-4.3
Furniture and home furnishings retailers	400.7	404.5	400.4	397.6	405.1	407.6	405.7	403.4	-2.3
Electronics and appliance retailers	386.6	381.1	378.4	377.3	394.7	387.7	388.1	386.2	-1.9
General merchandise retailers	3,235.4	3,255.5	3,258.4	3,275.9	3,266.2	3,302.7	3,304.4	3,304.5	0.1
Department stores	991.9	988.0	980.8	987.4	1,014.1	1,014.8	1,013.4	1,011.8	-1.6
Warehouse clubs, supercenters, and other general merchandise retailers	2,243.5	2,267.5	2,277.6	2,288.5	2,252.1	2,287.9	2,291.0	2,292.7	1.7
Health and personal care retailers	1,083.6	1,080.1	1,075.9	1,085.6	1,091.8	1,089.9	1,086.5	1,093.3	6.8
Gasoline stations and fuel dealers	1,066.2	1,051.1	1,055.3	1,061.2	1,053.9	1,057.1	1,055.2	1,050.0	-5.2
Clothing, clothing accessories, shoe, and jewelry retailers	1,124.4	1,094.0	1,105.6	1,122.4	1,137.2	1,130.7	1,133.3	1,133.4	0.1
Sporting goods, hobby, musical instrument, book, and miscellaneous retailers	1,509.3	1,490.5	1,502.6	1,511.9	1,507.0	1,512.4	1,511.9	1,509.8	-2.1
Transportation and warehousing	6,595.4	6,626.0	6,655.0	6,668.8	6,661.2	6,734.5	6,739.0	6,746.5	7.5
Air transportation	570.6	578.1	580.9	580.1	566.0	577.9	580.3	575.9	-4.4
Rail transportation	156.6	153.9	153.5	153.5	156.6	153.8	153.8	153.9	0.1
Water transportation	74.0	69.0	72.8	75.2	71.4	70.2	71.1	71.9	0.8
Truck transportation	1,531.1	1,510.7	1,523.1	1,533.1	1,518.2	1,525.3	1,523.6	1,520.9	-2.7
Transit and ground passenger transportation	462.8	503.3	504.3	483.5	473.1	489.6	489.7	493.7	4.0
Pipeline transportation	55.5	60.0	59.9	60.8	55.5	59.8	59.7	60.6	0.9
Scenic and sightseeing transportation	38.4	28.0	37.2	44.7	31.1	33.2	34.4	36.5	2.1
Support activities for transportation	835.8	846.7	847.2	844.5	839.5	850.9	848.6	848.1	-0.5
Couriers and messengers	1,043.6	1,056.9	1,068.2	1,085.7	1,097.9	1,136.8	1,143.5	1,148.3	4.8
Warehousing and storage	1,827.0	1,819.4	1,807.9	1,807.7	1,851.9	1,837.0	1,834.3	1,836.7	2.4
Utilities	594.4	593.6	598.1	602.2	591.9	595.6	598.4	599.0	0.6
Information	2,967	2,920	2,934	2,961	2,953	2,939	2,944	2,947	3
Motion picture and sound recording industries	412.6	404.5	416.1	425.9	402.0	411.2	412.7	415.1	2.4
Publishing industries	919.3	912.2	912.8	925.9	914.6	919.1	919.0	919.9	0.9
Broadcasting and content providers	342.2	335.1	334.6	334.3	342.4	335.1	334.5	334.0	-0.5
Telecommunications	624.9	601.5	603.7	607.9	623.1	604.9	605.5	606.3	0.8
Computing infrastructure providers, data processing, web hosting, and related services	483.2	484.9	484.3	484.3	486.8	486.8	488.4	488.1	-0.3
Web search portals, libraries, archives, and other information services	184.3	182.1	182.6	182.9	183.9	182.3	184.1	183.1	-1.0
Financial activities	9,200	9,190	9,224	9,290	9,167	9,243	9,253	9,256	3
Finance and insurance	6,718.5	6,716.9	6,725.3	6,762.2	6,707.7	6,741.9	6,748.8	6,749.7	0.9
Monetary authorities-central bank	20.7	21.3	21.2	21.2	20.6	21.4	21.2	21.1	-0.1
Credit intermediation and related activities	2,570.2	2,551.5	2,556.3	2,563.8	2,564.8	2,556.2	2,558.4	2,557.6	-0.8
Depository credit intermediation(1)	1,787.1	1,769.7	1,772.6	1,783.7	1,782.4	1,773.7	1,776.4	1,778.6	2.2
Commercial banking	1,378.8	1,359.5	1,359.5	1,367.4	1,375.8	1,362.2	1,362.6	1,364.1	1.5
Nondepository credit intermediation	505.5	506.7	507.0	505.7	504.8	507.7	506.6	505.2	-1.4
Activities related to credit intermediation	277.6	275.1	276.7	274.4	277.6	274.8	275.4	273.8	-1.6
Securities, commodity contracts, funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles, investments, and related activities	1,120.8	1,129.2	1,130.7	1,148.0	1,118.3	1,138.0	1,141.2	1,144.6	3.4
Insurance carriers and related activities	3,006.8	3,014.9	3,017.1	3,029.2	3,004.0	3,026.3	3,028.0	3,026.4	-1.6
Real estate and rental and leasing	2,481.5	2,472.6	2,498.2	2,527.8	2,459.5	2,501.1	2,503.8	2,505.9	2.1
Real estate	1,871.5	1,865.9	1,876.5	1,888.6	1,863.7	1,882.1	1,881.7	1,881.3	-0.4
Rental and leasing services	587.4	583.8	598.6	616.0	573.5	595.9	599.0	601.6	2.6
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	22.6	22.9	23.1	23.2	22.3	23.1	23.1	23.0	-0.1
Professional and business services	22,741	22,575	22,633	22,715	22,639	22,610	22,610	22,603	-7
Professional, scientific, and technical services	10,844.8	10,886.1	10,830.9	10,869.4	10,830.3	10,863.4	10,860.7	10,853.3	-7.4
Legal services	1,202.3	1,188.2	1,191.7	1,211.2	1,191.8	1,195.7	1,197.2	1,200.0	2.8
Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services	1,130.1	1,215.0	1,137.0	1,125.4	1,158.5	1,146.3	1,149.1	1,149.3	0.2
Architectural, engineering, and related services	1,727.1	1,728.5	1,740.5	1,769.7	1,703.4	1,744.3	1,744.4	1,747.1	2.7
Specialized design services	149.2	147.4	147.8	149.8	148.3	148.5	148.9	149.2	0.3
Computer systems design and related services	2,439.8	2,430.4	2,432.1	2,424.0	2,447.3	2,432.6	2,433.7	2,431.2	-2.5
Management, scientific, and technical consulting services	1,863.9	1,871.3	1,873.5	1,876.0	1,863.8	1,880.1	1,879.1	1,876.4	-2.7
Scientific research and development services	945.1	933.6	936.4	939.2	936.3	938.3	936.8	931.1	-5.7
Advertising, public relations, and related services	500.2	490.7	490.4	491.5	497.5	491.4	489.9	489.2	-0.7
Other professional, scientific, and technical services	887.1	881.0	881.5	882.6	883.5	886.2	881.7	879.9	-1.8
Management of companies and enterprises	2,629.4	2,618.8	2,623.5	2,643.5	2,617.6	2,628.5	2,632.5	2,631.1	-1.4
Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services	9,266.8	9,069.9	9,178.3	9,202.2	9,190.8	9,117.7	9,117.0	9,118.9	1.9
Administrative and support services	8,749.8	8,551.6	8,659.0	8,674.8	8,678.5	8,596.7	8,595.7	8,596.3	0.6
Office administrative services	618.6	617.4	622.9	622.2	618.0	618.9	623.5	622.0	-1.5
Facilities support services	182.0	185.2	185.4	188.3	181.1	186.1	185.7	187.5	1.8
Employment services(1)	3,291.9	3,215.2	3,248.3	3,206.8	3,336.9	3,254.5	3,254.0	3,247.5	-6.5
Temporary help services	2,577.3	2,512.5	2,536.8	2,499.7	2,619.7	2,544.2	2,538.5	2,535.9	-2.6
Business support services	686.1	656.4	650.7	646.0	693.5	660.0	657.4	653.1	-4.3
Travel arrangement and reservation services	188.0	196.0	195.9	197.6	186.6	196.7	195.4	196.8	1.4
Investigation and security services	1,026.1	1,029.6	1,033.1	1,034.8	1,026.5	1,031.4	1,032.1	1,034.9	2.8
Services to buildings and dwellings	2,418.7	2,317.0	2,386.1	2,437.9	2,302.9	2,315.5	2,315.8	2,320.0	4.2
Other support services	338.4	334.8	336.6	341.2	332.9	333.6	331.8	334.6	2.8
Waste management and remediation services	517.0	518.3	519.3	527.4	512.3	521.0	521.3	522.6	1.3
Private education and health services	26,265	27,333	27,289	27,131	26,464	27,208	27,291	27,342	51
Private educational services	3,769.2	4,168.4	4,033.8	3,801.0	3,957.3	4,003.5	4,006.1	3,998.6	-7.5
Health care and social assistance	22,496.0	23,164.3	23,255.6	23,329.6	22,507.0	23,204.5	23,285.2	23,343.8	58.6
Health care(3)	17,617.8	18,002.6	18,052.9	18,119.7	17,637.2	18,047.8	18,111.4	18,150.6	39.2
Ambulatory health care services	8,759.1	8,912.7	8,944.0	8,946.7	8,771.1	8,929.9	8,962.4	8,971.1	8.7
Offices of physicians	2,973.0	3,034.1	3,045.2	3,050.5	2,977.9	3,042.0	3,050.9	3,054.7	3.8
Offices of dentists	1,050.2	1,047.0	1,050.7	1,051.0	1,048.0	1,051.9	1,051.4	1,049.8	-1.6
Offices of other health practitioners	1,224.4	1,274.8	1,279.6	1,271.7	1,228.2	1,274.4	1,278.0	1,278.4	0.4
Outpatient care centers	1,115.0	1,115.6	1,117.5	1,119.2	1,117.5	1,118.5	1,121.6	1,122.2	0.6
Medical and diagnostic laboratories	305.7	305.5	305.6	306.6	307.0	304.7	305.8	307.3	1.5
Home health care services	1,734.6	1,775.1	1,786.6	1,786.8	1,735.2	1,777.7	1,794.1	1,796.9	2.8
Other ambulatory health care services	356.2	360.6	358.8	360.9	357.3	360.8	360.7	361.8	1.1
Hospitals	5,539.6	5,690.1	5,701.3	5,735.2	5,551.2	5,706.3	5,730.2	5,746.3	16.1
Nursing and residential care facilities	3,319.1	3,399.8	3,407.6	3,437.8	3,314.9	3,411.6	3,418.8	3,433.2	14.4
Skilled nursing care facilities	1,489.9	1,530.0	1,538.1	1,553.8	1,490.1	1,537.9	1,546.4	1,553.2	6.8
Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities	672.3	693.2	694.4	697.9	669.9	694.7	694.9	695.6	0.7
Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly	987.8	1,003.8	1,001.8	1,011.0	985.8	1,005.8	1,003.9	1,009.4	5.5
Other residential care facilities	169.1	172.8	173.3	175.1	169.2	173.1	173.7	174.9	1.2
Social assistance	4,878.2	5,161.7	5,202.7	5,209.9	4,869.8	5,156.7	5,173.8	5,193.2	19.4
Individual and family services	3,262.6	3,520.7	3,549.9	3,567.5	3,258.0	3,524.7	3,540.3	3,555.9	15.6
Community food and housing, and emergency and other relief services	236.0	241.0	241.8	242.0	234.9	240.8	241.8	240.9	-0.9
Vocational rehabilitation services	288.3	282.3	284.3	288.9	285.1	283.9	283.6	285.6	2.0
Child care services	1,091.3	1,117.7	1,126.7	1,111.5	1,091.8	1,107.3	1,108.2	1,110.9	2.7
Leisure and hospitality	17,488	16,859	17,307	17,732	16,783	16,994	17,023	17,043	20
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	2,909.9	2,628.9	2,783.6	3,002.7	2,631.6	2,693.4	2,708.8	2,723.9	15.1
Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries	610.4	633.5	657.5	671.7	579.0	622.6	630.8	640.5	9.7
Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions	191.8	178.3	185.9	194.6	178.7	182.1	182.1	182.0	-0.1
Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries	2,107.7	1,817.1	1,940.2	2,136.4	1,873.9	1,888.7	1,895.9	1,901.4	5.5
Accommodation and food services	14,578.2	14,229.8	14,523.5	14,729.4	14,151.8	14,300.4	14,314.2	14,319.4	5.2
Accommodation	2,039.8	1,907.6	1,968.0	2,054.9	1,927.2	1,948.9	1,949.8	1,948.5	-1.3
Food services and drinking places	12,538.4	12,322.2	12,555.5	12,674.5	12,224.6	12,351.5	12,364.4	12,370.9	6.5
Other services	6,049	6,021	6,063	6,107	5,974	6,029	6,039	6,034	-5
Repair and maintenance	1,482.9	1,483.7	1,495.7	1,499.2	1,471.2	1,481.5	1,487.8	1,486.4	-1.4
Personal and laundry services	1,601.3	1,618.5	1,631.3	1,628.2	1,585.3	1,617.7	1,619.0	1,615.3	-3.7
Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations	2,964.5	2,918.4	2,936.1	2,979.8	2,917.4	2,929.4	2,932.4	2,932.1	-0.3
Government	23,185	23,928	23,846	23,528	23,344	23,618	23,625	23,698	73
Federal	3,001	2,977	2,947	2,939	3,000	2,978	2,953	2,946	-7
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service	2,396.5	2,372.9	2,356.9	2,349.7	2,392.2	2,378.5	2,360.9	2,352.8	-8.1
U.S. Postal Service	604.2	604.2	590.2	588.8	608.0	599.2	592.3	592.9	0.6
State government	5,171	5,671	5,510	5,315	5,429	5,526	5,533	5,580	47
State government education	2,316.1	2,785.7	2,616.2	2,394.8	2,591.3	2,632.7	2,636.3	2,676.6	40.3
State government, excluding education	2,854.6	2,884.9	2,894.2	2,919.8	2,837.5	2,893.1	2,896.7	2,903.6	6.9
Local government	15,013	15,280	15,389	15,274	14,915	15,114	15,139	15,172	33
Local government education	8,025.5	8,482.2	8,491.0	8,170.0	8,117.2	8,234.1	8,242.0	8,265.2	23.2
Local government, excluding education	6,987.2	6,797.7	6,898.4	7,104.4	6,797.8	6,880.1	6,896.5	6,906.9	10.4
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Includes motor vehicle manufacturing, motor vehicle body and trailer manufacturing, and motor vehicle parts manufacturing. (3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	34.3	34.3	34.3	34.2
Goods-producing	40.0	39.8	39.8	39.8
Mining and logging	44.6	44.9	44.9	44.6
Construction	39.3	39.0	39.0	38.9
Manufacturing	40.2	40.1	40.1	40.1
Durable goods	40.5	40.6	40.6	40.6
Nondurable goods	39.5	39.3	39.3	39.3
Private service-providing	33.2	33.3	33.2	33.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	33.8	34.1	34.0	33.9
Wholesale trade	39.0	39.3	39.1	39.0
Retail trade	29.6	29.9	29.7	29.6
Transportation and warehousing	38.0	38.5	38.4	38.3
Utilities	42.2	42.0	42.2	42.0
Information	36.6	37.1	36.8	36.6
Financial activities	37.5	37.6	37.7	37.7
Professional and business services	36.4	36.5	36.5	36.4
Private education and health services	33.0	32.9	32.8	32.7
Leisure and hospitality	25.4	25.6	25.7	25.5
Other services	32.2	31.9	31.9	31.8
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9
Durable goods	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9
Nondurable goods	2.9	2.9	2.8	2.8
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)
Total private	$35.00	$36.08	$36.22	$36.30	$1,200.50	$1,237.54	$1,242.35	$1,241.46
Goods-producing	35.71	36.84	36.97	37.01	1,428.40	1,466.23	1,471.41	1,473.00
Mining and logging	39.75	40.11	40.26	40.31	1,772.85	1,800.94	1,807.67	1,797.83
Construction	38.10	39.32	39.44	39.59	1,497.33	1,533.48	1,538.16	1,540.05
Manufacturing	34.00	35.09	35.23	35.19	1,366.80	1,407.11	1,412.72	1,411.12
Durable goods	36.03	37.23	37.38	37.28	1,459.22	1,511.54	1,517.63	1,513.57
Nondurable goods	30.56	31.48	31.62	31.67	1,207.12	1,237.16	1,242.67	1,244.63
Private service-providing	34.84	35.90	36.05	36.13	1,156.69	1,195.47	1,196.86	1,195.90
Trade, transportation, and utilities	29.94	30.76	30.84	30.87	1,011.97	1,048.92	1,048.56	1,046.49
Wholesale trade	37.62	38.50	38.67	38.73	1,467.18	1,513.05	1,512.00	1,510.47
Retail trade	24.43	25.28	25.32	25.34	723.13	755.87	752.00	750.06
Transportation and warehousing	30.61	31.32	31.34	31.35	1,163.18	1,205.82	1,203.46	1,200.71
Utilities	50.88	51.86	51.86	52.06	2,147.14	2,178.12	2,188.49	2,186.52
Information	49.75	51.81	52.18	52.66	1,820.85	1,922.15	1,920.22	1,927.36
Financial activities	45.52	47.15	47.40	47.43	1,707.00	1,772.84	1,786.98	1,788.11
Professional and business services	42.15	43.76	43.98	44.18	1,534.26	1,597.24	1,605.27	1,608.15
Private education and health services	34.32	35.22	35.40	35.35	1,132.56	1,158.74	1,161.12	1,155.95
Leisure and hospitality	22.01	22.70	22.73	22.78	559.05	581.12	584.16	580.89
Other services	31.73	32.43	32.56	32.73	1,021.71	1,034.52	1,038.66	1,040.81
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(1)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)	Percent change from: May 2025 - June 2025(p)	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)	Percent change from: May 2025 - June 2025(p)
Total private	115.9	116.9	117.1	116.8	-0.3	193.9	201.7	202.7	202.7	0.0
Goods-producing	98.8	98.4	98.4	98.4	0.0	159.4	163.8	164.4	164.6	0.1
Mining and logging	87.3	88.3	87.9	87.0	-1.0	139.3	142.2	142.1	140.9	-0.8
Construction	111.1	111.6	111.7	111.6	-0.1	184.0	190.7	191.4	192.0	0.3
Manufacturing	92.9	92.1	92.1	92.0	-0.1	146.9	150.4	150.9	150.6	-0.2
Durable goods	91.1	90.4	90.4	90.3	-0.1	145.7	149.6	150.1	149.6	-0.3
Nondurable goods	95.7	95.2	95.2	95.2	0.0	148.5	152.1	152.8	153.0	0.1
Private service-providing	120.7	122.3	122.1	121.8	-0.2	204.3	213.5	214.0	213.9	0.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	106.8	108.4	108.1	107.8	-0.3	172.5	179.8	179.8	179.5	-0.2
Wholesale trade	105.6	107.1	106.6	106.2	-0.4	166.1	172.5	172.5	172.1	-0.2
Retail trade	93.6	94.9	94.2	93.9	-0.3	151.2	158.6	157.7	157.3	-0.3
Transportation and warehousing	145.4	149.0	148.7	148.5	-0.1	226.5	237.4	237.1	236.8	-0.1
Utilities	108.1	108.3	109.3	108.9	-0.4	181.7	185.5	187.2	187.3	0.1
Information	98.7	99.6	99.0	98.5	-0.5	174.9	183.7	183.9	184.7	0.4
Financial activities	112.6	113.8	114.3	114.3	0.0	199.9	209.4	211.3	211.5	0.1
Professional and business services	128.9	129.1	129.1	128.7	-0.3	220.0	228.7	229.9	230.2	0.1
Private education and health services	142.6	146.2	146.2	146.0	-0.1	235.5	247.7	249.0	248.3	-0.3
Leisure and hospitality	121.6	124.1	124.8	124.0	-0.6	216.0	227.3	228.9	227.9	-0.4
Other services	110.9	110.9	111.1	110.6	-0.5	192.9	197.1	198.2	198.5	0.2
Footnotes (1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Women employees (in thousands)				Percent of all employees
	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)
Total nonfarm	78,794	79,523	79,593	79,671	49.9	49.9	49.9	49.9
Total private	65,163	65,711	65,766	65,810	48.4	48.4	48.4	48.4
Goods-producing	4,978	4,962	4,959	4,963	23.0	22.9	22.9	22.9
Mining and logging	86	88	87	86	13.8	14.1	14.0	13.8
Construction	1,170	1,199	1,199	1,201	14.3	14.4	14.4	14.4
Manufacturing	3,722	3,675	3,673	3,676	29.0	28.8	28.8	28.8
Durable goods	1,968	1,931	1,931	1,930	24.7	24.4	24.4	24.4
Nondurable goods	1,754	1,744	1,742	1,746	36.1	35.9	35.9	36.0
Private service-providing	60,185	60,749	60,807	60,847	53.3	53.2	53.2	53.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	11,230	11,270	11,258	11,258	38.8	38.7	38.7	38.7
Wholesale trade	1,858.9	1,889.2	1,885.3	1,884.2	30.3	30.6	30.5	30.5
Retail trade	7,456.1	7,458.5	7,451.7	7,460.1	48.0	47.8	47.8	47.9
Transportation and warehousing	1,759.7	1,767.6	1,765.3	1,757.6	26.4	26.2	26.2	26.1
Utilities	155.6	154.6	155.5	156.0	26.3	26.0	26.0	26.0
Information	1,179	1,172	1,176	1,175	39.9	39.9	39.9	39.9
Financial activities	5,102	5,081	5,084	5,083	55.7	55.0	54.9	54.9
Professional and business services	10,368	10,239	10,224	10,220	45.8	45.3	45.2	45.2
Private education and health services	20,331	20,848	20,908	20,954	76.8	76.6	76.6	76.6
Leisure and hospitality	8,780	8,886	8,902	8,908	52.3	52.3	52.3	52.3
Other services	3,195	3,253	3,255	3,249	53.5	54.0	53.9	53.8
Government	13,631	13,812	13,827	13,861	58.4	58.5	58.5	58.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [In thousands]

Industry	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)
Total private	109,570	110,680	110,791	110,852
Goods-producing	15,427	15,391	15,384	15,361
Mining and logging	481	464	461	456
Construction	5,980	6,030	6,037	6,042
Manufacturing	8,966	8,897	8,886	8,863
Durable goods	5,437	5,359	5,346	5,340
Nondurable goods	3,529	3,538	3,540	3,523
Private service-providing	94,143	95,289	95,407	95,491
Trade, transportation, and utilities	24,454	24,659	24,655	24,658
Wholesale trade	4,848.5	4,894.9	4,902.2	4,897.9
Retail trade	13,314.1	13,389.9	13,375.6	13,382.9
Transportation and warehousing	5,820.4	5,903.2	5,904.1	5,902.2
Utilities	470.9	471.1	473.5	474.6
Information	2,364	2,347	2,351	2,350
Financial activities	6,910	6,995	7,006	7,012
Professional and business services	17,814	17,754	17,753	17,755
Private education and health services	23,088	23,831	23,903	23,961
Leisure and hospitality	14,659	14,807	14,835	14,855
Other services	4,854	4,896	4,904	4,900
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	33.7	33.7	33.7	33.5
Goods-producing	40.7	40.7	40.7	40.6
Mining and logging	47.2	45.3	44.7	45.3
Construction	40.0	40.0	39.9	39.6
Manufacturing	40.8	40.9	41.0	41.0
Durable goods	41.0	41.1	41.3	41.3
Nondurable goods	40.5	40.6	40.6	40.7
Private service-providing	32.6	32.5	32.5	32.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	34.0	34.2	34.1	34.1
Wholesale trade	39.1	39.2	39.1	39.2
Retail trade	30.3	30.4	30.3	30.2
Transportation and warehousing	37.5	38.2	38.1	37.9
Utilities	42.7	42.2	42.4	42.5
Information	35.7	35.8	35.7	35.5
Financial activities	37.0	37.3	37.3	37.2
Professional and business services	36.4	36.4	36.3	36.2
Private education and health services	32.1	31.8	31.8	31.6
Leisure and hospitality	24.1	24.1	24.2	24.0
Other services	31.2	30.9	30.9	30.8
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	3.6	3.6	3.7	3.7
Durable goods	3.6	3.6	3.7	3.7
Nondurable goods	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.6
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)
Total private	$30.07	$31.05	$31.15	$31.24	$1,013.36	$1,046.39	$1,049.76	$1,046.54
Goods-producing	31.03	32.22	32.31	32.36	1,262.92	1,311.35	1,315.02	1,313.82
Mining and logging	36.26	37.36	37.51	37.67	1,711.47	1,692.41	1,676.70	1,706.45
Construction	35.56	36.96	37.08	37.20	1,422.40	1,478.40	1,479.49	1,473.12
Manufacturing	27.74	28.78	28.87	28.87	1,131.79	1,177.10	1,183.67	1,183.67
Durable goods	29.25	30.36	30.47	30.47	1,199.25	1,247.80	1,258.41	1,258.41
Nondurable goods	25.39	26.35	26.42	26.41	1,028.30	1,069.81	1,072.65	1,074.89
Private service-providing	29.87	30.81	30.92	31.01	973.76	1,001.33	1,004.90	1,004.72
Trade, transportation, and utilities	26.02	26.59	26.64	26.71	884.68	909.38	908.42	910.81
Wholesale trade	31.22	31.91	32.02	32.11	1,220.70	1,250.87	1,251.98	1,258.71
Retail trade	20.92	21.37	21.40	21.43	633.88	649.65	648.42	647.19
Transportation and warehousing	29.16	29.80	29.79	29.87	1,093.50	1,138.36	1,135.00	1,132.07
Utilities	45.26	45.74	45.58	45.93	1,932.60	1,930.23	1,932.59	1,952.03
Information	40.74	42.38	42.56	42.73	1,454.42	1,517.20	1,519.39	1,516.92
Financial activities	35.71	37.00	37.24	37.33	1,321.27	1,380.10	1,389.05	1,388.68
Professional and business services	35.46	36.90	37.07	37.23	1,290.74	1,343.16	1,345.64	1,347.73
Private education and health services	31.48	32.47	32.58	32.62	1,010.51	1,032.55	1,036.04	1,030.79
Leisure and hospitality	19.53	20.07	20.12	20.20	470.67	483.69	486.90	484.80
Other services	27.45	28.31	28.44	28.56	856.44	874.78	878.80	879.65
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [2002=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(2)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)	Percent change from: May 2025 - June 2025(p)	June 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025(p)	June 2025(p)	Percent change from: May 2025 - June 2025(p)
Total private	123.0	124.3	124.4	123.7	-0.6	247.3	257.9	259.0	258.4	-0.2
Goods-producing	95.9	95.7	95.7	95.3	-0.4	182.3	188.9	189.3	188.8	-0.3
Mining and logging	120.6	111.7	109.5	109.8	0.3	254.4	242.7	238.9	240.5	0.7
Construction	119.8	120.8	120.6	119.8	-0.7	230.0	241.0	241.5	240.6	-0.4
Manufacturing	84.0	83.5	83.6	83.4	-0.2	152.3	157.2	157.9	157.5	-0.3
Durable goods	83.7	82.7	82.9	82.9	0.0	152.9	156.8	157.8	157.6	-0.1
Nondurable goods	84.2	84.6	84.7	84.5	-0.2	151.1	157.6	158.1	157.7	-0.3
Private service-providing	130.8	131.9	132.1	131.8	-0.2	267.9	278.8	280.2	280.4	0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	116.4	118.1	117.7	117.7	0.0	216.4	224.3	224.1	224.7	0.3
Wholesale trade	112.5	113.9	113.8	113.9	0.1	207.3	214.5	215.0	215.9	0.4
Retail trade	102.3	103.2	102.8	102.5	-0.3	183.5	189.1	188.6	188.3	-0.2
Transportation and warehousing	165.2	170.7	170.2	169.3	-0.5	306.6	323.7	322.8	321.9	-0.3
Utilities	102.8	101.6	102.6	103.1	0.5	194.2	194.0	195.3	197.7	1.2
Information	96.3	95.9	95.8	95.2	-0.6	194.3	201.2	201.8	201.4	-0.2
Financial activities	120.3	122.8	123.0	122.8	-0.2	264.4	279.5	281.8	282.0	0.1
Professional and business services	144.8	144.3	143.9	143.5	-0.3	305.3	316.6	317.2	317.7	0.2
Private education and health services	158.0	161.6	162.1	161.4	-0.4	328.3	346.3	348.5	347.6	-0.3
Leisure and hospitality	129.4	130.7	131.5	130.6	-0.7	287.0	297.9	300.5	299.6	-0.3
Other services	106.2	106.1	106.3	105.8	-0.5	212.4	218.9	220.2	220.3	0.0
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.