Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until                       USDL-26-1291
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, August 7, 2026

Technical information: 
 Household data:      (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:  (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:        (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                             THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION - JULY 2026


Both nonfarm payroll employment (-23,000) and the unemployment rate (4.1 percent) changed little in 
July, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment declined in local government 
education and retail trade. Employment continued to trend up in health care.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey measures labor 
force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The establishment survey 
measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For more information about the 
concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys, see the Technical Note.

Household Survey Data

Both the unemployment rate, at 4.1 percent, and the number of unemployed people, at 6.9 million, 
changed little in July. These measures also changed little over the year. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for teenagers (12.1 percent) and people who 
are Hispanic (4.6 percent) declined in July. The jobless rates for adult men (3.9 percent), adult 
women (3.7 percent), and people who are White (3.6 percent), Black (6.3 percent), or Asian (4.0 
percent) showed little or no change over the month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of people on temporary layoff increased by 153,000 to 921,000 in 
July. The number of permanent job losers changed little at 1.7 million. (See table A-11.)

In July, the number of people jobless less than 5 weeks edged down to 2.0 million and is down by 
344,000 over the year. The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) 
edged down over the month to 1.8 million but changed little over the year. The long-term unemployed 
accounted for 25.5 percent of all unemployed people in July. (See table A-12.)

Both the labor force participation rate, at 61.4 percent, and the employment-population ratio, at 
58.9 percent, changed little in July. Since January, the labor force participation rate declined by 
0.7 percentage point, and the employment-population ratio decreased by 0.5 percentage point. 
(See table A-1.)

The number of people employed part time for economic reasons changed little at 4.8 million in July. 
These individuals would have preferred full-time employment but were working part time because their 
hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-8.)

In July, the number of people not in the labor force who currently want a job changed little at 5.9 
million. These individuals were not counted as unemployed because they were not actively looking for 
work during the 4 weeks preceding the survey or were unavailable to take a job. (See table A-1.)

Among those not in the labor force who wanted a job, the number of people marginally attached to 
the labor force changed little at 1.8 million in July. These individuals wanted and were available 
for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months but had not looked for work in 
the 4 weeks preceding the survey. The number of discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally 
attached who believed that no jobs were available for them, was essentially unchanged in July at 
476,000. (See Summary table A.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment changed little in July (-23,000), following an average monthly 
gain of 34,000 over the prior 12 months. In July, employment declined in local government education 
and retail trade. Employment continued to trend up in health care. (See table B-1.) 

Employment in local government education declined by 50,000 in July, after showing little net 
change over the prior 12 months.
 
Retail trade lost 19,000 jobs in July. Employment declined in warehouse clubs, supercenters, and 
other general merchandise retailers (-21,000) and in gasoline stations and fuel dealers (-5,000). 
Sporting goods, hobby, musical instrument, book, and miscellaneous retailers added 10,000 jobs. 
Retail trade employment had shown little net change over the prior 12 months. 

Employment in financial activities continued to trend down in July (-14,000), reflecting losses in 
credit intermediation and related activities (-9,000) and insurance carriers and related activities 
(-7,000). Financial activities employment is down by 121,000 since a recent peak in May 2025. 

In July, employment in health care continued its upward trend (+22,000) but at a slower pace than 
the average monthly gain over the prior 12 months (+36,000). Employment in ambulatory health care 
services continued to trend up over the month (+18,000). 

Employment showed little change over the month in other major industries, including mining, 
quarrying, and oil and gas extraction; construction; manufacturing; wholesale trade; transportation 
and warehousing; information; professional and business services; social assistance; leisure and 
hospitality; and other services.

In July, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls, at $37.62, were 
little changed (+2 cents). Over the year, average hourly earnings have increased by 3.2 percent. In 
July, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees, at $32.40, 
were little changed (+4 cents). (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.3 hours in 
July. In manufacturing, the average workweek was also unchanged at 40.4 hours, and overtime edged 
down by 0.1 hour to 3.1 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on 
private nonfarm payrolls remained at 33.8 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for May was revised down by 66,000, from +129,000 to 
+63,000, and the change for June was revised down by 37,000, from +57,000 to +20,000. With these 
revisions, employment in May and June combined is 103,000 lower than previously reported. (Monthly 
revisions result from additional reports received from businesses and government agencies since the 
last published estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.)

_____________
The Employment Situation for August 2026 is scheduled to be published on Friday, September 4, 2026, 
at 8:30 a.m. (ET).


 _____________________________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                                             |
|               2026 Preliminary Benchmark Revision to Establishment Survey Data              |
|                             to be Published on August 28, 2026                              |
|                                                                                             |
| Each year, the establishment survey estimates are benchmarked to comprehensive counts of    |
| employment from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) for the month of        |
| March. These counts are derived from state unemployment insurance (UI) tax records that     |
| nearly all employers are required to file. At 10:00 a.m. (ET) on August 28, 2026, the       |
| Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will publish the preliminary estimate of the upcoming      |
| annual benchmark revision to the establishment survey data. This is the same day that the   |
| first-quarter 2026 data from QCEW will be issued. Official establishment survey estimates   |
| are not updated based on this preliminary benchmark revision.                               |
|                                                                                             |
| The final benchmark revision will be issued with the publication of the January 2027        |
| Employment Situation news release in February 2027.                                         |
|_____________________________________________________________________________________________|

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Category	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026	July 2026	Change from: June 2026- July 2026
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population(1)	273,785	275,054	275,166	275,282	116
Civilian labor force	170,412	170,078	169,358	169,094	-264
Participation rate	62.2	61.8	61.5	61.4	-0.1
Employed	163,140	162,771	162,264	162,177	-87
Employment-population ratio	59.6	59.2	59.0	58.9	-0.1
Unemployed	7,272	7,307	7,094	6,916	-178
Unemployment rate	4.3	4.3	4.2	4.1	-0.1
Not in labor force	103,373	104,976	105,808	106,189	381
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over	4.3	4.3	4.2	4.1	-0.1
Adult men (20 years and over)	4.0	4.0	3.9	3.9	0.0
Adult women (20 years and over)	3.7	3.8	3.7	3.7	0.0
Teenagers (16 to 19 years)	15.2	14.7	14.6	12.1	-2.5
White	3.7	3.8	3.6	3.6	0.0
Black or African American	7.2	6.6	6.6	6.3	-0.3
Asian	3.9	3.8	3.9	4.0	0.1
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	5.0	5.0	5.2	4.6	-0.6
Total, 25 years and over	3.4	3.5	3.4	3.4	0.0
Less than a high school diploma	5.6	6.0	5.5	5.4	-0.1
High school graduates, no college	4.4	4.4	4.2	4.0	-0.2
Some college or associate degree	3.0	3.6	3.6	3.6	0.0
Bachelor's degree and higher	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.7	0.0
Reason for unemployment
Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs	3,412	3,385	3,278	3,309	31
Job leavers	785	916	776	793	17
Reentrants	2,199	2,209	2,237	2,123	-114
New entrants	982	818	772	761	-11
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks	2,304	2,210	2,182	1,960	-222
5 to 14 weeks	2,041	1,946	1,936	2,049	113
15 to 26 weeks	1,166	1,077	1,052	1,157	105
27 weeks and over	1,822	1,988	1,937	1,771	-166
Employed people at work part time
Part time for economic reasons	4,689	4,805	4,681	4,804	123
Slack work or business conditions	3,040	3,263	3,010	3,019	9
Could only find part-time work	1,289	1,208	1,409	1,428	19
Part time for noneconomic reasons	22,773	22,853	22,618	22,770	152
People not in the labor force
Marginally attached to the labor force	1,697	1,723	1,761	1,806	45
Discouraged workers	430	486	477	476	-1
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
NOTE: People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	64	63	20	-23
Total private	65	61	30	30
Goods-producing	-23	3	14	25
Mining and logging	-6	3	-2	-2
Construction	-6	2	5	22
Manufacturing	-11	-2	11	5
Durable goods(1)	1	14	12	18
Motor vehicles and parts	4.4	3.3	-0.4	7.9
Nondurable goods	-12	-16	-1	-13
Private service-providing	88	58	16	5
Wholesale trade	-5.7	2.5	3.3	4.7
Retail trade	4.7	5.0	-3.7	-19.4
Transportation and warehousing	3.9	0.8	-11.4	9.7
Utilities	0.4	0.8	-0.2	0.7
Information	-2	-5	-13	11
Financial activities	0	-20	-2	-14
Professional and business services(1)	-16	6	34	18
Temporary help services	-10.4	0.2	11.0	3.4
Private education and health services(1)	87	24	54	25
Health care and social assistance	82.6	34.8	41.0	22.6
Leisure and hospitality	11	42	-43	-40
Other services	5	2	-2	9
Government	-1	2	-10	-53
(3-month average change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	19	142	77	20
Total private	13	138	80	40
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)
Total nonfarm women employees	50.0	50.0	50.1	50.1
Total private women employees	48.5	48.6	48.6	48.6
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees	81.5	81.7	81.6	81.6
HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	34.2	34.3	34.3	34.3
Average hourly earnings	$36.47	$37.49	$37.60	$37.62
Average weekly earnings	$1,247.27	$1,285.91	$1,289.68	$1,290.37
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)	115.9	116.7	116.7	116.7
Over-the-month percent change	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)	202.0	209.2	209.8	210.0
Over-the-month percent change	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.1
DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)(5)
Total private (250 industries)	45.8	54.2	53.2	51.8
Manufacturing (72 industries)	42.4	47.9	56.9	50.0
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. (4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. (5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 122,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 650,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cestn.htm#Revisions-Between-Preliminary-and-Final-Data.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes. About 46 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes. Monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year. More information on business births and deaths in the establishment
   survey is available at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbd.htm.

6. Is the count of unemployed people limited to just those receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No. The estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All people who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes. However, there are separate estimates of people outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   It is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll
   employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment
   estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period.
   Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in
   the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid,
   please visit www.bls.gov/ces/publications/length-pay-period.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. People who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of people who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   people who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit data.bls.gov/toppicks?survey=ln.

Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 119,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 622,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately 26 percent of all nonfarm
payroll jobs.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during
the 4-week period ending with the reference week. People laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of the employed and unemployed.
Those people not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including people on paid leave. People are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2022 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernible. The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or 
more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and
duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component
series and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted
total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 122,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-72,000 to +172,000 (50,000 +/- 122,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 425,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.3 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth-death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used in the ARIMA model is derived from the unemployment
insurance universe micro-level database and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. In addition to this
time series of actual residual net of births and deaths series, the
ARIMA-based component of the birth-death model includes current sample
information to inform the forecasts. More information on business births
and deaths in the establishment survey is available at
www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbd.htm.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. Benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries
when necessary. The absolute average benchmark revision for total nonfarm
employment over the prior 10 years is 0.2 percent. Over this time, revisions 
ranged from -0.4 percent to 0.3 percent.

Other information

   If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1
to access telecommunications relay services.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	July 2025	June 2026	July 2026	July 2025	Mar. 2026	Apr. 2026	May 2026	June 2026	July 2026
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population	273,785	275,166	275,282	273,785	274,858	274,955	275,054	275,166	275,282
Civilian labor force	171,646	170,198	170,235	170,412	170,087	169,995	170,078	169,358	169,094
Participation rate	62.7	61.9	61.8	62.2	61.9	61.8	61.8	61.5	61.4
Employed	163,799	162,722	162,800	163,140	162,848	162,622	162,771	162,264	162,177
Employment-population ratio	59.8	59.1	59.1	59.6	59.2	59.1	59.2	59.0	58.9
Unemployed	7,847	7,476	7,435	7,272	7,239	7,373	7,307	7,094	6,916
Unemployment rate	4.6	4.4	4.4	4.3	4.3	4.3	4.3	4.2	4.1
Not in labor force	102,140	104,968	105,047	103,373	104,771	104,959	104,976	105,808	106,189
People who currently want a job	6,533	6,463	6,258	6,186	6,040	6,111	6,187	6,045	5,920
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	133,546	132,763	132,816	133,546	132,627	132,670	132,714	132,763	132,816
Civilian labor force	91,334	89,384	89,680	90,360	88,846	88,936	89,138	88,690	88,739
Participation rate	68.4	67.3	67.5	67.7	67.0	67.0	67.2	66.8	66.8
Employed	87,317	85,498	85,897	86,375	85,111	85,007	85,172	84,854	84,978
Employment-population ratio	65.4	64.4	64.7	64.7	64.2	64.1	64.2	63.9	64.0
Unemployed	4,017	3,886	3,782	3,985	3,736	3,929	3,966	3,836	3,761
Unemployment rate	4.4	4.3	4.2	4.4	4.2	4.4	4.4	4.3	4.2
Not in labor force	42,212	43,380	43,136	43,186	43,780	43,734	43,576	44,073	44,077
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	124,462	123,822	123,887	124,462	123,657	123,704	123,760	123,822	123,887
Civilian labor force	87,478	85,820	86,002	87,160	85,796	85,791	85,982	85,690	85,690
Participation rate	70.3	69.3	69.4	70.0	69.4	69.4	69.5	69.2	69.2
Employed	84,106	82,589	82,739	83,696	82,562	82,353	82,539	82,333	82,352
Employment-population ratio	67.6	66.7	66.8	67.2	66.8	66.6	66.7	66.5	66.5
Unemployed	3,372	3,231	3,263	3,464	3,235	3,438	3,443	3,356	3,338
Unemployment rate	3.9	3.8	3.8	4.0	3.8	4.0	4.0	3.9	3.9
Not in labor force	36,984	38,003	37,885	37,302	37,860	37,913	37,778	38,133	38,198
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	140,239	142,403	142,467	140,239	142,231	142,284	142,340	142,403	142,467
Civilian labor force	80,311	80,814	80,555	80,052	81,241	81,059	80,940	80,668	80,354
Participation rate	57.3	56.8	56.5	57.1	57.1	57.0	56.9	56.6	56.4
Employed	76,482	77,224	76,903	76,765	77,737	77,615	77,599	77,410	77,199
Employment-population ratio	54.5	54.2	54.0	54.7	54.7	54.5	54.5	54.4	54.2
Unemployed	3,830	3,590	3,653	3,287	3,503	3,444	3,341	3,258	3,155
Unemployment rate	4.8	4.4	4.5	4.1	4.3	4.2	4.1	4.0	3.9
Not in labor force	59,928	61,589	61,911	60,187	60,991	61,225	61,400	61,735	62,112
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	131,481	133,789	133,864	131,481	133,593	133,648	133,715	133,789	133,864
Civilian labor force	76,672	77,080	76,909	77,008	78,007	77,898	77,827	77,448	77,283
Participation rate	58.3	57.6	57.5	58.6	58.4	58.3	58.2	57.9	57.7
Employed	73,404	74,093	73,666	74,150	74,861	74,872	74,882	74,618	74,445
Employment-population ratio	55.8	55.4	55.0	56.4	56.0	56.0	56.0	55.8	55.6
Unemployed	3,268	2,987	3,243	2,857	3,146	3,026	2,945	2,830	2,838
Unemployment rate	4.3	3.9	4.2	3.7	4.0	3.9	3.8	3.7	3.7
Not in labor force	54,809	56,709	56,955	54,473	55,587	55,750	55,889	56,341	56,581
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population	17,843	17,555	17,531	17,843	17,608	17,603	17,579	17,555	17,531
Civilian labor force	7,496	7,298	7,324	6,244	6,284	6,307	6,269	6,221	6,121
Participation rate	42.0	41.6	41.8	35.0	35.7	35.8	35.7	35.4	34.9
Employed	6,288	6,040	6,394	5,294	5,425	5,397	5,350	5,313	5,380
Employment-population ratio	35.2	34.4	36.5	29.7	30.8	30.7	30.4	30.3	30.7
Unemployed	1,207	1,258	929	950	858	910	919	907	740
Unemployment rate	16.1	17.2	12.7	15.2	13.7	14.4	14.7	14.6	12.1
Not in labor force	10,347	10,257	10,207	11,599	11,324	11,297	11,309	11,334	11,410
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	July 2025	June 2026	July 2026	July 2025	Mar. 2026	Apr. 2026	May 2026	June 2026	July 2026
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population	207,569	202,497	202,529	207,569	202,436	202,448	202,468	202,497	202,529
Civilian labor force	129,515	123,471	123,822	128,596	123,841	123,673	123,868	122,956	123,005
Participation rate	62.4	61.0	61.1	62.0	61.2	61.1	61.2	60.7	60.7
Employed	124,367	118,741	119,055	123,821	119,371	119,071	119,133	118,472	118,574
Employment-population ratio	59.9	58.6	58.8	59.7	59.0	58.8	58.8	58.5	58.5
Unemployed	5,149	4,730	4,766	4,775	4,470	4,602	4,735	4,484	4,431
Unemployment rate	4.0	3.8	3.8	3.7	3.6	3.7	3.8	3.6	3.6
Not in labor force	78,054	79,026	78,707	78,973	78,595	78,775	78,600	79,541	79,524
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	66,982	63,179	63,509	66,729	63,724	63,399	63,656	63,087	63,270
Participation rate	69.9	68.2	68.5	69.6	68.8	68.5	68.7	68.1	68.3
Employed	64,734	61,060	61,395	64,398	61,684	61,199	61,344	60,881	61,085
Employment-population ratio	67.6	65.9	66.3	67.2	66.6	66.1	66.2	65.7	65.9
Unemployed	2,249	2,119	2,114	2,331	2,040	2,200	2,312	2,206	2,185
Unemployment rate	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.5	3.2	3.5	3.6	3.5	3.5
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	56,728	55,012	54,963	57,002	55,596	55,698	55,649	55,346	55,246
Participation rate	57.3	56.2	56.1	57.6	56.8	56.9	56.8	56.5	56.4
Employed	54,671	53,165	52,925	55,243	53,721	53,876	53,776	53,622	53,503
Employment-population ratio	55.2	54.3	54.0	55.8	54.9	55.1	54.9	54.8	54.6
Unemployed	2,057	1,847	2,037	1,759	1,875	1,821	1,873	1,724	1,743
Unemployment rate	3.6	3.4	3.7	3.1	3.4	3.3	3.4	3.1	3.2
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	5,805	5,281	5,350	4,864	4,521	4,577	4,563	4,523	4,489
Participation rate	45.4	44.2	44.9	38.0	37.7	38.2	38.1	37.9	37.6
Employed	4,962	4,517	4,735	4,179	3,966	3,996	4,012	3,968	3,986
Employment-population ratio	38.8	37.8	39.7	32.7	33.1	33.3	33.5	33.2	33.4
Unemployed	843	764	615	685	555	581	551	554	503
Unemployment rate	14.5	14.5	11.5	14.1	12.3	12.7	12.1	12.3	11.2
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	35,818	35,477	35,500	35,818	35,411	35,434	35,455	35,477	35,500
Civilian labor force	22,314	22,072	21,922	22,095	22,195	22,044	21,996	21,957	21,753
Participation rate	62.3	62.2	61.8	61.7	62.7	62.2	62.0	61.9	61.3
Employed	20,543	20,549	20,427	20,495	20,621	20,442	20,543	20,514	20,391
Employment-population ratio	57.4	57.9	57.5	57.2	58.2	57.7	57.9	57.8	57.4
Unemployed	1,771	1,523	1,495	1,601	1,574	1,602	1,453	1,443	1,361
Unemployment rate	7.9	6.9	6.8	7.2	7.1	7.3	6.6	6.6	6.3
Not in labor force	13,504	13,405	13,578	13,723	13,216	13,390	13,459	13,520	13,747
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	10,415	10,169	10,139	10,353	10,057	10,167	10,093	10,116	10,082
Participation rate	68.4	68.2	68.0	68.0	67.6	68.3	67.8	67.9	67.6
Employed	9,675	9,599	9,508	9,630	9,328	9,464	9,445	9,532	9,462
Employment-population ratio	63.5	64.4	63.7	63.2	62.7	63.6	63.4	63.9	63.4
Unemployed	740	570	631	723	729	703	648	584	620
Unemployment rate	7.1	5.6	6.2	7.0	7.3	6.9	6.4	5.8	6.2
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	10,948	10,925	10,804	10,958	11,308	11,076	11,116	10,982	10,859
Participation rate	61.2	61.0	60.3	61.2	63.3	61.9	62.1	61.3	60.6
Employed	10,145	10,272	10,146	10,252	10,617	10,358	10,499	10,353	10,270
Employment-population ratio	56.7	57.4	56.6	57.3	59.4	57.9	58.7	57.8	57.3
Unemployed	802	653	658	706	691	718	617	629	589
Unemployment rate	7.3	6.0	6.1	6.4	6.1	6.5	5.6	5.7	5.4
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	951	977	979	784	830	801	786	859	812
Participation rate	35.5	36.7	36.8	29.2	31.1	30.0	29.5	32.3	30.5
Employed	723	677	773	613	676	619	598	629	660
Employment-population ratio	26.9	25.4	29.1	22.9	25.4	23.2	22.5	23.6	24.8
Unemployed	229	300	206	171	154	182	188	230	153
Unemployment rate	24.1	30.7	21.1	21.8	18.5	22.7	23.9	26.8	18.8
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	19,313	20,811	20,627	19,313	21,176	21,088	20,939	20,811	20,627
Civilian labor force	12,647	13,807	13,507	12,537	13,860	13,806	13,698	13,729	13,407
Participation rate	65.5	66.3	65.5	64.9	65.4	65.5	65.4	66.0	65.0
Employed	12,123	13,228	12,947	12,043	13,348	13,350	13,182	13,194	12,875
Employment-population ratio	62.8	63.6	62.8	62.4	63.0	63.3	63.0	63.4	62.4
Unemployed	524	578	560	495	512	456	516	535	532
Unemployment rate	4.1	4.2	4.1	3.9	3.7	3.3	3.8	3.9	4.0
Not in labor force	6,666	7,004	7,120	6,776	7,317	7,282	7,241	7,082	7,220
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	July 2025	June 2026	July 2026	July 2025	Mar. 2026	Apr. 2026	May 2026	June 2026	July 2026
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population	51,514	52,861	52,923	51,514	52,675	52,740	52,799	52,861	52,923
Civilian labor force	34,585	34,936	35,278	34,504	35,515	35,407	35,475	34,911	35,165
Participation rate	67.1	66.1	66.7	67.0	67.4	67.1	67.2	66.0	66.4
Employed	32,807	33,116	33,619	32,769	33,794	33,633	33,697	33,085	33,548
Employment-population ratio	63.7	62.6	63.5	63.6	64.2	63.8	63.8	62.6	63.4
Unemployed	1,778	1,820	1,659	1,734	1,722	1,774	1,778	1,825	1,617
Unemployment rate	5.1	5.2	4.7	5.0	4.8	5.0	5.0	5.2	4.6
Not in labor force	16,930	17,925	17,645	17,011	17,160	17,333	17,324	17,950	17,758
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	18,448	18,193	18,436	18,447	18,330	18,311	18,407	18,191	18,425
Participation rate	79.0	77.5	78.4	79.0	78.4	78.2	78.5	77.5	78.3
Employed	17,723	17,531	17,705	17,658	17,621	17,542	17,688	17,444	17,635
Employment-population ratio	75.9	74.6	75.3	75.6	75.3	74.9	75.4	74.3	75.0
Unemployed	725	663	731	789	709	769	720	747	790
Unemployment rate	3.9	3.6	4.0	4.3	3.9	4.2	3.9	4.1	4.3
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	14,348	15,050	15,245	14,446	15,648	15,512	15,514	15,159	15,318
Participation rate	61.4	61.2	61.9	61.8	63.9	63.3	63.2	61.6	62.2
Employed	13,662	14,271	14,531	13,792	14,857	14,774	14,721	14,395	14,630
Employment-population ratio	58.4	58.0	59.0	59.0	60.7	60.3	60.0	58.5	59.4
Unemployed	686	779	714	654	792	738	793	764	688
Unemployment rate	4.8	5.2	4.7	4.5	5.1	4.8	5.1	5.0	4.5
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	1,789	1,692	1,597	1,610	1,537	1,584	1,554	1,560	1,423
Participation rate	37.4	35.4	33.4	33.7	32.0	33.0	32.4	32.6	29.8
Employed	1,421	1,314	1,383	1,319	1,315	1,317	1,288	1,247	1,284
Employment-population ratio	29.7	27.5	29.0	27.6	27.4	27.4	26.9	26.1	26.9
Unemployed	368	378	214	292	221	267	265	314	139
Unemployment rate	20.6	22.3	13.4	18.1	14.4	16.9	17.1	20.1	9.8
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	July 2025	June 2026	July 2026	July 2025	Mar. 2026	Apr. 2026	May 2026	June 2026	July 2026
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force	8,839	8,516	7,922	9,036	8,578	8,395	8,267	8,314	8,126
Participation rate	47.9	44.2	44.4	49.0	46.7	45.0	44.0	43.1	45.5
Employed	8,365	8,112	7,518	8,530	8,076	7,860	7,768	7,856	7,688
Employment-population ratio	45.4	42.1	42.1	46.3	44.0	42.1	41.3	40.7	43.1
Unemployed	474	404	404	506	502	534	499	458	439
Unemployment rate	5.4	4.7	5.1	5.6	5.9	6.4	6.0	5.5	5.4
High school graduates, no college(1)
Civilian labor force	36,103	36,683	36,697	36,284	36,293	36,804	36,786	36,935	36,862
Participation rate	56.2	56.3	56.4	56.5	56.3	56.8	56.8	56.7	56.6
Employed	34,487	35,227	35,202	34,693	34,602	35,075	35,150	35,390	35,377
Employment-population ratio	53.7	54.1	54.1	54.0	53.7	54.1	54.3	54.4	54.3
Unemployed	1,616	1,455	1,495	1,592	1,691	1,730	1,637	1,546	1,484
Unemployment rate	4.5	4.0	4.1	4.4	4.7	4.7	4.4	4.2	4.0
Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force	36,031	35,227	35,801	36,217	35,992	35,395	35,893	35,425	35,934
Participation rate	62.7	61.0	61.2	63.0	61.8	61.2	62.0	61.4	61.4
Employed	34,891	33,963	34,438	35,127	34,714	34,276	34,593	34,160	34,632
Employment-population ratio	60.7	58.8	58.9	61.1	59.6	59.3	59.7	59.2	59.2
Unemployed	1,140	1,264	1,363	1,090	1,278	1,119	1,299	1,266	1,302
Unemployment rate	3.2	3.6	3.8	3.0	3.6	3.2	3.6	3.6	3.6
Bachelor's degree and higher(2)
Civilian labor force	67,011	66,347	66,364	67,166	67,265	67,390	67,291	66,926	66,602
Participation rate	71.4	71.1	70.5	71.5	71.5	71.8	71.7	71.7	70.7
Employed	64,940	64,491	64,323	65,321	65,364	65,509	65,479	65,144	64,779
Employment-population ratio	69.2	69.1	68.3	69.6	69.5	69.8	69.7	69.8	68.8
Unemployed	2,071	1,856	2,042	1,845	1,900	1,881	1,813	1,782	1,823
Unemployment rate	3.1	2.8	3.1	2.7	2.8	2.8	2.7	2.7	2.7
Footnotes (1) Includes people with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes people with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Total		Men		Women
	July 2025	July 2026	July 2025	July 2026	July 2025	July 2026
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	17,241	16,912	15,163	14,824	2,078	2,088
Civilian labor force	8,240	8,158	7,044	7,001	1,196	1,157
Participation rate	47.8	48.2	46.5	47.2	57.6	55.4
Employed	7,996	7,819	6,852	6,706	1,144	1,113
Employment-population ratio	46.4	46.2	45.2	45.2	55.0	53.3
Unemployed	244	339	192	295	52	44
Unemployment rate	3.0	4.2	2.7	4.2	4.4	3.8
Not in labor force	9,001	8,754	8,119	7,823	882	931
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	5,692	5,770	4,674	4,786	1,018	984
Civilian labor force	4,390	4,463	3,610	3,775	780	688
Participation rate	77.1	77.3	77.2	78.9	76.6	69.9
Employed	4,253	4,251	3,511	3,595	742	657
Employment-population ratio	74.7	73.7	75.1	75.1	72.9	66.7
Unemployed	137	212	99	181	38	31
Unemployment rate	3.1	4.7	2.7	4.8	4.9	4.5
Not in labor force	1,302	1,307	1,064	1,011	238	296
Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,188	3,232	2,701	2,684	487	548
Civilian labor force	2,010	2,067	1,761	1,734	249	333
Participation rate	63.0	63.9	65.2	64.6	51.0	60.7
Employed	1,980	1,992	1,741	1,668	239	324
Employment-population ratio	62.1	61.7	64.5	62.2	49.1	59.1
Unemployed	29	74	20	66	9	9
Unemployment rate	1.5	3.6	1.1	3.8	3.8	2.6
Not in labor force	1,178	1,165	940	950	238	215
Vietnam-era and earlier wartime veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	4,857	4,548	4,672	4,373	185	175
Civilian labor force	580	535	553	520	27	15
Participation rate	11.9	11.8	11.8	11.9	14.4	8.7
Employed	549	516	523	501	27	15
Employment-population ratio	11.3	11.3	11.2	11.4	14.4	8.7
Unemployed	31	19	31	19	0	0
Unemployment rate	5.3	3.5	5.5	3.6	-	-
Not in labor force	4,277	4,013	4,119	3,853	158	160
Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,504	3,362	3,116	2,981	388	381
Civilian labor force	1,261	1,094	1,120	972	141	122
Participation rate	36.0	32.5	35.9	32.6	36.2	31.9
Employed	1,213	1,060	1,077	942	136	117
Employment-population ratio	34.6	31.5	34.6	31.6	35.0	30.8
Unemployed	47	34	43	30	5	4
Unemployment rate	3.8	3.1	3.8	3.1	3.4	3.7
Not in labor force	2,243	2,268	1,996	2,009	247	259
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	247,097	249,401	113,608	113,436	133,489	135,965
Civilian labor force	160,499	159,542	82,858	81,447	77,641	78,095
Participation rate	65.0	64.0	72.9	71.8	58.2	57.4
Employed	153,377	152,827	79,311	78,178	74,066	74,649
Employment-population ratio	62.1	61.3	69.8	68.9	55.5	54.9
Unemployed	7,121	6,715	3,547	3,269	3,574	3,446
Unemployment rate	4.4	4.2	4.3	4.0	4.6	4.4
Not in labor force	86,598	89,859	30,750	31,989	55,848	57,870
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	People with a disability		People with no disability
	July 2025	July 2026	July 2025	July 2026
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	35,889	37,029	237,897	238,254
Civilian labor force	8,878	9,075	162,767	161,160
Participation rate	24.7	24.5	68.4	67.6
Employed	7,988	8,271	155,811	154,529
Employment-population ratio	22.3	22.3	65.5	64.9
Unemployed	891	804	6,956	6,631
Unemployment rate	10.0	8.9	4.3	4.1
Not in labor force	27,010	27,954	75,129	77,093
Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	3,745	3,676	81,028	79,512
Participation rate	42.4	42.8	84.0	83.9
Employed	3,325	3,312	77,645	76,295
Employment-population ratio	37.6	38.6	80.5	80.5
Unemployed	420	364	3,382	3,217
Unemployment rate	11.2	9.9	4.2	4.0
Not in labor force	5,098	4,909	15,460	15,296
Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	3,606	3,714	71,509	71,322
Participation rate	40.9	41.9	73.1	72.8
Employed	3,210	3,378	68,238	68,276
Employment-population ratio	36.4	38.1	69.8	69.7
Unemployed	396	335	3,271	3,046
Unemployment rate	11.0	9.0	4.6	4.3
Not in labor force	5,220	5,150	26,320	26,652
Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force	1,527	1,685	10,230	10,326
Participation rate	8.4	8.6	23.5	22.7
Employed	1,453	1,580	9,927	9,958
Employment-population ratio	8.0	8.1	22.8	21.9
Unemployed	74	105	302	368
Unemployment rate	4.9	6.2	3.0	3.6
Not in labor force	16,692	17,895	33,349	35,146
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity	Total		Men		Women
	July 2025	July 2026	July 2025	July 2026	July 2025	July 2026
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	48,510	48,109	23,595	22,776	24,915	25,333
Civilian labor force	32,066	31,516	18,294	17,332	13,772	14,184
Participation rate	66.1	65.5	77.5	76.1	55.3	56.0
Employed	30,764	30,486	17,597	16,845	13,167	13,641
Employment-population ratio	63.4	63.4	74.6	74.0	52.8	53.8
Unemployed	1,302	1,030	698	487	604	543
Unemployment rate	4.1	3.3	3.8	2.8	4.4	3.8
Not in labor force	16,444	16,593	5,300	5,444	11,143	11,149
Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	225,276	227,173	109,952	110,040	115,324	117,133
Civilian labor force	139,580	138,719	73,040	72,348	66,540	66,371
Participation rate	62.0	61.1	66.4	65.7	57.7	56.7
Employed	133,035	132,315	69,720	69,053	63,315	63,262
Employment-population ratio	59.1	58.2	63.4	62.8	54.9	54.0
Unemployed	6,545	6,404	3,320	3,295	3,225	3,109
Unemployment rate	4.7	4.6	4.5	4.6	4.8	4.7
Not in labor force	85,696	88,455	36,912	37,692	48,784	50,762
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are people who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed people by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands]

Category	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	July 2025	June 2026	July 2026	July 2025	Mar. 2026	Apr. 2026	May 2026	June 2026	July 2026
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries	2,365	2,415	2,356	2,220	2,256	2,288	2,261	2,291	2,216
Wage and salary workers(1)	1,775	1,739	1,667	1,597	1,496	1,562	1,648	1,595	1,508
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	571	652	676	562	721	678	582	638	670
Unpaid family workers	18	24	13	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nonagricultural industries	161,434	160,307	160,444	161,053	160,550	160,256	160,589	160,100	160,093
Wage and salary workers(1)	152,274	151,395	151,209	151,853	151,853	151,331	151,624	151,206	150,852
Government	20,688	21,231	20,909	21,693	21,325	21,393	21,270	21,812	21,881
Private industries	131,586	130,165	130,300	130,084	130,542	129,950	130,318	129,330	128,906
Private households	587	647	515	-	-	-	-	-	-
Other industries	130,998	129,518	129,786	129,486	129,805	129,341	129,721	128,657	128,382
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	9,146	8,879	9,168	9,061	8,737	8,904	8,943	8,792	9,066
Unpaid family workers	14	33	67	-	-	-	-	-	-
PEOPLE AT WORK PART TIME(2)
All industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	4,838	4,863	4,954	4,689	4,497	4,942	4,805	4,681	4,804
Slack work or business conditions	3,027	3,015	3,006	3,040	3,107	3,289	3,263	3,010	3,019
Could only find part-time work	1,374	1,427	1,553	1,289	1,126	1,267	1,208	1,409	1,428
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	21,307	21,570	21,297	22,773	22,767	22,706	22,853	22,618	22,770
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	4,729	4,807	4,906	4,566	4,476	4,873	4,750	4,615	4,743
Slack work or business conditions	2,941	2,984	2,969	2,937	3,096	3,274	3,235	2,964	2,968
Could only find part-time work	1,363	1,415	1,548	1,282	1,124	1,258	1,205	1,398	1,426
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	20,917	21,173	20,859	22,391	22,393	22,322	22,445	22,213	22,345
Footnotes (1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. (2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed people who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. (3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. (4) Refers to people who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes people who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	July 2025	June 2026	July 2026	July 2025	Mar. 2026	Apr. 2026	May 2026	June 2026	July 2026
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	163,799	162,722	162,800	163,140	162,848	162,622	162,771	162,264	162,177
16 to 19 years	6,288	6,040	6,394	5,294	5,425	5,397	5,350	5,313	5,380
16 to 17 years	2,425	2,096	2,154	1,985	2,000	1,929	1,850	1,856	1,771
18 to 19 years	3,863	3,944	4,241	3,281	3,459	3,496	3,510	3,464	3,594
20 years and over	157,510	156,682	156,406	157,846	157,423	157,225	157,421	156,951	156,797
20 to 24 years	14,828	14,889	14,926	14,325	14,633	14,429	14,463	14,507	14,433
25 years and over	142,683	141,793	141,480	143,534	142,806	142,743	142,936	142,421	142,405
25 to 54 years	104,853	104,108	104,039	105,453	105,007	104,932	105,089	104,401	104,674
25 to 34 years	36,008	35,840	36,002	36,172	36,362	36,427	36,549	35,906	36,189
35 to 44 years	36,825	36,615	36,600	37,052	36,529	36,646	36,737	36,755	36,826
45 to 54 years	32,021	31,654	31,437	32,229	32,116	31,859	31,802	31,740	31,659
55 years and over	37,830	37,685	37,441	38,081	37,799	37,810	37,847	38,019	37,731
Men, 16 years and over	87,317	85,498	85,897	86,375	85,111	85,007	85,172	84,854	84,978
16 to 19 years	3,211	2,909	3,158	2,679	2,549	2,654	2,633	2,521	2,626
16 to 17 years	1,153	990	1,013	931	860	842	875	841	821
18 to 19 years	2,057	1,919	2,145	1,730	1,707	1,829	1,768	1,691	1,800
20 years and over	84,106	82,589	82,739	83,696	82,562	82,353	82,539	82,333	82,352
20 to 24 years	7,616	7,977	8,032	7,271	7,632	7,382	7,522	7,678	7,667
25 years and over	76,490	74,612	74,707	76,412	74,970	74,972	74,984	74,606	74,662
25 to 54 years	56,076	54,882	54,896	55,977	55,104	55,253	55,326	54,781	54,827
25 to 34 years	19,323	19,162	19,146	19,264	19,171	19,431	19,423	19,115	19,104
35 to 44 years	19,789	19,270	19,342	19,755	19,331	19,304	19,333	19,250	19,312
45 to 54 years	16,964	16,450	16,408	16,958	16,603	16,517	16,569	16,416	16,411
55 years and over	20,414	19,730	19,811	20,435	19,865	19,719	19,657	19,825	19,835
Women, 16 years and over	76,482	77,224	76,903	76,765	77,737	77,615	77,599	77,410	77,199
16 to 19 years	3,078	3,131	3,236	2,615	2,876	2,743	2,717	2,792	2,754
16 to 17 years	1,272	1,106	1,140	1,054	1,140	1,088	975	1,015	950
18 to 19 years	1,806	2,025	2,096	1,551	1,751	1,667	1,742	1,774	1,794
20 years and over	73,404	74,093	73,666	74,150	74,861	74,872	74,882	74,618	74,445
20 to 24 years	7,212	6,912	6,894	7,053	7,002	7,047	6,941	6,829	6,766
25 years and over	66,193	67,181	66,773	67,123	67,836	67,771	67,952	67,815	67,743
25 to 54 years	48,777	49,226	49,142	49,476	49,903	49,680	49,762	49,621	49,847
25 to 34 years	16,685	16,678	16,856	16,908	17,191	16,996	17,126	16,792	17,085
35 to 44 years	17,036	17,344	17,257	17,297	17,198	17,342	17,404	17,505	17,514
45 to 54 years	15,057	15,203	15,029	15,271	15,513	15,342	15,233	15,324	15,248
55 years and over	17,416	17,955	17,630	17,646	17,934	18,091	18,190	18,194	17,896
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present(1)	46,734	44,872	44,616	46,855	45,327	45,078	45,034	44,947	44,764
Married women, spouse present(1)	37,371	37,533	37,097	37,854	37,963	37,901	37,779	37,920	37,626
Women who maintain families(2)	9,287	9,837	9,634	-	-	-	-	-	-
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(3)	136,148	134,774	134,828	134,839	134,676	134,252	134,173	133,659	133,553
Part-time workers(4)	27,651	27,948	27,972	28,453	28,290	28,413	28,679	28,626	28,764
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders	8,243	8,406	8,585	8,358	8,357	8,434	8,428	8,554	8,693
Percent of total employed	5.0	5.2	5.3	5.1	5.1	5.2	5.2	5.3	5.4
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated	6,761	6,929	6,645	-	-	-	-	-	-
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	9,717	9,531	9,844	9,623	9,458	9,582	9,525	9,431	9,735
Footnotes (1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to people in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to people in opposite-sex married couples only. (2) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. (3) Employed full-time workers are people who usually work 35 hours or more per week. (4) Employed part-time workers are people who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic	Number of unemployed people (in thousands)			Unemployment rates
	July 2025	June 2026	July 2026	July 2025	Mar. 2026	Apr. 2026	May 2026	June 2026	July 2026
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	7,272	7,094	6,916	4.3	4.3	4.3	4.3	4.2	4.1
16 to 19 years	950	907	740	15.2	13.7	14.4	14.7	14.6	12.1
16 to 17 years	346	383	278	14.9	14.2	16.6	17.4	17.1	13.6
18 to 19 years	609	518	456	15.7	13.4	13.4	13.3	13.0	11.3
20 years and over	6,321	6,187	6,176	3.9	3.9	3.9	3.9	3.8	3.8
20 to 24 years	1,230	1,108	1,101	7.9	6.4	7.6	7.2	7.1	7.1
25 years and over	5,054	5,072	5,063	3.4	3.6	3.6	3.5	3.4	3.4
25 to 54 years	3,927	3,991	3,875	3.6	3.7	3.7	3.8	3.7	3.6
25 to 34 years	1,628	1,731	1,762	4.3	4.8	4.8	4.7	4.6	4.6
35 to 44 years	1,320	1,249	1,109	3.4	3.2	3.1	3.5	3.3	2.9
45 to 54 years	979	1,011	1,004	2.9	3.0	3.3	3.0	3.1	3.1
55 years and over	1,129	1,076	1,196	2.9	3.3	3.0	3.0	2.8	3.1
Men, 16 years and over	3,985	3,836	3,761	4.4	4.2	4.4	4.4	4.3	4.2
16 to 19 years	521	480	423	16.3	16.4	15.6	16.6	16.0	13.9
16 to 17 years	206	173	162	18.1	17.1	20.3	18.5	17.0	16.5
18 to 19 years	313	301	248	15.3	16.0	13.0	15.3	15.1	12.1
20 years and over	3,464	3,356	3,338	4.0	3.8	4.0	4.0	3.9	3.9
20 to 24 years	665	548	545	8.4	6.7	8.2	8.2	6.7	6.6
25 years and over	2,762	2,785	2,781	3.5	3.4	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.6
25 to 54 years	2,141	2,212	2,198	3.7	3.5	3.7	3.7	3.9	3.9
25 to 34 years	929	972	1,038	4.6	4.7	4.8	4.6	4.8	5.2
35 to 44 years	696	721	624	3.4	3.0	3.4	3.5	3.6	3.1
45 to 54 years	516	519	536	3.0	2.7	2.8	2.8	3.1	3.2
55 years and over	621	574	584	2.9	3.2	3.2	3.3	2.8	2.9
Women, 16 years and over	3,287	3,258	3,155	4.1	4.3	4.2	4.1	4.0	3.9
16 to 19 years	429	428	317	14.1	11.1	13.2	12.7	13.3	10.3
16 to 17 years	140	210	116	11.7	11.9	13.5	16.5	17.2	10.8
18 to 19 years	297	217	208	16.1	10.8	13.8	11.2	10.9	10.4
20 years and over	2,857	2,830	2,838	3.7	4.0	3.9	3.8	3.7	3.7
20 to 24 years	565	560	556	7.4	6.2	6.9	6.2	7.6	7.6
25 years and over	2,292	2,287	2,282	3.3	3.8	3.5	3.5	3.3	3.3
25 to 54 years	1,786	1,780	1,678	3.5	3.9	3.8	3.9	3.5	3.3
25 to 34 years	699	759	725	4.0	4.9	4.8	4.8	4.3	4.1
35 to 44 years	624	529	485	3.5	3.4	2.8	3.5	2.9	2.7
45 to 54 years	464	492	468	2.9	3.3	3.8	3.4	3.1	3.0
55 years and over	501	510	607	2.8	3.4	2.8	2.5	2.7	3.3
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present(1)	1,028	1,003	949	2.1	2.2	2.0	2.3	2.2	2.1
Married women, spouse present(1)	995	995	906	2.6	3.0	2.5	2.5	2.6	2.4
Women who maintain families(2)	648	477	592	6.5	5.0	4.2	4.7	4.6	5.8
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(3)	5,996	5,709	5,682	4.3	4.2	4.3	4.2	4.1	4.1
Part-time workers(4)	1,268	1,353	1,255	4.3	4.6	4.6	4.7	4.5	4.2
Footnotes (1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to people in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to people in opposite-sex married couples only. (2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. (3) Full-time workers are unemployed people who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. (4) Part-time workers are unemployed people who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed people by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands]

Reason	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	July 2025	June 2026	July 2026	July 2025	Mar. 2026	Apr. 2026	May 2026	June 2026	July 2026
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs	3,534	3,262	3,450	3,412	3,403	3,511	3,385	3,278	3,309
On temporary layoff	1,118	802	1,123	940	877	917	778	768	921
Not on temporary layoff	2,415	2,460	2,326	2,472	2,526	2,595	2,606	2,511	2,388
Permanent job losers	1,871	1,755	1,687	1,894	1,881	1,909	1,927	1,769	1,715
People who completed temporary jobs	544	705	639	578	645	686	680	741	673
Job leavers	818	749	825	785	898	844	916	776	793
Reentrants	2,346	2,422	2,249	2,199	2,254	2,282	2,209	2,237	2,123
New entrants	1,149	1,043	911	982	714	805	818	772	761
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs	45.0	43.6	46.4	46.2	46.8	47.2	46.2	46.4	47.4
On temporary layoff	14.3	10.7	15.1	12.7	12.1	12.3	10.6	10.9	13.2
Not on temporary layoff	30.8	32.9	31.3	33.5	34.7	34.9	35.6	35.5	34.2
Job leavers	10.4	10.0	11.1	10.6	12.4	11.3	12.5	11.0	11.3
Reentrants	29.9	32.4	30.2	29.8	31.0	30.7	30.2	31.7	30.4
New entrants	14.6	14.0	12.3	13.3	9.8	10.8	11.2	10.9	10.9
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs	2.1	1.9	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.1	2.0	1.9	2.0
Job leavers	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Reentrants	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3
New entrants	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.4
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed people by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands]

Duration	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	July 2025	June 2026	July 2026	July 2025	Mar. 2026	Apr. 2026	May 2026	June 2026	July 2026
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks	2,588	2,857	2,217	2,304	2,138	2,496	2,210	2,182	1,960
5 to 14 weeks	2,377	1,756	2,397	2,041	1,998	1,859	1,946	1,936	2,049
15 weeks and over	2,881	2,863	2,821	2,989	3,033	2,890	3,065	2,989	2,929
15 to 26 weeks	1,028	997	1,019	1,166	1,212	1,057	1,077	1,052	1,157
27 weeks and over	1,854	1,866	1,802	1,822	1,821	1,833	1,988	1,937	1,771
Average (mean) duration, in weeks	22.9	23.7	23.7	24.0	25.3	24.4	26.0	25.5	24.9
Median duration, in weeks	9.3	8.8	9.5	10.2	11.5	11.0	11.6	11.0	10.5
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks	33.0	38.2	29.8	31.4	29.8	34.4	30.6	30.7	28.2
5 to 14 weeks	30.3	23.5	32.2	27.8	27.9	25.7	27.0	27.2	29.5
15 weeks and over	36.7	38.3	37.9	40.8	42.3	39.9	42.4	42.1	42.2
15 to 26 weeks	13.1	13.3	13.7	15.9	16.9	14.6	14.9	14.8	16.7
27 weeks and over	23.6	25.0	24.2	24.9	25.4	25.3	27.5	27.3	25.5
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed people by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Occupation	Employed		Unemployed		Unemployment rates
	July 2025	July 2026	July 2025	July 2026	July 2025	July 2026
Total, 16 years and over(1)	163,799	162,800	7,847	7,435	4.6	4.4
Management, professional, and related occupations	69,809	69,913	2,162	2,120	3.0	2.9
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	30,985	30,567	680	721	2.1	2.3
Professional and related occupations	38,825	39,346	1,482	1,399	3.7	3.4
Service occupations	28,253	27,367	1,529	1,508	5.1	5.2
Sales and office occupations	31,067	30,863	1,253	1,282	3.9	4.0
Sales and related occupations	14,502	14,406	592	620	3.9	4.1
Office and administrative support occupations	16,565	16,457	661	662	3.8	3.9
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	15,349	14,314	547	570	3.4	3.8
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	1,198	1,105	50	44	4.0	3.9
Construction and extraction occupations	8,922	8,229	392	420	4.2	4.9
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	5,229	4,979	105	106	2.0	2.1
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	19,321	20,343	1,198	1,013	5.8	4.7
Production occupations	7,662	8,121	411	276	5.1	3.3
Transportation and material moving occupations	11,659	12,223	788	736	6.3	5.7
Footnotes (1) People with no previous work experience and people whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed people by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker	Number of unemployed people (in thousands)		Unemployment rates
	July 2025	July 2026	July 2025	July 2026
Total, 16 years and over(1)	7,847	7,435	4.6	4.4
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers	5,487	5,343	4.0	3.9
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	22	22	4.2	3.8
Construction	379	384	3.4	3.7
Manufacturing	641	427	4.2	2.9
Durable goods	413	284	4.2	2.9
Nondurable goods	228	143	4.4	2.8
Wholesale and retail trade	877	897	4.4	4.5
Transportation and utilities	329	405	3.9	4.7
Information	140	198	5.5	6.7
Financial activities	238	261	2.2	2.5
Professional and business services	696	719	3.3	3.6
Education and health services	1,023	1,081	3.8	4.0
Leisure and hospitality	883	766	6.2	5.5
Other services	259	183	3.9	2.8
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers	64	65	3.6	3.9
Government workers	793	831	3.7	3.8
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers	354	284	3.5	2.8
Footnotes (1) People with no previous work experience and people whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2025 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2022 Census industry classification system, derived from the 2022 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Data for 2025 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent]

Measure	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	July 2025	June 2026	July 2026	July 2025	Mar. 2026	Apr. 2026	May 2026	June 2026	July 2026
U-1 People unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.8	1.7
U-2 Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force	2.1	1.9	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.1	2.0	1.9	2.0
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)	4.6	4.4	4.4	4.3	4.3	4.3	4.3	4.2	4.1
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers	4.8	4.7	4.6	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.6	4.5	4.4
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other people marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all people marginally attached to the labor force	5.5	5.4	5.4	5.2	5.3	5.3	5.3	5.2	5.1
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all people marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all people marginally attached to the labor force	8.3	8.2	8.3	7.9	8.0	8.2	8.1	7.9	7.9
NOTE: People marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. People employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. People not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Category	Total		Men		Women
	July 2025	July 2026	July 2025	July 2026	July 2025	July 2026
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force	102,140	105,047	42,212	43,136	59,928	61,911
People who currently want a job	6,533	6,258	2,995	2,893	3,538	3,364
Marginally attached to the labor force(1)	1,751	1,871	891	1,043	860	828
Discouraged workers(2)	457	503	270	293	187	210
Other people marginally attached to the labor force(3)	1,294	1,367	621	749	673	618
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders(4)	8,243	8,585	4,086	4,046	4,157	4,539
Percent of total employed	5.0	5.3	4.7	4.7	5.4	5.9
Primary job full time, secondary job part time	4,757	4,772	2,537	2,443	2,220	2,329
Primary and secondary jobs both part time	2,069	2,161	754	740	1,315	1,421
Primary and secondary jobs both full time	391	473	240	257	151	215
Hours vary on primary or secondary job	948	1,119	527	567	421	552
Footnotes (1) Data refer to people who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. (2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. (3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. (4) Includes a small number of people who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]

Industry	Not seasonally adjusted				Seasonally adjusted
	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)	Change from: June2026 - July2026(p)
Total nonfarm	158,267	159,386	159,748	158,649	158,542	158,861	158,881	158,858	-23
Total private	135,901	135,754	136,557	136,536	134,957	135,528	135,558	135,588	30
Goods-producing	21,786	21,555	21,787	21,845	21,496	21,522	21,536	21,561	25
Mining and logging	617	611	615	615	610	611	609	607	-2
Logging	40.8	37.4	38.5	40.0	39.9	38.8	38.4	38.8	0.4
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	575.9	573.7	576.7	575.0	570.2	572.6	570.4	568.5	-1.9
Oil and gas extraction	118.2	115.0	115.9	115.8	117.2	115.4	115.1	114.6	-0.5
Mining (except oil and gas)	192.3	191.8	194.1	193.7	188.5	189.7	190.4	189.3	-1.1
Coal mining	39.8	38.2	39.2	38.8	39.6	38.3	38.9	38.3	-0.6
Metal ore mining	44.9	46.1	46.5	46.4	44.5	46.2	46.2	46.2	0.0
Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying	107.6	107.5	108.4	108.5	104.4	105.2	105.3	104.8	-0.5
Support activities for mining	265.4	266.9	266.7	265.5	264.5	267.5	264.9	264.6	-0.3
Construction	8,476	8,363	8,494	8,536	8,261	8,316	8,321	8,343	22
Construction of buildings	1,894.6	1,865.1	1,895.1	1,904.4	1,853.6	1,864.0	1,864.2	1,867.9	3.7
Residential building construction	945.2	921.8	927.3	931.5	928.1	918.9	915.1	914.6	-0.5
Nonresidential building construction	949.4	943.3	967.8	972.9	925.5	945.1	949.1	953.3	4.2
Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,230.8	1,229.2	1,245.9	1,245.9	1,182.6	1,201.9	1,203.3	1,203.7	0.4
Specialty trade contractors	5,350.4	5,268.9	5,352.6	5,386.1	5,224.4	5,249.9	5,253.2	5,271.2	18.0
Residential specialty trade contractors	2,443.3	2,364.4	2,397.4	2,402.0	2,379.7	2,353.0	2,346.4	2,349.0	2.6
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors	2,907.1	2,904.5	2,955.2	2,984.1	2,844.7	2,896.9	2,906.8	2,922.2	15.4
Manufacturing	12,693	12,581	12,678	12,694	12,625	12,595	12,606	12,611	5
Durable goods	7,867	7,834	7,899	7,913	7,834	7,839	7,851	7,869	18
Wood product manufacturing	407.6	392.9	395.9	395.8	403.9	391.9	392.9	393.0	0.1
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	421.9	422.5	427.7	427.5	417.2	420.9	422.2	423.0	0.8
Primary metal manufacturing	366.4	366.7	368.5	370.5	364.6	366.5	366.4	367.0	0.6
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	1,440.4	1,447.2	1,457.7	1,460.4	1,434.7	1,448.4	1,450.2	1,452.7	2.5
Machinery manufacturing	1,090.4	1,085.2	1,094.4	1,101.1	1,085.0	1,085.8	1,088.6	1,091.2	2.6
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	1,005.6	991.7	1,001.7	1,005.1	995.8	993.9	995.1	998.0	2.9
Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing	100.4	99.6	100.3	100.4	99.6	100.2	100.0	100.0	0.0
Communications equipment manufacturing	79.8	82.4	83.5	83.7	79.2	82.4	82.7	83.3	0.6
Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing	383.4	369.2	372.2	374.3	378.3	369.2	368.5	370.2	1.7
Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control instruments manufacturing	412.9	414.1	418.6	419.9	410.0	415.3	417.1	418.1	1.0
Manufacturing and reproducing magnetic and optical media and audio and video equipment manufacturing	29.1	26.4	27.1	26.8	28.7	26.7	26.7	26.3	-0.4
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	430.5	437.8	440.0	441.9	428.7	438.5	438.8	439.4	0.6
Transportation equipment manufacturing(1)	1,746.1	1,746.1	1,760.7	1,765.2	1,751.4	1,749.9	1,752.5	1,764.4	11.9
Motor vehicles and parts(2)	963.6	956.9	961.4	958.8	975.4	957.0	956.6	964.5	7.9
Furniture and related product manufacturing	342.6	331.8	334.0	331.8	340.2	330.7	330.1	327.8	-2.3
Miscellaneous manufacturing	615.7	611.6	618.3	614.1	612.5	612.4	614.5	612.8	-1.7
Nondurable goods	4,826	4,747	4,779	4,781	4,791	4,756	4,755	4,742	-13
Food manufacturing	1,797.0	1,760.8	1,773.4	1,779.9	1,784.8	1,771.9	1,770.5	1,764.3	-6.2
Textile mills	81.2	78.2	78.4	77.3	80.8	78.3	78.1	77.1	-1.0
Textile product mills	90.7	93.2	93.6	92.6	90.6	93.1	93.5	92.8	-0.7
Apparel manufacturing	78.9	72.6	73.1	72.0	79.0	72.8	72.4	71.8	-0.6
Paper manufacturing	355.7	355.3	357.4	358.4	355.4	356.4	357.6	357.5	-0.1
Printing and related support activities	343.1	341.7	340.6	338.2	342.8	340.3	339.5	339.0	-0.5
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	111.5	110.7	111.3	111.9	109.4	109.3	109.3	109.5	0.2
Chemical manufacturing	906.3	897.8	904.8	904.6	900.1	898.7	900.8	898.8	-2.0
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	704.4	692.1	691.5	691.3	702.3	690.5	687.9	686.9	-1.0
Beverage, tobacco, and leather and allied product manufacturing	357.6	344.9	355.1	354.5	346.0	344.4	345.0	344.6	-0.4
Private service-providing	114,115	114,199	114,770	114,691	113,461	114,006	114,022	114,027	5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	28,666	28,610	28,711	28,652	28,744	28,724	28,712	28,708	-4
Wholesale trade	6,081.2	6,057.5	6,082.6	6,093.8	6,051.6	6,054.4	6,057.7	6,062.4	4.7
Merchant wholesalers, durable goods	3,413.1	3,398.6	3,416.5	3,432.2	3,399.2	3,400.8	3,406.6	3,414.4	7.8
Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods	2,223.9	2,216.4	2,220.5	2,214.5	2,209.2	2,209.7	2,204.8	2,201.8	-3.0
Wholesale trade agents and brokers	444.2	442.5	445.6	447.1	443.2	443.9	446.3	446.2	-0.1
Retail trade	15,440.7	15,413.9	15,491.2	15,450.5	15,430.2	15,464.0	15,460.3	15,440.9	-19.4
Motor vehicle and parts dealers	2,054.2	2,051.7	2,058.0	2,061.4	2,044.7	2,047.2	2,047.5	2,050.1	2.6
Automobile dealers	1,293.3	1,285.6	1,285.9	1,287.9	1,292.2	1,285.3	1,283.5	1,286.5	3.0
Other motor vehicle dealers	164.9	163.7	165.8	165.8	156.6	159.3	158.9	158.9	0.0
Automotive parts, accessories, and tire retailers	596.0	602.4	606.3	607.7	595.9	602.6	605.1	604.6	-0.5
Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	1,407.1	1,424.2	1,417.7	1,390.0	1,375.9	1,365.7	1,356.5	1,356.2	-0.3
Food and beverage retailers	3,267.6	3,243.1	3,265.5	3,258.8	3,254.1	3,254.8	3,258.2	3,255.5	-2.7
Furniture, home furnishings, electronics, and appliance retailers	758.9	743.2	740.9	744.2	772.6	756.8	756.4	755.3	-1.1
Furniture and home furnishings retailers	389.1	382.1	381.3	381.7	395.8	387.9	387.3	386.5	-0.8
Electronics and appliance retailers	369.8	361.1	359.6	362.5	376.8	369.0	369.2	368.8	-0.4
General merchandise retailers	3,209.8	3,199.2	3,209.1	3,173.2	3,235.5	3,241.8	3,233.5	3,212.2	-21.3
Department stores	903.5	910.7	917.9	916.9	924.6	937.9	940.2	939.4	-0.8
Warehouse clubs, supercenters, and other general merchandise retailers	2,306.3	2,288.5	2,291.2	2,256.3	2,311.0	2,303.9	2,293.4	2,272.8	-20.6
Health and personal care retailers	1,048.9	1,045.0	1,046.3	1,044.0	1,062.6	1,050.7	1,052.1	1,050.5	-1.6
Gasoline stations and fuel dealers	1,063.6	1,060.5	1,074.3	1,071.8	1,051.3	1,061.3	1,065.0	1,060.4	-4.6
Clothing, clothing accessories, shoe, and jewelry retailers	1,130.5	1,118.2	1,142.5	1,157.8	1,139.9	1,149.2	1,154.0	1,154.1	0.1
Sporting goods, hobby, musical instrument, book, and miscellaneous retailers	1,500.1	1,528.8	1,536.9	1,549.3	1,493.6	1,536.5	1,537.1	1,546.6	9.5
Transportation and warehousing	6,536.7	6,531.8	6,526.4	6,494.9	6,659.4	6,597.8	6,586.4	6,596.1	9.7
Air transportation	577.6	570.8	571.8	571.0	572.3	568.1	568.4	568.4	0.0
Rail transportation	154.6	150.0	150.0	150.0	154.8	149.6	149.7	149.3	-0.4
Water transportation	74.4	70.7	73.4	74.6	70.7	69.8	70.1	70.5	0.4
Truck transportation	1,499.3	1,467.6	1,476.5	1,481.3	1,482.5	1,467.7	1,465.0	1,465.1	0.1
Transit and ground passenger transportation	426.5	508.5	480.9	430.1	490.3	492.8	491.0	494.4	3.4
Pipeline transportation	56.7	55.9	56.5	57.4	56.4	56.1	56.3	57.3	1.0
Scenic and sightseeing transportation	47.1	36.1	41.2	43.8	36.6	32.7	33.0	33.3	0.3
Support activities for transportation	834.3	822.5	824.1	826.6	834.2	825.1	825.7	825.2	-0.5
Couriers and messengers	1,015.5	1,027.1	1,025.4	1,037.7	1,092.3	1,094.2	1,083.1	1,098.0	14.9
Warehousing and storage	1,850.7	1,822.6	1,826.6	1,822.4	1,869.3	1,841.7	1,844.1	1,834.6	-9.5
Utilities	606.9	606.5	610.4	612.9	602.6	607.6	607.4	608.1	0.7
Information	2,882	2,777	2,784	2,788	2,861	2,782	2,769	2,780	11
Motion picture and sound recording industries	369.0	330.0	333.7	338.8	355.0	325.6	322.8	332.7	9.9
Publishing industries	913.0	894.1	901.1	895.8	909.4	898.1	895.4	893.3	-2.1
Broadcasting and content providers	342.2	334.9	337.9	334.9	342.4	335.7	337.3	335.8	-1.5
Telecommunications	593.4	573.9	570.5	573.2	593.2	575.6	571.7	571.8	0.1
Computing infrastructure providers, data processing, web hosting, and related services	482.6	465.4	460.4	460.1	480.0	465.7	461.1	463.5	2.4
Web search portals, libraries, archives, and other information services	181.9	178.5	179.9	185.3	181.2	180.9	180.5	183.2	2.7
Financial activities	9,278	9,081	9,136	9,149	9,204	9,106	9,104	9,090	-14
Finance and insurance	6,781.6	6,644.5	6,676.1	6,673.4	6,747.3	6,666.6	6,666.8	6,652.2	-14.6
Monetary authorities-central bank	19.8	18.4	18.5	18.5	19.6	18.4	18.3	18.2	-0.1
Credit intermediation and related activities	2,576.8	2,532.5	2,544.7	2,536.7	2,567.2	2,536.5	2,538.4	2,529.6	-8.8
Depository credit intermediation(1)	1,791.6	1,767.8	1,776.1	1,773.9	1,784.3	1,771.9	1,771.2	1,768.7	-2.5
Commercial banking	1,378.6	1,350.6	1,355.9	1,353.5	1,372.2	1,354.7	1,352.6	1,350.1	-2.5
Nondepository credit intermediation	504.5	490.3	494.5	490.8	502.0	490.9	492.9	490.3	-2.6
Activities related to credit intermediation	280.7	274.4	274.1	272.0	280.8	273.7	274.4	270.6	-3.8
Securities, commodity contracts, funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles, investments, and related activities	1,159.8	1,157.3	1,172.2	1,180.1	1,143.9	1,165.3	1,167.8	1,168.8	1.0
Insurance carriers and related activities	3,025.2	2,936.3	2,940.7	2,938.1	3,016.6	2,946.4	2,942.3	2,935.6	-6.7
Real estate and rental and leasing	2,496.6	2,436.0	2,459.8	2,475.7	2,456.4	2,439.1	2,437.1	2,437.3	0.2
Real estate	1,876.3	1,842.1	1,852.2	1,865.2	1,855.7	1,847.9	1,846.2	1,847.6	1.4
Rental and leasing services	598.3	572.7	586.2	589.3	578.9	570.0	569.7	568.7	-1.0
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	22.0	21.2	21.4	21.2	21.8	21.2	21.2	21.0	-0.2
Professional and business services	22,511	22,503	22,631	22,647	22,403	22,466	22,500	22,518	18
Professional, scientific, and technical services	10,826.6	10,762.9	10,840.8	10,878.7	10,772.5	10,815.8	10,832.2	10,837.3	5.1
Legal services	1,235.2	1,229.6	1,256.1	1,255.0	1,223.5	1,238.3	1,244.2	1,245.2	1.0
Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services	1,097.7	1,097.3	1,098.5	1,095.9	1,126.7	1,124.0	1,126.6	1,129.1	2.5
Architectural, engineering, and related services	1,765.1	1,760.4	1,788.3	1,797.4	1,733.1	1,764.1	1,765.1	1,769.7	4.6
Specialized design services	148.8	148.5	150.3	150.4	148.5	149.4	150.7	150.2	-0.5
Computer systems design and related services	2,408.5	2,368.8	2,361.1	2,382.7	2,395.7	2,370.0	2,369.2	2,366.4	-2.8
Management, scientific, and technical consulting services	1,864.2	1,872.3	1,888.8	1,887.9	1,859.0	1,878.0	1,888.1	1,886.6	-1.5
Scientific research and development services	933.0	910.3	922.0	933.1	920.1	912.8	915.0	920.3	5.3
Advertising, public relations, and related services	486.2	478.9	478.7	477.9	483.5	480.3	476.7	475.9	-0.8
Other professional, scientific, and technical services	887.9	896.8	897.0	898.4	882.6	899.0	896.6	894.0	-2.6
Management of companies and enterprises	2,648.9	2,606.9	2,628.7	2,644.3	2,625.1	2,617.5	2,616.7	2,624.5	7.8
Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services	9,035.2	9,132.8	9,161.1	9,124.4	9,004.9	9,033.0	9,050.9	9,056.0	5.1
Administrative and support services	8,507.3	8,606.8	8,630.0	8,592.5	8,483.2	8,507.1	8,524.6	8,529.3	4.7
Office administrative services	623.3	632.7	639.0	642.0	619.4	632.5	637.0	635.0	-2.0
Facilities support services	179.6	179.1	177.6	178.7	179.2	180.5	177.7	177.8	0.1
Employment services(1)	3,086.9	3,217.9	3,185.0	3,144.9	3,183.7	3,190.0	3,202.7	3,206.8	4.1
Temporary help services	2,403.7	2,515.6	2,485.5	2,448.2	2,494.2	2,490.6	2,501.6	2,505.0	3.4
Business support services	641.6	621.6	623.4	622.0	649.9	627.7	628.8	629.4	0.6
Travel arrangement and reservation services	189.1	184.8	188.7	189.3	187.9	184.6	186.6	186.5	-0.1
Investigation and security services	1,045.8	1,049.5	1,049.7	1,044.1	1,046.4	1,049.6	1,049.4	1,048.6	-0.8
Services to buildings and dwellings	2,406.9	2,381.8	2,427.5	2,436.6	2,285.6	2,306.7	2,307.9	2,309.8	1.9
Other support services	334.1	339.4	339.1	334.9	331.2	335.6	334.5	335.5	1.0
Waste management and remediation services	527.9	526.0	531.1	531.9	521.7	525.9	526.3	526.7	0.4
Private education and health services	27,112	27,896	27,740	27,666	27,412	27,883	27,937	27,962	25
Private educational services	3,762.0	4,061.7	3,860.8	3,769.3	4,052.0	4,034.0	4,046.9	4,049.7	2.8
Health care and social assistance	23,349.8	23,834.4	23,878.7	23,896.8	23,360.1	23,848.6	23,889.6	23,912.2	22.6
Health care(3)	18,137.4	18,439.3	18,466.7	18,521.2	18,126.6	18,476.2	18,496.5	18,518.5	22.0
Ambulatory health care services	9,020.4	9,213.3	9,198.3	9,229.4	9,029.9	9,224.8	9,229.3	9,247.4	18.1
Offices of physicians	3,007.5	3,048.4	3,045.0	3,051.7	3,010.5	3,054.8	3,054.8	3,059.0	4.2
Offices of dentists	1,056.8	1,062.4	1,062.2	1,060.9	1,052.4	1,063.0	1,062.8	1,061.9	-0.9
Offices of other health practitioners	1,305.3	1,344.4	1,337.0	1,348.1	1,312.1	1,344.7	1,346.6	1,352.4	5.8
Outpatient care centers	1,179.0	1,191.1	1,188.2	1,191.2	1,179.6	1,193.9	1,191.5	1,193.5	2.0
Medical and diagnostic laboratories	309.0	310.7	310.3	311.7	310.1	311.3	311.7	312.1	0.4
Home health care services	1,796.9	1,876.8	1,874.3	1,881.9	1,799.2	1,878.0	1,881.5	1,886.1	4.6
Other ambulatory health care services	365.9	379.5	381.3	383.9	366.1	379.1	380.4	382.4	2.0
Hospitals	5,675.7	5,742.3	5,766.9	5,780.4	5,668.4	5,761.3	5,770.8	5,770.4	-0.4
Nursing and residential care facilities	3,441.3	3,483.7	3,501.5	3,511.4	3,428.3	3,490.1	3,496.4	3,500.7	4.3
Skilled nursing care facilities	1,559.8	1,578.5	1,591.3	1,598.6	1,552.5	1,584.7	1,589.7	1,592.9	3.2
Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities	694.3	707.4	710.0	709.4	691.6	707.0	708.1	707.9	-0.2
Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly	1,014.6	1,023.9	1,027.4	1,031.8	1,012.6	1,024.8	1,026.4	1,028.2	1.8
Other residential care facilities	172.6	173.9	172.8	171.6	171.5	173.6	172.2	171.6	-0.6
Social assistance	5,212.4	5,395.1	5,412.0	5,375.6	5,233.5	5,372.4	5,393.1	5,393.7	0.6
Individual and family services	3,627.7	3,767.5	3,787.6	3,795.3	3,619.2	3,764.8	3,779.0	3,786.8	7.8
Community food and housing, and emergency and other relief services	234.6	236.7	236.6	238.3	234.2	236.3	235.7	236.6	0.9
Vocational rehabilitation services	288.3	278.1	286.2	282.3	283.5	279.1	281.0	278.6	-2.4
Child care services	1,061.8	1,112.8	1,101.6	1,059.7	1,096.6	1,092.2	1,097.4	1,091.7	-5.7
Leisure and hospitality	17,599	17,279	17,667	17,676	16,848	17,014	16,971	16,931	-40
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	3,035.6	2,770.9	2,984.4	2,989.3	2,695.7	2,690.3	2,681.3	2,665.2	-16.1
Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries	634.7	624.4	621.6	600.1	607.5	603.9	589.7	583.4	-6.3
Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions	193.6	185.5	195.7	198.7	178.8	183.1	183.9	184.2	0.3
Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries	2,207.3	1,961.0	2,167.1	2,190.5	1,909.4	1,903.3	1,907.7	1,897.6	-10.1
Accommodation and food services	14,563.7	14,508.5	14,682.4	14,686.6	14,151.9	14,323.2	14,289.7	14,266.2	-23.5
Accommodation	2,082.1	1,941.4	2,026.7	2,065.8	1,927.9	1,938.2	1,916.8	1,919.4	2.6
Food services and drinking places	12,481.6	12,567.1	12,655.7	12,620.8	12,224.0	12,385.0	12,372.9	12,346.8	-26.1
Other services	6,067	6,053	6,101	6,113	5,989	6,031	6,029	6,038	9
Repair and maintenance	1,476.6	1,480.7	1,483.5	1,488.8	1,466.4	1,474.1	1,470.8	1,486.2	15.4
Personal and laundry services	1,608.5	1,620.7	1,630.7	1,632.2	1,596.1	1,611.2	1,618.2	1,612.3	-5.9
Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations	2,981.9	2,951.9	2,987.0	2,992.1	2,926.4	2,945.9	2,940.1	2,939.0	-1.1
Government	22,366	23,632	23,191	22,113	23,585	23,333	23,323	23,270	-53
Federal	2,940	2,680	2,684	2,687	2,935	2,685	2,686	2,683	-3
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service	2,340.8	2,079.6	2,084.5	2,086.0	2,339.2	2,082.6	2,082.9	2,079.7	-3.2
U.S. Postal Service	598.9	600.6	599.9	601.4	595.5	601.9	603.0	603.1	0.1
State government	5,161	5,465	5,208	5,121	5,504	5,467	5,464	5,471	7
State government education	2,265.4	2,596.2	2,329.3	2,240.8	2,626.7	2,596.7	2,601.1	2,609.8	8.7
State government, excluding education	2,895.6	2,868.9	2,878.3	2,880.0	2,877.3	2,870.6	2,862.4	2,861.2	-1.2
Local government	14,265	15,487	15,299	14,305	15,146	15,181	15,173	15,116	-57
Local government education	7,116.3	8,504.5	8,125.5	7,087.8	8,224.4	8,203.4	8,191.8	8,142.2	-49.6
Local government, excluding education	7,148.5	6,982.3	7,173.9	7,216.8	6,921.6	6,977.8	6,981.1	6,973.3	-7.8
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Includes motor vehicle manufacturing, motor vehicle body and trailer manufacturing, and motor vehicle parts manufacturing. (3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	34.2	34.3	34.3	34.3
Goods-producing	39.9	40.1	40.1	40.2
Mining and logging	45.1	45.6	45.7	46.1
Construction	39.0	39.3	39.3	39.5
Manufacturing	40.2	40.4	40.4	40.4
Durable goods	40.6	40.8	40.9	40.8
Nondurable goods	39.5	39.6	39.6	39.6
Private service-providing	33.2	33.2	33.2	33.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	34.1	34.2	34.1	34.1
Wholesale trade	39.1	39.1	39.4	39.4
Retail trade	29.9	30.1	30.0	30.0
Transportation and warehousing	38.4	38.4	38.0	38.1
Utilities	41.9	42.3	42.6	42.6
Information	37.1	37.4	37.3	37.1
Financial activities	37.6	37.4	37.4	37.4
Professional and business services	36.4	36.7	36.7	36.7
Private education and health services	32.7	32.6	32.7	32.8
Leisure and hospitality	25.5	25.6	25.5	25.4
Other services	32.0	32.1	32.1	32.2
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	2.9	3.1	3.2	3.1
Durable goods	2.9	3.1	3.2	3.1
Nondurable goods	3.0	3.1	3.2	3.1
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)
Total private	$36.47	$37.49	$37.60	$37.62	$1,247.27	$1,285.91	$1,289.68	$1,290.37
Goods-producing	37.25	38.58	38.66	38.79	1,486.28	1,547.06	1,550.27	1,559.36
Mining and logging	40.33	41.70	42.01	42.11	1,818.88	1,901.52	1,919.86	1,941.27
Construction	39.73	41.21	41.36	41.46	1,549.47	1,619.55	1,625.45	1,637.67
Manufacturing	35.51	36.71	36.74	36.87	1,427.50	1,483.08	1,484.30	1,489.55
Durable goods	37.73	38.93	38.94	39.12	1,531.84	1,588.34	1,592.65	1,596.10
Nondurable goods	31.77	32.95	32.99	33.03	1,254.92	1,304.82	1,306.40	1,307.99
Private service-providing	36.30	37.24	37.35	37.36	1,205.16	1,236.37	1,240.02	1,240.35
Trade, transportation, and utilities	31.00	31.86	31.97	32.00	1,057.10	1,089.61	1,090.18	1,091.20
Wholesale trade	38.85	39.79	39.79	39.88	1,519.04	1,555.79	1,567.73	1,571.27
Retail trade	25.52	26.20	26.29	26.23	763.05	788.62	788.70	786.90
Transportation and warehousing	31.52	32.44	32.55	32.63	1,210.37	1,245.70	1,236.90	1,243.20
Utilities	52.11	55.51	55.91	56.34	2,183.41	2,348.07	2,381.77	2,400.08
Information	52.63	55.10	55.44	55.70	1,952.57	2,060.74	2,067.91	2,066.47
Financial activities	47.57	49.23	49.52	49.44	1,788.63	1,841.20	1,852.05	1,849.06
Professional and business services	44.40	45.56	45.67	45.68	1,616.16	1,672.05	1,676.09	1,676.46
Private education and health services	35.58	36.23	36.23	36.18	1,163.47	1,181.10	1,184.72	1,186.70
Leisure and hospitality	22.81	23.59	23.64	23.63	581.66	603.90	602.82	600.20
Other services	33.08	33.92	34.03	34.05	1,058.56	1,088.83	1,092.36	1,096.41
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(1)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)	Percent change from: June 2026 - July 2026(p)	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)	Percent change from: June 2026 - July 2026(p)
Total private	115.9	116.7	116.7	116.7	0.0	202.0	209.2	209.8	210.0	0.1
Goods-producing	97.7	98.4	98.4	98.8	0.4	164.6	171.5	172.0	173.2	0.7
Mining and logging	86.4	87.6	87.5	87.9	0.5	140.0	146.6	147.5	148.7	0.8
Construction	111.1	112.7	112.7	113.6	0.8	191.7	201.7	202.6	204.6	1.0
Manufacturing	91.3	91.6	91.7	91.7	0.0	150.9	156.4	156.6	157.3	0.4
Durable goods	89.6	90.1	90.4	90.4	0.0	150.1	155.8	156.4	157.1	0.4
Nondurable goods	94.5	94.0	94.0	93.7	-0.3	152.3	157.2	157.3	157.1	-0.1
Private service-providing	121.3	121.8	121.9	121.9	0.0	213.9	220.5	221.2	221.3	0.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	107.1	107.3	107.0	107.0	0.0	179.0	184.4	184.4	184.6	0.1
Wholesale trade	104.4	104.4	105.3	105.4	0.1	169.6	173.8	175.2	175.8	0.3
Retail trade	93.9	94.7	94.4	94.3	-0.1	158.5	164.1	164.1	163.5	-0.4
Transportation and warehousing	146.9	145.6	143.8	144.4	0.4	235.6	240.2	238.1	239.7	0.7
Utilities	109.3	111.2	112.0	112.1	0.1	188.1	204.0	206.9	208.7	0.9
Information	97.0	95.0	94.3	94.2	-0.1	181.7	186.5	186.2	186.8	0.3
Financial activities	113.4	111.6	111.5	111.4	-0.1	210.4	214.2	215.4	214.8	-0.3
Professional and business services	127.5	128.9	129.1	129.2	0.1	229.3	237.9	238.9	239.1	0.1
Private education and health services	146.4	148.5	149.2	149.8	0.4	250.6	258.8	260.1	260.7	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	122.6	124.3	123.5	122.7	-0.6	225.6	236.5	235.5	233.9	-0.7
Other services	110.5	111.6	111.6	112.1	0.4	200.3	207.5	208.1	209.2	0.5
Footnotes (1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Women employees (in thousands)				Percent of all employees
	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)
Total nonfarm	79,196	79,497	79,549	79,517	50.0	50.0	50.1	50.1
Total private	65,412	65,847	65,907	65,918	48.5	48.6	48.6	48.6
Goods-producing	4,897	4,885	4,893	4,894	22.8	22.7	22.7	22.7
Mining and logging	84	82	84	85	13.8	13.4	13.8	14.0
Construction	1,189	1,193	1,195	1,197	14.4	14.3	14.4	14.3
Manufacturing	3,624	3,610	3,614	3,612	28.7	28.7	28.7	28.6
Durable goods	1,911	1,895	1,900	1,902	24.4	24.2	24.2	24.2
Nondurable goods	1,713	1,715	1,714	1,710	35.8	36.1	36.0	36.1
Private service-providing	60,515	60,962	61,014	61,024	53.3	53.5	53.5	53.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	11,145	11,150	11,160	11,188	38.8	38.8	38.9	39.0
Wholesale trade	1,843.1	1,836.9	1,837.8	1,845.5	30.5	30.3	30.3	30.4
Retail trade	7,393.8	7,440.2	7,446.6	7,462.4	47.9	48.1	48.2	48.3
Transportation and warehousing	1,751.7	1,717.3	1,720.1	1,725.0	26.3	26.0	26.1	26.2
Utilities	155.9	155.3	155.2	155.1	25.9	25.6	25.6	25.5
Information	1,146	1,128	1,133	1,136	40.1	40.5	40.9	40.9
Financial activities	5,050	4,952	4,948	4,942	54.9	54.4	54.3	54.4
Professional and business services	10,156	10,197	10,231	10,265	45.3	45.4	45.5	45.6
Private education and health services	20,986	21,346	21,375	21,390	76.6	76.6	76.5	76.5
Leisure and hospitality	8,799	8,934	8,916	8,853	52.2	52.5	52.5	52.3
Other services	3,233	3,255	3,251	3,250	54.0	54.0	53.9	53.8
Government	13,784	13,650	13,642	13,599	58.4	58.5	58.5	58.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [In thousands]

Industry	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)
Total private	109,965	110,760	110,637	110,576
Goods-producing	15,251	15,263	15,257	15,251
Mining and logging	453	459	457	457
Construction	6,004	6,042	6,048	6,045
Manufacturing	8,794	8,762	8,752	8,749
Durable goods	5,307	5,312	5,310	5,317
Nondurable goods	3,487	3,450	3,442	3,432
Private service-providing	94,714	95,497	95,380	95,325
Trade, transportation, and utilities	24,379	24,409	24,412	24,430
Wholesale trade	4,794.8	4,787.8	4,793.3	4,794.5
Retail trade	13,272.9	13,360.7	13,359.8	13,371.8
Transportation and warehousing	5,835.2	5,778.0	5,776.9	5,780.4
Utilities	475.9	482.4	482.2	483.0
Information	2,279	2,218	2,209	2,209
Financial activities	6,975	6,903	6,899	6,894
Professional and business services	17,565	17,687	17,719	17,729
Private education and health services	24,002	24,445	24,496	24,537
Leisure and hospitality	14,650	14,942	14,748	14,637
Other services	4,864	4,893	4,897	4,889
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	33.7	33.8	33.8	33.8
Goods-producing	40.8	41.1	41.2	41.2
Mining and logging	44.9	46.9	46.8	48.5
Construction	39.9	40.0	40.0	40.0
Manufacturing	41.1	41.6	41.7	41.7
Durable goods	41.3	42.1	42.2	42.3
Nondurable goods	40.8	40.9	41.0	40.9
Private service-providing	32.5	32.6	32.6	32.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities	34.2	34.4	34.3	34.2
Wholesale trade	39.2	39.4	39.5	39.5
Retail trade	30.4	30.7	30.6	30.6
Transportation and warehousing	38.2	38.1	37.7	37.5
Utilities	42.6	42.7	42.9	42.9
Information	35.8	35.8	35.7	35.8
Financial activities	37.4	37.3	37.4	37.4
Professional and business services	36.3	36.8	36.5	36.6
Private education and health services	31.7	31.8	31.8	31.9
Leisure and hospitality	24.1	24.1	24.2	24.2
Other services	31.1	31.2	31.1	31.2
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	3.7	4.0	4.1	4.1
Durable goods	3.7	4.0	4.1	4.1
Nondurable goods	3.8	3.9	4.0	4.0
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)
Total private	$31.39	$32.31	$32.36	$32.40	$1,057.84	$1,092.08	$1,093.77	$1,095.12
Goods-producing	32.56	33.86	33.99	34.07	1,328.45	1,391.65	1,400.39	1,403.68
Mining and logging	37.35	38.71	38.82	38.91	1,677.02	1,815.50	1,816.78	1,887.14
Construction	37.31	38.95	39.11	39.24	1,488.67	1,558.00	1,564.40	1,569.60
Manufacturing	29.14	30.20	30.32	30.35	1,197.65	1,256.32	1,264.34	1,265.60
Durable goods	30.86	32.13	32.27	32.31	1,274.52	1,352.67	1,361.79	1,366.71
Nondurable goods	26.49	27.15	27.21	27.21	1,080.79	1,110.44	1,115.61	1,112.89
Private service-providing	31.15	31.99	32.04	32.06	1,012.38	1,042.87	1,044.50	1,045.16
Trade, transportation, and utilities	26.91	27.65	27.69	27.78	920.32	951.16	949.77	950.08
Wholesale trade	32.40	33.21	33.21	33.25	1,270.08	1,308.47	1,311.80	1,313.38
Retail trade	21.64	22.23	22.25	22.31	657.86	682.46	680.85	682.69
Transportation and warehousing	30.10	31.04	31.11	31.29	1,149.82	1,182.62	1,172.85	1,173.38
Utilities	45.92	48.30	48.82	48.98	1,956.19	2,062.41	2,094.38	2,101.24
Information	43.27	45.56	45.77	45.60	1,549.07	1,631.05	1,633.99	1,632.48
Financial activities	37.48	38.83	38.91	38.97	1,401.75	1,448.36	1,455.23	1,457.48
Professional and business services	37.15	38.41	38.51	38.52	1,348.55	1,413.49	1,405.62	1,409.83
Private education and health services	32.86	33.23	33.16	33.11	1,041.66	1,056.71	1,054.49	1,056.21
Leisure and hospitality	20.19	21.04	21.05	21.06	486.58	507.06	509.41	509.65
Other services	28.85	29.51	29.63	29.56	897.24	920.71	921.49	922.27
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [2002=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(2)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)	Percent change from: June 2026 - July 2026(p)	July 2025	May 2026	June 2026(p)	July 2026(p)	Percent change from: June 2026 - July 2026(p)
Total private	123.5	124.8	124.6	124.5	-0.1	259.1	269.4	269.5	269.7	0.1
Goods-producing	95.1	95.9	96.1	96.0	-0.1	189.6	198.8	199.9	200.3	0.2
Mining and logging	108.1	114.4	113.7	117.8	3.6	234.8	257.5	256.6	266.5	3.9
Construction	119.9	121.0	121.1	121.1	0.0	241.7	254.5	255.8	256.5	0.3
Manufacturing	83.0	83.7	83.8	83.8	0.0	158.1	165.3	166.1	166.2	0.1
Durable goods	82.3	84.0	84.2	84.5	0.4	158.6	168.5	169.6	170.4	0.5
Nondurable goods	83.8	83.1	83.1	82.7	-0.5	156.9	159.5	159.9	159.0	-0.6
Private service-providing	131.2	132.6	132.5	132.4	-0.1	280.2	291.0	291.1	291.2	0.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	116.7	117.5	117.2	117.0	-0.2	224.5	232.3	232.0	232.2	0.1
Wholesale trade	111.5	112.0	112.4	112.4	0.0	213.3	219.4	220.2	220.6	0.2
Retail trade	102.3	104.0	103.7	103.7	0.0	189.8	198.2	197.8	198.5	0.4
Transportation and warehousing	168.7	166.6	164.8	164.1	-0.4	323.2	329.2	326.4	326.7	0.1
Utilities	103.7	105.3	105.8	105.9	0.1	198.7	212.3	215.5	216.6	0.5
Information	93.1	90.6	90.0	90.3	0.3	199.5	204.4	204.0	203.8	-0.1
Financial activities	122.8	121.2	121.4	121.4	0.0	283.1	289.5	290.7	290.9	0.1
Professional and business services	142.3	145.3	144.4	144.9	0.3	314.5	331.9	330.7	331.9	0.4
Private education and health services	162.2	165.7	166.1	166.9	0.5	351.8	363.5	363.5	364.7	0.3
Leisure and hospitality	129.3	131.9	130.7	129.7	-0.8	296.5	315.2	312.5	310.3	-0.7
Other services	106.1	107.1	106.8	107.0	0.2	223.0	230.2	230.6	230.4	-0.1
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.