Transmission of material in this release is embargoed                   USDL-14-1642
until 8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, September 5, 2014

Technical information:
 Household data:       (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:   (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                         THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- AUGUST 2014


Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 142,000 in August, and the 
unemployment rate was little changed at 6.1 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor 
Statistics reported today. Job gains occurred in professional and business 
services and in health care.

Household Survey Data

In August, both the unemployment rate (6.1 percent) and the number of unemployed 
persons (9.6 million) changed little. Over the year, the unemployment rate and 
the number of unemployed persons were down by 1.1 percentage points and 1.7 million, 
respectively. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates in August showed little or 
no change for adult men (5.7 percent), adult women (5.7 percent), teenagers (19.6 
percent), whites (5.3 percent), blacks (11.4 percent), and Hispanics (7.5 percent). 
The jobless rate for Asians was 4.5 percent (not seasonally adjusted), little 
changed from a year earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) declined 
by 192,000 to 3.0 million in August. These individuals accounted for 31.2 percent 
of the unemployed. Over the past 12 months, the number of long-term unemployed has 
declined by 1.3 million. (See table A-12.)

The civilian labor force participation rate, at 62.8 percent, changed little in 
August and has been essentially unchanged since April. In August, the employment-
population ratio was 59.0 percent for the third consecutive month but is up by 0.4 
percentage point from a year earlier. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred 
to as involuntary part-time workers) was little changed in August at 7.3 million. 
These individuals were working part time because their hours had been cut back or 
because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.)

In August, 2.1 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, down 
by 201,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These 
individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and 
had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as 
unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the 
survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 775,000 discouraged workers in August, 
little changed from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) 
Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they 
believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.4 million persons 
marginally attached to the labor force in August had not searched for work 
for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See 
table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 142,000 in August, compared with 
an average monthly gain of 212,000 over the prior 12 months. In August, job 
growth occurred in professional and business services and in health care. (See 
table B-1.)

Professional and business services added 47,000 jobs in August and has added 
639,000 over the past year. In August, management of companies and enterprises 
gained 8,000 jobs. Employment continued to trend up over the month in administrative 
and support services (+23,000), architectural and engineering services (+3,000), 
and in management and technical consulting services (+3,000). 

Employment in health care increased by 34,000 in August. Within the industry, 
offices of physicians and hospitals added 8,000 jobs and 7,000 jobs, respectively. 
Social assistance employment continued to trend up over the month (+9,000) and has 
expanded by 104,000 over the year. 

Within leisure and hospitality, employment in food services and drinking places 
continued to trend up in August (+22,000) and is up by 289,000 over the year.

Construction employment continued to trend up in August (+20,000). This is in line 
with its average monthly job gain of 18,000 over the prior 12 months. In August, 
employment trended up in specialty trade contractors (+12,000) and construction of 
buildings (+7,000).

Manufacturing employment was unchanged in August, following an increase of 28,000 
in July. Motor vehicles and parts lost 5,000 jobs in August, after adding 13,000 
jobs in July. Auto manufacturers laid off fewer workers than usual for factory 
retooling in July, and fewer workers than usual were recalled in August. Elsewhere 
in manufacturing, there were job gains in August in computer and peripheral 
equipment (+3,000) and in nonmetallic mineral products (+3,000), and job losses in 
electronic instruments (-2,000).
  
In August, retail trade employment was little changed (-8,000). Food and beverage 
stores lost 17,000 jobs; this industry was impacted by employment disruptions at a 
grocery store chain in New England. Elsewhere in retail trade, automobile dealers 
added 5,000 jobs. 

Employment in other major industries, including mining and logging, wholesale trade, 
transportation and warehousing, information, financial activities, and government, 
showed little change over the month.

In August, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was 
34.5 hours for the sixth consecutive month. The manufacturing workweek edged up by 
0.1 hour to 41.0 hours, and overtime was unchanged at 3.4 hours. The average 
workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls 
was 33.7 hours for the sixth consecutive month. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

Average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 6 
cents in August to $24.53. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 
2.1 percent. In August, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and 
nonsupervisory employees rose by 6 cents to $20.68. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for June was revised from +298,000 
to +267,000, and the change for July was revised from +209,000 to +212,000. With 
these revisions, employment gains in June and July combined were 28,000 less than 
previously reported.

_____________
The Employment Situation for September is scheduled to be released on Friday, 
October 3, 2014, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).



    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   |                                                                            |
   |            2014 CES Preliminary Benchmark Revision to be released          |
   |                          on September 18, 2014                             |
   |                                                                            |
   | Each year, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey estimates are    |
   | benchmarked to comprehensive counts of employment from the Quarterly       |
   | Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) for the month of March. These counts |
   | are derived from state unemployment insurance (UI) tax records that nearly |
   | all employers are required to file. On September 18, 2014, at 10:00 a.m.   |
   | (EDT), the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will release the preliminary   |
   | estimate of the upcoming annual benchmark revision to the establishment    |
   | survey employment series. This is the same day the First Quarter 2014 data |
   | from the QCEW will be issued. Preliminary benchmark revisions for all      |
   | major industry sectors, as well as total nonfarm and total private levels, |
   | will be available on the BLS website at                                    |
   | www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesprelbmk.htm.                                     |
   |                                                                            |
   | The final benchmark revision will be issued with the publication of the    |
   | January 2015 Employment Situation news release in February.                |
   |                                                                            |
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Change from: July 2014- Aug. 2014
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population	245,959	247,814	248,023	248,229	206
Civilian labor force	155,435	155,694	156,023	155,959	-64
Participation rate	63.2	62.8	62.9	62.8	-0.1
Employed	144,179	146,221	146,352	146,368	16
Employment-population ratio	58.6	59.0	59.0	59.0	0.0
Unemployed	11,256	9,474	9,671	9,591	-80
Unemployment rate	7.2	6.1	6.2	6.1	-0.1
Not in labor force	90,524	92,120	92,001	92,269	268
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over	7.2	6.1	6.2	6.1	-0.1
Adult men (20 years and over)	7.0	5.7	5.7	5.7	0.0
Adult women (20 years and over)	6.2	5.3	5.7	5.7	0.0
Teenagers (16 to 19 years)	22.6	21.0	20.2	19.6	-0.6
White	6.4	5.3	5.3	5.3	0.0
Black or African American	12.9	10.7	11.4	11.4	0.0
Asian (not seasonally adjusted)	5.1	5.1	4.5	4.5	-
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	9.3	7.8	7.8	7.5	-0.3
Total, 25 years and over	6.0	5.0	5.0	5.1	0.1
Less than a high school diploma	11.3	9.1	9.6	9.1	-0.5
High school graduates, no college	7.5	5.8	6.1	6.2	0.1
Some college or associate degree	6.1	5.0	5.3	5.4	0.1
Bachelor's degree and higher	3.5	3.3	3.1	3.2	0.1
Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	5,887	4,862	4,859	4,836	-23
Job leavers	890	854	862	860	-2
Reentrants	3,116	2,707	2,848	2,845	-3
New entrants	1,295	1,064	1,087	1,066	-21
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks	2,527	2,410	2,587	2,609	22
5 to 14 weeks	2,738	2,416	2,431	2,449	18
15 to 26 weeks	1,704	1,472	1,412	1,486	74
27 weeks and over	4,269	3,081	3,155	2,963	-192
Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons	7,898	7,544	7,511	7,277	-234
Slack work or business conditions	4,788	4,525	4,609	4,261	-348
Could only find part-time work	2,663	2,648	2,519	2,587	68
Part time for noneconomic reasons	19,305	19,880	19,662	19,526	-136
Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)
Marginally attached to the labor force	2,342	2,028	2,178	2,141	-
Discouraged workers	866	676	741	775	-
- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	202	267	212	142
Total private	180	260	213	134
Goods-producing	17	34	67	22
Mining and logging	3	5	8	2
Construction	6	8	31	20
Manufacturing	8	21	28	0
Durable goods(1)	14	18	30	2
Motor vehicles and parts	7.6	6.7	12.8	-4.6
Nondurable goods	-6	3	-2	-2
Private service-providing(1)	163	226	146	112
Wholesale trade	10.4	12.9	6.0	6.5
Retail trade	29.4	35.4	20.9	-8.4
Transportation and warehousing	10.2	13.4	19.1	1.2
Information	-28	11	5	-3
Financial activities	-4	19	10	7
Professional and business services(1)	42	70	36	47
Temporary help services	17.1	15.0	9.7	13.0
Education and health services(1)	64	48	33	37
Health care and social assistance	57.8	33.7	40.1	42.7
Leisure and hospitality	34	21	12	15
Other services	6	-5	2	8
Government	22	7	-1	8
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES(2) AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES
Total nonfarm women employees	49.5	49.4	49.4	49.4
Total private women employees	48.1	48.0	47.9	47.9
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees	82.6	82.7	82.6	82.6
HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	34.5	34.5	34.5	34.5
Average hourly earnings	$24.03	$24.45	$24.47	$24.53
Average weekly earnings	$829.04	$843.53	$844.22	$846.29
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)	99.0	100.8	101.0	101.1
Over-the-month percent change	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.1
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)	113.5	117.6	117.9	118.4
Over-the-month percent change	0.7	0.5	0.3	0.4
HOURS AND EARNINGS PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	33.7	33.7	33.7	33.7
Average hourly earnings	$20.17	$20.58	$20.62	$20.68
Average weekly earnings	$679.73	$693.55	$694.89	$696.92
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3)	106.5	108.5	108.7	108.8
Over-the-month percent change	0.8	0.2	0.2	0.1
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)(4)	143.5	149.2	149.7	150.3
Over-the-month percent change	0.8	0.4	0.3	0.4
DIFFUSION INDEX(5) (Over 1-month span)
Total private (264 industries)	63.1	64.0	65.9	59.1
Manufacturing (81 industries)	55.6	54.3	54.9	51.2
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. (4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. (5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. (p) Preliminary

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.

Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 144,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 554,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s principal
activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 90,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-40,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Aug. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Apr. 2014	May 2014	June 2014	July 2014	Aug. 2014
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population	245,959	248,023	248,229	245,959	247,439	247,622	247,814	248,023	248,229
Civilian labor force	155,971	157,573	156,434	155,435	155,421	155,613	155,694	156,023	155,959
Participation rate	63.4	63.5	63.0	63.2	62.8	62.8	62.8	62.9	62.8
Employed	144,509	147,265	146,647	144,179	145,669	145,814	146,221	146,352	146,368
Employment-population ratio	58.8	59.4	59.1	58.6	58.9	58.9	59.0	59.0	59.0
Unemployed	11,462	10,307	9,787	11,256	9,753	9,799	9,474	9,671	9,591
Unemployment rate	7.3	6.5	6.3	7.2	6.3	6.3	6.1	6.2	6.1
Not in labor force	89,988	90,451	91,794	90,524	92,018	92,009	92,120	92,001	92,269
Persons who currently want a job	6,291	6,624	6,382	6,241	6,146	6,438	6,115	6,259	6,304
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	118,700	119,788	119,893	118,700	119,488	119,582	119,680	119,788	119,893
Civilian labor force	83,110	84,284	83,567	82,499	82,586	82,590	82,860	83,043	82,968
Participation rate	70.0	70.4	69.7	69.5	69.1	69.1	69.2	69.3	69.2
Employed	76,962	79,064	78,576	76,182	77,292	77,310	77,653	77,866	77,843
Employment-population ratio	64.8	66.0	65.5	64.2	64.7	64.7	64.9	65.0	64.9
Unemployed	6,148	5,220	4,991	6,317	5,294	5,280	5,207	5,177	5,125
Unemployment rate	7.4	6.2	6.0	7.7	6.4	6.4	6.3	6.2	6.2
Not in labor force	35,590	35,503	36,326	36,201	36,902	36,992	36,821	36,744	36,924
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	110,172	111,342	111,451	110,172	111,027	111,126	111,230	111,342	111,451
Civilian labor force	79,902	80,684	80,486	79,610	79,851	79,830	80,068	80,208	80,196
Participation rate	72.5	72.5	72.2	72.3	71.9	71.8	72.0	72.0	72.0
Employed	74,522	76,245	76,120	74,015	75,134	75,127	75,510	75,654	75,664
Employment-population ratio	67.6	68.5	68.3	67.2	67.7	67.6	67.9	67.9	67.9
Unemployed	5,381	4,439	4,366	5,595	4,718	4,703	4,558	4,554	4,531
Unemployment rate	6.7	5.5	5.4	7.0	5.9	5.9	5.7	5.7	5.7
Not in labor force	30,269	30,658	30,965	30,562	31,176	31,296	31,162	31,133	31,256
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	127,260	128,236	128,336	127,260	127,951	128,040	128,133	128,236	128,336
Civilian labor force	72,861	73,288	72,867	72,937	72,835	73,023	72,835	72,979	72,991
Participation rate	57.3	57.2	56.8	57.3	56.9	57.0	56.8	56.9	56.9
Employed	67,547	68,201	68,071	67,997	68,376	68,504	68,568	68,486	68,525
Employment-population ratio	53.1	53.2	53.0	53.4	53.4	53.5	53.5	53.4	53.4
Unemployed	5,314	5,087	4,796	4,939	4,459	4,519	4,267	4,494	4,466
Unemployment rate	7.3	6.9	6.6	6.8	6.1	6.2	5.9	6.2	6.1
Not in labor force	54,398	54,947	55,469	54,323	55,116	55,017	55,299	55,256	55,345
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	119,018	120,052	120,156	119,018	119,760	119,852	119,948	120,052	120,156
Civilian labor force	69,821	69,853	69,898	70,115	70,037	70,153	69,987	70,177	70,222
Participation rate	58.7	58.2	58.2	58.9	58.5	58.5	58.3	58.5	58.4
Employed	65,129	65,468	65,631	65,743	66,057	66,137	66,254	66,197	66,247
Employment-population ratio	54.7	54.5	54.6	55.2	55.2	55.2	55.2	55.1	55.1
Unemployed	4,692	4,386	4,266	4,372	3,980	4,016	3,733	3,980	3,974
Unemployment rate	6.7	6.3	6.1	6.2	5.7	5.7	5.3	5.7	5.7
Not in labor force	49,197	50,199	50,258	48,903	49,724	49,699	49,961	49,875	49,934
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population	16,770	16,629	16,622	16,770	16,652	16,644	16,636	16,629	16,622
Civilian labor force	6,248	7,035	6,050	5,710	5,534	5,630	5,640	5,637	5,542
Participation rate	37.3	42.3	36.4	34.1	33.2	33.8	33.9	33.9	33.3
Employed	4,859	5,553	4,896	4,421	4,479	4,550	4,457	4,501	4,457
Employment-population ratio	29.0	33.4	29.5	26.4	26.9	27.3	26.8	27.1	26.8
Unemployed	1,389	1,483	1,155	1,289	1,055	1,080	1,183	1,136	1,085
Unemployment rate	22.2	21.1	19.1	22.6	19.1	19.2	21.0	20.2	19.6
Not in labor force	10,522	9,594	10,571	11,059	11,119	11,014	10,996	10,992	11,080
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Aug. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Apr. 2014	May 2014	June 2014	July 2014	Aug. 2014
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population	194,489	195,537	195,652	194,489	195,210	195,310	195,416	195,537	195,652
Civilian labor force	123,786	124,477	123,667	123,327	123,111	123,287	123,379	123,314	123,275
Participation rate	63.6	63.7	63.2	63.4	63.1	63.1	63.1	63.1	63.0
Employed	115,884	117,509	117,095	115,463	116,601	116,669	116,778	116,757	116,754
Employment-population ratio	59.6	60.1	59.8	59.4	59.7	59.7	59.8	59.7	59.7
Unemployed	7,903	6,968	6,573	7,864	6,510	6,618	6,600	6,557	6,521
Unemployment rate	6.4	5.6	5.3	6.4	5.3	5.4	5.3	5.3	5.3
Not in labor force	70,703	71,060	71,985	71,162	72,099	72,022	72,037	72,222	72,377
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	64,653	64,794	64,753	64,410	64,445	64,343	64,435	64,430	64,498
Participation rate	73.0	72.6	72.5	72.7	72.4	72.2	72.3	72.2	72.2
Employed	60,873	61,833	61,763	60,417	61,182	61,129	61,291	61,361	61,355
Employment-population ratio	68.7	69.3	69.2	68.2	68.7	68.6	68.8	68.8	68.7
Unemployed	3,781	2,961	2,990	3,993	3,264	3,214	3,144	3,069	3,142
Unemployment rate	5.8	4.6	4.6	6.2	5.1	5.0	4.9	4.8	4.9
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	54,261	54,077	54,112	54,456	54,277	54,520	54,454	54,356	54,356
Participation rate	58.1	57.6	57.6	58.3	57.9	58.1	58.0	57.9	57.8
Employed	51,083	51,129	51,345	51,489	51,730	51,864	51,847	51,695	51,761
Employment-population ratio	54.7	54.4	54.6	55.1	55.2	55.3	55.2	55.0	55.1
Unemployed	3,178	2,948	2,767	2,968	2,547	2,656	2,606	2,661	2,595
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.5	5.1	5.4	4.7	4.9	4.8	4.9	4.8
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	4,873	5,606	4,802	4,461	4,389	4,425	4,490	4,529	4,420
Participation rate	39.0	45.3	38.8	35.7	35.4	35.7	36.3	36.6	35.7
Employed	3,929	4,547	3,987	3,558	3,690	3,676	3,640	3,701	3,637
Employment-population ratio	31.5	36.7	32.2	28.5	29.8	29.7	29.4	29.9	29.4
Unemployed	944	1,059	815	903	699	749	850	827	783
Unemployment rate	19.4	18.9	17.0	20.3	15.9	16.9	18.9	18.3	17.7
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	30,426	30,856	30,893	30,426	30,755	30,787	30,821	30,856	30,893
Civilian labor force	18,578	19,249	18,931	18,468	18,720	18,715	18,791	19,025	18,849
Participation rate	61.1	62.4	61.3	60.7	60.9	60.8	61.0	61.7	61.0
Employed	16,071	16,895	16,653	16,084	16,556	16,564	16,784	16,853	16,693
Employment-population ratio	52.8	54.8	53.9	52.9	53.8	53.8	54.5	54.6	54.0
Unemployed	2,507	2,355	2,278	2,385	2,164	2,151	2,007	2,172	2,157
Unemployment rate	13.5	12.2	12.0	12.9	11.6	11.5	10.7	11.4	11.4
Not in labor force	11,847	11,607	11,963	11,957	12,035	12,072	12,029	11,832	12,044
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	8,337	8,753	8,623	8,306	8,435	8,496	8,592	8,671	8,605
Participation rate	66.7	68.6	67.5	66.4	66.4	66.8	67.5	68.0	67.3
Employed	7,224	7,749	7,700	7,197	7,522	7,519	7,660	7,704	7,676
Employment-population ratio	57.8	60.7	60.3	57.6	59.2	59.1	60.1	60.4	60.1
Unemployed	1,113	1,003	923	1,109	913	977	932	967	929
Unemployment rate	13.3	11.5	10.7	13.4	10.8	11.5	10.9	11.1	10.8
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	9,444	9,696	9,588	9,437	9,583	9,521	9,566	9,720	9,595
Participation rate	61.4	62.2	61.4	61.4	61.7	61.2	61.4	62.3	61.5
Employed	8,355	8,639	8,470	8,436	8,590	8,564	8,702	8,736	8,581
Employment-population ratio	54.4	55.4	54.3	54.9	55.3	55.1	55.9	56.0	55.0
Unemployed	1,088	1,056	1,118	1,001	993	957	864	984	1,015
Unemployment rate	11.5	10.9	11.7	10.6	10.4	10.0	9.0	10.1	10.6
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	797	801	720	726	701	698	632	634	649
Participation rate	31.2	32.0	28.8	28.4	27.9	27.8	25.2	25.3	25.9
Employed	491	506	483	451	443	481	421	413	436
Employment-population ratio	19.2	20.2	19.3	17.6	17.6	19.1	16.8	16.5	17.4
Unemployed	306	295	237	275	258	217	211	221	213
Unemployment rate	38.4	36.8	32.9	37.9	36.8	31.1	33.4	34.9	32.8
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	13,241	13,765	13,704	-	-	-	-	-	-
Civilian labor force	8,574	8,717	8,751	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	64.8	63.3	63.9	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	8,133	8,329	8,354	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	61.4	60.5	61.0	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	441	389	398	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	5.1	4.5	4.5	-	-	-	-	-	-
Not in labor force	4,667	5,047	4,952	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
- Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Aug. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Apr. 2014	May 2014	June 2014	July 2014	Aug. 2014
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population	37,630	38,430	38,512	37,630	38,203	38,277	38,352	38,430	38,512
Civilian labor force	24,964	25,536	25,465	24,918	25,055	25,108	25,409	25,320	25,432
Participation rate	66.3	66.4	66.1	66.2	65.6	65.6	66.3	65.9	66.0
Employed	22,656	23,529	23,567	22,603	23,232	23,162	23,433	23,345	23,523
Employment-population ratio	60.2	61.2	61.2	60.1	60.8	60.5	61.1	60.7	61.1
Unemployed	2,308	2,007	1,898	2,315	1,824	1,946	1,976	1,975	1,909
Unemployment rate	9.2	7.9	7.5	9.3	7.3	7.7	7.8	7.8	7.5
Not in labor force	12,666	12,895	13,047	12,712	13,148	13,169	12,943	13,110	13,080
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	13,895	14,086	14,137	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	81.8	81.0	81.1	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	12,799	13,240	13,309	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	75.4	76.1	76.4	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	1,096	847	828	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	7.9	6.0	5.9	-	-	-	-	-	-
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	9,786	10,123	10,178	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	57.6	58.2	58.4	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	8,938	9,348	9,356	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	52.6	53.8	53.7	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	847	775	822	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	8.7	7.7	8.1	-	-	-	-	-	-
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	1,284	1,326	1,149	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	35.1	36.2	31.3	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	919	941	901	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	25.2	25.7	24.6	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	364	385	248	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	28.4	29.0	21.6	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
- Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Aug. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Apr. 2014	May 2014	June 2014	July 2014	Aug. 2014
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force	10,901	10,168	10,627	10,945	10,891	10,861	10,451	10,221	10,659
Participation rate	45.2	44.2	44.8	45.4	44.6	44.2	43.3	44.4	45.0
Employed	9,753	9,210	9,712	9,712	9,925	9,869	9,497	9,243	9,689
Employment-population ratio	40.5	40.0	41.0	40.3	40.7	40.2	39.4	40.2	40.9
Unemployed	1,148	958	914	1,232	965	993	954	978	970
Unemployment rate	10.5	9.4	8.6	11.3	8.9	9.1	9.1	9.6	9.1
High school graduates, no college(1)
Civilian labor force	36,336	36,239	36,291	36,607	36,089	36,096	36,112	36,146	36,338
Participation rate	58.6	57.9	58.1	59.0	58.0	57.9	57.8	57.7	58.1
Employed	33,680	34,050	34,100	33,857	33,830	33,750	34,001	33,931	34,094
Employment-population ratio	54.3	54.4	54.6	54.6	54.3	54.1	54.5	54.2	54.5
Unemployed	2,656	2,189	2,191	2,750	2,258	2,346	2,112	2,216	2,244
Unemployment rate	7.3	6.0	6.0	7.5	6.3	6.5	5.8	6.1	6.2
Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force	37,701	37,837	37,865	37,409	37,364	37,178	37,476	37,727	37,567
Participation rate	67.5	67.2	67.4	67.0	67.3	67.2	67.6	67.0	66.9
Employed	35,343	35,767	35,802	35,114	35,218	35,131	35,598	35,716	35,543
Employment-population ratio	63.3	63.6	63.7	62.9	63.4	63.5	64.2	63.5	63.3
Unemployed	2,358	2,070	2,063	2,295	2,146	2,047	1,878	2,011	2,024
Unemployment rate	6.3	5.5	5.4	6.1	5.7	5.5	5.0	5.3	5.4
Bachelor's degree and higher(2)
Civilian labor force	48,944	49,891	49,836	49,091	49,934	50,208	50,383	50,355	50,093
Participation rate	75.1	74.0	74.2	75.4	75.1	75.4	75.2	74.7	74.6
Employed	47,097	48,154	48,062	47,394	48,279	48,611	48,728	48,771	48,474
Employment-population ratio	72.3	71.5	71.6	72.8	72.6	73.0	72.7	72.4	72.2
Unemployed	1,847	1,738	1,774	1,696	1,655	1,596	1,654	1,584	1,618
Unemployment rate	3.8	3.5	3.6	3.5	3.3	3.2	3.3	3.1	3.2
Footnotes (1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Total		Men		Women
	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	21,359	21,124	19,131	18,870	2,228	2,254
Civilian labor force	10,809	10,667	9,444	9,300	1,365	1,368
Participation rate	50.6	50.5	49.4	49.3	61.3	60.7
Employed	10,139	10,070	8,878	8,784	1,260	1,286
Employment-population ratio	47.5	47.7	46.4	46.5	56.6	57.1
Unemployed	671	598	566	516	105	82
Unemployment rate	6.2	5.6	6.0	5.5	7.7	6.0
Not in labor force	10,550	10,457	9,687	9,570	863	886
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	2,883	3,154	2,280	2,464	603	690
Civilian labor force	2,263	2,484	1,848	2,009	415	475
Participation rate	78.5	78.8	81.0	81.5	68.8	68.8
Employed	2,036	2,282	1,664	1,843	372	439
Employment-population ratio	70.6	72.4	73.0	74.8	61.7	63.6
Unemployed	226	201	183	165	43	36
Unemployment rate	10.0	8.1	9.9	8.2	10.3	7.6
Not in labor force	621	670	432	455	188	215
Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,099	3,353	2,555	2,737	545	616
Civilian labor force	2,531	2,789	2,129	2,352	403	437
Participation rate	81.7	83.2	83.3	85.9	73.9	70.9
Employed	2,392	2,663	2,018	2,247	374	417
Employment-population ratio	77.2	79.4	79.0	82.1	68.7	67.6
Unemployed	140	125	111	105	28	20
Unemployment rate	5.5	4.5	5.2	4.5	7.1	4.6
Not in labor force	568	565	426	385	142	180
World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	9,758	9,321	9,386	8,971	372	350
Civilian labor force	2,852	2,651	2,753	2,555	99	96
Participation rate	29.2	28.4	29.3	28.5	26.6	27.4
Employed	2,705	2,507	2,614	2,411	91	96
Employment-population ratio	27.7	26.9	27.9	26.9	24.5	27.4
Unemployed	147	144	139	144	8	0
Unemployment rate	5.1	5.4	5.0	5.6	7.8	0.0
Not in labor force	6,906	6,670	6,633	6,416	273	254
Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population	5,618	5,296	4,910	4,698	708	598
Civilian labor force	3,163	2,744	2,714	2,384	449	361
Participation rate	56.3	51.8	55.3	50.7	63.4	60.3
Employed	3,005	2,617	2,582	2,282	423	335
Employment-population ratio	53.5	49.4	52.6	48.6	59.8	56.0
Unemployed	158	127	132	101	26	26
Unemployment rate	5.0	4.6	4.9	4.3	5.8	7.1
Not in labor force	2,455	2,552	2,196	2,314	259	237
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	215,784	218,405	95,108	96,629	120,677	121,775
Civilian labor force	143,021	143,636	72,631	73,225	70,390	70,411
Participation rate	66.3	65.8	76.4	75.8	58.3	57.8
Employed	132,749	134,922	67,300	68,994	65,449	65,928
Employment-population ratio	61.5	61.8	70.8	71.4	54.2	54.1
Unemployed	10,272	8,713	5,331	4,231	4,941	4,482
Unemployment rate	7.2	6.1	7.3	5.8	7.0	6.4
Not in labor force	72,764	74,769	22,477	23,404	50,287	51,365
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2014, estimates for veterans incorporate updated weighting procedures.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Persons with a disability		Persons with no disability
	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	28,726	29,443	217,233	218,786
Civilian labor force	5,884	5,819	150,087	150,615
Participation rate	20.5	19.8	69.1	68.8
Employed	5,053	5,075	139,456	141,572
Employment-population ratio	17.6	17.2	64.2	64.7
Unemployed	831	744	10,631	9,043
Unemployment rate	14.1	12.8	7.1	6.0
Not in labor force	22,842	23,624	67,146	68,171
Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,584	2,660	75,997	76,348
Participation rate	33.8	33.8	82.8	83.0
Employed	2,170	2,270	70,492	71,955
Employment-population ratio	28.4	28.8	76.8	78.2
Unemployed	413	390	5,505	4,392
Unemployment rate	16.0	14.7	7.2	5.8
Not in labor force	5,067	5,220	15,782	15,615
Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,326	2,199	66,906	66,986
Participation rate	29.1	27.7	70.5	70.3
Employed	1,957	1,895	62,127	62,751
Employment-population ratio	24.5	23.8	65.4	65.8
Unemployed	368	304	4,779	4,235
Unemployment rate	15.8	13.8	7.1	6.3
Not in labor force	5,665	5,748	28,025	28,337
Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force	975	960	7,183	7,281
Participation rate	7.4	7.1	23.5	23.1
Employed	926	910	6,837	6,865
Employment-population ratio	7.1	6.7	22.4	21.8
Unemployed	49	50	347	416
Unemployment rate	5.0	5.2	4.8	5.7
Not in labor force	12,110	12,656	23,339	24,219
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity	Total		Men		Women
	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	38,197	39,289	18,441	19,302	19,757	19,986
Civilian labor force	25,540	26,046	14,543	15,216	10,997	10,830
Participation rate	66.9	66.3	78.9	78.8	55.7	54.2
Employed	23,833	24,639	13,630	14,538	10,203	10,101
Employment-population ratio	62.4	62.7	73.9	75.3	51.6	50.5
Unemployed	1,707	1,407	913	678	794	728
Unemployment rate	6.7	5.4	6.3	4.5	7.2	6.7
Not in labor force	12,658	13,243	3,898	4,086	8,760	9,157
Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	207,762	208,940	100,259	100,590	107,503	108,349
Civilian labor force	130,431	130,388	68,567	68,351	61,865	62,038
Participation rate	62.8	62.4	68.4	67.9	57.5	57.3
Employed	120,676	122,008	63,332	64,038	57,344	57,970
Employment-population ratio	58.1	58.4	63.2	63.7	53.3	53.5
Unemployed	9,755	8,381	5,235	4,313	4,520	4,068
Unemployment rate	7.5	6.4	7.6	6.3	7.3	6.6
Not in labor force	77,331	78,552	31,692	32,240	45,639	46,312
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Aug. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Apr. 2014	May 2014	June 2014	July 2014	Aug. 2014
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries	2,398	2,403	2,472	2,205	2,161	2,045	2,138	2,133	2,224
Wage and salary workers(1)	1,509	1,620	1,699	1,370	1,382	1,273	1,379	1,413	1,522
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	855	755	756	819	767	738	734	709	727
Unpaid family workers	34	28	18	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nonagricultural industries	142,111	144,862	144,175	141,918	143,531	143,843	144,159	144,274	144,106
Wage and salary workers(1)	133,254	136,203	135,541	133,247	134,860	135,355	135,687	135,823	135,659
Government	19,729	19,525	19,410	20,373	20,320	20,051	20,357	20,453	20,120
Private industries	113,526	116,679	116,131	112,926	114,532	115,257	115,294	115,297	115,576
Private households	680	889	789	-	-	-	-	-	-
Other industries	112,846	115,790	115,342	112,252	113,643	114,460	114,487	114,456	114,791
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	8,782	8,582	8,576	8,646	8,559	8,375	8,370	8,424	8,454
Unpaid family workers	74	76	58	-	-	-	-	-	-
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)
All industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	7,690	7,665	7,083	7,898	7,465	7,269	7,544	7,511	7,277
Slack work or business conditions	4,632	4,670	4,055	4,788	4,555	4,453	4,525	4,609	4,261
Could only find part-time work	2,616	2,608	2,548	2,663	2,669	2,537	2,648	2,519	2,587
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	17,701	18,134	17,872	19,305	18,886	19,040	19,880	19,662	19,526
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	7,567	7,568	7,021	7,765	7,333	7,199	7,436	7,400	7,203
Slack work or business conditions	4,566	4,607	4,020	4,734	4,487	4,407	4,474	4,548	4,232
Could only find part-time work	2,598	2,585	2,538	2,676	2,623	2,530	2,637	2,507	2,585
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	17,376	17,809	17,523	18,817	18,603	18,727	19,533	19,250	19,098
Footnotes (1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. (2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. (3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. (4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Aug. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Apr. 2014	May 2014	June 2014	July 2014	Aug. 2014
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	144,509	147,265	146,647	144,179	145,669	145,814	146,221	146,352	146,368
16 to 19 years	4,859	5,553	4,896	4,421	4,479	4,550	4,457	4,501	4,457
16 to 17 years	1,622	1,924	1,655	1,430	1,472	1,494	1,451	1,494	1,475
18 to 19 years	3,238	3,629	3,241	3,007	3,016	3,052	3,010	3,030	2,998
20 years and over	139,650	141,713	141,751	139,758	141,190	141,264	141,763	141,851	141,912
20 to 24 years	13,777	14,532	14,076	13,568	13,879	13,952	13,933	13,976	13,893
25 years and over	125,873	127,180	127,675	126,192	127,211	127,277	127,810	127,827	128,022
25 to 54 years	94,379	95,098	95,548	94,431	95,151	95,041	95,507	95,365	95,617
25 to 34 years	31,171	31,826	31,951	31,173	31,713	31,699	31,923	31,885	31,986
35 to 44 years	30,737	30,689	30,908	30,778	30,905	30,840	30,940	30,843	30,945
45 to 54 years	32,471	32,583	32,689	32,480	32,533	32,503	32,643	32,637	32,685
55 years and over	31,494	32,082	32,128	31,761	32,060	32,236	32,303	32,462	32,405
Men, 16 years and over	76,962	79,064	78,576	76,182	77,292	77,310	77,653	77,866	77,843
16 to 19 years	2,441	2,819	2,456	2,167	2,159	2,183	2,143	2,212	2,179
16 to 17 years	784	959	798	684	644	689	648	700	702
18 to 19 years	1,657	1,861	1,658	1,505	1,516	1,492	1,500	1,514	1,496
20 years and over	74,522	76,245	76,120	74,015	75,134	75,127	75,510	75,654	75,664
20 to 24 years	7,154	7,651	7,422	6,969	7,206	7,194	7,227	7,250	7,237
25 years and over	67,368	68,594	68,698	67,123	67,875	67,915	68,263	68,357	68,464
25 to 54 years	50,670	51,507	51,506	50,405	50,909	50,837	51,146	51,178	51,255
25 to 34 years	16,936	17,423	17,422	16,807	17,185	17,110	17,322	17,306	17,322
35 to 44 years	16,634	16,793	16,795	16,573	16,657	16,676	16,762	16,713	16,731
45 to 54 years	17,100	17,291	17,288	17,025	17,066	17,052	17,062	17,159	17,203
55 years and over	16,698	17,087	17,192	16,718	16,966	17,079	17,117	17,179	17,208
Women, 16 years and over	67,547	68,201	68,071	67,997	68,376	68,504	68,568	68,486	68,525
16 to 19 years	2,418	2,733	2,440	2,254	2,320	2,367	2,314	2,289	2,278
16 to 17 years	838	965	857	746	828	805	803	795	773
18 to 19 years	1,581	1,768	1,583	1,502	1,500	1,560	1,510	1,517	1,502
20 years and over	65,129	65,468	65,631	65,743	66,057	66,137	66,254	66,197	66,247
20 to 24 years	6,624	6,881	6,654	6,599	6,672	6,758	6,706	6,726	6,656
25 years and over	58,505	58,587	58,978	59,069	59,336	59,362	59,547	59,469	59,558
25 to 54 years	43,709	43,591	44,042	44,026	44,242	44,205	44,361	44,186	44,361
25 to 34 years	14,235	14,403	14,529	14,365	14,528	14,589	14,601	14,578	14,664
35 to 44 years	14,103	13,895	14,113	14,205	14,247	14,164	14,178	14,130	14,214
45 to 54 years	15,371	15,292	15,401	15,456	15,466	15,451	15,582	15,478	15,483
55 years and over	14,796	14,996	14,936	15,043	15,094	15,157	15,186	15,283	15,197
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present	44,112	44,248	44,374	43,973	44,525	44,608	44,508	44,331	44,273
Married women, spouse present	34,198	33,946	34,282	34,701	34,813	34,716	34,728	34,598	34,720
Women who maintain families	9,224	9,477	9,337	-	-	-	-	-	-
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(1)	117,868	119,900	120,110	116,301	118,415	118,727	118,204	118,489	118,616
Part-time workers(2)	26,641	27,365	26,537	27,888	27,297	27,219	28,018	28,070	27,743
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders	6,776	6,787	6,819	7,048	7,093	7,113	7,031	6,939	7,070
Percent of total employed	4.7	4.6	4.7	4.9	4.9	4.9	4.8	4.7	4.8
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated	5,318	5,324	5,294	-	-	-	-	-	-
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	9,638	9,337	9,332	9,466	9,326	9,113	9,104	9,133	9,181
Footnotes (1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. (2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)			Unemployment rates
	Aug. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Apr. 2014	May 2014	June 2014	July 2014	Aug. 2014
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	11,256	9,671	9,591	7.2	6.3	6.3	6.1	6.2	6.1
16 to 19 years	1,289	1,136	1,085	22.6	19.1	19.2	21.0	20.2	19.6
16 to 17 years	501	448	458	26.0	22.1	23.0	23.3	23.1	23.7
18 to 19 years	824	703	649	21.5	17.4	17.1	19.3	18.8	17.8
20 years and over	9,967	8,535	8,506	6.7	5.8	5.8	5.5	5.7	5.7
20 to 24 years	1,989	1,772	1,646	12.8	10.6	11.1	10.5	11.3	10.6
25 years and over	8,028	6,780	6,906	6.0	5.2	5.2	5.0	5.0	5.1
25 to 54 years	6,337	5,231	5,382	6.3	5.4	5.5	5.1	5.2	5.3
25 to 34 years	2,620	2,239	2,359	7.8	6.6	6.7	6.5	6.6	6.9
35 to 44 years	1,840	1,559	1,552	5.6	4.9	5.1	4.7	4.8	4.8
45 to 54 years	1,877	1,433	1,471	5.5	4.7	4.6	4.2	4.2	4.3
55 years and over	1,698	1,540	1,549	5.1	4.7	4.6	4.4	4.5	4.6
Men, 16 years and over	6,317	5,177	5,125	7.7	6.4	6.4	6.3	6.2	6.2
16 to 19 years	722	623	594	25.0	21.1	20.9	23.2	22.0	21.4
16 to 17 years	247	242	240	26.5	26.8	25.0	26.6	25.7	25.5
18 to 19 years	503	389	371	25.1	18.0	18.6	21.1	20.5	19.9
20 years and over	5,595	4,554	4,531	7.0	5.9	5.9	5.7	5.7	5.7
20 to 24 years	1,152	1,039	938	14.2	12.0	11.9	11.7	12.5	11.5
25 years and over	4,485	3,502	3,636	6.3	5.2	5.3	5.0	4.9	5.0
25 to 54 years	3,533	2,724	2,843	6.5	5.3	5.5	5.1	5.1	5.3
25 to 34 years	1,535	1,204	1,220	8.4	6.6	6.9	6.6	6.5	6.6
35 to 44 years	985	839	856	5.6	4.8	5.1	4.5	4.8	4.9
45 to 54 years	1,012	681	767	5.6	4.6	4.4	4.1	3.8	4.3
55 years and over	953	778	794	5.4	4.7	4.6	4.9	4.3	4.4
Women, 16 years and over	4,939	4,494	4,466	6.8	6.1	6.2	5.9	6.2	6.1
16 to 19 years	567	513	492	20.1	17.1	17.5	18.7	18.3	17.8
16 to 17 years	255	206	218	25.5	18.0	21.2	20.5	20.6	22.0
18 to 19 years	320	313	278	17.6	16.7	15.7	17.5	17.1	15.6
20 years and over	4,372	3,980	3,974	6.2	5.7	5.7	5.3	5.7	5.7
20 to 24 years	837	734	709	11.3	9.0	10.2	9.1	9.8	9.6
25 years and over	3,543	3,278	3,269	5.7	5.2	5.2	4.9	5.2	5.2
25 to 54 years	2,804	2,507	2,540	6.0	5.5	5.4	5.2	5.4	5.4
25 to 34 years	1,084	1,035	1,139	7.0	6.7	6.4	6.5	6.6	7.2
35 to 44 years	855	720	696	5.7	5.1	5.1	4.9	4.8	4.7
45 to 54 years	865	752	705	5.3	4.7	4.7	4.3	4.6	4.4
55 years and over	755	741	756	4.8	4.6	4.6	4.1	4.6	4.7
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present	1,973	1,548	1,502	4.3	3.5	3.3	3.4	3.4	3.3
Married women, spouse present	1,515	1,432	1,350	4.2	3.9	4.0	3.8	4.0	3.7
Women who maintain families(1)	1,137	949	960	11.0	8.5	8.4	8.1	9.1	9.3
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(2)	9,559	8,113	7,932	7.6	6.5	6.4	6.2	6.4	6.3
Part-time workers(3)	1,673	1,651	1,639	5.7	5.2	5.5	5.5	5.6	5.6
Footnotes (1) Not seasonally adjusted. (2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. (3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Aug. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Apr. 2014	May 2014	June 2014	July 2014	Aug. 2014
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	5,856	4,867	4,750	5,887	5,236	5,018	4,862	4,859	4,836
On temporary layoff	986	1,131	1,070	1,059	1,021	1,003	1,029	996	1,085
Not on temporary layoff	4,870	3,737	3,681	4,828	4,215	4,015	3,833	3,863	3,752
Permanent job losers	3,707	2,622	2,605	3,638	3,077	2,946	2,806	2,718	2,653
Persons who completed temporary jobs	1,163	1,115	1,076	1,190	1,138	1,069	1,027	1,145	1,098
Job leavers	950	887	922	890	784	875	854	862	860
Reentrants	3,217	3,074	2,943	3,116	2,620	2,857	2,707	2,848	2,845
New entrants	1,439	1,479	1,171	1,295	1,043	1,062	1,064	1,087	1,066
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	51.1	47.2	48.5	52.6	54.1	51.1	51.2	50.3	50.3
On temporary layoff	8.6	11.0	10.9	9.5	10.5	10.2	10.8	10.3	11.3
Not on temporary layoff	42.5	36.3	37.6	43.2	43.5	40.9	40.4	40.0	39.1
Job leavers	8.3	8.6	9.4	8.0	8.1	8.9	9.0	8.9	9.0
Reentrants	28.1	29.8	30.1	27.9	27.1	29.1	28.5	29.5	29.6
New entrants	12.6	14.3	12.0	11.6	10.8	10.8	11.2	11.3	11.1
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	3.8	3.1	3.0	3.8	3.4	3.2	3.1	3.1	3.1
Job leavers	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.6
Reentrants	2.1	2.0	1.9	2.0	1.7	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.8
New entrants	0.9	0.9	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Aug. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Apr. 2014	May 2014	June 2014	July 2014	Aug. 2014
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks	2,523	2,933	2,664	2,527	2,447	2,559	2,410	2,587	2,609
5 to 14 weeks	3,116	2,923	2,802	2,738	2,359	2,390	2,416	2,431	2,449
15 weeks and over	5,822	4,452	4,321	5,973	4,985	4,814	4,553	4,566	4,450
15 to 26 weeks	1,525	1,244	1,354	1,704	1,533	1,441	1,472	1,412	1,486
27 weeks and over	4,297	3,207	2,967	4,269	3,452	3,374	3,081	3,155	2,963
Average (mean) duration, in weeks	36.6	30.8	31.2	37.0	35.1	34.5	33.5	32.4	31.7
Median duration, in weeks	15.2	11.3	12.0	16.5	16.0	14.6	13.1	13.3	13.2
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks	22.0	28.5	27.2	22.5	25.0	26.2	25.7	27.0	27.4
5 to 14 weeks	27.2	28.4	28.6	24.4	24.1	24.5	25.8	25.4	25.8
15 weeks and over	50.8	43.2	44.1	53.2	50.9	49.3	48.5	47.6	46.8
15 to 26 weeks	13.3	12.1	13.8	15.2	15.7	14.8	15.7	14.7	15.6
27 weeks and over	37.5	31.1	30.3	38.0	35.3	34.6	32.8	32.9	31.2
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation	Employed		Unemployed		Unemployment rates
	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014
Total, 16 years and over(1)	144,509	146,647	11,462	9,787	7.3	6.3
Management, professional, and related occupations	54,515	55,646	2,130	1,930	3.8	3.4
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	22,807	23,854	794	643	3.4	2.6
Professional and related occupations	31,708	31,792	1,336	1,287	4.0	3.9
Service occupations	26,305	26,183	2,407	2,139	8.4	7.6
Sales and office occupations	33,039	33,045	2,532	2,037	7.1	5.8
Sales and related occupations	15,741	15,102	1,214	900	7.2	5.6
Office and administrative support occupations	17,298	17,943	1,318	1,138	7.1	6.0
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	13,468	14,046	1,289	1,116	8.7	7.4
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	1,125	1,183	126	111	10.0	8.6
Construction and extraction occupations	7,449	7,888	873	752	10.5	8.7
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	4,894	4,975	291	253	5.6	4.8
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	17,182	17,727	1,593	1,372	8.5	7.2
Production occupations	8,389	8,586	771	623	8.4	6.8
Transportation and material moving occupations	8,793	9,141	822	749	8.5	7.6
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)		Unemployment rates
	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014
Total, 16 years and over(1)	11,462	9,787	7.3	6.3
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers	8,391	7,200	6.9	5.8
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	59	74	5.3	6.3
Construction	758	678	9.1	7.7
Manufacturing	968	787	6.2	5.0
Durable goods	542	506	5.5	5.1
Nondurable goods	427	281	7.4	4.8
Wholesale and retail trade	1,454	1,160	7.2	5.8
Transportation and utilities	417	412	6.8	6.3
Information	192	131	6.6	4.5
Financial activities	347	322	3.8	3.5
Professional and business services	1,224	1,039	8.0	6.5
Education and health services	1,211	1,068	5.4	4.8
Leisure and hospitality	1,326	1,149	9.3	8.1
Other services	434	382	6.5	5.8
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers	147	145	9.4	8.1
Government workers	961	798	4.6	3.9
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers	524	473	5.1	4.8
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Aug. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Apr. 2014	May 2014	June 2014	July 2014	Aug. 2014
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force	3.7	2.8	2.8	3.8	3.2	3.1	2.9	2.9	2.9
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force	3.8	3.1	3.0	3.8	3.4	3.2	3.1	3.1	3.1
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)	7.3	6.5	6.3	7.2	6.3	6.3	6.1	6.2	6.1
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers	7.9	7.0	6.7	7.8	6.7	6.7	6.5	6.6	6.6
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	8.7	7.8	7.5	8.6	7.6	7.6	7.3	7.5	7.4
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	13.6	12.6	12.0	13.6	12.3	12.2	12.1	12.2	12.0
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category	Total		Men		Women
	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014	Aug. 2013	Aug. 2014
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force	89,988	91,794	35,590	36,326	54,398	55,469
Persons who currently want a job	6,291	6,382	2,715	2,657	3,575	3,725
Marginally attached to the labor force(1)	2,342	2,141	1,168	984	1,174	1,157
Discouraged workers(2)	866	775	477	424	389	351
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)	1,476	1,366	692	560	785	806
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders(4)	6,776	6,819	3,425	3,419	3,351	3,401
Percent of total employed	4.7	4.7	4.5	4.4	5.0	5.0
Primary job full time, secondary job part time	3,705	3,658	2,050	1,996	1,655	1,662
Primary and secondary jobs both part time	1,771	1,748	651	609	1,120	1,139
Primary and secondary jobs both full time	189	269	139	186	50	83
Hours vary on primary or secondary job	1,062	1,085	564	602	498	483
Footnotes (1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. (2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. (3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. (4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry	Not seasonally adjusted				Seasonally adjusted
	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)	Change from: July2014 - Aug.2014(p)
Total nonfarm	136,477	139,772	138,662	138,989	136,636	138,764	138,976	139,118	142
Total private	115,709	117,913	118,061	118,179	114,783	116,874	117,087	117,221	134
Goods-producing	19,089	19,333	19,461	19,542	18,696	19,055	19,122	19,144	22
Mining and logging	887	916	931	936	870	908	916	918	2
Logging	55.0	55.1	56.9	58.1	52.5	54.9	55.1	55.5	0.4
Mining	832.3	860.8	874.3	878.3	817.9	852.8	860.7	862.5	1.8
Oil and gas extraction	201.2	212.9	214.7	214.1	198.7	211.3	212.1	211.7	-0.4
Mining, except oil and gas(1)	215.1	217.4	218.6	218.6	208.7	211.4	212.5	212.0	-0.5
Coal mining	79.9	79.2	79.5	79.2	79.6	78.6	79.0	78.7	-0.3
Support activities for mining	416.0	430.5	441.0	445.6	410.5	430.1	436.1	438.8	2.7
Construction	6,114	6,207	6,315	6,352	5,836	6,017	6,048	6,068	20
Construction of buildings	1,326.5	1,380.2	1,405.3	1,411.5	1,286.3	1,353.1	1,362.9	1,370.1	7.2
Residential building	638.3	678.7	692.2	695.1	615.3	660.6	667.2	671.2	4.0
Nonresidential building	688.2	701.5	713.1	716.4	671.0	692.5	695.7	698.9	3.2
Heavy and civil engineering construction	955.2	965.1	978.1	988.1	887.3	916.6	918.8	919.7	0.9
Specialty trade contractors	3,832.1	3,861.4	3,931.4	3,952.5	3,662.3	3,747.7	3,766.3	3,777.8	11.5
Residential specialty trade contractors	1,641.5	1,671.1	1,697.1	1,710.1	1,558.9	1,610.3	1,616.9	1,626.1	9.2
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors	2,190.6	2,190.3	2,234.3	2,242.4	2,103.4	2,137.4	2,149.4	2,151.7	2.3
Manufacturing	12,088	12,210	12,215	12,254	11,990	12,130	12,158	12,158	0
Durable goods	7,577	7,715	7,709	7,732	7,540	7,662	7,692	7,694	2
Wood products	357.4	372.2	373.9	374.6	353.2	367.4	368.3	370.0	1.7
Nonmetallic mineral products	384.0	395.4	396.1	398.6	375.0	386.8	385.7	388.6	2.9
Primary metals	394.8	400.8	401.3	403.6	393.8	399.7	401.5	402.8	1.3
Fabricated metal products	1,439.0	1,462.3	1,461.6	1,462.5	1,431.2	1,452.1	1,454.5	1,454.9	0.4
Machinery	1,104.5	1,133.5	1,135.0	1,134.3	1,102.5	1,128.2	1,130.0	1,132.5	2.5
Computer and electronic products(1)	1,072.2	1,059.2	1,062.2	1,064.0	1,066.8	1,055.7	1,057.2	1,058.4	1.2
Computer and peripheral equipment	161.1	166.3	168.5	172.3	160.1	166.1	167.6	170.8	3.2
Communications equipment	102.3	98.3	97.7	97.8	102.1	97.9	97.6	97.5	-0.1
Semiconductors and electronic components	376.8	367.9	367.4	367.9	374.6	366.9	366.0	366.0	0.0
Electronic instruments	393.4	387.5	389.4	386.9	391.8	386.0	387.3	385.4	-1.9
Electrical equipment and appliances	373.1	375.3	375.2	374.9	372.6	374.3	373.8	374.7	0.9
Transportation equipment(1)	1,506.4	1,561.7	1,548.9	1,561.9	1,506.7	1,550.3	1,570.5	1,561.3	-9.2
Motor vehicles and parts(2)	826.3	869.4	855.5	869.5	826.2	861.4	874.2	869.6	-4.6
Furniture and related products	365.1	372.1	374.3	376.3	359.0	367.5	370.2	370.7	0.5
Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing	580.8	582.2	580.6	581.7	578.9	579.7	579.9	580.0	0.1
Nondurable goods	4,511	4,495	4,506	4,522	4,450	4,468	4,466	4,464	-2
Food manufacturing	1,506.5	1,478.5	1,493.1	1,510.4	1,466.2	1,474.1	1,472.5	1,474.0	1.5
Textile mills	116.9	117.6	116.9	117.5	116.8	116.7	116.7	117.2	0.5
Textile product mills	114.0	111.1	113.5	114.4	113.0	110.4	112.7	112.8	0.1
Apparel	140.6	132.8	130.2	130.6	140.9	132.1	131.3	130.8	-0.5
Paper and paper products	380.1	378.6	375.2	374.4	378.8	375.7	373.1	373.4	0.3
Printing and related support activities	445.8	443.3	441.5	440.4	444.4	441.3	440.4	439.5	-0.9
Petroleum and coal products	113.8	116.8	116.6	116.9	111.2	114.1	114.0	114.3	0.3
Chemicals	795.4	806.7	808.4	809.1	792.2	802.8	803.8	805.3	1.5
Plastics and rubber products	659.8	668.6	666.8	666.7	654.5	663.6	663.0	661.9	-1.1
Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing	237.7	241.1	243.4	241.8	231.5	237.0	238.3	235.2	-3.1
Private service-providing	96,620	98,580	98,600	98,637	96,087	97,819	97,965	98,077	112
Trade, transportation, and utilities	25,901	26,441	26,441	26,423	25,911	26,391	26,439	26,440	1
Wholesale trade	5,782.3	5,912.4	5,914.8	5,907.1	5,759.5	5,872.4	5,878.4	5,884.9	6.5
Durable goods	2,891.9	2,962.3	2,964.2	2,960.0	2,879.2	2,943.9	2,945.3	2,947.6	2.3
Nondurable goods	1,992.8	2,031.3	2,032.1	2,026.7	1,986.8	2,015.0	2,018.8	2,020.8	2.0
Electronic markets and agents and brokers	897.6	918.8	918.5	920.4	893.5	913.5	914.3	916.5	2.2
Retail trade	15,123.3	15,353.6	15,384.3	15,369.5	15,118.2	15,353.9	15,374.8	15,366.4	-8.4
Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)	1,815.6	1,875.7	1,878.3	1,880.3	1,799.1	1,858.7	1,859.3	1,863.9	4.6
Automobile dealers	1,148.7	1,183.3	1,185.7	1,190.3	1,142.2	1,176.7	1,178.9	1,183.4	4.5
Furniture and home furnishings stores	436.6	443.2	444.5	450.3	443.1	450.8	453.0	456.4	3.4
Electronics and appliance stores	488.6	488.1	491.5	493.3	500.1	502.1	503.6	504.8	1.2
Building material and garden supply stores	1,222.0	1,293.3	1,273.3	1,242.2	1,210.4	1,231.8	1,234.6	1,231.1	-3.5
Food and beverage stores	2,966.6	3,030.5	3,036.7	3,013.6	2,949.5	3,008.7	3,013.6	2,996.5	-17.1
Health and personal care stores	1,013.9	1,017.0	1,015.6	1,015.2	1,017.3	1,017.7	1,019.0	1,017.9	-1.1
Gasoline stations	881.6	888.0	890.6	896.0	869.0	876.9	876.8	881.5	4.7
Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,410.3	1,366.6	1,388.1	1,400.8	1,397.3	1,399.5	1,399.2	1,393.0	-6.2
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores	593.4	576.9	573.2	581.3	593.3	590.5	587.6	583.6	-4.0
General merchandise stores(1)	3,034.8	3,080.6	3,096.0	3,098.7	3,072.6	3,121.4	3,129.0	3,136.6	7.6
Department stores	1,313.7	1,305.5	1,315.5	1,312.4	1,341.8	1,340.8	1,341.3	1,340.4	-0.9
Miscellaneous store retailers	803.5	811.0	814.4	813.7	802.0	804.7	807.4	809.4	2.0
Nonstore retailers	456.4	482.7	482.1	484.1	464.5	491.1	491.7	491.7	0.0
Transportation and warehousing	4,441.3	4,619.4	4,583.9	4,588.9	4,481.8	4,613.1	4,632.2	4,633.4	1.2
Air transportation	450.1	461.0	461.8	458.2	446.9	456.1	457.0	455.1	-1.9
Rail transportation	231.6	237.3	237.1	237.6	230.1	236.1	236.4	236.2	-0.2
Water transportation	67.5	69.7	70.7	71.0	65.3	68.4	68.4	68.7	0.3
Truck transportation	1,406.3	1,422.9	1,428.6	1,432.8	1,380.7	1,405.9	1,408.4	1,407.6	-0.8
Transit and ground passenger transportation	366.6	444.5	396.0	397.7	434.1	450.3	460.3	463.6	3.3
Pipeline transportation	44.3	45.7	45.8	45.4	44.1	45.4	45.5	45.3	-0.2
Scenic and sightseeing transportation	36.5	36.4	38.1	38.0	28.8	29.4	29.7	30.1	0.4
Support activities for transportation	597.2	614.2	614.9	612.8	597.7	612.7	613.5	612.7	-0.8
Couriers and messengers	527.7	551.4	548.3	552.6	540.3	567.1	569.1	570.9	1.8
Warehousing and storage	713.5	736.3	742.6	742.8	713.8	741.7	743.9	743.2	-0.7
Utilities	553.8	555.6	558.4	557.9	551.8	551.6	553.8	555.4	1.6
Information	2,683	2,674	2,688	2,683	2,669	2,665	2,670	2,667	-3
Publishing industries, except Internet	735.9	727.6	730.2	730.1	732.3	728.1	727.0	726.8	-0.2
Motion picture and sound recording industries	335.9	312.6	316.9	308.2	324.6	305.6	304.0	298.0	-6.0
Broadcasting, except Internet	284.1	292.9	294.1	295.7	285.5	292.6	294.6	296.3	1.7
Telecommunications	858.9	859.9	861.8	859.0	859.5	859.5	861.0	859.2	-1.8
Data processing, hosting and related services	269.6	270.5	272.5	273.9	269.8	270.1	272.2	273.2	1.0
Other information services	198.8	210.5	212.8	216.3	196.9	209.4	211.0	213.7	2.7
Financial activities	7,950	7,999	8,028	8,022	7,897	7,946	7,956	7,963	7
Finance and insurance	5,898.6	5,905.9	5,927.0	5,928.0	5,887.2	5,895.1	5,903.3	5,910.8	7.5
Monetary authorities - central bank	18.2	18.3	18.4	18.3	17.9	18.2	18.1	18.1	0.0
Credit intermediation and related activities(1)	2,628.3	2,575.1	2,581.0	2,578.9	2,622.9	2,571.7	2,570.5	2,571.0	0.5
Depository credit intermediation(1)	1,735.4	1,704.4	1,705.5	1,704.5	1,730.1	1,701.0	1,697.9	1,698.5	0.6
Commercial banking	1,308.0	1,274.9	1,275.7	1,274.5	1,304.9	1,273.0	1,270.6	1,270.5	-0.1
Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts	868.6	876.8	885.1	883.8	865.0	873.6	879.1	879.9	0.8
Insurance carriers and related activities	2,383.5	2,435.7	2,442.5	2,447.0	2,381.4	2,431.6	2,435.6	2,441.8	6.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	2,051.5	2,092.8	2,101.4	2,094.0	2,009.7	2,050.6	2,052.5	2,051.7	-0.8
Real estate	1,491.0	1,507.0	1,511.5	1,508.8	1,464.7	1,483.9	1,483.0	1,482.5	-0.5
Rental and leasing services	536.9	563.5	567.5	562.9	521.7	544.5	547.4	547.2	-0.2
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets	23.6	22.3	22.4	22.3	23.3	22.2	22.1	22.0	-0.1
Professional and business services	18,792	19,353	19,360	19,444	18,663	19,219	19,255	19,302	47
Professional and technical services(1)	8,127.3	8,329.1	8,366.2	8,368.0	8,162.2	8,353.0	8,375.9	8,392.7	16.8
Legal services	1,136.5	1,145.4	1,146.0	1,141.5	1,136.1	1,137.0	1,136.6	1,139.9	3.3
Accounting and bookkeeping services	867.4	895.1	896.6	900.9	939.5	954.9	961.7	965.9	4.2
Architectural and engineering services	1,375.6	1,417.8	1,429.3	1,430.8	1,357.9	1,404.1	1,410.1	1,412.8	2.7
Computer systems design and related services	1,713.3	1,761.7	1,769.5	1,768.5	1,707.0	1,761.4	1,760.8	1,762.3	1.5
Management and technical consulting services	1,189.9	1,236.6	1,244.2	1,245.9	1,186.2	1,232.9	1,237.2	1,240.2	3.0
Management of companies and enterprises	2,106.8	2,149.5	2,150.0	2,152.9	2,099.9	2,135.8	2,137.1	2,144.9	7.8
Administrative and waste services	8,558.3	8,874.5	8,843.6	8,922.8	8,400.7	8,730.0	8,741.6	8,764.6	23.0
Administrative and support services(1)	8,174.6	8,486.6	8,450.8	8,532.3	8,024.8	8,348.9	8,359.4	8,382.1	22.7
Employment services(1)	3,402.8	3,609.9	3,575.6	3,656.8	3,355.7	3,588.5	3,595.4	3,610.8	15.4
Temporary help services	2,712.9	2,890.4	2,858.8	2,927.4	2,681.3	2,873.5	2,883.2	2,896.2	13.0
Business support services	846.5	854.2	853.8	855.4	856.6	864.4	865.4	864.8	-0.6
Services to buildings and dwellings	1,998.7	2,056.5	2,061.8	2,050.1	1,898.6	1,940.7	1,944.7	1,949.4	4.7
Waste management and remediation services	383.7	387.9	392.8	390.5	375.9	381.1	382.2	382.5	0.3
Education and health services	20,842	21,271	21,164	21,213	21,172	21,469	21,502	21,539	37
Educational services	3,063.4	3,211.3	3,109.5	3,087.2	3,361.0	3,404.0	3,397.2	3,390.9	-6.3
Health care and social assistance	17,778.1	18,059.5	18,054.0	18,125.3	17,810.8	18,064.9	18,105.0	18,147.7	42.7
Health care(3)	14,569.1	14,740.1	14,762.0	14,809.1	14,547.3	14,726.3	14,746.3	14,780.3	34.0
Ambulatory health care services(1)	6,522.0	6,672.7	6,686.6	6,721.7	6,516.4	6,668.3	6,688.3	6,711.1	22.8
Offices of physicians	2,442.7	2,487.0	2,496.8	2,507.3	2,443.3	2,490.0	2,498.3	2,506.1	7.8
Outpatient care centers	688.2	717.8	719.5	722.3	688.1	717.8	719.2	722.0	2.8
Home health care services	1,249.3	1,286.8	1,283.0	1,291.5	1,248.5	1,284.8	1,286.7	1,290.5	3.8
Hospitals	4,797.4	4,805.8	4,807.9	4,812.5	4,794.4	4,804.4	4,800.5	4,807.6	7.1
Nursing and residential care facilities(1)	3,249.7	3,261.6	3,267.5	3,274.9	3,236.5	3,253.6	3,257.5	3,261.6	4.1
Nursing care facilities	1,664.5	1,657.8	1,659.5	1,660.6	1,659.8	1,653.3	1,654.7	1,655.3	0.6
Social assistance(1)	3,209.0	3,319.4	3,292.0	3,316.2	3,263.5	3,338.6	3,358.7	3,367.4	8.7
Child day care services	798.3	842.2	796.8	817.2	843.3	862.9	864.0	863.6	-0.4
Leisure and hospitality	14,945	15,270	15,345	15,298	14,306	14,624	14,636	14,651	15
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	2,301.3	2,367.6	2,414.8	2,352.5	2,031.8	2,094.1	2,090.2	2,084.7	-5.5
Performing arts and spectator sports	443.1	467.1	462.3	459.1	416.3	441.8	437.8	433.9	-3.9
Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions	147.1	154.1	154.8	151.5	136.7	142.0	141.4	141.5	0.1
Amusements, gambling, and recreation	1,711.1	1,746.4	1,797.7	1,741.9	1,478.8	1,510.3	1,511.0	1,509.3	-1.7
Accommodation and food services	12,643.5	12,902.2	12,930.6	12,945.6	12,274.0	12,529.5	12,545.5	12,566.6	21.1
Accommodation	2,005.9	1,974.9	2,020.9	2,008.9	1,867.7	1,873.1	1,871.5	1,871.1	-0.4
Food services and drinking places	10,637.6	10,927.3	10,909.7	10,936.7	10,406.3	10,656.4	10,674.0	10,695.5	21.5
Other services	5,507	5,572	5,574	5,554	5,469	5,505	5,507	5,515	8
Repair and maintenance	1,214.0	1,223.5	1,220.1	1,225.2	1,211.4	1,216.4	1,215.0	1,221.3	6.3
Personal and laundry services	1,350.0	1,380.8	1,377.8	1,380.0	1,344.5	1,364.2	1,369.1	1,372.8	3.7
Membership associations and organizations	2,942.7	2,967.6	2,975.6	2,948.6	2,912.7	2,924.2	2,923.2	2,920.5	-2.7
Government	20,768	21,859	20,601	20,810	21,853	21,890	21,889	21,897	8
Federal	2,760.0	2,727.0	2,727.0	2,728.0	2,749.0	2,715.0	2,714.0	2,717.0	3.0
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service	2,169.9	2,138.1	2,138.6	2,137.4	2,157.6	2,123.0	2,124.6	2,125.7	1.1
U.S. Postal Service	590.3	588.9	588.1	590.7	591.1	591.6	589.5	590.8	1.3
State government	4,765.0	4,824.0	4,735.0	4,777.0	5,039.0	5,061.0	5,055.0	5,056.0	1.0
State government education	2,096.1	2,142.9	2,056.9	2,106.0	2,386.1	2,402.2	2,395.6	2,400.2	4.6
State government, excluding education	2,669.3	2,680.6	2,677.9	2,670.8	2,652.9	2,658.3	2,659.6	2,655.6	-4.0
Local government	13,243.0	14,308.0	13,139.0	13,305.0	14,065.0	14,114.0	14,120.0	14,124.0	4.0
Local government education	6,796.7	7,818.4	6,587.1	6,805.0	7,795.2	7,802.4	7,803.5	7,802.1	-1.4
Local government, excluding education	6,445.8	6,489.9	6,551.6	6,500.4	6,269.8	6,311.8	6,316.1	6,322.2	6.1
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. (3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	34.5	34.5	34.5	34.5
Goods-producing	40.5	40.6	40.5	40.6
Mining and logging	44.1	44.8	44.5	44.8
Construction	39.1	39.1	39.2	39.1
Manufacturing	40.9	41.1	40.9	41.0
Durable goods	41.2	41.6	41.4	41.5
Nondurable goods	40.3	40.2	40.0	40.2
Private service-providing	33.3	33.3	33.3	33.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	34.6	34.4	34.4	34.5
Wholesale trade	38.9	38.9	38.9	38.9
Retail trade	31.5	31.2	31.2	31.3
Transportation and warehousing	38.7	38.3	38.5	38.6
Utilities	42.2	42.2	42.5	42.4
Information	36.8	36.9	36.8	36.8
Financial activities	37.3	37.2	37.2	37.2
Professional and business services	36.1	36.2	36.1	36.2
Education and health services	32.7	32.7	32.7	32.8
Leisure and hospitality	26.0	26.1	26.2	26.2
Other services	31.8	31.6	31.6	31.7
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	3.4	3.5	3.4	3.4
Durable goods	3.4	3.6	3.5	3.5
Nondurable goods	3.5	3.3	3.3	3.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)
Total private	$24.03	$24.45	$24.47	$24.53	$829.04	$843.53	$844.22	$846.29
Goods-producing	25.23	25.74	25.76	25.81	1,021.82	1,045.04	1,043.28	1,047.89
Mining and logging	29.88	31.12	31.01	31.10	1,317.71	1,394.18	1,379.95	1,393.28
Construction	26.18	26.71	26.70	26.72	1,023.64	1,044.36	1,046.64	1,044.75
Manufacturing	24.42	24.84	24.88	24.93	998.78	1,020.92	1,017.59	1,022.13
Durable goods	25.80	26.19	26.21	26.25	1,062.96	1,089.50	1,085.09	1,089.38
Nondurable goods	22.04	22.45	22.49	22.59	888.21	902.49	899.60	908.12
Private service-providing	23.75	24.14	24.16	24.23	790.88	803.86	804.53	806.86
Trade, transportation, and utilities	21.05	21.40	21.41	21.49	728.33	736.16	736.50	741.41
Wholesale trade	27.71	28.06	28.02	28.20	1,077.92	1,091.53	1,089.98	1,096.98
Retail trade	16.70	17.00	17.03	17.06	526.05	530.40	531.34	533.98
Transportation and warehousing	22.51	22.90	22.87	22.97	871.14	877.07	880.50	886.64
Utilities	35.17	35.40	35.41	35.43	1,484.17	1,493.88	1,504.93	1,502.23
Information	32.83	33.97	34.05	34.08	1,208.14	1,253.49	1,253.04	1,254.14
Financial activities	30.31	30.77	30.77	30.90	1,130.56	1,144.64	1,144.64	1,149.48
Professional and business services	28.57	29.16	29.22	29.26	1,031.38	1,055.59	1,054.84	1,059.21
Education and health services	24.53	24.67	24.70	24.76	802.13	806.71	807.69	812.13
Leisure and hospitality	13.53	13.87	13.89	13.95	351.78	362.01	363.92	365.49
Other services	21.45	21.88	21.92	21.96	682.11	691.41	692.67	696.13
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(1)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)	Percent change from: July 2014 - Aug. 2014(p)	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)	Percent change from: July 2014 - Aug. 2014(p)
Total private	99.0	100.8	101.0	101.1	0.1	113.5	117.6	117.9	118.4	0.4
Goods-producing	86.3	88.1	88.2	88.6	0.5	98.4	102.5	102.7	103.3	0.6
Mining and logging	120.6	127.8	128.1	129.2	0.9	144.6	159.7	159.5	161.4	1.2
Construction	78.7	81.1	81.7	81.8	0.1	89.5	94.1	94.8	95.0	0.2
Manufacturing	88.2	89.7	89.5	89.7	0.2	100.2	103.6	103.5	104.0	0.5
Durable goods	87.5	89.7	89.7	89.9	0.2	100.2	104.4	104.4	104.8	0.4
Nondurable goods	89.5	89.6	89.1	89.6	0.6	100.1	102.1	101.7	102.7	1.0
Private service-providing	102.4	104.2	104.4	104.5	0.1	117.9	122.0	122.3	122.8	0.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	97.5	98.7	98.9	99.2	0.3	110.5	113.7	114.0	114.7	0.6
Wholesale trade	97.8	99.7	99.8	99.9	0.1	113.0	116.7	116.7	117.5	0.7
Retail trade	96.7	97.3	97.4	97.7	0.3	106.8	109.4	109.7	110.2	0.5
Transportation and warehousing	99.3	101.1	102.1	102.4	0.3	113.4	117.5	118.5	119.3	0.7
Utilities	100.7	100.7	101.8	101.9	0.1	117.1	117.8	119.1	119.3	0.2
Information	89.7	89.8	89.7	89.6	-0.1	104.9	108.6	108.8	108.8	0.0
Financial activities	96.5	96.8	96.9	97.0	0.1	114.1	116.2	116.3	116.9	0.5
Professional and business services	106.0	109.4	109.3	109.9	0.5	122.7	129.3	129.4	130.3	0.7
Education and health services	111.1	112.7	112.8	113.4	0.5	128.4	130.9	131.3	132.3	0.8
Leisure and hospitality	106.1	108.9	109.4	109.5	0.1	115.8	121.9	122.6	123.3	0.6
Other services	96.4	96.4	96.4	96.9	0.5	117.3	119.7	119.9	120.7	0.7
Footnotes (1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Women employees (in thousands)				Percent of all employees
	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)
Total nonfarm	67,626	68,553	68,608	68,699	49.5	49.4	49.4	49.4
Total private	55,160	56,059	56,120	56,204	48.1	48.0	47.9	47.9
Goods-producing	4,111	4,178	4,178	4,200	22.0	21.9	21.8	21.9
Mining and logging	117	121	122	123	13.4	13.3	13.3	13.4
Construction	746	765	768	772	12.8	12.7	12.7	12.7
Manufacturing	3,248	3,292	3,288	3,305	27.1	27.1	27.0	27.2
Durable goods	1,736	1,766	1,766	1,775	23.0	23.0	23.0	23.1
Nondurable goods	1,512	1,526	1,522	1,530	34.0	34.2	34.1	34.3
Private service-providing	51,049	51,881	51,942	52,004	53.1	53.0	53.0	53.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	10,511	10,683	10,706	10,704	40.6	40.5	40.5	40.5
Wholesale trade	1,710.5	1,735.6	1,735.9	1,738.7	29.7	29.6	29.5	29.5
Retail trade	7,607.2	7,723.8	7,733.8	7,732.7	50.3	50.3	50.3	50.3
Transportation and warehousing	1,057.4	1,090.5	1,101.5	1,098.6	23.6	23.6	23.8	23.7
Utilities	135.9	133.5	134.7	133.9	24.6	24.2	24.3	24.1
Information	1,071	1,073	1,076	1,082	40.1	40.3	40.3	40.6
Financial activities	4,546	4,554	4,553	4,555	57.6	57.3	57.2	57.2
Professional and business services	8,338	8,585	8,586	8,614	44.7	44.7	44.6	44.6
Education and health services	16,264	16,492	16,522	16,545	76.8	76.8	76.8	76.8
Leisure and hospitality	7,448	7,602	7,608	7,618	52.1	52.0	52.0	52.0
Other services	2,871	2,892	2,891	2,886	52.5	52.5	52.5	52.3
Government	12,466	12,494	12,488	12,495	57.0	57.1	57.1	57.1
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

[In thousands]

Industry	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)
Total private	94,815	96,617	96,762	96,847
Goods-producing	13,429	13,730	13,778	13,788
Mining and logging	638	663	666	670
Construction	4,401	4,536	4,558	4,565
Manufacturing	8,390	8,531	8,554	8,553
Durable goods	5,177	5,279	5,302	5,299
Nondurable goods	3,213	3,252	3,252	3,254
Private service-providing	81,386	82,887	82,984	83,059
Trade, transportation, and utilities	21,914	22,301	22,322	22,323
Wholesale trade	4,642.4	4,754.2	4,749.4	4,758.2
Retail trade	12,958.1	13,110.0	13,116.4	13,104.2
Transportation and warehousing	3,867.8	3,990.3	4,008.2	4,010.5
Utilities	446.0	446.5	448.2	449.7
Information	2,175	2,163	2,171	2,171
Financial activities	6,084	6,139	6,152	6,161
Professional and business services	15,447	15,944	15,965	15,998
Education and health services	18,575	18,849	18,881	18,908
Leisure and hospitality	12,630	12,905	12,906	12,908
Other services	4,561	4,586	4,587	4,590
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	33.7	33.7	33.7	33.7
Goods-producing	41.4	41.6	41.5	41.5
Mining and logging	46.1	47.4	47.2	47.3
Construction	39.7	39.6	39.9	39.7
Manufacturing	41.9	42.1	42.0	42.0
Durable goods	42.3	42.6	42.5	42.4
Nondurable goods	41.3	41.4	41.2	41.3
Private service-providing	32.4	32.4	32.4	32.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	33.8	33.6	33.5	33.6
Wholesale trade	38.8	38.6	38.6	38.6
Retail trade	30.4	30.0	29.9	30.0
Transportation and warehousing	38.4	38.3	38.4	38.4
Utilities	41.7	42.2	42.5	42.3
Information	35.9	36.1	36.0	36.1
Financial activities	36.7	36.7	36.7	36.6
Professional and business services	35.3	35.4	35.5	35.5
Education and health services	32.0	32.0	31.9	32.1
Leisure and hospitality	25.0	25.1	25.0	25.1
Other services	30.7	30.7	30.7	30.7
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	4.3	4.5	4.4	4.5
Durable goods	4.3	4.7	4.6	4.6
Nondurable goods	4.3	4.3	4.2	4.3
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)
Total private	$20.17	$20.58	$20.62	$20.68	$679.73	$693.55	$694.89	$696.92
Goods-producing	21.25	21.57	21.63	21.65	879.75	897.31	897.65	898.48
Mining and logging	26.81	26.88	27.01	27.08	1,235.94	1,274.11	1,274.87	1,280.88
Construction	24.17	24.67	24.67	24.67	959.55	976.93	984.33	979.40
Manufacturing	19.33	19.56	19.61	19.64	809.93	823.48	823.62	824.88
Durable goods	20.38	20.64	20.70	20.72	862.07	879.26	879.75	878.53
Nondurable goods	17.59	17.75	17.79	17.84	726.47	734.85	732.95	736.79
Private service-providing	19.95	20.37	20.41	20.47	646.38	659.99	661.28	663.23
Trade, transportation, and utilities	17.79	18.27	18.27	18.37	601.30	613.87	612.05	617.23
Wholesale trade	22.66	23.20	23.17	23.39	879.21	895.52	894.36	902.85
Retail trade	14.04	14.39	14.42	14.43	426.82	431.70	431.16	432.90
Transportation and warehousing	20.01	20.53	20.45	20.63	768.38	786.30	785.28	792.19
Utilities	32.24	32.80	32.85	32.84	1,344.41	1,384.16	1,396.13	1,389.13
Information	28.01	28.78	29.06	28.93	1,005.56	1,038.96	1,046.16	1,044.37
Financial activities	24.02	24.70	24.74	24.99	881.53	906.49	907.96	914.63
Professional and business services	23.74	24.23	24.27	24.31	838.02	857.74	861.59	863.01
Education and health services	21.34	21.58	21.59	21.64	682.88	690.56	688.72	694.64
Leisure and hospitality	11.82	12.06	12.09	12.11	295.50	302.71	302.25	303.96
Other services	18.05	18.40	18.46	18.50	554.14	564.88	566.72	567.95
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

[2002=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(2)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)	Percent change from: July 2014 - Aug. 2014(p)	Aug. 2013	June 2014	July 2014(p)	Aug. 2014(p)	Percent change from: July 2014 - Aug. 2014(p)
Total private	106.5	108.5	108.7	108.8	0.1	143.5	149.2	149.7	150.3	0.4
Goods-producing	85.0	87.3	87.4	87.4	0.0	110.6	115.3	115.7	115.9	0.2
Mining and logging	156.3	167.0	167.0	168.4	0.8	243.7	261.1	262.4	265.2	1.1
Construction	87.5	89.9	91.1	90.7	-0.4	114.2	119.8	121.3	120.9	-0.3
Manufacturing	80.7	82.4	82.5	82.5	0.0	102.0	105.5	105.8	105.9	0.1
Durable goods	82.3	84.5	84.7	84.4	-0.4	104.7	108.9	109.4	109.2	-0.2
Nondurable goods	78.2	79.3	78.9	79.2	0.4	97.2	99.5	99.2	99.8	0.6
Private service-providing	112.3	114.4	114.5	114.6	0.1	153.7	159.8	160.3	160.9	0.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	103.3	104.5	104.2	104.6	0.4	131.0	136.1	135.9	137.0	0.8
Wholesale trade	106.1	108.1	108.0	108.2	0.2	141.6	147.7	147.4	149.0	1.1
Retail trade	99.7	99.6	99.3	99.5	0.2	120.0	122.8	122.7	123.1	0.3
Transportation and warehousing	111.8	115.0	115.9	115.9	0.0	141.9	149.8	150.3	151.7	0.9
Utilities	95.1	96.4	97.4	97.3	-0.1	128.0	131.9	133.6	133.3	-0.2
Information	89.1	89.1	89.2	89.5	0.3	123.6	127.0	128.3	128.1	-0.2
Financial activities	105.1	106.1	106.3	106.2	-0.1	155.3	161.2	161.8	163.2	0.9
Professional and business services	122.2	126.5	127.0	127.3	0.2	172.6	182.4	183.5	184.1	0.3
Education and health services	126.9	128.7	128.6	129.5	0.7	178.6	183.3	183.1	185.0	1.0
Leisure and hospitality	115.7	118.6	118.2	118.7	0.4	155.2	162.5	162.3	163.2	0.6
Other services	98.2	98.7	98.8	98.8	0.0	129.1	132.4	132.8	133.2	0.3
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary