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Economic News Release
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CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until		USDL-22-2236
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, December 2, 2022

Technical information: 
 Household data:	(202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:	(202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov

	
			THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- NOVEMBER 2022


Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 263,000 in November, and the unemployment 
rate was unchanged at 3.7 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. 
Notable job gains occurred in leisure and hospitality, health care, and government. 
Employment declined in retail trade and in transportation and warehousing.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey 
measures labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The
establishment survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For 
more information about the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys,
see the Technical Note. 

Household Survey Data

The unemployment rate was unchanged at 3.7 percent in November and has been in a narrow 
range of 3.5 percent to 3.7 percent since March. The number of unemployed persons was 
essentially unchanged at 6.0 million in November. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (3.4 percent), adult 
women (3.3 percent), teenagers (11.3 percent), Whites (3.2 percent), Blacks (5.7 percent),
Asians (2.7 percent), and Hispanics (3.9 percent) showed little or no change over the
month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of permanent job losers rose by 127,000 to 1.4 million in
November. The number of persons on temporary layoff changed little at 803,000. 
(See table A-11.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was little changed
at 1.2 million in November. The long-term unemployed accounted for 20.6 percent of all 
unemployed persons. (See table A-12.)

Both the labor force participation rate, at 62.1 percent, and the employment-population 
ratio, at 59.9 percent, were little changed in November and have shown little net change 
since early this year. These measures are each 1.3 percentage points below their values in
February 2020, prior to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons was about unchanged at 3.7
million in November. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment,
were working part time because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find 
full-time jobs. (See table A-8.)

The number of persons not in the labor force who currently want a job was little changed 
at 5.6 million in November and remains above its February 2020 level of 5.0 million. These
individuals were not counted as unemployed because they were not actively looking for work
during the 4 weeks preceding the survey or were unavailable to take a job. (See table A-1.)

Among those not in the labor force who wanted a job, the number of persons marginally 
attached to the labor force held at 1.5 million in November. These individuals wanted and
were available for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months but had
not looked for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. The number of discouraged
workers, a subset of the marginally attached who believed that no jobs were available 
for them, was 405,000 in November, little changed from the previous month. (See Summary
table A.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 263,000 in November, roughly in line with
average growth over the prior 3 months (+282,000). Monthly job growth has averaged 392,000
thus far in 2022, compared with 562,000 per month in 2021. In November, notable job gains
occurred in leisure and hospitality, health care, and government. Employment declined in
retail trade and in transportation and warehousing. (See table B-1.) 

Leisure and hospitality added 88,000 jobs in November, including a gain of 62,000 in food
services and drinking places. Leisure and hospitality has added an average of 82,000 jobs
per month thus far this year, less than half the average gain of 196,000 jobs per month
in 2021. Employment in leisure and hospitality is below its pre-pandemic February 2020 
level by 980,000, or 5.8 percent.

In November, employment in health care rose by 45,000, with gains in ambulatory health 
care services (+23,000), hospitals (+11,000), and nursing and residential care facilities
(+10,000). So far in 2022, health care employment has increased by an average of 47,000 
per month, well above the 2021 average monthly gain of 9,000.

Government added 42,000 jobs in November, mostly in local government (+32,000). Government
employment has increased by an average of 25,000 per month thus far this year, compared
with 38,000 per month in 2021. Since February 2020, government employment is down by 
461,000, or 2.0 percent.

In November, employment in the other services industry rose by 24,000, as personal and 
laundry services added 11,000 jobs over the month. Other services employment has increased
by an average of 15,000 per month thus far this year, compared with 24,000 per month in
2021. Employment in other services is below its February 2020 level by 186,000, or 3.1 
percent.

Employment in social assistance increased by 23,000 in November and has returned to its 
February 2020 level. Within social assistance, employment in individual and family services
increased by 17,000 in November. Job growth in social assistance has averaged 18,000 per
month thus far in 2022, compared with an average of 13,000 per month in 2021.

Construction employment continued to trend up in November (+20,000), with nonresidential
building adding 8,000 jobs. Construction has added an average of 19,000 jobs per month thus
far this year, little different from the 2021 average of 16,000 per month. 

Employment in information rose by 19,000 in November. Employment in the industry has 
increased by an average of 14,000 per month thus far this year, in line with the average 
of 16,000 per month in 2021.  

Manufacturing employment continued to trend up in November (+14,000). Job growth has 
averaged 34,000 per month thus far this year, little different from the 2021 average of
30,000 per month.

In November, employment in financial activities continued its upward trend (+14,000). Job
gains in real estate and rental and leasing (+13,000) and in securities, commodity 
contracts, and investments (+6,000) were partially offset by a decline in credit 
intermediation and related activities (-9,000). Employment in financial activities has
increased by an average of 12,000 per month thus far this year, the same as in 2021. 

Employment in retail trade declined by 30,000 in November. Job losses in general 
merchandise stores (-32,000), electronics and appliance stores (-4,000), and furniture 
and home furnishings stores (-3,000) were partially offset by a job gain in motor vehicle 
and parts dealers (+10,000). Retail trade employment has fallen by 62,000 since August.

Employment in transportation and warehousing declined by 15,000 in November and has 
decreased by 38,000 since July. In November, job losses in warehousing and storage 
(-13,000) and in couriers and messengers (-12,000) were partially offset by a job gain in
air transportation (+4,000).  

Employment in professional and business services changed little in November (+6,000). 
Within the industry, professional and technical services added 28,000 jobs, while 
business support services lost 11,000 jobs. Monthly job growth in professional and 
business services has averaged 58,000 thus far in 2022, down from 94,000 per month in
2021. 

Employment showed little change over the month in mining and wholesale trade.

In November, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose
by 18 cents, or 0.6 percent, to $32.82. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings
have increased by 5.1 percent. In November, average hourly earnings of private-sector 
production and nonsupervisory employees rose by 19 cents, or 0.7 percent, to $28.10. 
(See tables B-3 and B-8.)

In November, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls declined 
by 0.1 hour to 34.4 hours. In manufacturing, the average workweek for all employees 
decreased by 0.2 hour to 40.2 hours, and overtime declined by 0.1 hour to 3.1 hours. The
average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls
decreased by 0.1 hour to 33.9 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for September was revised down by 46,000,
from +315,000 to +269,000, and the change for October was revised up by 23,000, from 
+261,000 to +284,000. With these revisions, employment gains in September and October 
combined were 23,000 lower than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from 
additional reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last 
published estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.) 

_____________
The Employment Situation for December is scheduled to be released on Friday, January 6,
2023, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).


 _______________________________________________________________________________________
|											|
|               Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data                   |
|											|
| In accordance with usual practice, The Employment Situation news release for December |
| 2022, scheduled for January 6, 2023, will incorporate annual revisions in seasonally  |
| adjusted household survey data. Seasonally adjusted data for the most recent 5 years  |
| are subject to revision. 								|
|_______________________________________________________________________________________|


 _______________________________________________________________________________________
|											|
|            Update to the 2022 North American Industry Classification System           |
|											|
| With the release of January 2023 data on February 3, 2023, the establishment survey 	|
| will revise the basis for industry classification from the 2017 North American 	|
| Industry Classification System (NAICS) to NAICS 2022. The conversion to NAICS 2022 	|
| will result in minor revisions reflecting content and coding changes within the 	|
| mining and logging, manufacturing, wholesale trade, financial activities, and other 	|
| services sectors, as well as major revisions reflecting content and coding changes in |
| the retail trade and information sectors. Many industry titles and descriptions will  |
| also be updated to better reflect official NAICS titles. Approximately 10 percent of 	|
| employment will be reclassified into different industries as a result of the 		|
| revision. Details of updated titles and new, discontinued, and collapsed industries 	|
| resulting from the NAICS 2022 update, as well as changes due to the annual 		|
| benchmarking process, will be available on January 6, 2023.				|
|											|
| For more information on NAICS 2022, visit www.census.gov/naics.			|
|_______________________________________________________________________________________|




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022
Change from:
Oct.
2022-
Nov.
2022

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

262,029 264,356 264,535 264,708 173

Civilian labor force

162,126 164,689 164,667 164,481 -186

Participation rate

61.9 62.3 62.2 62.1 -0.1

Employed

155,324 158,936 158,608 158,470 -138

Employment-population ratio

59.3 60.1 60.0 59.9 -0.1

Unemployed

6,802 5,753 6,059 6,011 -48

Unemployment rate

4.2 3.5 3.7 3.7 0.0

Not in labor force

99,902 99,667 99,868 100,227 359

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

4.2 3.5 3.7 3.7 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over)

3.9 3.3 3.3 3.4 0.1

Adult women (20 years and over)

3.9 3.1 3.4 3.3 -0.1

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

10.9 11.4 11.0 11.3 0.3

White

3.7 3.1 3.2 3.2 0.0

Black or African American

6.5 5.8 5.9 5.7 -0.2

Asian

3.9 2.5 2.9 2.7 -0.2

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

5.2 3.8 4.2 3.9 -0.3

Total, 25 years and over

3.6 2.8 3.0 3.0 0.0

Less than a high school diploma

5.5 5.6 6.3 4.4 -1.9

High school graduates, no college

5.2 3.7 3.9 3.9 0.0

Some college or associate degree

3.7 2.9 3.0 3.2 0.2

Bachelor's degree and higher

2.2 1.8 1.9 2.0 0.1

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3,369 2,495 2,663 2,777 114

Job leavers

837 905 862 830 -32

Reentrants

2,154 1,840 1,886 1,807 -79

New entrants

452 447 485 561 76

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

1,985 2,154 2,211 2,243 32

5 to 14 weeks

1,703 1,645 1,783 1,698 -85

15 to 26 weeks

870 899 805 803 -2

27 weeks and over

2,193 1,067 1,165 1,230 65

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

4,266 3,843 3,660 3,685 25

Slack work or business conditions

2,903 2,577 2,534 2,545 11

Could only find part-time work

1,059 952 870 817 -53

Part time for noneconomic reasons

20,440 21,233 21,274 21,197 -77

Persons not in the labor force

Marginally attached to the labor force

1,610 1,600 1,504 1,504 0

Discouraged workers

451 485 371 405 34

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

647 269 284 263

Total private

627 255 248 221

Goods-producing

99 43 47 37

Mining and logging

4 3 2 3

Construction

47 23 9 20

Manufacturing

48 17 36 14

Durable goods(1)

19 9 27 11

Motor vehicles and parts

-15.0 9.0 7.5 1.9

Nondurable goods

29 8 9 3

Private service-providing

528 212 201 184

Wholesale trade

14.9 6.5 9.2 -3.3

Retail trade

19.9 -29.9 -2.6 -29.9

Transportation and warehousing

37.2 -18.1 -3.4 -15.1

Utilities

-0.8 -0.1 1.1 -0.5

Information

18 8 6 19

Financial activities

32 3 13 14

Professional and business services(1)

111 25 26 6

Temporary help services

11.3 -22.5 -6.1 -17.2

Education and health services(1)

69 82 80 82

Health care and social assistance

36.3 81.3 73.8 68.1

Leisure and hospitality

191 111 60 88

Other services

36 25 12 24

Government

20 14 36 42

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

583 366 282 272

Total private

577 312 245 241

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)

Total nonfarm women employees

49.8 49.9 49.9 49.9

Total private women employees

48.4 48.5 48.5 48.5

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

81.5 81.5 81.5 81.5

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.8 34.5 34.5 34.4

Average hourly earnings

$31.23 $32.49 $32.64 $32.82

Average weekly earnings

$1,086.80 $1,120.91 $1,126.08 $1,129.01

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

110.5 113.2 113.4 113.2

Over-the-month percent change

0.5 0.3 0.2 -0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

165.1 175.8 176.9 177.7

Over-the-month percent change

0.9 0.6 0.6 0.5

DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)(5)

Total private (256 industries)

74.8 64.6 63.9 63.5

Manufacturing (74 industries)

73.0 57.4 59.5 56.1

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cestn.htm#section7.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 131,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 670,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll jobs.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during
the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or 
more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and
duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component
series, and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted
total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 120,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-70,000 to +170,000 (50,000 +/- 120,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.1 percent, with a range from -0.3 percent to 0.3 percent.

Other information

   If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1
to access telecommunications relay services.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Nov.
2021
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

262,029 264,535 264,708 262,029 264,012 264,184 264,356 264,535 264,708

Civilian labor force

162,099 164,753 164,272 162,126 163,960 164,746 164,689 164,667 164,481

Participation rate

61.9 62.3 62.1 61.9 62.1 62.4 62.3 62.2 62.1

Employed

155,797 159,144 158,749 155,324 158,290 158,732 158,936 158,608 158,470

Employment-population ratio

59.5 60.2 60.0 59.3 60.0 60.1 60.1 60.0 59.9

Unemployed

6,302 5,609 5,523 6,802 5,670 6,014 5,753 6,059 6,011

Unemployment rate

3.9 3.4 3.4 4.2 3.5 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.7

Not in labor force

99,930 99,782 100,436 99,902 100,051 99,438 99,667 99,868 100,227

Persons who currently want a job

5,491 5,341 5,211 5,819 5,910 5,549 5,834 5,717 5,550

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

126,779 128,897 128,983 126,779 128,636 128,722 128,807 128,897 128,983

Civilian labor force

85,793 87,685 87,441 86,017 86,936 87,335 87,711 87,789 87,761

Participation rate

67.7 68.0 67.8 67.8 67.6 67.8 68.1 68.1 68.0

Employed

82,474 84,799 84,455 82,432 83,891 84,045 84,587 84,571 84,516

Employment-population ratio

65.1 65.8 65.5 65.0 65.2 65.3 65.7 65.6 65.5

Unemployed

3,318 2,886 2,986 3,585 3,046 3,290 3,124 3,218 3,245

Unemployment rate

3.9 3.3 3.4 4.2 3.5 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.7

Not in labor force

40,986 41,212 41,542 40,762 41,700 41,387 41,097 41,108 41,222

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

118,466 120,225 120,301 118,466 119,977 120,058 120,140 120,225 120,301

Civilian labor force

82,929 84,623 84,329 83,007 83,857 84,158 84,660 84,626 84,491

Participation rate

70.0 70.4 70.1 70.1 69.9 70.1 70.5 70.4 70.2

Employed

79,904 82,093 81,731 79,736 81,164 81,225 81,878 81,792 81,657

Employment-population ratio

67.4 68.3 67.9 67.3 67.7 67.7 68.2 68.0 67.9

Unemployed

3,025 2,530 2,598 3,272 2,692 2,934 2,783 2,834 2,834

Unemployment rate

3.6 3.0 3.1 3.9 3.2 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.4

Not in labor force

35,537 35,601 35,972 35,459 36,120 35,900 35,479 35,599 35,810

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

135,250 135,638 135,725 135,250 135,376 135,462 135,548 135,638 135,725

Civilian labor force

76,306 77,068 76,831 76,109 77,024 77,410 76,978 76,878 76,720

Participation rate

56.4 56.8 56.6 56.3 56.9 57.1 56.8 56.7 56.5

Employed

73,323 74,345 74,294 72,892 74,399 74,687 74,349 74,037 73,954

Employment-population ratio

54.2 54.8 54.7 53.9 55.0 55.1 54.9 54.6 54.5

Unemployed

2,984 2,723 2,537 3,217 2,625 2,724 2,629 2,841 2,766

Unemployment rate

3.9 3.5 3.3 4.2 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.7 3.6

Not in labor force

58,944 58,570 58,894 59,141 58,351 58,052 58,570 58,760 59,005

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

127,112 127,204 127,283 127,112 126,951 127,034 127,117 127,204 127,283

Civilian labor force

73,463 74,069 73,766 73,134 73,988 74,140 73,750 73,759 73,519

Participation rate

57.8 58.2 58.0 57.5 58.3 58.4 58.0 58.0 57.8

Employed

70,786 71,628 71,516 70,257 71,710 71,729 71,493 71,224 71,072

Employment-population ratio

55.7 56.3 56.2 55.3 56.5 56.5 56.2 56.0 55.8

Unemployed

2,677 2,441 2,250 2,876 2,278 2,411 2,258 2,534 2,447

Unemployment rate

3.6 3.3 3.1 3.9 3.1 3.3 3.1 3.4 3.3

Not in labor force

53,649 53,135 53,517 53,978 52,963 52,895 53,367 53,445 53,764

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,450 17,107 17,124 16,450 17,084 17,091 17,099 17,107 17,124

Civilian labor force

5,707 6,061 6,177 5,985 6,116 6,447 6,278 6,283 6,472

Participation rate

34.7 35.4 36.1 36.4 35.8 37.7 36.7 36.7 37.8

Employed

5,107 5,422 5,502 5,331 5,415 5,778 5,565 5,592 5,741

Employment-population ratio

31.0 31.7 32.1 32.4 31.7 33.8 32.5 32.7 33.5

Unemployed

600 638 675 654 700 669 713 691 731

Unemployment rate

10.5 10.5 10.9 10.9 11.5 10.4 11.4 11.0 11.3

Not in labor force

10,743 11,046 10,947 10,465 10,968 10,644 10,821 10,824 10,652

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Nov.
2021
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

202,199 203,522 203,617 202,199 203,229 203,324 203,420 203,522 203,617

Civilian labor force

124,666 126,215 125,707 124,677 125,705 126,172 126,183 126,164 125,812

Participation rate

61.7 62.0 61.7 61.7 61.9 62.1 62.0 62.0 61.8

Employed

120,431 122,490 121,967 120,084 121,822 122,129 122,329 122,078 121,731

Employment-population ratio

59.6 60.2 59.9 59.4 59.9 60.1 60.1 60.0 59.8

Unemployed

4,234 3,725 3,741 4,593 3,884 4,043 3,855 4,087 4,081

Unemployment rate

3.4 3.0 3.0 3.7 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.2

Not in labor force

77,533 77,308 77,910 77,521 77,524 77,152 77,237 77,358 77,805

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

64,941 66,025 65,590 64,973 65,430 65,600 65,940 66,028 65,681

Participation rate

70.0 70.3 69.8 70.0 69.8 69.9 70.3 70.3 69.9

Employed

62,962 64,276 63,771 62,835 63,464 63,553 64,048 64,043 63,703

Employment-population ratio

67.9 68.4 67.9 67.7 67.7 67.7 68.2 68.2 67.8

Unemployed

1,979 1,749 1,819 2,138 1,966 2,048 1,892 1,985 1,978

Unemployment rate

3.0 2.6 2.8 3.3 3.0 3.1 2.9 3.0 3.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

55,310 55,592 55,381 55,069 55,565 55,661 55,351 55,334 55,159

Participation rate

56.8 57.2 57.0 56.6 57.3 57.4 57.0 57.0 56.8

Employed

53,435 54,043 53,910 53,030 54,123 54,125 53,914 53,695 53,549

Employment-population ratio

54.9 55.6 55.5 54.5 55.8 55.8 55.5 55.3 55.1

Unemployed

1,875 1,550 1,471 2,039 1,442 1,535 1,437 1,638 1,610

Unemployment rate

3.4 2.8 2.7 3.7 2.6 2.8 2.6 3.0 2.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

4,415 4,597 4,736 4,635 4,711 4,911 4,892 4,803 4,972

Participation rate

36.6 36.8 37.9 38.4 37.7 39.3 39.1 38.4 39.7

Employed

4,035 4,171 4,286 4,219 4,235 4,451 4,366 4,340 4,479

Employment-population ratio

33.5 33.4 34.3 35.0 33.9 35.6 34.9 34.7 35.8

Unemployed

380 426 450 415 476 460 526 463 493

Unemployment rate

8.6 9.3 9.5 9.0 10.1 9.4 10.8 9.6 9.9

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

33,725 34,237 34,272 33,725 34,138 34,171 34,204 34,237 34,272

Civilian labor force

20,478 21,368 21,354 20,477 21,174 21,123 21,258 21,243 21,365

Participation rate

60.7 62.4 62.3 60.7 62.0 61.8 62.1 62.0 62.3

Employed

19,232 20,124 20,203 19,143 19,907 19,776 20,014 19,984 20,138

Employment-population ratio

57.0 58.8 59.0 56.8 58.3 57.9 58.5 58.4 58.8

Unemployed

1,246 1,244 1,151 1,335 1,268 1,347 1,243 1,259 1,226

Unemployment rate

6.1 5.8 5.4 6.5 6.0 6.4 5.8 5.9 5.7

Not in labor force

13,247 12,869 12,917 13,248 12,964 13,048 12,946 12,994 12,907

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,450 9,836 9,935 9,466 9,764 9,707 9,894 9,779 9,947

Participation rate

66.3 67.6 68.2 66.4 67.3 66.8 68.0 67.2 68.3

Employed

8,823 9,335 9,433 8,787 9,212 9,125 9,321 9,264 9,408

Employment-population ratio

61.9 64.1 64.7 61.6 63.5 62.8 64.1 63.6 64.6

Unemployed

626 500 502 679 552 582 573 514 540

Unemployment rate

6.6 5.1 5.1 7.2 5.7 6.0 5.8 5.3 5.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,352 10,770 10,660 10,301 10,688 10,643 10,636 10,699 10,632

Participation rate

60.6 62.6 62.0 60.3 62.3 62.0 61.9 62.2 61.8

Employed

9,874 10,140 10,133 9,802 10,119 10,018 10,058 10,081 10,077

Employment-population ratio

57.8 59.0 58.9 57.4 59.0 58.4 58.6 58.6 58.6

Unemployed

478 630 527 500 569 625 578 619 555

Unemployment rate

4.6 5.8 4.9 4.9 5.3 5.9 5.4 5.8 5.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

677 762 759 711 722 773 728 765 786

Participation rate

28.4 30.6 30.4 29.8 29.1 31.1 29.3 30.7 31.5

Employed

535 648 637 554 576 634 635 639 654

Employment-population ratio

22.4 26.0 25.5 23.2 23.2 25.5 25.5 25.7 26.2

Unemployed

142 114 122 157 146 140 92 127 132

Unemployment rate

20.9 15.0 16.0 22.0 20.3 18.1 12.7 16.5 16.8

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,513 17,129 16,980 16,513 16,920 16,989 17,132 17,129 16,980

Civilian labor force

10,767 11,100 10,968 10,781 10,980 11,096 11,122 11,124 11,005

Participation rate

65.2 64.8 64.6 65.3 64.9 65.3 64.9 64.9 64.8

Employed

10,365 10,776 10,686 10,362 10,693 10,790 10,848 10,797 10,714

Employment-population ratio

62.8 62.9 62.9 62.8 63.2 63.5 63.3 63.0 63.1

Unemployed

402 323 282 419 287 307 274 327 292

Unemployment rate

3.7 2.9 2.6 3.9 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.9 2.7

Not in labor force

5,746 6,029 6,011 5,731 5,940 5,893 6,009 6,005 5,974

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Nov.
2021
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

45,232 46,459 46,545 45,232 46,200 46,287 46,373 46,459 46,545

Civilian labor force

30,079 30,796 30,694 29,979 30,363 30,918 30,650 30,710 30,572

Participation rate

66.5 66.3 65.9 66.3 65.7 66.8 66.1 66.1 65.7

Employed

28,648 29,595 29,555 28,432 29,170 29,539 29,470 29,434 29,371

Employment-population ratio

63.3 63.7 63.5 62.9 63.1 63.8 63.5 63.4 63.1

Unemployed

1,431 1,202 1,139 1,547 1,193 1,379 1,180 1,277 1,201

Unemployment rate

4.8 3.9 3.7 5.2 3.9 4.5 3.8 4.2 3.9

Not in labor force

15,153 15,663 15,850 15,253 15,837 15,369 15,724 15,749 15,973

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

16,411 16,674 16,530 16,422 16,452 16,625 16,506 16,638 16,501

Participation rate

80.3 79.2 78.4 80.3 78.6 79.3 78.6 79.1 78.3

Employed

15,766 16,068 15,982 15,681 15,870 15,976 15,971 16,004 15,918

Employment-population ratio

77.1 76.3 75.8 76.7 75.8 76.2 76.0 76.0 75.5

Unemployed

645 606 547 741 581 649 535 634 583

Unemployment rate

3.9 3.6 3.3 4.5 3.5 3.9 3.2 3.8 3.5

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

12,296 12,717 12,743 12,170 12,515 12,812 12,778 12,655 12,631

Participation rate

59.4 60.2 60.2 58.7 59.6 60.9 60.6 59.9 59.7

Employed

11,666 12,294 12,301 11,531 12,113 12,264 12,321 12,186 12,175

Employment-population ratio

56.3 58.2 58.2 55.7 57.7 58.3 58.5 57.7 57.6

Unemployed

629 424 442 639 402 547 457 469 457

Unemployment rate

5.1 3.3 3.5 5.3 3.2 4.3 3.6 3.7 3.6

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,373 1,405 1,422 1,387 1,397 1,482 1,365 1,417 1,439

Participation rate

33.7 32.7 33.0 34.1 32.7 34.6 31.8 33.0 33.4

Employed

1,216 1,233 1,272 1,220 1,187 1,299 1,178 1,243 1,278

Employment-population ratio

29.9 28.7 29.5 30.0 27.8 30.3 27.5 28.9 29.7

Unemployed

157 172 150 167 210 183 187 174 161

Unemployment rate

11.4 12.2 10.6 12.1 15.0 12.3 13.7 12.3 11.2

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2021
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

8,915 9,016 8,944 8,791 8,924 8,646 8,992 9,155 8,905

Participation rate

45.8 46.0 45.8 45.1 46.2 45.4 45.7 46.7 45.6

Employed

8,462 8,534 8,603 8,304 8,398 8,110 8,491 8,577 8,509

Employment-population ratio

43.5 43.5 44.0 42.6 43.5 42.5 43.1 43.7 43.6

Unemployed

452 481 341 487 526 536 501 578 395

Unemployment rate

5.1 5.3 3.8 5.5 5.9 6.2 5.6 6.3 4.4

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

35,562 35,243 35,227 35,444 35,386 35,798 35,278 35,038 35,170

Participation rate

55.9 56.2 55.8 55.7 56.1 56.4 56.1 55.9 55.7

Employed

33,831 33,915 33,902 33,615 34,113 34,284 33,973 33,656 33,781

Employment-population ratio

53.2 54.1 53.7 52.9 54.1 54.0 54.1 53.7 53.5

Unemployed

1,731 1,328 1,325 1,829 1,273 1,514 1,306 1,382 1,389

Unemployment rate

4.9 3.8 3.8 5.2 3.6 4.2 3.7 3.9 3.9

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

35,605 36,169 36,113 35,417 35,575 35,586 35,544 35,805 35,890

Participation rate

62.9 63.3 63.3 62.6 62.6 63.0 62.7 62.7 62.9

Employed

34,374 35,132 35,029 34,105 34,563 34,538 34,530 34,731 34,748

Employment-population ratio

60.7 61.5 61.4 60.2 60.8 61.2 60.9 60.8 60.9

Unemployed

1,231 1,037 1,084 1,312 1,012 1,048 1,014 1,074 1,142

Unemployment rate

3.5 2.9 3.0 3.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.2

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

61,484 63,458 63,142 61,317 63,380 63,701 63,610 63,376 63,053

Participation rate

72.2 72.9 72.6 72.0 73.0 73.1 73.0 72.8 72.5

Employed

60,181 62,292 61,944 59,937 62,094 62,519 62,478 62,156 61,792

Employment-population ratio

70.7 71.6 71.3 70.4 71.5 71.7 71.7 71.4 71.1

Unemployed

1,303 1,166 1,198 1,380 1,286 1,182 1,132 1,220 1,261

Unemployment rate

2.1 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

17,950 18,271 16,029 16,238 1,921 2,033

Civilian labor force

8,444 8,709 7,277 7,522 1,167 1,187

Participation rate

47.0 47.7 45.4 46.3 60.8 58.4

Employed

8,117 8,468 6,996 7,302 1,121 1,166

Employment-population ratio

45.2 46.3 43.6 45.0 58.4 57.4

Unemployed

327 241 281 220 46 21

Unemployment rate

3.9 2.8 3.9 2.9 4.0 1.8

Not in labor force

9,506 9,562 8,752 8,716 754 846

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,595 5,026 3,779 4,082 815 944

Civilian labor force

3,633 4,016 3,052 3,298 582 719

Participation rate

79.1 79.9 80.8 80.8 71.3 76.1

Employed

3,476 3,895 2,915 3,190 560 704

Employment-population ratio

75.7 77.5 77.1 78.2 68.7 74.6

Unemployed

158 121 136 107 21 14

Unemployment rate

4.3 3.0 4.5 3.3 3.6 2.0

Not in labor force

961 1,009 727 784 234 225

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,150 3,169 2,661 2,732 490 437

Civilian labor force

2,263 2,178 1,925 1,911 338 268

Participation rate

71.8 68.7 72.3 69.9 69.1 61.2

Employed

2,203 2,134 1,878 1,866 324 268

Employment-population ratio

69.9 67.3 70.6 68.3 66.3 61.2

Unemployed

61 45 47 45 14 0

Unemployment rate

2.7 2.0 2.4 2.3 4.2 0.0

Not in labor force

887 991 736 821 151 170

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

6,297 6,130 6,075 5,886 222 244

Civilian labor force

1,021 911 971 869 50 42

Participation rate

16.2 14.9 16.0 14.8 22.7 17.1

Employed

976 869 930 832 45 37

Employment-population ratio

15.5 14.2 15.3 14.1 20.5 15.2

Unemployed

46 42 41 37 5 5

Unemployment rate

4.5 4.6 4.2 4.2 - -

Not in labor force

5,276 5,219 5,104 5,017 172 202

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,908 3,946 3,514 3,538 394 408

Civilian labor force

1,526 1,604 1,329 1,445 197 159

Participation rate

39.0 40.7 37.8 40.8 50.0 39.1

Employed

1,463 1,570 1,272 1,413 191 157

Employment-population ratio

37.4 39.8 36.2 39.9 48.4 38.6

Unemployed

63 34 56 32 6 2

Unemployment rate

4.1 2.1 4.3 2.2 3.2 1.3

Not in labor force

2,382 2,342 2,185 2,093 197 249

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

234,974 237,100 106,190 108,013 128,784 129,087

Civilian labor force

151,411 153,130 77,439 78,739 73,972 74,390

Participation rate

64.4 64.6 72.9 72.9 57.4 57.6

Employed

145,654 148,117 74,520 76,163 71,134 71,954

Employment-population ratio

62.0 62.5 70.2 70.5 55.2 55.7

Unemployed

5,757 5,013 2,919 2,576 2,838 2,436

Unemployment rate

3.8 3.3 3.8 3.3 3.8 3.3

Not in labor force

83,563 83,970 28,751 29,274 54,812 54,697

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

31,963 32,762 230,066 231,946

Civilian labor force

7,455 7,769 154,644 156,503

Participation rate

23.3 23.7 67.2 67.5

Employed

6,878 7,318 148,919 151,431

Employment-population ratio

21.5 22.3 64.7 65.3

Unemployed

577 451 5,725 5,072

Unemployment rate

7.7 5.8 3.7 3.2

Not in labor force

24,508 24,993 75,422 75,443

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

3,103 3,183 76,582 78,099

Participation rate

39.5 39.3 82.1 82.5

Employed

2,832 2,974 73,727 75,521

Employment-population ratio

36.1 36.7 79.0 79.8

Unemployed

271 209 2,855 2,578

Unemployment rate

8.7 6.6 3.7 3.3

Not in labor force

4,752 4,926 16,724 16,580

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,929 3,161 68,506 68,744

Participation rate

35.9 38.4 71.5 71.5

Employed

2,710 2,988 65,898 66,526

Employment-population ratio

33.3 36.3 68.8 69.2

Unemployed

219 173 2,607 2,218

Unemployment rate

7.5 5.5 3.8 3.2

Not in labor force

5,221 5,078 27,304 27,455

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

1,422 1,425 9,556 9,660

Participation rate

8.9 8.7 23.3 23.5

Employed

1,336 1,356 9,293 9,384

Employment-population ratio

8.4 8.3 22.7 22.8

Unemployed

87 68 263 276

Unemployment rate

6.1 4.8 2.8 2.9

Not in labor force

14,534 14,989 31,394 31,408

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

44,048 46,190 21,519 22,615 22,529 23,576

Civilian labor force

28,895 30,542 16,686 17,480 12,209 13,062

Participation rate

65.6 66.1 77.5 77.3 54.2 55.4

Employed

27,853 29,618 16,139 16,937 11,713 12,681

Employment-population ratio

63.2 64.1 75.0 74.9 52.0 53.8

Unemployed

1,043 924 546 543 496 381

Unemployment rate

3.6 3.0 3.3 3.1 4.1 2.9

Not in labor force

15,152 15,649 4,833 5,135 10,319 10,514

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

217,981 218,517 105,260 106,368 112,721 112,150

Civilian labor force

133,204 133,730 69,107 69,961 64,097 63,769

Participation rate

61.1 61.2 65.7 65.8 56.9 56.9

Employed

127,944 129,131 66,335 67,518 61,609 61,613

Employment-population ratio

58.7 59.1 63.0 63.5 54.7 54.9

Unemployed

5,260 4,599 2,772 2,443 2,487 2,156

Unemployment rate

3.9 3.4 4.0 3.5 3.9 3.4

Not in labor force

84,777 84,787 36,153 36,407 48,624 48,381

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2021
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,194 2,300 2,191 2,212 2,429 2,178 2,178 2,205 2,225

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,429 1,577 1,472 1,434 1,621 1,491 1,474 1,497 1,493

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

727 701 695 744 752 645 696 691 714

Unpaid family workers

38 22 24 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

153,603 156,845 156,558 152,933 156,002 156,931 156,956 156,645 156,236

Wage and salary workers(1)

144,279 147,397 147,532 143,816 146,627 147,397 147,268 147,004 147,299

Government

20,936 21,258 21,189 20,750 21,272 21,220 21,313 21,180 21,022

Private industries

123,343 126,139 126,344 123,416 125,421 126,111 126,494 126,165 126,603

Private households

654 743 671 - - - - - -

Other industries

122,689 125,397 125,673 122,796 124,799 125,441 125,902 125,559 126,028

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,277 9,394 8,979 9,256 8,971 8,985 9,161 9,283 8,971

Unpaid family workers

47 54 46 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

4,163 3,356 3,580 4,266 3,924 4,149 3,843 3,660 3,685

Slack work or business conditions

2,819 2,335 2,463 2,903 2,697 2,769 2,577 2,534 2,545

Could only find part-time work

1,085 817 815 1,059 910 979 952 870 817

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

21,322 21,901 22,062 20,440 21,103 21,044 21,233 21,274 21,197

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

4,121 3,301 3,498 4,244 3,888 4,075 3,763 3,577 3,623

Slack work or business conditions

2,789 2,288 2,415 2,869 2,676 2,727 2,527 2,486 2,495

Could only find part-time work

1,085 813 812 1,056 909 966 952 867 811

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

20,948 21,555 21,671 20,075 20,675 20,710 20,887 20,932 20,819

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2021
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

155,797 159,144 158,749 155,324 158,290 158,732 158,936 158,608 158,470

16 to 19 years

5,107 5,422 5,502 5,331 5,415 5,778 5,565 5,592 5,741

16 to 17 years

2,026 2,193 2,164 2,087 2,076 2,255 2,087 2,189 2,232

18 to 19 years

3,081 3,229 3,338 3,243 3,343 3,485 3,464 3,389 3,504

20 years and over

150,690 153,722 153,247 149,993 152,875 152,953 153,371 153,016 152,729

20 to 24 years

13,842 13,849 13,769 13,824 13,902 13,670 13,755 13,780 13,757

25 years and over

136,848 139,873 139,478 136,065 138,969 139,259 139,598 139,214 138,872

25 to 54 years

100,032 102,028 101,922 99,396 101,686 102,053 102,037 101,548 101,429

25 to 34 years

35,622 35,527 35,304 35,347 35,436 35,555 35,392 35,320 35,074

35 to 44 years

33,354 34,760 34,919 33,174 34,616 34,694 34,618 34,607 34,782

45 to 54 years

31,056 31,742 31,699 30,875 31,634 31,804 32,027 31,621 31,572

55 years and over

36,815 37,844 37,555 36,669 37,283 37,206 37,561 37,666 37,444

Men, 16 years and over

82,474 84,799 84,455 82,432 83,891 84,045 84,587 84,571 84,516

16 to 19 years

2,571 2,705 2,724 2,696 2,726 2,820 2,709 2,779 2,858

16 to 17 years

958 1,010 991 1,017 988 1,036 954 1,027 1,054

18 to 19 years

1,613 1,695 1,734 1,686 1,742 1,761 1,749 1,751 1,810

20 years and over

79,904 82,093 81,731 79,736 81,164 81,225 81,878 81,792 81,657

20 to 24 years

7,074 7,150 7,049 7,100 7,022 6,900 7,038 7,146 7,071

25 years and over

72,830 74,943 74,682 72,535 74,151 74,233 74,762 74,581 74,486

25 to 54 years

53,157 54,379 54,331 52,894 54,190 54,193 54,381 54,130 54,154

25 to 34 years

18,945 18,845 18,655 18,797 18,740 18,767 18,866 18,718 18,544

35 to 44 years

17,899 18,721 18,813 17,845 18,631 18,651 18,579 18,656 18,778

45 to 54 years

16,313 16,813 16,863 16,252 16,819 16,776 16,936 16,756 16,833

55 years and over

19,673 20,564 20,351 19,641 19,961 20,040 20,381 20,450 20,332

Women, 16 years and over

73,323 74,345 74,294 72,892 74,399 74,687 74,349 74,037 73,954

16 to 19 years

2,537 2,717 2,778 2,635 2,689 2,958 2,856 2,813 2,883

16 to 17 years

1,068 1,183 1,173 1,070 1,088 1,219 1,133 1,162 1,178

18 to 19 years

1,469 1,534 1,605 1,557 1,601 1,724 1,715 1,637 1,694

20 years and over

70,786 71,628 71,516 70,257 71,710 71,729 71,493 71,224 71,072

20 to 24 years

6,768 6,699 6,721 6,724 6,880 6,770 6,717 6,635 6,686

25 years and over

64,018 64,929 64,795 63,530 64,818 65,026 64,836 64,633 64,386

25 to 54 years

46,875 47,649 47,591 46,502 47,496 47,860 47,656 47,418 47,274

25 to 34 years

16,677 16,682 16,649 16,550 16,696 16,789 16,526 16,602 16,530

35 to 44 years

15,455 16,039 16,106 15,329 15,986 16,044 16,039 15,951 16,004

45 to 54 years

14,743 14,928 14,836 14,623 14,814 15,028 15,091 14,865 14,740

55 years and over

17,142 17,280 17,204 17,029 17,322 17,165 17,180 17,216 17,112

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

44,274 45,631 46,014 44,209 45,449 45,422 45,912 45,556 45,963

Married women, spouse present(1)

35,700 36,309 36,617 35,328 36,954 36,828 36,615 36,155 36,309

Women who maintain families(2)

9,738 9,629 9,832 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

129,322 132,544 132,154 129,388 132,577 132,335 132,661 132,228 132,320

Part-time workers(4)

26,475 26,600 26,595 25,956 25,824 26,237 26,230 26,394 26,092

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

7,180 7,676 7,782 7,065 7,633 7,747 7,746 7,496 7,661

Percent of total employed

4.6 4.8 4.9 4.5 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.8

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

6,363 6,851 7,028 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

10,004 10,095 9,674 10,000 9,723 9,629 9,858 9,974 9,685

Footnotes
(1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(4) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Nov.
2021
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

6,802 6,059 6,011 4.2 3.5 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.7

16 to 19 years

654 691 731 10.9 11.5 10.4 11.4 11.0 11.3

16 to 17 years

241 240 293 10.4 10.3 9.7 12.4 9.9 11.6

18 to 19 years

425 456 446 11.6 12.1 10.9 10.9 11.9 11.3

20 years and over

6,148 5,368 5,281 3.9 3.1 3.4 3.2 3.4 3.3

20 to 24 years

1,100 1,020 1,011 7.4 6.4 6.9 7.0 6.9 6.8

25 years and over

5,062 4,319 4,259 3.6 2.8 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.0

25 to 54 years

3,872 3,386 3,329 3.7 2.9 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.2

25 to 34 years

1,573 1,457 1,512 4.3 3.5 3.7 3.6 4.0 4.1

35 to 44 years

1,321 1,025 947 3.8 2.7 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.7

45 to 54 years

977 904 870 3.1 2.4 2.7 2.1 2.8 2.7

55 years and over

1,224 962 940 3.2 2.5 2.7 2.4 2.5 2.5

Men, 16 years and over

3,585 3,218 3,245 4.2 3.5 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.7

16 to 19 years

314 384 412 10.4 11.5 11.2 11.2 12.1 12.6

16 to 17 years

127 138 197 11.1 8.7 11.5 13.2 11.8 15.8

18 to 19 years

198 254 222 10.5 12.8 11.2 10.3 12.7 10.9

20 years and over

3,272 2,834 2,834 3.9 3.2 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.4

20 to 24 years

620 550 589 8.0 7.3 8.1 7.9 7.1 7.7

25 years and over

2,677 2,271 2,247 3.6 2.8 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.9

25 to 54 years

2,077 1,771 1,707 3.8 2.9 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.1

25 to 34 years

870 769 796 4.4 3.3 3.7 3.6 3.9 4.1

35 to 44 years

716 502 460 3.9 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.6 2.4

45 to 54 years

492 500 451 2.9 2.5 2.7 2.3 2.9 2.6

55 years and over

599 501 540 3.0 2.5 2.7 2.3 2.4 2.6

Women, 16 years and over

3,217 2,841 2,766 4.2 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.7 3.6

16 to 19 years

340 307 319 11.4 11.4 9.6 11.5 9.8 10.0

16 to 17 years

115 102 96 9.7 11.6 8.2 11.6 8.1 7.5

18 to 19 years

227 202 224 12.7 11.3 10.5 11.6 11.0 11.7

20 years and over

2,876 2,534 2,447 3.9 3.1 3.3 3.1 3.4 3.3

20 to 24 years

480 470 421 6.7 5.4 5.7 5.9 6.6 5.9

25 years and over

2,386 2,047 2,012 3.6 2.8 3.0 2.7 3.1 3.0

25 to 54 years

1,795 1,615 1,622 3.7 2.9 3.1 2.9 3.3 3.3

25 to 34 years

703 688 716 4.1 3.6 3.8 3.5 4.0 4.1

35 to 44 years

606 523 487 3.8 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.0

45 to 54 years

485 404 419 3.2 2.4 2.7 1.8 2.6 2.8

55 years and over

620 446 398 3.5 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.3

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

1,030 891 926 2.3 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.9 2.0

Married women, spouse present(1)

1,012 801 752 2.8 2.1 2.1 1.9 2.2 2.0

Women who maintain families(2)

493 577 507 4.8 4.7 5.1 4.7 5.7 4.9

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

5,713 5,027 4,810 4.2 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.7 3.5

Part-time workers(4)

1,098 1,073 1,202 4.1 4.2 4.1 3.7 3.9 4.4

Footnotes
(1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(4) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2021
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3,079 2,335 2,487 3,369 2,547 2,720 2,495 2,663 2,777

On temporary layoff

673 526 608 875 791 782 758 847 803

Not on temporary layoff

2,406 1,809 1,879 2,493 1,756 1,938 1,737 1,816 1,974

Permanent job losers

1,839 1,260 1,293 1,905 1,166 1,354 1,181 1,241 1,368

Persons who completed temporary jobs

567 549 585 589 589 584 556 576 606

Job leavers

828 887 818 837 842 898 905 862 830

Reentrants

2,010 1,887 1,688 2,154 1,826 1,836 1,840 1,886 1,807

New entrants

385 501 530 452 460 440 447 485 561

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

48.9 41.6 45.0 49.4 44.9 46.2 43.9 45.2 46.5

On temporary layoff

10.7 9.4 11.0 12.8 13.9 13.3 13.3 14.4 13.4

Not on temporary layoff

38.2 32.2 34.0 36.6 30.9 32.9 30.5 30.8 33.0

Job leavers

13.1 15.8 14.8 12.3 14.8 15.2 15.9 14.6 13.9

Reentrants

31.9 33.6 30.6 31.6 32.2 31.2 32.4 32.0 30.2

New entrants

6.1 8.9 9.6 6.6 8.1 7.5 7.9 8.2 9.4

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

1.9 1.4 1.5 2.1 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.7

Job leavers

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Reentrants

1.2 1.1 1.0 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

New entrants

0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2021
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

1,791 2,023 2,051 1,985 2,080 2,223 2,154 2,211 2,243

5 to 14 weeks

1,575 1,696 1,562 1,703 1,772 1,807 1,645 1,783 1,698

15 weeks and over

2,936 1,889 1,910 3,063 1,785 2,022 1,966 1,970 2,033

15 to 26 weeks

805 714 716 870 718 885 899 805 803

27 weeks and over

2,131 1,175 1,194 2,193 1,067 1,137 1,067 1,165 1,230

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

29.6 21.5 22.0 29.1 22.1 22.3 20.2 20.8 21.4

Median duration, in weeks

12.8 8.6 8.7 13.4 8.5 8.5 8.3 8.1 8.4

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

28.4 36.1 37.1 29.4 36.9 36.7 37.4 37.1 37.5

5 to 14 weeks

25.0 30.2 28.3 25.2 31.4 29.9 28.5 29.9 28.4

15 weeks and over

46.6 33.7 34.6 45.4 31.7 33.4 34.1 33.0 34.0

15 to 26 weeks

12.8 12.7 13.0 12.9 12.7 14.6 15.6 13.5 13.4

27 weeks and over

33.8 21.0 21.6 32.5 18.9 18.8 18.5 19.5 20.6

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022

Total, 16 years and over(1)

155,797 158,749 6,302 5,523 3.9 3.4

Management, professional, and related occupations

66,060 69,156 1,308 1,247 1.9 1.8

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

28,334 29,811 629 584 2.2 1.9

Professional and related occupations

37,726 39,345 679 663 1.8 1.7

Service occupations

25,252 25,448 1,506 1,173 5.6 4.4

Sales and office occupations

30,883 29,983 1,232 1,019 3.8 3.3

Sales and related occupations

14,528 14,204 633 487 4.2 3.3

Office and administrative support occupations

16,355 15,779 599 532 3.5 3.3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

13,890 14,148 728 662 5.0 4.5

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

909 906 66 65 6.8 6.7

Construction and extraction occupations

8,250 8,499 518 467 5.9 5.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

4,731 4,744 145 130 3.0 2.7

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

19,712 20,014 1,123 871 5.4 4.2

Production occupations

7,928 8,243 355 254 4.3 3.0

Transportation and material moving occupations

11,785 11,771 768 617 6.1 5.0

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022

Total, 16 years and over(1)

6,302 5,523 3.9 3.4

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

5,032 4,253 3.9 3.3

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

50 19 8.6 3.1

Construction

469 393 4.7 3.9

Manufacturing

478 401 3.1 2.7

Durable goods

296 254 3.0 2.6

Nondurable goods

182 148 3.3 2.7

Wholesale and retail trade

833 666 4.2 3.5

Transportation and utilities

455 360 5.5 4.2

Information

99 57 4.1 2.1

Financial activities

196 200 2.0 1.9

Professional and business services

700 702 3.8 3.7

Education and health services

555 521 2.3 2.1

Leisure and hospitality

988 769 7.5 5.8

Other services

209 165 3.3 2.5

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

79 85 5.4 5.6

Government workers

415 332 1.9 1.5

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

391 323 3.7 3.2

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2017 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2021
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
July
2022
Aug.
2022
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022
Nov.
2022

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

1.8 1.1 1.2 1.9 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

1.9 1.4 1.5 2.1 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.7

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

3.9 3.4 3.4 4.2 3.5 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.7

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

4.2 3.6 3.6 4.5 3.7 3.9 3.8 3.9 3.9

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

4.8 4.3 4.2 5.1 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.6 4.5

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

7.4 6.3 6.4 7.7 6.7 7.0 6.7 6.8 6.7

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2022

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

99,930 100,436 40,986 41,542 58,944 58,894

Persons who currently want a job

5,491 5,211 2,523 2,570 2,968 2,642

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

1,594 1,501 780 751 814 750

Discouraged workers(2)

471 430 288 298 183 133

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,123 1,071 492 453 631 618

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

7,180 7,782 3,535 3,702 3,645 4,080

Percent of total employed

4.6 4.9 4.3 4.4 5.0 5.5

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

3,946 4,507 2,130 2,409 1,816 2,098

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

1,750 1,866 556 599 1,194 1,267

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

333 336 185 191 148 146

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,107 1,017 630 491 477 526

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)
Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)
Change from:
Oct.2022 - Nov.2022(p)

Total nonfarm

150,210 153,204 154,416 154,990 148,652 153,001 153,285 153,548 263

Total private

127,659 130,781 131,688 132,113 126,538 130,661 130,909 131,130 221

Goods-producing

20,699 21,404 21,463 21,409 20,598 21,239 21,286 21,323 37

Mining and logging

587 637 642 641 582 634 636 639 3

Logging

45.4 46.3 45.4 45.8 44.9 45.5 44.5 45.3 0.8

Mining

541.3 590.9 596.6 595.3 536.9 588.7 591.9 593.3 1.4

Oil and gas extraction

122.7 134.6 135.2 135.1 121.1 134.9 135.6 135.7 0.1

Mining, except oil and gas

176.7 182.4 183.1 182.3 175.8 180.3 181.1 181.2 0.1

Coal mining

36.2 37.9 38.2 38.1 36.1 38.1 38.1 38.1 0.0

Metal ore mining

41.9 43.6 43.6 43.5 42.1 43.8 43.8 43.7 -0.1

Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying

98.6 100.9 101.3 100.7 97.6 98.4 99.2 99.3 0.1

Support activities for mining

241.9 273.9 278.3 277.9 240.0 273.5 275.2 276.4 1.2

Construction

7,582 7,877 7,896 7,827 7,502 7,721 7,730 7,750 20

Construction of buildings

1,679.9 1,731.3 1,744.9 1,735.7 1,669.2 1,712.1 1,720.2 1,725.8 5.6

Residential building

881.0 908.0 918.6 906.7 875.0 901.4 905.2 902.6 -2.6

Nonresidential building

798.9 823.3 826.3 829.0 794.2 810.7 815.0 823.2 8.2

Heavy and civil engineering construction

1,075.7 1,125.6 1,124.3 1,100.7 1,052.7 1,075.4 1,073.0 1,078.3 5.3

Specialty trade contractors

4,826.7 5,020.3 5,026.9 4,990.7 4,780.4 4,933.6 4,936.9 4,946.2 9.3

Residential specialty trade contractors

2,226.0 2,304.8 2,309.2 2,300.5 2,206.9 2,274.8 2,277.8 2,284.3 6.5

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,600.7 2,715.5 2,717.7 2,690.2 2,573.5 2,658.8 2,659.1 2,661.9 2.8

Manufacturing

12,530 12,890 12,925 12,941 12,514 12,884 12,920 12,934 14

Durable goods

7,786 8,003 8,032 8,051 7,785 8,012 8,039 8,050 11

Wood products

417.7 429.5 428.7 429.9 416.5 431.1 428.9 430.5 1.6

Nonmetallic mineral products

407.8 420.7 424.2 424.8 405.0 416.3 419.2 421.0 1.8

Primary metals

355.3 364.6 365.7 365.3 355.4 365.9 366.8 365.1 -1.7

Fabricated metal products

1,407.1 1,443.5 1,449.8 1,448.8 1,409.5 1,445.9 1,450.9 1,452.2 1.3

Machinery

1,054.7 1,096.3 1,097.9 1,104.1 1,056.6 1,099.0 1,102.6 1,106.5 3.9

Computer and electronic products

1,064.2 1,087.5 1,092.6 1,095.0 1,065.2 1,089.5 1,093.2 1,095.1 1.9

Computer and peripheral equipment

159.6 164.5 166.7 167.0 159.6 164.5 166.3 166.7 0.4

Communications equipment

84.6 82.4 83.8 83.1 84.8 82.9 84.2 83.4 -0.8

Semiconductors and electronic components

371.0 386.0 387.8 389.2 371.4 387.0 388.5 389.4 0.9

Electronic instruments

418.3 422.5 422.2 423.0 418.9 423.1 422.4 423.3 0.9

Miscellaneous computer and electronic products

30.7 32.1 32.1 32.7 30.5 32.0 31.8 32.3 0.5

Electrical equipment and appliances

400.4 411.1 409.8 407.8 400.4 411.9 410.6 408.2 -2.4

Transportation equipment(1)

1,670.3 1,731.0 1,741.4 1,752.8 1,669.0 1,729.3 1,742.5 1,748.6 6.1

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

986.7 1,024.4 1,028.6 1,036.3 983.4 1,020.1 1,027.6 1,029.5 1.9

Furniture and related products

381.5 379.2 379.9 378.1 381.8 381.1 380.9 379.4 -1.5

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

626.6 639.8 642.1 644.6 625.7 641.5 642.9 643.8 0.9

Nondurable goods

4,744 4,887 4,893 4,890 4,729 4,872 4,881 4,884 3

Food manufacturing

1,662.3 1,720.0 1,717.7 1,719.6 1,654.0 1,708.9 1,709.4 1,712.8 3.4

Textile mills

100.4 100.2 99.3 98.1 100.4 100.0 99.1 98.1 -1.0

Textile product mills

104.7 102.9 102.5 102.7 104.2 103.3 102.6 102.6 0.0

Apparel

94.3 94.0 95.1 96.0 94.4 94.3 95.2 95.8 0.6

Paper and paper products

352.1 358.4 358.9 357.7 351.6 359.1 360.4 358.4 -2.0

Printing and related support activities

376.3 373.8 377.1 377.4 372.3 374.1 375.4 374.2 -1.2

Petroleum and coal products

107.0 107.4 108.1 107.8 106.3 106.0 106.2 107.1 0.9

Chemicals

873.6 904.7 907.7 913.5 875.6 909.4 911.6 916.3 4.7

Plastics and rubber products

733.3 754.3 755.3 750.3 731.9 755.1 755.8 752.6 -3.2

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

339.9 371.0 371.4 367.2 338.0 361.6 364.9 366.1 1.2

Private service-providing

106,960 109,377 110,225 110,704 105,940 109,422 109,623 109,807 184

Trade, transportation, and utilities

28,705 28,589 28,834 29,249 28,084 28,757 28,761 28,712 -49

Wholesale trade

5,741.1 5,902.0 5,923.4 5,914.0 5,731.2 5,903.4 5,912.6 5,909.3 -3.3

Durable goods

3,156.6 3,247.7 3,258.1 3,257.6 3,158.6 3,251.5 3,259.3 3,261.3 2.0

Nondurable goods

2,101.4 2,149.1 2,157.7 2,148.0 2,092.8 2,146.7 2,147.8 2,142.4 -5.4

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

483.1 505.2 507.6 508.4 479.8 505.2 505.5 505.6 0.1

Retail trade

15,926.5 15,657.4 15,819.7 16,076.4 15,556.9 15,799.6 15,797.0 15,767.1 -29.9

Motor vehicle and parts dealers

1,948.0 1,980.1 1,979.6 1,987.8 1,949.2 1,976.5 1,978.5 1,988.6 10.1

Automobile dealers

1,225.2 1,235.4 1,235.4 1,243.7 1,225.9 1,235.6 1,237.4 1,244.3 6.9

Other motor vehicle dealers

166.3 174.0 173.7 170.5 170.5 172.4 173.1 174.3 1.2

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores

556.5 570.7 570.5 573.6 552.7 568.6 568.0 570.0 2.0

Furniture and home furnishings stores

457.4 424.5 429.7 436.1 445.8 431.3 429.1 426.1 -3.0

Electronics and appliance stores

453.3 422.2 420.4 431.3 430.3 424.4 418.0 413.9 -4.1

Building material and garden supply stores

1,355.7 1,378.6 1,375.9 1,368.0 1,386.9 1,392.1 1,394.5 1,397.4 2.9

Food and beverage stores

3,155.7 3,181.3 3,197.2 3,235.5 3,123.2 3,202.9 3,201.6 3,206.1 4.5

Health and personal care stores

1,074.1 1,062.9 1,080.0 1,093.8 1,057.4 1,073.0 1,075.1 1,075.9 0.8

Gasoline stations

951.5 981.0 982.4 978.6 947.9 974.5 977.7 977.0 -0.7

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,119.2 1,069.2 1,092.2 1,137.2 1,062.1 1,084.7 1,090.3 1,085.8 -4.5

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

570.9 519.6 534.6 570.5 537.7 532.1 534.7 536.2 1.5

General merchandise stores

3,333.2 3,136.1 3,200.4 3,301.4 3,142.8 3,198.6 3,186.1 3,153.9 -32.2

Department stores

1,046.7 929.8 955.1 1,010.1 946.1 951.8 942.2 920.4 -21.8

General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters

2,286.5 2,206.3 2,245.3 2,291.3 2,196.7 2,246.8 2,243.9 2,233.6 -10.3

Miscellaneous store retailers

826.2 856.1 864.6 862.4 820.1 861.1 862.4 859.3 -3.1

Nonstore retailers

681.3 645.8 662.7 673.8 653.5 648.4 649.0 646.9 -2.1

Transportation and warehousing

6,498.1 6,488.4 6,546.9 6,714.8 6,257.4 6,511.4 6,508.0 6,492.9 -15.1

Air transportation

509.0 567.2 570.8 573.2 510.1 566.9 570.8 574.9 4.1

Rail transportation

145.7 147.3 147.8 147.8 145.8 147.3 147.6 147.8 0.2

Water transportation

55.3 62.9 61.6 59.7 56.2 61.5 61.2 60.9 -0.3

Truck transportation

1,551.0 1,601.5 1,616.4 1,614.7 1,537.6 1,592.5 1,600.0 1,601.3 1.3

Transit and ground passenger transportation

403.8 424.3 428.7 430.2 386.2 408.8 408.8 412.3 3.5

Pipeline transportation

50.6 47.1 47.4 46.9 50.6 47.3 47.3 46.9 -0.4

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

23.3 34.1 32.3 28.5 26.7 30.3 30.9 30.9 0.0

Support activities for transportation

757.3 789.7 795.8 801.5 746.9 790.0 790.5 791.9 1.4

Couriers and messengers

1,238.5 1,057.7 1,078.7 1,238.4 1,094.6 1,106.5 1,110.8 1,098.4 -12.4

Warehousing and storage

1,763.6 1,756.6 1,767.4 1,773.9 1,702.7 1,760.3 1,740.1 1,727.6 -12.5

Utilities

538.9 541.0 543.5 543.4 538.7 542.5 543.6 543.1 -0.5

Information

2,914 3,041 3,052 3,077 2,904 3,040 3,046 3,065 19

Publishing industries, except Internet

799.4 846.0 839.4 845.2 799.4 845.9 842.6 846.5 3.9

Motion picture and sound recording industries

427.5 431.9 444.3 455.6 422.2 433.7 436.7 445.8 9.1

Broadcasting, except Internet

236.4 234.7 235.0 238.5 234.1 234.4 234.1 235.8 1.7

Telecommunications

659.2 663.4 661.4 659.2 657.0 662.3 661.4 659.1 -2.3

Data processing, hosting and related services

401.9 431.5 432.8 436.1 401.8 430.9 431.2 435.3 4.1

Other information services

389.1 433.2 439.4 442.5 389.3 432.9 439.7 442.3 2.6

Financial activities

8,865 8,969 9,009 9,018 8,849 8,970 8,983 8,997 14

Finance and insurance

6,553.2 6,584.7 6,623.0 6,630.4 6,542.4 6,599.6 6,616.2 6,616.9 0.7

Monetary authorities - central bank

20.8 21.0 21.2 21.3 20.9 21.1 21.2 21.3 0.1

Credit intermediation and related
activities

2,704.4 2,691.2 2,698.4 2,689.6 2,705.5 2,699.0 2,700.6 2,691.8 -8.8

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,728.9 1,740.7 1,748.7 1,756.2 1,732.8 1,747.2 1,753.7 1,758.5 4.8

Commercial banking

1,342.5 1,339.2 1,344.8 1,349.8 1,346.7 1,345.2 1,348.8 1,350.9 2.1

Nondepository credit intermediation

640.6 619.8 622.2 608.6 639.0 620.1 619.3 608.2 -11.1

Activities related to credit intermediation

334.9 330.7 327.5 324.8 333.6 331.7 327.5 325.1 -2.4

Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts

1,014.5 1,043.4 1,054.6 1,062.3 1,011.3 1,045.7 1,050.4 1,056.0 5.6

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,813.5 2,829.1 2,848.8 2,857.2 2,804.7 2,833.8 2,844.0 2,847.8 3.8

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,311.3 2,384.4 2,385.5 2,387.7 2,306.4 2,370.3 2,367.0 2,380.0 13.0

Real estate

1,785.4 1,821.5 1,836.5 1,837.5 1,777.3 1,816.7 1,820.1 1,826.7 6.6

Rental and leasing services

505.4 542.3 528.3 529.5 508.7 533.0 526.3 532.8 6.5

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

20.5 20.6 20.7 20.7 20.4 20.6 20.6 20.5 -0.1

Professional and business services

21,983 22,468 22,707 22,689 21,730 22,427 22,453 22,459 6

Professional and technical services

10,158.5 10,451.4 10,597.7 10,629.1 10,138.7 10,536.0 10,574.8 10,602.7 27.9

Legal services

1,177.2 1,171.0 1,186.9 1,188.6 1,171.8 1,178.8 1,182.4 1,183.2 0.8

Accounting and bookkeeping services

1,043.8 1,063.1 1,084.4 1,094.0 1,071.9 1,117.0 1,121.9 1,121.3 -0.6

Architectural and engineering services

1,584.4 1,660.4 1,673.2 1,672.9 1,580.2 1,656.2 1,662.0 1,667.6 5.6

Specialized design services

149.0 153.5 154.5 155.1 146.6 154.0 153.2 153.1 -0.1

Computer systems design and related services

2,372.9 2,424.6 2,461.0 2,471.9 2,360.2 2,439.8 2,450.5 2,458.6 8.1

Management and technical consulting services

1,711.4 1,769.2 1,803.6 1,809.3 1,695.7 1,776.7 1,782.2 1,792.4 10.2

Scientific research and development services

845.0 887.7 894.3 894.1 844.7 891.2 893.9 894.3 0.4

Advertising and related services

458.0 487.7 493.1 490.6 457.0 489.0 490.9 490.4 -0.5

Other professional and technical services

816.8 834.2 846.7 852.6 810.6 833.3 837.8 841.9 4.1

Management of companies and enterprises

2,351.0 2,389.6 2,394.6 2,401.7 2,349.0 2,393.0 2,396.0 2,399.1 3.1

Administrative and waste services

9,473.4 9,627.2 9,714.3 9,658.5 9,241.8 9,498.2 9,482.4 9,457.2 -25.2

Administrative and support services

9,005.7 9,143.5 9,227.7 9,170.7 8,779.5 9,017.7 9,001.3 8,974.8 -26.5

Office administrative services

563.1 604.6 609.1 609.9 561.7 603.8 606.6 609.7 3.1

Facilities support services

155.6 157.3 158.5 159.0 155.0 157.1 157.3 158.0 0.7

Employment services(1)

3,894.2 3,913.3 3,988.6 3,964.6 3,724.2 3,860.8 3,851.6 3,826.6 -25.0

Temporary help services

3,191.6 3,175.8 3,245.1 3,221.4 3,036.4 3,132.5 3,126.4 3,109.2 -17.2

Business support services

831.2 763.3 766.3 768.5 806.0 765.4 757.6 746.8 -10.8

Travel arrangement and reservation services

143.6 156.6 157.9 158.3 143.6 155.2 156.3 158.0 1.7

Investigation and security services

915.6 940.1 943.1 946.2 909.8 938.1 937.1 938.6 1.5

Services to buildings and dwellings

2,196.2 2,278.7 2,274.2 2,244.8 2,173.6 2,214.7 2,211.9 2,217.2 5.3

Other support services

306.2 329.6 330.0 319.4 305.6 322.7 322.9 320.0 -2.9

Waste management and remediation services

467.7 483.7 486.6 487.8 462.3 480.5 481.1 482.4 1.3

Education and health services

24,155 24,618 24,953 25,088 23,874 24,644 24,724 24,806 82

Educational services

3,867.4 3,847.4 4,004.9 4,034.7 3,683.6 3,842.1 3,847.6 3,861.3 13.7

Health care and social assistance

20,287.5 20,770.2 20,948.4 21,052.8 20,189.9 20,802.3 20,876.1 20,944.2 68.1

Health care(3)

16,147.5 16,521.0 16,630.2 16,701.5 16,079.8 16,524.5 16,579.1 16,623.8 44.7

Ambulatory health care services

8,030.2 8,231.0 8,311.9 8,350.6 7,986.8 8,248.2 8,282.3 8,305.6 23.3

Offices of physicians

2,787.7 2,850.3 2,877.9 2,882.1 2,774.5 2,854.4 2,865.7 2,867.2 1.5

Offices of dentists

1,018.1 1,040.6 1,053.8 1,058.3 1,012.6 1,045.2 1,050.5 1,052.3 1.8

Offices of other health practitioners

1,054.0 1,096.3 1,112.5 1,115.1 1,049.0 1,099.8 1,108.3 1,111.0 2.7

Outpatient care centers

1,008.9 1,031.4 1,034.6 1,044.9 1,006.2 1,032.7 1,034.6 1,041.2 6.6

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

310.5 311.7 310.7 310.3 309.7 313.4 310.2 310.5 0.3

Home health care services

1,538.3 1,578.6 1,595.9 1,608.6 1,522.1 1,580.5 1,586.2 1,592.8 6.6

Other ambulatory health care services

312.7 322.1 326.5 331.3 312.8 322.2 326.9 330.7 3.8

Hospitals

5,140.8 5,244.7 5,255.2 5,275.6 5,125.6 5,236.2 5,246.7 5,257.7 11.0

Nursing and residential care facilities

2,976.5 3,045.3 3,063.1 3,075.3 2,967.4 3,040.1 3,050.1 3,060.5 10.4

Nursing care facilities

1,353.3 1,367.7 1,377.1 1,379.6 1,346.0 1,364.3 1,366.7 1,369.5 2.8

Residential mental health facilities

598.2 616.2 618.8 619.9 597.4 616.0 618.1 618.5 0.4

Community care facilities for the elderly

870.0 904.3 908.6 914.4 869.4 902.1 906.7 912.0 5.3

Other residential care facilities

155.0 157.1 158.6 161.4 154.6 157.8 158.7 160.5 1.8

Social assistance

4,140.0 4,249.2 4,318.2 4,351.3 4,110.1 4,277.8 4,297.0 4,320.4 23.4

Individual and family services

2,742.8 2,821.4 2,861.2 2,884.1 2,728.1 2,840.0 2,850.5 2,867.6 17.1

Emergency and other relief services

196.8 200.4 205.5 207.1 195.7 202.6 206.6 205.9 -0.7

Vocational rehabilitation services

275.7 274.7 277.4 277.9 275.6 275.3 275.5 277.1 1.6

Child day care services

924.7 952.7 974.1 982.2 910.8 959.8 964.4 969.8 5.4

Leisure and hospitality

14,755 15,971 15,918 15,812 14,919 15,855 15,915 16,003 88

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2,061.1 2,378.5 2,309.5 2,239.0 2,155.6 2,326.2 2,331.2 2,341.2 10.0

Performing arts and spectator sports

448.3 526.2 502.9 478.0 438.3 494.5 486.4 479.6 -6.8

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

144.9 163.6 162.9 163.0 145.8 162.1 162.4 164.6 2.2

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,467.9 1,688.7 1,643.7 1,598.0 1,571.5 1,669.6 1,682.4 1,697.0 14.6

Accommodation and food services

12,693.5 13,592.4 13,608.5 13,573.4 12,763.2 13,529.1 13,583.6 13,661.6 78.0

Accommodation

1,551.1 1,757.4 1,742.0 1,704.9 1,599.0 1,728.6 1,746.8 1,762.7 15.9

Food services and drinking places

11,142.4 11,835.0 11,866.5 11,868.5 11,164.2 11,800.5 11,836.8 11,898.9 62.1

Other services

5,583 5,721 5,752 5,771 5,580 5,729 5,741 5,765 24

Repair and maintenance

1,397.6 1,435.2 1,447.4 1,449.9 1,395.7 1,436.5 1,441.7 1,446.4 4.7

Personal and laundry services

1,412.9 1,469.6 1,482.3 1,492.6 1,407.5 1,471.0 1,474.5 1,485.5 11.0

Membership associations and organizations

2,772.8 2,815.7 2,822.1 2,828.8 2,776.9 2,821.5 2,824.3 2,833.2 8.9

Government

22,551 22,423 22,728 22,877 22,114 22,340 22,376 22,418 42

Federal

2,895 2,875 2,878 2,881 2,884 2,867 2,872 2,871 -1

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,276.5 2,280.1 2,279.4 2,281.8 2,275.0 2,268.7 2,272.4 2,277.3 4.9

U.S. Postal Service

618.3 594.8 598.1 599.6 609.2 597.9 599.7 594.0 -5.7

State government

5,401 5,358 5,435 5,467 5,220 5,273 5,273 5,284 11

State government education

2,760.6 2,708.6 2,790.8 2,820.9 2,571.3 2,628.5 2,626.3 2,632.9 6.6

State government, excluding education

2,640.0 2,649.1 2,643.9 2,646.2 2,648.2 2,644.9 2,646.5 2,651.5 5.0

Local government

14,255 14,190 14,415 14,529 14,010 14,200 14,231 14,263 32

Local government education

7,943.1 7,757.0 7,992.8 8,075.5 7,659.0 7,760.4 7,776.0 7,793.7 17.7

Local government, excluding education

6,312.1 6,433.0 6,421.9 6,453.8 6,350.5 6,440.0 6,455.3 6,468.9 13.6

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.8 34.5 34.5 34.4

Goods-producing

40.0 39.9 40.0 39.7

Mining and logging

45.0 46.4 46.4 46.6

Construction

39.0 38.6 38.9 38.4

Manufacturing

40.3 40.3 40.4 40.2

Durable goods

40.5 40.7 40.8 40.4

Nondurable goods

40.0 39.7 39.7 39.7

Private service-providing

33.7 33.5 33.4 33.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.5 34.0 34.1 34.1

Wholesale trade

39.2 38.9 38.9 39.0

Retail trade

31.1 30.1 30.2 30.2

Transportation and warehousing

38.2 38.4 38.5 38.3

Utilities

41.7 42.1 42.7 42.0

Information

36.8 36.6 36.5 36.2

Financial activities

37.4 37.4 37.4 37.2

Professional and business services

36.7 36.8 36.7 36.5

Education and health services

33.4 33.4 33.3 33.3

Leisure and hospitality

26.2 25.7 25.5 25.5

Other services

32.3 32.3 32.2 32.0

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.3 3.2 3.2 3.1

Durable goods

3.2 3.3 3.3 3.2

Nondurable goods

3.4 3.0 3.0 2.9

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)
Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)

Total private

$31.23 $32.49 $32.64 $32.82 $1,086.80 $1,120.91 $1,126.08 $1,129.01

Goods-producing

31.55 32.71 32.88 32.94 1,262.00 1,305.13 1,315.20 1,307.72

Mining and logging

35.58 36.65 36.56 36.79 1,601.10 1,700.56 1,696.38 1,714.41

Construction

33.44 35.06 35.26 35.37 1,304.16 1,353.32 1,371.61 1,358.21

Manufacturing

30.24 31.14 31.29 31.32 1,218.67 1,254.94 1,264.12 1,259.06

Durable goods

31.79 32.74 32.90 32.90 1,287.50 1,332.52 1,342.32 1,329.16

Nondurable goods

27.66 28.44 28.58 28.67 1,106.40 1,129.07 1,134.63 1,138.20

Private service-providing

31.16 32.43 32.59 32.80 1,050.09 1,086.41 1,088.51 1,095.52

Trade, transportation, and utilities

26.79 27.95 28.18 28.49 924.26 950.30 960.94 971.51

Wholesale trade

34.19 35.30 35.64 35.78 1,340.25 1,373.17 1,386.40 1,395.42

Retail trade

22.33 23.10 23.28 23.48 694.46 695.31 703.06 709.10

Transportation and warehousing

27.13 28.60 28.80 29.52 1,036.37 1,098.24 1,108.80 1,130.62

Utilities

45.33 47.82 48.21 48.01 1,890.26 2,013.22 2,058.57 2,016.42

Information

44.57 47.69 47.70 48.44 1,640.18 1,745.45 1,741.05 1,753.53

Financial activities

40.70 42.06 42.06 42.21 1,522.18 1,573.04 1,573.04 1,570.21

Professional and business services

37.48 39.02 39.25 39.50 1,375.52 1,435.94 1,440.48 1,441.75

Education and health services

30.88 31.98 32.08 32.24 1,031.39 1,068.13 1,068.26 1,073.59

Leisure and hospitality

19.28 20.32 20.41 20.51 505.14 522.22 520.46 523.01

Other services

28.29 28.83 28.99 29.09 913.77 931.21 933.48 930.88

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)
Percent change from:
Oct.
2022 - Nov.
2022(p)
Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)
Percent change from:
Oct.
2022 - Nov.
2022(p)

Total private

110.5 113.2 113.4 113.2 -0.2 165.1 175.8 176.9 177.7 0.5

Goods-producing

93.9 96.5 97.0 96.4 -0.6 133.9 142.7 144.2 143.6 -0.4

Mining and logging

82.3 92.4 92.7 93.6 1.0 117.6 136.0 136.1 138.2 1.5

Construction

100.9 102.7 103.7 102.6 -1.1 146.5 156.5 158.8 157.7 -0.7

Manufacturing

90.7 93.4 93.9 93.5 -0.4 127.6 135.3 136.6 136.2 -0.3

Durable goods

88.8 91.8 92.3 91.6 -0.8 125.3 133.5 134.9 133.8 -0.8

Nondurable goods

94.4 96.5 96.7 96.8 0.1 132.5 139.3 140.3 140.8 0.4

Private service-providing

114.9 118.0 117.9 118.1 0.2 174.1 186.0 186.7 188.2 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

105.7 106.7 107.0 106.8 -0.2 152.7 160.8 162.6 164.1 0.9

Wholesale trade

99.1 101.3 101.5 101.7 0.2 141.7 149.6 151.2 152.1 0.6

Retail trade

98.2 96.6 96.9 96.7 -0.2 145.0 147.4 149.0 150.0 0.7

Transportation and warehousing

137.3 143.7 144.0 142.9 -0.8 189.6 209.0 210.9 214.6 1.8

Utilities

97.2 98.8 100.4 98.7 -1.7 145.6 156.1 160.0 156.5 -2.2

Information

97.6 101.6 101.5 101.3 -0.2 154.9 172.5 172.4 174.8 1.4

Financial activities

108.4 109.9 110.1 109.7 -0.4 172.1 180.3 180.6 180.6 0.0

Professional and business services

125.0 129.4 129.2 128.5 -0.5 189.8 204.5 205.3 205.6 0.1

Education and health services

130.2 134.4 134.4 134.9 0.4 193.4 206.8 207.5 209.2 0.8

Leisure and hospitality

111.5 116.3 115.8 116.4 0.5 173.5 190.6 190.7 192.7 1.0

Other services

103.9 106.7 106.6 106.4 -0.2 161.1 168.6 169.4 169.6 0.1

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)
Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)

Total nonfarm

74,037 76,306 76,463 76,625 49.8 49.9 49.9 49.9

Total private

61,250 63,310 63,441 63,584 48.4 48.5 48.5 48.5

Goods-producing

4,703 4,908 4,925 4,947 22.8 23.1 23.1 23.2

Mining and logging

76 84 84 85 13.1 13.2 13.2 13.3

Construction

1,037 1,086 1,086 1,094 13.8 14.1 14.0 14.1

Manufacturing

3,590 3,738 3,755 3,768 28.7 29.0 29.1 29.1

Durable goods

1,906 1,997 2,006 2,015 24.5 24.9 25.0 25.0

Nondurable goods

1,684 1,741 1,749 1,753 35.6 35.7 35.8 35.9

Private service-providing

56,547 58,402 58,516 58,637 53.4 53.4 53.4 53.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

11,104 11,428 11,413 11,365 39.5 39.7 39.7 39.6

Wholesale trade

1,728.0 1,799.7 1,799.8 1,789.6 30.2 30.5 30.4 30.3

Retail trade

7,597.2 7,726.3 7,714.3 7,678.1 48.8 48.9 48.8 48.7

Transportation and warehousing

1,643.7 1,763.6 1,759.3 1,758.4 26.3 27.1 27.0 27.1

Utilities

135.4 138.3 139.2 138.5 25.1 25.5 25.6 25.5

Information

1,150 1,230 1,234 1,236 39.6 40.5 40.5 40.3

Financial activities

4,946 4,994 5,006 5,012 55.9 55.7 55.7 55.7

Professional and business services

10,072 10,318 10,330 10,352 46.4 46.0 46.0 46.1

Education and health services

18,405 19,008 19,062 19,124 77.1 77.1 77.1 77.1

Leisure and hospitality

7,918 8,378 8,419 8,475 53.1 52.8 52.9 53.0

Other services

2,952 3,046 3,052 3,073 52.9 53.2 53.2 53.3

Government

12,787 12,996 13,022 13,041 57.8 58.2 58.2 58.2

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)

Total private

103,155 106,499 106,705 106,880

Goods-producing

14,729 15,240 15,281 15,292

Mining and logging

435 473 473 473

Construction

5,563 5,707 5,722 5,729

Manufacturing

8,731 9,060 9,086 9,090

Durable goods

5,352 5,564 5,584 5,600

Nondurable goods

3,379 3,496 3,502 3,490

Private service-providing

88,426 91,259 91,424 91,588

Trade, transportation, and utilities

23,738 24,268 24,267 24,231

Wholesale trade

4,562.2 4,686.4 4,701.5 4,693.4

Retail trade

13,253.3 13,462.4 13,445.2 13,405.4

Transportation and warehousing

5,493.0 5,687.4 5,687.2 5,698.3

Utilities

429.5 431.5 433.3 434.0

Information

2,308 2,423 2,420 2,440

Financial activities

6,652 6,759 6,775 6,789

Professional and business services

17,462 17,913 17,907 17,893

Education and health services

20,809 21,433 21,491 21,558

Leisure and hospitality

12,936 13,794 13,887 13,987

Other services

4,521 4,669 4,677 4,690

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.2 34.0 34.0 33.9

Goods-producing

40.9 40.7 40.7 40.5

Mining and logging

47.0 48.0 47.8 47.7

Construction

39.7 39.5 39.7 39.1

Manufacturing

41.4 41.1 41.0 40.9

Durable goods

41.5 41.4 41.4 41.3

Nondurable goods

41.4 40.5 40.4 40.4

Private service-providing

33.0 32.9 32.8 32.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.2 33.9 33.9 33.9

Wholesale trade

39.1 39.0 38.9 39.0

Retail trade

30.7 30.3 30.3 30.3

Transportation and warehousing

38.1 37.8 37.8 37.7

Utilities

41.7 42.1 42.6 42.4

Information

36.5 36.1 36.1 36.0

Financial activities

37.3 37.2 37.1 37.0

Professional and business services

36.4 36.4 36.4 36.3

Education and health services

32.5 32.6 32.6 32.6

Leisure and hospitality

25.0 24.6 24.5 24.5

Other services

31.4 31.2 31.3 31.1

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.1 3.9 3.9 3.8

Durable goods

4.1 4.0 4.1 3.9

Nondurable goods

4.0 3.7 3.5 3.6

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)
Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)

Total private

$26.55 $27.78 $27.91 $28.10 $908.01 $944.52 $948.94 $952.59

Goods-producing

26.99 28.27 28.41 28.51 1,103.89 1,150.59 1,156.29 1,154.66

Mining and logging

31.74 33.07 33.09 33.01 1,491.78 1,587.36 1,581.70 1,574.58

Construction

31.04 32.78 32.91 32.94 1,232.29 1,294.81 1,306.53 1,287.95

Manufacturing

24.24 25.25 25.38 25.57 1,003.54 1,037.78 1,040.58 1,045.81

Durable goods

25.32 26.42 26.62 26.88 1,050.78 1,093.79 1,102.07 1,110.14

Nondurable goods

22.53 23.35 23.37 23.40 932.74 945.68 944.15 945.36

Private service-providing

26.46 27.67 27.81 28.02 873.18 910.34 912.17 919.06

Trade, transportation, and utilities

23.05 24.24 24.42 24.78 788.31 821.74 827.84 840.04

Wholesale trade

28.26 29.59 29.79 29.94 1,104.97 1,154.01 1,158.83 1,167.66

Retail trade

18.99 19.70 19.84 19.96 582.99 596.91 601.15 604.79

Transportation and warehousing

25.03 26.77 26.93 27.95 953.64 1,011.91 1,017.95 1,053.72

Utilities

40.38 42.29 42.88 42.74 1,683.85 1,780.41 1,826.69 1,812.18

Information

36.87 38.93 38.92 39.33 1,345.76 1,405.37 1,405.01 1,415.88

Financial activities

30.90 32.56 32.64 32.77 1,152.57 1,211.23 1,210.94 1,212.49

Professional and business services

31.46 32.75 32.94 33.12 1,145.14 1,192.10 1,199.02 1,202.26

Education and health services

27.97 29.13 29.26 29.40 909.03 949.64 953.88 958.44

Leisure and hospitality

16.95 17.99 18.09 18.21 423.75 442.55 443.21 446.15

Other services

24.19 24.76 24.78 24.96 759.57 772.51 775.61 776.26

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)
Percent change from:
Oct.
2022 - Nov.
2022(p)
Nov.
2021
Sept.
2022
Oct.
2022(p)
Nov.
2022(p)
Percent change from:
Oct.
2022 - Nov.
2022(p)

Total private

117.6 120.7 120.9 120.7 -0.2 208.6 224.0 225.5 226.8 0.6

Goods-producing

92.1 94.8 95.0 94.6 -0.4 152.1 164.1 165.3 165.2 -0.1

Mining and logging

108.6 120.7 120.1 119.9 -0.2 200.6 232.0 231.2 230.2 -0.4

Construction

110.6 112.9 113.7 112.2 -1.3 185.3 199.8 202.1 199.5 -1.3

Manufacturing

83.0 85.5 85.5 85.3 -0.2 131.5 141.2 141.9 142.7 0.6

Durable goods

83.4 86.5 86.8 86.9 0.1 131.9 142.7 144.3 145.8 1.0

Nondurable goods

82.4 83.4 83.4 83.1 -0.4 131.2 137.6 137.7 137.4 -0.2

Private service-providing

124.3 127.9 127.8 128.0 0.2 225.6 242.8 243.7 246.0 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

113.5 115.0 115.0 114.9 -0.1 187.0 199.3 200.8 203.4 1.3

Wholesale trade

105.9 108.5 108.5 108.6 0.1 176.6 189.4 190.8 192.0 0.6

Retail trade

103.0 103.2 103.1 102.8 -0.3 167.6 174.3 175.3 175.8 0.3

Transportation and warehousing

158.4 162.7 162.7 162.6 -0.1 252.3 277.2 278.9 289.2 3.7

Utilities

91.6 92.9 94.4 94.1 -0.3 154.4 164.0 169.0 167.9 -0.7

Information

96.2 99.8 99.7 100.3 0.6 175.5 192.4 192.1 195.2 1.6

Financial activities

116.8 118.3 118.3 118.2 -0.1 222.0 237.1 237.6 238.4 0.3

Professional and business services

142.1 145.8 145.7 145.2 -0.3 265.9 283.9 285.5 286.0 0.2

Education and health services

144.2 149.0 149.4 149.8 0.3 266.2 286.4 288.5 290.8 0.8

Leisure and hospitality

118.5 124.3 124.6 125.5 0.7 228.0 253.9 256.0 259.6 1.4

Other services

99.6 102.2 102.7 102.3 -0.4 175.5 184.3 185.4 186.0 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Last Modified Date: December 02, 2022