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Economic News Release
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CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                  USDL-17-1616
8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, December 8, 2017

Technical information:
 Household data:       (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:   (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                         THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- NOVEMBER 2017


Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 228,000 in November, and the unemployment 
rate was unchanged at 4.1 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. 
Employment continued to trend up in professional and business services, manufacturing, 
and health care.

Household Survey Data

The unemployment rate held at 4.1 percent in November, and the number of unemployed 
persons was essentially unchanged at 6.6 million. Over the year, the unemployment rate 
and the number of unemployed persons were down by 0.5 percentage point and 799,000, 
respectively. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for teenagers increased to 15.9 
percent in November. The jobless rates for adult men (3.7 percent), adult women (3.7 
percent), Whites (3.6 percent), Blacks (7.3 percent), Asians (3.0 percent), and Hispanics 
(4.7 percent) showed little change. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was essentially 
unchanged at 1.6 million in November and accounted for 23.8 percent of the unemployed. 
Over the year, the number of long-term unemployed was down by 275,000. (See table A-12.)

The labor force participation rate remained at 62.7 percent in November and has shown no 
clear trend over the past 12 months. The employment-population ratio, at 60.1 percent, 
changed little in November and has shown little movement, on net, since early this year. 
(See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as 
involuntary part-time workers), at 4.8 million, was essentially unchanged in November but 
was down by 858,000 over the year. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time 
employment, were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they 
were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-8.)

In November, 1.5 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, down by 
451,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals 
were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job 
sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not 
searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 469,000 discouraged workers in November, down by 
122,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers 
are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for 
them. The remaining 1.0 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in November 
had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. 
(See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 228,000 in November. Employment continued to 
trend up in professional and business services, manufacturing, and health care. Employment 
growth has averaged 174,000 per month thus far this year, compared with an average monthly 
gain of 187,000 in 2016. (See table B-1.)

Employment in professional and business services continued on an upward trend in November 
(+46,000). Over the past 12 months, the industry has added 548,000 jobs. 

In November, manufacturing added 31,000 jobs. Within the industry, employment rose in 
machinery (+8,000), fabricated metal products (+7,000), computer and electronic products 
(+4,000), and plastics and rubber products (+4,000). Since a recent low in November 2016, 
manufacturing employment has increased by 189,000.

Health care added 30,000 jobs in November. Most of the gain occurred in ambulatory health 
care services (+25,000), which includes offices of physicians and outpatient care centers. 
Monthly employment growth in health care has averaged 24,000 thus far in 2017, compared 
with an average increase of 32,000 per month in 2016. 

Within construction, employment among specialty trade contractors increased by 23,000 in 
November and by 132,000 over the year.  

Employment in other major industries, including mining, wholesale trade, retail trade, 
transportation and warehousing, information, financial activities, leisure and hospitality, 
and government, changed little over the month. 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour 
to 34.5 hours in November. In manufacturing, the workweek was unchanged at 40.9 hours, and 
overtime remained at 3.5 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory 
employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.7 hours. (See tables B-2 and 
B-7.)

In November, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose 
by 5 cents to $26.55. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 64 cents, or 
2.5 percent. Average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory 
employees rose by 5 cents to $22.24 in November. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for September was revised up from +18,000 
to +38,000, and the change for October was revised down from +261,000 to +244,000. With 
these revisions, employment gains in September and October combined were 3,000 more than 
previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from 
businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates and from the 
recalculation of seasonal factors.) After revisions, job gains have averaged 170,000 over 
the last 3 months. 

_____________
The Employment Situation for December is scheduled to be released on Friday, January 5, 
2018, at 8:30 a.m. (EST).


    ______________________________________________________________________________________
   |                                                                                      |
   |               Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data                  |
   |                                                                                      |
   | In accordance with usual practice, The Employment Situation news release for December|
   | 2017, scheduled for January 5, 2018, will incorporate annual revisions in seasonally |
   | adjusted household survey data. Seasonally adjusted data for the most recent 5       |
   | years are subject to revision.                                                       |
   |______________________________________________________________________________________|


    ______________________________________________________________________________________
   |                                                                                      |
   |        Conversion to the 2017 North American Industry Classification System          |
   |                                                                                      |
   | With the release of January 2018 data on February 2, 2018, the establishment survey  |
   | will revise the basis for industry classification from the 2012 North American       |
   | Industry Classification System (NAICS) to 2017 NAICS. The conversion to 2017 NAICS   |
   | will result in minor revisions reflecting content changes within the mining and      |
   | logging, retail trade, information, financial activities, and professional and       |
   | business services sectors. Additionally, some smaller industries will be combined    |
   | within the mining and logging, durable goods manufacturing, retail trade, and        |
   | information sectors. Several industry titles and descriptions also will be updated.  |
   |                                                                                      |
   | Approximately 4 percent of employment will be reclassified into different industries |
   | as a result of the revision. Details of new, discontinued, and combined industries   |
   | due to the 2017 NAICS update, as well as changes due to the annual benchmarking      |
   | process, will be available on January 5, 2018.                                       |
   |                                                                                      |
   | For more information on the 2017 NAICS update, visit www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/.  |
   |______________________________________________________________________________________|




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Change from:
Oct.
2017-
Nov.
2017

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

254,540 255,562 255,766 255,949 183

Civilian labor force

159,456 161,146 160,381 160,529 148

Participation rate

62.6 63.1 62.7 62.7 0.0

Employed

152,048 154,345 153,861 153,918 57

Employment-population ratio

59.7 60.4 60.2 60.1 -0.1

Unemployed

7,409 6,801 6,520 6,610 90

Unemployment rate

4.6 4.2 4.1 4.1 0.0

Not in labor force

95,084 94,417 95,385 95,420 35

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

4.6 4.2 4.1 4.1 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over)

4.3 3.9 3.8 3.7 -0.1

Adult women (20 years and over)

4.2 3.9 3.6 3.7 0.1

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

15.2 12.9 13.7 15.9 2.2

White

4.2 3.7 3.5 3.6 0.1

Black or African American

8.0 7.0 7.5 7.3 -0.2

Asian

3.0 3.7 3.1 3.0 -0.1

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

5.7 5.1 4.8 4.7 -0.1

Total, 25 years and over

3.9 3.5 3.3 3.3 0.0

Less than a high school diploma

7.9 6.5 5.7 5.2 -0.5

High school graduates, no college

4.9 4.3 4.3 4.3 0.0

Some college or associate degree

3.9 3.6 3.7 3.6 -0.1

Bachelor's degree and higher

2.3 2.3 2.0 2.1 0.1

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3,542 3,359 3,227 3,159 -68

Job leavers

934 738 742 751 9

Reentrants

2,266 2,079 2,006 2,029 23

New entrants

728 669 629 691 62

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,415 2,226 2,129 2,250 121

5 to 14 weeks

2,133 1,874 1,942 1,878 -64

15 to 26 weeks

1,073 963 853 927 74

27 weeks and over

1,856 1,733 1,621 1,581 -40

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

5,659 5,122 4,753 4,801 48

Slack work or business conditions

3,485 3,121 2,952 2,983 31

Could only find part-time work

1,902 1,733 1,629 1,559 -70

Part time for noneconomic reasons

21,059 21,011 20,923 21,018 95

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force

1,932 1,569 1,535 1,481 -

Discouraged workers

591 421 524 469 -

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

164 38 244 228

Total private

178 50 247 221

Goods-producing

35 26 34 62

Mining and logging

7 4 1 7

Construction

28 13 10 24

Manufacturing

0 9 23 31

Durable goods(1)

3 6 13 27

Motor vehicles and parts

1.4 -3.1 -0.8 1.7

Nondurable goods

-3 3 10 4

Private service-providing

143 24 213 159

Wholesale trade

5.6 7.3 8.0 3.4

Retail trade

-12.9 11.7 -2.2 18.7

Transportation and warehousing

21.8 18.3 7.6 10.5

Utilities

0.3 0.6 0.1 -0.2

Information

-12 -5 -8 -4

Financial activities

12 12 7 8

Professional and business services(1)

46 30 54 46

Temporary help services

25.5 10.1 17.9 18.3

Education and health services(1)

31 23 24 54

Health care and social assistance

28.2 8.3 34.6 40.5

Leisure and hospitality

44 -75 104 14

Other services

7 1 18 9

Government

-14 -12 -3 7

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

179 128 163 170

Total private

178 122 160 173

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)

Total nonfarm women employees

49.6 49.5 49.5 49.5

Total private women employees

48.2 48.1 48.1 48.1

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.3 82.4 82.4 82.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.3 34.4 34.4 34.5

Average hourly earnings

$25.91 $26.53 $26.50 $26.55

Average weekly earnings

$888.71 $912.63 $911.60 $915.98

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

105.8 107.4 107.7 108.2

Over-the-month percent change

-0.1 0.0 0.3 0.5

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

131.0 136.3 136.4 137.3

Over-the-month percent change

-0.2 0.5 0.1 0.7

DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)(5)

Total private (261 industries)

51.5 60.9 65.1 63.0

Manufacturing (78 industries)

48.7 59.0 62.2 59.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 147,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 634,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at https://www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at https://www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 120,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-70,000 to +170,000 (50,000 +/- 120,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Nov.
2016
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

254,540 255,766 255,949 254,540 255,151 255,357 255,562 255,766 255,949

Civilian labor force

159,451 160,465 160,466 159,456 160,494 160,571 161,146 160,381 160,529

Participation rate

62.6 62.7 62.7 62.6 62.9 62.9 63.1 62.7 62.7

Employed

152,385 154,223 154,180 152,048 153,513 153,439 154,345 153,861 153,918

Employment-population ratio

59.9 60.3 60.2 59.7 60.2 60.1 60.4 60.2 60.1

Unemployed

7,066 6,242 6,286 7,409 6,981 7,132 6,801 6,520 6,610

Unemployment rate

4.4 3.9 3.9 4.6 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.1

Not in labor force

95,089 95,301 95,483 95,084 94,657 94,785 94,417 95,385 95,420

Persons who currently want a job

5,524 4,938 4,877 5,837 5,420 5,844 5,628 5,185 5,238

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

122,998 123,617 123,707 122,998 123,311 123,413 123,516 123,617 123,707

Civilian labor force

84,628 85,236 84,943 84,860 84,989 85,137 85,520 85,230 85,170

Participation rate

68.8 69.0 68.7 69.0 68.9 69.0 69.2 68.9 68.8

Employed

80,763 81,875 81,535 80,826 81,273 81,310 81,883 81,659 81,630

Employment-population ratio

65.7 66.2 65.9 65.7 65.9 65.9 66.3 66.1 66.0

Unemployed

3,865 3,362 3,408 4,034 3,715 3,826 3,636 3,570 3,541

Unemployment rate

4.6 3.9 4.0 4.8 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.2 4.2

Not in labor force

38,370 38,380 38,764 38,139 38,323 38,277 37,996 38,387 38,537

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

114,506 115,120 115,212 114,506 114,817 114,918 115,020 115,120 115,212

Civilian labor force

81,751 82,455 82,257 81,817 82,108 82,252 82,569 82,340 82,310

Participation rate

71.4 71.6 71.4 71.5 71.5 71.6 71.8 71.5 71.4

Employed

78,405 79,530 79,349 78,330 78,830 78,847 79,377 79,231 79,277

Employment-population ratio

68.5 69.1 68.9 68.4 68.7 68.6 69.0 68.8 68.8

Unemployed

3,347 2,925 2,909 3,486 3,278 3,405 3,192 3,109 3,033

Unemployment rate

4.1 3.5 3.5 4.3 4.0 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.7

Not in labor force

32,755 32,665 32,954 32,690 32,709 32,666 32,451 32,781 32,902

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

131,542 132,149 132,242 131,542 131,840 131,943 132,047 132,149 132,242

Civilian labor force

74,823 75,228 75,523 74,597 75,505 75,435 75,626 75,152 75,358

Participation rate

56.9 56.9 57.1 56.7 57.3 57.2 57.3 56.9 57.0

Employed

71,622 72,348 72,645 71,222 72,240 72,129 72,461 72,202 72,289

Employment-population ratio

54.4 54.7 54.9 54.1 54.8 54.7 54.9 54.6 54.7

Unemployed

3,201 2,880 2,877 3,375 3,265 3,306 3,165 2,950 3,069

Unemployment rate

4.3 3.8 3.8 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.2 3.9 4.1

Not in labor force

56,719 56,921 56,719 56,945 56,334 56,509 56,421 56,998 56,884

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

123,285 123,882 123,975 123,285 123,577 123,679 123,781 123,882 123,975

Civilian labor force

72,109 72,443 72,673 71,737 72,526 72,425 72,569 72,206 72,346

Participation rate

58.5 58.5 58.6 58.2 58.7 58.6 58.6 58.3 58.4

Employed

69,203 69,872 70,163 68,712 69,599 69,500 69,737 69,592 69,700

Employment-population ratio

56.1 56.4 56.6 55.7 56.3 56.2 56.3 56.2 56.2

Unemployed

2,906 2,571 2,509 3,025 2,927 2,925 2,831 2,615 2,646

Unemployment rate

4.0 3.5 3.5 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.6 3.7

Not in labor force

51,176 51,440 51,302 51,548 51,051 51,254 51,212 51,676 51,629

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,749 16,763 16,762 16,749 16,757 16,759 16,761 16,763 16,762

Civilian labor force

5,591 5,567 5,536 5,903 5,860 5,895 6,008 5,836 5,873

Participation rate

33.4 33.2 33.0 35.2 35.0 35.2 35.8 34.8 35.0

Employed

4,778 4,821 4,668 5,006 5,084 5,092 5,230 5,039 4,942

Employment-population ratio

28.5 28.8 27.8 29.9 30.3 30.4 31.2 30.1 29.5

Unemployed

814 746 868 897 775 803 778 797 931

Unemployment rate

14.6 13.4 15.7 15.2 13.2 13.6 12.9 13.7 15.9

Not in labor force

11,158 11,196 11,226 10,846 10,898 10,865 10,753 10,928 10,889

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Nov.
2016
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

198,745 199,298 199,386 198,745 198,974 199,082 199,191 199,298 199,386

Civilian labor force

124,549 124,777 124,966 124,578 124,968 125,037 125,393 124,731 125,020

Participation rate

62.7 62.6 62.7 62.7 62.8 62.8 63.0 62.6 62.7

Employed

119,680 120,692 120,749 119,370 120,262 120,209 120,753 120,408 120,511

Employment-population ratio

60.2 60.6 60.6 60.1 60.4 60.4 60.6 60.4 60.4

Unemployed

4,869 4,085 4,217 5,208 4,706 4,828 4,641 4,324 4,509

Unemployment rate

3.9 3.3 3.4 4.2 3.8 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.6

Not in labor force

74,197 74,520 74,420 74,168 74,006 74,046 73,797 74,567 74,366

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

65,096 65,318 65,297 65,124 65,141 65,262 65,339 65,216 65,327

Participation rate

71.7 71.7 71.6 71.7 71.6 71.7 71.7 71.6 71.7

Employed

62,716 63,380 63,327 62,608 62,904 62,961 63,143 63,121 63,252

Employment-population ratio

69.0 69.6 69.5 68.9 69.2 69.2 69.3 69.3 69.4

Unemployed

2,380 1,937 1,971 2,516 2,238 2,301 2,196 2,095 2,075

Unemployment rate

3.7 3.0 3.0 3.9 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.2

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

55,065 55,149 55,365 54,808 55,393 55,282 55,476 55,009 55,129

Participation rate

57.6 57.5 57.7 57.4 57.9 57.7 57.9 57.4 57.5

Employed

53,168 53,515 53,729 52,783 53,420 53,286 53,551 53,318 53,368

Employment-population ratio

55.6 55.8 56.0 55.2 55.8 55.7 55.9 55.6 55.7

Unemployed

1,897 1,635 1,635 2,026 1,973 1,996 1,925 1,691 1,761

Unemployment rate

3.4 3.0 3.0 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.1 3.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

4,388 4,310 4,304 4,645 4,433 4,492 4,578 4,506 4,564

Participation rate

35.5 34.9 34.9 37.6 35.9 36.4 37.1 36.5 37.0

Employed

3,796 3,798 3,693 3,979 3,938 3,962 4,058 3,968 3,891

Employment-population ratio

30.7 30.8 29.9 32.2 31.9 32.1 32.9 32.2 31.5

Unemployed

593 513 611 666 495 530 520 538 673

Unemployment rate

13.5 11.9 14.2 14.3 11.2 11.8 11.4 11.9 14.8

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

32,068 32,370 32,404 32,068 32,260 32,296 32,333 32,370 32,404

Civilian labor force

19,916 20,264 20,218 19,856 20,096 20,092 20,232 20,144 20,168

Participation rate

62.1 62.6 62.4 61.9 62.3 62.2 62.6 62.2 62.2

Employed

18,361 18,744 18,779 18,262 18,617 18,544 18,819 18,636 18,694

Employment-population ratio

57.3 57.9 58.0 56.9 57.7 57.4 58.2 57.6 57.7

Unemployed

1,555 1,520 1,439 1,594 1,479 1,548 1,413 1,508 1,474

Unemployment rate

7.8 7.5 7.1 8.0 7.4 7.7 7.0 7.5 7.3

Not in labor force

12,152 12,106 12,186 12,212 12,163 12,204 12,101 12,225 12,236

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,009 9,276 9,210 9,018 9,163 9,205 9,279 9,225 9,221

Participation rate

67.4 68.6 68.0 67.5 68.0 68.2 68.7 68.2 68.1

Employed

8,355 8,580 8,552 8,328 8,522 8,487 8,654 8,530 8,538

Employment-population ratio

62.5 63.4 63.1 62.3 63.3 62.9 64.1 63.1 63.0

Unemployed

655 696 658 691 641 718 625 694 683

Unemployment rate

7.3 7.5 7.1 7.7 7.0 7.8 6.7 7.5 7.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,226 10,291 10,310 10,135 10,170 10,127 10,149 10,200 10,210

Participation rate

63.2 63.0 63.1 62.6 62.5 62.1 62.2 62.4 62.4

Employed

9,496 9,609 9,703 9,418 9,511 9,474 9,541 9,542 9,607

Employment-population ratio

58.7 58.8 59.3 58.2 58.4 58.1 58.5 58.4 58.8

Unemployed

730 682 607 716 660 653 608 657 603

Unemployment rate

7.1 6.6 5.9 7.1 6.5 6.4 6.0 6.4 5.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

681 697 698 703 763 760 804 720 737

Participation rate

27.0 27.8 27.8 27.9 30.4 30.3 32.0 28.7 29.4

Employed

510 555 524 516 585 583 624 564 549

Employment-population ratio

20.3 22.1 20.9 20.5 23.3 23.2 24.9 22.5 21.9

Unemployed

171 142 174 187 178 178 180 156 188

Unemployment rate

25.0 20.4 25.0 26.6 23.3 23.4 22.4 21.7 25.5

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

15,323 15,466 15,370 15,323 15,290 15,341 15,483 15,466 15,370

Civilian labor force

9,584 9,794 9,633 9,634 9,789 9,886 10,005 9,871 9,696

Participation rate

62.5 63.3 62.7 62.9 64.0 64.4 64.6 63.8 63.1

Employed

9,292 9,507 9,343 9,342 9,418 9,489 9,638 9,569 9,402

Employment-population ratio

60.6 61.5 60.8 61.0 61.6 61.9 62.3 61.9 61.2

Unemployed

292 288 290 292 370 397 366 302 294

Unemployment rate

3.0 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.1 3.0

Not in labor force

5,739 5,671 5,737 5,690 5,502 5,455 5,478 5,594 5,673

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Nov.
2016
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

41,102 41,665 41,751 41,102 41,404 41,492 41,579 41,665 41,751

Civilian labor force

27,066 27,328 27,479 26,990 27,487 27,322 27,633 27,323 27,409

Participation rate

65.8 65.6 65.8 65.7 66.4 65.8 66.5 65.6 65.6

Employed

25,540 26,077 26,196 25,448 26,078 25,914 26,229 26,002 26,110

Employment-population ratio

62.1 62.6 62.7 61.9 63.0 62.5 63.1 62.4 62.5

Unemployed

1,526 1,250 1,283 1,541 1,409 1,408 1,404 1,321 1,299

Unemployment rate

5.6 4.6 4.7 5.7 5.1 5.2 5.1 4.8 4.7

Not in labor force

14,037 14,337 14,272 14,113 13,917 14,170 13,946 14,342 14,342

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

14,932 14,987 14,999 14,881 15,085 15,017 15,119 14,958 14,968

Participation rate

80.6 79.9 79.8 80.3 80.9 80.4 80.8 79.7 79.6

Employed

14,162 14,459 14,432 14,113 14,425 14,298 14,507 14,379 14,400

Employment-population ratio

76.4 77.1 76.8 76.2 77.4 76.5 77.5 76.6 76.6

Unemployed

770 528 567 768 660 719 612 579 568

Unemployment rate

5.2 3.5 3.8 5.2 4.4 4.8 4.0 3.9 3.8

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

11,035 11,158 11,314 10,971 11,176 11,091 11,256 11,158 11,237

Participation rate

58.8 58.6 59.3 58.5 59.1 58.5 59.2 58.6 58.9

Employed

10,476 10,639 10,769 10,411 10,580 10,570 10,643 10,612 10,691

Employment-population ratio

55.8 55.9 56.4 55.5 55.9 55.8 56.0 55.7 56.0

Unemployed

559 519 545 560 596 521 613 545 546

Unemployment rate

5.1 4.6 4.8 5.1 5.3 4.7 5.4 4.9 4.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,099 1,184 1,166 1,138 1,227 1,214 1,258 1,207 1,203

Participation rate

28.8 30.6 30.1 29.9 31.9 31.5 32.6 31.2 31.1

Employed

902 980 995 924 1,073 1,046 1,078 1,011 1,018

Employment-population ratio

23.7 25.3 25.7 24.3 27.9 27.1 27.9 26.1 26.3

Unemployed

196 204 171 214 154 169 179 196 185

Unemployment rate

17.9 17.2 14.7 18.8 12.5 13.9 14.3 16.3 15.4

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2016
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

10,678 10,141 10,298 10,587 10,570 10,565 10,575 10,302 10,197

Participation rate

45.5 45.3 45.6 45.1 47.3 46.2 46.3 46.1 45.2

Employed

9,858 9,624 9,779 9,753 9,842 9,933 9,891 9,717 9,670

Employment-population ratio

42.0 43.0 43.4 41.5 44.0 43.4 43.3 43.5 42.9

Unemployed

820 516 518 834 728 632 684 585 526

Unemployment rate

7.7 5.1 5.0 7.9 6.9 6.0 6.5 5.7 5.2

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

35,873 35,788 36,102 35,833 35,648 35,931 35,904 35,586 35,982

Participation rate

57.8 57.2 57.7 57.7 57.7 57.6 57.4 56.9 57.5

Employed

34,175 34,358 34,598 34,068 34,038 34,106 34,367 34,062 34,433

Employment-population ratio

55.1 54.9 55.3 54.9 55.1 54.7 54.9 54.5 55.0

Unemployed

1,698 1,431 1,504 1,765 1,610 1,825 1,537 1,523 1,548

Unemployment rate

4.7 4.0 4.2 4.9 4.5 5.1 4.3 4.3 4.3

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

38,110 37,987 38,075 38,189 37,475 37,388 37,659 37,785 37,922

Participation rate

66.3 66.2 66.4 66.4 65.4 65.9 66.1 65.8 66.1

Employed

36,684 36,636 36,747 36,702 36,077 35,978 36,306 36,402 36,539

Employment-population ratio

63.8 63.8 64.1 63.8 63.0 63.4 63.7 63.4 63.7

Unemployed

1,426 1,351 1,328 1,486 1,397 1,411 1,353 1,383 1,382

Unemployment rate

3.7 3.6 3.5 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.6

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

54,054 55,728 55,498 53,899 55,696 55,595 55,655 55,587 55,470

Participation rate

73.9 73.9 73.6 73.7 73.7 73.9 74.2 73.7 73.6

Employed

52,867 54,604 54,424 52,656 54,378 54,250 54,395 54,453 54,323

Employment-population ratio

72.3 72.4 72.2 72.0 72.0 72.1 72.5 72.2 72.0

Unemployed

1,187 1,124 1,074 1,243 1,318 1,345 1,260 1,134 1,147

Unemployment rate

2.2 2.0 1.9 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.0 2.1

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

20,782 19,420 18,762 17,566 2,020 1,854

Civilian labor force

10,493 9,698 9,218 8,569 1,275 1,129

Participation rate

50.5 49.9 49.1 48.8 63.1 60.9

Employed

9,994 9,310 8,812 8,223 1,181 1,087

Employment-population ratio

48.1 47.9 47.0 46.8 58.5 58.6

Unemployed

499 388 406 346 94 42

Unemployment rate

4.8 4.0 4.4 4.0 7.4 3.7

Not in labor force

10,289 9,722 9,544 8,997 745 725

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,034 4,103 3,335 3,410 699 692

Civilian labor force

3,338 3,374 2,813 2,882 525 493

Participation rate

82.8 82.2 84.3 84.5 75.2 71.2

Employed

3,123 3,219 2,650 2,759 473 460

Employment-population ratio

77.4 78.5 79.5 80.9 67.7 66.5

Unemployed

216 155 163 123 53 33

Unemployment rate

6.5 4.6 5.8 4.3 10.0 6.6

Not in labor force

696 728 522 529 173 199

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,295 3,030 2,783 2,551 512 480

Civilian labor force

2,609 2,387 2,231 2,052 377 335

Participation rate

79.2 78.8 80.2 80.4 73.7 69.9

Employed

2,522 2,316 2,163 1,984 359 332

Employment-population ratio

76.5 76.4 77.7 77.8 70.1 69.1

Unemployed

87 71 68 67 18 4

Unemployment rate

3.3 3.0 3.1 3.3 4.8 1.1

Not in labor force

687 643 552 499 135 144

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

8,341 7,873 8,042 7,605 299 268

Civilian labor force

1,944 1,753 1,877 1,689 67 64

Participation rate

23.3 22.3 23.3 22.2 22.5 23.7

Employed

1,867 1,680 1,804 1,616 63 64

Employment-population ratio

22.4 21.3 22.4 21.3 21.0 23.7

Unemployed

78 73 73 73 4 0

Unemployment rate

4.0 4.2 3.9 4.3 - -

Not in labor force

6,397 6,120 6,165 5,916 232 204

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

5,112 4,414 4,602 4,000 510 414

Civilian labor force

2,602 2,184 2,297 1,946 305 237

Participation rate

50.9 49.5 49.9 48.7 59.9 57.3

Employed

2,483 2,095 2,196 1,863 287 231

Employment-population ratio

48.6 47.5 47.7 46.6 56.3 55.9

Unemployed

119 89 101 83 19 6

Unemployment rate

4.6 4.1 4.4 4.3 6.1 2.5

Not in labor force

2,510 2,230 2,305 2,054 205 177

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

224,658 227,216 99,680 101,379 124,978 125,837

Civilian labor force

147,061 148,582 74,491 75,345 72,570 73,237

Participation rate

65.5 65.4 74.7 74.3 58.1 58.2

Employed

140,801 143,076 71,234 72,500 69,566 70,576

Employment-population ratio

62.7 63.0 71.5 71.5 55.7 56.1

Unemployed

6,260 5,506 3,256 2,845 3,003 2,661

Unemployment rate

4.3 3.7 4.4 3.8 4.1 3.6

Not in labor force

77,598 78,634 25,189 26,034 52,408 52,600

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

30,170 29,968 224,371 225,981

Civilian labor force

6,023 6,222 153,428 154,244

Participation rate

20.0 20.8 68.4 68.3

Employed

5,423 5,693 146,962 148,487

Employment-population ratio

18.0 19.0 65.5 65.7

Unemployed

600 529 6,466 5,757

Unemployment rate

10.0 8.5 4.2 3.7

Not in labor force

24,147 23,746 70,942 71,737

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,623 2,730 76,913 76,842

Participation rate

33.9 36.5 82.2 81.9

Employed

2,353 2,469 73,493 73,867

Employment-population ratio

30.4 33.0 78.6 78.8

Unemployed

270 262 3,421 2,976

Unemployment rate

10.3 9.6 4.4 3.9

Not in labor force

5,106 4,760 16,629 16,927

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,313 2,321 68,243 68,900

Participation rate

28.4 29.9 70.8 71.2

Employed

2,052 2,109 65,477 66,365

Employment-population ratio

25.2 27.2 67.9 68.6

Unemployed

261 212 2,766 2,535

Unemployment rate

11.3 9.1 4.1 3.7

Not in labor force

5,833 5,437 28,205 27,838

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

1,087 1,170 8,272 8,502

Participation rate

7.6 8.0 24.1 24.0

Employed

1,018 1,115 7,992 8,255

Employment-population ratio

7.1 7.6 23.2 23.3

Unemployed

69 55 280 247

Unemployment rate

6.3 4.7 3.4 2.9

Not in labor force

13,208 13,548 26,108 26,972

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

41,898 41,834 20,306 20,121 21,592 21,712

Civilian labor force

27,384 27,395 15,842 15,597 11,542 11,798

Participation rate

65.4 65.5 78.0 77.5 53.5 54.3

Employed

26,196 26,453 15,211 15,138 10,985 11,315

Employment-population ratio

62.5 63.2 74.9 75.2 50.9 52.1

Unemployed

1,188 942 632 459 557 483

Unemployment rate

4.3 3.4 4.0 2.9 4.8 4.1

Not in labor force

14,514 14,438 4,464 4,524 10,050 9,914

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

212,643 214,115 102,692 103,586 109,950 110,530

Civilian labor force

132,068 133,071 68,786 69,346 63,282 63,725

Participation rate

62.1 62.1 67.0 66.9 57.6 57.7

Employed

126,190 127,727 65,553 66,396 60,637 61,331

Employment-population ratio

59.3 59.7 63.8 64.1 55.1 55.5

Unemployed

5,878 5,344 3,233 2,950 2,645 2,394

Unemployment rate

4.5 4.0 4.7 4.3 4.2 3.8

Not in labor force

80,575 81,045 33,906 34,240 46,669 46,805

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2016
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,366 2,559 2,451 2,431 2,317 2,339 2,307 2,460 2,507

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,535 1,814 1,666 1,559 1,582 1,584 1,547 1,722 1,696

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

796 721 754 833 708 722 746 739 789

Unpaid family workers

34 24 30 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

150,020 151,664 151,729 149,752 151,208 151,143 152,093 151,357 151,478

Wage and salary workers(1)

141,210 142,564 142,653 140,968 142,714 142,466 143,106 142,285 142,463

Government

21,114 20,753 20,950 20,938 21,052 21,080 20,947 20,737 20,758

Private industries

120,096 121,811 121,702 120,016 121,627 121,366 122,188 121,582 121,740

Private households

717 571 608 - - - - - -

Other industries

119,380 121,240 121,094 119,290 120,964 120,712 121,570 121,018 121,123

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,757 9,067 9,030 8,716 8,475 8,602 8,856 8,961 8,925

Unpaid family workers

53 33 46 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

5,518 4,553 4,642 5,659 5,282 5,255 5,122 4,753 4,801

Slack work or business conditions

3,391 2,762 2,872 3,485 3,161 3,266 3,121 2,952 2,983

Could only find part-time work

1,853 1,609 1,497 1,902 1,754 1,645 1,733 1,629 1,559

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

22,084 21,395 22,123 21,059 21,260 21,447 21,011 20,923 21,018

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

5,411 4,496 4,554 5,550 5,231 5,179 5,032 4,696 4,721

Slack work or business conditions

3,327 2,734 2,819 3,424 3,137 3,217 3,071 2,943 2,940

Could only find part-time work

1,832 1,594 1,486 1,870 1,739 1,633 1,713 1,613 1,543

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

21,757 21,034 21,744 20,696 20,909 21,087 20,689 20,604 20,647

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2016
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

152,385 154,223 154,180 152,048 153,513 153,439 154,345 153,861 153,918

16 to 19 years

4,778 4,821 4,668 5,006 5,084 5,092 5,230 5,039 4,942

16 to 17 years

1,590 1,903 1,794 1,682 1,816 1,918 1,983 1,944 1,936

18 to 19 years

3,187 2,918 2,874 3,318 3,265 3,165 3,229 3,079 3,002

20 years and over

147,608 149,402 149,512 147,042 148,429 148,347 149,114 148,823 148,977

20 to 24 years

14,024 14,180 13,963 14,000 14,199 14,209 14,235 14,216 14,006

25 years and over

133,584 135,222 135,549 133,166 134,349 134,125 134,845 134,651 135,053

25 to 54 years

98,751 99,584 99,823 98,453 98,906 98,559 99,222 99,178 99,424

25 to 34 years

34,056 34,755 34,821 33,952 34,500 34,310 34,655 34,664 34,709

35 to 44 years

31,870 32,254 32,316 31,741 31,889 31,824 32,035 32,082 32,161

45 to 54 years

32,824 32,574 32,685 32,760 32,517 32,425 32,533 32,432 32,554

55 years and over

34,833 35,638 35,726 34,713 35,442 35,566 35,622 35,472 35,628

Men, 16 years and over

80,763 81,875 81,535 80,826 81,273 81,310 81,883 81,659 81,630

16 to 19 years

2,359 2,345 2,186 2,495 2,443 2,463 2,506 2,428 2,353

16 to 17 years

716 857 811 769 798 883 903 895 896

18 to 19 years

1,642 1,488 1,375 1,728 1,643 1,574 1,609 1,532 1,449

20 years and over

78,405 79,530 79,349 78,330 78,830 78,847 79,377 79,231 79,277

20 to 24 years

7,171 7,248 7,157 7,206 7,351 7,369 7,326 7,296 7,222

25 years and over

71,233 72,282 72,192 71,186 71,551 71,470 72,002 71,939 72,106

25 to 54 years

52,760 53,242 53,178 52,700 52,692 52,531 52,956 53,018 53,066

25 to 34 years

18,254 18,655 18,650 18,228 18,473 18,420 18,599 18,598 18,616

35 to 44 years

17,187 17,414 17,347 17,137 17,129 17,085 17,255 17,314 17,298

45 to 54 years

17,319 17,173 17,181 17,334 17,091 17,026 17,102 17,106 17,152

55 years and over

18,473 19,040 19,014 18,486 18,858 18,939 19,047 18,921 19,040

Women, 16 years and over

71,622 72,348 72,645 71,222 72,240 72,129 72,461 72,202 72,289

16 to 19 years

2,419 2,477 2,482 2,510 2,641 2,629 2,724 2,611 2,589

16 to 17 years

874 1,046 983 914 1,018 1,036 1,080 1,049 1,040

18 to 19 years

1,545 1,430 1,499 1,590 1,621 1,591 1,620 1,547 1,553

20 years and over

69,203 69,872 70,163 68,712 69,599 69,500 69,737 69,592 69,700

20 to 24 years

6,852 6,932 6,806 6,794 6,849 6,841 6,909 6,920 6,784

25 years and over

62,351 62,940 63,357 61,981 62,798 62,655 62,842 62,711 62,947

25 to 54 years

45,990 46,342 46,645 45,753 46,214 46,027 46,267 46,160 46,358

25 to 34 years

15,802 16,100 16,171 15,724 16,027 15,890 16,056 16,066 16,093

35 to 44 years

14,683 14,840 14,969 14,603 14,760 14,739 14,780 14,768 14,863

45 to 54 years

15,505 15,401 15,504 15,426 15,427 15,399 15,431 15,326 15,402

55 years and over

16,361 16,598 16,712 16,227 16,584 16,628 16,576 16,551 16,589

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

45,294 45,886 45,581 45,268 45,574 45,327 45,646 45,826 45,651

Married women, spouse present(1)

35,653 36,072 36,151 35,342 35,946 35,475 35,571 35,873 35,880

Women who maintain families(2)

9,935 9,829 10,064 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

123,960 127,055 126,468 124,213 125,921 125,755 126,690 126,667 126,827

Part-time workers(4)

28,425 27,168 27,713 27,854 27,535 27,569 27,650 27,235 27,110

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

8,107 7,409 7,593 7,812 7,589 7,346 7,366 7,188 7,323

Percent of total employed

5.3 4.8 4.9 5.1 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.8

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

5,898 6,171 6,021 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,553 9,789 9,785 9,549 9,183 9,325 9,603 9,700 9,714

Footnotes
(1) Refers to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(4) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Nov.
2016
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

7,409 6,520 6,610 4.6 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.1

16 to 19 years

897 797 931 15.2 13.2 13.6 12.9 13.7 15.9

16 to 17 years

372 334 454 18.1 15.5 14.7 13.6 14.7 19.0

18 to 19 years

551 466 510 14.2 11.6 13.1 12.8 13.1 14.5

20 years and over

6,511 5,723 5,679 4.2 4.0 4.1 3.9 3.7 3.7

20 to 24 years

1,232 1,105 1,092 8.1 7.4 7.1 7.5 7.2 7.2

25 years and over

5,333 4,608 4,622 3.9 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.3 3.3

25 to 54 years

4,053 3,501 3,482 4.0 3.8 4.0 3.6 3.4 3.4

25 to 34 years

1,717 1,602 1,547 4.8 4.6 4.9 4.4 4.4 4.3

35 to 44 years

1,164 1,003 1,027 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.0 3.1

45 to 54 years

1,172 895 908 3.5 3.2 3.6 3.1 2.7 2.7

55 years and over

1,273 1,128 1,136 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.1

Men, 16 years and over

4,034 3,570 3,541 4.8 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.2 4.2

16 to 19 years

548 462 508 18.0 15.2 14.6 15.1 16.0 17.7

16 to 17 years

234 186 235 23.3 17.9 15.0 15.4 17.2 20.8

18 to 19 years

332 286 292 16.1 13.4 14.7 15.2 15.7 16.8

20 years and over

3,486 3,109 3,033 4.3 4.0 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.7

20 to 24 years

724 639 668 9.1 8.0 7.6 8.6 8.0 8.5

25 years and over

2,810 2,468 2,408 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.4 3.3 3.2

25 to 54 years

2,129 1,830 1,752 3.9 3.8 4.0 3.5 3.3 3.2

25 to 34 years

927 849 796 4.8 4.5 5.0 4.3 4.4 4.1

35 to 44 years

616 502 484 3.5 3.5 3.3 2.9 2.8 2.7

45 to 54 years

585 479 471 3.3 3.2 3.5 3.1 2.7 2.7

55 years and over

681 638 656 3.6 2.9 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.3

Women, 16 years and over

3,375 2,950 3,069 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.2 3.9 4.1

16 to 19 years

350 335 424 12.2 11.3 12.7 10.9 11.4 14.1

16 to 17 years

138 148 219 13.1 13.5 14.3 12.1 12.4 17.4

18 to 19 years

218 180 218 12.1 9.7 11.5 10.2 10.4 12.3

20 years and over

3,025 2,615 2,646 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.6 3.7

20 to 24 years

508 466 424 7.0 6.7 6.6 6.3 6.3 5.9

25 years and over

2,523 2,140 2,214 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.3 3.4

25 to 54 years

1,924 1,671 1,730 4.0 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.6

25 to 34 years

790 754 751 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.4 4.5 4.5

35 to 44 years

548 501 542 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.3 3.5

45 to 54 years

586 416 437 3.7 3.2 3.6 3.1 2.6 2.8

55 years and over

577 496 482 3.4 3.4 3.1 3.3 2.9 2.8

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

1,264 944 953 2.7 2.4 2.6 2.3 2.0 2.0

Married women, spouse present(1)

988 887 837 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.3

Women who maintain families(2)

657 578 590 6.2 6.8 7.2 6.5 5.6 5.5

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

6,159 5,230 5,186 4.7 4.3 4.5 4.2 4.0 3.9

Part-time workers(4)

1,305 1,282 1,419 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.5 5.0

Footnotes
(1) Refers to persons in opposite-sex couples only.
(2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(4) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2016
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3,271 2,859 2,907 3,542 3,378 3,523 3,359 3,227 3,159

On temporary layoff

723 561 807 896 1,044 1,032 895 842 963

Not on temporary layoff

2,548 2,298 2,100 2,646 2,334 2,490 2,464 2,384 2,196

Permanent job losers

1,838 1,648 1,483 1,903 1,676 1,799 1,759 1,709 1,542

Persons who completed temporary jobs

710 650 617 743 658 691 705 676 655

Job leavers

936 763 757 934 757 804 738 742 751

Reentrants

2,188 2,040 1,978 2,266 2,083 2,132 2,079 2,006 2,029

New entrants

671 580 644 728 703 656 669 629 691

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

46.3 45.8 46.2 47.4 48.8 49.5 49.1 48.9 47.6

On temporary layoff

10.2 9.0 12.8 12.0 15.1 14.5 13.1 12.8 14.5

Not on temporary layoff

36.1 36.8 33.4 35.4 33.7 35.0 36.0 36.1 33.1

Job leavers

13.3 12.2 12.0 12.5 10.9 11.3 10.8 11.2 11.3

Reentrants

31.0 32.7 31.5 30.3 30.1 30.0 30.4 30.4 30.6

New entrants

9.5 9.3 10.2 9.7 10.2 9.2 9.8 9.5 10.4

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

2.1 1.8 1.8 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.0

Job leavers

0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Reentrants

1.4 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

New entrants

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2016
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

2,201 1,958 2,084 2,415 2,133 2,222 2,226 2,129 2,250

5 to 14 weeks

2,006 1,839 1,753 2,133 2,017 2,015 1,874 1,942 1,878

15 weeks and over

2,859 2,445 2,449 2,929 2,742 2,795 2,696 2,474 2,508

15 to 26 weeks

1,060 847 921 1,073 957 1,055 963 853 927

27 weeks and over

1,799 1,598 1,529 1,856 1,785 1,740 1,733 1,621 1,581

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

27.1 27.1 26.3 26.2 24.9 24.4 26.8 26.0 25.4

Median duration, in weeks

10.5 10.1 9.7 10.2 10.6 10.5 10.3 9.9 9.6

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

31.1 31.4 33.2 32.3 30.9 31.6 32.8 32.5 33.9

5 to 14 weeks

28.4 29.5 27.9 28.5 29.3 28.7 27.6 29.7 28.3

15 weeks and over

40.5 39.2 39.0 39.2 39.8 39.7 39.7 37.8 37.8

15 to 26 weeks

15.0 13.6 14.6 14.4 13.9 15.0 14.2 13.0 14.0

27 weeks and over

25.5 25.6 24.3 24.8 25.9 24.7 25.5 24.8 23.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017

Total, 16 years and over(1)

152,385 154,180 7,066 6,286 4.4 3.9

Management, professional, and related occupations

59,707 61,818 1,382 1,266 2.3 2.0

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

25,051 25,731 592 511 2.3 1.9

Professional and related occupations

34,656 36,087 790 755 2.2 2.0

Service occupations

26,964 26,376 1,600 1,368 5.6 4.9

Sales and office occupations

33,869 33,390 1,501 1,345 4.2 3.9

Sales and related occupations

15,792 15,748 770 670 4.6 4.1

Office and administrative support occupations

18,077 17,642 732 675 3.9 3.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

14,144 14,667 866 789 5.8 5.1

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

1,041 1,213 146 96 12.3 7.4

Construction and extraction occupations

8,091 8,498 562 508 6.5 5.6

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

5,012 4,955 158 184 3.1 3.6

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

17,701 17,930 1,018 860 5.4 4.6

Production occupations

8,258 8,685 449 295 5.2 3.3

Transportation and material moving occupations

9,443 9,245 568 564 5.7 5.8

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017

Total, 16 years and over(1)

7,066 6,286 4.4 3.9

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

5,415 4,752 4.3 3.8

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

37 20 4.7 2.4

Construction

517 467 5.7 5.0

Manufacturing

619 409 3.9 2.6

Durable goods

341 236 3.4 2.4

Nondurable goods

278 173 4.7 2.9

Wholesale and retail trade

915 869 4.4 4.2

Transportation and utilities

209 252 3.2 3.7

Information

115 146 4.2 5.2

Financial activities

273 206 2.8 2.1

Professional and business services

753 689 4.5 4.0

Education and health services

716 596 3.1 2.5

Leisure and hospitality

1,011 882 7.1 6.6

Other services

249 216 3.8 3.2

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

156 125 9.6 7.2

Government workers

449 439 2.1 2.0

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

376 326 3.8 3.2

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2016
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

1.8 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.6

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

2.1 1.8 1.8 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.0

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

4.4 3.9 3.9 4.6 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.1

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

4.8 4.2 4.2 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.4

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

5.6 4.8 4.8 5.8 5.3 5.4 5.1 5.0 5.0

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

9.0 7.6 7.7 9.3 8.6 8.6 8.3 7.9 8.0

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017
Nov.
2016
Nov.
2017

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

95,089 95,483 38,370 38,764 56,719 56,719

Persons who currently want a job

5,524 4,877 2,636 2,261 2,889 2,616

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

1,932 1,481 1,020 770 912 710

Discouraged workers(2)

591 469 393 292 198 176

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,341 1,012 627 478 714 534

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

8,107 7,593 3,816 3,559 4,290 4,034

Percent of total employed

5.3 4.9 4.7 4.4 6.0 5.6

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

4,362 4,286 2,369 2,194 1,992 2,092

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

2,287 1,978 739 638 1,548 1,341

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

270 252 141 170 130 81

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,136 1,003 538 523 598 480

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)
Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)
Change from:
Oct.2017 - Nov.2017(p)

Total nonfarm

146,393 146,954 147,975 148,507 145,170 146,769 147,013 147,241 228

Total private

123,615 124,684 125,282 125,702 122,876 124,432 124,679 124,900 221

Goods-producing

19,870 20,347 20,352 20,304 19,762 20,103 20,137 20,199 62

Mining and logging

673 727 731 735 666 722 723 730 7

Logging

51.8 50.6 50.0 51.4 50.5 49.3 48.7 49.8 1.1

Mining

620.8 676.8 680.7 683.5 615.1 672.5 674.5 679.7 5.2

Oil and gas extraction

179.0 180.6 179.3 180.3 178.5 180.5 179.2 179.4 0.2

Mining, except oil and gas

182.2 189.5 188.8 187.9 181.3 186.8 186.5 187.4 0.9

Coal mining

50.1 52.0 52.1 51.3 49.7 51.7 51.6 51.2 -0.4

Metal ore mining

39.1 38.9 38.9 38.5 39.2 39.0 38.8 38.4 -0.4

Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying

93.0 98.6 97.8 98.1 92.4 96.1 96.1 97.8 1.7

Support activities for mining

259.6 306.7 312.6 315.3 255.3 305.2 308.8 312.9 4.1

Construction

6,869 7,122 7,126 7,060 6,771 6,921 6,931 6,955 24

Construction of buildings

1,514.5 1,559.7 1,566.3 1,558.7 1,501.3 1,528.1 1,534.5 1,543.1 8.6

Residential building

762.6 773.1 783.5 779.8 752.1 759.1 766.6 770.7 4.1

Nonresidential building

751.9 786.6 782.8 778.9 749.2 769.0 767.9 772.4 4.5

Heavy and civil engineering construction

971.2 1,034.6 1,023.2 979.2 943.2 969.9 960.9 953.1 -7.8

Specialty trade contractors

4,383.3 4,527.4 4,536.7 4,521.7 4,326.7 4,422.7 4,436.0 4,458.6 22.6

Residential specialty trade contractors

1,914.6 1,991.1 1,988.0 1,986.1 1,895.3 1,945.1 1,951.9 1,962.6 10.7

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,468.7 2,536.3 2,548.7 2,535.6 2,431.4 2,477.6 2,484.1 2,496.0 11.9

Manufacturing

12,328 12,498 12,495 12,509 12,325 12,460 12,483 12,514 31

Durable goods

7,694 7,780 7,788 7,820 7,695 7,778 7,791 7,818 27

Wood products

395.4 392.9 396.3 395.6 393.3 392.4 394.4 393.7 -0.7

Nonmetallic mineral products

413.2 421.5 421.8 421.9 409.9 415.4 416.1 417.5 1.4

Primary metals

374.3 384.6 385.5 385.8 374.6 384.8 385.7 386.1 0.4

Fabricated metal products

1,416.0 1,451.1 1,455.8 1,463.5 1,418.0 1,452.5 1,457.4 1,464.8 7.4

Machinery

1,070.7 1,095.2 1,093.9 1,103.3 1,072.6 1,097.8 1,098.0 1,106.3 8.3

Computer and electronic products

1,040.6 1,043.6 1,046.4 1,050.8 1,041.1 1,044.9 1,048.2 1,052.0 3.8

Computer and peripheral equipment

162.5 166.4 167.8 170.7 162.7 166.6 168.2 170.4 2.2

Communications equipment

84.9 84.7 84.9 84.8 84.8 84.9 85.0 84.7 -0.3

Semiconductors and electronic components

362.3 361.3 363.0 363.9 362.2 362.3 363.7 364.6 0.9

Electronic instruments

395.5 397.6 397.4 399.3 396.1 397.8 398.2 400.2 2.0

Miscellaneous computer and electronic products

35.4 33.6 33.3 32.1 35.3 33.4 33.1 31.9 -1.2

Electrical equipment and appliances

382.8 391.6 393.9 396.3 383.0 392.0 394.8 396.8 2.0

Transportation equipment(1)

1,620.8 1,619.7 1,610.8 1,617.2 1,621.3 1,615.9 1,613.1 1,615.7 2.6

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

941.8 941.8 937.0 941.6 941.5 939.2 938.4 940.1 1.7

Furniture and related products

388.0 389.7 391.2 388.8 390.8 390.7 390.9 390.0 -0.9

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

592.0 590.5 592.0 597.0 590.2 591.8 592.2 594.6 2.4

Nondurable goods

4,634 4,718 4,707 4,689 4,630 4,682 4,692 4,696 4

Food manufacturing

1,563.4 1,634.0 1,618.0 1,604.4 1,562.1 1,607.5 1,607.5 1,609.3 1.8

Textile mills

112.7 110.3 110.1 110.3 112.5 110.4 110.1 109.7 -0.4

Textile product mills

114.3 110.4 109.2 109.2 113.3 109.6 108.8 108.5 -0.3

Apparel

130.4 118.0 118.3 118.1 129.4 117.1 117.4 116.5 -0.9

Paper and paper products

367.9 369.3 368.8 370.8 368.2 369.8 370.1 371.9 1.8

Printing and related support activities

444.3 435.5 436.3 437.0 442.1 436.0 435.9 435.3 -0.6

Petroleum and coal products

111.7 114.9 115.6 113.0 111.1 112.9 113.0 112.7 -0.3

Chemicals

811.1 819.9 824.3 821.8 811.9 821.3 826.9 826.2 -0.7

Plastics and rubber products

693.6 708.0 706.3 710.9 696.2 708.3 710.3 714.2 3.9

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

284.9 297.5 300.2 293.2 283.4 289.3 292.0 291.6 -0.4

Private service-providing

103,745 104,337 104,930 105,398 103,114 104,329 104,542 104,701 159

Trade, transportation, and utilities

27,819 27,295 27,489 28,018 27,346 27,424 27,438 27,470 32

Wholesale trade

5,900.3 5,936.6 5,955.2 5,961.8 5,886.8 5,936.7 5,944.7 5,948.1 3.4

Durable goods

2,931.5 2,967.4 2,969.9 2,979.9 2,931.9 2,967.6 2,971.4 2,978.7 7.3

Nondurable goods

2,063.8 2,061.2 2,074.2 2,072.7 2,052.0 2,060.4 2,064.4 2,064.4 0.0

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

905.0 908.0 911.1 909.2 902.9 908.7 908.9 905.0 -3.9

Retail trade

16,243.7 15,685.6 15,829.0 16,280.6 15,867.7 15,828.5 15,826.3 15,845.0 18.7

Motor vehicle and parts dealers

1,998.6 2,020.2 2,026.1 2,027.2 1,999.5 2,016.5 2,024.1 2,026.9 2.8

Automobile dealers

1,296.6 1,306.9 1,313.0 1,312.5 1,294.8 1,305.5 1,309.8 1,310.8 1.0

Other motor vehicle dealers

148.5 155.6 154.1 151.8 152.0 154.0 155.5 156.1 0.6

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores

553.5 557.7 559.0 562.9 552.8 557.1 558.8 560.0 1.2

Furniture and home furnishings stores

488.8 478.1 488.2 504.6 476.0 484.9 485.9 487.4 1.5

Electronics and appliance stores

532.2 495.7 499.7 518.2 511.1 500.8 496.8 492.3 -4.5

Building material and garden supply stores

1,250.0 1,278.2 1,284.8 1,281.8 1,281.1 1,300.3 1,306.4 1,309.6 3.2

Food and beverage stores

3,113.7 3,068.3 3,076.8 3,102.4 3,100.2 3,075.6 3,076.3 3,081.9 5.6

Health and personal care stores

1,073.9 1,038.7 1,045.5 1,066.7 1,060.0 1,048.5 1,048.6 1,052.2 3.6

Gasoline stations

929.8 945.6 942.0 945.8 929.4 940.1 940.6 943.6 3.0

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,425.5 1,285.4 1,309.0 1,423.5 1,325.8 1,322.4 1,317.9 1,312.3 -5.6

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

670.2 593.4 609.5 676.4 617.0 607.7 612.3 616.3 4.0

General merchandise stores

3,344.8 3,084.7 3,130.9 3,305.2 3,191.2 3,134.1 3,125.4 3,132.2 6.8

Department stores

1,408.9 1,245.1 1,277.4 1,393.2 1,309.7 1,281.5 1,281.5 1,284.6 3.1

Other general merchandise stores

1,935.9 1,839.6 1,853.5 1,912.0 1,881.4 1,852.6 1,843.9 1,847.7 3.8

Miscellaneous store retailers

847.8 832.1 838.8 840.1 833.2 829.9 825.3 826.2 0.9

Nonstore retailers

568.4 565.2 577.7 588.7 543.2 567.7 566.7 564.1 -2.6

Transportation and warehousing

5,118.9 5,119.7 5,152.1 5,223.3 5,034.6 5,105.7 5,113.3 5,123.8 10.5

Air transportation

477.4 491.0 492.9 490.4 479.0 490.4 492.7 492.4 -0.3

Rail transportation

212.7 206.0 206.0 206.0 212.3 205.5 205.8 205.6 -0.2

Water transportation

63.4 66.7 65.7 64.6 64.6 66.0 65.5 65.7 0.2

Truck transportation

1,472.7 1,488.8 1,492.2 1,487.9 1,462.2 1,474.8 1,475.7 1,477.5 1.8

Transit and ground passenger transportation

488.8 494.4 497.9 493.0 473.3 481.8 480.0 477.4 -2.6

Pipeline transportation

48.4 46.6 46.8 46.9 48.5 46.8 46.8 47.0 0.2

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

28.9 42.6 37.9 29.4 34.6 35.9 36.2 35.2 -1.0

Support activities for transportation

663.8 673.5 675.0 675.4 660.4 671.4 670.1 672.2 2.1

Couriers and messengers

704.2 652.6 662.8 732.8 660.1 673.3 674.2 676.4 2.2

Warehousing and storage

958.6 957.5 974.9 996.9 939.6 959.8 966.3 974.4 8.1

Utilities

556.1 552.7 552.7 552.0 556.5 553.4 553.5 553.3 -0.2

Information

2,780 2,708 2,708 2,718 2,768 2,715 2,707 2,703 -4

Publishing industries, except Internet

731.1 717.6 717.2 718.7 729.1 717.5 716.5 716.6 0.1

Motion picture and sound recording industries

431.3 391.1 399.3 406.7 425.7 398.3 399.9 396.3 -3.6

Broadcasting, except Internet

266.9 260.1 261.5 260.4 266.3 259.8 260.1 258.9 -1.2

Telecommunications

788.3 761.6 751.3 750.2 785.1 761.3 752.0 748.7 -3.3

Data processing, hosting and related services

299.1 304.1 306.5 308.1 298.9 304.8 305.9 307.9 2.0

Other information services

263.5 273.1 272.4 273.9 263.3 273.2 272.6 274.4 1.8

Financial activities

8,337 8,481 8,488 8,484 8,342 8,477 8,484 8,492 8

Finance and insurance

6,181.3 6,262.5 6,266.9 6,267.5 6,175.9 6,269.8 6,267.3 6,266.9 -0.4

Monetary authorities - central bank

18.5 18.7 18.7 18.7 18.5 18.7 18.7 18.7 0.0

Credit intermediation and related
activities

2,628.5 2,656.5 2,659.2 2,660.0 2,629.7 2,660.8 2,663.4 2,662.6 -0.8

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,701.5 1,711.4 1,712.9 1,716.3 1,704.0 1,716.8 1,719.6 1,720.3 0.7

Commercial banking

1,306.7 1,309.9 1,310.7 1,312.3 1,308.9 1,313.9 1,315.4 1,315.7 0.3

Nondepository credit intermediation

620.6 628.8 631.7 630.9 619.2 629.1 629.8 629.2 -0.6

Activities related to credit intermediation

306.4 316.3 314.6 312.8 306.5 314.9 314.0 313.2 -0.8

Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts

931.2 950.9 952.8 954.2 931.5 950.6 951.2 953.9 2.7

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,603.1 2,636.4 2,636.2 2,634.6 2,596.2 2,639.7 2,634.0 2,631.7 -2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,155.9 2,218.9 2,220.6 2,216.2 2,165.8 2,207.5 2,216.6 2,224.9 8.3

Real estate

1,581.4 1,609.6 1,615.7 1,614.2 1,584.2 1,607.5 1,611.7 1,616.4 4.7

Rental and leasing services

550.9 586.2 581.7 578.7 558.3 576.8 581.8 585.4 3.6

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

23.6 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.3 23.2 23.1 23.1 0.0

Professional and business services

20,564 20,881 21,070 21,115 20,380 20,828 20,882 20,928 46

Professional and technical services

8,992.7 9,095.8 9,184.4 9,235.9 8,988.2 9,189.3 9,207.3 9,230.8 23.5

Legal services

1,124.7 1,123.8 1,130.5 1,131.6 1,122.5 1,127.7 1,128.1 1,128.7 0.6

Accounting and bookkeeping services

965.6 937.0 946.1 976.6 1,000.3 1,008.4 1,008.5 1,012.5 4.0

Architectural and engineering services

1,424.3 1,467.0 1,478.0 1,473.4 1,422.0 1,466.2 1,469.8 1,472.4 2.6

Specialized design services

142.1 139.4 142.0 143.8 141.0 141.2 140.9 142.3 1.4

Computer systems design and related services

2,034.4 2,057.2 2,083.1 2,089.5 2,024.5 2,067.0 2,072.2 2,076.0 3.8

Management and technical consulting services

1,418.4 1,451.1 1,470.0 1,478.7 1,404.2 1,453.8 1,458.7 1,465.9 7.2

Scientific research and development services

692.8 707.8 709.5 711.5 693.3 712.1 712.2 712.8 0.6

Advertising and related services

490.5 485.2 489.8 489.7 488.3 486.3 487.0 486.5 -0.5

Other professional and technical services

699.9 727.3 735.4 741.1 692.2 726.6 729.9 733.7 3.8

Management of companies and enterprises

2,253.2 2,282.6 2,282.2 2,283.3 2,252.6 2,282.0 2,284.8 2,284.0 -0.8

Administrative and waste services

9,318.1 9,502.7 9,603.1 9,595.9 9,139.6 9,356.4 9,389.7 9,412.8 23.1

Administrative and support services

8,907.4 9,084.8 9,183.9 9,179.2 8,729.0 8,941.1 8,971.4 8,995.8 24.4

Office administrative services

509.0 528.4 532.7 535.6 507.5 529.2 532.1 533.1 1.0

Facilities support services

141.5 146.4 147.2 147.0 141.5 145.7 146.1 146.6 0.5

Employment services(1)

3,768.3 3,798.9 3,881.0 3,917.2 3,630.8 3,728.5 3,750.5 3,768.8 18.3

Temporary help services

3,103.2 3,119.9 3,194.1 3,228.5 2,979.0 3,059.1 3,077.0 3,095.3 18.3

Business support services

941.7 911.1 929.6 940.7 919.9 915.8 915.8 918.9 3.1

Travel arrangement and reservation services

216.2 214.6 214.7 212.4 216.6 214.5 214.5 213.6 -0.9

Investigation and security services

915.4 925.8 929.2 929.9 905.5 918.7 919.6 919.3 -0.3

Services to buildings and dwellings

2,102.3 2,227.9 2,212.3 2,167.2 2,092.6 2,159.0 2,161.7 2,163.6 1.9

Other support services

313.0 331.7 337.2 329.2 314.6 329.8 331.0 331.9 0.9

Waste management and remediation services

410.7 417.9 419.2 416.7 410.6 415.3 418.3 417.0 -1.3

Education and health services

23,074 23,138 23,432 23,535 22,821 23,214 23,238 23,292 54

Educational services

3,782.7 3,637.1 3,821.5 3,865.3 3,593.0 3,673.2 3,662.5 3,675.6 13.1

Health care and social assistance

19,291.5 19,501.0 19,610.4 19,669.3 19,227.7 19,540.9 19,575.5 19,616.0 40.5

Health care(3)

15,604.0 15,801.5 15,863.4 15,903.5 15,558.4 15,810.7 15,832.5 15,862.0 29.5

Ambulatory health care services

7,200.8 7,339.3 7,390.4 7,415.5 7,172.3 7,352.7 7,364.9 7,390.2 25.3

Offices of physicians

2,562.9 2,605.1 2,618.2 2,624.6 2,552.6 2,608.1 2,609.3 2,616.1 6.8

Offices of dentists

938.6 941.3 947.7 949.4 935.3 945.3 945.5 946.8 1.3

Offices of other health practitioners

882.4 905.9 910.3 918.7 879.8 909.6 907.9 913.1 5.2

Outpatient care centers

875.6 915.7 921.6 926.1 874.0 917.5 921.4 925.6 4.2

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

263.9 260.7 262.8 263.9 263.5 261.4 261.9 262.8 0.9

Home health care services

1,384.8 1,414.3 1,427.8 1,432.9 1,377.2 1,414.6 1,421.1 1,428.0 6.9

Other ambulatory health care services

292.6 296.3 302.0 299.9 289.8 296.2 297.9 297.9 0.0

Hospitals

5,080.3 5,134.8 5,140.9 5,149.1 5,067.3 5,128.7 5,134.7 5,136.9 2.2

Nursing and residential care facilities

3,322.9 3,327.4 3,332.1 3,338.9 3,318.8 3,329.3 3,332.9 3,334.9 2.0

Nursing care facilities

1,647.4 1,629.3 1,631.3 1,634.1 1,643.0 1,629.1 1,631.0 1,631.4 0.4

Residential mental health facilities

614.8 620.7 620.8 622.6 614.5 621.2 621.7 622.6 0.9

Community care facilities for the elderly

895.1 911.2 913.1 913.9 896.1 912.4 913.2 913.1 -0.1

Other residential care facilities

165.6 166.2 166.9 168.3 165.2 166.6 167.0 167.9 0.9

Social assistance

3,687.5 3,699.5 3,747.0 3,765.8 3,669.3 3,730.2 3,743.0 3,754.0 11.0

Individual and family services

2,261.6 2,283.3 2,315.5 2,327.4 2,258.3 2,304.0 2,319.4 2,327.2 7.8

Emergency and other relief services

163.8 167.9 168.8 170.1 164.8 169.0 169.5 170.3 0.8

Vocational rehabilitation services

336.9 335.7 335.7 337.3 337.5 336.9 336.5 337.2 0.7

Child day care services

925.2 912.6 927.0 931.0 908.6 920.3 917.5 919.3 1.8

Leisure and hospitality

15,466 16,079 15,955 15,738 15,739 15,900 16,004 16,018 14

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2,101.8 2,320.1 2,239.2 2,113.2 2,256.3 2,262.8 2,279.4 2,272.4 -7.0

Performing arts and spectator sports

434.5 482.0 472.3 448.5 450.0 463.0 464.9 462.6 -2.3

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

154.3 170.9 169.4 163.5 160.2 169.0 168.6 169.7 1.1

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,513.0 1,667.2 1,597.5 1,501.2 1,646.1 1,630.8 1,645.9 1,640.1 -5.8

Accommodation and food services

13,364.3 13,758.6 13,715.3 13,625.2 13,482.2 13,637.3 13,724.8 13,746.0 21.2

Accommodation

1,889.8 1,996.7 1,947.1 1,907.4 1,948.0 1,959.0 1,960.3 1,962.6 2.3

Food services and drinking places

11,474.5 11,761.9 11,768.2 11,717.8 11,534.2 11,678.3 11,764.5 11,783.4 18.9

Other services

5,705 5,755 5,788 5,790 5,718 5,771 5,789 5,798 9

Repair and maintenance

1,286.2 1,295.0 1,300.1 1,297.0 1,290.9 1,296.9 1,300.1 1,302.7 2.6

Personal and laundry services

1,459.1 1,490.2 1,506.1 1,511.3 1,460.7 1,492.7 1,504.4 1,507.9 3.5

Membership associations and organizations

2,959.9 2,969.9 2,981.5 2,981.9 2,966.6 2,981.5 2,984.4 2,986.9 2.5

Government

22,778 22,270 22,693 22,805 22,294 22,337 22,334 22,341 7

Federal

2,797.0 2,811.0 2,807.0 2,797.0 2,811.0 2,808.0 2,811.0 2,808.0 -3.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,185.5 2,198.6 2,192.2 2,183.4 2,193.2 2,191.2 2,193.5 2,191.9 -1.6

U.S. Postal Service

611.9 612.2 614.7 613.4 617.7 616.3 617.8 616.0 -1.8

State government

5,270.0 5,107.0 5,211.0 5,237.0 5,088.0 5,070.0 5,062.0 5,063.0 1.0

State government education

2,599.7 2,447.6 2,562.0 2,589.2 2,410.0 2,409.9 2,406.1 2,407.3 1.2

State government, excluding education

2,670.4 2,659.6 2,648.6 2,647.7 2,677.7 2,659.6 2,656.3 2,656.1 -0.2

Local government

14,711.0 14,352.0 14,675.0 14,771.0 14,395.0 14,459.0 14,461.0 14,470.0 9.0

Local government education

8,279.8 7,883.8 8,244.2 8,342.9 7,933.6 7,989.6 7,992.6 7,998.7 6.1

Local government, excluding education

6,431.3 6,468.6 6,431.1 6,428.5 6,460.9 6,469.5 6,467.9 6,471.6 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.3 34.4 34.4 34.5

Goods-producing

40.2 40.2 40.4 40.5

Mining and logging

43.6 45.2 45.2 45.1

Construction

39.1 38.8 39.0 39.1

Manufacturing

40.6 40.8 40.9 40.9

Durable goods

41.1 41.3 41.4 41.4

Nondurable goods

39.8 39.9 40.0 40.2

Private service-providing

33.2 33.2 33.3 33.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.2 34.4 34.4 34.7

Wholesale trade

38.9 39.1 39.0 39.1

Retail trade

30.8 30.9 31.0 31.4

Transportation and warehousing

38.8 38.7 38.8 39.0

Utilities

41.8 42.5 42.2 42.3

Information

36.0 36.2 36.3 36.1

Financial activities

37.5 37.5 37.5 37.6

Professional and business services

36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0

Education and health services

32.9 32.9 32.9 32.9

Leisure and hospitality

26.1 26.0 26.2 26.1

Other services

31.9 31.7 31.7 31.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.2 3.3 3.5 3.5

Durable goods

3.3 3.3 3.5 3.4

Nondurable goods

3.1 3.4 3.5 3.6

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)
Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)

Total private

$25.91 $26.53 $26.50 $26.55 $888.71 $912.63 $911.60 $915.98

Goods-producing

27.14 27.76 27.76 27.76 1,091.03 1,115.95 1,121.50 1,124.28

Mining and logging

32.09 32.55 32.67 32.60 1,399.12 1,471.26 1,476.68 1,470.26

Construction

28.34 29.18 29.08 29.17 1,108.09 1,132.18 1,134.12 1,140.55

Manufacturing

26.22 26.71 26.75 26.71 1,064.53 1,089.77 1,094.08 1,092.44

Durable goods

27.49 27.96 28.01 27.96 1,129.84 1,154.75 1,159.61 1,157.54

Nondurable goods

24.03 24.54 24.59 24.55 956.39 979.15 983.60 986.91

Private service-providing

25.62 26.25 26.21 26.26 850.58 871.50 872.79 877.08

Trade, transportation, and utilities

22.57 22.95 22.89 22.94 771.89 789.48 787.42 796.02

Wholesale trade

29.79 30.26 30.03 30.23 1,158.83 1,183.17 1,171.17 1,181.99

Retail trade

18.07 18.24 18.25 18.27 556.56 563.62 565.75 573.68

Transportation and warehousing

23.48 24.05 24.04 24.13 911.02 930.74 932.75 941.07

Utilities

38.33 39.45 39.70 39.57 1,602.19 1,676.63 1,675.34 1,673.81

Information

37.31 38.40 38.38 38.59 1,343.16 1,390.08 1,393.19 1,393.10

Financial activities

32.58 33.46 33.65 33.68 1,221.75 1,254.75 1,261.88 1,266.37

Professional and business services

31.14 31.95 31.86 31.92 1,121.04 1,150.20 1,146.96 1,149.12

Education and health services

25.91 26.49 26.48 26.53 852.44 871.52 871.19 872.84

Leisure and hospitality

15.06 15.56 15.55 15.60 393.07 404.56 407.41 407.16

Other services

23.34 23.92 23.91 23.97 744.55 758.26 757.95 759.85

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)
Percent change from:
Oct.
2017 - Nov.
2017(p)
Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)
Percent change from:
Oct.
2017 - Nov.
2017(p)

Total private

105.8 107.4 107.7 108.2 0.5 131.0 136.3 136.4 137.3 0.7

Goods-producing

90.5 92.1 92.7 93.2 0.5 111.0 115.5 116.3 116.9 0.5

Mining and logging

91.2 102.5 102.7 103.5 0.8 117.6 134.0 134.7 135.4 0.5

Construction

91.3 92.6 93.2 93.7 0.5 112.4 117.4 117.7 118.8 0.9

Manufacturing

90.0 91.5 91.9 92.1 0.2 109.8 113.6 114.3 114.4 0.1

Durable goods

89.0 90.4 90.8 91.1 0.3 108.7 112.3 113.0 113.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

92.0 93.2 93.7 94.2 0.5 112.1 116.1 116.9 117.4 0.4

Private service-providing

110.1 111.4 112.0 112.5 0.4 137.1 142.2 142.7 143.6 0.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

101.7 102.6 102.7 103.7 1.0 123.6 126.7 126.5 128.0 1.2

Wholesale trade

99.9 101.3 101.2 101.5 0.3 124.2 127.9 126.8 128.0 0.9

Retail trade

99.3 99.4 99.7 101.1 1.4 118.6 119.8 120.2 122.1 1.6

Transportation and warehousing

111.8 113.1 113.5 114.4 0.8 133.2 138.0 138.5 140.0 1.1

Utilities

100.6 101.8 101.1 101.3 0.2 127.5 132.6 132.6 132.4 -0.2

Information

91.0 89.8 89.7 89.1 -0.7 120.9 122.7 122.6 122.4 -0.2

Financial activities

102.5 104.1 104.2 104.6 0.4 130.2 135.9 136.8 137.4 0.4

Professional and business services

115.4 117.9 118.2 118.5 0.3 145.6 152.6 152.6 153.2 0.4

Education and health services

122.6 124.7 124.8 125.1 0.2 152.8 158.9 159.0 159.7 0.4

Leisure and hospitality

117.2 118.0 119.6 119.3 -0.3 142.4 148.1 150.1 150.1 0.0

Other services

105.2 105.5 105.8 106.0 0.2 134.5 138.3 138.7 139.2 0.4

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)
Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)

Total nonfarm

71,945 72,668 72,781 72,930 49.6 49.5 49.5 49.5

Total private

59,166 59,837 59,948 60,093 48.2 48.1 48.1 48.1

Goods-producing

4,332 4,424 4,429 4,451 21.9 22.0 22.0 22.0

Mining and logging

98 100 100 101 14.7 13.9 13.8 13.8

Construction

847 882 882 888 12.5 12.7 12.7 12.8

Manufacturing

3,387 3,442 3,447 3,462 27.5 27.6 27.6 27.7

Durable goods

1,805 1,823 1,824 1,837 23.5 23.4 23.4 23.5

Nondurable goods

1,582 1,619 1,623 1,625 34.2 34.6 34.6 34.6

Private service-providing

54,834 55,413 55,519 55,642 53.2 53.1 53.1 53.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

11,082 10,976 10,972 10,986 40.5 40.0 40.0 40.0

Wholesale trade

1,741.8 1,751.0 1,755.1 1,757.4 29.6 29.5 29.5 29.5

Retail trade

7,979.5 7,852.9 7,844.1 7,850.8 50.3 49.6 49.6 49.5

Transportation and warehousing

1,231.3 1,244.8 1,245.4 1,250.0 24.5 24.4 24.4 24.4

Utilities

129.8 127.1 127.1 127.3 23.3 23.0 23.0 23.0

Information

1,109 1,075 1,072 1,068 40.1 39.6 39.6 39.5

Financial activities

4,736 4,786 4,788 4,796 56.8 56.5 56.4 56.5

Professional and business services

9,140 9,377 9,413 9,465 44.8 45.0 45.1 45.2

Education and health services

17,582 17,878 17,881 17,910 77.0 77.0 76.9 76.9

Leisure and hospitality

8,183 8,268 8,332 8,353 52.0 52.0 52.1 52.1

Other services

3,002 3,053 3,061 3,064 52.5 52.9 52.9 52.8

Government

12,779 12,831 12,833 12,837 57.3 57.4 57.5 57.5

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)

Total private

101,164 102,511 102,739 102,897

Goods-producing

14,200 14,449 14,471 14,521

Mining and logging

466 521 522 528

Construction

5,095 5,183 5,184 5,199

Manufacturing

8,639 8,745 8,765 8,794

Durable goods

5,287 5,336 5,348 5,371

Nondurable goods

3,352 3,409 3,417 3,423

Private service-providing

86,964 88,062 88,268 88,376

Trade, transportation, and utilities

22,971 23,130 23,158 23,165

Wholesale trade

4,712.7 4,756.2 4,764.7 4,769.7

Retail trade

13,450.7 13,490.1 13,492.1 13,485.5

Transportation and warehousing

4,359.7 4,438.2 4,456.0 4,465.3

Utilities

447.4 445.3 444.7 444.3

Information

2,232 2,183 2,179 2,170

Financial activities

6,481 6,596 6,599 6,605

Professional and business services

16,667 16,995 17,040 17,088

Education and health services

20,016 20,395 20,406 20,452

Leisure and hospitality

13,860 13,984 14,099 14,104

Other services

4,737 4,779 4,787 4,792

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.6 33.6 33.7 33.7

Goods-producing

41.2 41.1 41.2 41.3

Mining and logging

45.5 45.9 45.8 45.5

Construction

39.8 39.4 39.4 39.6

Manufacturing

41.8 41.9 42.0 42.0

Durable goods

42.2 42.2 42.4 42.3

Nondurable goods

41.1 41.3 41.3 41.5

Private service-providing

32.4 32.4 32.5 32.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

33.5 33.8 33.9 34.1

Wholesale trade

38.8 38.9 39.0 39.0

Retail trade

29.7 30.3 30.4 30.6

Transportation and warehousing

38.5 38.2 38.3 38.4

Utilities

42.0 42.7 42.6 42.6

Information

35.4 35.9 35.9 35.8

Financial activities

36.9 36.9 37.0 37.0

Professional and business services

35.3 35.4 35.4 35.4

Education and health services

32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2

Leisure and hospitality

25.1 24.7 24.8 24.9

Other services

30.8 30.6 30.7 30.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.3 4.4 4.5 4.4

Durable goods

4.4 4.5 4.6 4.4

Nondurable goods

4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)
Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)

Total private

$21.74 $22.22 $22.19 $22.24 $730.46 $746.59 $747.80 $749.49

Goods-producing

22.79 23.33 23.33 23.35 938.95 958.86 961.20 964.36

Mining and logging

27.07 27.63 27.69 27.67 1,231.69 1,268.22 1,268.20 1,258.99

Construction

26.24 27.05 26.89 26.95 1,044.35 1,065.77 1,059.47 1,067.22

Manufacturing

20.60 20.98 21.06 21.06 861.08 879.06 884.52 884.52

Durable goods

21.62 21.97 22.04 22.03 912.36 927.13 934.50 931.87

Nondurable goods

18.96 19.39 19.49 19.51 779.26 800.81 804.94 809.67

Private service-providing

21.52 21.99 21.96 22.00 697.25 712.48 713.70 715.00

Trade, transportation, and utilities

19.13 19.47 19.44 19.51 640.86 658.09 659.02 665.29

Wholesale trade

24.36 24.87 24.76 24.90 945.17 967.44 965.64 971.10

Retail trade

15.18 15.39 15.38 15.44 450.85 466.32 467.55 472.46

Transportation and warehousing

20.98 21.52 21.56 21.62 807.73 822.06 825.75 830.21

Utilities

35.58 36.23 36.15 36.14 1,494.36 1,547.02 1,539.99 1,539.56

Information

30.31 30.82 30.88 31.09 1,072.97 1,106.44 1,108.59 1,113.02

Financial activities

26.28 26.65 26.66 26.61 969.73 983.39 986.42 984.57

Professional and business services

25.72 26.30 26.25 26.28 907.92 931.02 929.25 930.31

Education and health services

22.73 23.17 23.13 23.21 731.91 746.07 744.79 747.36

Leisure and hospitality

13.01 13.46 13.47 13.51 326.55 332.46 334.06 336.40

Other services

19.55 20.15 20.17 20.21 602.14 616.59 619.22 620.45

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)
Percent change from:
Oct.
2017 - Nov.
2017(p)
Nov.
2016
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017(p)
Nov.
2017(p)
Percent change from:
Oct.
2017 - Nov.
2017(p)

Total private

113.2 114.8 115.4 115.5 0.1 164.5 170.4 171.1 171.7 0.4

Goods-producing

89.4 90.7 91.1 91.6 0.5 124.8 129.6 130.2 131.0 0.6

Mining and logging

112.7 127.1 127.0 127.7 0.6 177.4 204.2 204.6 205.4 0.4

Construction

101.5 102.2 102.3 103.1 0.8 143.9 149.3 148.5 150.0 1.0

Manufacturing

82.9 84.1 84.5 84.8 0.4 111.7 115.4 116.4 116.8 0.3

Durable goods

83.9 84.6 85.2 85.4 0.2 113.2 116.1 117.3 117.4 0.1

Nondurable goods

81.2 83.0 83.1 83.7 0.7 108.8 113.7 114.5 115.4 0.8

Private service-providing

120.0 121.5 122.2 122.3 0.1 177.1 183.2 184.0 184.5 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

107.3 109.0 109.4 110.1 0.6 146.4 151.4 151.8 153.3 1.0

Wholesale trade

107.7 109.0 109.4 109.5 0.1 154.5 159.6 159.6 160.7 0.7

Retail trade

101.1 103.5 103.8 104.5 0.7 131.6 136.5 136.9 138.2 0.9

Transportation and warehousing

126.3 127.6 128.5 129.1 0.5 168.2 174.2 175.7 177.0 0.7

Utilities

96.1 97.2 96.9 96.8 -0.1 142.7 147.0 146.2 146.0 -0.1

Information

90.2 89.4 89.3 88.7 -0.7 135.3 136.5 136.5 136.5 0.0

Financial activities

112.6 114.6 114.9 115.0 0.1 182.0 187.9 188.5 188.3 -0.1

Professional and business services

131.9 134.8 135.2 135.6 0.3 201.8 211.0 211.2 212.0 0.4

Education and health services

137.4 140.0 140.1 140.4 0.2 206.2 214.1 213.9 215.1 0.6

Leisure and hospitality

127.4 126.5 128.1 128.6 0.4 188.3 193.4 195.9 197.4 0.8

Other services

102.3 102.6 103.1 103.2 0.1 145.8 150.6 151.5 151.9 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Last Modified Date: December 08, 2017