Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until	               USDL-25-1581
8:30 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, December 16, 2025

Technical information: 
 Household data:	(202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:	(202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                            THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- NOVEMBER 2025


Total nonfarm payroll employment changed little in November (+64,000) and has shown little net
change since April, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. In November, the 
unemployment rate, at 4.6 percent, was little changed from September. Employment rose in health
care and construction in November, while federal government continued to lose jobs.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey measures labor
force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The establishment survey 
measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For more information about the 
concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys, see the Technical Note.

 _________________________________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                                                 |
|                                   Federal Government Shutdown		                          |
|												  |
| Publication of November 2025 data was delayed by more than a week because of a lapse in federal |
| appropriations (from October 1 through November 12). Both the household and establishment       |
| surveys required additional data collection and processing time in November. BLS did not        |
| publish an October 2025 Employment Situation news release.                                      |
|                                                                                                 |
| For more information, see the additional notes about the impact of the shutdown on the          |
| household survey and the establishment survey at the end of this news release.                  |
|_________________________________________________________________________________________________|


Household Survey Data

In November, both the unemployment rate, at 4.6 percent, and the number of unemployed people, at 
7.8 million, were little changed from September. These measures are higher than last November, when
the jobless rate was 4.2 percent, and the number of unemployed people was 7.1 million. (See table 
A-1. Household survey data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government 
shutdown. Analysis of household survey data in this news release refers to changes from September 
to November unless otherwise specified. For more information about the impact of the shutdown on 
household data, see the note at the end of this news release.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for teenagers was 16.3 percent in November, an
increase from September. The jobless rates for adult men (4.1 percent), adult women (4.1 percent), 
Whites (3.9 percent), Blacks (8.3 percent), Asians (3.6 percent), and Hispanics (5.0 percent) 
showed little change. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The number of people jobless less than 5 weeks was 2.5 million in November, up by 316,000 from 
September. The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) changed little 
at 1.9 million in November and accounted for 24.3 percent of all unemployed people. (See table 
A-12.)

In November, both the labor force participation rate (62.5 percent) and the employment-population
ratio (59.6 percent) were little changed from September. These measures showed little or no change
over the year. (See table A-1.)

The number of people employed part time for economic reasons was 5.5 million in November, an 
increase of 909,000 from September. These individuals would have preferred full-time employment but
were working part time because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time
jobs. (See table A-8.)

The number of people not in the labor force who currently want a job, at 6.1 million in November, 
was little changed from September. These individuals were not counted as unemployed because they 
were not actively looking for work during the 4 weeks preceding the survey or were unavailable to
take a job. (See table A-1.)

Among those not in the labor force who wanted a job, the number of people marginally attached to 
the labor force, at 1.8 million in November, was little changed from September. These individuals
wanted and were available for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months but had
not looked for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. The number of discouraged workers, a 
subset of the marginally attached who believed that no jobs were available for them, also changed
little at 651,000 in November. (See Summary table A.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment changed little in November (+64,000) and has shown little net 
change since April. In November, employment rose in health care and construction. Federal 
government employment declined by 6,000, following a loss of 162,000 in October. (See table B-1.)

In November, health care added 46,000 jobs, in line with the average monthly gain of 39,000 over the
prior 12 months. Over the month, job gains occurred in ambulatory health care services (+24,000), 
hospitals (+11,000), and nursing and residential care facilities (+11,000).

Construction employment grew by 28,000 in November, as nonresidential specialty trade contractors
added 19,000 jobs. Construction employment had changed little over the prior 12 months. 

Employment in social assistance continued to trend up in November (+18,000), primarily in 
individual and family services (+13,000). 

In November, employment edged down in transportation and warehousing (-18,000), reflecting a job 
loss in couriers and messengers (-18,000). Transportation and warehousing employment has declined 
by 78,000 since reaching a peak in February. 

Federal government employment continued to decrease in November (-6,000). This follows a sharp 
decline of 162,000 in October, as some federal employees who accepted a deferred resignation offer
came off federal payrolls. Federal government employment is down by 271,000 since reaching a peak
in January. (Federal employees on furlough during the government shutdown were counted as employed
in the establishment survey because they received pay, even if later than usual, for the pay period
that included the 12th of the month. Employees on paid leave or receiving ongoing severance pay are
counted as employed in the establishment survey.)

Employment showed little change over the month in other major industries, including mining, 
quarrying, and oil and gas extraction; manufacturing; wholesale trade; retail trade; information;
financial activities; professional and business services; leisure and hospitality; and other 
services.

In November, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 5
cents, or 0.1 percent, to $36.86. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased 
by 3.5 percent. In November, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and 
nonsupervisory employees rose by 11 cents, or 0.3 percent, to $31.76. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1 hour to 34.3 
hours in November. In manufacturing, the average workweek changed little at 40.0 hours, and 
overtime was unchanged at 2.9 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory 
employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.7 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for August was revised down by 22,000, from -4,000 
to -26,000, and the change for September was revised down by 11,000, from +119,000 to +108,000. 
With these revisions, employment in August and September combined is 33,000 lower than previously
reported. Due to the recent federal government shutdown, this is the first publication of October
data and thus there are no revisions for October this month. (Monthly revisions result from 
additional reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published 
estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.)

_____________
The Employment Situation for December is scheduled to be released on Friday, January 9, 2026, at
8:30 a.m. (ET).


 _________________________________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                                                 |
|                 Household Survey Estimates and the Federal Government Shutdown                  |
|												  |
| There are no household survey estimates for October 2025. Household survey data were not        |
| collected for October 2025 due to the lapse in appropriations and were not collected            |
| retroactively. The November reference period was the week that contained the 12th of the month, |
| a typical reference week. Collection of November data began a day late due to the shutdown and  |
| was extended to provide more time for contacting households around the Thanksgiving holiday.    |
| The November response rate was lower than usual at 64.0 percent.                                |
|                                                                                                 |
| The lack of October 2025 data required an adjustment to the statistical weighting process. In   |
| the household survey, composite estimation relies on data from the previous month as an input   |
| to developing statistical weights for the current month's data. Without October data, the       |
| composite weighting formula was adjusted by shifting previously-collected data forward 1 month. |
|                                                                                                 |
| The November 2025 estimates are associated with slightly higher than usual standard errors.     |
| This is due to multiple reasons: lower survey response, composite weighting changes, and the    |
| use of a 2-month period of analysis rather than a 1-month period. For example, the November     |
| unemployment rate required a 0.26 percentage point change to be statistically significant       |
| compared with a required change in September of 0.21 percentage point.                          |
|                                                                                                 |
| There were no changes to the household survey seasonal adjustment methodology.                  |
|                                                                                                 |
| In the household survey, people are considered employed if they did any work at all for pay or  |
| profit during the survey reference week or were temporarily absent from their jobs or           |
| businesses. The lapse in appropriations lasted from October 1 through November 12, 2025. The    |
| survey reference week was November 9 through 15. Because the government reopened before the end |
| of the November reference week, federal government workers were counted as employed in the      |
| household survey.                                                                               |
|                                                                                                 |
| It is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of the federal government shutdown on       |
| household survey estimates for November.                                                        |
|                                                                                                 |
| Additional information about the impact of the shutdown on the household survey is available    |
| online at www.bls.gov/cps/methods/2025-federal-government-shutdown-impact-cps.htm.              |
|_________________________________________________________________________________________________|


 _________________________________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                                                 |
|               Establishment Survey Estimates and the Federal Government Shutdown 		  |
|												  |
| This news release includes the initial establishment survey estimates for both October and      |
| November; therefore, there are no revisions to report for October estimates. The collection     |
| periods for October and November estimates were extended. Due to the extended data collection   |
| period, October data are available at a detailed industry level that typically is only          |
| available with the second publication of data.                                                  |
|                                                                                                 |
| October estimates include data that businesses self-reported electronically during the shutdown |
| and data collected after the resumption of government operations in November. The collection    |
| rates for October (73.9 percent) and November (73.8 percent) are higher than usual as a result  |
| of the extended collection periods.                                                             |
|                                                                                                 |
| There was no change to the reference period for October or November; it remained the pay period |
| that includes the 12th of the month. There were no changes to seasonal adjustment or estimation |
| methodology.                                                                                    |
|                                                                                                 |
| The August and September data are final estimates and incorporate routine revisions.            |
|                                                                                                 |
| In the establishment survey, businesses and government agencies report the number of people on  |
| payrolls during the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Individuals who work or     |
| receive pay for any part of the pay period are defined as employed. Federal employees on        |
| furlough during the federal government shutdown were considered employed in the establishment   |
| survey because they worked or received pay, even if later than usual, for the pay period that   |
| included the 12th of the month. Other workers (including federal contractors) who did not work  | 
| or receive pay during the federal government shutdown were not counted among the employed.      |
|                                                                                                 |
| It is not possible to precisely quantify the total impact of the federal government shutdown on |
| payroll employment estimates for October and November.                                          |
|_________________________________________________________________________________________________|


 _________________________________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                                                 |
|                      Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data		          |
|												  |
| In accordance with usual practice, The Employment Situation news release for December 2025,     |
| scheduled for January 9, 2026, will incorporate annual revisions in seasonally adjusted         |
| household survey data. Seasonally adjusted data for the most recent 5 years are subject to      |
| revision.                                                                                       |
|_________________________________________________________________________________________________|


 _________________________________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                                                 |
|                     Population Control Adjustments to the Household Survey		          |
|												  |
| The annual population control adjustments that are usually incorporated with the release of     |
| January estimates in February will be delayed. When additional information is available, it     |
| will be announced at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#pop.                                     |
|_________________________________________________________________________________________________|


 _________________________________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                                                 |
|                 Upcoming Changes to the Establishment Survey Birth-Death Model                  |
|												  |
| Effective with the release of January 2026 data, the establishment survey will change the       |
| birth-death model by incorporating current sample information each month. The change follows    |
| the same methodology applied to the April through October 2024 forecasts during the 2024        |
| post-benchmark period (see question 9 in the CES Birth-Death Model Frequently Asked Questions   |
| page at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbdqa.htm).                                                    |
|_________________________________________________________________________________________________|

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]
Category	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025	Change from: Oct. 2025- Nov. 2025
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population	269,463	274,226	-	274,633	-
Civilian labor force	168,304	171,248	-	171,571	-
Participation rate	62.5	62.4	-	62.5	-
Employed	161,183	163,645	-	163,741	-
Employment-population ratio	59.8	59.7	-	59.6	-
Unemployed	7,121	7,603	-	7,831	-
Unemployment rate	4.2	4.4	-	4.6	-
Not in labor force	101,159	102,978	-	103,061	-

Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over	4.2	4.4	-	4.6	-
Adult men (20 years and over)	3.9	4.0	-	4.1	-
Adult women (20 years and over)	3.9	4.2	-	4.1	-
Teenagers (16 to 19 years)	13.1	13.2	-	16.3	-
White	3.8	3.8	-	3.9	-
Black or African American	6.4	7.5	-	8.3	-
Asian	3.8	4.4	-	3.6	-
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	5.3	5.5	-	5.0	-

Total, 25 years and over	3.5	3.5	-	3.7	-
Less than a high school diploma	6.0	6.8	-	6.8	-
High school graduates, no college	4.6	4.2	-	4.4	-
Some college or associate degree	3.6	3.4	-	3.5	-
Bachelor's degree and higher	2.5	2.8	-	2.9	-

Reason for unemployment
Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs	3,394	3,525	-	3,559	-
Job leavers	854	861	-	862	-
Reentrants	2,182	2,325	-	2,618	-
New entrants	690	813	-	765	-

Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks	2,208	2,227	-	2,543	-
5 to 14 weeks	2,063	2,367	-	2,202	-
15 to 26 weeks	1,236	1,290	-	1,189	-
27 weeks and over	1,654	1,814	-	1,910	-

Employed people at work part time
Part time for economic reasons	4,469	4,579	-	5,488	-
Slack work or business conditions	3,125	3,123	-	3,444	-
Could only find part-time work	1,084	1,170	-	1,759	-
Part time for noneconomic reasons	22,380	22,756	-	23,126	-

People not in the labor force
Marginally attached to the labor force	1,572	1,742	-	1,825	-
Discouraged workers	401	557	-	651	-
NOTE: People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	261	108	-105	64
Total private	244	104	52	69
Goods-producing	28	17	-9	19
Mining and logging	2	-3	1	-4
Construction	6	25	-1	28
Manufacturing	20	-5	-9	-5
Durable goods(1)	27	-5	-7	-4
Motor vehicles and parts	-0.9	-4.1	-2.0	-4.9
Nondurable goods	-7	0	-2	-1
Private service-providing	216	87	61	50
Wholesale trade	5.1	8.9	2.3	-2.2
Retail trade	-13.5	23.4	-2.4	6.2
Transportation and warehousing	27.7	-33.4	-0.5	-17.7
Utilities	-0.3	-0.2	0.3	1.0
Information	5	-3	-5	-4
Financial activities	16	6	-3	-2
Professional and business services(1)	37	-8	-7	12
Temporary help services	30.0	-6.2	-12.7	-5.0
Private education and health services(1)	73	56	59	65
Health care and social assistance	78.9	59.1	64.6	64.0
Leisure and hospitality	54	42	16	-12
Other services	12	-5	2	3
Government	17	4	-157	-5

(3-month average change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	182	51	-8	22
Total private	150	57	55	75

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)
Total nonfarm women employees	49.9	49.9	49.9	49.9
Total private women employees	48.4	48.4	48.4	48.4
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees	81.4	81.5	81.5	81.6

HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	34.3	34.2	34.2	34.3
Average hourly earnings	$35.61	$36.65	$36.81	$36.86
Average weekly earnings	$1,221.42	$1,253.43	$1,258.90	$1,264.30
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)	116.3	116.8	116.8	117.2
Over-the-month percent change	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.3
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)	198.0	204.6	205.6	206.6
Over-the-month percent change	0.5	0.2	0.5	0.5

DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)(5)
Total private (250 industries)	58.6	54.6	51.2	56.8
Manufacturing (72 industries)	47.9	50.0	43.8	46.5
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. (4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. (5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
over-the-month employment change of about 136,000 is statistically significant in
the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
in the household survey is about 600,000. However, the household survey has a more
expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cestn.htm#Revisions-Between-Preliminary-and-Final-Data.

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

Yes. About 45 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

Yes. Monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed people limited to just those receiving unemployment
insurance benefits?

No. The estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
All people who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
looking for work?

Yes. However, there are separate estimates of people outside the labor force who
want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.

It is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll
employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment
estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period.
Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in
the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid,
please visit www.bls.gov/ces/publications/length-pay-period.htm.

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
includes the 12th of the month. People who miss the entire week's work for weather-
related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
off. The household survey collects data on the number of people who had a job but
were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
people who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather.

Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
statistics page, please visit data.bls.gov/toppicks?survey=ln.

Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 121,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 631,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll jobs.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during
the 4-week period ending with the reference week. People laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of the employed and unemployed.
Those people not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including people on paid leave. People are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2022 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable. The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or 
more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and
duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component
series and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted
total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 136,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-86,000 to +186,000 (50,000 +/- 136,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. Benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries
when necessary. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.1 percent, with a range from -0.3 percent to 0.3 percent.

Other information

   If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1
to access telecommunications relay services.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
Employment status, sex, and age	Nov. 2024	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population	269,463	-	274,633	269,463	273,785	274,001	274,226	-	274,633
Civilian labor force	168,164	-	171,467	168,304	170,342	170,778	171,248	-	171,571
Participation rate	62.4	-	62.4	62.5	62.2	62.3	62.4	-	62.5
Employed	161,456	-	164,066	161,183	163,106	163,394	163,645	-	163,741
Employment-population ratio	59.9	-	59.7	59.8	59.6	59.6	59.7	-	59.6
Unemployed	6,708	-	7,401	7,121	7,236	7,384	7,603	-	7,831
Unemployment rate	4.0	-	4.3	4.2	4.2	4.3	4.4	-	4.6
Not in labor force	101,299	-	103,165	101,159	103,443	103,223	102,978	-	103,061
People who currently want a job	5,133	-	5,774	5,483	6,175	6,354	5,933	-	6,136

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	131,371	-	133,957	131,371	133,546	133,651	133,760	-	133,957
Civilian labor force	88,922	-	90,525	89,151	90,319	90,882	90,675	-	90,761
Participation rate	67.7	-	67.6	67.9	67.6	68.0	67.8	-	67.8
Employed	85,296	-	86,582	85,318	86,347	86,886	86,650	-	86,597
Employment-population ratio	64.9	-	64.6	64.9	64.7	65.0	64.8	-	64.6
Unemployed	3,626	-	3,942	3,833	3,973	3,996	4,024	-	4,164
Unemployment rate	4.1	-	4.4	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.4	-	4.6
Not in labor force	42,450	-	43,433	42,220	43,227	42,769	43,085	-	43,196

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	122,398	-	124,889	122,398	124,462	124,571	124,684	-	124,889
Civilian labor force	85,908	-	87,584	85,982	87,111	87,757	87,473	-	87,653
Participation rate	70.2	-	70.1	70.2	70.0	70.4	70.2	-	70.2
Employed	82,745	-	84,157	82,633	83,660	84,171	83,932	-	84,025
Employment-population ratio	67.6	-	67.4	67.5	67.2	67.6	67.3	-	67.3
Unemployed	3,164	-	3,427	3,348	3,450	3,586	3,540	-	3,627
Unemployment rate	3.7	-	3.9	3.9	4.0	4.1	4.0	-	4.1
Not in labor force	36,490	-	37,305	36,417	37,351	36,814	37,211	-	37,237

Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	138,092	-	140,676	138,092	140,239	140,350	140,466	-	140,676
Civilian labor force	79,242	-	80,943	79,153	80,023	79,896	80,573	-	80,810
Participation rate	57.4	-	57.5	57.3	57.1	56.9	57.4	-	57.4
Employed	76,161	-	77,484	75,865	76,760	76,508	76,994	-	77,144
Employment-population ratio	55.2	-	55.1	54.9	54.7	54.5	54.8	-	54.8
Unemployed	3,082	-	3,459	3,288	3,263	3,388	3,579	-	3,666
Unemployment rate	3.9	-	4.3	4.2	4.1	4.2	4.4	-	4.5
Not in labor force	58,850	-	59,733	58,939	60,216	60,455	59,893	-	59,865

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	129,428	-	131,935	129,428	131,481	131,597	131,717	-	131,935
Civilian labor force	76,149	-	77,725	75,920	76,991	76,820	77,307	-	77,454
Participation rate	58.8	-	58.9	58.7	58.6	58.4	58.7	-	58.7
Employed	73,386	-	74,736	72,988	74,155	73,881	74,096	-	74,303
Employment-population ratio	56.7	-	56.6	56.4	56.4	56.1	56.3	-	56.3
Unemployed	2,762	-	2,990	2,932	2,836	2,939	3,211	-	3,150
Unemployment rate	3.6	-	3.8	3.9	3.7	3.8	4.2	-	4.1
Not in labor force	53,280	-	54,210	53,509	54,490	54,776	54,411	-	54,482

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population	17,636	-	17,808	17,636	17,843	17,833	17,824	-	17,808
Civilian labor force	6,107	-	6,158	6,403	6,241	6,200	6,469	-	6,465
Participation rate	34.6	-	34.6	36.3	35.0	34.8	36.3	-	36.3
Employed	5,325	-	5,173	5,562	5,291	5,342	5,617	-	5,412
Employment-population ratio	30.2	-	29.0	31.5	29.7	30.0	31.5	-	30.4
Unemployed	782	-	985	841	950	859	852	-	1,054
Unemployment rate	12.8	-	16.0	13.1	15.2	13.9	13.2	-	16.3
Not in labor force	11,529	-	11,650	11,233	11,602	11,633	11,356	-	11,343
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
Employment status, race, sex, and age	Nov. 2024	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population	205,521	-	207,980	205,521	207,569	207,675	207,788	-	207,980
Civilian labor force	127,617	-	128,310	127,710	128,628	128,386	128,553	-	128,391
Participation rate	62.1	-	61.7	62.1	62.0	61.8	61.9	-	61.7
Employed	123,117	-	123,701	122,856	123,864	123,581	123,731	-	123,424
Employment-population ratio	59.9	-	59.5	59.8	59.7	59.5	59.5	-	59.3
Unemployed	4,500	-	4,609	4,854	4,764	4,806	4,822	-	4,966
Unemployment rate	3.5	-	3.6	3.8	3.7	3.7	3.8	-	3.9
Not in labor force	77,904	-	79,670	77,811	78,941	79,289	79,235	-	79,589
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	66,242	-	66,611	66,289	66,741	66,931	66,717	-	66,634
Participation rate	69.9	-	69.4	69.9	69.6	69.8	69.5	-	69.4
Employed	64,086	-	64,409	63,965	64,414	64,482	64,355	-	64,257
Employment-population ratio	67.6	-	67.1	67.5	67.2	67.3	67.1	-	66.9
Unemployed	2,156	-	2,202	2,324	2,327	2,450	2,362	-	2,377
Unemployment rate	3.3	-	3.3	3.5	3.5	3.7	3.5	-	3.6
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	56,666	-	57,160	56,462	57,008	56,703	56,994	-	56,955
Participation rate	57.8	-	57.6	57.6	57.6	57.3	57.5	-	57.4
Employed	54,894	-	55,352	54,545	55,259	54,911	55,073	-	55,009
Employment-population ratio	56.0	-	55.8	55.7	55.8	55.5	55.6	-	55.5
Unemployed	1,772	-	1,808	1,916	1,749	1,792	1,922	-	1,946
Unemployment rate	3.1	-	3.2	3.4	3.1	3.2	3.4	-	3.4
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	4,709	-	4,539	4,959	4,879	4,752	4,841	-	4,801
Participation rate	37.0	-	35.6	39.0	38.2	37.2	37.9	-	37.7
Employed	4,137	-	3,940	4,346	4,191	4,188	4,303	-	4,158
Employment-population ratio	32.5	-	30.9	34.2	32.8	32.8	33.7	-	32.6
Unemployed	572	-	599	613	688	564	538	-	643
Unemployment rate	12.1	-	13.2	12.4	14.1	11.9	11.1	-	13.4

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	35,161	-	35,961	35,161	35,818	35,854	35,892	-	35,961
Civilian labor force	21,938	-	22,941	21,952	22,071	22,431	22,582	-	22,963
Participation rate	62.4	-	63.8	62.4	61.6	62.6	62.9	-	63.9
Employed	20,588	-	21,109	20,556	20,484	20,744	20,885	-	21,068
Employment-population ratio	58.6	-	58.7	58.5	57.2	57.9	58.2	-	58.6
Unemployed	1,350	-	1,832	1,396	1,587	1,687	1,697	-	1,895
Unemployment rate	6.2	-	8.0	6.4	7.2	7.5	7.5	-	8.3
Not in labor force	13,223	-	13,020	13,208	13,747	13,423	13,309	-	12,998
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	10,255	-	10,763	10,267	10,346	10,646	10,590	-	10,780
Participation rate	68.6	-	70.3	68.7	67.9	69.8	69.4	-	70.4
Employed	9,666	-	9,981	9,655	9,623	9,893	9,889	-	9,971
Employment-population ratio	64.7	-	65.2	64.6	63.2	64.9	64.8	-	65.2
Unemployed	589	-	783	612	723	753	701	-	809
Unemployment rate	5.7	-	7.3	6.0	7.0	7.1	6.6	-	7.5
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	10,974	-	11,272	10,953	10,941	11,000	11,099	-	11,239
Participation rate	62.4	-	62.7	62.3	61.1	61.4	61.9	-	62.5
Employed	10,336	-	10,487	10,301	10,247	10,260	10,269	-	10,442
Employment-population ratio	58.8	-	58.3	58.6	57.2	57.3	57.2	-	58.1
Unemployed	638	-	785	651	694	739	830	-	796
Unemployment rate	5.8	-	7.0	5.9	6.3	6.7	7.5	-	7.1
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	709	-	905	733	783	785	894	-	944
Participation rate	26.9	-	33.8	27.8	29.2	29.3	33.3	-	35.2
Employed	586	-	642	600	614	590	727	-	655
Employment-population ratio	22.2	-	23.9	22.8	22.9	22.0	27.1	-	24.4
Unemployed	123	-	264	133	170	195	167	-	289
Unemployment rate	17.3	-	29.1	18.1	21.7	24.8	18.6	-	30.7

ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	18,213	-	19,836	18,213	19,313	19,408	19,519	-	19,836
Civilian labor force	11,724	-	13,052	11,759	12,530	12,615	12,740	-	13,084
Participation rate	64.4	-	65.8	64.6	64.9	65.0	65.3	-	66.0
Employed	11,288	-	12,593	11,318	12,036	12,163	12,184	-	12,618
Employment-population ratio	62.0	-	63.5	62.1	62.3	62.7	62.4	-	63.6
Unemployed	436	-	459	441	494	452	556	-	466
Unemployment rate	3.7	-	3.5	3.8	3.9	3.6	4.4	-	3.6
Not in labor force	6,489	-	6,784	6,454	6,783	6,793	6,779	-	6,752
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
Employment status, sex, and age	Nov. 2024	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population	49,385	-	51,971	49,385	51,514	51,629	51,746	-	51,971
Civilian labor force	33,097	-	35,081	33,039	34,500	34,579	34,831	-	35,025
Participation rate	67.0	-	67.5	66.9	67.0	67.0	67.3	-	67.4
Employed	31,435	-	33,401	31,297	32,773	32,758	32,914	-	33,257
Employment-population ratio	63.7	-	64.3	63.4	63.6	63.4	63.6	-	64.0
Unemployed	1,662	-	1,680	1,743	1,727	1,820	1,918	-	1,768
Unemployment rate	5.0	-	4.8	5.3	5.0	5.3	5.5	-	5.0
Not in labor force	16,288	-	16,891	16,345	17,014	17,050	16,914	-	16,946
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	17,694	-	18,658	17,716	18,435	18,509	18,574	-	18,680
Participation rate	79.3	-	79.1	79.4	78.9	79.0	79.1	-	79.2
Employed	16,972	-	17,871	16,941	17,652	17,623	17,715	-	17,832
Employment-population ratio	76.0	-	75.8	75.9	75.6	75.3	75.5	-	75.6
Unemployed	722	-	787	775	782	886	859	-	848
Unemployment rate	4.1	-	4.2	4.4	4.2	4.8	4.6	-	4.5
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	13,979	-	14,967	13,879	14,450	14,514	14,684	-	14,863
Participation rate	62.3	-	63.4	61.9	61.8	61.9	62.5	-	63.0
Employed	13,273	-	14,325	13,154	13,797	13,804	13,872	-	14,203
Employment-population ratio	59.2	-	60.7	58.6	59.0	58.9	59.1	-	60.2
Unemployed	706	-	642	724	652	710	812	-	660
Unemployment rate	5.1	-	4.3	5.2	4.5	4.9	5.5	-	4.4
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	1,424	-	1,456	1,445	1,616	1,556	1,574	-	1,482
Participation rate	30.8	-	30.4	31.2	33.8	32.5	32.9	-	31.0
Employed	1,190	-	1,205	1,201	1,323	1,331	1,327	-	1,222
Employment-population ratio	25.7	-	25.2	26.0	27.7	27.9	27.8	-	25.5
Unemployed	234	-	251	244	292	224	247	-	260
Unemployment rate	16.4	-	17.2	16.9	18.1	14.4	15.7	-	17.5
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Educational attainment	Nov. 2024	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force	9,115	-	8,915	9,074	9,036	8,651	8,871	-	8,870
Participation rate	47.4	-	46.9	47.2	49.0	47.5	47.6	-	46.6
Employed	8,619	-	8,354	8,530	8,534	8,071	8,268	-	8,264
Employment-population ratio	44.8	-	43.9	44.3	46.3	44.3	44.3	-	43.5
Unemployed	496	-	562	544	501	580	602	-	606
Unemployment rate	5.4	-	6.3	6.0	5.5	6.7	6.8	-	6.8

High school graduates, no college(1)
Civilian labor force	35,977	-	37,147	36,038	36,255	36,833	36,162	-	37,197
Participation rate	56.8	-	57.9	56.9	56.5	56.9	56.6	-	58.0
Employed	34,378	-	35,559	34,380	34,658	35,233	34,638	-	35,559
Employment-population ratio	54.3	-	55.4	54.3	54.0	54.4	54.2	-	55.4
Unemployed	1,599	-	1,588	1,658	1,597	1,600	1,524	-	1,638
Unemployment rate	4.4	-	4.3	4.6	4.4	4.3	4.2	-	4.4

Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force	35,875	-	36,377	35,658	36,212	36,210	36,573	-	36,258
Participation rate	62.9	-	62.1	62.5	63.0	63.6	62.9	-	61.9
Employed	34,654	-	35,165	34,370	35,129	35,046	35,319	-	34,986
Employment-population ratio	60.7	-	60.0	60.2	61.1	61.5	60.7	-	59.7
Unemployed	1,221	-	1,212	1,288	1,083	1,164	1,254	-	1,272
Unemployment rate	3.4	-	3.3	3.6	3.0	3.2	3.4	-	3.5

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)
Civilian labor force	65,854	-	67,218	65,763	67,178	67,599	67,509	-	67,195
Participation rate	72.5	-	72.2	72.5	71.5	71.7	72.1	-	72.2
Employed	64,328	-	65,345	64,149	65,339	65,789	65,587	-	65,243
Employment-population ratio	70.9	-	70.2	70.7	69.6	69.8	70.0	-	70.1
Unemployed	1,525	-	1,872	1,614	1,838	1,810	1,923	-	1,952
Unemployment rate	2.3	-	2.8	2.5	2.7	2.7	2.8	-	2.9
Footnotes (1) Includes people with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes people with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Total		Men		Women
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	17,457	17,131	15,401	15,050	2,056	2,081
Civilian labor force	8,451	8,225	7,229	7,061	1,223	1,164
Participation rate	48.4	48.0	46.9	46.9	59.5	55.9
Employed	8,216	7,946	7,037	6,811	1,178	1,135
Employment-population ratio	47.1	46.4	45.7	45.3	57.3	54.5
Unemployed	236	279	191	250	44	29
Unemployment rate	2.8	3.4	2.6	3.5	3.6	2.5
Not in labor force	9,006	8,906	8,172	7,989	833	917

Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	5,339	5,519	4,322	4,492	1,017	1,028
Civilian labor force	4,268	4,289	3,514	3,599	754	690
Participation rate	79.9	77.7	81.3	80.1	74.1	67.1
Employed	4,135	4,104	3,414	3,428	721	676
Employment-population ratio	77.5	74.4	79.0	76.3	70.9	65.7
Unemployed	133	185	100	171	33	14
Unemployment rate	3.1	4.3	2.9	4.7	4.3	2.1
Not in labor force	1,071	1,230	807	893	263	338

Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	2,860	3,401	2,465	2,915	395	485
Civilian labor force	1,950	2,233	1,679	1,921	271	311
Participation rate	68.2	65.7	68.1	65.9	68.7	64.1
Employed	1,912	2,196	1,649	1,896	263	300
Employment-population ratio	66.8	64.6	66.9	65.0	66.7	61.8
Unemployed	38	37	30	26	8	11
Unemployment rate	2.0	1.7	1.8	1.3	3.0	3.6
Not in labor force	910	1,168	787	994	124	174

Vietnam-era and earlier wartime veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	5,524	4,752	5,289	4,570	235	182
Civilian labor force	712	506	683	482	29	24
Participation rate	12.9	10.7	12.9	10.5	12.5	13.4
Employed	705	487	675	463	29	24
Employment-population ratio	12.8	10.3	12.8	10.1	12.5	13.4
Unemployed	8	19	8	19	0	0
Unemployment rate	1.1	3.7	1.1	3.9	-	-
Not in labor force	4,812	4,246	4,606	4,088	206	158

Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,734	3,459	3,325	3,073	409	386
Civilian labor force	1,521	1,197	1,353	1,059	168	138
Participation rate	40.7	34.6	40.7	34.5	41.1	35.8
Employed	1,464	1,159	1,300	1,024	164	135
Employment-population ratio	39.2	33.5	39.1	33.3	40.2	34.9
Unemployed	57	38	53	35	4	3
Unemployment rate	3.7	3.2	3.9	3.3	2.2	2.4
Not in labor force	2,213	2,262	1,972	2,014	241	248

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	242,702	248,161	111,211	114,011	131,491	134,150
Civilian labor force	157,548	161,013	80,665	82,394	76,883	78,619
Participation rate	64.9	64.9	72.5	72.3	58.5	58.6
Employed	151,380	154,262	77,434	78,904	73,946	75,358
Employment-population ratio	62.4	62.2	69.6	69.2	56.2	56.2
Unemployed	6,168	6,751	3,231	3,490	2,937	3,261
Unemployment rate	3.9	4.2	4.0	4.2	3.8	4.1
Not in labor force	85,154	87,148	30,546	31,617	54,608	55,531
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age	People with a disability		People with no disability
Employment status, sex, and age	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	34,844	36,638	234,619	237,995
Civilian labor force	8,751	9,592	159,413	161,875
Participation rate	25.1	26.2	67.9	68.0
Employed	8,130	8,924	153,327	155,143
Employment-population ratio	23.3	24.4	65.4	65.2
Unemployed	622	668	6,086	6,733
Unemployment rate	7.1	7.0	3.8	4.2
Not in labor force	26,093	27,046	75,207	76,119

Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	3,771	4,013	78,616	79,784
Participation rate	42.3	44.2	82.9	82.8
Employed	3,472	3,696	75,475	76,371
Employment-population ratio	39.0	40.7	79.6	79.2
Unemployed	299	318	3,141	3,413
Unemployment rate	7.9	7.9	4.0	4.3
Not in labor force	5,139	5,059	16,257	16,623

Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	3,473	3,931	70,501	71,646
Participation rate	39.8	41.5	73.1	73.7
Employed	3,225	3,686	67,854	68,631
Employment-population ratio	36.9	38.9	70.3	70.6
Unemployed	248	245	2,647	3,015
Unemployment rate	7.1	6.2	3.8	4.2
Not in labor force	5,258	5,541	26,007	25,603

Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force	1,507	1,647	10,296	10,445
Participation rate	8.8	9.1	23.8	23.6
Employed	1,432	1,543	9,998	10,140
Employment-population ratio	8.3	8.5	23.1	22.9
Unemployed	75	105	298	305
Unemployment rate	5.0	6.4	2.9	2.9
Not in labor force	15,696	16,446	32,943	33,893
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity	Total		Men		Women
Employment status and nativity	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	48,707	48,558	23,897	23,579	24,810	24,979
Civilian labor force	32,272	32,205	18,429	18,000	13,843	14,206
Participation rate	66.3	66.3	77.1	76.3	55.8	56.9
Employed	30,823	30,802	17,698	17,315	13,126	13,487
Employment-population ratio	63.3	63.4	74.1	73.4	52.9	54.0
Unemployed	1,449	1,403	732	685	717	719
Unemployment rate	4.5	4.4	4.0	3.8	5.2	5.1
Not in labor force	16,435	16,353	5,468	5,579	10,967	10,773

Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	220,756	226,075	107,474	110,378	113,282	115,696
Civilian labor force	135,892	139,262	70,492	72,525	65,399	66,737
Participation rate	61.6	61.6	65.6	65.7	57.7	57.7
Employed	130,633	133,264	67,598	69,267	63,035	63,997
Employment-population ratio	59.2	58.9	62.9	62.8	55.6	55.3
Unemployed	5,259	5,998	2,895	3,258	2,364	2,740
Unemployment rate	3.9	4.3	4.1	4.5	3.6	4.1
Not in labor force	84,864	86,813	36,982	37,853	47,882	48,959
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are people who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed people by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands]
Category	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Category	Nov. 2024	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries	2,163	-	2,148	2,202	2,216	2,238	2,198	-	2,189
Wage and salary workers(1)	1,446	-	1,374	1,489	1,610	1,530	1,519	-	1,444
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	688	-	760	701	554	670	657	-	761
Unpaid family workers	29	-	15	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nonagricultural industries	159,294	-	161,918	159,070	160,962	161,165	161,411	-	161,637
Wage and salary workers(1)	150,153	-	152,351	149,881	151,816	151,837	152,294	-	152,017
Government	22,456	-	22,346	22,188	21,635	22,446	22,554	-	22,051
Private industries	127,697	-	130,005	127,709	130,131	129,247	129,757	-	129,963
Private households	629	-	584	-	-	-	-	-	-
Other industries	127,068	-	129,422	127,155	129,534	128,781	129,215	-	129,482
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	9,095	-	9,499	9,122	9,060	9,247	9,073	-	9,496
Unpaid family workers	46	-	68	-	-	-	-	-	-

PEOPLE AT WORK PART TIME(2)
All industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	4,325	-	5,350	4,469	4,684	4,749	4,579	-	5,488
Slack work or business conditions	3,055	-	3,379	3,125	3,035	3,063	3,123	-	3,444
Could only find part-time work	1,001	-	1,612	1,084	1,264	1,308	1,170	-	1,759
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	23,127	-	23,896	22,380	22,770	23,298	22,756	-	23,126
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	4,252	-	5,288	4,387	4,559	4,682	4,491	-	5,419
Slack work or business conditions	2,990	-	3,357	3,072	2,932	3,010	3,048	-	3,434
Could only find part-time work	999	-	1,600	1,077	1,257	1,309	1,162	-	1,738
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	22,756	-	23,502	22,029	22,392	22,855	22,355	-	22,745
Footnotes (1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. (2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed people who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. (3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. (4) Refers to people who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes people who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Characteristic	Nov. 2024	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	161,456	-	164,066	161,183	163,106	163,394	163,645	-	163,741
16 to 19 years	5,325	-	5,173	5,562	5,291	5,342	5,617	-	5,412
16 to 17 years	1,861	-	1,858	1,930	1,985	1,911	2,115	-	1,936
18 to 19 years	3,465	-	3,315	3,630	3,290	3,415	3,474	-	3,472
20 years and over	156,131	-	158,893	155,621	157,815	158,052	158,028	-	158,329
20 to 24 years	14,152	-	14,470	14,142	14,321	13,972	14,166	-	14,446
25 years and over	141,979	-	144,423	141,409	143,522	143,981	143,874	-	143,876
25 to 54 years	104,014	-	106,212	103,615	105,425	105,877	105,879	-	105,818
25 to 34 years	35,642	-	36,293	35,463	36,169	36,250	36,046	-	36,119
35 to 44 years	36,365	-	37,310	36,274	37,041	37,252	37,354	-	37,224
45 to 54 years	32,007	-	32,610	31,878	32,216	32,375	32,479	-	32,475
55 years and over	37,966	-	38,211	37,794	38,097	38,104	37,996	-	38,058

Men, 16 years and over	85,296	-	86,582	85,318	86,347	86,886	86,650	-	86,597
16 to 19 years	2,551	-	2,425	2,685	2,686	2,715	2,718	-	2,571
16 to 17 years	825	-	867	886	931	855	960	-	936
18 to 19 years	1,726	-	1,558	1,797	1,742	1,839	1,734	-	1,630
20 years and over	82,745	-	84,157	82,633	83,660	84,171	83,932	-	84,025
20 to 24 years	7,135	-	7,349	7,172	7,266	7,159	7,315	-	7,387
25 years and over	75,610	-	76,809	75,425	76,392	76,932	76,623	-	76,616
25 to 54 years	55,232	-	56,368	55,113	55,948	56,382	56,314	-	56,238
25 to 34 years	18,907	-	19,346	18,838	19,264	19,343	19,204	-	19,284
35 to 44 years	19,427	-	19,975	19,418	19,737	20,004	20,026	-	19,957
45 to 54 years	16,898	-	17,047	16,856	16,947	17,035	17,084	-	16,997
55 years and over	20,378	-	20,440	20,312	20,444	20,550	20,309	-	20,377

Women, 16 years and over	76,161	-	77,484	75,865	76,760	76,508	76,994	-	77,144
16 to 19 years	2,774	-	2,748	2,877	2,605	2,627	2,899	-	2,840
16 to 17 years	1,036	-	991	1,043	1,054	1,056	1,155	-	1,000
18 to 19 years	1,738	-	1,757	1,832	1,548	1,576	1,740	-	1,841
20 years and over	73,386	-	74,736	72,988	74,155	73,881	74,096	-	74,303
20 to 24 years	7,017	-	7,122	6,970	7,055	6,813	6,851	-	7,059
25 years and over	66,369	-	67,614	65,985	67,129	67,049	67,252	-	67,260
25 to 54 years	48,781	-	49,844	48,502	49,477	49,495	49,565	-	49,580
25 to 34 years	16,735	-	16,946	16,625	16,905	16,908	16,842	-	16,835
35 to 44 years	16,938	-	17,335	16,856	17,304	17,247	17,328	-	17,267
45 to 54 years	15,108	-	15,562	15,022	15,269	15,340	15,395	-	15,477
55 years and over	17,588	-	17,770	17,482	17,652	17,554	17,686	-	17,681

MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present(1)	45,903	-	46,363	45,828	46,905	46,898	46,201	-	46,311
Married women, spouse present(1)	37,193	-	37,563	36,993	37,921	38,006	38,009	-	37,426
Women who maintain families(2)	9,632	-	10,238	-	-	-	-	-	-

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(3)	133,364	-	134,102	133,423	134,837	134,480	135,153	-	134,170
Part-time workers(4)	28,092	-	29,964	27,671	28,437	29,034	28,461	-	29,486

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders	8,716	-	9,471	8,577	8,342	8,785	8,802	-	9,301
Percent of total employed	5.4	-	5.8	5.3	5.1	5.4	5.4	-	5.7

SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated	6,834	-	7,140	-	-	-	-	-	-
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	9,783	-	10,259	9,823	9,613	9,917	9,731	-	10,257
Footnotes (1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to people in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to people in opposite-sex married couples only. (2) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. (3) Employed full-time workers are people who usually work 35 hours or more per week. (4) Employed part-time workers are people who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic	Number of unemployed people (in thousands)			Unemployment rates
Characteristic	Nov. 2024	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	7,121	-	7,831	4.2	4.2	4.3	4.4	-	4.6
16 to 19 years	841	-	1,054	13.1	15.2	13.9	13.2	-	16.3
16 to 17 years	316	-	401	14.1	14.8	15.4	14.7	-	17.1
18 to 19 years	518	-	640	12.5	15.6	13.0	12.5	-	15.6
20 years and over	6,280	-	6,777	3.9	3.8	4.0	4.1	-	4.1
20 to 24 years	1,200	-	1,306	7.8	7.9	9.2	9.2	-	8.3
25 years and over	5,139	-	5,512	3.5	3.4	3.4	3.5	-	3.7
25 to 54 years	3,958	-	4,304	3.7	3.6	3.6	3.7	-	3.9
25 to 34 years	1,667	-	1,890	4.5	4.3	4.4	4.8	-	5.0
35 to 44 years	1,368	-	1,326	3.6	3.4	3.5	3.2	-	3.4
45 to 54 years	923	-	1,088	2.8	2.9	2.9	2.8	-	3.2
55 years and over	1,180	-	1,202	3.0	2.9	2.9	3.3	-	3.1

Men, 16 years and over	3,833	-	4,164	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.4	-	4.6
16 to 19 years	485	-	537	15.3	16.3	13.1	15.1	-	17.3
16 to 17 years	200	-	205	18.4	18.1	17.5	16.7	-	18.0
18 to 19 years	287	-	336	13.8	15.3	11.2	14.7	-	17.1
20 years and over	3,348	-	3,627	3.9	4.0	4.1	4.0	-	4.1
20 to 24 years	707	-	742	9.0	8.3	9.9	9.4	-	9.1
25 years and over	2,693	-	2,925	3.4	3.5	3.5	3.5	-	3.7
25 to 54 years	2,052	-	2,247	3.6	3.7	3.7	3.5	-	3.8
25 to 34 years	903	-	956	4.6	4.6	4.6	5.0	-	4.7
35 to 44 years	667	-	711	3.3	3.4	3.5	2.7	-	3.4
45 to 54 years	482	-	581	2.8	2.9	3.0	2.8	-	3.3
55 years and over	641	-	677	3.1	2.9	3.0	3.4	-	3.2

Women, 16 years and over	3,288	-	3,666	4.2	4.1	4.2	4.4	-	4.5
16 to 19 years	357	-	516	11.0	14.1	14.6	11.3	-	15.4
16 to 17 years	116	-	195	10.0	11.7	13.6	13.0	-	16.3
18 to 19 years	231	-	304	11.2	16.0	15.1	10.2	-	14.2
20 years and over	2,932	-	3,150	3.9	3.7	3.8	4.2	-	4.1
20 to 24 years	493	-	564	6.6	7.4	8.5	9.0	-	7.4
25 years and over	2,445	-	2,588	3.6	3.3	3.3	3.6	-	3.7
25 to 54 years	1,906	-	2,056	3.8	3.5	3.5	3.8	-	4.0
25 to 34 years	764	-	934	4.4	3.9	4.2	4.6	-	5.3
35 to 44 years	701	-	615	4.0	3.5	3.4	3.8	-	3.4
45 to 54 years	441	-	507	2.9	2.9	2.8	2.8	-	3.2
55 years and over	543	-	530	3.0	2.8	2.9	3.1	-	2.9

MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present(1)	1,016	-	1,147	2.2	2.1	2.4	2.3	-	2.4
Married women, spouse present(1)	997	-	1,046	2.6	2.6	2.5	2.3	-	2.7
Women who maintain families(2)	599	-	680	5.9	6.5	6.3	6.1	-	6.2

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(3)	5,796	-	6,348	4.2	4.3	4.3	4.4	-	4.5
Part-time workers(4)	1,366	-	1,500	4.7	4.3	4.7	4.4	-	4.8
Footnotes (1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to people in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to people in opposite-sex married couples only. (2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. (3) Full-time workers are unemployed people who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. (4) Part-time workers are unemployed people who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed people by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands]
Reason	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Reason	Nov. 2024	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs	3,149	-	3,329	3,394	3,405	3,437	3,525	-	3,559
On temporary layoff	597	-	834	787	940	886	833	-	1,004
Not on temporary layoff	2,552	-	2,496	2,607	2,465	2,552	2,691	-	2,555
Permanent job losers	1,838	-	1,894	1,871	1,887	1,925	2,023	-	1,931
People who completed temporary jobs	714	-	602	736	577	627	669	-	624
Job leavers	844	-	853	854	784	784	861	-	862
Reentrants	2,048	-	2,488	2,182	2,180	2,287	2,325	-	2,618
New entrants	667	-	731	690	985	786	813	-	765

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs	46.9	-	45.0	47.7	46.3	47.1	46.9	-	45.6
On temporary layoff	8.9	-	11.3	11.1	12.8	12.1	11.1	-	12.9
Not on temporary layoff	38.0	-	33.7	36.6	33.5	35.0	35.8	-	32.7
Job leavers	12.6	-	11.5	12.0	10.7	10.7	11.4	-	11.0
Reentrants	30.5	-	33.6	30.6	29.6	31.3	30.9	-	33.5
New entrants	9.9	-	9.9	9.7	13.4	10.8	10.8	-	9.8

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs	1.9	-	1.9	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.1	-	2.1
Job leavers	0.5	-	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	-	0.5
Reentrants	1.2	-	1.5	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.4	-	1.5
New entrants	0.4	-	0.4	0.4	0.6	0.5	0.5	-	0.4
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed people by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands]
Duration	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Duration	Nov. 2024	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks	2,005	-	2,357	2,208	2,299	2,476	2,227	-	2,543
5 to 14 weeks	1,942	-	2,066	2,063	2,034	2,049	2,367	-	2,202
15 weeks and over	2,760	-	2,978	2,890	2,993	2,977	3,105	-	3,099
15 to 26 weeks	1,157	-	1,116	1,236	1,167	1,047	1,290	-	1,189
27 weeks and over	1,604	-	1,862	1,654	1,826	1,930	1,814	-	1,910

Average (mean) duration, in weeks	24.3	-	23.7	23.6	24.1	24.5	24.1	-	23.0
Median duration, in weeks	11.0	-	10.0	10.5	10.2	9.8	10.0	-	9.5

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks	29.9	-	31.8	30.8	31.4	33.0	28.9	-	32.4
5 to 14 weeks	28.9	-	27.9	28.8	27.8	27.3	30.7	-	28.1
15 weeks and over	41.2	-	40.2	40.4	40.9	39.7	40.3	-	39.5
15 to 26 weeks	17.2	-	15.1	17.3	15.9	14.0	16.8	-	15.2
27 weeks and over	23.9	-	25.2	23.1	24.9	25.7	23.6	-	24.3
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed people by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]
Occupation	Employed		Unemployed		Unemployment rates
Occupation	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025
Total, 16 years and over(1)	161,456	164,066	6,708	7,401	4.0	4.3
Management, professional, and related occupations	71,258	72,090	1,581	1,851	2.2	2.5
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	30,645	31,109	701	795	2.2	2.5
Professional and related occupations	40,613	40,981	879	1,056	2.1	2.5
Service occupations	26,351	26,797	1,429	1,491	5.1	5.3
Sales and office occupations	29,778	31,087	1,287	1,474	4.1	4.5
Sales and related occupations	13,713	13,985	594	743	4.2	5.0
Office and administrative support occupations	16,066	17,102	693	730	4.1	4.1
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	14,352	14,057	705	787	4.7	5.3
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	864	825	53	147	5.8	15.1
Construction and extraction occupations	8,466	8,320	498	475	5.6	5.4
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	5,021	4,912	154	166	3.0	3.3
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	19,716	20,035	1,030	1,028	5.0	4.9
Production occupations	7,872	7,967	312	299	3.8	3.6
Transportation and material moving occupations	11,844	12,068	718	729	5.7	5.7
Footnotes (1) People with no previous work experience and people whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed people by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker	Number of unemployed people (in thousands)		Unemployment rates
Industry and class of worker	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025
Total, 16 years and over(1)	6,708	7,401	4.0	4.3
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers	5,186	5,521	3.9	4.1
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	12	50	1.9	9.0
Construction	482	431	4.6	4.1
Manufacturing	517	507	3.4	3.3
Durable goods	344	270	3.5	2.6
Nondurable goods	172	237	3.2	4.5
Wholesale and retail trade	924	1,092	4.8	5.6
Transportation and utilities	349	371	4.3	4.4
Information	58	125	2.3	5.0
Financial activities	240	210	2.4	2.1
Professional and business services	787	857	4.0	4.2
Education and health services	781	810	3.0	3.0
Leisure and hospitality	830	802	6.2	5.9
Other services	207	265	3.0	3.8
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers	54	175	3.7	11.6
Government workers	372	613	1.6	2.7
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers	429	360	4.2	3.4
Footnotes (1) People with no previous work experience and people whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2025 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2022 Census industry classification system, derived from the 2022 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2025 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent]
Measure	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Measure	Nov. 2024	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	July 2025	Aug. 2025	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025	Nov. 2025
U-1 People unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force	1.6	-	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.7	1.8	-	1.8
U-2 Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force	1.9	-	1.9	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.1	-	2.1
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)	4.0	-	4.3	4.2	4.2	4.3	4.4	-	4.6
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers	4.2	-	4.7	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.7	-	4.9
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other people marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all people marginally attached to the labor force	4.9	-	5.4	5.1	5.2	5.3	5.4	-	5.6
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all people marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all people marginally attached to the labor force	7.4	-	8.4	7.7	7.9	8.1	8.0	-	8.7
NOTE: People marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. People employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. People not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]
Category	Total		Men		Women
Category	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025	Nov. 2024	Nov. 2025
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force	101,299	103,165	42,450	43,433	58,850	59,733
People who currently want a job	5,133	5,774	2,290	2,841	2,843	2,933
Marginally attached to the labor force(1)	1,615	1,873	853	984	762	889
Discouraged workers(2)	427	681	234	442	194	240
Other people marginally attached to the labor force(3)	1,188	1,192	619	542	568	649

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders(4)	8,716	9,471	4,075	4,385	4,641	5,086
Percent of total employed	5.4	5.8	4.8	5.1	6.1	6.6
Primary job full time, secondary job part time	4,954	5,278	2,505	2,709	2,449	2,569
Primary and secondary jobs both part time	2,161	2,525	762	879	1,400	1,646
Primary and secondary jobs both full time	348	412	184	195	164	217
Hours vary on primary or secondary job	1,207	1,173	601	569	606	604
Footnotes (1) Data refer to people who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. (2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. (3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. (4) Includes a small number of people who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry	Not seasonally adjusted				Seasonally adjusted
Industry	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)	Change from: Oct.2025 - Nov.2025(p)
Total nonfarm	159,882	159,732	160,411	160,652	158,619	159,593	159,488	159,552	64
Total private	135,893	136,145	136,710	136,842	135,095	136,027	136,079	136,148	69
Goods-producing	21,744	21,783	21,787	21,699	21,669	21,627	21,618	21,637	19

Mining and logging	626	615	615	610	625	611	612	608	-4
Logging	39.6	37.6	36.6	35.6	38.8	36.6	35.7	35.6	-0.1
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	586.8	577.3	578.7	574.1	585.8	574.2	576.5	572.0	-4.5
Oil and gas extraction	123.7	119.6	120.1	121.0	122.9	120.1	120.5	121.2	0.7
Mining (except oil and gas)	192.5	193.2	193.1	192.7	192.0	191.3	191.5	192.2	0.7
Coal mining	42.3	40.5	40.5	41.0	42.3	40.5	40.7	41.2	0.5
Metal ore mining	44.7	44.3	44.6	45.1	45.0	44.5	44.9	45.2	0.3
Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying	105.5	108.4	108.0	106.6	104.8	106.3	105.9	105.8	-0.1
Support activities for mining	270.6	264.5	265.5	260.4	270.9	262.8	264.5	258.6	-5.9

Construction	8,343	8,442	8,462	8,395	8,274	8,305	8,304	8,332	28
Construction of buildings	1,871.6	1,879.8	1,888.3	1,883.8	1,865.5	1,870.0	1,869.6	1,878.1	8.5
Residential building construction	954.5	959.0	966.6	961.9	951.4	953.8	954.7	958.1	3.4
Nonresidential building construction	917.1	920.8	921.7	921.9	914.1	916.2	914.9	920.0	5.1
Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,187.7	1,231.1	1,236.2	1,211.7	1,165.8	1,185.0	1,186.2	1,191.2	5.0
Specialty trade contractors	5,283.4	5,331.2	5,337.0	5,299.8	5,242.9	5,249.9	5,247.9	5,262.9	15.0
Residential specialty trade contractors	2,426.6	2,401.0	2,404.6	2,371.8	2,407.3	2,366.2	2,362.1	2,358.4	-3.7
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors	2,856.8	2,930.2	2,932.4	2,928.0	2,835.6	2,883.7	2,885.8	2,904.5	18.7

Manufacturing	12,775	12,726	12,710	12,694	12,770	12,711	12,702	12,697	-5

Durable goods	7,931	7,867	7,853	7,853	7,925	7,867	7,860	7,856	-4
Wood product manufacturing	415.1	409.8	405.8	402.8	415.6	409.0	407.1	404.8	-2.3
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	429.0	435.8	431.8	429.0	425.4	432.1	428.5	427.1	-1.4
Primary metal manufacturing	370.8	374.7	373.6	371.5	372.3	374.4	373.6	372.4	-1.2
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	1,436.1	1,435.9	1,440.4	1,441.3	1,436.6	1,439.1	1,443.4	1,445.3	1.9
Machinery manufacturing	1,113.8	1,102.9	1,101.5	1,102.9	1,114.9	1,105.9	1,105.6	1,104.6	-1.0
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	1,017.5	1,000.7	998.1	998.9	1,018.9	1,001.4	999.7	999.7	0.0
Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing	110.5	109.8	108.0	108.1	110.4	109.7	107.9	108.0	0.1
Communications equipment manufacturing	82.1	83.3	84.0	83.5	82.0	83.3	84.0	83.4	-0.6
Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing	385.6	367.7	364.8	365.1	386.3	368.1	365.6	366.2	0.6
Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control instruments manufacturing	409.3	411.7	412.8	413.8	410.3	412.3	413.8	413.9	0.1
Manufacturing and reproducing magnetic and optical media and audio and video equipment manufacturing	30.0	28.2	28.5	28.4	29.9	28.0	28.4	28.2	-0.2
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	408.8	406.0	406.7	408.6	409.2	406.6	406.7	408.9	2.2
Transportation equipment manufacturing(1)	1,787.6	1,757.3	1,752.4	1,757.0	1,781.3	1,751.5	1,751.3	1,752.8	1.5
Motor vehicles and parts(2)	1,015.2	992.8	986.7	984.3	1,010.9	989.1	987.1	982.2	-4.9
Furniture and related product manufacturing	339.7	337.5	335.6	335.4	338.7	338.4	337.7	336.2	-1.5
Miscellaneous manufacturing	612.1	606.6	606.9	605.3	611.9	608.4	606.2	604.5	-1.7

Nondurable goods	4,844	4,859	4,857	4,841	4,845	4,844	4,842	4,841	-1
Food manufacturing	1,776.4	1,783.0	1,783.9	1,777.9	1,772.7	1,771.4	1,773.6	1,773.0	-0.6
Textile mills	86.8	85.7	85.0	84.2	86.4	85.4	84.7	84.1	-0.6
Textile product mills	99.2	97.4	97.7	97.7	99.5	97.9	97.9	98.0	0.1
Apparel manufacturing	83.8	81.9	80.9	80.1	83.6	82.0	80.5	79.3	-1.2
Paper manufacturing	355.7	356.3	356.6	356.2	354.6	356.3	356.7	355.7	-1.0
Printing and related support activities	355.3	347.4	346.1	345.3	354.1	347.7	344.7	343.3	-1.4
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	107.0	109.2	107.9	106.9	108.3	107.7	106.4	106.6	0.2
Chemical manufacturing	895.6	904.0	905.4	902.6	899.3	905.9	907.5	906.7	-0.8
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	718.1	710.8	710.7	711.4	718.6	713.8	713.1	715.1	2.0
Beverage, tobacco, and leather and allied product manufacturing	366.5	382.8	382.6	378.6	368.2	375.6	377.3	379.3	2.0

Private service-providing	114,149	114,362	114,923	115,143	113,426	114,400	114,461	114,511	50

Trade, transportation, and utilities	29,455	28,931	29,100	29,457	28,952	29,072	29,071	29,059	-12

Wholesale trade	6,171.5	6,158.9	6,178.4	6,173.7	6,165.7	6,165.9	6,168.2	6,166.0	-2.2
Merchant wholesalers, durable goods	3,455.5	3,452.4	3,458.8	3,455.3	3,453.7	3,458.0	3,455.6	3,454.9	-0.7
Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods	2,221.0	2,223.3	2,233.9	2,233.7	2,219.6	2,225.1	2,229.9	2,229.3	-0.6
Wholesale trade agents and brokers	495.0	483.2	485.7	484.7	492.4	482.8	482.7	481.8	-0.9

Retail trade	15,812.0	15,484.2	15,579.8	15,831.0	15,503.1	15,605.2	15,602.8	15,609.0	6.2
Motor vehicle and parts dealers	2,052.7	2,059.6	2,062.2	2,056.3	2,052.5	2,055.8	2,056.3	2,055.3	-1.0
Automobile dealers	1,294.0	1,298.7	1,303.3	1,297.7	1,293.2	1,297.9	1,298.3	1,296.0	-2.3
Other motor vehicle dealers	162.4	161.2	159.5	158.7	166.4	159.6	160.6	162.1	1.5
Automotive parts, accessories, and tire retailers	596.3	599.7	599.4	599.9	592.9	598.3	597.4	597.2	-0.2
Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	1,369.3	1,346.4	1,340.9	1,344.4	1,389.2	1,367.0	1,366.1	1,368.1	2.0
Food and beverage retailers	3,267.9	3,231.3	3,254.3	3,284.5	3,236.3	3,252.8	3,255.4	3,257.8	2.4
Furniture, home furnishings, electronics, and appliance retailers	830.8	784.6	794.7	827.3	806.2	793.3	791.2	796.8	5.6
Furniture and home furnishings retailers	417.8	397.3	403.7	414.2	407.9	402.8	401.4	403.9	2.5
Electronics and appliance retailers	413.0	387.3	391.0	413.1	398.3	390.5	389.8	392.9	3.1
General merchandise retailers	3,402.4	3,289.9	3,315.3	3,402.6	3,265.0	3,315.5	3,313.5	3,306.5	-7.0
Department stores	1,081.5	982.4	1,001.6	1,067.0	1,015.0	1,004.9	1,004.3	1,004.6	0.3
Warehouse clubs, supercenters, and other general merchandise retailers	2,320.9	2,307.5	2,313.7	2,335.6	2,250.1	2,310.6	2,309.2	2,301.9	-7.3
Health and personal care retailers	1,106.5	1,078.7	1,086.7	1,088.6	1,085.0	1,087.4	1,080.3	1,072.1	-8.2
Gasoline stations and fuel dealers	1,057.2	1,066.0	1,068.2	1,071.2	1,053.6	1,065.0	1,068.7	1,071.9	3.2
Clothing, clothing accessories, shoe, and jewelry retailers	1,186.9	1,117.7	1,133.1	1,194.8	1,116.6	1,147.6	1,146.8	1,155.7	8.9
Sporting goods, hobby, musical instrument, book, and miscellaneous retailers	1,538.3	1,510.0	1,524.4	1,561.3	1,498.7	1,520.8	1,524.5	1,524.8	0.3

Transportation and warehousing	6,877.5	6,692.2	6,744.9	6,852.2	6,688.8	6,702.6	6,702.1	6,684.4	-17.7
Air transportation	563.2	577.2	575.3	576.5	565.5	577.6	577.1	579.0	1.9
Rail transportation	154.8	151.3	150.9	150.9	155.6	151.5	151.1	150.8	-0.3
Water transportation	68.3	73.2	71.7	69.2	69.7	71.6	71.5	71.4	-0.1
Truck transportation	1,530.0	1,531.1	1,528.2	1,518.9	1,517.8	1,515.3	1,514.0	1,509.6	-4.4
Transit and ground passenger transportation	502.8	503.6	511.9	513.5	486.3	489.4	492.8	495.9	3.1
Pipeline transportation	55.9	60.7	60.8	61.0	55.8	60.8	61.2	61.4	0.2
Scenic and sightseeing transportation	26.4	41.1	36.2	29.9	29.9	35.6	35.1	34.7	-0.4
Support activities for transportation	848.1	844.0	847.3	850.0	843.9	845.7	847.3	845.6	-1.7
Couriers and messengers	1,234.2	1,095.0	1,126.0	1,234.6	1,119.9	1,136.8	1,137.5	1,119.6	-17.9
Warehousing and storage	1,893.8	1,815.0	1,836.6	1,847.7	1,844.4	1,818.3	1,814.5	1,816.4	1.9

Utilities	593.9	596.1	597.3	599.7	593.9	597.8	598.1	599.1	1.0

Information	2,938	2,924	2,928	2,921	2,927	2,924	2,919	2,915	-4
Motion picture and sound recording industries	406.8	390.4	394.2	395.5	399.4	396.8	390.0	392.0	2.0
Publishing industries	914.4	931.4	924.6	918.0	913.0	924.5	921.7	917.2	-4.5
Broadcasting and content providers	336.2	334.9	336.1	334.6	335.2	334.5	334.6	333.9	-0.7
Telecommunications	614.4	602.3	601.0	599.1	614.5	602.3	599.4	598.8	-0.6
Computing infrastructure providers, data processing, web hosting, and related services	480.2	478.4	485.0	485.7	480.0	479.6	486.4	486.2	-0.2
Web search portals, libraries, archives, and other information services	185.6	186.1	186.9	188.4	184.5	186.5	186.9	187.3	0.4

Financial activities	9,210	9,237	9,246	9,247	9,194	9,236	9,233	9,231	-2
Finance and insurance	6,730.0	6,736.9	6,747.9	6,751.0	6,719.0	6,744.9	6,745.5	6,739.7	-5.8
Monetary authorities-central bank	21.2	20.9	20.6	20.5	21.2	20.8	20.7	20.6	-0.1
Credit intermediation and related activities	2,555.7	2,554.2	2,551.0	2,556.5	2,558.4	2,559.5	2,557.6	2,558.3	0.7
Depository credit intermediation(1)	1,779.0	1,778.3	1,777.5	1,780.9	1,781.0	1,782.7	1,782.9	1,782.1	-0.8
Commercial banking	1,370.2	1,360.2	1,358.0	1,358.7	1,372.4	1,363.3	1,362.4	1,360.4	-2.0
Nondepository credit intermediation	506.8	499.1	499.3	500.6	506.4	500.2	499.1	500.2	1.1
Activities related to credit intermediation	269.9	276.8	274.2	275.0	270.9	276.6	275.6	276.0	0.4
Securities, commodity contracts, funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles, investments, and related activities	1,126.8	1,151.4	1,155.8	1,158.5	1,122.6	1,152.7	1,151.8	1,154.6	2.8
Insurance carriers and related activities	3,026.3	3,010.4	3,020.5	3,015.5	3,016.8	3,011.9	3,015.4	3,006.2	-9.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	2,479.6	2,499.6	2,498.1	2,496.1	2,474.8	2,491.1	2,487.2	2,491.0	3.8
Real estate	1,880.1	1,875.5	1,885.6	1,887.7	1,871.5	1,876.2	1,875.7	1,878.9	3.2
Rental and leasing services	576.5	601.0	589.3	585.2	580.4	591.8	588.4	589.0	0.6
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	23.0	23.1	23.2	23.2	22.9	23.1	23.1	23.1	0.0

Professional and business services	22,773	22,592	22,760	22,705	22,578	22,529	22,522	22,534	12
Professional, scientific, and technical services	10,874.6	10,773.3	10,876.4	10,889.5	10,846.5	10,860.3	10,858.9	10,870.4	11.5
Legal services	1,198.6	1,195.5	1,208.6	1,211.8	1,191.8	1,204.0	1,204.3	1,204.3	0.0
Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services	1,118.2	1,114.6	1,129.3	1,136.5	1,145.9	1,160.7	1,161.6	1,163.6	2.0
Architectural, engineering, and related services	1,724.3	1,752.0	1,759.9	1,760.7	1,721.3	1,753.2	1,754.9	1,760.3	5.4
Specialized design services	155.0	149.8	152.3	153.0	152.7	150.0	150.1	150.8	0.7
Computer systems design and related services	2,459.4	2,393.9	2,420.2	2,417.5	2,444.7	2,412.3	2,406.4	2,403.2	-3.2
Management, scientific, and technical consulting services	1,890.7	1,874.9	1,900.4	1,903.4	1,871.9	1,882.9	1,885.0	1,887.1	2.1
Scientific research and development services	940.4	919.4	918.8	919.0	940.2	922.3	918.8	919.5	0.7
Advertising, public relations, and related services	500.5	491.6	494.1	495.6	498.5	493.1	492.6	494.8	2.2
Other professional, scientific, and technical services	887.5	881.6	892.8	892.0	879.6	881.8	885.2	886.8	1.6
Management of companies and enterprises	2,612.9	2,630.4	2,626.8	2,633.0	2,616.1	2,634.0	2,630.3	2,633.2	2.9
Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services	9,285.1	9,187.8	9,256.4	9,182.0	9,115.3	9,034.7	9,033.2	9,030.6	-2.6
Administrative and support services	8,764.6	8,665.4	8,735.4	8,662.0	8,596.8	8,514.7	8,513.8	8,511.7	-2.1
Office administrative services	623.6	619.5	621.9	623.7	620.6	619.7	620.2	621.7	1.5
Facilities support services	183.6	187.3	190.0	185.5	184.6	186.0	187.2	186.5	-0.7
Employment services(1)	3,403.0	3,260.4	3,316.3	3,292.8	3,265.2	3,190.8	3,178.5	3,175.3	-3.2
Temporary help services	2,664.6	2,548.6	2,594.7	2,572.5	2,550.1	2,487.5	2,474.8	2,469.8	-5.0
Business support services	689.3	642.0	648.2	652.4	675.2	642.6	642.7	640.0	-2.7
Travel arrangement and reservation services	192.0	193.8	198.5	196.2	191.4	193.6	196.3	195.7	-0.6
Investigation and security services	1,035.2	1,042.8	1,046.2	1,043.2	1,029.5	1,037.2	1,037.2	1,035.2	-2.0
Services to buildings and dwellings	2,307.0	2,383.0	2,372.9	2,327.0	2,300.5	2,311.6	2,313.7	2,316.6	2.9
Other support services	330.9	336.6	341.4	341.2	329.9	333.2	338.0	340.7	2.7
Waste management and remediation services	520.5	522.4	521.0	520.0	518.5	520.0	519.4	518.9	-0.5

Private education and health services	27,127	27,445	27,756	27,882	26,848	27,499	27,558	27,623	65
Private educational services	4,162.8	3,979.4	4,121.7	4,145.5	3,984.8	3,993.3	3,988.1	3,988.9	0.8
Health care and social assistance	22,963.8	23,465.2	23,634.4	23,736.3	22,863.6	23,505.5	23,570.1	23,634.1	64.0
Health care(3)	17,981.0	18,238.9	18,355.6	18,435.3	17,900.8	18,258.8	18,302.6	18,348.9	46.3
Ambulatory health care services	8,967.2	9,015.0	9,114.3	9,153.2	8,915.3	9,039.7	9,071.0	9,095.0	24.0
Offices of physicians	3,021.9	3,065.5	3,098.2	3,105.8	3,003.6	3,076.1	3,082.4	3,087.9	5.5
Offices of dentists	1,054.9	1,048.1	1,064.4	1,071.0	1,052.2	1,053.3	1,060.2	1,064.5	4.3
Offices of other health practitioners	1,270.0	1,278.0	1,300.3	1,304.6	1,259.3	1,284.4	1,290.7	1,295.1	4.4
Outpatient care centers	1,126.6	1,122.2	1,126.2	1,128.5	1,121.1	1,123.0	1,123.8	1,123.7	-0.1
Medical and diagnostic laboratories	305.2	310.8	313.1	314.3	305.1	311.4	312.8	313.5	0.7
Home health care services	1,826.2	1,825.9	1,845.7	1,859.8	1,813.3	1,827.3	1,836.0	1,843.7	7.7
Other ambulatory health care services	362.4	364.5	366.4	369.2	360.7	364.2	365.1	366.6	1.5
Hospitals	5,643.6	5,780.5	5,786.5	5,809.4	5,625.7	5,773.0	5,776.3	5,787.7	11.4
Nursing and residential care facilities	3,370.2	3,443.4	3,454.8	3,472.7	3,359.8	3,446.1	3,455.3	3,466.2	10.9
Skilled nursing care facilities	1,515.2	1,557.8	1,562.1	1,572.2	1,508.5	1,555.7	1,560.1	1,568.5	8.4
Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities	682.5	702.1	705.7	709.8	681.4	703.7	706.1	708.3	2.2
Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly	1,003.4	1,008.5	1,012.1	1,016.0	1,000.9	1,012.0	1,014.3	1,014.8	0.5
Other residential care facilities	169.1	175.0	174.9	174.7	168.9	174.7	174.8	174.6	-0.2
Social assistance	4,982.8	5,226.3	5,278.8	5,301.0	4,962.8	5,246.7	5,267.5	5,285.2	17.7
Individual and family services	3,360.6	3,608.9	3,644.3	3,659.2	3,349.3	3,619.6	3,637.8	3,650.6	12.8
Community food and housing, and emergency and other relief services	235.6	237.7	240.5	242.6	234.8	240.0	241.4	242.4	1.0
Vocational rehabilitation services	284.9	280.1	280.9	284.1	284.3	281.5	282.0	284.0	2.0
Child care services	1,101.7	1,099.6	1,113.1	1,115.1	1,094.4	1,105.6	1,106.3	1,108.2	1.9

Leisure and hospitality	16,655	17,197	17,081	16,886	16,932	17,090	17,106	17,094	-12
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	2,513.0	2,760.3	2,675.1	2,564.6	2,662.2	2,722.3	2,699.4	2,685.2	-14.2
Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries	602.4	664.3	656.9	636.2	610.3	643.4	641.3	641.3	0.0
Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions	178.6	185.5	186.1	183.8	180.9	184.4	185.2	186.2	1.0
Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries	1,732.0	1,910.5	1,832.1	1,744.6	1,871.0	1,894.5	1,872.9	1,857.7	-15.2
Accommodation and food services	14,141.5	14,436.3	14,405.4	14,321.0	14,270.0	14,367.9	14,406.6	14,409.0	2.4
Accommodation	1,888.7	1,973.0	1,918.5	1,871.1	1,943.3	1,938.2	1,930.9	1,927.7	-3.2
Food services and drinking places	12,252.8	12,463.3	12,486.9	12,449.9	12,326.7	12,429.7	12,475.7	12,481.3	5.6

Other services	5,991	6,036	6,052	6,045	5,995	6,050	6,052	6,055	3
Repair and maintenance	1,471.1	1,486.9	1,487.9	1,478.6	1,471.0	1,488.9	1,482.1	1,478.9	-3.2
Personal and laundry services	1,609.6	1,627.1	1,632.8	1,631.8	1,605.4	1,627.8	1,629.5	1,633.3	3.8
Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations	2,910.5	2,922.0	2,930.8	2,934.3	2,918.6	2,933.5	2,940.5	2,942.9	2.4

Government	23,989	23,587	23,701	23,810	23,524	23,566	23,409	23,404	-5
Federal	3,014	2,908	2,746	2,743	3,009	2,912	2,750	2,744	-6
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service	2,410.0	2,319.0	2,157.9	2,148.6	2,406.4	2,319.0	2,157.7	2,151.0	-6.7
U.S. Postal Service	603.6	589.3	588.5	594.5	602.2	593.1	591.9	592.5	0.6
State government	5,683	5,561	5,625	5,645	5,493	5,486	5,474	5,477	3
State government education	2,810.7	2,663.3	2,736.7	2,759.1	2,617.3	2,593.5	2,585.1	2,584.3	-0.8
State government, excluding education	2,872.6	2,897.4	2,888.2	2,886.0	2,876.1	2,892.8	2,888.9	2,892.9	4.0
Local government	15,292	15,118	15,330	15,422	15,022	15,168	15,185	15,183	-2
Local government education	8,470.4	8,221.4	8,464.4	8,553.0	8,180.7	8,256.0	8,262.1	8,264.9	2.8
Local government, excluding education	6,821.2	6,896.8	6,865.1	6,868.5	6,840.8	6,912.1	6,922.9	6,917.6	-5.3
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Includes motor vehicle manufacturing, motor vehicle body and trailer manufacturing, and motor vehicle parts manufacturing. (3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	34.3	34.2	34.2	34.3
Goods-producing	39.7	39.7	39.6	39.8
Mining and logging	44.1	45.4	45.1	45.0
Construction	38.9	39.0	38.8	39.1
Manufacturing	40.1	40.0	39.9	40.0
Durable goods	40.5	40.4	40.4	40.5
Nondurable goods	39.3	39.2	39.2	39.2
Private service-providing	33.2	33.2	33.2	33.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	33.8	34.1	34.1	34.1
Wholesale trade	39.2	39.3	39.3	39.3
Retail trade	29.7	29.9	29.9	29.9
Transportation and warehousing	37.6	38.2	38.2	38.2
Utilities	41.6	41.9	42.2	42.1
Information	36.7	37.4	37.2	37.4
Financial activities	37.5	37.5	37.5	37.5
Professional and business services	36.5	36.5	36.5	36.5
Private education and health services	33.0	32.7	32.7	32.8
Leisure and hospitality	25.6	25.5	25.6	25.6
Other services	32.1	32.0	32.1	32.1

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9
Durable goods	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9
Nondurable goods	2.8	3.0	3.0	3.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
Industry	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)
Total private	$35.61	$36.65	$36.81	$36.86	$1,221.42	$1,253.43	$1,258.90	$1,264.30
Goods-producing	36.26	37.45	37.62	37.70	1,439.52	1,486.77	1,489.75	1,500.46
Mining and logging	40.06	40.36	40.68	40.36	1,766.65	1,832.34	1,834.67	1,816.20
Construction	38.78	40.00	40.09	40.18	1,508.54	1,560.00	1,555.49	1,571.04
Manufacturing	34.47	35.67	35.88	35.97	1,382.25	1,426.80	1,431.61	1,438.80
Durable goods	36.54	37.90	38.04	38.16	1,479.87	1,531.16	1,536.82	1,545.48
Nondurable goods	30.98	31.94	32.27	32.30	1,217.51	1,252.05	1,264.98	1,266.16
Private service-providing	35.46	36.47	36.62	36.67	1,177.27	1,210.80	1,215.78	1,217.44
Trade, transportation, and utilities	30.39	31.22	31.37	31.48	1,027.18	1,064.60	1,069.72	1,073.47
Wholesale trade	37.97	39.13	39.22	39.28	1,488.42	1,537.81	1,541.35	1,543.70
Retail trade	24.93	25.62	25.75	25.87	740.42	766.04	769.93	773.51
Transportation and warehousing	30.97	31.81	31.97	32.13	1,164.47	1,215.14	1,221.25	1,227.37
Utilities	52.03	53.11	53.58	53.87	2,164.45	2,225.31	2,261.08	2,267.93
Information	51.40	52.88	53.48	53.36	1,886.38	1,977.71	1,989.46	1,995.66
Financial activities	46.17	47.92	48.14	48.23	1,731.38	1,797.00	1,805.25	1,808.63
Professional and business services	43.16	44.72	44.83	44.93	1,575.34	1,632.28	1,636.30	1,639.95
Private education and health services	34.93	35.55	35.82	35.72	1,152.69	1,162.49	1,171.31	1,171.62
Leisure and hospitality	22.33	23.01	23.06	23.14	571.65	586.76	590.34	592.38
Other services	32.29	32.98	33.06	33.16	1,036.51	1,055.36	1,061.23	1,064.44
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100]
Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(1)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Industry	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2025 - Nov. 2025(p)	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2025 - Nov. 2025(p)
Total private	116.3	116.8	116.8	117.2	0.3	198.0	204.6	205.6	206.6	0.5
Goods-producing	98.0	97.8	97.6	98.1	0.5	160.7	165.6	165.9	167.2	0.8
Mining and logging	86.6	87.2	86.7	86.0	-0.8	139.3	141.2	141.7	139.3	-1.7
Construction	110.9	111.7	111.1	112.3	1.1	186.9	194.0	193.5	196.1	1.3
Manufacturing	92.2	91.5	91.2	91.4	0.2	147.8	151.8	152.2	152.9	0.5
Durable goods	90.4	89.5	89.4	89.6	0.2	146.7	150.7	151.1	151.9	0.5
Nondurable goods	95.0	94.8	94.7	94.7	0.0	149.4	153.6	155.1	155.2	0.1
Private service-providing	121.2	122.3	122.3	122.4	0.1	208.9	216.7	217.7	218.1	0.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	106.9	108.3	108.3	108.3	0.0	175.2	182.4	183.2	183.8	0.3
Wholesale trade	106.6	106.9	106.9	106.9	0.0	169.3	175.0	175.4	175.6	0.1
Retail trade	93.7	95.0	94.9	95.0	0.1	154.5	160.9	161.7	162.5	0.5
Transportation and warehousing	144.5	147.1	147.1	146.7	-0.3	227.7	238.1	239.3	239.8	0.2
Utilities	106.9	108.4	109.2	109.2	0.0	183.8	190.2	193.4	194.3	0.5
Information	98.1	99.9	99.2	99.6	0.4	179.6	188.1	188.9	189.2	0.2
Financial activities	112.9	113.5	113.4	113.4	0.0	203.4	212.1	213.0	213.3	0.1
Professional and business services	128.9	128.6	128.6	128.6	0.0	225.3	232.9	233.4	234.1	0.3
Private education and health services	144.7	146.9	147.2	148.0	0.5	243.2	251.2	253.6	254.3	0.3
Leisure and hospitality	123.7	124.3	124.9	124.9	0.0	222.8	230.8	232.5	233.1	0.3
Other services	111.0	111.6	112.0	112.1	0.1	196.4	201.8	203.0	203.7	0.3
Footnotes (1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry	Women employees (in thousands)				Percent of all employees
Industry	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)
Total nonfarm	79,079	79,673	79,614	79,638	49.9	49.9	49.9	49.9
Total private	65,340	65,870	65,884	65,907	48.4	48.4	48.4	48.4
Goods-producing	4,950	4,926	4,921	4,926	22.8	22.8	22.8	22.8
Mining and logging	86	85	85	85	13.8	13.9	13.9	14.0
Construction	1,179	1,198	1,200	1,205	14.2	14.4	14.5	14.5
Manufacturing	3,685	3,643	3,636	3,636	28.9	28.7	28.6	28.6
Durable goods	1,935	1,909	1,905	1,904	24.4	24.3	24.2	24.2
Nondurable goods	1,750	1,734	1,731	1,732	36.1	35.8	35.7	35.8
Private service-providing	60,390	60,944	60,963	60,981	53.2	53.3	53.3	53.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	11,222	11,260	11,238	11,218	38.8	38.7	38.7	38.6
Wholesale trade	1,881.2	1,875.4	1,872.3	1,869.1	30.5	30.4	30.4	30.3
Retail trade	7,426.1	7,479.8	7,468.1	7,468.1	47.9	47.9	47.9	47.8
Transportation and warehousing	1,759.8	1,749.7	1,742.8	1,725.9	26.3	26.1	26.0	25.8
Utilities	155.1	154.6	154.8	154.8	26.1	25.9	25.9	25.8
Information	1,166	1,173	1,179	1,172	39.8	40.1	40.4	40.2
Financial activities	5,082	5,059	5,057	5,058	55.3	54.8	54.8	54.8
Professional and business services	10,306	10,185	10,177	10,180	45.6	45.2	45.2	45.2
Private education and health services	20,575	21,065	21,095	21,133	76.6	76.6	76.5	76.5
Leisure and hospitality	8,817	8,935	8,953	8,951	52.1	52.3	52.3	52.4
Other services	3,222	3,267	3,264	3,269	53.7	54.0	53.9	54.0
Government	13,739	13,803	13,730	13,731	58.4	58.6	58.7	58.7
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [In thousands]
Industry	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)
Total private	109,960	110,927	110,927	111,053
Goods-producing	15,386	15,359	15,348	15,357
Mining and logging	474	453	455	453
Construction	6,009	6,031	6,032	6,047
Manufacturing	8,903	8,875	8,861	8,857
Durable goods	5,374	5,347	5,333	5,333
Nondurable goods	3,529	3,528	3,528	3,524
Private service-providing	94,574	95,568	95,579	95,696
Trade, transportation, and utilities	24,511	24,667	24,641	24,642
Wholesale trade	4,875.7	4,881.3	4,872.7	4,870.1
Retail trade	13,310.7	13,430.3	13,426.9	13,442.2
Transportation and warehousing	5,853.4	5,882.2	5,867.7	5,855.7
Utilities	471.4	473.5	473.8	474.3
Information	2,352	2,334	2,326	2,324
Financial activities	6,939	7,003	6,999	6,996
Professional and business services	17,701	17,691	17,683	17,723
Private education and health services	23,468	24,123	24,177	24,237
Leisure and hospitality	14,739	14,842	14,855	14,865
Other services	4,864	4,908	4,898	4,909
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	33.6	33.7	33.7	33.7
Goods-producing	40.5	40.7	40.6	40.8
Mining and logging	46.4	45.5	45.2	45.5
Construction	39.6	39.9	39.6	39.9
Manufacturing	40.7	41.0	41.1	41.2
Durable goods	40.9	41.2	41.4	41.4
Nondurable goods	40.4	40.7	40.7	40.9
Private service-providing	32.5	32.6	32.6	32.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities	33.9	34.3	34.1	34.2
Wholesale trade	39.0	39.3	39.3	39.4
Retail trade	30.3	30.6	30.4	30.5
Transportation and warehousing	37.3	37.9	37.7	37.7
Utilities	42.6	42.4	42.8	42.8
Information	35.7	36.0	36.1	35.8
Financial activities	37.3	37.4	37.5	37.4
Professional and business services	36.3	36.6	36.6	36.6
Private education and health services	32.1	31.7	31.7	31.7
Leisure and hospitality	24.1	24.1	24.2	24.1
Other services	31.2	31.2	31.4	31.3

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	3.6	3.8	3.8	3.9
Durable goods	3.5	3.8	3.8	3.9
Nondurable goods	3.7	3.9	3.8	3.8
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
Industry	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)
Total private	$30.58	$31.52	$31.65	$31.76	$1,027.49	$1,062.22	$1,066.61	$1,070.31
Goods-producing	31.59	32.71	32.82	32.96	1,279.40	1,331.30	1,332.49	1,344.77
Mining and logging	36.57	37.43	37.65	37.62	1,696.85	1,703.07	1,701.78	1,711.71
Construction	36.26	37.61	37.67	37.83	1,435.90	1,500.64	1,491.73	1,509.42
Manufacturing	28.22	29.21	29.36	29.48	1,148.55	1,197.61	1,206.70	1,214.58
Durable goods	29.75	30.99	31.16	31.39	1,216.78	1,276.79	1,290.02	1,299.55
Nondurable goods	25.86	26.47	26.59	26.55	1,044.74	1,077.33	1,082.21	1,085.90
Private service-providing	30.38	31.29	31.42	31.52	987.35	1,020.05	1,024.29	1,027.55
Trade, transportation, and utilities	26.29	27.04	27.18	27.34	891.23	927.47	926.84	935.03
Wholesale trade	31.67	32.65	32.68	32.70	1,235.13	1,283.15	1,284.32	1,288.38
Retail trade	21.12	21.77	21.85	21.94	639.94	666.16	664.24	669.17
Transportation and warehousing	29.37	30.17	30.46	30.90	1,095.50	1,143.44	1,148.34	1,164.93
Utilities	45.82	46.60	46.72	46.82	1,951.93	1,975.84	1,999.62	2,003.90
Information	41.75	43.67	43.83	44.00	1,490.48	1,572.12	1,582.26	1,575.20
Financial activities	36.15	37.72	37.90	38.13	1,348.40	1,410.73	1,421.25	1,426.06
Professional and business services	36.39	37.43	37.57	37.70	1,320.96	1,369.94	1,375.06	1,379.82
Private education and health services	31.98	32.84	32.99	32.94	1,026.56	1,041.03	1,045.78	1,044.20
Leisure and hospitality	19.78	20.37	20.47	20.53	476.70	490.92	495.37	494.77
Other services	28.11	28.70	28.72	28.83	877.03	895.44	901.81	902.38
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [2002=100]
Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(2)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Industry	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2025 - Nov. 2025(p)	Nov. 2024	Sept. 2025	Oct. 2025(p)	Nov. 2025(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2025 - Nov. 2025(p)
Total private	123.1	124.6	124.6	124.7	0.1	251.6	262.4	263.5	264.7	0.5
Goods-producing	95.2	95.5	95.2	95.7	0.5	184.2	191.3	191.4	193.2	0.9
Mining and logging	116.9	109.5	109.3	109.5	0.2	248.6	238.4	239.3	239.7	0.2
Construction	119.1	120.5	119.6	120.8	1.0	233.3	244.7	243.3	246.8	1.4
Manufacturing	83.2	83.5	83.6	83.8	0.2	153.5	159.6	160.5	161.5	0.6
Durable goods	82.6	82.8	82.9	82.9	0.0	153.4	160.1	161.4	162.5	0.7
Nondurable goods	84.0	84.6	84.6	84.9	0.4	153.5	158.2	159.0	159.3	0.2
Private service-providing	131.0	132.7	132.8	132.9	0.1	272.9	284.9	286.1	287.4	0.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	116.3	118.4	117.6	118.0	0.3	218.5	228.9	228.5	230.5	0.9
Wholesale trade	112.9	113.9	113.7	113.9	0.2	210.9	219.4	219.2	219.8	0.3
Retail trade	102.3	104.2	103.5	104.0	0.5	185.2	194.5	193.9	195.6	0.9
Transportation and warehousing	165.2	168.7	167.4	167.1	-0.2	308.9	324.0	324.6	328.6	1.2
Utilities	102.7	102.6	103.7	103.8	0.1	196.4	199.6	202.2	202.8	0.3
Information	95.8	95.9	95.8	95.0	-0.8	198.1	207.3	208.0	206.9	-0.5
Financial activities	121.8	123.3	123.5	123.1	-0.3	270.9	286.1	288.0	288.9	0.3
Professional and business services	143.4	144.5	144.5	144.8	0.2	310.5	321.8	322.8	324.7	0.6
Private education and health services	160.6	163.0	163.4	163.8	0.2	339.0	353.4	355.8	356.2	0.1
Leisure and hospitality	130.1	131.0	131.7	131.2	-0.4	292.3	303.1	306.1	305.9	-0.1
Other services	106.4	107.4	107.9	107.8	-0.1	218.0	224.6	225.7	226.4	0.3
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2024 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Last Modified Date: December 16, 2025