State Employment and Unemployment (Monthly) News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, June 25, 2024	                          USDL-24-1207

Technical information: 
 Employment:    (202) 691-6559  *  sminfo@bls.gov    *  www.bls.gov/sae   
 Unemployment:  (202) 691-6392  *  lausinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/lau 

Media contact:  (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                     STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT -- MAY 2024


Unemployment rates were lower in May in 4 states, higher in 3 states, and stable in 43 
states and the District of Columbia, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. 
Thirty-three states and the District had jobless rate increases from a year earlier, 
2 states had decreases, and 15 states had little change. The national unemployment rate 
changed little at 4.0 percent but was 0.3 percentage point higher than in May 2023.

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 7 states and the District of Columbia and was 
essentially unchanged in 43 states in May 2024. Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment 
increased in 30 states and was essentially unchanged in 20 states and the District.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor force 
and unemployment data are modeled based largely on a survey of households. These data 
pertain to individuals by where they reside. The employment data are from an establishment 
survey that measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. These data 
pertain to jobs on payrolls defined by where the establishments are located. For more 
information about the concepts and statistical methodologies used by these two programs, 
see the Technical Note.

Unemployment

North Dakota and South Dakota had the lowest jobless rates in May, 2.0 percent each. 
The next lowest rate was in Vermont, 2.1 percent. The rates in Arizona (3.4 percent) 
and Tennessee (3.0 percent) set new series lows. (All state series begin in 1976.)
The District of Columbia had the highest unemployment rate, 5.3 percent, closely followed
by California, 5.2 percent, and Nevada, 5.1 percent. In total, 24 states had unemployment 
rates lower than the U.S. figure of 4.0 percent, 4 states and the District had higher
rates, and 22 states had rates that were not appreciably different from that of the nation. 
(See tables A and 1.)

Four states had unemployment rate decreases in May: Arizona (-0.2 percentage point) and
California, Maine, and Virginia (-0.1 point each). Three states had rate increases: Ohio 
(+0.2 percentage point) and Kansas and Massachusetts (+0.1 point each). Forty-three states
and the District of Columbia had jobless rates that were not notably different from those 
of a month earlier, though some had changes that were at least as large numerically as the
significant changes. (See table B.)

Thirty-three states and the District of Columbia had unemployment rate increases from May 
2023, the largest of which was in Rhode Island (+1.7 percentage points). Arizona and 
Massachusetts had the only over-the-year rate decreases (-0.3 percentage point each).
Fifteen states had jobless rates that were not notably different from those of a year 
earlier, though some had changes that were at least as large numerically as the significant 
changes. (See table C.)

Nonfarm Payroll Employment

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 7 states and the District of Columbia and was 
essentially unchanged in 43 states in May 2024. The largest job gains occurred in California
(+43,700), Texas (+41,800), and Ohio (+21,200). The largest percentage increases occurred in
Idaho (+0.9 percent) and the District of Columbia (+0.6 percent), followed by New Jersey, Ohio,
and Washington (+0.4 percent each). (See tables D and 3.)
 
Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment increased in 30 states and was essentially unchanged 
in 20 states and the District of Columbia. The largest job gains occurred in Texas (+316,700), 
Florida (+222,200), and California (+207,700). The largest percentage increases occurred in Alaska
and South Carolina (+3.5 percent each), followed by Nevada (+3.3 percent). (See table E.)

_____________
The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for May is scheduled to be released
on Wednesday, July 3, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The State Employment and Unemployment news release 
for June is scheduled to be released on Friday, July 19, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).



Table A. States with unemployment rates significantly different
from that of the U.S., May 2024, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------
                State                |          Rate(p)
--------------------------------------------------------------
United States (1) ...................|           4.0
                                     |
Alabama .............................|           3.0
California ..........................|           5.2
District of Columbia ................|           5.3
Florida .............................|           3.3
Georgia .............................|           3.2
Hawaii ..............................|           3.0
Idaho ...............................|           3.3
Illinois ............................|           4.9
Iowa ................................|           2.8
Kansas ..............................|           2.9
                                     |
Maine ...............................|           3.0
Maryland ............................|           2.7
Massachusetts .......................|           3.0
Minnesota ...........................|           2.8
Mississippi .........................|           2.8
Montana .............................|           3.1
Nebraska ............................|           2.5
Nevada ..............................|           5.1
New Hampshire .......................|           2.5
North Dakota ........................|           2.0
                                     |
Pennsylvania ........................|           3.4
South Dakota ........................|           2.0
Tennessee ...........................|           3.0
Utah ................................|           2.9
Vermont .............................|           2.1
Virginia ............................|           2.7
Washington ..........................|           4.9
Wisconsin ...........................|           2.9
Wyoming .............................|           2.9
--------------------------------------------------------------
   (1) Data are not preliminary.
   (p) = preliminary.


Table B. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes
from April 2024 to May 2024, seasonally adjusted
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                |          Rate         |
                                |-----------|-----------| Over-the-month
             State              |   April   |    May    |    change(p)
                                |   2024    |  2024(p)  |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Arizona ........................|     3.6   |     3.4   |      -0.2
California .....................|     5.3   |     5.2   |       -.1
Kansas .........................|     2.8   |     2.9   |        .1
Maine ..........................|     3.1   |     3.0   |       -.1
Massachusetts ..................|     2.9   |     3.0   |        .1
Ohio ...........................|     4.0   |     4.2   |        .2
Virginia .......................|     2.8   |     2.7   |       -.1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table C. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes
from May 2023 to May 2024, seasonally adjusted
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                |          Rate         |
                                |-----------|-----------|  Over-the-year
             State              |    May    |    May    |    change(p)
                                |   2023    |  2024(p)  |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama ........................|     2.3   |     3.0   |       0.7
Alaska .........................|     4.0   |     4.5   |        .5
Arizona ........................|     3.7   |     3.4   |       -.3
Arkansas .......................|     2.9   |     3.4   |        .5
California .....................|     4.5   |     5.2   |        .7
Colorado .......................|     3.1   |     3.8   |        .7
Connecticut ....................|     3.3   |     4.3   |       1.0
District of Columbia ...........|     4.8   |     5.3   |        .5
Florida ........................|     2.8   |     3.3   |        .5
Idaho ..........................|     2.9   |     3.3   |        .4
                                |           |           |
Illinois .......................|     4.2   |     4.9   |        .7
Indiana ........................|     3.2   |     3.7   |        .5
Kansas .........................|     2.6   |     2.9   |        .3
Kentucky .......................|     4.1   |     4.6   |        .5
Louisiana ......................|     3.4   |     4.1   |        .7
Maine ..........................|     2.5   |     3.0   |        .5
Maryland .......................|     1.9   |     2.7   |        .8
Massachusetts ..................|     3.3   |     3.0   |       -.3
Michigan .......................|     3.6   |     3.9   |        .3
Missouri .......................|     2.9   |     3.5   |        .6
                                |           |           |
Montana ........................|     2.6   |     3.1   |        .5
Nebraska .......................|     2.1   |     2.5   |        .4
New Hampshire ..................|     1.8   |     2.5   |        .7
New Jersey .....................|     4.2   |     4.6   |        .4
New York .......................|     3.9   |     4.2   |        .3
North Carolina .................|     3.3   |     3.6   |        .3
North Dakota ...................|     1.8   |     2.0   |        .2
Ohio ...........................|     3.3   |     4.2   |        .9
Oklahoma .......................|     3.0   |     3.5   |        .5
Oregon .........................|     3.4   |     4.2   |        .8
                                |           |           |
Rhode Island ...................|     2.6   |     4.3   |       1.7
South Carolina .................|     2.9   |     3.4   |        .5
Utah ...........................|     2.5   |     2.9   |        .4
Vermont ........................|     1.7   |     2.1   |        .4
Washington .....................|     3.8   |     4.9   |       1.1
West Virginia ..................|     3.6   |     4.2   |        .6
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table D. States with statistically significant employment changes from
April 2024 to May 2024, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              |             |             | Over-the-month change(p)
            State             |    April    |     May     |---------------------------
                              |     2024    |    2024(p)  |    Level    |   Percent
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
California ...................|  17,990,200 |  18,033,900 |      43,700 |      0.2
District of Columbia .........|     770,100 |     775,100 |       5,000 |       .6
Idaho ........................|     863,400 |     871,000 |       7,600 |       .9
New Jersey ...................|   4,377,200 |   4,393,700 |      16,500 |       .4
Ohio .........................|   5,641,400 |   5,662,600 |      21,200 |       .4
Pennsylvania .................|   6,147,900 |   6,167,700 |      19,800 |       .3
Texas ........................|  14,153,800 |  14,195,600 |      41,800 |       .3
Washington ...................|   3,647,300 |   3,663,300 |      16,000 |       .4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table E. States with statistically significant employment changes from
May 2023 to May 2024, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              |             |             |  Over-the-year change(p)
            State             |      May    |     May     |---------------------------
                              |     2023    |    2024(p)  |    Level    |   Percent
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama ......................|   2,158,200 |   2,204,800 |      46,600 |      2.2
Alaska .......................|     325,100 |     336,500 |      11,400 |      3.5
Arizona ......................|   3,188,100 |   3,263,000 |      74,900 |      2.3
California ...................|  17,826,200 |  18,033,900 |     207,700 |      1.2
Colorado .....................|   2,935,700 |   2,991,100 |      55,400 |      1.9
Florida ......................|   9,729,400 |   9,951,600 |     222,200 |      2.3
Georgia ......................|   4,899,800 |   4,973,700 |      73,900 |      1.5
Idaho ........................|     845,100 |     871,000 |      25,900 |      3.1
Indiana ......................|   3,235,300 |   3,280,500 |      45,200 |      1.4
Iowa .........................|   1,587,500 |   1,611,300 |      23,800 |      1.5
                              |             |             |             |       
Kansas .......................|   1,440,100 |   1,464,100 |      24,000 |      1.7
Kentucky .....................|   2,015,100 |   2,042,000 |      26,900 |      1.3
Minnesota ....................|   2,981,400 |   3,016,100 |      34,700 |      1.2
Missouri .....................|   2,968,800 |   3,050,800 |      82,000 |      2.8
Montana ......................|     518,600 |     532,400 |      13,800 |      2.7
Nebraska .....................|   1,047,000 |   1,068,500 |      21,500 |      2.1
Nevada .......................|   1,534,400 |   1,585,600 |      51,200 |      3.3
New Jersey ...................|   4,313,500 |   4,393,700 |      80,200 |      1.9
New Mexico ...................|     870,600 |     886,200 |      15,600 |      1.8
New York .....................|   9,707,800 |   9,861,600 |     153,800 |      1.6
                              |             |             |             |       
North Carolina ...............|   4,934,400 |   5,006,800 |      72,400 |      1.5
Oklahoma .....................|   1,752,100 |   1,780,900 |      28,800 |      1.6
Pennsylvania .................|   6,070,600 |   6,167,700 |      97,100 |      1.6
South Carolina ...............|   2,293,100 |   2,373,500 |      80,400 |      3.5
Texas ........................|  13,878,900 |  14,195,600 |     316,700 |      2.3
Utah .........................|   1,718,700 |   1,755,300 |      36,600 |      2.1
Vermont ......................|     308,900 |     314,800 |       5,900 |      1.9
Virginia .....................|   4,164,000 |   4,245,500 |      81,500 |      2.0
Washington ...................|   3,600,300 |   3,663,300 |      63,000 |      1.7
West Virginia ................|     708,600 |     721,800 |      13,200 |      1.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.

Technical Note

   This news release presents civilian labor force and unemployment data for states and selected substate
   areas from the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program (tables 1 and 2).  Also presented are
   nonfarm payroll employment estimates by state and industry supersector from the Current Employment
   Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 4). The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state cooperative
   endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment--from the LAUS program

   Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment data are based on the same concepts and definitions
   as those used for the official national estimates obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a
   sample survey of households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census
   Bureau. The LAUS program measures employed people and unemployed people on a place of-residence basis. The
   universe for each is the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Employed people
   are those who did any work at all for pay or profit in the reference week (typically the week including the  
   12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family business or farm, plus those not working
   who had a job from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, for such reasons as bad weather,
   labor-management dispute, illness, or vacation.
   
   Unemployed people are those who were not employed during the reference week (based on the definition above),
   had actively looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the reference week, and were currently
   available for work; people on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed.
   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed people. The unemployment rate is the number of
   unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force.

   Method of estimation. Estimates for 48 states, the District of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale
   metropolitan division, New York City, and the balances of California and New York State are produced using 
   time-series models. This method, which underwent substantial enhancement at the beginning of 2021, utilizes
   data from several sources, including the CPS, the CES, and state unemployment insurance (UI) programs.
   Estimates for the state of California are derived by summing the estimates for the Los Angeles-Long Beach-
   Glendale metropolitan division and the balance of California. Similarly, estimates for New York State are 
   derived by summing the estimates for New York City and the balance of New York State. Estimates for the five
   additional substate areas contained in this release (the Cleveland-Elyria and Detroit-Warren-Dearborn
   metropolitan areas and the Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, Miami-Miami Beach Kendall, and Seattle-
   Bellevue-Everett metropolitan divisions) and their respective balances of state are produced using a similar
   model-based approach.
   
   Each month, estimates for the nine census divisions first are modeled using inputs from the CPS only and 
   controlled to the national totals. State estimates then are controlled to their respective census division
   totals. Substate and balance-of-state estimates for the five areas noted above also are controlled to their
   respective state totals. This tiered process of controlling model-based estimates to the U.S. totals is called
   real-time benchmarking. Estimates for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the
   CPS. A more detailed description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS upon request.

   Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment data for prior years reflect adjustments made after
   the end of each year. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population data from the U.S. Census Bureau,
   any revisions in the other data sources, and model re-estimation. In most years, historical data for the most
   recent five years are revised near the beginning of each calendar year, prior to the release of January 
   estimates. With the introduction of a new generation of time series models in 2021, historical data were
   re-estimated back to the series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994.

   Seasonal adjustment. The LAUS models decompose the estimates of employed and unemployed people into trend,
   seasonal, and irregular components. The benchmarked signals of employed and unemployed people first are 
   adjusted using an X-11 type of seasonal adjustment filter. The adjusted data then are smoothed using a 
   Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) filter. The smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates of employed and
   unemployed people are summed to derive the civilian labor force, and the unemployment rate then is calculated
   as the unemployed percent of the civilian labor force. The resulting smoothed-seasonally adjusted unemployment
   rate estimates are analyzed in this news release and published on the BLS website.
   
   During estimation for the current year, the smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates for a given month are 
   created using an asymmetric filter that incorporates information from previous observations only. For annual
   revisions, historical data are smoothed using a two-sided filter.

   Area definitions. The substate area data published in this release reflect the delineations that were issued
   by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. A detailed list of the geographic definitions
   is available online at www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. 

Employment--from the CES program

   Definitions. Employment data refer to people on establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the
   pay period that includes the 12th of the month. People are counted at their place of work rather than at their
   place of residence; those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each payroll. Industries are 
   classified on the basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2022 version of the North American
   Industry Classification System. 

   Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment data are produced using several estimation procedures.
   Where possible, these data are produced using a "weighted link relative" estimation technique in which a ratio
   of current month weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted employment is computed from a
   sample of establishments reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the current month are then
   obtained by multiplying these ratios by the previous month’s employment estimates. The weighted link relative
   technique is utilized for data series where the sample size meets certain statistical criteria. For some
   employment series, the estimates are produced with a model that uses direct sample estimates (described above)
   combined with other regressors to compensate for smaller sample sizes. 

   Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks,
   derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by employers who are covered under state unemployment
   insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to adjust the monthly estimates between the new 
   benchmark and the preceding one and to establish the level of employment for the new benchmark month. Thus,
   the benchmarking process establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to measure the month-to-
   month changes in the level for the subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark revisions is available
   online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.htm.

   Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted at the statewide expanded supersector 
   level. In some cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total is computed by aggregating the
   independently adjusted supersector series. In other cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total
   is independently adjusted. Revisions to historical data for the most recent five years are made once a year,
   coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.
   
   Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted concurrently, using all available estimates, including those
   for the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors. Concurrent sample-based factors are created
   every month for the current month’s preliminary estimate as well as the previous month’s final estimate. 

   Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation procedures are designed to produce accurate data for each
   individual state. BLS independently develops a national employment series; state estimates are not forced to
   sum to national totals. Each state series is subject to larger relative sampling and nonsampling errors than
   the national series. Summing state estimates cumulates individual state-level errors and can cause significant
   distortions at an aggregate level. Due to these statistical limitations, BLS does not compile a "sum-of-states"
   employment series and cautions users that such a series is subject to a relatively large and volatile error
   structure.

Reliability of the estimates

   The estimates presented in this release are based on sample surveys, administrative data, and modeling and,
   thus, are subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is a measure of sampling variability--
   that is, variation that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. 
   Survey data also are subject to nonsampling errors, such as those which can be introduced into the data 
   collection and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from sample surveys are subject to 
   additional errors resulting from the specific estimation processes used.

   Use of error measures. Changes in state unemployment rates and state nonfarm payroll employment are cited in
   the analysis of this release only if they have been determined to be statistically significant at the 90-
   percent confidence level. Furthermore, state unemployment rates for the current month generally are cited 
   only if they have been determined to be significantly different from the U.S. rate at the 90-percent
   confidence level. The underlying model-based standard error measures for unemployment rates and over-the-month
   and over-the-year changes in rates are available at www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm. The underlying standard
   error measures for over-the-month and over-the-year changes in state payroll employment data at the total
   nonfarm and supersector levels are available at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Measures of nonsampling
   error are not available.

Additional information

   Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment from the LAUS program, as well as nonfarm payroll
   employment from the CES program, for metropolitan areas and metropolitan divisions are available in the
   news release Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor force, employed
   people, unemployed people, and unemployment rates for approximately 7,600 subnational areas are available
   online at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data from the CES program for states and metropolitan areas are
   available online at www.bls.gov/sae/. If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability,
   please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services.

LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, seasonally adjusted

State and area	Civilian labor force				Unemployed
	May 2023	Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	May 2024(p)	Number				Percent of labor force
					May 2023	Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	May 2024(p)	May 2023	Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	May 2024(p)
Alabama	2,298,857	2,331,773	2,335,406	2,336,843	52,341	70,884	72,045	70,679	2.3	3.0	3.1	3.0
Alaska	356,746	357,803	357,639	357,244	14,161	16,468	16,313	16,095	4.0	4.6	4.6	4.5
Arizona	3,679,832	3,735,563	3,738,542	3,740,565	135,675	143,508	133,148	126,684	3.7	3.8	3.6	3.4
Arkansas	1,375,854	1,385,626	1,388,353	1,391,151	40,123	48,316	47,526	46,918	2.9	3.5	3.4	3.4
California	19,310,069	19,346,151	19,346,511	19,338,424	867,988	1,032,867	1,027,450	1,009,814	4.5	5.3	5.3	5.2
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale(1)	5,026,002	4,995,647	4,993,324	5,001,557	240,672	268,030	262,433	262,636	4.8	5.4	5.3	5.3
Colorado	3,231,799	3,235,343	3,236,847	3,234,028	99,425	118,276	120,155	123,600	3.1	3.7	3.7	3.8
Connecticut	1,889,835	1,910,468	1,911,069	1,914,573	63,248	85,427	83,433	81,846	3.3	4.5	4.4	4.3
Delaware	505,622	507,009	506,238	505,522	19,354	19,973	19,774	19,867	3.8	3.9	3.9	3.9
District of Columbia	396,657	406,755	408,223	408,535	19,108	21,035	21,276	21,702	4.8	5.2	5.2	5.3
Florida	10,979,092	11,097,269	11,095,135	11,081,041	305,774	353,148	360,992	360,675	2.8	3.2	3.3	3.3
Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall(1)	1,375,903	1,393,671	1,393,189	1,397,092	25,365	23,276	24,454	26,366	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.9
Georgia	5,301,085	5,343,469	5,357,120	5,375,888	168,691	163,484	165,519	169,976	3.2	3.1	3.1	3.2
Hawaii	677,723	673,119	670,966	669,590	19,003	20,979	20,826	20,049	2.8	3.1	3.1	3.0
Idaho	959,455	971,458	974,034	975,713	28,273	32,293	32,274	32,590	2.9	3.3	3.3	3.3
Illinois	6,420,656	6,487,021	6,496,124	6,510,196	269,549	312,166	313,204	317,373	4.2	4.8	4.8	4.9
Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights(1)	3,797,762	3,839,390	3,851,941	3,859,866	146,726	178,930	180,525	184,090	3.9	4.7	4.7	4.8
Indiana	3,400,579	3,380,831	3,378,864	3,377,185	109,765	119,099	121,520	124,563	3.2	3.5	3.6	3.7
Iowa	1,713,806	1,696,889	1,694,127	1,691,616	48,508	48,738	47,221	46,887	2.8	2.9	2.8	2.8
Kansas	1,514,860	1,505,428	1,506,689	1,507,193	39,971	40,789	42,048	43,851	2.6	2.7	2.8	2.9
Kentucky	2,026,326	2,027,737	2,033,964	2,040,591	82,278	90,681	93,190	94,559	4.1	4.5	4.6	4.6
Louisiana	2,075,347	2,080,454	2,081,080	2,076,732	69,597	90,827	89,428	86,120	3.4	4.4	4.3	4.1
Maine	685,397	693,189	694,231	695,441	16,904	22,674	21,560	20,529	2.5	3.3	3.1	3.0
Maryland	3,182,318	3,193,350	3,201,521	3,208,630	59,625	80,153	84,616	85,954	1.9	2.5	2.6	2.7
Massachusetts	3,753,448	3,757,029	3,769,144	3,782,680	125,344	107,278	109,246	115,246	3.3	2.9	2.9	3.0
Michigan	5,001,044	5,046,963	5,051,449	5,053,998	180,819	194,498	195,507	196,791	3.6	3.9	3.9	3.9
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn(2)	2,176,491	2,204,068	2,206,241	2,207,011	70,485	83,099	83,723	85,751	3.2	3.8	3.8	3.9
Minnesota	3,109,449	3,097,673	3,101,416	3,099,934	90,186	84,196	85,200	86,917	2.9	2.7	2.7	2.8
Mississippi	1,230,300	1,229,487	1,230,185	1,233,155	37,789	37,016	34,957	34,605	3.1	3.0	2.8	2.8
Missouri	3,088,309	3,103,994	3,112,506	3,121,056	90,483	103,674	105,408	109,398	2.9	3.3	3.4	3.5
Montana	573,399	577,498	577,770	577,585	14,973	18,785	18,024	17,670	2.6	3.3	3.1	3.1
Nebraska	1,055,469	1,054,621	1,054,583	1,053,572	22,067	26,293	26,116	26,332	2.1	2.5	2.5	2.5
Nevada	1,598,110	1,614,262	1,615,430	1,616,237	79,150	82,759	82,121	82,780	5.0	5.1	5.1	5.1
New Hampshire	757,722	765,373	767,470	769,141	13,972	19,902	19,988	19,411	1.8	2.6	2.6	2.5
New Jersey	4,837,877	4,819,879	4,824,210	4,821,162	205,605	229,103	226,144	223,898	4.2	4.8	4.7	4.6
New Mexico	966,015	968,586	969,181	970,217	34,564	37,138	36,529	37,053	3.6	3.8	3.8	3.8
New York	9,714,704	9,738,988	9,731,341	9,723,502	380,833	418,224	410,525	409,834	3.9	4.3	4.2	4.2
New York City	4,157,360	4,171,144	4,179,122	4,185,160	208,999	204,568	200,522	200,897	5.0	4.9	4.8	4.8
North Carolina	5,228,514	5,260,124	5,262,606	5,267,374	173,066	185,521	186,700	187,503	3.3	3.5	3.5	3.6
North Dakota	417,005	417,823	418,277	418,494	7,531	8,237	8,364	8,575	1.8	2.0	2.0	2.0
Ohio	5,792,277	5,801,018	5,808,631	5,817,606	193,971	220,162	229,549	242,770	3.3	3.8	4.0	4.2
Cleveland-Elyria(2)	1,033,455	1,029,266	1,026,988	1,025,667	36,753	38,978	39,900	41,002	3.6	3.8	3.9	4.0
Oklahoma	1,956,410	1,989,936	1,992,168	1,991,941	58,038	70,059	69,474	69,247	3.0	3.5	3.5	3.5
Oregon	2,156,452	2,180,593	2,185,497	2,190,271	74,218	91,886	91,309	91,143	3.4	4.2	4.2	4.2
Pennsylvania	6,506,252	6,578,843	6,595,827	6,605,448	214,292	222,957	222,728	223,190	3.3	3.4	3.4	3.4
Rhode Island	572,793	583,509	586,246	588,614	14,922	23,634	24,313	25,095	2.6	4.1	4.1	4.3
South Carolina	2,447,970	2,477,588	2,484,299	2,490,135	69,850	77,948	79,782	83,633	2.9	3.1	3.2	3.4
South Dakota	480,452	481,449	481,464	481,560	9,306	9,931	9,722	9,595	1.9	2.1	2.0	2.0
Tennessee	3,388,336	3,398,282	3,404,234	3,406,672	105,000	109,182	106,471	103,854	3.1	3.2	3.1	3.0
Texas	15,061,660	15,189,828	15,226,657	15,262,564	595,795	599,006	603,410	606,837	4.0	3.9	4.0	4.0
Utah	1,787,077	1,801,851	1,801,682	1,799,363	45,249	50,585	50,620	51,908	2.5	2.8	2.8	2.9
Vermont	350,039	355,744	356,611	357,266	5,946	7,766	7,627	7,619	1.7	2.2	2.1	2.1
Virginia	4,548,344	4,588,725	4,584,484	4,578,538	118,333	134,161	129,351	124,379	2.6	2.9	2.8	2.7
Washington	4,028,281	4,019,792	4,015,951	4,016,975	151,537	193,275	194,409	195,793	3.8	4.8	4.8	4.9
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett(1)	1,810,369	1,804,108	1,799,813	1,793,210	59,111	73,298	74,941	76,308	3.3	4.1	4.2	4.3
West Virginia	783,338	790,500	789,625	789,158	28,496	34,299	33,590	33,009	3.6	4.3	4.3	4.2
Wisconsin	3,130,856	3,140,048	3,139,614	3,140,496	89,367	92,991	91,732	92,480	2.9	3.0	2.9	2.9
Wyoming	295,556	293,020	293,098	293,079	8,211	8,292	8,206	8,362	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.9
Puerto Rico	1,174,973	1,215,040	1,211,074	1,206,781	72,450	70,464	70,845	70,346	6.2	5.8	5.8	5.8
Footnotes (1) Metropolitan division. (2) Metropolitan statistical area. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.

LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, not seasonally adjusted

State and area	Civilian labor force				Unemployed
	April		May		Number				Percent of labor force
	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	April		May		April		May
					2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)
Alabama	2,294,590	2,344,091	2,294,156	2,332,846	40,708	61,570	48,027	55,179	1.8	2.6	2.1	2.4
Alaska	351,610	353,019	356,673	356,280	13,897	15,907	14,246	15,251	4.0	4.5	4.0	4.3
Arizona	3,660,039	3,732,064	3,679,608	3,741,728	124,692	96,328	139,176	120,108	3.4	2.6	3.8	3.2
Arkansas	1,378,233	1,402,460	1,377,924	1,400,436	35,069	43,216	40,201	45,587	2.5	3.1	2.9	3.3
California	19,200,772	19,215,830	19,253,189	19,226,270	794,481	933,969	828,410	872,804	4.1	4.9	4.3	4.5
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale(1)	5,013,654	4,967,157	5,001,750	5,017,435	218,885	222,613	234,044	258,598	4.4	4.5	4.7	5.2
Colorado	3,201,870	3,222,691	3,212,065	3,203,498	86,175	110,054	95,154	126,057	2.7	3.4	3.0	3.9
Connecticut	1,870,261	1,884,167	1,888,727	1,925,891	54,470	66,064	65,160	79,043	2.9	3.5	3.4	4.1
Delaware	505,353	506,228	503,525	502,363	18,094	18,847	18,519	19,407	3.6	3.7	3.7	3.9
District of Columbia	391,535	407,568	395,460	404,401	16,074	18,756	18,364	21,879	4.1	4.6	4.6	5.4
Florida	10,932,987	11,039,168	10,960,295	11,005,132	261,409	347,533	298,200	324,710	2.4	3.1	2.7	3.0
Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall(1)	1,374,255	1,384,478	1,364,708	1,405,006	24,366	29,722	25,581	31,448	1.8	2.1	1.9	2.2
Georgia	5,281,224	5,385,064	5,292,492	5,414,940	142,835	153,808	174,262	185,688	2.7	2.9	3.3	3.4
Hawaii	678,430	664,129	674,201	665,150	17,229	18,503	18,025	15,672	2.5	2.8	2.7	2.4
Idaho	951,808	975,503	960,348	978,030	26,632	31,206	27,238	31,737	2.8	3.2	2.8	3.2
Illinois	6,387,960	6,479,837	6,377,729	6,506,477	242,521	287,481	255,838	312,500	3.8	4.4	4.0	4.8
Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights(1)	3,781,155	3,864,828	3,776,175	3,844,905	129,464	164,439	140,416	185,914	3.4	4.3	3.7	4.8
Indiana	3,391,246	3,383,143	3,402,767	3,383,814	91,991	115,782	114,313	132,857	2.7	3.4	3.4	3.9
Iowa	1,711,519	1,685,338	1,709,467	1,680,627	41,009	36,496	48,666	45,371	2.4	2.2	2.8	2.7
Kansas	1,510,365	1,506,408	1,509,612	1,502,103	36,585	40,973	39,546	46,801	2.4	2.7	2.6	3.1
Kentucky	2,025,774	2,053,970	2,026,000	2,056,778	70,851	89,496	82,266	92,475	3.5	4.4	4.1	4.5
Louisiana	2,079,289	2,083,593	2,076,666	2,056,725	63,205	71,517	75,438	74,049	3.0	3.4	3.6	3.6
Maine	677,628	691,476	680,608	694,520	16,937	19,072	17,763	18,645	2.5	2.8	2.6	2.7
Maryland	3,163,009	3,223,511	3,165,711	3,199,671	48,281	87,326	56,111	74,644	1.5	2.7	1.8	2.3
Massachusetts	3,725,958	3,791,376	3,723,265	3,800,827	106,418	118,590	118,143	142,858	2.9	3.1	3.2	3.8
Michigan	4,940,193	5,026,484	5,017,274	5,066,550	151,023	190,346	191,933	208,898	3.1	3.8	3.8	4.1
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn(2)	2,133,209	2,183,954	2,159,237	2,187,375	51,161	76,759	73,100	94,098	2.4	3.5	3.4	4.3
Minnesota	3,095,061	3,101,979	3,106,984	3,085,864	86,138	82,949	82,014	83,180	2.8	2.7	2.6	2.7
Mississippi	1,232,436	1,234,053	1,229,245	1,244,245	32,745	22,665	37,611	35,583	2.7	1.8	3.1	2.9
Missouri	3,090,547	3,146,692	3,102,347	3,153,068	80,383	101,492	96,318	123,604	2.6	3.2	3.1	3.9
Montana	571,731	578,490	575,108	578,092	14,554	15,913	14,195	16,498	2.5	2.8	2.5	2.9
Nebraska	1,056,292	1,055,256	1,059,848	1,053,000	20,707	24,343	23,578	27,260	2.0	2.3	2.2	2.6
Nevada	1,591,994	1,617,701	1,600,179	1,619,694	76,799	80,577	80,799	86,724	4.8	5.0	5.0	5.4
New Hampshire	750,791	767,143	751,543	765,905	10,834	18,646	13,129	15,181	1.4	2.4	1.7	2.0
New Jersey	4,804,763	4,824,872	4,821,413	4,785,911	175,985	198,314	206,351	214,279	3.7	4.1	4.3	4.5
New Mexico	958,491	966,713	959,999	967,849	30,294	32,359	32,879	38,441	3.2	3.3	3.4	4.0
New York	9,650,320	9,663,183	9,695,639	9,678,530	347,930	379,454	373,429	405,909	3.6	3.9	3.9	4.2
New York City	4,134,828	4,181,619	4,148,420	4,172,227	196,733	186,682	205,517	204,254	4.8	4.5	5.0	4.9
North Carolina	5,208,232	5,256,726	5,234,980	5,286,581	153,197	173,564	176,943	185,896	2.9	3.3	3.4	3.5
North Dakota	416,179	418,180	418,590	419,843	8,333	9,109	7,145	8,250	2.0	2.2	1.7	2.0
Ohio	5,762,782	5,815,017	5,790,726	5,838,205	181,062	245,666	191,710	269,403	3.1	4.2	3.3	4.6
Cleveland-Elyria(2)	1,027,199	1,025,848	1,029,087	1,025,541	34,658	41,622	39,030	45,406	3.4	4.1	3.8	4.4
Oklahoma	1,944,401	1,987,273	1,956,237	1,986,964	48,027	60,749	61,613	70,673	2.5	3.1	3.1	3.6
Oregon	2,140,612	2,187,884	2,147,372	2,188,050	65,285	79,075	69,948	81,860	3.0	3.6	3.3	3.7
Pennsylvania	6,465,472	6,587,371	6,502,615	6,613,507	186,634	188,820	206,788	212,294	2.9	2.9	3.2	3.2
Rhode Island	567,583	586,693	570,571	590,713	12,946	21,956	14,158	25,705	2.3	3.7	2.5	4.4
South Carolina	2,441,227	2,504,991	2,448,417	2,505,675	55,295	71,414	65,728	90,415	2.3	2.9	2.7	3.6
South Dakota	479,740	480,693	482,221	483,402	10,313	9,459	9,604	9,255	2.1	2.0	2.0	1.9
Tennessee	3,375,601	3,413,687	3,392,095	3,404,227	90,899	91,752	105,818	96,115	2.7	2.7	3.1	2.8
Texas	15,001,944	15,304,322	14,990,077	15,284,842	528,711	542,274	582,905	574,938	3.5	3.5	3.9	3.8
Utah	1,774,622	1,794,488	1,783,815	1,787,428	42,301	49,319	45,529	56,572	2.4	2.7	2.6	3.2
Vermont	346,795	355,532	346,865	355,188	6,288	8,079	5,608	7,215	1.8	2.3	1.6	2.0
Virginia	4,545,442	4,565,331	4,559,770	4,569,425	108,577	105,582	129,742	120,636	2.4	2.3	2.8	2.6
Washington	4,010,290	4,005,435	4,009,108	4,012,553	139,612	175,296	143,055	184,238	3.5	4.4	3.6	4.6
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett(1)	1,804,986	1,796,071	1,817,297	1,778,919	49,890	68,778	61,201	76,329	2.8	3.8	3.4	4.3
West Virginia	781,066	784,474	783,608	789,378	27,493	30,003	27,973	29,876	3.5	3.8	3.6	3.8
Wisconsin	3,109,562	3,130,285	3,115,117	3,130,935	82,884	93,793	88,230	93,924	2.7	3.0	2.8	3.0
Wyoming	293,059	292,163	293,940	291,548	8,639	8,247	7,802	8,522	2.9	2.8	2.7	2.9
Puerto Rico	1,176,652	1,197,584	1,166,452	1,199,291	65,939	66,495	70,606	66,423	5.6	5.6	6.1	5.5
Footnotes (1) Metropolitan division. (2) Metropolitan statistical area. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted [In thousands]

State	Total(1)				Construction				Manufacturing
	May 2023	Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	May 2024(p)	May 2023	Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	May 2024(p)	May 2023	Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	May 2024(p)
Alabama	2,158.2	2,193.5	2,201.3	2,204.8	99.5	104.5	105.2	105.6	280.9	287.6	287.9	288.9
Alaska	325.1	335.5	335.8	336.5	16.7	19.5	19.8	20.1	11.6	13.0	12.9	13.2
Arizona	3,188.1	3,250.8	3,258.6	3,263.0	211.8	216.4	216.1	216.4	194.4	193.7	193.7	194.4
Arkansas	1,350.5	1,367.0	1,370.0	1,366.7	62.9	68.0	67.9	67.5	163.2	160.7	161.0	161.4
California	17,826.2	17,986.1	17,990.2	18,033.9	909.4	926.5	923.6	926.4	1,334.6	1,319.1	1,314.4	1,313.0
Colorado	2,935.7	2,980.8	2,981.3	2,991.1	184.8	182.1	181.2	182.5	151.4	151.1	151.5	152.3
Connecticut	1,693.0	1,704.7	1,706.3	1,711.0	62.1	63.4	63.4	63.3	158.4	158.8	159.2	158.7
Delaware(2)	483.3	488.3	490.0	489.2	24.1	23.9	24.1	24.0	27.4	27.8	28.0	27.9
District of Columbia(2)	767.9	768.7	770.1	775.1	15.0	14.7	14.6	14.5	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.1
Florida	9,729.4	9,904.3	9,945.6	9,951.6	625.9	644.9	648.1	653.6	420.7	425.8	428.2	427.6
Georgia	4,899.8	4,951.9	4,964.5	4,973.7	219.9	226.9	225.6	225.3	428.1	433.1	436.0	435.7
Hawaii(2)	633.2	636.8	635.0	637.1	38.0	40.6	41.3	41.8	12.7	12.5	12.6	12.8
Idaho	845.1	864.9	863.4	871.0	67.9	71.6	71.1	71.6	75.1	78.8	78.3	78.8
Illinois	6,107.1	6,136.4	6,138.3	6,151.0	233.7	235.8	234.9	234.8	576.9	582.1	580.6	578.3
Indiana	3,235.3	3,276.2	3,275.4	3,280.5	160.4	167.9	167.1	167.8	534.7	531.6	532.0	531.0
Iowa	1,587.5	1,611.7	1,611.5	1,611.3	83.0	88.3	85.7	85.8	225.7	228.8	228.0	227.6
Kansas	1,440.1	1,461.0	1,464.0	1,464.1	67.7	69.4	71.1	71.0	173.4	173.7	173.4	173.9
Kentucky	2,015.1	2,034.2	2,038.1	2,042.0	88.8	92.2	93.0	93.6	256.9	256.1	255.3	255.1
Louisiana	1,955.3	1,957.9	1,964.6	1,961.2	130.6	136.1	137.0	137.1	138.9	138.8	139.2	139.6
Maine	647.3	655.7	656.5	656.6	33.6	34.1	33.8	33.1	54.2	54.1	53.9	53.9
Maryland	2,750.1	2,744.0	2,750.5	2,756.9	160.7	155.9	155.6	155.7	111.8	109.6	110.1	110.7
Massachusetts	3,712.7	3,733.5	3,729.7	3,733.9	171.9	176.0	176.0	177.4	237.7	235.1	234.2	232.6
Michigan	4,462.3	4,479.3	4,495.8	4,503.7	188.6	201.2	204.3	204.5	618.1	609.9	611.0	609.9
Minnesota	2,981.4	3,020.0	3,024.7	3,016.1	136.0	133.9	135.2	135.3	325.9	324.2	325.3	321.6
Mississippi	1,179.1	1,190.3	1,189.8	1,191.3	48.2	49.3	49.2	48.9	143.7	145.0	144.6	144.8
Missouri	2,968.8	3,025.9	3,044.9	3,050.8	142.8	150.2	152.1	152.0	287.8	287.2	290.7	292.2
Montana	518.6	528.2	529.4	532.4	36.9	39.2	39.1	39.3	21.7	21.8	21.7	21.6
Nebraska	1,047.0	1,062.5	1,065.4	1,068.5	60.9	61.2	61.2	61.3	105.1	107.1	108.4	109.0
Nevada	1,534.4	1,574.4	1,581.8	1,585.6	111.4	120.3	120.8	120.4	67.2	69.3	70.1	70.2
New Hampshire	698.0	706.3	706.2	708.4	31.2	31.8	32.0	31.9	70.9	70.1	69.9	69.6
New Jersey	4,313.5	4,385.3	4,377.2	4,393.7	165.1	169.7	169.2	168.8	255.1	254.5	253.2	253.8
New Mexico	870.6	884.3	883.9	886.2	52.2	53.3	52.4	52.2	28.7	29.1	29.5	29.4
New York	9,707.8	9,822.2	9,839.9	9,861.6	391.7	382.6	387.4	392.6	422.4	418.5	419.1	419.6
North Carolina	4,934.4	4,977.7	4,992.4	5,006.8	257.7	266.3	266.5	266.0	471.4	467.1	466.0	464.0
North Dakota	436.0	439.6	441.5	443.1	27.6	27.1	27.7	27.7	28.2	28.6	28.9	29.0
Ohio	5,613.1	5,640.1	5,641.4	5,662.6	235.7	237.0	231.8	238.8	689.3	685.4	689.4	688.6
Oklahoma	1,752.1	1,778.2	1,781.3	1,780.9	82.1	87.3	87.7	86.6	139.3	140.4	140.0	139.7
Oregon	1,980.4	1,975.3	1,977.7	1,981.7	116.7	114.4	115.4	115.0	192.1	187.3	187.8	188.0
Pennsylvania	6,070.6	6,146.9	6,147.9	6,167.7	259.8	257.7	257.2	256.8	566.8	566.4	566.3	566.7
Rhode Island	504.3	512.6	513.7	512.6	21.5	21.2	21.4	21.4	40.4	41.1	41.0	41.1
South Carolina	2,293.1	2,360.0	2,370.2	2,373.5	110.7	115.1	115.2	116.2	263.1	266.2	267.7	268.8
South Dakota	460.2	470.0	467.4	468.5	27.9	30.7	30.2	29.8	45.2	44.9	44.9	44.8
Tennessee	3,325.8	3,327.9	3,330.5	3,333.8	154.3	154.8	155.2	153.5	365.5	363.5	362.3	362.2
Texas	13,878.9	14,116.4	14,153.8	14,195.6	817.4	845.4	846.9	852.4	954.5	966.7	970.5	974.8
Utah	1,718.7	1,746.1	1,751.7	1,755.3	133.3	138.5	139.4	140.0	153.0	154.2	155.2	155.8
Vermont	308.9	313.7	314.9	314.8	15.7	15.8	15.7	15.8	28.7	28.1	27.9	27.9
Virginia	4,164.0	4,230.0	4,236.7	4,245.5	213.7	222.0	222.2	223.8	246.0	249.7	250.2	249.7
Washington	3,600.3	3,640.5	3,647.3	3,663.3	234.0	227.0	229.8	230.1	274.1	280.4	280.4	280.8
West Virginia	708.6	720.0	718.6	721.8	31.9	34.8	34.1	33.7	46.1	45.5	45.4	45.7
Wisconsin	3,008.7	3,034.4	3,038.9	3,037.4	136.3	142.3	140.9	139.4	478.9	479.0	481.3	481.6
Wyoming	291.1	292.9	293.7	294.3	21.8	22.9	23.0	22.6	10.5	10.6	10.6	10.7
Puerto Rico	942.0	958.5	958.6	959.3	34.7	35.5	35.7	35.9	83.3	84.4	85.2	84.8
Virgin Islands(2)(3)	35.8	35.4	35.5	35.5	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) Includes mining and logging, information, and other services (except public administration), not shown separately. (2) Mining and logging is combined with construction. (3) Missing series (denoted by '-') are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Trade, transportation, and utilities				Financial activities				Professional and business services
	May 2023	Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	May 2024(p)	May 2023	Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	May 2024(p)	May 2023	Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	May 2024(p)
Alabama	408.0	411.3	412.0	412.8	104.8	104.3	103.3	103.4	266.9	266.8	269.6	269.2
Alaska	65.2	66.6	66.6	67.1	11.0	11.2	11.0	10.8	27.7	28.5	28.8	28.9
Arizona	616.6	628.3	630.3	631.9	242.2	241.0	242.2	243.1	468.4	476.7	476.6	476.6
Arkansas	267.0	268.5	269.7	268.2	70.2	71.2	71.0	71.1	158.1	157.9	158.3	158.0
California	3,114.5	3,098.1	3,101.6	3,104.1	814.9	803.0	801.2	805.1	2,785.7	2,780.3	2,773.0	2,782.0
Colorado	508.8	502.4	503.7	502.8	180.4	183.7	183.6	184.7	497.1	505.3	502.7	506.4
Connecticut	298.7	297.6	297.6	297.9	118.5	118.3	119.0	118.8	221.6	219.7	219.7	220.7
Delaware	90.1	89.7	89.6	89.3	50.5	50.7	50.8	51.2	65.0	62.7	63.6	63.7
District of Columbia	30.4	30.5	30.5	30.5	26.4	25.7	25.7	25.5	175.8	173.4	174.8	176.6
Florida	1,963.1	2,000.8	2,016.5	2,018.8	682.9	682.6	680.3	681.2	1,624.4	1,616.4	1,627.5	1,624.4
Georgia	1,046.3	1,029.0	1,031.7	1,034.7	278.1	284.2	286.8	286.4	774.0	775.8	777.9	778.5
Hawaii	117.9	115.4	115.5	115.7	27.8	26.9	26.9	26.7	71.9	71.5	70.9	71.6
Idaho	161.6	162.9	163.2	164.9	41.6	41.3	41.1	41.3	109.6	110.3	110.8	112.1
Illinois	1,229.3	1,222.4	1,222.2	1,222.7	400.7	395.1	393.8	396.2	957.2	921.7	925.3	932.4
Indiana	634.3	639.2	637.1	638.3	148.6	149.3	149.9	150.3	365.1	366.8	367.2	368.8
Iowa	312.0	308.5	310.8	310.3	108.2	108.3	107.7	107.4	145.9	150.5	149.5	148.6
Kansas	276.7	277.6	278.1	278.7	76.3	76.9	77.1	77.2	177.9	178.4	177.9	176.8
Kentucky	428.1	424.8	425.2	426.1	96.9	95.2	95.3	95.7	230.4	228.8	229.8	230.6
Louisiana	373.8	371.5	372.9	372.2	97.5	94.3	93.8	95.2	219.0	218.4	220.0	220.6
Maine	120.3	120.9	121.6	122.3	33.7	33.6	33.4	33.4	76.1	77.1	76.4	75.9
Maryland	469.6	462.8	460.8	460.7	139.8	137.8	137.1	137.6	479.6	471.8	473.2	475.2
Massachusetts	563.2	560.0	560.2	561.1	229.8	230.8	229.9	229.5	634.5	628.7	628.2	627.5
Michigan	813.0	817.7	820.0	821.4	231.2	227.5	226.3	227.4	661.0	645.6	649.7	648.5
Minnesota	531.5	536.2	536.0	534.4	190.6	185.2	186.1	186.9	388.6	379.0	377.8	368.5
Mississippi	247.9	246.1	247.0	248.1	45.3	45.2	44.7	45.4	118.4	116.2	116.7	114.8
Missouri	561.1	565.8	566.7	568.1	184.1	187.8	188.2	189.4	381.9	378.5	380.2	380.5
Montana	100.7	101.2	101.1	101.5	28.1	28.2	28.2	28.3	51.4	52.0	52.6	51.8
Nebraska	198.3	201.1	201.7	201.3	70.8	69.5	69.3	69.1	125.7	127.1	127.2	127.5
Nevada	297.1	300.8	303.2	302.5	76.6	77.6	78.0	78.7	214.9	216.8	217.7	219.9
New Hampshire	140.5	139.8	140.1	140.4	34.3	34.3	34.1	34.5	98.4	98.4	98.9	99.8
New Jersey	911.4	916.6	919.2	921.9	269.1	268.8	268.6	269.1	718.4	724.1	721.8	722.3
New Mexico	145.2	145.7	145.5	145.7	35.5	36.6	35.9	35.7	119.5	122.9	122.9	123.2
New York	1,494.3	1,481.4	1,478.7	1,476.0	745.8	747.2	747.9	747.7	1,393.0	1,393.7	1,401.3	1,398.3
North Carolina	934.5	928.6	932.1	930.6	305.9	310.8	312.3	311.6	743.5	744.3	747.3	754.1
North Dakota	92.1	93.7	93.7	93.5	25.1	25.2	25.1	25.0	34.9	33.8	34.0	34.9
Ohio	1,058.4	1,055.9	1,055.6	1,057.7	325.6	318.2	317.7	316.1	744.1	742.7	745.1	749.7
Oklahoma	322.8	320.4	321.6	321.1	83.7	84.5	84.4	84.5	211.0	206.5	205.7	205.0
Oregon	365.2	361.0	361.8	360.5	103.4	101.8	101.8	102.5	266.7	260.7	259.3	260.1
Pennsylvania	1,144.9	1,139.1	1,142.1	1,142.5	339.1	343.0	342.4	342.8	842.8	838.1	832.9	834.0
Rhode Island	77.5	77.5	77.7	77.7	35.3	34.9	35.0	34.9	69.6	72.4	72.3	71.7
South Carolina	440.8	447.8	451.2	450.5	121.5	124.4	124.7	124.7	311.8	317.9	320.2	321.1
South Dakota	91.5	92.2	91.4	91.5	27.9	27.6	27.2	27.6	37.3	38.1	38.2	38.2
Tennessee	683.2	683.0	686.4	686.8	188.4	182.9	182.6	182.7	466.9	450.2	446.8	448.2
Texas	2,761.3	2,766.5	2,774.9	2,788.2	903.0	913.5	916.0	919.7	2,118.5	2,141.7	2,148.8	2,154.0
Utah	315.6	316.4	317.6	316.8	98.3	97.4	97.7	97.9	250.3	251.3	250.3	250.3
Vermont	52.4	53.4	52.8	52.8	12.0	12.2	12.2	12.2	32.7	33.6	34.2	33.9
Virginia	673.9	677.2	678.7	678.5	221.1	221.1	221.3	222.0	811.5	817.9	816.7	814.5
Washington	618.3	620.5	622.2	621.9	165.3	166.3	167.3	167.7	548.7	549.3	546.9	552.0
West Virginia	123.3	121.7	121.7	121.7	25.5	26.0	26.1	26.0	72.9	73.5	72.9	72.9
Wisconsin	553.7	553.8	555.3	554.9	159.6	159.7	159.3	159.1	331.7	326.0	327.3	328.3
Wyoming	52.3	52.3	52.4	52.4	11.5	11.3	11.6	11.6	21.8	21.6	21.5	21.5
Puerto Rico	186.4	189.4	189.2	189.5	47.3	48.2	48.3	48.2	140.8	140.6	140.0	140.6
Virgin Islands(1)	7.1	6.8	6.9	7.0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) Missing series (denoted by '-') are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Education and health services				Leisure and hospitality				Government
	May 2023	Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	May 2024(p)	May 2023	Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	May 2024(p)	May 2023	Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	May 2024(p)
Alabama	258.5	268.2	270.4	269.9	203.9	205.7	206.2	206.7	399.9	407.1	407.8	409.3
Alaska	51.1	52.3	52.8	52.8	35.2	34.9	35.7	35.8	78.8	80.0	79.5	79.4
Arizona	509.9	541.0	545.3	547.9	352.9	351.1	351.6	349.8	424.8	434.3	434.4	434.6
Arkansas	206.4	212.8	214.0	213.0	127.3	130.2	129.7	129.5	210.0	212.5	212.5	212.7
California	3,086.4	3,227.0	3,235.4	3,244.7	2,007.9	2,030.5	2,037.8	2,048.0	2,599.8	2,650.7	2,653.6	2,659.2
Colorado	367.4	381.0	384.0	383.7	350.9	356.7	355.4	357.5	468.7	490.8	492.3	494.2
Connecticut	353.6	362.0	363.2	364.8	153.2	155.6	155.1	156.9	232.5	233.5	234.4	234.9
Delaware	82.6	85.7	85.6	85.7	51.9	53.7	53.9	53.3	69.1	71.6	71.7	71.4
District of Columbia	122.1	122.5	122.7	123.7	76.4	76.9	77.6	79.0	233.5	235.2	234.8	235.0
Florida	1,469.2	1,517.2	1,518.4	1,521.1	1,293.9	1,327.5	1,333.1	1,332.5	1,119.2	1,147.0	1,150.1	1,148.8
Georgia	656.2	674.9	678.2	680.3	509.8	526.1	527.3	528.7	690.9	714.3	712.7	714.5
Hawaii	88.1	90.6	90.8	90.3	119.1	120.0	120.1	119.3	123.0	126.2	123.9	126.0
Idaho	126.4	130.3	130.6	132.1	92.9	94.4	93.5	95.3	128.7	134.5	134.4	134.7
Illinois	961.2	985.8	988.1	990.4	588.4	603.6	603.5	602.3	808.5	835.1	833.8	837.1
Indiana	495.0	512.9	513.8	514.0	313.5	315.0	315.1	315.4	421.0	428.0	428.4	430.1
Iowa	233.2	238.2	238.7	240.1	140.2	145.2	146.2	146.7	262.4	267.1	267.5	268.2
Kansas	205.2	213.4	214.7	215.3	132.0	135.5	134.7	134.3	253.2	257.9	258.1	258.5
Kentucky	300.8	313.2	316.5	316.4	203.3	206.6	206.0	206.7	306.8	312.9	312.7	313.1
Louisiana	334.4	337.3	337.5	335.1	220.1	220.1	221.3	219.1	316.5	317.8	319.5	320.1
Maine	128.9	133.8	134.9	135.1	68.4	68.7	69.0	69.8	99.8	101.5	101.6	101.6
Maryland	460.7	471.0	472.6	473.8	262.5	262.2	265.0	265.3	522.7	532.4	535.4	536.6
Massachusetts	824.4	838.7	840.0	842.5	358.7	366.7	365.3	368.2	458.5	462.6	462.1	461.6
Michigan	686.3	699.5	701.8	703.2	425.5	424.4	427.8	433.4	603.6	619.5	620.2	620.8
Minnesota	561.9	584.4	589.3	592.1	266.8	273.3	273.8	274.7	416.1	438.0	436.6	437.8
Mississippi	149.9	156.0	157.1	158.6	133.8	138.1	135.3	135.2	236.5	239.2	239.6	239.9
Missouri	505.8	523.6	527.4	526.9	306.5	320.8	323.6	325.3	431.1	440.3	441.9	443.8
Montana	83.0	86.2	85.8	85.7	71.8	74.4	74.9	76.1	92.5	92.7	93.3	95.0
Nebraska	161.0	166.3	166.8	167.2	96.1	99.1	99.2	100.8	173.7	175.8	176.1	176.4
Nevada	164.0	168.2	169.5	171.5	348.6	359.6	360.1	359.8	176.1	181.7	182.9	183.5
New Hampshire	125.3	132.1	132.5	132.5	73.3	74.1	73.7	74.6	86.6	88.6	88.2	88.1
New Jersey	746.7	782.8	783.8	786.7	399.2	409.0	401.6	408.8	598.3	606.1	607.7	609.5
New Mexico	142.6	146.3	146.6	147.1	100.0	99.4	100.3	101.3	184.1	190.0	190.3	190.7
New York	2,213.6	2,304.1	2,310.4	2,324.5	911.8	946.2	945.1	948.4	1,454.4	1,477.1	1,479.5	1,485.4
North Carolina	665.4	682.2	684.4	687.0	528.4	538.6	541.9	548.7	738.5	750.4	752.3	753.0
North Dakota	66.7	69.1	69.7	70.0	39.9	38.6	39.0	38.9	82.6	83.7	83.8	84.0
Ohio	932.0	962.2	965.2	971.5	563.3	569.5	568.5	572.1	779.6	781.5	779.4	777.7
Oklahoma	256.0	269.0	269.7	269.7	179.6	184.9	186.4	188.2	356.9	366.4	366.5	367.1
Oregon	319.2	330.1	331.5	333.6	205.9	203.9	204.4	205.4	304.4	312.6	313.1	313.4
Pennsylvania	1,304.2	1,354.6	1,357.8	1,365.2	559.6	574.5	573.8	582.5	679.3	696.5	697.2	698.0
Rhode Island	108.5	112.0	112.8	113.3	58.8	60.5	60.4	60.0	64.4	65.5	65.8	64.9
South Carolina	279.4	294.8	296.0	296.1	277.3	293.0	293.1	291.7	369.4	377.4	378.2	379.1
South Dakota	76.3	78.1	77.6	78.1	49.1	50.8	50.5	51.0	80.6	82.6	82.5	82.8
Tennessee	470.0	491.8	494.2	496.1	359.9	363.8	365.7	368.1	449.8	447.6	447.9	446.9
Texas	1,888.3	1,935.0	1,942.1	1,943.5	1,476.7	1,515.4	1,522.0	1,528.9	2,040.0	2,095.1	2,096.5	2,099.0
Utah	233.8	243.1	245.1	244.9	172.1	172.1	172.1	174.4	262.8	273.6	274.0	274.8
Vermont	62.4	63.7	63.9	63.9	34.6	35.4	36.4	37.0	55.0	56.0	56.2	55.7
Virginia	579.8	599.6	605.7	610.4	409.7	415.3	414.3	415.4	731.8	748.8	747.6	750.3
Washington	529.8	551.5	553.4	556.8	343.2	349.6	349.8	354.2	587.2	602.4	602.2	602.9
West Virginia	132.7	137.3	138.3	139.0	71.7	72.0	72.1	71.9	151.5	155.9	155.0	157.8
Wisconsin	467.0	477.6	480.0	479.2	282.0	285.8	285.5	288.9	403.5	411.5	410.9	407.1
Wyoming	29.4	29.5	29.4	29.4	38.2	39.2	39.5	39.6	68.9	70.5	70.7	70.8
Puerto Rico	123.1	126.5	127.2	127.3	91.8	98.2	97.6	98.4	199.5	202.2	201.8	201.0
Virgin Islands	2.5	2.4	2.5	2.5	6.8	6.6	6.6	6.6	10.8	10.9	10.9	10.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted [In thousands]

State	Total				Mining and logging				Construction
	April		May		April		May		April		May
	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)
Alabama	2,154.1	2,202.8	2,159.2	2,208.4	9.2	8.9	9.2	8.8	100.1	104.8	99.7	105.9
Alaska	319.8	331.2	329.8	341.3	11.4	12.4	11.5	12.4	15.3	18.6	17.3	20.7
Arizona	3,200.5	3,264.4	3,190.2	3,254.1	13.8	15.0	13.9	14.9	210.2	216.2	211.9	215.8
Arkansas	1,352.9	1,375.8	1,357.4	1,376.0	5.2	5.3	5.3	5.3	62.6	67.4	63.2	67.4
California	17,776.2	17,982.5	17,875.0	18,060.0	19.1	19.8	19.6	19.9	901.3	915.8	912.6	924.8
Colorado	2,925.6	2,970.5	2,934.8	2,988.2	21.3	22.3	21.4	22.7	183.6	178.6	186.4	184.2
Connecticut	1,678.9	1,696.4	1,702.1	1,721.0	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.6	62.1	63.0	63.6	64.6
Delaware(1)	481.2	488.0	486.4	491.8	-	-	-	-	24.3	24.2	24.4	24.2
District of Columbia(1)	765.0	767.5	765.3	771.2	-	-	-	-	15.0	14.5	15.0	14.5
Florida	9,753.6	9,965.4	9,747.5	9,947.0	5.7	6.0	5.7	6.0	623.5	645.7	626.4	652.7
Georgia	4,886.8	4,958.9	4,897.7	4,968.7	9.6	9.7	9.6	9.7	218.9	223.7	220.3	226.2
Hawaii(1)	634.8	635.8	635.9	638.7	-	-	-	-	38.1	41.3	37.9	41.6
Idaho	841.2	859.7	846.9	873.0	3.7	4.1	4.0	4.2	66.4	70.8	68.4	72.4
Illinois	6,084.3	6,118.5	6,127.1	6,173.6	7.2	7.3	7.3	7.3	232.7	228.4	239.5	238.1
Indiana	3,229.5	3,273.7	3,252.1	3,297.4	5.8	5.5	5.8	5.6	159.4	166.4	162.7	170.7
Iowa	1,591.3	1,613.9	1,597.4	1,624.4	2.3	2.2	2.4	2.2	82.9	84.5	85.6	88.4
Kansas	1,444.4	1,469.3	1,448.7	1,472.5	6.4	6.1	6.4	6.1	67.7	70.8	68.2	71.7
Kentucky	2,011.2	2,036.6	2,019.1	2,048.4	8.7	9.2	8.6	9.3	88.0	91.2	89.6	93.2
Louisiana	1,957.2	1,970.3	1,962.4	1,966.7	31.3	30.3	31.2	30.3	131.1	138.1	131.1	138.9
Maine	634.2	643.2	647.4	656.8	1.7	1.6	1.6	1.6	32.6	32.4	34.1	33.7
Maryland	2,742.1	2,745.3	2,764.4	2,767.8	1.5	1.4	1.5	1.4	160.0	153.7	161.1	155.6
Massachusetts	3,695.8	3,714.0	3,725.8	3,742.9	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.0	170.7	173.1	174.5	179.4
Michigan	4,434.7	4,471.0	4,491.3	4,530.3	7.3	7.3	7.5	7.5	183.9	199.0	194.3	209.6
Minnesota	2,953.3	2,999.8	3,002.4	3,036.7	6.2	6.4	6.6	6.6	125.5	126.0	141.3	140.1
Mississippi	1,179.7	1,192.7	1,179.3	1,194.3	6.1	6.4	6.1	6.4	48.2	49.7	48.2	48.9
Missouri	2,978.0	3,053.4	2,986.8	3,069.9	4.4	4.6	4.4	4.6	142.8	151.5	144.4	152.0
Montana	516.4	526.2	522.8	535.2	6.9	7.0	7.2	7.1	36.7	38.4	37.9	39.9
Nebraska	1,045.0	1,065.6	1,052.0	1,077.2	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.0	60.7	61.1	62.2	62.6
Nevada	1,525.4	1,583.4	1,536.2	1,593.9	14.9	15.3	14.9	15.4	111.3	123.3	112.3	122.7
New Hampshire	693.5	703.6	700.7	710.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.9	31.1	31.6	31.6	32.2
New Jersey	4,267.2	4,349.2	4,329.0	4,398.7	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.5	163.8	168.8	166.7	169.9
New Mexico	875.0	884.0	874.9	890.6	23.8	23.1	23.8	23.5	52.3	51.9	52.6	52.4
New York	9,637.4	9,814.6	9,729.4	9,897.1	5.5	5.3	5.7	5.5	386.4	380.1	398.4	394.7
North Carolina	4,922.1	4,991.2	4,954.4	5,027.2	5.6	5.7	5.7	5.8	256.6	266.1	258.6	265.9
North Dakota	431.7	438.2	439.5	446.4	17.8	18.9	18.1	19.2	25.5	25.6	28.3	28.6
Ohio	5,597.3	5,623.0	5,642.2	5,691.1	9.5	9.6	9.5	9.7	234.3	228.9	241.3	245.1
Oklahoma	1,753.0	1,785.9	1,756.0	1,787.0	32.3	32.1	31.9	32.3	81.3	87.8	82.2	87.1
Oregon	1,978.5	1,976.1	1,989.9	1,992.0	5.8	6.2	6.0	6.3	115.2	113.6	116.8	115.0
Pennsylvania	6,079.6	6,147.5	6,099.2	6,200.4	23.3	23.6	23.2	24.0	259.6	255.8	264.8	261.1
Rhode Island	500.2	511.9	508.9	515.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	21.3	21.3	22.0	22.1
South Carolina	2,290.3	2,371.3	2,300.4	2,383.9	4.4	4.6	4.4	4.6	110.2	113.8	111.0	115.4
South Dakota	455.5	462.8	464.9	473.0	1.2	1.3	1.3	1.3	26.4	28.8	28.8	30.6
Tennessee	3,319.5	3,332.2	3,328.1	3,339.0	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	153.2	154.6	154.8	154.0
Texas	13,838.8	14,132.1	13,890.7	14,198.7	213.3	208.8	213.3	206.9	815.1	840.4	819.0	849.0
Utah	1,715.2	1,750.1	1,721.5	1,759.6	10.6	10.9	10.7	11.0	130.8	137.5	134.1	140.6
Vermont	308.2	312.6	307.7	312.1	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	15.3	14.9	16.2	16.3
Virginia	4,156.9	4,234.8	4,165.2	4,249.7	7.3	7.3	7.3	7.3	213.0	220.8	214.1	224.6
Washington	3,584.6	3,640.9	3,609.2	3,674.1	5.3	5.6	5.4	5.6	232.0	230.2	235.0	232.0
West Virginia	708.4	718.4	711.3	729.2	21.2	21.2	21.3	21.5	32.1	33.3	32.5	33.3
Wisconsin	2,999.2	3,028.7	3,017.3	3,050.1	3.8	4.0	3.9	4.1	133.4	136.9	138.9	143.0
Wyoming	285.2	289.6	292.3	295.2	17.0	16.4	17.1	16.8	21.3	22.3	22.4	23.0
Puerto Rico	936.4	958.6	934.6	958.4	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	34.1	35.8	34.1	36.0
Virgin Islands(1)	36.1	35.6	36.0	35.6	-	-	-	-	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1
Footnotes (1) Mining and logging is combined with construction. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Manufacturing				Trade, transportation, and utilities				Information
	April		May		April		May		April		May
	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)
Alabama	279.9	286.8	280.3	288.9	404.5	410.2	405.6	410.8	23.3	24.2	23.5	24.3
Alaska	11.2	12.1	9.8	11.3	63.8	65.3	67.2	68.6	4.6	4.2	4.6	4.2
Arizona	194.5	192.4	193.8	194.0	610.2	625.9	610.0	625.9	51.5	49.1	51.6	49.0
Arkansas	162.2	160.9	162.6	161.1	265.5	269.3	266.1	268.3	12.9	12.7	12.8	12.4
California	1,328.9	1,306.8	1,330.6	1,305.6	3,076.4	3,070.9	3,082.7	3,076.9	569.6	527.3	566.8	523.9
Colorado	150.9	151.1	150.7	152.0	503.6	499.5	504.4	498.8	77.9	75.3	77.6	74.3
Connecticut	157.6	158.4	158.0	157.7	288.8	291.2	296.9	296.0	31.3	29.7	31.4	30.2
Delaware	27.1	27.9	27.3	27.9	88.5	88.3	89.7	88.8	3.6	3.5	3.7	3.5
District of Columbia	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.1	30.1	30.2	30.0	30.2	20.2	19.4	20.0	19.5
Florida	419.1	428.6	420.4	427.9	1,946.2	2,005.2	1,951.7	2,003.8	159.0	158.7	159.0	157.6
Georgia	426.7	434.7	427.8	433.9	1,037.5	1,025.0	1,039.4	1,029.9	122.4	108.0	121.4	110.1
Hawaii	12.6	12.5	12.7	12.7	116.9	114.3	117.1	114.6	8.3	6.6	8.3	6.5
Idaho	74.4	77.8	74.5	78.8	159.8	161.4	160.6	163.9	9.4	9.3	9.5	9.2
Illinois	575.9	580.3	573.4	579.1	1,214.3	1,211.1	1,220.9	1,216.6	95.3	90.1	95.0	90.3
Indiana	535.1	531.2	533.8	530.8	627.7	631.1	631.0	634.4	26.6	26.6	27.0	26.7
Iowa	225.4	227.6	225.1	226.9	310.5	309.7	311.1	310.3	18.7	18.0	18.7	17.9
Kansas	172.4	173.2	172.6	173.9	274.4	277.5	274.9	278.8	18.2	18.2	18.4	17.9
Kentucky	256.4	255.2	256.0	254.4	422.5	422.2	423.7	424.7	22.9	22.3	23.2	22.3
Louisiana	138.4	138.9	138.8	139.2	371.5	371.2	372.0	370.8	19.4	18.2	20.5	18.4
Maine	53.5	53.5	54.0	53.6	117.3	118.7	119.1	121.1	8.2	8.1	8.2	8.0
Maryland	111.4	109.5	111.4	110.2	463.1	456.1	465.7	458.7	35.5	33.1	35.6	32.8
Massachusetts	237.3	233.1	237.4	232.0	554.6	552.7	560.8	558.7	96.0	92.0	95.2	91.7
Michigan	616.0	606.1	617.1	608.2	802.6	812.3	813.0	822.2	58.1	57.0	57.9	57.6
Minnesota	324.4	322.5	324.5	319.9	525.4	530.1	533.4	532.5	44.8	42.2	44.6	42.4
Mississippi	144.5	145.0	144.1	146.0	245.8	246.5	246.1	246.9	9.9	9.4	9.9	9.3
Missouri	287.6	289.6	287.4	291.8	557.6	565.0	558.7	565.7	49.2	49.5	49.1	49.0
Montana	21.7	21.6	21.6	21.5	99.8	100.8	100.5	100.7	5.7	5.4	5.7	5.5
Nebraska	104.1	107.8	104.5	108.6	196.6	201.1	197.5	201.0	17.1	17.6	17.2	17.7
Nevada	67.0	69.8	67.1	70.1	291.2	300.2	293.6	300.3	18.8	19.3	19.6	19.3
New Hampshire	70.6	69.7	70.8	69.2	138.4	138.9	139.9	139.5	11.9	11.2	11.9	11.3
New Jersey	253.0	252.8	254.7	253.9	890.4	904.5	902.8	913.6	77.4	74.3	78.7	75.0
New Mexico	28.5	29.3	28.5	29.4	144.4	144.3	144.5	145.4	11.2	8.8	11.3	8.8
New York	419.7	416.6	421.5	420.1	1,466.8	1,461.1	1,484.3	1,469.6	289.9	273.5	286.6	272.0
North Carolina	470.4	464.1	470.0	462.4	923.3	923.2	929.0	925.2	86.3	82.3	86.4	82.4
North Dakota	27.9	28.6	28.1	29.0	91.2	92.9	92.3	93.6	5.6	5.3	5.6	5.4
Ohio	686.8	688.0	687.0	689.7	1,045.5	1,043.7	1,052.3	1,057.1	67.9	65.0	68.2	65.0
Oklahoma	139.0	139.4	139.1	139.7	319.9	320.7	319.3	320.1	18.3	16.9	18.6	16.6
Oregon	191.6	186.3	191.8	187.7	361.4	358.3	362.3	358.5	36.9	33.1	36.5	33.8
Pennsylvania	566.2	565.0	566.6	567.8	1,134.5	1,132.2	1,141.0	1,140.9	93.3	92.3	93.2	92.7
Rhode Island	40.4	40.9	40.4	41.1	74.6	76.7	77.2	77.8	5.7	5.5	6.1	5.5
South Carolina	262.3	266.8	262.2	269.6	436.7	448.9	439.3	450.5	29.3	28.7	29.0	29.6
South Dakota	45.1	44.8	45.1	44.4	90.2	90.5	91.8	91.9	5.0	5.1	5.1	5.2
Tennessee	365.4	362.5	365.6	363.4	675.5	682.2	678.4	683.8	55.1	54.2	55.6	54.0
Texas	950.0	967.0	952.6	971.3	2,731.4	2,755.8	2,738.4	2,768.7	235.6	232.7	235.3	233.4
Utah	152.1	154.4	152.5	156.5	312.1	314.8	313.6	315.8	42.7	42.6	42.9	42.8
Vermont	28.6	27.7	28.5	27.9	51.9	52.3	52.3	52.6	4.6	4.5	4.6	4.5
Virginia	245.0	249.9	245.6	249.3	665.6	671.4	669.1	674.6	70.7	69.4	70.8	69.9
Washington	271.0	276.9	273.3	279.4	609.6	616.0	613.6	618.0	170.2	162.6	169.7	163.4
West Virginia	46.1	45.2	46.0	45.9	122.2	121.1	122.7	121.8	7.9	7.7	7.8	7.7
Wisconsin	476.0	478.8	475.0	480.2	548.4	550.0	551.9	552.7	46.9	47.3	46.9	47.7
Wyoming	10.2	10.5	10.3	10.6	51.5	51.9	51.9	52.2	3.1	3.1	3.2	3.1
Puerto Rico	82.7	84.9	82.3	84.6	183.9	187.8	184.3	188.5	15.7	13.9	15.7	13.9
Virgin Islands	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.5	7.1	6.9	7.1	7.0	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Financial activities				Professional and business services				Education and health services
	April		May		April		May		April		May
	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)
Alabama	104.7	103.3	104.9	103.4	267.2	270.5	266.5	268.5	256.9	270.3	257.4	268.9
Alaska	10.8	10.8	11.0	10.7	27.2	28.2	28.2	29.3	51.2	53.1	51.2	53.1
Arizona	242.3	240.7	241.4	241.9	470.7	475.2	467.5	472.2	510.4	546.5	508.1	545.6
Arkansas	70.0	70.3	70.2	70.9	158.7	159.7	158.2	159.1	206.7	214.1	207.1	213.8
California	814.4	800.1	814.3	804.9	2,781.7	2,763.8	2,779.3	2,772.5	3,077.3	3,253.6	3,104.1	3,252.0
Colorado	179.7	182.2	179.6	183.1	496.1	501.4	497.9	506.7	368.0	384.2	368.7	383.2
Connecticut	117.7	118.5	118.2	118.6	221.8	219.5	223.1	223.2	354.4	364.9	353.9	364.6
Delaware	50.2	50.6	50.4	51.1	65.3	64.0	65.6	64.4	82.8	85.5	83.1	85.6
District of Columbia	26.1	25.6	26.2	25.5	175.5	173.6	175.2	175.1	122.6	123.4	121.0	122.4
Florida	680.7	676.6	681.9	677.0	1,627.5	1,627.3	1,622.8	1,621.7	1,470.9	1,519.3	1,471.7	1,514.0
Georgia	276.2	286.4	276.9	284.4	775.3	779.7	770.0	776.4	652.2	679.1	656.5	681.0
Hawaii	27.9	26.9	27.8	26.8	72.2	71.3	71.8	71.8	87.9	90.8	88.4	90.4
Idaho	41.2	41.1	41.4	41.0	109.2	109.8	110.4	112.4	128.0	131.3	126.3	132.9
Illinois	398.7	390.2	398.7	393.8	950.4	915.8	953.6	927.1	965.2	995.0	966.8	996.7
Indiana	147.6	148.4	148.4	149.7	364.0	365.7	364.7	369.6	493.8	514.9	495.3	513.3
Iowa	107.6	107.4	108.0	107.8	146.7	150.6	146.0	149.7	236.1	241.2	232.4	241.9
Kansas	76.2	76.9	76.2	77.0	179.2	178.7	177.5	176.9	204.9	215.0	205.5	215.1
Kentucky	96.7	95.0	96.9	95.5	229.6	229.5	229.1	229.8	301.1	315.9	300.5	315.5
Louisiana	97.2	93.4	97.3	95.2	219.7	220.3	219.2	220.3	334.5	339.2	335.6	336.3
Maine	33.3	33.2	33.6	33.4	75.4	75.7	76.1	75.5	129.0	135.4	128.7	135.4
Maryland	139.7	136.2	139.4	137.2	480.8	471.6	481.5	475.0	460.2	475.6	461.0	474.5
Massachusetts	228.5	228.2	228.9	227.1	634.2	628.4	635.6	628.9	829.1	848.2	825.4	840.6
Michigan	229.7	224.6	231.2	227.2	664.2	649.0	670.0	661.0	684.9	705.3	687.1	705.6
Minnesota	189.7	185.0	190.5	186.0	386.5	374.4	390.0	373.5	560.7	590.9	562.7	594.0
Mississippi	45.8	44.8	45.2	45.4	117.4	116.4	117.1	115.5	150.3	156.8	150.3	157.9
Missouri	183.6	187.5	183.8	189.2	385.7	382.2	383.9	382.9	506.5	531.7	506.0	527.1
Montana	27.8	28.1	27.9	28.2	50.8	51.8	51.7	52.1	83.8	86.0	83.5	86.1
Nebraska	70.7	69.1	70.7	69.1	126.5	127.2	125.5	127.2	160.6	167.1	160.7	168.9
Nevada	76.1	77.7	76.6	78.4	212.5	216.2	213.0	219.4	164.0	169.2	164.5	170.9
New Hampshire	34.2	33.8	34.3	34.2	97.8	99.6	98.6	101.0	127.4	134.2	126.7	133.5
New Jersey	266.5	266.7	268.2	266.9	713.7	718.9	722.3	722.1	746.6	784.8	752.5	788.9
New Mexico	35.4	36.0	35.4	35.7	119.6	123.2	119.5	124.4	145.6	147.0	144.0	147.2
New York	736.3	742.2	739.9	743.3	1,382.2	1,394.0	1,393.3	1,395.8	2,233.8	2,341.0	2,228.2	2,342.6
North Carolina	304.0	310.4	305.3	311.2	743.2	744.3	742.3	747.6	664.3	686.6	666.6	689.0
North Dakota	25.0	25.0	25.0	25.0	34.2	33.5	34.9	34.6	66.9	70.0	66.9	69.8
Ohio	324.3	316.1	325.6	314.4	744.4	742.0	746.0	751.0	929.8	967.6	933.0	970.1
Oklahoma	83.4	83.5	83.8	84.1	211.6	206.2	211.0	205.6	255.1	269.8	255.2	267.5
Oregon	102.5	101.7	103.3	102.9	266.2	258.4	266.7	260.2	319.6	334.2	320.7	334.5
Pennsylvania	337.6	341.0	338.3	342.1	844.0	833.3	845.2	834.3	1,317.5	1,371.6	1,307.5	1,368.1
Rhode Island	35.3	35.0	35.2	34.8	69.9	72.0	70.2	71.6	110.2	114.3	110.3	113.8
South Carolina	121.0	124.3	121.8	125.0	309.0	319.3	311.4	322.3	278.0	297.2	279.8	296.2
South Dakota	27.6	27.1	27.9	27.3	37.0	38.0	37.6	38.5	76.5	77.7	76.6	78.5
Tennessee	187.3	181.5	188.3	182.9	465.4	445.2	465.2	447.3	468.6	496.4	467.7	494.4
Texas	898.0	911.9	900.0	914.9	2,115.8	2,136.5	2,112.8	2,141.8	1,883.2	1,940.7	1,890.0	1,942.6
Utah	97.8	97.1	98.0	97.9	249.3	250.0	251.4	251.6	237.4	248.1	231.7	242.3
Vermont	11.9	12.1	12.0	12.2	33.2	34.0	32.9	34.0	63.7	65.1	62.2	64.3
Virginia	220.0	221.4	221.0	220.6	810.3	816.7	810.4	816.7	581.4	606.9	574.6	610.1
Washington	164.5	166.6	165.3	167.5	546.3	544.3	547.6	549.7	530.7	555.7	531.6	559.8
West Virginia	25.7	26.1	25.6	26.1	72.9	73.7	72.9	73.4	131.9	138.1	132.4	139.3
Wisconsin	158.6	159.4	159.2	158.8	331.2	325.8	332.2	329.3	467.4	481.1	467.8	479.2
Wyoming	11.4	11.5	11.4	11.5	21.4	21.2	22.1	21.6	29.4	29.4	29.6	29.7
Puerto Rico	46.8	48.1	46.8	48.0	139.2	139.5	139.0	140.1	123.3	128.2	123.7	128.4
Virgin Islands	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.7	3.0	2.9	3.0	2.9	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Leisure and hospitality				Other services				Government
	April		May		April		May		April		May
	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)
Alabama	204.5	207.8	206.8	212.2	103.1	106.0	103.6	105.8	400.7	410.0	401.7	410.9
Alaska	32.6	33.0	37.2	37.7	11.5	12.0	11.7	12.0	80.2	81.5	80.1	81.3
Arizona	360.9	355.3	358.2	350.7	102.1	103.8	102.7	105.2	433.9	444.3	431.1	438.9
Arkansas	128.0	131.5	130.5	133.1	67.1	67.9	67.6	68.1	214.0	216.7	213.8	216.5
California	2,001.1	2,033.7	2,027.1	2,062.0	583.1	599.7	588.1	607.5	2,623.3	2,691.0	2,649.8	2,710.0
Colorado	344.4	352.2	343.7	351.6	127.1	128.0	127.4	129.3	473.0	495.7	477.0	502.3
Connecticut	149.2	149.0	157.8	161.2	61.8	63.9	62.5	64.6	233.6	237.8	236.1	239.7
Delaware	50.3	51.9	53.3	54.8	19.0	19.2	19.0	19.3	70.1	72.9	69.9	72.2
District of Columbia	77.0	77.3	77.7	79.7	66.8	68.8	66.8	69.3	230.7	233.7	232.4	233.9
Florida	1,316.2	1,348.9	1,313.3	1,347.5	366.3	378.6	366.0	379.1	1,138.5	1,170.5	1,128.6	1,159.7
Georgia	511.5	529.3	517.3	532.7	165.5	168.9	166.9	171.0	691.0	714.4	691.6	713.4
Hawaii	118.7	119.3	119.2	118.9	26.5	26.3	26.5	26.2	125.7	126.5	126.2	129.2
Idaho	90.8	90.9	93.3	94.8	27.4	26.3	27.7	26.4	130.9	136.9	130.8	137.0
Illinois	582.2	597.8	601.6	612.4	248.5	258.4	249.5	259.9	813.9	844.1	820.8	852.3
Indiana	311.3	314.7	320.8	324.6	129.1	131.8	130.7	133.0	429.1	437.4	431.9	439.0
Iowa	139.9	144.0	144.7	149.7	55.6	56.4	55.9	56.0	265.6	272.3	267.5	273.6
Kansas	132.2	134.8	134.8	135.9	53.3	54.6	53.4	54.8	259.5	263.5	260.8	264.4
Kentucky	204.2	207.4	208.6	212.9	71.4	72.7	71.6	73.7	309.7	316.0	311.3	317.1
Louisiana	220.5	221.9	222.5	220.0	73.2	75.4	74.1	74.4	320.4	323.4	320.1	322.9
Maine	61.1	60.5	68.8	70.0	21.9	21.6	22.1	21.6	100.2	102.5	101.1	102.9
Maryland	257.0	259.4	268.1	269.8	105.2	106.1	106.0	107.4	527.7	542.6	533.1	545.2
Massachusetts	345.4	349.9	365.1	373.5	135.7	138.7	137.5	140.3	463.3	468.7	464.3	469.7
Michigan	411.9	409.2	436.0	440.1	168.2	168.4	170.6	170.1	607.9	632.8	606.6	621.2
Minnesota	257.1	265.7	273.4	280.5	112.0	114.6	113.1	116.1	421.0	442.0	422.3	445.1
Mississippi	135.2	136.8	136.0	137.7	39.5	39.9	39.6	39.9	237.0	241.0	236.7	240.4
Missouri	308.5	323.5	315.3	337.5	114.6	119.7	114.8	118.3	437.5	448.6	439.0	451.8
Montana	70.5	71.7	71.4	75.5	19.5	20.1	19.6	20.7	93.2	95.3	95.8	97.9
Nebraska	95.7	98.3	98.3	102.7	36.8	37.2	37.1	37.5	175.2	178.1	177.2	180.9
Nevada	347.1	360.4	350.9	363.6	44.6	45.1	44.6	45.4	177.9	186.9	179.1	188.4
New Hampshire	68.2	68.5	72.7	73.7	24.4	24.5	24.7	24.7	88.7	90.8	88.7	90.6
New Jersey	379.0	388.1	405.3	416.3	169.1	173.6	171.7	176.4	606.3	615.2	604.7	614.2
New Mexico	100.0	99.3	100.8	101.7	27.9	28.3	27.8	28.7	186.3	192.8	186.7	193.4
New York	882.8	922.9	926.6	965.6	384.9	389.4	389.4	390.7	1,449.1	1,488.5	1,455.5	1,497.2
North Carolina	522.4	536.4	540.6	560.4	196.5	200.3	198.3	203.1	749.5	771.8	751.6	774.2
North Dakota	39.0	37.8	40.3	39.3	15.2	15.4	15.3	15.8	83.4	85.2	84.7	86.1
Ohio	558.4	557.8	581.1	586.7	207.1	213.0	208.8	216.3	789.3	791.3	789.4	786.0
Oklahoma	180.8	187.5	182.7	191.8	70.5	70.1	70.6	69.9	360.8	371.9	361.6	372.3
Oregon	203.8	200.8	207.8	207.3	64.2	63.9	64.8	63.8	311.3	319.6	313.2	322.0
Pennsylvania	553.0	565.5	575.3	600.3	255.4	258.5	257.7	261.9	695.2	708.7	686.4	707.2
Rhode Island	56.1	57.4	59.8	60.0	21.6	21.6	22.0	22.0	64.9	67.0	65.5	66.2
South Carolina	279.1	294.6	284.2	299.3	85.7	90.5	86.2	91.0	374.6	382.6	371.1	380.4
South Dakota	47.2	47.7	50.2	52.5	17.8	18.3	18.0	18.2	81.5	83.5	82.5	84.6
Tennessee	362.6	365.1	367.4	373.3	127.2	130.1	128.2	130.7	454.6	455.8	452.3	450.6
Texas	1,477.2	1,523.3	1,497.7	1,550.5	465.1	492.7	470.8	494.1	2,054.1	2,122.3	2,060.8	2,125.5
Utah	172.3	170.9	172.3	173.7	45.2	46.5	45.9	46.6	264.9	277.3	268.4	280.8
Vermont	32.2	33.6	31.7	34.5	9.8	10.3	10.0	10.3	56.2	57.3	56.5	54.7
Virginia	406.9	412.9	419.7	423.6	197.6	203.0	198.7	203.5	739.1	755.1	733.9	749.5
Washington	339.8	348.5	346.5	359.0	123.2	125.7	124.3	127.8	592.0	608.8	596.9	611.9
West Virginia	71.5	71.0	72.9	72.9	23.8	23.9	24.0	23.8	153.1	157.1	153.2	163.5
Wisconsin	273.1	274.8	288.6	294.4	144.0	146.5	144.6	147.9	416.4	424.1	408.3	412.8
Wyoming	34.7	36.5	37.6	38.7	16.1	15.4	16.2	15.5	69.1	71.4	70.5	72.5
Puerto Rico	90.8	97.2	91.0	97.5	18.9	19.1	18.9	19.1	200.4	203.5	198.2	201.7
Virgin Islands	6.8	6.6	6.9	6.6	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	10.9	11.0	10.8	10.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.