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Economic News Release
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Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment (Monthly) News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, April 27, 2022 			      USDL-22-0709

Technical information: 
 Employment:             (202) 691-6559  *  sminfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/sae 
 Unemployment:           (202) 691-6392  *  lausinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/lau 

Media contact:           (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


	     METROPOLITAN AREA EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT -- MARCH 2022


Unemployment rates were lower in March than a year earlier in 386 of the 389 metropolitan
areas and higher in 3 areas, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. A total
of 108 areas had jobless rates of less than 3.0 percent and 2 areas had rates of at 
least 10.0 percent. Nonfarm payroll employment increased over the year in 147
metropolitan areas and was essentially unchanged in 242 areas. The national unemployment
rate in March was 3.8 percent, not seasonally adjusted, down from 6.2 percent a year
earlier.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor
force and unemployment data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those
used for the national household survey estimates. These data pertain to individuals by
where they reside. The employment data are from an establishment survey that measures
nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. These data pertain to jobs on 
payrolls defined by where the establishments are located. For more information about
the concepts and statistical methodologies used by these two programs, see the 
Technical Note.

Metropolitan Area Unemployment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

In March, Logan, UT-ID, had the lowest unemployment rate, 1.7 percent. The next lowest 
rates were in Burlington-South Burlington, VT, Elkhart-Goshen, IN, and Provo-Orem, UT,
1.8 percent each. El Centro, CA, had the highest rate, 12.3 percent. A total of 229 
areas had March jobless rates below the U.S. rate of 3.8 percent, 147 areas had rates 
above it, and 13 areas had rates equal to that of the nation. (See table 1.)

The largest over-the-year unemployment rate decreases in March occurred in Las Vegas-
Henderson-Paradise, NV (-5.3 percentage points), Atlantic City-Hammonton, NJ (-5.2 
points), and Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA (-5.1 points). Rates fell over the year
by at least 4.0 percentage points in an additional 17 areas. No area had an unemployment
rate increase greater than 0.2 percentage point.

Of the 51 metropolitan areas with a 2010 Census population of 1 million or more, Salt 
Lake City, UT, had the lowest jobless rate in March, 2.1 percent. Cleveland-Elyria, OH,
had the highest unemployment rate, 6.7 percent. Fifty large areas had over-the-year 
unemployment rate decreases, the largest of which were in Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, 
NV (-5.3 percentage points), and Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA (-5.1 points). The
only positive rate difference relative to March 2021 was marginal (+0.2 percentage point
in Cleveland-Elyria, OH).

Metropolitan Division Unemployment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

Eleven of the most populous metropolitan areas are made up of 38 metropolitan divisions,
which are essentially separately identifiable employment centers. In March, San 
Francisco-Redwood City-South San Francisco, CA, and San Rafael, CA, had the lowest 
division unemployment rates, 2.4 percent each. Detroit-Dearborn-Livonia, MI, and Tacoma-
Lakewood, WA, had the highest rates among the divisions, 5.8 percent each. (See table 2.)

In March, all 38 metropolitan divisions had over-the-year unemployment rate decreases.
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA, had the largest rate decline (-5.5 percentage
points). The smallest rate decline occurred in Tacoma-Lakewood, WA (-1.2 percentage 
points).

Metropolitan Area Nonfarm Employment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

In March, nonfarm payroll employment increased over the year in 147 metropolitan areas and
was essentially unchanged in 242 areas. The largest over-the-year employment increases 
occurred in New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA (+496,300), Los Angeles-Long Beach-
Anaheim, CA (+390,800), and Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX (+267,800). The largest over-
the-year percentage gains in employment occurred in Atlantic City-Hammonton, NJ (+12.3 
percent), Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV (+12.1 percent), and Flagstaff, AZ (+10.2 
percent). (See table 3.)

Over the year, nonfarm employment increased in 45 metropolitan areas with a 2010 Census
population of 1 million or more, while employment was essentially unchanged in 6 areas.
The largest over-the-year percentage increase in employment in these large metropolitan
areas occurred in Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV (+12.1 percent), followed by Orlando-
Kissimmee-Sanford, FL (+8.6 percent), and Austin-Round Rock, TX (+8.5 percent). 

Metropolitan Division Nonfarm Employment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

In March, nonfarm payroll employment increased over the year in 28 metropolitan 
divisions and was essentially unchanged in 10 divisions. The largest over-the-year 
increases in employment among the metropolitan divisions occurred in New York-Jersey 
City-White Plains, NY-NJ (+381,200), Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA (+299,100), and
Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX (+203,600). (See table 4.)

The largest over-the-year percentage increase in employment occurred in San Francisco-
Redwood City-South San Francisco, CA (+8.7 percent), followed by Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX
(+7.6 percent), and Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA (+7.2 percent). 

_____________
The State Employment and Unemployment news release for April is scheduled to be 
released on Friday, May 20, 2022, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The Metropolitan Area Employment
and Unemployment news release for April is scheduled to be released on Wednesday, 
June 1, 2022, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).




Technical Note
  
   This news release presents civilian labor force and unemployment data from the
Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program (tables 1 and 2) for 389
metropolitan statistical areas and metropolitan New England City and Town Areas
(NECTAs), plus 7 areas in Puerto Rico. Estimates for 38 metropolitan and NECTA
divisions also are presented. Nonfarm payroll employment estimates from the
Current Employment Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 4) are provided for
the same areas. State estimates were previously published in the news release
State Employment and Unemployment, and are republished in this news release for
ease of reference. The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state cooperative
endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment--from the LAUS program

   Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment data are based on the
same concepts and definitions as those used for the official national estimates
obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of households
that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census
Bureau. The LAUS program measures employed persons and unemployed persons on a
place-of-residence basis.  The universe for each is the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years of age and older. Employed persons are those who did any work
at all for pay or profit in the reference week (typically the week including the
12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family business or
farm, plus those not working who had a job from which they were temporarily absent,
whether or not paid, for such reasons as labor-management dispute, illness, or
vacation. Unemployed persons are those who were not employed during the reference
week (based on the definition above), had actively looked for a job sometime in the
4-week period ending with the reference week, and were currently available for work;
persons on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as
unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
The unemployment rate is the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor
force.

   Method of estimation. Estimates for states, the District of Columbia, the Los
Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division, and New York City are produced
using time-series models with real-time benchmarking to national CPS totals. Model-
based estimates are also produced for the following areas and their respective
balances: the Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, IL Metropolitan Division;
Cleveland-Elyria, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area; Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI
Metropolitan Statistical Area; Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall, FL Metropolitan Division;
and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA Metropolitan Division. Modeling improves the
statistical basis of the estimation for these areas and provides important tools
for analysis, such as measures of errors and seasonally adjusted series. For all
other substate areas in this news release, estimates are prepared through indirect
estimation procedures using a building-block approach.  Estimates of employed
persons, which are based largely on “place of work” estimates from the CES program,
are adjusted to refer to place of residence as used in the CPS. Unemployment
estimates are aggregates of persons previously employed in industries covered by
state unemployment insurance (UI) laws and entrants to the labor force from the
CPS. The substate estimates of employment and unemployment, which geographically
exhaust the entire state, are adjusted proportionally to ensure that they add to
the independently estimated model-based area totals. A detailed description of the
estimation procedures is available from BLS upon request.

   Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment data shown for the prior
year reflect adjustments made at the beginning of each year, usually implemented with
the issuance of January estimates. The adjusted model-based estimates typically reflect
updated population data from the U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions in other input
data sources, and model re-estimation. All substate estimates then are re-estimated
using updated inputs and adjusted to add to the revised model-based totals. In early
2021, a new generation of time-series models was implemented, resulting in the
replacement of data back to the series beginnings.

Employment--from the CES program 

   Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on establishment payrolls who receive
pay for any part of the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are
counted at their place of work rather than at their place of residence; those appearing
on more than one payroll are counted on each payroll. Industries are classified on the
basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North
American Industry Classification System.

   Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment data are produced using several
estimation procedures. Where possible, these data are produced using a "weighted link
relative" estimation technique in which a ratio of current month weighted employment
to that of the previous-month weighted employment is computed from a sample of
establishments reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the current
month are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by the previous month's employment
estimates. The weighted link relative technique is utilized for data series where the
sample size meets certain statistical criteria. For some employment series, the
estimates are produced with a model that uses direct sample estimates (described
above) combined with other regressors to compensate for smaller sample sizes. 

   Annual revisions.  Employment estimates are adjusted annually to a complete count
of jobs, called benchmarks, derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by
employers who are covered under state unemployment insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark
information is used to adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and the
preceding one and also to establish the level of employment for the new benchmark month.
Thus, the benchmarking process establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used
to measure the month-to-month changes in the level for the subsequent months.

   Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted for states,
metropolitan areas, and metropolitan divisions at the total nonfarm level. For states,
data are seasonally adjusted at the supersector level as well. Revisions to historical
data for the most recent 5 years are made once a year, coincident with annual benchmark
adjustments.

   Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted concurrently, using all available
estimates including those for the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors.
Concurrent sample-based factors are created every month for the current month's preliminary
estimate as well as the previous month's final estimate.

Reliability of the estimates

   The estimates presented in this news release are based on sample surveys, administrative data,
and modeling and, thus, are subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error
is a measure of sampling variability—that is, variation that occurs by chance because a
sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. Survey data also are subject to
nonsampling errors, such as those which can be introduced into the data collection and
processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from sample surveys are subject to
additional errors resulting from the specific estimation processes used. The sums of
individual items may not always equal the totals shown in the same tables because of
rounding.

Use of error measures

   Civilian labor force and unemployment estimates. Measures of sampling error are not
available for metropolitan areas or metropolitan divisions. Model-based error measures for
states are available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/laus/lastderr.htm. Measures of
nonsampling error are not available for the areas contained in this news release. Information
on recent data revisions for states and local areas is available online at
www.bls.gov/lau/launews1.htm.

   Employment estimates. Changes in metropolitan area nonfarm payroll employment are cited
in the analysis of this news release only if they have been determined to be statistically
significant at the 90-percent confidence level.  Measures of sampling error for the total
nonfarm employment series are available for metropolitan areas and metropolitan divisions
at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Measures of sampling error for more detailed series
at the area and division level are available upon request. Measures of sampling error for
states  at the supersector level and for the private service-providing, goods-producing,
total private and total nonfarm levels are available on the BLS website at 
www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Information on recent benchmark revisions
is available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.pdf.

Area definitions

   The substate area data published in this news release reflect the delineations issued by the
U.S. Office of Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. Data reflect New England City and
Town Area (NECTA) definitions, rather than county-based definitions, in the six New England
States. A detailed list of the geographic definitions is available online at
www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm.

Additional information

   Estimates of unadjusted and seasonally adjusted civilian labor force and unemployment
data for states and seven substate areas are available in the news release State Employment
and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment for all states,
metropolitan areas, counties, cities with a population of 25,000 or more, and other areas
used in the administration of various federal economic assistance programs are available
on the Internet at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data from the CES program for states and
metropolitan areas are available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/sae/.

   If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to 
access telecommunications relay services.




LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area
State and area Civilian labor force Unemployed
February March Number Percent of labor force
2021 2022 2021 2022(p) February March February March
2021 2022 2021 2022(p) 2021 2022 2021 2022(p)

Alabama

2,245,086 2,282,284 2,240,631 2,281,792 90,280 70,038 81,602 56,553 4.0 3.1 3.6 2.5

Anniston-Oxford-Jacksonville

46,395 46,885 46,289 46,855 2,169 1,718 1,995 1,425 4.7 3.7 4.3 3.0

Auburn-Opelika

76,607 78,884 76,434 78,817 2,486 2,070 2,253 1,698 3.2 2.6 2.9 2.2

Birmingham-Hoover

554,047 567,318 552,596 565,927 20,451 15,956 18,582 12,864 3.7 2.8 3.4 2.3

Daphne-Fairhope-Foley

97,097 100,917 97,962 100,984 3,565 2,756 3,166 2,234 3.7 2.7 3.2 2.2

Decatur

73,735 74,888 73,670 74,769 2,282 1,825 2,087 1,487 3.1 2.4 2.8 2.0

Dothan

64,838 65,936 64,476 65,606 2,472 1,944 2,241 1,557 3.8 2.9 3.5 2.4

Florence-Muscle Shoals

65,388 66,840 65,546 66,632 2,578 2,130 2,364 1,677 3.9 3.2 3.6 2.5

Gadsden

39,724 39,762 39,527 39,593 1,880 1,450 1,705 1,172 4.7 3.6 4.3 3.0

Huntsville

237,240 244,546 238,297 244,552 7,238 5,907 6,632 4,780 3.1 2.4 2.8 2.0

Mobile

191,027 194,174 190,731 193,172 10,734 7,898 9,677 6,299 5.6 4.1 5.1 3.3

Montgomery

174,654 176,400 173,978 175,401 8,547 6,187 7,596 5,051 4.9 3.5 4.4 2.9

Tuscaloosa

115,532 117,068 114,813 116,947 4,950 3,691 4,470 2,985 4.3 3.2 3.9 2.6

Alaska

347,094 358,912 347,584 357,679 27,094 19,820 26,831 18,321 7.8 5.5 7.7 5.1

Anchorage

197,368 204,490 197,340 203,404 14,666 9,954 14,532 9,249 7.4 4.9 7.4 4.5

Fairbanks

43,953 45,864 44,524 46,010 2,341 2,134 2,697 1,966 5.3 4.7 6.1 4.3

Arizona

3,500,114 3,575,703 3,507,434 3,565,640 212,730 127,819 200,107 100,583 6.1 3.6 5.7 2.8

Flagstaff

69,460 74,610 70,122 74,729 5,550 3,517 5,146 2,751 8.0 4.7 7.3 3.7

Lake Havasu City-Kingman

85,640 89,513 86,048 88,334 5,794 3,937 5,444 3,111 6.8 4.4 6.3 3.5

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale

2,493,707 2,539,291 2,494,901 2,532,804 143,712 79,352 134,620 61,716 5.8 3.1 5.4 2.4

Prescott

103,813 107,008 104,755 106,899 5,496 3,169 5,170 2,447 5.3 3.0 4.9 2.3

Sierra Vista-Douglas

49,587 49,781 49,358 49,575 2,831 1,886 2,683 1,476 5.7 3.8 5.4 3.0

Tucson

479,582 488,609 481,821 486,578 30,175 17,399 28,410 13,638 6.3 3.6 5.9 2.8

Yuma

91,904 99,333 93,011 98,790 9,356 11,846 9,329 10,049 10.2 11.9 10.0 10.2

Arkansas

1,329,596 1,349,554 1,333,827 1,353,653 71,942 51,418 63,044 43,909 5.4 3.8 4.7 3.2

Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers

282,965 296,639 283,389 297,303 11,158 7,780 10,009 6,779 3.9 2.6 3.5 2.3

Fort Smith

115,862 117,454 115,461 117,378 6,103 4,256 5,278 3,735 5.3 3.6 4.6 3.2

Hot Springs

40,300 40,444 40,552 40,321 2,819 1,864 2,428 1,601 7.0 4.6 6.0 4.0

Jonesboro

64,997 66,313 65,451 66,504 2,994 2,045 2,636 1,767 4.6 3.1 4.0 2.7

Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway

347,625 353,331 347,692 352,374 19,271 13,445 17,082 11,483 5.5 3.8 4.9 3.3

Pine Bluff

33,528 33,126 33,358 33,131 2,591 2,009 2,304 1,746 7.7 6.1 6.9 5.3

California

18,786,310 19,336,327 18,800,220 19,374,110 1,670,382 940,597 1,622,335 823,020 8.9 4.9 8.6 4.2

Bakersfield

380,475 389,093 372,161 380,129 45,292 32,529 45,651 29,168 11.9 8.4 12.3 7.7

Chico

91,715 92,277 92,247 93,025 7,840 4,758 7,668 4,127 8.5 5.2 8.3 4.4

El Centro

68,171 70,655 67,977 70,267 11,850 9,941 11,662 8,662 17.4 14.1 17.2 12.3

Fresno

440,303 455,657 438,213 453,937 49,265 34,959 48,992 31,095 11.2 7.7 11.2 6.9

Hanford-Corcoran

56,428 57,355 55,257 56,643 6,618 4,899 6,486 4,255 11.7 8.5 11.7 7.5

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim

6,522,533 6,672,975 6,530,794 6,669,835 645,569 331,169 627,706 297,506 9.9 5.0 9.6 4.5

Madera

62,576 64,601 61,190 63,587 6,640 4,649 6,584 4,068 10.6 7.2 10.8 6.4

Merced

113,869 116,793 114,015 116,833 14,903 10,936 14,812 9,693 13.1 9.4 13.0 8.3

Modesto

238,838 241,333 239,612 241,927 23,902 15,662 23,626 13,680 10.0 6.5 9.9 5.7

Napa

66,848 69,763 67,643 70,133 5,357 2,702 4,942 2,276 8.0 3.9 7.3 3.2

Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura

403,026 412,989 405,573 414,745 30,315 17,029 28,871 14,423 7.5 4.1 7.1 3.5

Redding

72,561 73,681 72,935 74,095 6,271 3,912 6,130 3,380 8.6 5.3 8.4 4.6

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario

2,112,751 2,180,311 2,107,973 2,186,022 184,680 108,894 178,873 93,669 8.7 5.0 8.5 4.3

Sacramento--Roseville--Arden-Arcade

1,095,178 1,122,528 1,097,051 1,130,156 85,656 49,031 82,890 41,931 7.8 4.4 7.6 3.7

Salinas

199,907 206,821 200,616 207,698 25,196 18,412 24,242 15,780 12.6 8.9 12.1 7.6

San Diego-Carlsbad

1,525,589 1,589,258 1,527,225 1,596,838 121,027 64,312 116,069 54,747 7.9 4.0 7.6 3.4

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward

2,428,455 2,529,604 2,434,644 2,546,066 165,945 87,073 160,317 74,151 6.8 3.4 6.6 2.9

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara

1,036,751 1,073,513 1,036,306 1,080,536 62,063 32,019 59,837 27,447 6.0 3.0 5.8 2.5

San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles-Arroyo Grande

134,100 138,192 135,319 138,990 9,027 4,548 8,447 3,869 6.7 3.3 6.2 2.8

Santa Cruz-Watsonville

130,649 133,951 131,751 134,665 12,226 8,136 11,845 7,063 9.4 6.1 9.0 5.2

Santa Maria-Santa Barbara

211,254 218,925 215,193 221,700 16,795 9,428 15,724 7,786 8.0 4.3 7.3 3.5

Santa Rosa

239,561 248,423 240,742 249,089 16,782 8,669 16,028 7,421 7.0 3.5 6.7 3.0

Stockton-Lodi

334,980 338,496 333,881 339,154 34,898 22,234 34,046 19,212 10.4 6.6 10.2 5.7

Vallejo-Fairfield

198,057 202,218 198,348 202,580 17,975 10,791 17,350 9,231 9.1 5.3 8.7 4.6

Visalia-Porterville

199,558 206,909 198,107 203,592 25,266 19,156 25,431 17,090 12.7 9.3 12.8 8.4

Yuba City

75,073 77,150 75,144 77,445 8,354 5,780 8,255 5,027 11.1 7.5 11.0 6.5

Colorado

3,118,541 3,228,396 3,119,190 3,224,391 197,389 129,755 194,294 113,740 6.3 4.0 6.2 3.5

Boulder

192,399 200,705 192,948 201,410 10,202 6,437 9,928 5,504 5.3 3.2 5.1 2.7

Colorado Springs

360,707 369,823 361,090 368,966 23,639 15,666 23,412 13,704 6.6 4.2 6.5 3.7

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood

1,664,769 1,720,658 1,662,951 1,718,695 106,202 69,633 104,859 61,300 6.4 4.0 6.3 3.6

Fort Collins

202,596 211,132 202,909 210,243 11,757 7,392 11,347 6,392 5.8 3.5 5.6 3.0

Grand Junction

76,355 79,025 77,176 79,115 5,384 3,565 5,242 3,074 7.1 4.5 6.8 3.9

Greeley

164,098 168,790 163,960 168,245 11,163 7,305 11,072 6,440 6.8 4.3 6.8 3.8

Pueblo

77,047 79,084 77,052 79,045 6,743 4,929 6,734 4,527 8.8 6.2 8.7 5.7

Connecticut

1,830,706 1,875,377 1,839,446 1,898,714 142,795 94,528 135,893 81,127 7.8 5.0 7.4 4.3

Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk

440,526 456,095 445,393 461,669 35,139 23,388 33,278 20,004 8.0 5.1 7.5 4.3

Danbury

100,734 103,716 101,663 105,088 7,139 4,674 6,639 3,960 7.1 4.5 6.5 3.8

Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford

609,094 616,623 609,296 625,092 46,758 30,714 44,586 26,323 7.7 5.0 7.3 4.2

New Haven

321,669 331,016 322,704 335,190 23,314 15,330 22,237 13,092 7.2 4.6 6.9 3.9

Norwich-New London-Westerly

132,462 134,457 133,346 135,767 11,673 7,505 10,951 6,344 8.8 5.6 8.2 4.7

Waterbury

107,554 110,065 107,971 111,051 10,055 6,895 9,819 6,032 9.3 6.3 9.1 5.4

Delaware

493,300 498,126 496,699 498,838 30,055 23,217 29,426 23,214 6.1 4.7 5.9 4.7

Dover

81,154 82,018 81,814 82,099 5,499 4,239 5,407 4,320 6.8 5.2 6.6 5.3

Salisbury(1)

187,358 190,085 189,956 192,034 13,108 10,528 12,562 10,154 7.0 5.5 6.6 5.3

District of Columbia

377,008 386,239 377,021 386,738 24,737 21,639 24,808 21,938 6.6 5.6 6.6 5.7

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria

3,323,525 3,372,740 3,336,922 3,396,080 177,237 122,071 175,421 120,740 5.3 3.6 5.3 3.6

Florida

10,153,076 10,533,849 10,151,654 10,544,018 561,605 322,010 533,837 284,340 5.5 3.1 5.3 2.7

Cape Coral-Fort Myers

352,544 365,623 354,884 367,994 17,329 10,765 16,693 9,241 4.9 2.9 4.7 2.5

Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin

129,468 132,660 131,943 134,743 5,457 3,339 5,131 2,886 4.2 2.5 3.9 2.1

Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach

298,697 306,348 299,825 308,100 16,440 10,290 15,651 8,790 5.5 3.4 5.2 2.9

Gainesville

145,012 148,343 144,993 148,678 6,503 4,023 5,858 3,500 4.5 2.7 4.0 2.4

Homosassa Springs

47,302 47,415 47,448 47,545 3,160 2,054 3,050 1,756 6.7 4.3 6.4 3.7

Jacksonville

783,193 813,328 783,539 819,108 37,860 23,192 35,520 20,156 4.8 2.9 4.5 2.5

Lakeland-Winter Haven

324,879 334,283 324,788 335,561 20,526 12,312 19,165 10,562 6.3 3.7 5.9 3.1

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach

3,037,803 3,146,223 3,014,009 3,124,783 184,531 93,353 178,603 87,448 6.1 3.0 5.9 2.8

Naples-Immokalee-Marco Island

180,335 187,369 181,185 187,687 7,529 4,794 7,413 4,157 4.2 2.6 4.1 2.2

North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton

367,005 389,396 368,588 388,958 16,955 10,735 16,428 9,290 4.6 2.8 4.5 2.4

Ocala

141,808 142,263 141,259 142,460 8,221 5,119 7,776 4,446 5.8 3.6 5.5 3.1

Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford

1,285,900 1,368,342 1,291,061 1,372,954 80,176 46,081 75,153 39,473 6.2 3.4 5.8 2.9

Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville

285,958 291,832 286,205 293,170 14,534 8,490 12,992 7,316 5.1 2.9 4.5 2.5

Panama City

89,329 91,139 90,476 92,094 4,404 2,634 3,997 2,185 4.9 2.9 4.4 2.4

Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent

227,145 232,176 227,709 234,847 11,362 6,946 10,496 6,017 5.0 3.0 4.6 2.6

Port St. Lucie

221,396 226,633 222,378 227,502 11,518 7,330 11,009 6,356 5.2 3.2 5.0 2.8

Punta Gorda

72,742 75,495 72,912 75,444 3,617 2,460 3,603 2,138 5.0 3.3 4.9 2.8

Sebastian-Vero Beach

64,790 66,333 64,910 66,430 3,487 2,277 3,379 1,963 5.4 3.4 5.2 3.0

Sebring

35,014 34,627 35,108 34,577 2,311 1,510 2,222 1,332 6.6 4.4 6.3 3.9

Tallahassee

192,534 198,686 192,361 198,408 9,910 6,065 8,922 5,209 5.1 3.1 4.6 2.6

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater

1,549,681 1,607,234 1,553,999 1,612,984 78,741 47,387 74,788 40,771 5.1 2.9 4.8 2.5

The Villages

34,041 35,511 34,305 35,542 2,060 1,484 2,112 1,292 6.1 4.2 6.2 3.6

Georgia

5,178,850 5,295,529 5,186,684 5,306,586 241,536 173,819 225,608 175,518 4.7 3.3 4.3 3.3

Albany

67,237 66,350 67,077 66,341 4,176 2,819 3,938 2,819 6.2 4.2 5.9 4.2

Athens-Clarke County

99,729 103,681 99,942 103,546 3,857 3,004 3,542 3,044 3.9 2.9 3.5 2.9

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell

3,116,314 3,221,619 3,118,142 3,227,869 147,158 103,704 136,571 104,576 4.7 3.2 4.4 3.2

Augusta-Richmond County

268,500 267,452 268,617 268,427 12,206 10,210 11,513 9,620 4.5 3.8 4.3 3.6

Brunswick

51,944 52,830 52,721 53,032 2,337 1,722 2,175 1,743 4.5 3.3 4.1 3.3

Columbus

123,484 123,497 123,084 123,687 6,404 4,812 6,000 4,734 5.2 3.9 4.9 3.8

Dalton

59,160 59,981 59,082 59,633 2,747 2,132 2,562 2,132 4.6 3.6 4.3 3.6

Gainesville

104,733 106,711 105,116 107,014 3,301 2,569 3,004 2,659 3.2 2.4 2.9 2.5

Hinesville

35,152 35,072 35,301 35,160 1,524 1,156 1,457 1,198 4.3 3.3 4.1 3.4

Macon-Bibb County

103,351 104,273 103,346 104,435 5,559 3,788 5,161 3,849 5.4 3.6 5.0 3.7

Rome

44,381 44,383 44,272 44,055 1,932 1,399 1,771 1,413 4.4 3.2 4.0 3.2

Savannah

194,310 202,358 196,002 203,154 9,341 6,524 8,649 6,556 4.8 3.2 4.4 3.2

Valdosta

65,258 64,343 65,128 64,470 3,040 2,147 2,823 2,158 4.7 3.3 4.3 3.3

Warner Robins

88,047 88,387 88,684 88,485 3,778 2,779 3,754 2,848 4.3 3.1 4.2 3.2

Hawaii

657,610 672,090 659,436 669,338 43,006 25,511 38,749 23,191 6.5 3.8 5.9 3.5

Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina

83,603 87,395 84,654 87,330 7,526 4,099 6,760 3,751 9.0 4.7 8.0 4.3

Urban Honolulu

448,031 454,682 447,459 452,041 26,460 16,137 23,796 14,632 5.9 3.5 5.3 3.2

Idaho

908,794 934,493 908,745 944,853 44,104 30,467 40,922 29,280 4.9 3.3 4.5 3.1

Boise City

393,683 406,748 393,552 408,802 18,136 12,034 16,608 11,444 4.6 3.0 4.2 2.8

Coeur d'Alene

81,566 85,066 81,557 85,538 5,066 3,435 4,627 3,236 6.2 4.0 5.7 3.8

Idaho Falls

76,047 79,196 75,543 79,566 3,061 2,288 2,764 2,190 4.0 2.9 3.7 2.8

Lewiston

31,400 32,314 31,559 32,420 1,393 1,088 1,347 1,053 4.4 3.4 4.3 3.2

Pocatello

42,772 44,732 42,731 44,775 2,024 1,422 1,886 1,363 4.7 3.2 4.4 3.0

Twin Falls

54,345 56,075 54,253 56,522 2,553 1,799 2,354 1,745 4.7 3.2 4.3 3.1

Illinois

6,249,679 6,432,523 6,257,339 6,458,110 456,786 321,905 419,661 302,487 7.3 5.0 6.7 4.7

Bloomington

91,569 95,082 91,272 95,470 5,153 3,670 4,721 3,544 5.6 3.9 5.2 3.7

Carbondale-Marion

58,864 59,173 58,999 59,475 3,860 2,746 3,709 2,701 6.6 4.6 6.3 4.5

Champaign-Urbana

124,366 124,728 124,031 125,264 7,045 4,991 6,528 4,785 5.7 4.0 5.3 3.8

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin

4,733,511 4,926,106 4,747,348 4,938,672 349,432 241,366 323,374 223,863 7.4 4.9 6.8 4.5

Danville

31,911 31,530 31,958 31,726 2,468 1,882 2,345 1,787 7.7 6.0 7.3 5.6

Davenport-Moline-Rock Island(1)

183,768 187,470 184,940 187,297 12,464 8,652 11,676 8,134 6.8 4.6 6.3 4.3

Decatur

46,416 46,579 46,369 46,760 4,243 3,283 4,129 3,180 9.1 7.0 8.9 6.8

Kankakee

53,076 52,370 53,206 52,587 4,308 3,388 4,076 3,171 8.1 6.5 7.7 6.0

Peoria

169,497 168,265 168,708 169,194 12,734 9,491 11,856 8,996 7.5 5.6 7.0 5.3

Rockford

160,295 160,258 157,323 160,708 16,697 12,598 13,105 13,700 10.4 7.9 8.3 8.5

Springfield

103,400 105,220 103,804 105,347 6,961 5,086 6,650 4,762 6.7 4.8 6.4 4.5

Indiana

3,301,704 3,348,010 3,319,913 3,363,596 155,609 89,696 152,000 91,475 4.7 2.7 4.6 2.7

Bloomington

76,296 81,699 77,869 81,987 3,231 1,926 3,107 1,989 4.2 2.4 4.0 2.4

Columbus

42,862 43,247 43,137 43,412 1,690 932 1,644 974 3.9 2.2 3.8 2.2

Elkhart-Goshen

114,319 119,475 115,356 121,165 3,898 2,066 3,829 2,168 3.4 1.7 3.3 1.8

Evansville

156,124 157,936 157,116 158,866 6,789 4,147 6,710 4,332 4.3 2.6 4.3 2.7

Fort Wayne

214,605 217,860 215,206 219,136 9,726 5,303 9,755 5,521 4.5 2.4 4.5 2.5

Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson

1,069,437 1,090,693 1,078,048 1,101,843 48,540 26,827 48,327 27,758 4.5 2.5 4.5 2.5

Kokomo

36,011 33,678 35,184 33,556 3,002 1,429 2,056 1,503 8.3 4.2 5.8 4.5

Lafayette-West Lafayette

106,951 110,440 106,877 110,458 4,531 2,613 4,367 2,743 4.2 2.4 4.1 2.5

Michigan City-La Porte

45,943 46,398 46,110 46,399 3,208 1,750 3,082 1,792 7.0 3.8 6.7 3.9

Muncie

52,277 52,690 52,461 52,525 2,681 1,569 2,553 1,615 5.1 3.0 4.9 3.1

South Bend-Mishawaka

154,546 154,280 155,131 155,688 8,792 4,822 8,612 4,773 5.7 3.1 5.6 3.1

Terre Haute

71,117 72,266 71,714 72,508 3,854 2,353 3,742 2,380 5.4 3.3 5.2 3.3

Iowa

1,669,326 1,709,911 1,669,835 1,700,614 84,543 60,995 79,770 55,869 5.1 3.6 4.8 3.3

Ames

57,420 59,893 57,771 59,782 1,806 1,237 1,806 1,256 3.1 2.1 3.1 2.1

Cedar Rapids

141,055 143,248 141,948 141,531 8,148 5,729 7,994 5,152 5.8 4.0 5.6 3.6

Des Moines-West Des Moines

357,091 370,075 358,266 366,527 18,112 12,596 16,813 11,530 5.1 3.4 4.7 3.1

Dubuque

54,921 55,493 54,784 55,073 3,022 2,173 2,842 1,953 5.5 3.9 5.2 3.5

Iowa City

94,552 98,491 95,060 98,141 3,958 2,667 3,895 2,526 4.2 2.7 4.1 2.6

Sioux City

91,598 93,124 91,550 93,082 4,068 2,852 3,966 2,672 4.4 3.1 4.3 2.9

Waterloo-Cedar Falls

87,077 89,202 87,320 88,793 4,328 3,085 4,183 2,894 5.0 3.5 4.8 3.3

Kansas

1,491,577 1,501,749 1,487,544 1,505,842 56,733 39,093 52,025 43,633 3.8 2.6 3.5 2.9

Lawrence

64,348 67,313 64,237 67,288 2,395 1,595 2,188 1,840 3.7 2.4 3.4 2.7

Manhattan

45,966 47,372 46,097 47,263 1,403 1,031 1,310 1,207 3.1 2.2 2.8 2.6

Topeka

121,032 119,932 120,876 121,375 4,472 3,302 3,849 3,707 3.7 2.8 3.2 3.1

Wichita

318,292 320,161 317,722 323,445 16,728 10,445 15,273 11,725 5.3 3.3 4.8 3.6

Kentucky

2,006,677 2,048,211 2,025,059 2,071,223 103,897 82,821 103,623 87,187 5.2 4.0 5.1 4.2

Bowling Green

82,335 84,115 82,740 85,141 4,439 3,016 3,827 3,146 5.4 3.6 4.6 3.7

Elizabethtown-Fort Knox

64,074 64,440 64,439 65,193 3,210 2,734 3,268 2,808 5.0 4.2 5.1 4.3

Lexington-Fayette

265,096 272,050 267,496 274,975 11,706 8,411 11,926 8,555 4.4 3.1 4.5 3.1

Louisville/Jefferson County

656,608 671,083 662,972 679,988 30,898 23,628 31,260 28,872 4.7 3.5 4.7 4.2

Owensboro

53,411 54,472 53,940 55,126 2,625 2,013 2,625 1,980 4.9 3.7 4.9 3.6

Louisiana

2,030,031 2,078,942 2,047,172 2,097,026 118,191 80,060 113,912 80,667 5.8 3.9 5.6 3.8

Alexandria

62,785 64,798 63,111 65,125 2,721 1,800 2,596 1,833 4.3 2.8 4.1 2.8

Baton Rouge

408,811 420,857 412,417 424,062 21,061 14,173 20,231 14,308 5.2 3.4 4.9 3.4

Hammond

55,715 56,380 55,956 56,465 3,698 2,631 3,530 2,629 6.6 4.7 6.3 4.7

Houma-Thibodaux

86,105 84,652 86,772 85,508 4,591 3,159 4,384 3,165 5.3 3.7 5.1 3.7

Lafayette

208,217 212,583 210,610 215,304 11,640 7,284 11,274 7,417 5.6 3.4 5.4 3.4

Lake Charles

95,426 101,574 96,537 103,214 6,129 3,782 5,918 3,791 6.4 3.7 6.1 3.7

Monroe

77,277 78,669 78,118 78,686 4,235 2,743 4,117 2,799 5.5 3.5 5.3 3.6

New Orleans-Metairie

576,366 590,224 579,848 594,780 37,615 26,370 36,227 26,405 6.5 4.5 6.2 4.4

Shreveport-Bossier City

179,634 185,374 181,391 187,083 10,264 7,008 9,922 7,093 5.7 3.8 5.5 3.8

Maine

675,348 675,761 677,577 675,623 37,077 28,274 36,601 27,455 5.5 4.2 5.4 4.1

Bangor

68,670 70,628 69,094 70,721 3,366 2,610 3,391 2,625 4.9 3.7 4.9 3.7

Lewiston-Auburn

54,727 54,693 55,074 54,865 2,846 2,176 2,878 2,142 5.2 4.0 5.2 3.9

Portland-South Portland

202,538 203,134 203,019 203,427 9,837 6,803 9,635 6,864 4.9 3.3 4.7 3.4

Maryland

3,130,267 3,174,362 3,149,626 3,208,139 190,341 140,327 188,437 139,303 6.1 4.4 6.0 4.3

Baltimore-Columbia-Towson

1,461,474 1,489,009 1,469,368 1,507,278 84,879 63,549 83,618 62,569 5.8 4.3 5.7 4.2

California-Lexington Park

57,299 57,270 57,501 57,765 2,541 2,128 2,432 2,156 4.4 3.7 4.2 3.7

Cumberland

42,165 42,680 42,389 42,739 2,969 2,222 2,775 2,131 7.0 5.2 6.5 5.0

Hagerstown-Martinsburg

131,164 132,403 131,013 132,653 6,884 4,901 6,506 4,718 5.2 3.7 5.0 3.6

Massachusetts

3,723,612 3,759,275 3,727,618 3,782,686 269,767 160,202 249,178 142,458 7.2 4.3 6.7 3.8

Barnstable Town

117,623 118,345 118,870 119,254 11,388 7,485 10,290 6,423 9.7 6.3 8.7 5.4

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua

2,767,653 2,799,468 2,769,507 2,820,519 182,889 103,337 168,936 93,185 6.6 3.7 6.1 3.3

Leominster-Gardner

79,219 79,286 79,223 79,608 6,667 4,117 6,128 3,642 8.4 5.2 7.7 4.6

New Bedford

84,315 84,696 84,183 84,609 8,074 5,823 7,495 5,004 9.6 6.9 8.9 5.9

Pittsfield

41,042 40,657 40,923 40,550 3,760 2,345 3,561 2,077 9.2 5.8 8.7 5.1

Springfield

370,161 376,653 370,296 378,372 29,634 18,786 27,539 16,524 8.0 5.0 7.4 4.4

Worcester

354,927 357,874 354,713 358,914 25,709 15,787 23,840 13,915 7.2 4.4 6.7 3.9

Michigan

4,725,011 4,817,944 4,742,773 4,853,977 319,807 254,737 314,738 217,487 6.8 5.3 6.6 4.5

Ann Arbor

189,865 196,080 189,714 199,175 9,032 7,277 9,106 6,142 4.8 3.7 4.8 3.1

Battle Creek

59,724 59,379 59,690 60,000 4,400 3,350 4,279 2,848 7.4 5.6 7.2 4.7

Bay City

47,629 48,354 47,627 48,912 3,587 2,984 3,422 2,506 7.5 6.2 7.2 5.1

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn

2,072,607 2,149,221 2,091,920 2,148,198 145,411 116,177 144,840 99,508 7.0 5.4 6.9 4.6

Flint

175,172 174,735 174,379 176,296 14,618 11,968 13,937 10,165 8.3 6.8 8.0 5.8

Grand Rapids-Wyoming

562,740 565,241 561,891 573,479 30,278 21,258 29,728 18,711 5.4 3.8 5.3 3.3

Jackson

72,163 72,384 72,195 73,480 4,971 3,819 4,672 3,144 6.9 5.3 6.5 4.3

Kalamazoo-Portage

162,455 163,796 162,624 166,526 9,892 7,388 9,710 6,474 6.1 4.5 6.0 3.9

Lansing-East Lansing

236,541 236,460 236,925 241,115 13,054 10,366 13,249 9,090 5.5 4.4 5.6 3.8

Midland

38,072 38,191 38,039 38,601 2,294 1,844 2,241 1,616 6.0 4.8 5.9 4.2

Monroe

72,016 73,791 71,777 74,147 4,812 4,626 4,475 3,350 6.7 6.3 6.2 4.5

Muskegon

74,820 75,774 74,620 76,643 6,418 4,830 6,235 4,053 8.6 6.4 8.4 5.3

Niles-Benton Harbor

69,241 69,985 69,423 71,295 4,813 3,656 4,635 3,124 7.0 5.2 6.7 4.4

Saginaw

81,409 81,333 81,306 82,130 6,536 5,487 6,282 4,663 8.0 6.7 7.7 5.7

Minnesota

3,003,994 3,083,087 3,000,619 3,082,725 137,228 81,175 132,263 84,846 4.6 2.6 4.4 2.8

Duluth

137,782 142,304 137,720 142,266 7,419 4,887 6,888 4,975 5.4 3.4 5.0 3.5

Mankato-North Mankato

60,146 61,624 59,705 61,478 2,334 1,317 2,244 1,364 3.9 2.1 3.8 2.2

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington

1,966,023 2,019,261 1,967,233 2,024,517 85,482 48,511 83,029 51,411 4.3 2.4 4.2 2.5

Rochester

123,772 128,358 123,514 128,366 5,121 2,970 4,760 3,069 4.1 2.3 3.9 2.4

St. Cloud

110,069 113,368 109,699 112,770 5,655 3,371 5,384 3,431 5.1 3.0 4.9 3.0

Mississippi

1,251,704 1,265,710 1,252,474 1,264,662 82,640 56,211 80,113 44,343 6.6 4.4 6.4 3.5

Gulfport-Biloxi-Pascagoula

163,941 167,674 164,317 167,339 11,370 7,667 10,724 6,031 6.9 4.6 6.5 3.6

Hattiesburg

68,621 69,705 68,535 69,631 4,087 2,799 3,888 2,177 6.0 4.0 5.7 3.1

Jackson

259,810 260,072 260,080 258,600 15,687 10,583 15,051 8,334 6.0 4.1 5.8 3.2

Missouri

3,044,490 3,081,161 3,045,280 3,080,060 165,596 114,104 154,191 109,399 5.4 3.7 5.1 3.6

Cape Girardeau

47,525 48,220 47,716 47,921 2,229 1,444 2,133 1,536 4.7 3.0 4.5 3.2

Columbia

98,285 100,773 98,720 100,886 3,546 2,352 3,328 2,566 3.6 2.3 3.4 2.5

Jefferson City

74,025 74,201 73,737 73,850 3,145 1,993 2,764 2,077 4.2 2.7 3.7 2.8

Joplin

82,332 84,986 83,993 85,262 3,799 2,457 3,696 2,691 4.6 2.9 4.4 3.2

Kansas City

1,133,466 1,153,110 1,133,257 1,148,190 56,380 42,606 52,042 38,981 5.0 3.7 4.6 3.4

St. Joseph

61,469 62,165 61,035 62,157 2,828 1,911 2,599 1,984 4.6 3.1 4.3 3.2

St. Louis(2)

1,452,007 1,462,490 1,447,482 1,466,567 80,819 54,376 76,590 54,031 5.6 3.7 5.3 3.7

Springfield

237,374 243,408 237,430 242,356 10,057 6,501 9,752 6,899 4.2 2.7 4.1 2.8

Montana

541,608 558,586 544,265 562,851 25,009 16,940 23,608 15,919 4.6 3.0 4.3 2.8

Billings

88,918 92,387 89,216 92,316 3,873 2,456 3,572 2,286 4.4 2.7 4.0 2.5

Great Falls

37,730 38,337 37,788 38,516 1,717 1,083 1,593 1,060 4.6 2.8 4.2 2.8

Missoula

64,293 66,668 64,356 66,621 2,935 2,059 2,777 1,890 4.6 3.1 4.3 2.8

Nebraska

1,042,290 1,056,440 1,042,362 1,063,139 34,616 24,528 31,163 24,208 3.3 2.3 3.0 2.3

Grand Island

44,771 45,269 44,836 45,197 1,656 1,104 1,449 1,072 3.7 2.4 3.2 2.4

Lincoln

187,020 188,779 187,180 191,011 6,401 3,912 5,826 4,015 3.4 2.1 3.1 2.1

Omaha-Council Bluffs

495,644 502,968 494,345 506,568 19,059 13,427 17,129 13,065 3.8 2.7 3.5 2.6

Nevada

1,522,732 1,507,280 1,516,751 1,503,227 144,122 70,565 136,196 66,387 9.5 4.7 9.0 4.4

Carson City

26,780 25,307 26,422 25,042 1,718 800 1,611 750 6.4 3.2 6.1 3.0

Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise

1,104,251 1,107,254 1,099,258 1,103,810 119,855 58,837 113,650 55,620 10.9 5.3 10.3 5.0

Reno

262,415 252,337 261,242 252,103 15,233 7,073 14,360 6,502 5.8 2.8 5.5 2.6

New Hampshire

756,139 761,760 755,354 763,446 34,948 18,743 32,912 18,308 4.6 2.5 4.4 2.4

Dover-Durham

84,665 84,829 84,747 85,250 3,890 1,882 3,684 1,873 4.6 2.2 4.3 2.2

Manchester

120,428 120,073 120,105 120,758 5,467 2,772 5,151 2,753 4.5 2.3 4.3 2.3

Portsmouth

75,239 76,340 75,160 76,328 3,409 1,794 3,250 1,805 4.5 2.4 4.3 2.4

New Jersey

4,657,496 4,610,851 4,661,726 4,639,318 361,559 207,310 340,098 190,122 7.8 4.5 7.3 4.1

Atlantic City-Hammonton

119,747 124,160 120,563 124,569 14,415 8,391 13,360 7,395 12.0 6.8 11.1 5.9

Ocean City

41,395 41,308 41,732 41,309 5,915 4,285 5,561 3,721 14.3 10.4 13.3 9.0

Trenton

213,252 209,150 213,183 211,603 13,426 7,380 12,621 6,833 6.3 3.5 5.9 3.2

Vineland-Bridgeton

69,331 67,278 69,175 67,070 6,456 4,273 6,036 3,784 9.3 6.4 8.7 5.6

New Mexico

937,649 949,471 931,884 943,911 68,322 46,338 64,210 43,099 7.3 4.9 6.9 4.6

Albuquerque

437,219 443,458 433,469 441,063 29,449 19,605 27,484 18,177 6.7 4.4 6.3 4.1

Farmington

48,714 49,722 48,715 49,625 4,409 2,896 4,077 2,682 9.1 5.8 8.4 5.4

Las Cruces

97,443 99,252 96,662 98,440 6,801 5,023 6,604 4,759 7.0 5.1 6.8 4.8

Santa Fe

70,660 74,167 71,147 72,975 4,903 3,180 4,534 2,925 6.9 4.3 6.4 4.0

New York

9,340,538 9,400,085 9,552,051 9,442,439 861,392 477,134 789,070 446,066 9.2 5.1 8.3 4.7

Albany-Schenectady-Troy

447,152 447,707 448,054 451,727 26,570 15,995 24,398 15,107 5.9 3.6 5.4 3.3

Binghamton

103,826 104,078 104,114 105,232 7,303 4,671 6,626 4,401 7.0 4.5 6.4 4.2

Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls

531,911 533,059 534,034 538,309 40,175 24,678 36,716 23,201 7.6 4.6 6.9 4.3

Elmira

34,701 34,437 34,776 34,614 2,480 1,524 2,271 1,447 7.1 4.4 6.5 4.2

Glens Falls

57,298 57,973 57,181 58,325 3,983 2,555 3,702 2,412 7.0 4.4 6.5 4.1

Ithaca

50,519 49,123 50,845 49,676 2,435 1,451 2,148 1,364 4.8 3.0 4.2 2.7

Kingston

85,019 86,774 85,699 87,890 5,493 3,355 5,028 3,109 6.5 3.9 5.9 3.5

New York-Newark-Jersey City

9,914,982 9,930,730 10,127,880 9,974,528 931,007 506,596 861,026 470,798 9.4 5.1 8.5 4.7

Rochester

517,668 519,787 517,182 524,413 34,754 21,139 31,746 20,102 6.7 4.1 6.1 3.8

Syracuse

304,459 303,553 304,496 304,491 20,723 12,715 18,824 11,969 6.8 4.2 6.2 3.9

Utica-Rome

128,129 127,648 127,888 128,372 9,347 5,686 8,450 5,355 7.3 4.5 6.6 4.2

Watertown-Fort Drum

42,831 43,425 43,087 43,687 3,189 2,209 2,872 2,077 7.4 5.1 6.7 4.8

North Carolina

4,906,409 5,032,835 4,927,647 5,085,521 282,517 185,637 259,442 182,334 5.8 3.7 5.3 3.6

Asheville

223,914 232,056 225,262 235,387 11,731 7,077 10,696 6,830 5.2 3.0 4.7 2.9

Burlington

80,146 82,299 80,832 82,783 4,634 2,939 4,191 2,860 5.8 3.6 5.2 3.5

Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia

1,345,913 1,385,797 1,350,458 1,400,689 74,215 50,842 68,395 48,881 5.5 3.7 5.1 3.5

Durham-Chapel Hill

304,580 315,821 306,459 318,893 14,343 9,177 13,077 8,951 4.7 2.9 4.3 2.8

Fayetteville

145,238 147,735 145,366 149,429 11,417 8,014 10,608 8,082 7.9 5.4 7.3 5.4

Goldsboro

50,147 50,693 50,205 51,201 2,942 1,987 2,721 1,958 5.9 3.9 5.4 3.8

Greensboro-High Point

355,550 362,906 356,696 364,911 22,944 14,893 21,014 14,610 6.5 4.1 5.9 4.0

Greenville

86,486 89,023 87,410 89,723 5,054 3,430 4,669 3,388 5.8 3.9 5.3 3.8

Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton

167,399 171,679 167,837 172,388 9,366 5,796 8,634 5,684 5.6 3.4 5.1 3.3

Jacksonville

64,725 66,111 64,832 66,733 3,913 2,618 3,601 2,556 6.0 4.0 5.6 3.8

New Bern

49,715 50,310 49,770 50,745 2,786 1,754 2,536 1,723 5.6 3.5 5.1 3.4

Raleigh

713,972 746,898 717,972 755,918 34,831 22,627 31,924 22,241 4.9 3.0 4.4 2.9

Rocky Mount

61,910 61,452 61,795 62,280 4,926 3,807 4,531 3,790 8.0 6.2 7.3 6.1

Wilmington

148,523 154,953 149,686 156,023 7,674 5,027 6,974 4,902 5.2 3.2 4.7 3.1

Winston-Salem

319,950 324,300 320,734 327,931 17,731 11,381 16,350 11,110 5.5 3.5 5.1 3.4

North Dakota

402,452 407,300 403,208 406,134 20,941 12,661 19,720 13,306 5.2 3.1 4.9 3.3

Bismarck

70,436 71,670 70,221 71,135 3,451 2,153 3,131 2,186 4.9 3.0 4.5 3.1

Fargo

142,636 146,119 142,157 144,212 5,940 3,540 5,436 3,848 4.2 2.4 3.8 2.7

Grand Forks

53,024 54,444 52,364 53,876 2,394 1,473 2,263 1,555 4.5 2.7 4.3 2.9

Ohio

5,690,029 5,755,468 5,696,967 5,779,369 369,552 273,629 339,941 253,970 6.5 4.8 6.0 4.4

Akron

349,655 350,309 350,648 350,778 23,221 16,515 22,999 14,437 6.6 4.7 6.6 4.1

Canton-Massillon

194,399 196,371 195,605 196,371 13,079 9,339 12,697 8,146 6.7 4.8 6.5 4.1

Cincinnati

1,111,163 1,126,626 1,114,000 1,134,031 60,391 42,591 54,143 39,119 5.4 3.8 4.9 3.4

Cleveland-Elyria

993,848 1,006,806 990,248 1,008,155 73,967 64,370 64,831 67,616 7.4 6.4 6.5 6.7

Columbus

1,112,317 1,126,974 1,115,098 1,133,002 66,122 41,545 66,384 37,562 5.9 3.7 6.0 3.3

Dayton

383,688 390,695 384,415 392,184 24,604 16,529 23,376 14,985 6.4 4.2 6.1 3.8

Lima

47,962 47,627 47,977 47,259 3,613 2,880 3,139 1,963 7.5 6.0 6.5 4.2

Mansfield

51,567 51,929 50,991 51,750 3,516 2,684 3,080 2,348 6.8 5.2 6.0 4.5

Springfield

62,041 62,771 62,482 63,210 3,880 2,733 3,777 2,709 6.3 4.4 6.0 4.3

Toledo

295,555 300,619 296,444 301,722 20,256 14,175 19,351 12,358 6.9 4.7 6.5 4.1

Weirton-Steubenville(1)

49,800 50,443 49,709 50,124 3,913 2,933 3,568 2,607 7.9 5.8 7.2 5.2

Youngstown-Warren-Boardman

228,725 229,370 229,957 230,717 19,198 13,635 17,855 11,997 8.4 5.9 7.8 5.2

Oklahoma

1,852,029 1,862,952 1,850,247 1,883,039 94,595 58,759 80,419 55,091 5.1 3.2 4.3 2.9

Enid

27,093 26,420 26,966 26,736 1,344 792 1,053 736 5.0 3.0 3.9 2.8

Lawton

50,575 49,803 50,445 50,227 2,539 1,776 2,184 1,690 5.0 3.6 4.3 3.4

Oklahoma City

693,698 706,342 696,069 713,682 33,836 20,446 29,950 19,193 4.9 2.9 4.3 2.7

Tulsa

479,991 482,662 481,475 490,081 25,952 15,762 21,432 14,881 5.4 3.3 4.5 3.0

Oregon

2,125,838 2,184,960 2,144,981 2,203,720 143,174 85,488 139,822 87,787 6.7 3.9 6.5 4.0

Albany

60,400 61,778 60,767 62,182 4,196 2,687 4,138 2,752 6.9 4.3 6.8 4.4

Bend-Redmond

100,765 104,967 101,851 105,645 7,513 4,221 7,029 4,254 7.5 4.0 6.9 4.0

Corvallis

47,198 49,563 47,599 50,062 2,386 1,378 2,320 1,487 5.1 2.8 4.9 3.0

Eugene

181,361 185,109 182,447 187,605 12,526 7,565 12,266 7,836 6.9 4.1 6.7 4.2

Grants Pass

36,801 37,374 37,177 37,694 2,783 1,921 2,802 1,976 7.6 5.1 7.5 5.2

Medford

106,653 108,084 107,686 108,753 7,376 4,568 7,316 4,719 6.9 4.2 6.8 4.3

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro

1,330,083 1,382,785 1,339,834 1,392,585 87,028 53,530 84,186 54,742 6.5 3.9 6.3 3.9

Salem

206,049 209,752 208,316 212,683 13,307 8,093 12,845 8,386 6.5 3.9 6.2 3.9

Pennsylvania

6,421,847 6,352,104 6,394,362 6,403,341 485,503 316,045 450,900 292,496 7.6 5.0 7.1 4.6

Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton

448,807 447,979 447,261 452,103 33,515 21,688 31,355 20,195 7.5 4.8 7.0 4.5

Altoona

59,094 58,601 58,885 59,027 4,196 2,862 3,791 2,599 7.1 4.9 6.4 4.4

Bloomsburg-Berwick

42,464 42,312 42,324 42,668 2,814 1,875 2,564 1,780 6.6 4.4 6.1 4.2

Chambersburg-Waynesboro

77,736 76,240 76,988 76,333 4,730 2,935 4,408 2,700 6.1 3.8 5.7 3.5

East Stroudsburg

82,418 82,104 81,925 82,728 7,239 5,382 6,858 5,047 8.8 6.6 8.4 6.1

Erie

127,714 126,007 126,984 126,887 11,538 7,600 10,882 7,080 9.0 6.0 8.6 5.6

Gettysburg

54,600 54,489 54,514 54,711 2,918 1,744 2,569 1,634 5.3 3.2 4.7 3.0

Harrisburg-Carlisle

302,499 303,895 300,719 306,913 19,131 11,834 17,844 11,060 6.3 3.9 5.9 3.6

Johnstown

56,151 55,163 55,809 55,539 4,542 3,234 4,233 2,999 8.1 5.9 7.6 5.4

Lancaster

284,224 280,850 282,029 282,500 16,436 10,341 14,944 9,599 5.8 3.7 5.3 3.4

Lebanon

72,915 72,151 72,268 72,639 4,701 2,889 4,367 2,703 6.4 4.0 6.0 3.7

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington

3,158,275 3,151,343 3,156,084 3,171,105 235,063 148,783 220,709 138,688 7.4 4.7 7.0 4.4

Pittsburgh

1,181,135 1,156,804 1,177,174 1,171,516 90,957 59,497 83,854 54,543 7.7 5.1 7.1 4.7

Reading

213,184 207,688 211,351 208,986 16,507 10,575 15,389 9,788 7.7 5.1 7.3 4.7

Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton

274,190 272,515 273,602 273,313 25,131 16,732 23,688 15,571 9.2 6.1 8.7 5.7

State College

75,885 77,060 76,222 77,717 3,979 2,635 3,540 2,596 5.2 3.4 4.6 3.3

Williamsport

56,315 54,625 56,060 54,891 4,492 3,050 4,207 2,791 8.0 5.6 7.5 5.1

York-Hanover

235,903 234,208 234,642 235,973 15,035 9,210 13,840 8,590 6.4 3.9 5.9 3.6

Rhode Island

567,330 571,914 565,056 569,843 39,893 25,486 34,656 16,833 7.0 4.5 6.1 3.0

Providence-Warwick

701,353 707,363 699,267 705,464 50,868 33,063 44,861 23,648 7.3 4.7 6.4 3.4

South Carolina

2,351,686 2,390,412 2,357,430 2,397,684 113,005 98,232 103,402 79,433 4.8 4.1 4.4 3.3

Charleston-North Charleston

390,609 403,721 390,764 405,374 17,373 14,567 15,780 11,687 4.4 3.6 4.0 2.9

Columbia

401,155 401,814 401,280 399,403 17,748 15,279 16,234 12,419 4.4 3.8 4.0 3.1

Florence

95,661 95,340 95,771 95,446 4,736 4,048 4,356 3,280 5.0 4.2 4.5 3.4

Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin

432,302 443,512 432,406 443,977 18,342 16,040 16,877 12,724 4.2 3.6 3.9 2.9

Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort

87,501 89,763 88,181 90,203 3,830 3,515 3,373 2,726 4.4 3.9 3.8 3.0

Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach

194,032 202,735 197,713 205,694 13,310 10,929 11,928 9,089 6.9 5.4 6.0 4.4

Spartanburg

167,718 169,807 168,348 170,110 7,997 6,790 7,558 5,507 4.8 4.0 4.5 3.2

Sumter

43,061 42,442 43,156 42,447 2,357 1,971 2,143 1,619 5.5 4.6 5.0 3.8

South Dakota

460,749 469,672 462,717 473,417 17,438 13,782 16,430 11,955 3.8 2.9 3.6 2.5

Rapid City

73,885 76,437 74,398 76,622 2,925 2,183 2,757 1,896 4.0 2.9 3.7 2.5

Sioux Falls

156,498 158,940 156,843 161,058 5,511 4,242 5,165 3,673 3.5 2.7 3.3 2.3

Tennessee

3,301,994 3,388,635 3,304,743 3,393,916 170,900 112,430 163,521 102,471 5.2 3.3 4.9 3.0

Chattanooga

274,447 278,624 274,910 278,198 11,757 9,216 11,452 7,975 4.3 3.3 4.2 2.9

Clarksville

117,715 120,918 118,139 121,299 6,431 4,525 6,430 4,368 5.5 3.7 5.4 3.6

Cleveland

58,730 58,325 58,287 58,201 2,804 2,075 2,780 1,767 4.8 3.6 4.8 3.0

Jackson

64,848 64,826 64,833 65,081 3,277 2,042 3,134 1,918 5.1 3.1 4.8 2.9

Johnson City

92,681 94,070 92,663 94,299 4,224 2,788 4,104 2,654 4.6 3.0 4.4 2.8

Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol

132,850 135,185 133,666 136,060 6,558 4,215 6,506 4,025 4.9 3.1 4.9 3.0

Knoxville

430,942 445,652 430,889 446,627 18,329 12,240 17,766 11,473 4.3 2.7 4.1 2.6

Memphis

639,368 649,008 638,077 649,229 46,501 30,633 43,920 27,060 7.3 4.7 6.9 4.2

Morristown

52,943 53,839 52,625 53,781 2,586 1,903 2,414 1,678 4.9 3.5 4.6 3.1

Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin

1,079,817 1,133,303 1,082,021 1,135,217 47,664 30,073 45,957 27,811 4.4 2.7 4.2 2.4

Texas

14,143,980 14,539,759 14,143,869 14,536,934 967,719 685,161 915,304 562,969 6.8 4.7 6.5 3.9

Abilene

79,038 80,152 78,917 80,044 4,237 3,079 4,107 2,513 5.4 3.8 5.2 3.1

Amarillo

134,184 136,034 134,134 136,476 6,231 4,580 5,869 3,678 4.6 3.4 4.4 2.7

Austin-Round Rock

1,276,809 1,350,560 1,279,555 1,355,186 64,813 44,947 61,597 36,641 5.1 3.3 4.8 2.7

Beaumont-Port Arthur

168,294 168,090 167,875 166,840 18,664 13,446 16,916 11,079 11.1 8.0 10.1 6.6

Brownsville-Harlingen

176,128 177,711 175,211 177,844 17,113 12,997 15,617 10,845 9.7 7.3 8.9 6.1

College Station-Bryan

137,440 142,032 137,704 142,445 6,898 5,007 6,428 4,070 5.0 3.5 4.7 2.9

Corpus Christi

203,137 204,562 204,036 204,497 17,226 12,925 16,139 10,906 8.5 6.3 7.9 5.3

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington

4,055,702 4,221,099 4,053,529 4,225,949 250,362 172,146 238,797 141,596 6.2 4.1 5.9 3.4

El Paso

368,487 368,696 366,002 366,840 27,742 19,391 25,880 15,921 7.5 5.3 7.1 4.3

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land

3,411,453 3,485,178 3,407,239 3,470,740 259,342 184,436 246,426 151,604 7.6 5.3 7.2 4.4

Killeen-Temple

180,758 184,294 180,432 183,600 12,099 9,112 11,483 7,465 6.7 4.9 6.4 4.1

Laredo

115,954 118,697 115,313 118,262 8,970 6,290 8,304 5,134 7.7 5.3 7.2 4.3

Longview

95,829 97,185 95,765 96,624 7,258 5,139 6,809 4,222 7.6 5.3 7.1 4.4

Lubbock

166,063 169,384 166,332 169,642 8,799 6,271 8,606 5,095 5.3 3.7 5.2 3.0

McAllen-Edinburg-Mission

367,435 373,560 366,067 372,686 40,047 31,364 36,928 25,989 10.9 8.4 10.1 7.0

Midland

100,206 104,169 100,543 104,383 7,298 4,493 6,695 3,650 7.3 4.3 6.7 3.5

Odessa

80,580 81,635 80,428 81,556 8,588 5,064 7,850 4,149 10.7 6.2 9.8 5.1

San Angelo

55,110 55,671 55,294 55,713 3,218 2,259 2,992 1,829 5.8 4.1 5.4 3.3

San Antonio-New Braunfels

1,200,363 1,237,065 1,200,341 1,231,423 75,604 52,446 71,863 42,923 6.3 4.2 6.0 3.5

Sherman-Denison

65,258 67,159 65,396 67,182 3,563 2,669 3,391 2,195 5.5 4.0 5.2 3.3

Texarkana

63,141 64,548 63,097 64,178 4,194 3,183 3,882 2,633 6.6 4.9 6.2 4.1

Tyler

109,951 111,842 109,587 111,818 6,873 4,756 6,446 3,872 6.3 4.3 5.9 3.5

Victoria

44,343 44,187 44,075 43,950 3,435 2,400 3,140 1,930 7.7 5.4 7.1 4.4

Waco

127,498 132,246 127,373 132,526 7,363 5,375 7,163 4,480 5.8 4.1 5.6 3.4

Wichita Falls

64,862 64,462 64,620 64,477 4,113 2,829 3,809 2,307 6.3 4.4 5.9 3.6

Utah

1,669,753 1,711,797 1,667,015 1,731,036 59,774 36,470 53,054 35,775 3.6 2.1 3.2 2.1

Logan

76,028 78,509 76,300 79,361 1,983 1,404 1,732 1,380 2.6 1.8 2.3 1.7

Ogden-Clearfield

341,605 347,198 340,868 350,867 11,901 7,143 10,368 7,138 3.5 2.1 3.0 2.0

Provo-Orem

335,957 349,395 334,742 354,192 10,167 6,149 9,034 6,274 3.0 1.8 2.7 1.8

St. George

83,091 85,294 83,180 86,836 3,256 2,002 2,787 1,932 3.9 2.3 3.4 2.2

Salt Lake City

684,680 698,746 683,477 705,540 25,005 15,195 22,654 14,868 3.7 2.2 3.3 2.1

Vermont

325,774 330,969 327,725 334,426 14,195 9,238 14,421 7,879 4.4 2.8 4.4 2.4

Burlington-South Burlington

121,262 122,398 120,725 122,887 4,426 2,609 4,494 2,265 3.6 2.1 3.7 1.8

Virginia

4,258,485 4,304,718 4,271,427 4,339,357 201,752 125,842 193,867 117,570 4.7 2.9 4.5 2.7

Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford

89,882 94,593 90,419 94,466 3,480 2,441 3,410 2,426 3.9 2.6 3.8 2.6

Charlottesville

116,374 119,085 116,738 119,863 4,839 3,079 4,669 2,930 4.2 2.6 4.0 2.4

Harrisonburg

64,984 66,878 64,838 66,932 2,574 1,691 2,540 1,649 4.0 2.5 3.9 2.5

Lynchburg

118,409 118,649 119,366 120,709 5,750 3,714 5,592 3,505 4.9 3.1 4.7 2.9

Richmond

665,284 665,025 668,047 671,729 33,971 21,081 32,369 19,568 5.1 3.2 4.8 2.9

Roanoke

153,651 153,166 153,936 153,806 6,894 4,338 6,682 4,093 4.5 2.8 4.3 2.7

Staunton-Waynesboro

58,403 59,545 58,599 59,557 2,390 1,503 2,380 1,453 4.1 2.5 4.1 2.4

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News

833,790 825,286 835,677 833,603 45,410 28,258 43,153 26,018 5.4 3.4 5.2 3.1

Winchester

73,965 75,808 73,924 75,834 2,723 1,801 2,724 1,716 3.7 2.4 3.7 2.3

Washington

3,884,574 4,055,256 3,882,427 4,052,136 258,942 186,873 239,333 175,387 6.7 4.6 6.2 4.3

Bellingham

112,227 118,863 112,255 119,439 8,830 6,452 7,930 6,350 7.9 5.4 7.1 5.3

Bremerton-Silverdale

127,208 132,998 127,084 132,596 8,304 6,278 7,653 6,290 6.5 4.7 6.0 4.7

Kennewick-Richland

142,972 150,772 144,124 152,705 11,241 9,449 10,067 9,160 7.9 6.3 7.0 6.0

Longview

48,367 50,308 48,705 50,595 3,913 3,096 3,521 3,053 8.1 6.2 7.2 6.0

Mount Vernon-Anacortes

60,821 63,787 60,883 64,186 5,066 3,859 4,521 3,831 8.3 6.0 7.4 6.0

Olympia-Tumwater

144,497 151,738 144,410 151,838 9,547 7,483 8,851 7,547 6.6 4.9 6.1 5.0

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue

2,169,960 2,251,114 2,160,663 2,236,685 126,713 81,056 121,117 72,671 5.8 3.6 5.6 3.2

Spokane-Spokane Valley

282,240 298,863 282,866 300,216 21,308 16,654 18,820 16,084 7.5 5.6 6.7 5.4

Walla Walla

32,080 33,579 32,657 33,842 2,117 1,700 1,802 1,576 6.6 5.1 5.5 4.7

Wenatchee

63,203 65,208 63,976 66,289 4,957 3,991 4,242 3,702 7.8 6.1 6.6 5.6

Yakima

125,252 130,193 126,691 132,157 12,259 10,618 10,518 9,649 9.8 8.2 8.3 7.3

West Virginia

780,140 791,945 777,455 785,436 52,970 35,806 48,533 31,716 6.8 4.5 6.2 4.0

Beckley

45,308 45,599 44,826 45,407 3,457 2,195 3,215 1,934 7.6 4.8 7.2 4.3

Charleston

92,191 91,564 91,628 91,189 6,466 4,181 5,978 3,731 7.0 4.6 6.5 4.1

Huntington-Ashland

142,847 145,844 143,388 145,471 9,334 6,720 8,624 6,127 6.5 4.6 6.0 4.2

Morgantown

70,189 72,519 70,063 72,051 3,563 2,734 3,287 2,424 5.1 3.8 4.7 3.4

Parkersburg-Vienna

38,248 38,990 38,278 38,766 2,840 2,033 2,615 1,739 7.4 5.2 6.8 4.5

Wheeling

61,106 61,933 60,766 61,898 4,690 3,555 4,236 3,104 7.7 5.7 7.0 5.0

Wisconsin

3,112,165 3,137,147 3,114,001 3,139,733 156,727 107,168 148,520 105,181 5.0 3.4 4.8 3.3

Appleton

131,664 133,683 131,562 133,735 5,397 3,604 5,154 3,554 4.1 2.7 3.9 2.7

Eau Claire

93,979 94,623 94,157 94,615 4,794 3,197 4,428 3,157 5.1 3.4 4.7 3.3

Fond du Lac

56,524 58,173 56,829 58,058 2,511 1,630 2,370 1,600 4.4 2.8 4.2 2.8

Green Bay

173,228 175,097 173,117 175,046 7,877 5,285 7,547 5,214 4.5 3.0 4.4 3.0

Janesville-Beloit

86,131 87,387 86,067 87,328 4,954 3,496 4,377 3,550 5.8 4.0 5.1 4.1

La Crosse-Onalaska

77,111 78,632 77,055 78,359 3,294 2,173 3,008 2,105 4.3 2.8 3.9 2.7

Madison

393,340 400,957 394,097 399,530 14,932 9,855 14,496 9,672 3.8 2.5 3.7 2.4

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis

813,996 815,024 812,110 817,256 43,854 29,904 42,526 29,378 5.4 3.7 5.2 3.6

Oshkosh-Neenah

92,367 93,027 92,527 92,904 3,815 2,456 3,600 2,482 4.1 2.6 3.9 2.7

Racine

98,187 98,756 98,217 98,743 6,025 4,248 5,722 4,115 6.1 4.3 5.8 4.2

Sheboygan

61,417 62,798 61,261 62,765 2,460 1,628 2,343 1,621 4.0 2.6 3.8 2.6

Wausau

73,903 75,474 74,232 75,350 2,923 2,064 2,805 2,024 4.0 2.7 3.8 2.7

Wyoming

290,079 288,712 289,646 290,048 17,366 11,560 15,737 10,758 6.0 4.0 5.4 3.7

Casper

39,412 39,290 39,368 39,364 3,287 1,956 2,940 1,834 8.3 5.0 7.5 4.7

Cheyenne

49,567 50,337 49,514 50,363 2,566 1,844 2,349 1,682 5.2 3.7 4.7 3.3

Puerto Rico

1,122,160 1,221,134 1,150,909 1,214,827 88,654 73,617 84,963 70,320 7.9 6.0 7.4 5.8

Aguadilla-Isabela

87,972 96,427 89,940 95,030 8,144 7,770 7,899 7,288 9.3 8.1 8.8 7.7

Arecibo

54,182 59,005 55,484 58,002 4,434 4,066 4,277 3,795 8.2 6.9 7.7 6.5

Guayama

20,256 21,847 20,845 21,788 1,747 1,543 1,717 1,487 8.6 7.1 8.2 6.8

Mayaguez

28,148 30,599 29,052 30,413 2,353 2,164 2,288 2,095 8.4 7.1 7.9 6.9

Ponce

94,079 102,424 96,385 101,697 8,784 8,163 8,461 7,735 9.3 8.0 8.8 7.6

San German

35,447 39,063 36,539 38,598 3,171 3,115 3,101 2,972 8.9 8.0 8.5 7.7

San Juan-Carolina-Caguas

757,834 824,855 778,622 823,678 55,700 42,882 52,979 41,306 7.3 5.2 6.8 5.0

Footnotes
(1) For operational reasons, these interstate areas are listed under the state that accounts for the larger share of the population, which is different from the state that contains the first principal city.
(2) The area boundary does not reflect the Office of Management and Budget delineation.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area delineations are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal city, unless otherwise footnoted. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.


LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state, selected metropolitan area, and metropolitan division(1)
State, area, and division Civilian labor force Unemployed
February March Number Percent of labor force
2021 2022 2021 2022(p) February March February March
2021 2022 2021 2022(p) 2021 2022 2021 2022(p)

California

18,786,310 19,336,327 18,800,220 19,374,110 1,670,382 940,597 1,622,335 823,020 8.9 4.9 8.6 4.2

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim

6,522,533 6,672,975 6,530,794 6,669,835 645,569 331,169 627,706 297,506 9.9 5.0 9.6 4.5

Anaheim-Santa Ana-Irvine

1,540,285 1,589,722 1,542,111 1,597,491 113,393 58,303 108,537 49,796 7.4 3.7 7.0 3.1

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale

4,982,248 5,083,253 4,988,683 5,072,344 532,176 272,866 519,169 247,710 10.7 5.4 10.4 4.9

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward

2,428,455 2,529,604 2,434,644 2,546,066 165,945 87,073 160,317 74,151 6.8 3.4 6.6 2.9

Oakland-Hayward-Berkeley

1,341,865 1,381,959 1,344,783 1,389,468 101,122 54,203 97,713 46,171 7.5 3.9 7.3 3.3

San Francisco-Redwood City-South San Francisco

959,513 1,016,894 961,758 1,024,643 57,689 29,221 55,743 24,863 6.0 2.9 5.8 2.4

San Rafael

127,077 130,751 128,103 131,955 7,134 3,649 6,861 3,117 5.6 2.8 5.4 2.4

District of Columbia

377,008 386,239 377,021 386,738 24,737 21,639 24,808 21,938 6.6 5.6 6.6 5.7

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria(2)

3,323,525 3,372,740 3,336,922 3,396,080 177,237 122,071 175,421 120,740 5.3 3.6 5.3 3.6

Silver Spring-Frederick-Rockville(3)

671,225 681,188 676,685 689,049 37,686 26,258 37,280 26,493 5.6 3.9 5.5 3.8

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria(2)

2,652,300 2,691,552 2,660,237 2,707,031 139,551 95,813 138,141 94,247 5.3 3.6 5.2 3.5

Florida

10,153,076 10,533,849 10,151,654 10,544,018 561,605 322,010 533,837 284,340 5.5 3.1 5.3 2.7

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach

3,037,803 3,146,223 3,014,009 3,124,783 184,531 93,353 178,603 87,448 6.1 3.0 5.9 2.8

Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach-Deerfield Beach

1,014,118 1,042,055 1,013,248 1,039,821 61,482 33,485 57,097 28,807 6.1 3.2 5.6 2.8

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall

1,301,452 1,356,262 1,277,195 1,333,669 85,903 37,502 86,297 39,406 6.6 2.8 6.8 3.0

West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

722,233 747,906 723,566 751,293 37,146 22,366 35,209 19,235 5.1 3.0 4.9 2.6

Illinois

6,249,679 6,432,523 6,257,339 6,458,110 456,786 321,905 419,661 302,487 7.3 5.0 6.7 4.7

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin(2)

4,733,511 4,926,106 4,747,348 4,938,672 349,432 241,366 323,374 223,863 7.4 4.9 6.8 4.5

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights

3,639,271 3,820,409 3,654,404 3,828,338 273,796 186,315 250,074 171,120 7.5 4.9 6.8 4.5

Elgin

311,884 317,755 310,920 318,636 23,807 17,785 22,586 17,224 7.6 5.6 7.3 5.4

Gary(3)

325,801 330,203 327,819 331,196 21,860 14,687 21,905 13,558 6.7 4.4 6.7 4.1

Lake County-Kenosha County(2)

456,555 457,739 454,205 460,502 29,969 22,579 28,809 21,961 6.6 4.9 6.3 4.8

Massachusetts

3,723,612 3,759,275 3,727,618 3,782,686 269,767 160,202 249,178 142,458 7.2 4.3 6.7 3.8

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua(2)

2,767,653 2,799,468 2,769,507 2,820,519 182,889 103,337 168,936 93,185 6.6 3.7 6.1 3.3

Boston-Cambridge-Newton

1,651,123 1,675,127 1,653,600 1,690,168 104,675 57,575 96,424 52,095 6.3 3.4 5.8 3.1

Brockton-Bridgewater-Easton

109,484 109,551 109,576 109,835 9,277 5,648 8,584 4,985 8.5 5.2 7.8 4.5

Framingham

157,402 158,114 157,578 159,651 9,127 5,234 8,339 4,751 5.8 3.3 5.3 3.0

Haverhill-Newburyport-Amesbury Town(2)

115,631 116,902 115,750 117,758 7,447 4,283 6,935 3,877 6.4 3.7 6.0 3.3

Lawrence-Methuen Town-Salem(2)

100,751 99,929 100,456 100,082 10,292 5,978 9,708 5,278 10.2 6.0 9.7 5.3

Lowell-Billerica-Chelmsford(2)

195,138 197,739 194,834 199,320 13,226 7,704 12,305 6,876 6.8 3.9 6.3 3.4

Lynn-Saugus-Marblehead

85,467 85,887 85,473 86,218 7,491 4,358 6,915 3,878 8.8 5.1 8.1 4.5

Nashua(2)

175,355 178,228 174,734 178,786 8,365 4,747 7,692 4,493 4.8 2.7 4.4 2.5

Peabody-Salem-Beverly

91,847 91,928 92,046 92,318 6,335 3,600 5,903 3,246 6.9 3.9 6.4 3.5

Taunton-Middleborough-Norton

85,455 86,063 85,460 86,383 6,654 4,210 6,131 3,706 7.8 4.9 7.2 4.3

Michigan

4,725,011 4,817,944 4,742,773 4,853,977 319,807 254,737 314,738 217,487 6.8 5.3 6.6 4.5

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn

2,072,607 2,149,221 2,091,920 2,148,198 145,411 116,177 144,840 99,508 7.0 5.4 6.9 4.6

Detroit-Dearborn-Livonia

784,707 814,101 789,987 809,947 69,092 57,739 67,445 47,165 8.8 7.1 8.5 5.8

Warren-Troy-Farmington Hills

1,287,899 1,335,120 1,301,934 1,338,250 76,320 58,438 77,396 52,342 5.9 4.4 5.9 3.9

New York

9,340,538 9,400,085 9,552,051 9,442,439 861,392 477,134 789,070 446,066 9.2 5.1 8.3 4.7

New York-Newark-Jersey City(2)

9,914,982 9,930,730 10,127,880 9,974,528 931,007 506,596 861,026 470,798 9.4 5.1 8.5 4.7

Dutchess County-Putnam County

190,729 192,256 192,967 194,459 11,364 6,893 10,301 6,516 6.0 3.6 5.3 3.4

Nassau County-Suffolk County

1,460,531 1,484,540 1,472,465 1,503,328 91,234 54,259 82,518 50,902 6.2 3.7 5.6 3.4

Newark(3)

1,280,360 1,268,966 1,281,216 1,276,636 98,612 57,061 93,379 52,697 7.7 4.5 7.3 4.1

New York-Jersey City-White Plains(2)

6,983,362 6,984,968 7,181,232 7,000,105 729,797 388,383 674,828 360,683 10.5 5.6 9.4 5.2

Pennsylvania

6,421,847 6,352,104 6,394,362 6,403,341 485,503 316,045 450,900 292,496 7.6 5.0 7.1 4.6

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington(2)

3,158,275 3,151,343 3,156,084 3,171,105 235,063 148,783 220,709 138,688 7.4 4.7 7.0 4.4

Camden(3)

668,592 668,720 670,032 672,453 49,258 28,332 45,977 25,800 7.4 4.2 6.9 3.8

Montgomery County-Bucks County-Chester County

1,080,792 1,079,431 1,077,235 1,088,353 62,461 39,773 57,263 37,174 5.8 3.7 5.3 3.4

Philadelphia

1,020,721 1,014,739 1,019,158 1,021,131 99,691 62,875 94,392 58,241 9.8 6.2 9.3 5.7

Wilmington(3)

388,170 388,453 389,659 389,168 23,653 17,803 23,077 17,473 6.1 4.6 5.9 4.5

Texas

14,143,980 14,539,759 14,143,869 14,536,934 967,719 685,161 915,304 562,969 6.8 4.7 6.5 3.9

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington

4,055,702 4,221,099 4,053,529 4,225,949 250,362 172,146 238,797 141,596 6.2 4.1 5.9 3.4

Dallas-Plano-Irving

2,742,950 2,864,341 2,738,298 2,867,262 166,579 115,503 158,579 95,186 6.1 4.0 5.8 3.3

Fort Worth-Arlington

1,312,752 1,356,758 1,315,231 1,358,687 83,783 56,643 80,218 46,410 6.4 4.2 6.1 3.4

Washington

3,884,574 4,055,256 3,882,427 4,052,136 258,942 186,873 239,333 175,387 6.7 4.6 6.2 4.3

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue

2,169,960 2,251,114 2,160,663 2,236,685 126,713 81,056 121,117 72,671 5.8 3.6 5.6 3.2

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett

1,720,794 1,787,752 1,712,736 1,771,402 92,571 54,198 89,810 45,848 5.4 3.0 5.2 2.6

Tacoma-Lakewood

449,166 463,362 447,927 465,283 34,142 26,858 31,307 26,823 7.6 5.8 7.0 5.8

Footnotes
(1) These 11 areas contain all of the 38 metropolitan divisions.
(2) Part of the area (or division) is in one or more adjacent states.
(3) All of the division is in one or more adjacent states.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Area delineations are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal city. Metropolitan divisions are listed under their metropolitan areas. Some divisions lie in more than one state, and some, like Camden, NJ, are totally outside the states under which their metropolitan areas are listed. For Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV, the metropolitan area and division titles are identical. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area, not seasonally adjusted
[In thousands]
State and area February March Change from
March 2021 to March 2022(p)
2021 2022 2021 2022(p) Number Percent

Alabama

2,017.3 2,061.2 2,024.9 2,065.0 40.1 2.0

Anniston-Oxford-Jacksonville

46.1 46.6 46.1 46.8 0.7 1.5

Auburn-Opelika

65.9 67.8 66.1 67.9 1.8 2.7

Birmingham-Hoover

530.1 542.5 530.8 543.0 12.2 2.3

Daphne-Fairhope-Foley

77.6 81.1 78.9 81.6 2.7 3.4

Decatur

56.7 57.2 57.0 57.2 0.2 0.4

Dothan

59.0 60.1 59.1 60.1 1.0 1.7

Florence-Muscle Shoals

55.4 56.6 55.7 56.7 1.0 1.8

Gadsden

33.7 33.7 33.6 33.7 0.1 0.3

Huntsville

247.6 254.2 249.7 255.2 5.5 2.2

Mobile

181.0 185.2 182.1 185.5 3.4 1.9

Montgomery

171.8 174.5 172.2 174.1 1.9 1.1

Tuscaloosa

106.1 107.6 106.0 108.0 2.0 1.9


Alaska

296.7 303.1 299.2 305.6 6.4 2.1

Anchorage

163.7 168.5 164.9 169.4 4.5 2.7

Fairbanks

34.7 35.1 35.1 35.6 0.5 1.4


Arizona

2,914.9 3,041.5 2,926.9 3,035.8 108.9 3.7

Flagstaff

60.3 66.8 61.0 67.2 6.2 10.2

Lake Havasu City-Kingman

52.7 55.5 53.0 54.7 1.7